{"id":21463781,"date":"2026-09-10T11:03:48","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T09:03:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/ilyushin-il-102-jet-shturmovik-tail-turret\/"},"modified":"2026-09-10T11:04:22","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T09:04:22","slug":"ilyushin-il-102-jet-shturmovik-tail-turret","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/es\/ilyushin-il-102-jet-shturmovik-tail-turret\/","title":{"rendered":"Ilyushin Il-102: The Jet Attacker With a Tail Gunner"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<style>.et_pb_title_container h1.entry-title { padding-top: 40px !important; }<\/style>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 1982, forty years after the last one made sense, a Soviet design bureau flew a jet attack aircraft with a rear gunner.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Not a token installation. A proper remotely-controlled tail turret with a twin-barrelled 23 mm cannon, aimed by a second crewman sitting in his own pressurised cockpit above the trailing edge of the wing, facing backwards, watching for fighters.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Ilyushin Il-102 lost to the Sukhoi Su-25 and only two were built. It has been ridiculed as a Second World War aircraft that wandered into the missile age. That is not quite fair, and the argument it lost is one that has never really been settled.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f5f5f5;padding:20px 24px;margin:26px 0\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-weight:700;font-size:17px;color:#0d1117\">Quick Facts<\/p><table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6\"><tr><td style=\"padding:5px 12px 5px 0;color:#555;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Aircraft<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:5px 0;color:#333\">Ilyushin Il-102, two-seat jet shturmovik<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:5px 12px 5px 0;color:#555;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Developed from<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:5px 0;color:#333\">Ilyushin Il-40 of 1953, via the rejected Il-42 proposal<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:5px 12px 5px 0;color:#555;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>First flight<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:5px 0;color:#333\">25 September 1982, flown by S. G. Bliznyuk, chief pilot of the design bureau<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:5px 12px 5px 0;color:#555;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Built<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:5px 0;color:#333\">One flying prototype plus one static test airframe<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:5px 12px 5px 0;color:#555;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Engines<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:5px 0;color:#333\">Two Klimov RD-33I turbofans, non-afterburning versions of the MiG-29&rsquo;s engines, around 51 kN each<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:5px 12px 5px 0;color:#555;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Maximum speed<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:5px 0;color:#333\">950 km\/h (590 mph)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:5px 12px 5px 0;color:#555;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Maximum take-off weight<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:5px 0;color:#333\">22,000 kg (48,500 lb)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:5px 12px 5px 0;color:#555;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Weapon load<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:5px 0;color:#333\">Up to 7,200 kg in six wing bomb bays and eight external pylons<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:5px 12px 5px 0;color:#555;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Forward gun<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:5px 0;color:#333\">Twin-barrel 30 mm cannon on a movable ventral mount<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:5px 12px 5px 0;color:#555;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Tail gun<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:5px 0;color:#333\">Twin-barrel 23 mm GSh-23L in a remotely controlled turret<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:5px 12px 5px 0;color:#555;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Test flights<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:5px 0;color:#333\">250 between 1982 and 1984, reportedly without a single system failure<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:5px 12px 5px 0;color:#555;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\"><strong>Fate<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"padding:5px 0;color:#333\">Abandoned in 1984; the survivor is displayed at the Gromov Flight Research Institute<\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">The competition Ilyushin lost twice<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 1967 the Soviet Air Force decided it wanted an armoured jet attack aircraft again. Vietnam and the Middle East had demonstrated what fighter-bomber pilots had been saying for years: a fast jet optimised for air combat is a poor instrument for loitering over a battlefield being shot at.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Several bureaux competed. Sukhoi offered the T8, a clean-sheet single-seater that became the Su-25. Yakovlev offered the Yak-25LSh and Mikoyan the MiG-21LSh. Ilyushin proposed the Il-42, a deep modernisation of its own Il-40 of 1953, which had been cancelled in 1956 when the Soviet Union abolished its attack aviation arm outright and scrapped five nearly complete aircraft.