{"id":24692468,"date":"2026-09-25T16:39:27","date_gmt":"2026-09-25T14:39:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/?p=24692468"},"modified":"2026-10-01T15:22:20","modified_gmt":"2026-10-01T13:22:20","slug":"why-airliners-cannot-fly-supersonic-over-land-faa-91-817","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/es\/why-airliners-cannot-fly-supersonic-over-land-faa-91-817\/","title":{"rendered":"Why Airliners Still Can&#8217;t Go Supersonic Over Land"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.et_pb_title_container h1.entry-title { padding-top: 40px !important; }<\/style>\n<!-- mfsh:top -->\n\n<style>\n.mfsh-trigger{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;height:44px;padding:0 18px;margin:0 0 26px;border:2px solid #0F1720;background:#fff;color:#0F1720;font-family:inherit;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;line-height:1;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none;cursor:pointer;box-shadow:none;transition:background .15s,color 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The same aeroplane at Mach 1.01 would be breaking federal law.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>The line is not about safety, or engineering, or fuel. It is about a noise, and about an American town in 1964 that was used as a test subject and did not enjoy it.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>That rule is now, finally, being taken apart. But it is still in force today, and it is worth understanding what it actually says before the headlines start claiming otherwise.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f4f6f8;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:18px 22px;margin:26px 0\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 10px;font-weight:700;color:#0d1117;font-size:17px\">Quick Facts<\/p><p style=\"margin:5px 0\"><strong>The rule:<\/strong> 14 CFR 91.817, in force since 1973<\/p><p style=\"margin:5px 0\"><strong>What it bans:<\/strong> Civil flight faster than Mach 1 over the United States<\/p><p style=\"margin:5px 0\"><strong>Exception:<\/strong> A special flight authorisation issued by the Administrator<\/p><p style=\"margin:5px 0\"><strong>Extended in:<\/strong> 1978, to stop booms from outside reaching US soil<\/p><p style=\"margin:5px 0\"><strong>Why:<\/strong> The Oklahoma City sonic boom tests of 1964<\/p><p style=\"margin:5px 0\"><strong>Proposed replacement:<\/strong> A noise limit of 0.11 psf at the surface<\/p><p style=\"margin:5px 0\"><strong>Proposal published:<\/strong> 2 July 2026, comments closed 17 August 2026<\/p><p style=\"margin:5px 0\"><strong>Status today:<\/strong> Still a proposal. The ban still applies<\/p><\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">The Test That Poisoned the Well<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<p>In 1964 NASA and the FAA decided to find out how much sonic boom a city would tolerate. They picked Oklahoma City and flew eight booms a day over it for six months.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>The answer turned out to be: not this much. The tests produced around 15,000 complaints, a pile of damage claims and a class action that the federal government eventually lost on appeal in 1969.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>Four years later the FAA made it a rule.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">What the Rule Actually Says<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<p>Section 91.817 does not ban supersonic aircraft. It bans supersonic <em>flight<\/em> over the United States, which is a different and much more awkward thing. An aircraft can be supersonic-capable, certified and in service, and still be required to fly the whole American leg of its route below Mach 1.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>The FAA has been clear about why it wrote the rule that way.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #1565c0;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7;display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:flex-start\"><div><em>&ldquo;Due to the limits of sonic boom monitoring and control technology at that time, a prohibition was needed to protect the public from sonic boom of any given intensity and ensure effective control of sonic boom at the source&rdquo;<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>Federal Aviation Administration<\/strong> &mdash; on the 1973 rulemaking, quoted in the 2026 proposed rule<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>In 1978 the rule was extended. It is not enough to be outside American airspace: an aircraft flying to or from a US airport may not let its boom reach the surface inside the United States either. That closed the coastal loophole, and it is the paragraph that shaped Concorde&rsquo;s entire route network.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">A Boom Is Not an Event. It Is a Wake.<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<p>The single most common misunderstanding about sonic booms is that they happen once, at the moment an aircraft passes Mach 1, like a balloon popping.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>They do not. A supersonic aircraft trails a cone of shock waves behind it continuously, and wherever that cone meets the ground, people hear a boom. The aircraft drags that band along underneath itself for as long as it stays supersonic.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/09\/sonic-boom-carpet-width-diagram.png\" alt=\"Diagram showing how a sonic boom carpet spreads about one mile wide for every thousand feet of altitude\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">The boom carpet follows the aircraft. MiGFlug diagram<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>The rule of thumb is about one statute mile of boom carpet for every thousand feet of altitude, which makes the band roughly five times as wide as the aircraft is high. An airliner at 30,000 feet would lay down a strip of boom about thirty miles across, continuously, from coast to coast.