﻿{"id":31504262,"date":"2026-11-06T17:02:55","date_gmt":"2026-11-06T16:02:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/suspected-unapproved-parts-faa-form-8120-11-bogus-aircraft-parts\/"},"modified":"2026-11-06T17:03:55","modified_gmt":"2026-11-06T16:03:55","slug":"suspected-unapproved-parts-faa-form-8120-11-bogus-aircraft-parts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/es\/suspected-unapproved-parts-faa-form-8120-11-bogus-aircraft-parts\/","title":{"rendered":"Suspected Unapproved Parts: How the FAA Hunts Bogus Aircraft Parts"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.et_pb_title_container h1.entry-title { padding-top: 40px !important; }<\/style>\r\n<!-- mfsh:top -->\r\n\r\n<style>\r\n.mfsh-trigger{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;height:44px;padding:0 18px;margin:0 0 26px;border:2px solid 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It contacted Safran, the engine maker, to check the authenticity of a part it had bought from AOG Technics, a UK trader run from a home office in Surrey. Safran looked at the release certificate and saw that it was a fake.<\/p><p>Safran alerted the authorities. The UK Civil Aviation Authority, the FAA and EASA issued safety alerts covering all AOG Technics parts, and aircraft around the world were grounded while operators hunted for them. The case is one of the starkest recent examples of a problem the industry has a name and a form for: the suspected unapproved part.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f4f6f9;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:18px 22px;margin:8px 0 28px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:700;color:#0d1117\">Quick Facts<\/p><ul style=\"margin:0;padding-left:18px;line-height:1.7\"><li><strong>Term:<\/strong> Suspected unapproved part (SUP)<\/li><li><strong>Reporting form:<\/strong> FAA Form 8120-11, Suspected Unapproved Parts Report<\/li><li><strong>Guidance:<\/strong> FAA Advisory Circular 21-29D (12 July 2016)<\/li><li><strong>Report via:<\/strong> FAA Hotline web portal, 866-TELL-FAA, or mail<\/li><li><strong>FAA programme since:<\/strong> 1995<\/li><li><strong>Responsible FAA office:<\/strong> Aircraft Certification Service (AIR)<\/li><li><strong>First rule on finding one:<\/strong> Quarantine it; do not install, alter, destroy or return it<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\r\n\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">What makes a part suspect<\/h2>\r\n<p>The FAA defines a suspected unapproved part as a part that, for any reason, a person believes is not approved for use on a type-certificated product. The word suspected matters: the reporter does not have to prove anything, only to have a reason.<\/p>\r\n<p>The FAA's list of reasons is practical. Differences in finish, size or colour. Missing or improper identification. Incomplete, unavailable or altered paperwork. Parts that passed through a production approval holder's quality system but do not conform to the approved design. Parts shipped by a supplier straight to end users without the manufacturer's direct ship authority or a separate Parts Manufacturer Approval. Parts sold as made under an FAA production approval that was never issued. Life-limited parts misrepresented as new or as having life left. Military parts not shown to conform to type design.<\/p>\r\n<p>Just as important is what does not count. An approved part used in the wrong application, a part damaged in shipping, and raw materials such as sheet stock, sealants or raw forgings are not SUP reports, though some can go to the FAA Hotline. A part that was improperly maintained may not be unapproved at all, but simply ineligible for installation because it was not maintained under Part 43. And under AC 21-29D, parts sold as is, or for decoration, without being represented as airworthy, are not SUPs either.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7\"><div><em>&ldquo;Positive identification of unapproved parts has proven to be difficult because they can closely resemble approved parts.&rdquo;<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>FAA Advisory Circular 21-29D<\/strong> &mdash; Detecting and Reporting Suspected Unapproved Parts, 12 July 2016, paragraph 5<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">How a bogus part gets caught<\/h2>\r\n<p>Most suspect parts are caught at the receiving desk. Advisory Circular 21-29D, Detecting and Reporting Suspected Unapproved Parts, gives repair stations and parts buyers a checklist for unfamiliar suppliers. Its warning signs are commercial before they are technical: a price significantly lower than other distributors quote, a delivery schedule significantly shorter than others can offer when stock is scarce, sales talk implying an unlimited supply, and a supplier who cannot produce documentation that the part was made under an FAA approval or maintained under Part 43.<\/p>\r\n<p>The AC is careful to say that none of these is conclusive, and that ordinary due diligence often confirms a part is fine. It also recommends that buyers ask for traceability to an approved design and production approval on every purchase order for parts intended for type-certificated products.