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The 1969 decision went to the Sukhoi T8 and the MiG-21LSh. The Il-42 was stopped.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ilyushin, under Genrikh Novozhilov, carried on anyway. The programme was renamed Il-102 and continued as what one account calls a semi-legal in-house effort, short of money and actively opposed by the Ministry of Defence, which regarded it as a waste of resources next to the Su-25.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #d32f2f;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7;display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:flex-start\"><div><em>&ldquo;The Ministry of Defense leadership opposed the new Ilyushin attack aircraft. They saw its development as a waste of resources, given the more advanced Su-25 program.&rdquo;<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>Vintage Aviation News<\/strong> &mdash; On the Il-102 programme<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/09\/sukhoi-su-25-frogfoot-single-seat-attack-aircraft.jpg\" alt=\"A Sukhoi Su-25 Frogfoot ground attack aircraft\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">The aircraft that won: a Sukhoi Su-25 Frogfoot. Single seat, no turret, in production before the Il-102 ever flew. Photo: Wikimedia Commons<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">Why a tail gunner in 1982<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The rear turret looks like nostalgia. Ilyushin's reasoning was more specific than that.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An attack aircraft over a battlefield spends its time low, slow and busy, looking down. Its greatest vulnerability is a fighter coming from behind, and the pilot of a single-seater is the last person likely to notice. Ilyushin's answer was a second pair of eyes permanently pointed the other way, backed by infrared decoys, active jamming, and a gun.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The intended chain of events was this: the gunner sees the fighter, the decoys and jamming spoil its missile shot, the aircraft's manoeuvrability does the rest, and an attacker forced to close to gun range finds itself flying into the GSh-23L. The turret was not there to shoot fighters down. It was there to make the approach expensive enough that they would not try.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Dp08-lh6ZR0\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The forward gun was equally unconventional. Rather than fixing the 30 mm cannon to fire straight ahead, Ilyushin mounted it on a ventral installation that could be locked in two positions: horizontal for forward fire, or angled downwards, so the aircraft could rake a target while flying level over it instead of diving at it.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">Where the armour went<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Il-2 and Il-40 had been built around a single armoured bathtub containing everything vital. The Il-102 was too big and heavy for that, so Ilyushin did something cleverer and stranger.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The crew cabins got armour. The engines and fuel system got some. The fuel tanks got none at all. Instead they were concentrated in the centre fuselage and shielded by everything around them: the crew cabins in front and the gunner's installation behind, the engines on each side, and the ventral cannon underneath. The tanks were also filled with reticulated foam to suppress explosions.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In other words, the aircraft's own equipment was the armour. Both crew members sat on K-36 series ejection seats rated to work at zero speed on the ground, and the wing was thick enough to carry internal bomb bays as well as external pylons, which is how a 22-tonne aircraft ends up carrying 7.2 tonnes of weapons.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/09\/ilyushin-il-102-two-seat-jet-shturmovik.jpg\" alt=\"The Ilyushin Il-102 two-seat jet ground attack aircraft\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">The Il-102: two cockpits, six internal bomb bays in the wing, a gun under the nose and another in the tail. Photo: Wikimedia Commons<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">It flew, and it flew well<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By early 1982 the prototype was finished. On 20 January the Air Force commander-in-chief, P. S. Kutakhov, inspected it and came away supportive, as did the aviation industry minister I. S. Silayev. The Ministry of Defence did not change its mind.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The first flight took place on 25 September 1982. Between then and 1984 the aircraft flew 250 times, and the record is consistent on one point: nothing broke. No airframe damage, no serious onboard system failures. It was reported as highly manoeuvrable, with a minimum turn radius of about 400 metres, which for a 22-tonne aircraft is remarkable.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It was grounded in 1984 when the engines reached the end of their approved life, and by then the argument was over. The Su-25 was in full production and had been in combat in Afghanistan. The Il-102 was heavier, carried more, defended itself better, and offered nothing the Air Force considered worth a second production line.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #1565c0;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7;display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:flex-start\"><div><em>&ldquo;The main difference between the Il-102 and the Su-25 was the second cabin for the gunner.