{"id":9649238,"date":"2026-08-05T10:06:58","date_gmt":"2026-08-05T08:06:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/d-558-2-skyrocket-crossfield-first-mach-2\/"},"modified":"2026-08-05T10:20:50","modified_gmt":"2026-08-05T08:20:50","slug":"d-558-2-cohete-cruzado-primer-mach-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/es\/d-558-2-skyrocket-crossfield-first-mach-2\/","title":{"rendered":"El hombre que duplic\u00f3 por primera vez la velocidad del sonido."},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.et_pb_title_container h1.entry-title { padding-top: 40px !important; }<\/style><p>Casi todo el mundo sabe que Chuck Yeager fue el primero en romper la barrera del sonido. Sin embargo, muchos menos conocen al hombre que vol\u00f3 por primera vez al doble de la velocidad del sonido. Se trataba de Scott Crossfield, quien lo logr\u00f3 el 20 de noviembre de 1953 en un elegante avi\u00f3n cohete blanco como la nieve llamado Douglas D-558-2 Skyrocket.<\/p><p>Fue uno de los intentos de r\u00e9cord m\u00e1s deliberados de la historia de la aviaci\u00f3n: una carrera meticulosamente planificada para alcanzar Mach 2 antes de que el calendario, y la Fuerza A\u00e9rea, pudieran adelant\u00e1rsele.<\/p>\r\n<div style=\"background:#f5f5f5;padding:20px 24px;margin:24px 0;border-radius:8px;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 10px;font-weight:700;font-size:18px;color:#333\">Datos r\u00e1pidos<\/p><ul style=\"margin:0;padding-left:18px;line-height:1.8;color:#333\"><li><strong>Aeronave:<\/strong> Douglas D-558-2 Skyrocket: avi\u00f3n de investigaci\u00f3n de cohetes con alas en flecha<\/li><li><strong>Piloto:<\/strong> A. Scott Crossfield (NACA)<\/li><li><strong>Primer Mach 2:<\/strong> 20 de noviembre de 1953 \u2014 Mach 2,005 (1291 mph) a 62 000 pies<\/li><li><strong>Lanzamiento:<\/strong> Lanzado desde el aire desde un P2B (B-29) de la Armada a 32.000 pies de altura.<\/li><li><strong>Construido:<\/strong> Tres cohetes Skyrockets, 313 vuelos de investigaci\u00f3n en total.<\/li><li><strong>S\u00f3lo una vez:<\/strong> Ning\u00fan Skyrocket volvi\u00f3 a volar m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de Mach 2.<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">Un cohete construido para aprender<\/h2><p>El Skyrocket fue un avi\u00f3n de investigaci\u00f3n conjunto de la Armada, la NACA y Douglas, construido para estudiar el comportamiento de las alas en flecha a medida que la velocidad aumentaba hasta superar la barrera del sonido. Al igual que el Bell X-1, era propulsado por cohete y lanzado desde el aire: un B-29 modificado de la Armada, denominado P2B, lo elevaba y lo soltaba, tras lo cual el piloto encend\u00eda el motor y planeaba hasta aterrizar sin motor en el lecho seco del lago Edwards. Se construyeron tres unidades, que en conjunto realizaron 313 misiones de investigaci\u00f3n.<\/p><p>Para 1953, el Skyrocket ya hab\u00eda explorado a fondo el vuelo supers\u00f3nico. Pero Mach 2 \u2014el doble de la velocidad del sonido\u2014 segu\u00eda sin alcanzarse, y la NACA lo deseaba, idealmente antes del 50 aniversario del primer vuelo de los hermanos Wright, que se conmemoraba ese diciembre.<\/p>\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img data-opt-id=872604102  fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:0e0_.b970\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:mauto\/ig:avif\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/08\/d-558-2-skyrocket-jato-takeoff.jpg\" alt=\"El Douglas D-558-2 Skyrocket despegando\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block;border-radius:6px\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">Un Douglas D-558-2 Skyrocket. La mayor\u00eda de los vuelos de investigaci\u00f3n se realizaban con lanzamiento a\u00e9reo, pero este modelo tambi\u00e9n pod\u00eda despegar por sus propios medios con la ayuda de un cohete. Foto: NASA \/ Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">Ingenier\u00eda que a\u00f1ade una fracci\u00f3n extra de Mach<\/h2><p>Para que el Skyrocket alcanzara Mach 2 se necesit\u00f3 algo m\u00e1s que valent\u00eda; se requiri\u00f3 una preparaci\u00f3n casi obsesiva. El equipo de Crossfield encer\u00f3 y sell\u00f3 la estructura del avi\u00f3n para reducir la resistencia aerodin\u00e1mica, extendi\u00f3 las toberas de escape para mejorar la respuesta del tim\u00f3n y sobrecarg\u00f3 el dep\u00f3sito de combustible. Incluso esperaron a un d\u00eda fr\u00edo y ventoso, ya que las bajas temperaturas ayudaban a mitigar el intenso calentamiento aerodin\u00e1mico que generar\u00eda una carrera a Mach 2.