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/11\/suspected-unapproved-parts-faa-form-8120-11-bogus-aircraft-p-img1.jpg\" alt=\"Airman reading and filling in maintenance paperwork in a binder at a workbench\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">Staff Sgt. Justin Paddock of the 52nd Maintenance Squadron documents completed tasks at Spangdahlem Air Base, Germany, on 5 June 2025. In the parts world, the paperwork is what proves a part is approved. Photo: U.S. Air Force \/ Airman 1st Class Gretchen McCarty (public domain, via DVIDS)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n\r\n<p>Then comes the physical inspection. The AC suggests checking that the packaging identifies the supplier and is free from alteration, that part and serial numbers on the part and the delivery receipt match the purchase order, and that markings have not been tampered with, such as a serial number stamped over or vibro-etching in an unusual place. Shelf life and life limits must be in date, and visible irregularities, from missing plating to new paint over old, deserve a closer look.<\/p>\r\n<p>The AC lists the documents that count as positive identification: an <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/faa-form-8130-3-airworthiness-approval-tag-explained\/\">FAA Form 8130-3<\/a> airworthiness approval tag, a repair station work order from an FAA-certificated source, an EASA Form 1 or Transport Canada Form One, TSO or <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/pma-parts-vs-oem-parts-manufacturer-approval-faa-explained\/\">PMA<\/a> markings, a shipping ticket or invoice from the production approval holder, or a direct ship authority letter. The AOG Technics case shows the limit of that list: a release certificate is only as good as the honesty of the person who issued it.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0 8px\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Qo130KB4B8k\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin:0 0 24px;font-style:italic\">An FAA Safety Team video on what mechanics and owners should do when they suspect a part is unapproved.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">Quarantine first, then report<\/h2>\r\n<p>The FAA's instructions for someone holding a suspect part start with one word: quarantine. Isolate the part and segregate it. Do not install it, alter it, destroy it, or send it or its paperwork back to the supplier, because the part and its documents are evidence. Keep purchase orders, shipping manifests, invoices, certificates of conformity and airworthiness documents, and photograph the markings, stampings, serial numbers, packaging and anything that looks wrong.<\/p>\r\n<p>AC 21-29D adds a sensible step before reporting: try to resolve the question through the supplier first, for example by obtaining documentation that was not supplied or confirming that a mark was shipping damage. If the doubt remains, the report goes on FAA Form 8120-11, Suspected Unapproved Parts Report.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/11\/suspected-unapproved-parts-faa-form-8120-11-bogus-aircraft-p-img2.jpg\" alt=\"Hand picking up an inspection mirror from a foam-lined tool drawer\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">An inspection mirror is lifted from a tool drawer at Spangdahlem Air Base's central repair facility on 5 June 2025. Physical inspection, from markings to surface finish, is the second line of defence after documents. Photo: U.S. Air Force \/ Airman 1st Class Gretchen McCarty (public domain, via DVIDS)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n\r\n<p>According to the FAA's SUP page, the preferred route is the FAA Hotline web reporting portal. Reports can also be made by calling 866-TELL-FAA (866-835-5322), or by mailing a completed Form 8120-11 with supporting documents to the FAA's Office of Whistleblower Protection and Aviation Safety Investigation in Washington. The FAA asks for the part name, part and serial numbers and where the part is, the supplier's name, address and purchase order number, the aircraft, engine or component it was meant for, a detailed explanation of why it is suspect, and copies of the 8130-3, invoices, shipping papers and photos.<\/p>\r\n<p>Reports can be anonymous. The AC notes, though, that giving a name lets the FAA verify the information and follow up with the reporter.<\/p>\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">How the FAA chases it<\/h2>\r\n<p>The FAA set up its SUP programme and programme office in 1995, to stop unapproved parts entering the US aviation system. Reports arrive through the FAA Hotline and are processed under FAA Order 8120.16, and the Aircraft Certification Service has been the office responsible for the programme since November 2012. The AC describes the tools as surveillance, investigation, notification of the wider community and, where warranted, enforcement action.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7\"><div><em>&ldquo;The FAA thoroughly investigates every SUP report.&rdquo;<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>Federal Aviation Administration<\/strong> &mdash; Suspected Unapproved Parts programme page, faa.gov<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<p>When an investigation turns something up, the FAA can issue a Field Notification to warn the industry, and anyone can subscribe to those notices. For parts buyers, the FAA also points to its Dynamic Regulatory System, where PMA approvals can be searched by holder, part number or the aircraft they fit.