&rdquo;<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>GlobalSecurity.org<\/strong> &mdash; On why the Il-102 lost<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That second cabin is the whole story. It meant a second crewman to train, feed, seat, protect and risk, on every sortie, for a defensive capability the Air Force did not believe it needed. A brief attempt to revive the programme in 1986 ran into defence cuts and the decision to leave Afghanistan, and died.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/pPxTa1b83Vk\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\r\n\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">The argument nobody has settled<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Il-102 appeared in public at the start of the 1990s, at Zhukovsky, and was offered for export. There were no takers. It sits today at the Gromov Flight Research Institute, a large grey aeroplane with an unmistakable tail.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/09\/ilyushin-il-102-gromov-flight-research-institute.jpg\" alt=\"The Ilyushin Il-102 prototype on display at the Gromov Flight Research Institute in winter\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">The survivor at Zhukovsky. Photo: Wikimedia Commons<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The uncomfortable part is what happened afterwards. Single-seat attack aircraft have spent the last four decades being shot at from behind by things their pilots never saw, and the modern answer to that problem is not a gunner but a missile approach warner, a towed decoy and a datalink. Ilyushin was asking the right question and reached for the only tool its era had already built.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Compare it with the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/a-10-warthog\/\">A-10 Thunderbolt II<\/a>, which went the other way entirely: one seat, one enormous gun, titanium bathtub, and no rearward defence at all beyond flares and speed. Both aircraft were designed for the same war. Only one of them worried about what was behind it.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/T-Y_83dGUVQ\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\r\n\r\n<style>.mfq{margin:34px 0 8px}.mfq h2{font:26px\/1.3 \"Gilroy semiBold\",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;padding-top:22px;margin:0 0 6px}.mfq .qa details{border-top:1px solid #5C91FF;margin:0;padding:0}.mfq .qa details:last-of-type{border-bottom:1px solid #e2e7ee}.mfq .qa summary{cursor:pointer;list-style:none;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:16px;padding:22px 26px;font:18px\/1.7 \"Gilroy semiBold\",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117}.mfq .qa summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.mfq .qa summary::after{content:\"+\";font:24px Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#3568e0;flex:0 0 auto}.mfq .qa details[open] summary::after{content:\"\\2013\"}.mfq .qa details:hover summary{color:#3568e0}.mfq .qa .a{font:16px\/1.7 \"Gilroy regular\",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#454e5e;padding:0 26px 24px}.mfq .qa .a a{color:#3568e0}@media(max-width:680px){.mfq .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}.mfq .qa .a{padding:0 14px 20px}}<\/style>\r\n\r\n\r\n<section class=\"mfq\"><h2>Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2><div class=\"qa\"><details open><summary>Did the Ilyushin Il-102 really have a rear gun turret?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">Yes. The Il-102 carried a remotely controlled tail turret with a twin-barrelled 23 mm GSh-23L cannon, aimed by a second crew member seated in his own pressurised cockpit above the trailing edge of the wing. It was the first jet ground-attack aircraft to carry defensive tail armament since the piston-engined Il-2 and Il-10 of the Second World War.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Why did the Il-102 lose to the Su-25?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">Chiefly because of the second crewman. The Soviet Air Force wanted a single-seat attack aircraft, and Sukhoi&rsquo;s T8, which became the Su-25, was already selected in 1969 and in production by the time the Il-102 flew in 1982. The Ministry of Defence regarded the Ilyushin programme as a duplication of effort and never supported it.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>How many Ilyushin Il-102s were built?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">Two airframes: one flying prototype and one for static testing. The flying aircraft made 250 test flights between 1982 and 1984 and was grounded when its engines reached the end of their approved life. It survives on display at the Gromov Flight Research Institute at Zhukovsky.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>How did the Il-102 compare with the Su-25?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">The Il-102 was larger and heavier, with a maximum take-off weight of 22 tonnes against the Su-25&rsquo;s lower figure, and could carry around 7.2 tonnes of weapons in six internal wing bomb bays plus eight external pylons. It also had genuine rear-hemisphere defence. Against that, it needed a second crew member and a second production line, and offered nothing the Air Force considered decisive.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>What engines did the Il-102 use?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">Two Klimov RD-33I turbofans of around 51 kN thrust each. These were non-afterburning versions of the RD-33 that powers the MiG-29, giving the Il-102 roughly 60 percent more thrust than the earlier Il-42 proposal.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Was the Il-102 armoured like the Il-2 Shturmovik?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">Not in the same way. The Il-2, Il-10 and Il-40 were built around a single armoured shell containing the vital components. The Il-102 was too large for that, so Ilyushin armoured the crew cabins and partly the engines and fuel system, then concentrated the unarmoured fuel tanks in the centre fuselage where they were shielded by the crew cabins, the engines, the tail gun installation and the ventral cannon. The tanks were also foam-filled to suppress explosions.