{"id":18279795,"date":"2026-08-30T22:35:52","date_gmt":"2026-08-30T20:35:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/fma-pulqui-ii-kurt-tank-argentina-jet-fighter\/"},"modified":"2026-08-30T22:36:24","modified_gmt":"2026-08-30T20:36:24","slug":"fma-pulqui-ii-kurt-tank-argentina-jet-fighter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/de\/fma-pulqui-ii-kurt-tank-argentina-jet-fighter\/","title":{"rendered":"Pulqui II: Kurt Tank&#8217;s Swept-Wing Jet for Argentina"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.et_pb_title_container h1.entry-title { padding-top: 40px !important; }<\/style>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 1947 a German with a false passport stepped off a ship in Buenos Aires. The name on the document read Pedro Matthies. The man was Kurt Tank &mdash; former technical director of Focke-Wulf, the designer of the Fw 190, and the head of the team behind the Ta 183, the swept-wing jet fighter Germany drew up but never built.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Argentina, flush with ambition under Juan Per\u00f3n, wanted a jet fighter of its own. Tank had the blueprints of a machine years ahead of its time. What followed was one of aviation&rsquo;s strangest and most tragic what-ifs: the FMA IAe 33 Pulqui II, the first swept-wing jet fighter designed and built anywhere in Latin America &mdash; and a project that killed two of its test pilots and never reached a single squadron.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f5f5f5;padding:20px;margin:24px 0;border-radius:6px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 10px;font-weight:700;font-size:17px\">Kurzinfo<\/p><table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:15px\"><tr><td style=\"padding:4px 12px 4px 0;color:#555;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Flugzeug<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:4px 0\">FMA IAe 33 Pulqui II (&ldquo;Arrow II&rdquo;)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:4px 12px 4px 0;color:#555;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Designer<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:4px 0\">Kurt Tank, based on the Focke-Wulf Ta 183<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:4px 12px 4px 0;color:#555;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Erster Flug<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:4px 0\">27 June 1950 (prototype No. 02), Capt. Edmundo Weiss<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:4px 12px 4px 0;color:#555;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Motor<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:4px 0\">One Rolls-Royce Nene II turbojet, ~22 kN (5,000 lbf)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:4px 12px 4px 0;color:#555;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Fl\u00fcgel<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:4px 0\">Shoulder-mounted, swept 40 degrees, T-tail<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:4px 12px 4px 0;color:#555;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Bewaffnung (geplant)<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:4px 0\">Four 20 mm cannon<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:4px 12px 4px 0;color:#555;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Gebaut<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:4px 0\">Five prototypes; two lost in fatal crashes<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:4px 12px 4px 0;color:#555;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Ergebnis<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:4px 0\">Cancelled; Argentina bought used F-86 Sabres instead<\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div>\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">A Nazi blueprint, reborn on the Pampas<\/h2>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Ta 183, drawn by Focke-Wulf engineer Hans Multhopp, had won Germany&rsquo;s 1945 emergency fighter competition on paper and gone no further than the wind tunnel. Tank brought its ideas to C\u00f3rdoba and rebuilt them around a British engine &mdash; the Rolls-Royce Nene, larger and heavier than the German turbojet the Ta 183 had been meant to use. The fuselage grew a fatter cross-section to swallow the Nene&rsquo;s centrifugal compressor, the wings were swept a dramatic 40 degrees, and the tail was perched high in a T.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To prove the shape, the exiled German glider genius Reimar Horten built two full-size gliders that Tank himself flew in 1948 and 1949. They exposed the flaw that would haunt the whole programme: the Pulqui II was unstable in roll, and its swept wings liked to stall at the tips before the roots &mdash; a recipe for a sudden, vicious wing-drop.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/FlqNBH7Jqws\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;border-radius:8px\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The first flying prototype took off on 27 June 1950 with Captain Edmundo Weiss at the controls. On its second flight, ex-Focke-Wulf test pilot Otto Behrens hit severe lateral instability above 700 km\/h and nursed it home, only for the jet to bounce so hard on landing that the undercarriage collapsed. Tank, an accomplished test pilot in his own right, took over the flight programme to chase down the stall.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img data-opt-id=1390836961  fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:Bwpd.cfe6\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:mauto\/ig:avif\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/08\/pulqui-ii-1950.jpg\" alt=\"Pulqui II prototype in 1950\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block;border-radius:6px\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">The Pulqui II in 1950 &mdash; sleek, swept and years ahead of most of the world&rsquo;s air forces. Photo: Wikimedia Commons<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">Two pilots, two fatal flights<\/h2>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On 8 February 1951 Tank demonstrated the fighter before Per\u00f3n and a huge crowd in Buenos Aires, and the air force asked for a pre-production batch of twelve. But the aircraft was still dangerous. During acceptance flying, Captain Vedania Mannuwal ignored a warning not to stress the airframe, threw it into a high-g turn near C\u00f3rdoba, and the wing tore off. The joint pin holding wing to fuselage had been welded rather than forged &mdash; Argentina lacked the heavy presses to make it any other way. Mannuwal ejected inverted at low altitude; his parachute never fully opened.