Aircraft carriers are the ultimate way for a navy to say “we are here.” So when two of them quietly swap ends of the same sea in the same week, it is worth paying attention.

That is what happened in mid-August. As the American carrier USS George Washington slipped west through the Malacca Strait and out into the Andaman Sea, satellite trackers picked up China’s newest and most advanced flat-top, Fujian, sailing east and back into the South China Sea. One heavyweight left the ring; another stepped in.

A very modern Chinese carrier

Fujian is not just another hull. It is China’s third carrier and its first to use electromagnetic catapults — the same technology found on America’s Gerald R. Ford class — instead of the ski-jump ramps of its two older ships. That lets it fling heavier, better-armed jets off the deck, from the J-15T strike fighter to the radar-carrying KJ-600, the kind of airborne early-warning aircraft a blue-water navy cannot do without.

Commissioned only last November, Fujian is still learning its trade. But its reappearance in the South China Sea, precisely as a US carrier headed the other way, is the sort of choreography that navies rarely leave to chance.

Two navies, one sea

The George Washington is the US Navy’s forward-deployed carrier in Japan, and its move toward the Indian Ocean is part of the normal rhythm of deployments, exercises and port calls. Nothing about the transit was a retreat. But timing is a language of its own, and Beijing is fluent in it.

For years the story of the South China Sea has been American carriers sailing where China would rather they didn’t. Increasingly, it is a two-way conversation — and Fujian, with its catapults and its stealthy air wing, is China’s way of joining it as a near-equal. The changing of the guard this week was quiet. The message underneath it was not.

The J-35 on the Catapult

The stealthy part of that air wing is no longer a promise on paper. On 22 September 2025, before Fujian was even commissioned, the PLA Navy released the first official footage of catapult launches from the ship: a J-35 stealth fighter, a J-15T and a KJ-600 radar plane being thrown off the deck by its electromagnetic catapults and caught again by the arresting gear. The navy said the ship had reached “initial full-deck operation capability”. Analysts noted the flights had probably been filmed months earlier, during sea trials.

That makes the naval J-35, a twin-engine Shenyang design whose prototype first flew in October 2021 and which the PLA Navy has since nicknamed “Blue Shark”, the first stealth fighter shown launching from an electromagnetic catapult. The only other ships with electromagnetic catapults are the US Navy’s Gerald R. Ford-class carriers. It is a common shorthand online to call catapults the alternative to “traditional” ski-jumps. It is the other way round: catapults have been the standard on big carriers since the 1950s. The ski-jump ramps belong to China’s two older carriers, Liaoning and Shandong, and limit how heavily their jets can take off. We explain the difference in Ski-Jump or Catapult: The Two Ways to Get a Jet Off a Ship.

Chinese state media said in April 2026 that Fujian would move from initial to full operational capability during the year. As of early October 2026, no such declaration has been made, and no long-range deployment with J-35s embarked has been reported.

Sources: USNI News; Zona Militar; Janes; U.S. Navy; Breaking Defense and Maritime Executive on the PLA Navy footage of 22 September 2025; Global Times; Chinese state broadcaster CCTV (April 2026).