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Is the Il-102 the same aircraft as the Il-40?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">No, although it shares the Il-40&rsquo;s layout and lineage. The Il-40 flew in 1953 and was cancelled in 1956 when the Soviet Union abolished its attack aviation arm. The Il-102 was a new aircraft with a redesigned forward fuselage for better downward visibility, new landing gear, far more powerful engines and much heavier armament.<\/div><\/details><\/div><\/section>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Did the Ilyushin Il-102 really have a rear gun turret?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Yes. The Il-102 carried a remotely controlled tail turret with a twin-barrelled 23 mm GSh-23L cannon, aimed by a second crew member seated in his own pressurised cockpit above the trailing edge of the wing. It was the first jet ground-attack aircraft to carry defensive tail armament since the piston-engined Il-2 and Il-10 of the Second World War.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Why did the Il-102 lose to the Su-25?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Chiefly because of the second crewman. The Soviet Air Force wanted a single-seat attack aircraft, and Sukhoi\u2019s T8, which became the Su-25, was already selected in 1969 and in production by the time the Il-102 flew in 1982. The Ministry of Defence regarded the Ilyushin programme as a duplication of effort and never supported it.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"How many Ilyushin Il-102s were built?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Two airframes: one flying prototype and one for static testing. The flying aircraft made 250 test flights between 1982 and 1984 and was grounded when its engines reached the end of their approved life. It survives on display at the Gromov Flight Research Institute at Zhukovsky.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"How did the Il-102 compare with the Su-25?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The Il-102 was larger and heavier, with a maximum take-off weight of 22 tonnes against the Su-25\u2019s lower figure, and could carry around 7.2 tonnes of weapons in six internal wing bomb bays plus eight external pylons. It also had genuine rear-hemisphere defence. Against that, it needed a second crew member and a second production line, and offered nothing the Air Force considered decisive.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What engines did the Il-102 use?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Two Klimov RD-33I turbofans of around 51 kN thrust each. These were non-afterburning versions of the RD-33 that powers the MiG-29, giving the Il-102 roughly 60 percent more thrust than the earlier Il-42 proposal.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Was the Il-102 armoured like the Il-2 Shturmovik?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Not in the same way. The Il-2, Il-10 and Il-40 were built around a single armoured shell containing the vital components. The Il-102 was too large for that, so Ilyushin armoured the crew cabins and partly the engines and fuel system, then concentrated the unarmoured fuel tanks in the centre fuselage where they were shielded by the crew cabins, the engines, the tail gun installation and the ventral cannon. The tanks were also foam-filled to suppress explosions.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Is the Il-102 the same aircraft as the Il-40?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"No, although it shares the Il-40\u2019s layout and lineage. The Il-40 flew in 1953 and was cancelled in 1956 when the Soviet Union abolished its attack aviation arm. The Il-102 was a new aircraft with a redesigned forward fuselage for better downward visibility, new landing gear, far more powerful engines and much heavier armament.\"}}]}<\/script><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Sources: World Air Power Journal, Volume 17; Bill Gunston, The Osprey Encyclopedia of Russian Aircraft 1875&ndash;1995; Vintage Aviation News; GlobalSecurity.org.<\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f0f4ff;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:16px 20px;margin:32px 0 8px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:600;color:#333\">Related Posts<\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/su-25-frogfoot-flying-tank-attack-jet\/\">The Flying Tank Built to Take a Beating<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/the-il-2-sturmovik-the-most-produced-military-aircraft-in-history\/\">The Il-2 Sturmovik: The Most-Produced Military Aircraft in History<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/antonov-an-71-madcap-awacs-fin-mounted-radar\/\">Antonov An-71 Madcap: The AWACS With Its Radar on the Fin<\/a><\/p><\/div>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In 1982 Ilyushin flew a jet attack aircraft with a rear gunner in his own cockpit. It lost to the Su-25, and the argument it lost has never been settled.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":21463464,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[666,664],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21463781","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history-and-legends","category-military-aviation"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ilyushin Il-102: The Jet Attacker With a Tail Gunner | MiGFlug<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Ilyushin Il-102 flew in 1982 with a remotely controlled 23 mm tail turret and a second crewman. 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