{"id":8162402,"date":"2026-07-31T16:30:00","date_gmt":"2026-07-31T14:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/?p=8162402"},"modified":"2026-08-24T16:56:20","modified_gmt":"2026-08-24T14:56:20","slug":"fieseler-fi-103r-reichenberg-manned-v-1-flying-bomb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/de\/fieseler-fi-103r-reichenberg-manned-v-1-flying-bomb\/","title":{"rendered":"The Manned V-1 That Never Flew to War"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.et_pb_title_container h1.entry-title { padding-top: 40px !important; }<\/style><p>By 1944, Germany's bomber fleets were spent, and the V-1 flying bomb \u2014 the \"buzz bomb\" \u2014 was terrorising London with one glaring flaw: it could miss a target the size of Greater London entirely. Someone proposed a brutally simple fix for the accuracy problem. Put a pilot inside the bomb.<\/p><p>The result was the Fieseler Fi 103R \"Reichenberg\": a cruise missile with a human being in the nose, and almost no realistic way for that human being to survive the mission. It was, in effect, a German kamikaze \u2014 and the strangest thing about it is that it was never actually used.<\/p>\r\n<div style=\"background:#f5f5f5;padding:20px 24px;margin:24px 0;border-radius:8px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 10px;font-weight:700;font-size:17px;color:#222\">Kurzinfo<\/p><table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:15px\"><tr><td style=\"padding:5px 10px 5px 0;color:#666;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Flugzeug<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:5px 0\">Fieseler Fi 103R \"Reichenberg\" (manned V-1)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:5px 10px 5px 0;color:#666;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Herkunft<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:5px 0\">Piloted version of the Fi 103 \/ V-1 flying bomb<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:5px 10px 5px 0;color:#666;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Zweck<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:5px 0\">A precisely guided flying bomb against point targets<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:5px 10px 5px 0;color:#666;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Warhead<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:5px 0\">~1,900 lb (almost a tonne)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:5px 10px 5px 0;color:#666;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Geschwindigkeit<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:5px 0\">~450 mph at the attack run<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:5px 10px 5px 0;color:#666;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Start<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:5px 0\">Air-dropped from a Heinkel He 111<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:5px 10px 5px 0;color:#666;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Gebaut<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:5px 0\">~175 converted by October 1944<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:5px 10px 5px 0;color:#666;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Kampfeinsatz<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:5px 0\">None \u2014 cancelled before deployment<\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div>\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">The accuracy problem<\/h2><p>The V-1 flew on a simple gyro-and-timer guidance system: when its fuel ran out over roughly the right place, it fell. Against a sprawling city that was terrifying enough, but militarily useless against a bridge, a ship, or a single power station. A pilot could solve that \u2014 a human eye and hand to steer the bomb precisely onto a small, vital target. The idea traced back to SS commando Otto Skorzeny, who had been studying manned torpedoes.<\/p>\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img data-opt-id=1036357325  fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:0e0_.b970\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:mauto\/ig:avif\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/07\/v-1-flying-bomb.jpg\" alt=\"Fieseler Fi 103 V-1 flying bomb\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block;border-radius:6px\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">The unmanned V-1 flying bomb: fast, cheap and terrifying, but wildly inaccurate. The Reichenberg was an attempt to fix that with a pilot. Photo: Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/GWrI6UInFsI\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;border-radius:8px\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">From \"self-sacrifice\" to \"Reichenberg\"<\/h2><p>The project was first, chillingly, named <em>Selbstopfer<\/em> \u2014 \"self-sacrifice\" \u2014 before being softened to the innocuous \"Reichenberg.\" The unit that would fly it, a staffel of the secret Kampfgeschwader 200, took the name \"Leonidas,\" after the Spartan king whose stand at Thermopylae was suicidal by design. Sixty pilots from KG 200 and thirty of Skorzeny's commandos volunteered.<\/p>\r\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #d32f2f;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7\"><em>&ldquo;A total waste of both manpower and mat\u00e9riel.