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0 8px\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/z1YngE9ovZc\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin:0 0 24px;font-style:italic\">DW Business reports on how the industry responded to problematic engine parts in the supply chain.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">The AOG Technics case<\/h2>\r\n<p>The UK's Serious Fraud Office laid out the scale of what an unapproved-parts fraud can look like. From January 2019 to July 2023, it said, AOG Technics sold more than 60,000 aircraft engine parts worth 6.9 million pounds, accompanied by forged Authorised Release Certificates, most of them for the CFM56, which the SFO called the world's most widely used commercial aircraft engine.<\/p>\r\n<p>Director Jose Alejandro Zamora Yrala doctored genuine certificates on his home computer, created false shipment memos suggesting he had bought parts directly from manufacturers such as Safran, and invented sales and quality managers who signed emails and documents. Popular Science reported that the airline whose query exposed the scheme was TAP Air Portugal. The SFO put estimated losses at more than 39.3 million pounds, for airlines including American Airlines and Ethiopian Airlines and for manufacturers.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7\"><div><em>&ldquo;Zamora\u2019s operation risked public safety on a global scale in a way that defies belief.&rdquo;<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>Emma Luxton<\/strong> &mdash; Director of Operations, UK Serious Fraud Office, press release, 23 February 2026<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<p>Zamora pleaded guilty to fraudulent trading in December 2025, and on 23 February 2026 he was sentenced at Southwark Crown Court to four years and eight months in prison. Afterburner reported a different kind of parts fraud in October, when <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/kf-16-counterfeit-iff-parts-fraud-korea-12-8-billion-won-2026\/\">South Korea charged five people over counterfeit KF-16 parts<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">Why the paperwork is the part<\/h2>\r\n<p>The stakes are not theoretical. On 8 September 1989, Partnair Flight 394, a Convair CV-580, broke up over the Skagerrak off Denmark, and all 55 people on board were killed. Investigators traced the break-up to the tail, where the attachments of the vertical stabiliser had worn excessively; the pins and sleeves in that joint were of inferior quality and did not meet the specified hardness and tensile strength, and they had been installed and inspected with sub-standard maintenance procedures.<\/p>\r\n<p>That is why the SUP system cares so much about traceability. A counterfeit bolt or a doctored certificate can look exactly like the real thing, and the only reliable defence is a chain of documents back to an approved design and an approved producer, checked by someone who is prepared to put a part aside and ask a question. The Form 8120-11 is how that question reaches the FAA.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0 8px\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/hpU5pl2iRPI\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin:0 0 24px;font-style:italic\">Simple Flying on airlines finding suspect CFM engine parts during the AOG Technics affair.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p><em>Sources: FAA (Suspected Unapproved Parts programme, AC 21-29D), UK Serious Fraud Office, Aviation Business News, Popular Science, Wikipedia, PlaneCrashInfo, DVIDS<\/em><\/p>\r\n<!-- mfsh:bottom -->\r\n\r\n<button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-trigger mfsh-bottom\" data-mfsh-placement=\"bottom\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\"><svg><use href=\"#mfsh-i-share\"\/><\/svg>Share this story<\/button>\r\n\r\n<!-- \/mfsh:bottom -->\r\n\r\n<style>.mfq{margin:34px 0 8px}.mfq h2{font:26px\/1.3 \"Gilroy semiBold\",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;padding-top:22px;margin:0 0 6px}.mfq .qa details{border-top:1px solid #5C91FF;margin:0;padding:0}.mfq .qa details:last-of-type{border-bottom:1px solid #e2e7ee}.mfq .qa summary{cursor:pointer;list-style:none;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:16px;padding:22px 26px;font:18px\/1.7 \"Gilroy semiBold\",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117}.mfq .qa summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.mfq .qa summary::after{content:\"+\";font:24px Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#3568e0;flex:0 0 auto}.mfq .qa details[open] summary::after{content:\"\\2013\"}.mfq .qa details:hover summary{color:#3568e0}.mfq .qa .a{font:16px\/1.7 \"Gilroy regular\",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#454e5e;padding:0 26px 24px}.mfq .qa .a a{color:#3568e0}@media(max-width:680px){.mfq .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}.mfq .qa .a{padding:0 14px 20px}}<\/style>\r\n\r\n\r\n<section class=\"mfq\"><h2>Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2><div class=\"qa\"><details open><summary>What is a suspected unapproved part?