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The third prototype flew in September 1952. Otto Behrens, slated to display it before Per\u00f3n, had no illusions about how the jet behaved at the edges of its envelope.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #d32f2f;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7;display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:flex-start\"><div><em>&ldquo;...the worst I&rsquo;ve ever experienced as a test pilot.&rdquo;<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>Otto Behrens<\/strong> &mdash; Chief test pilot, ex-Focke-Wulf, on the Pulqui II<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Two days before the exhibition, practising his routine, Behrens stalled the Pulqui II at low level and was killed in the crash. Two of the four flying prototypes were now gone, and with them two experienced pilots.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/v65SwhA28bQ\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;border-radius:8px\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">Killed by politics, not just aerodynamics<\/h2>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The fourth prototype, flown in August 1953, finally carried the definitive four 20 mm cannon, and the air force sketched plans for a hundred afterburning interceptors. But Argentina&rsquo;s economy was cracking. Per\u00f3n turned the aircraft factory over to building cars, trucks and motorcycles, and Tank&rsquo;s team was pulled onto other designs. When Tank&rsquo;s contract expired in January 1955 he asked for nearly double his pay; Per\u00f3n simply cancelled it.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img data-opt-id=1670057473  fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:Bwpd.cfe6\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:mauto\/ig:avif\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/08\/pulqui-ii-prototype-camo.jpg\" alt=\"Pulqui II prototype in camouflage\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block;border-radius:6px\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">A later Pulqui II prototype in camouflage. By the time the design was tamed, it was already obsolete. Photo: Wikimedia Commons<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Then history turned strange. In September 1955 the last flying Pulqui II was pressed into the Revoluci\u00f3n Libertadora &mdash; the coup that overthrew Per\u00f3n &mdash; flying combat missions against the very government that had funded it, then taking part in the victory flypast over C\u00f3rdoba.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A fifth and final prototype, flown in 1959, at last cured the instability. It was too late. The jet was now obsolete, and politically toxic for its Per\u00f3nist associations. Argentina bought surplus <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/de\/flugzeug\/f-86-sabre\/\">F-86 Sabres<\/a> from the United States instead &mdash; twenty-eight of them, delivered in 1960 in poor condition and without the uprated engine they had been promised. The remaining Pulqui tooling was destroyed.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And yet the Pulqui II earned its place in history. It made Argentina only the eighth nation on earth to develop jet-fighter technology, and the first anywhere in Latin America to fly a swept-wing jet of its own design. The industry Tank helped build survives today as F\u00e1brica Argentina de Aviones. A fighter that never fired a shot in anger still put a whole continent on the jet-age map.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/0FQ_oK9Vh14\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;border-radius:8px\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Sources: William Green; Santiago Rivas, &ldquo;Pioneers &amp; Prototypes&rdquo; (International Air Power Review); Wikipedia.<\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f0f4ff;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:16px 20px;margin:32px 0 8px;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:600;color:#333\">\u00c4hnliche Beitr\u00e4ge<\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/de\/horten-ho-229-nurflugler-stealth-mythos\/\">Hitlers Nurfl\u00fcgler und der Tarnkappenmythos<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/de\/gloster-e28-39-first-british-jet-whittle-1941\/\">Gloster E.28\/39: Britain&rsquo;s First Jet, and a Lapsed Patent<\/a><\/p><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In 1947 a German with a false passport stepped off a ship in Buenos Aires. The name on the document read Pedro Matthies. The man was Kurt Tank &mdash; former technical director of Focke-Wulf, the designer of the Fw 190, and the head of the team behind the Ta 183, the swept-wing jet fighter Germany [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":18279364,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[666,664],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18279795","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history-and-legends","category-military-aviation"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Pulqui II: Kurt Tank&#039;s Argentine Jet Fighter | MiGFlug<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"How Kurt Tank turned a Nazi paper design into the Pulqui II, Latin America&#039;s first swept-wing jet fighter, and why the Argentine programme ended in 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