&rdquo;<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>Oberstleutnant Werner Baumbach<\/strong> &mdash; commander of KG 200 (as reported)<\/div><\/div>\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">The woman who flew it<\/h2><p>The test pilot handed the job was Hanna Reitsch, already famous, already holder of the Iron Cross First Class, and one of the few people willing to fly a bomb. Air-launched from a Heinkel He 111 \u2014 a ramp launch was judged too dangerous \u2014 she flew the manned V-1 to a safe landing after a harrowing flight, diagnosing the stability problems that had made early bombs crash. Her fixes fed directly into the V-1 campaign. When the first two Reichenberg prototypes were lost on their maiden flights, she took over the trials herself.<\/p>\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img data-opt-id=950746200  fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:0e0_.b970\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:mauto\/ig:avif\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/07\/hanna-reitsch.jpg\" alt=\"Test pilot Hanna Reitsch\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block;border-radius:6px\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">Hanna Reitsch, who test-flew the manned V-1 and the rocket-powered Me 163 Komet. Photo: Bundesarchiv \/ CC-BY-SA.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/A6OccXDZgeg\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;border-radius:8px\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">A ticket with no return<\/h2><p>Four variants were built \u2014 two unpowered gliding trainers, a powered trainer, and the operational Reichenberg IV. In the R-IV the pilot sat in a moulded bucket seat directly in front of the pulsejet, with a warhead of nearly a tonne ahead of him and the crudest possible instruments. A Heinkel He 111 carried it slung under a wing to within range of the target; because there was no way in once airborne, the pilot climbed aboard before takeoff.<\/p><p>Officially, it was not a suicide weapon \u2014 there was a \"bail-out\" procedure. In practice, that was a comforting fiction.<\/p>\r\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #1565c0;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7\"><em>&ldquo;The procedure for detaching the cockpit hood was fairly complicated, especially at 450 miles per hour, and the intake of the pulse-jet engine would probably have pulled the pilot right in.&rdquo;<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>David Alan Johnson<\/strong> &mdash; Warfare History Network<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/PP-tgMKIzsA\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;border-radius:8px\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">The weapon that was never used<\/h2><p>By October 1944 around 175 flying bombs had been converted with cockpits and controls. That same month, command of KG 200 passed to Oberstleutnant Werner Baumbach, who had no faith in the project at all and said so. With manpower and materials running short, he judged it a waste of both \u2014 and the Reichenberg was quietly scrapped. It never flew a single operational mission.<\/p><p>Japan's rocket-powered Ohka, a near-identical concept, was used in earnest against Allied ships in 1945, with deadly results. Germany built its manned missile, trained its volunteers, and then \u2014 almost uniquely among the Reich's desperate late-war weapons \u2014 chose not to send men to certain death in it. The Reichenberg remains the cruise missile that history, for once, thought better of.<\/p><p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;font-style:italic;margin-top:24px\">Sources: Warfare History Network (David Alan Johnson); Wikipedia; Megaprojects; Leonidas Squadron histories.<\/p>\r\n<div style=\"background:#f0f4ff;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:16px 20px;margin:32px 0 8px;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:600;color:#333\">\u00c4hnliche Beitr\u00e4ge<\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/de\/operation-aphrodite-joseph-kennedy-jr-flying-bomb-1944\/\">Die fliegende Bombe, die einen Kennedy t\u00f6tete<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/de\/silbervogel-sanger-antipodal-bomber-spaceplane\/\">Der Nazi-Plan, New York aus dem Weltraum zu bombardieren<\/a><\/p><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By 1944, Germany&#8217;s bomber fleets were spent, and the V-1 flying bomb \u2014 the &#8220;buzz bomb&#8221; \u2014 was terrorising London with one glaring flaw: it could miss a target the size of Greater London entirely. Someone proposed a brutally simple fix for the accuracy problem. Put a pilot inside the bomb. The result was the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":8162005,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[666,664],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8162402","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history-and-legends","category-military-aviation"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Fi 103R Reichenberg: Germany&#039;s Manned V-1<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Fieseler Fi 103R Reichenberg was a manned version of the V-1 flying bomb - a German kamikaze weapon that, uniquely, was never used in combat.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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