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">A suspected unapproved part is a part that a person, for any reason, believes is not approved for use on a type-certificated product. The FAA lists warning signs such as odd finish, size or colour, missing or improper identification, altered or missing paperwork, parts sold under a production approval that was never issued, and life-limited parts misrepresented as new.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>What is FAA Form 8120-11?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">FAA Form 8120-11 is the Suspected Unapproved Parts Report, the standard form for telling the FAA about a suspect part. It asks for the part name, part and serial numbers and location, the supplier's details and purchase order, the intended aircraft or engine, why the part is suspect, and copies of documents such as the 8130-3, invoices and photos.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>How do you report a suspected unapproved part to the FAA?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">The FAA prefers reports through its FAA Hotline web portal. A report can also be made by calling 866-TELL-FAA (866-835-5322) or by mailing a completed Form 8120-11 with supporting documents to the FAA's Office of Whistleblower Protection and Aviation Safety Investigation in Washington. Reports may be anonymous, but a name lets the FAA follow up.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>What should a mechanic do with a suspected unapproved part?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">A mechanic who suspects a part is unapproved should quarantine it immediately: isolate it and do not install, alter, destroy or return it or its paperwork to the supplier. The FAA says to keep all purchase and airworthiness documents and photograph markings and discrepancies. AC 21-29D suggests trying to resolve the doubt with the supplier before filing a report.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>What are the warning signs of a bogus aircraft part supplier?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">FAA Advisory Circular 21-29D lists warning signs for unfamiliar suppliers: a price significantly lower than other distributors, a delivery time significantly shorter than others when stock is scarce, claims of an unlimited supply, and an inability to show documentation that the part was produced under an FAA approval or maintained under Part 43. None is conclusive on its own.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>What was the AOG Technics scandal?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">AOG Technics was a UK parts trader whose director, Jose Alejandro Zamora Yrala, sold more than 60,000 aircraft engine parts, mostly for the CFM56, with forged release certificates between 2019 and 2023. Safran exposed the scheme after an airline queried a part. He pleaded guilty to fraudulent trading and was jailed for four years and eight months in February 2026.<\/div><\/details><\/div><\/section>\r\n\r\n\r\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What is a suspected unapproved part?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"A suspected unapproved part is a part that a person, for any reason, believes is not approved for use on a type-certificated product. 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Safran exposed the scheme after an airline queried a part. He pleaded guilty to fraudulent trading and was jailed for four years and eight months in February 2026.\"}}]}<\/script><div style=\"background:#f0f4ff;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:16px 20px;margin:32px 0 8px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:600;color:#333\">Related Posts<\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/faa-form-8130-3-airworthiness-approval-tag-explained\/\">FAA Form 8130-3: The Tag That Does Not Let You Fit the Part<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/pma-parts-vs-oem-parts-manufacturer-approval-faa-explained\/\">PMA Parts vs OEM Parts: What the FAA Rules Actually Say<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/owner-produced-parts-faa-21-9-aircraft-explained\/\">FAA Owner-Produced Parts: Making a Legal Part for Your Aircraft<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/kf-16-counterfeit-iff-parts-fraud-korea-12-8-billion-won-2026\/\">KF-16 Counterfeit Parts: Korea Charges Five Over 12.8 Billion Won Fraud<\/a><\/p><\/div>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A bogus aircraft part rarely looks fake. How suspected unapproved parts are spotted, quarantined, reported on FAA Form 8120-11 and chased, and what the AOG Technics case showed.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":31504119,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[665],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31504262","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aviation-world"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Suspected Unapproved Parts: FAA Form 8120-11 | MiGFlug<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"How suspected unapproved parts are spotted, quarantined and reported on FAA Form 8120-11, how the FAA investigates, and what the AOG Technics case showed.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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