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>That is why the ban is written the way it is. There is no such thing as a supersonic route that only inconveniences the people directly underneath it.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/km2g2p3PuYg\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">What Concorde Had to Do About It<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<p>Concorde is usually described as having been killed by economics, and that is not wrong, but the economics were shaped by this rule.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>Concorde went supersonic over water and subsonic over land. That worked for the North Atlantic, where almost the whole route is ocean. It did not work for anything that crossed a continent, which is why there was never a New York to Los Angeles Concorde, and why the aircraft ended its life serving essentially one route profile.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>An aircraft that can only use its defining capability over the sea is an aircraft with a very small market.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">The Rule Is Now Being Repealed<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<p>In June 2025 Executive Order 14304, <em>Leading the World in Supersonic Flight<\/em>, instructed the FAA to replace the prohibition. On 2 July 2026 the agency published its proposed rule.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #d32f2f;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7;display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:flex-start\"><div><em>&ldquo;FAA proposes to repeal this outdated and unnecessary prohibition and establish a corresponding interim noise-based certification standard to allow supersonic flights without an operation-specific special authorization&rdquo;<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>Federal Aviation Administration<\/strong> &mdash; Enabling Supersonic Overland Flight, 2 July 2026<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>The replacement is not &ldquo;go as fast as you like&rdquo;. It is a performance standard, and the number is specific: the aircraft must be operated so that sonic boom overpressure at the surface does not exceed 0.11 pounds per square foot, counting both the primary and any secondary boom.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/09\/supersonic-overland-ban-timeline-overpressure.png\" alt=\"Timeline of the US supersonic overland ban and a scale of sonic boom overpressure in pounds per square foot\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">Fifty-three years, and the number that would replace them. MiGFlug diagram<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">How Quiet Is 0.11 psf?<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<p>Very. A supersonic aircraft under normal conditions produces a peak overpressure somewhere between about 1 and 10 pounds per square foot. Buildings in good condition are generally reckoned to be safe from damage up to around 11 psf.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>So the proposed limit is roughly one hundredth of the damage threshold, and about a tenth of the quietest end of what an ordinary supersonic aircraft already does. It is not a rule that a conventional supersonic design can meet by flying carefully. It is a rule that requires a shape built specifically to stop its shock waves coalescing into a bang &mdash; which is exactly what NASA has spent the last decade testing.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/iOTfR1NQ-X8\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">So When Can You Book It?<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<p>Not yet, and not soon. What exists today is a proposal. The comment period closed on 17 August 2026, the FAA has to work through the responses, and a final rule has to be written and published before anything changes. Until that happens, 91.817 is the law and Mach 1 over land is illegal.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>Then somebody has to build an aircraft that meets 0.11 psf, certify it, and find enough passengers willing to pay for the hours it saves. The regulation was never the only obstacle. It was just the one that made all the others academic.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/JO4_VHM69oI\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Fifty-three years is a long time to be told to slow down over Kansas because of what happened to Oklahoma City.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p><em>Sources: Federal Register, Enabling Supersonic Overland Flight, 2 July 2026 (docket FAA-2026-6935); Executive Order 14304, 6 June 2025; Wikipedia (Sonic boom).<\/em><\/p>\n\n<!-- mfsh:bottom -->\n\n<button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-trigger mfsh-bottom\" data-mfsh-placement=\"bottom\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\"><svg><use href=\"#mfsh-i-share\"\/><\/svg>Share this story<\/button>\n\n<!-- \/mfsh:bottom -->\n\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<style>.mfq{margin:34px 0 8px}.mfq h2{font:26px\/1.3 \"Gilroy semiBold\",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;padding-top:22px;margin:0 0 6px}.mfq .qa details{border-top:1px solid #5C91FF;margin:0;padding:0}.mfq .qa details:last-of-type{border-bottom:1px solid #e2e7ee}.mfq .qa summary{cursor:pointer;list-style:none;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:16px;padding:22px 26px;font:18px\/1.7 \"Gilroy semiBold\",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117}.mfq .qa summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.mfq .qa summary::after{content:\"+\";font:24px Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#3568e0;flex:0 0 auto}.mfq .qa details[open] summary::after{content:\"\\2013\"}.mfq .qa details:hover summary{color:#3568e0}.mfq .qa .a{font:16px\/1.7 \"Gilroy regular\",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#454e5e;padding:0 26px 24px}.mfq .qa .a a{color:#3568e0}@media(max-width:680px){.mfq .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}.mfq .qa .a{padding:0 14px 20px}}<\/style>\r\n\r\n\r\n<section class=\"mfq\"><h2>Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2><div class=\"qa\"><details open><summary>Why can't airliners fly supersonic over land?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">Because of 14 CFR 91.817, a US rule in force since 1973 that prohibits civil flight faster than Mach 1 over the United States without a special flight authorisation. The reason is the sonic boom, which follows the aircraft along the ground in a continuous band rather than happening once.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Has the supersonic overland ban been lifted?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">Not yet. An executive order in June 2025 told the FAA to replace it, and the FAA published a proposed rule on 2 July 2026 with a comment period that closed on 17 August 2026. Until a final rule is issued, the prohibition still applies.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>What would replace the Mach 1 ban?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">A noise-based standard. The FAA proposes that aircraft be operated so that sonic boom overpressure at the surface does not exceed 0.11 pounds per square foot, covering both the primary and any secondary boom.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>How wide is a sonic boom on the ground?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">About one statute mile for every thousand feet of altitude, or roughly five times the aircraft's height. An aircraft at 30,000 feet lays down a band of boom around thirty miles wide, continuously, for as long as it is supersonic.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Why did the United States ban supersonic flight in the first place?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">The 1964 Oklahoma City sonic boom tests flew eight booms a day over the city for six months. They produced around 15,000 complaints and a class action that the government lost on appeal in 1969. The FAA made the prohibition a rule in 1973.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Did Concorde fly supersonic over the United States?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">No. Concorde flew subsonic over land and supersonic over water, which is why its network was built around ocean crossings and why there was never a transcontinental American Concorde route.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>How loud is 0.11 pounds per square foot?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">Very quiet by supersonic standards. A supersonic aircraft normally produces between about 1 and 10 psf, and buildings in good condition are generally considered safe from damage up to around 11 psf. The proposed limit is around a hundredth of that damage threshold.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Can civilians fly in a fighter jet today?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">Yes. MiGFlug has flown civilians in genuine fighter jets for over twenty years, including the MiG-29 to the edge of space and the L-39 Albatros. Current aircraft and prices are on the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/\">MiGFlug flights and prices page<\/a>.<\/div><\/details><\/div><\/section>\r\n\r\n\r\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Why can't airliners fly supersonic over land?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Because of 14 CFR 91.817, a US rule in force since 1973 that prohibits civil flight faster than Mach 1 over the United States without a special flight authorisation. The reason is the sonic boom, which follows the aircraft along the ground in a continuous band rather than happening once.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Has the supersonic overland ban been lifted?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Not yet. 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MiGFlug has flown civilians in genuine fighter jets for over twenty years, including the MiG-29 to the edge of space and the L-39 Albatros. Current aircraft and prices are on the MiGFlug flights and prices page.\"}}]}<\/script><div style=\"background:#f0f4ff;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:16px 20px;margin:32px 0 8px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:600;color:#333\">Related Posts<\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/x-59-hits-mach-1-4-at-quiet-boom-altitude\/\">X-59 Hits Mach 1.4 at Quiet Boom Altitude<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/the-boeing-2707-americas-concorde-that-congress-killed\/\">The Boeing 2707: America&rsquo;s Concorde That Congress Killed<\/a><\/p><\/div>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Flying supersonic over land has been illegal in the US since 1973. Here is why, and what the FAA now proposes to replace the ban with.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":18844418,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[665],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24692468","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aviation-world"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Why Airliners Still Can&#039;t Go Supersonic Over Land | MiGFlug<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Flying supersonic over land has been illegal in the US since 1973. 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