<\/p><p>Tras ser dejado en tierra por el P2B a 32\u00a0000 pies, Crossfield encendi\u00f3 el motor y ascendi\u00f3 hasta los 72\u00a0000 pies, para luego iniciar un picado suave. A medida que el Skyrocket consum\u00eda combustible, se volv\u00eda m\u00e1s ligero y r\u00e1pido, y justo antes de que se agotaran los dep\u00f3sitos, super\u00f3 Mach 2,005, aproximadamente 1291 millas por hora. Fue la \u00fanica vez que un Skyrocket super\u00f3 Mach 2.<\/p>\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/K1nhF8ltBIM\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;border-radius:8px\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">El reacio poseedor del r\u00e9cord<\/h2><p>Chuck Yeager no iba a permitir que la agencia civil de la Armada conservara el t\u00edtulo en silencio. Tres semanas despu\u00e9s, el 12 de diciembre, llev\u00f3 el Bell X-1A a Mach 2.44, y estuvo a punto de morir cuando perdi\u00f3 el control por inercia. Pero Crossfield se le hab\u00eda adelantado. Fue, y sigue siendo, el primer ser humano en volar al doble de la velocidad del sonido.<\/p><p>Lo que distingu\u00eda a Crossfield era lo poco que le daba importancia. Un chico de granja del estado de Washington que aprendi\u00f3 a volar en lo que \u00e9l llamaba un peque\u00f1o y humilde campo, era ingeniero ante todo y nunca un showman.<\/p>\r\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7;display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:flex-start\"><div><em>\u201cUn pastizal adornado con dos hangares de aviones en ruinas.\u201d<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>A. Scott Crossfield<\/strong> \u2014 En el aer\u00f3dromo donde aprendi\u00f3 a volar, de \u201cAlways Another Dawn\u201d<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img data-opt-id=907213021  fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:0e0_.b970\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:mauto\/ig:avif\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/08\/d-558-2-skyrocket-front-view.jpg\" alt=\"Douglas D-558-2 Skyrocket\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block;border-radius:6px\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">El Douglas D-558-2 Skyrocket. Se construyeron tres unidades; una de ellas hizo historia en un solo picado. Foto: Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n<p>Fue igualmente directo al hablar de la mitolog\u00eda que surgi\u00f3 en torno a los pilotos de pruebas: esa &quot;materia prima&quot; que m\u00e1s tarde los convertir\u00eda en leyendas.<\/p>\r\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #1565c0;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7;display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:flex-start\"><div><em>\u201cEs una profesi\u00f3n como cualquier otra. En mi opini\u00f3n, deber\u00edamos despojarnos de la idea de que ciertas personas son h\u00e9roes, porque en realidad no existen.\u201d<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>A. Scott Crossfield<\/strong> \u2014 Sobre el misticismo de los pilotos de pruebas<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">El camino hacia el X-15<\/h2><p>En 1955, Crossfield dej\u00f3 la NACA para convertirse en piloto jefe de pruebas de ingenier\u00eda de North American Aviation, donde ayud\u00f3 a dise\u00f1ar y luego a pilotar el X-15. Realiz\u00f3 su primer planeo y sus primeros vuelos propulsados, y sobrevivi\u00f3 a un aterrizaje tan brusco que la aeronave se parti\u00f3 por la mitad. \u00c9l dio forma a la m\u00e1quina que volar\u00eda hasta el l\u00edmite del espacio.<\/p><p>Muri\u00f3 en 2006, a los 84 a\u00f1os, cuando su peque\u00f1a avioneta Cessna se desintegr\u00f3 en una tormenta el\u00e9ctrica sobre Georgia; un final tranquilo e ir\u00f3nico para un hombre que hab\u00eda viajado en cohetes hasta los l\u00edmites de lo conocido. Pero el r\u00e9cord sigue vigente: antes de que nadie alcanzara Mach 3 o los confines del espacio, Scott Crossfield duplic\u00f3 la velocidad del sonido en un avi\u00f3n cohete blanco, en una fr\u00eda ma\u00f1ana, bajo sus propias y cuidadosas condiciones.<\/p>\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/E_Js62_wjhM\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;border-radius:8px\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/89p2SsheK6U\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;border-radius:8px\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\r\n<p><em>Fuentes: Museo Nacional del Aire y el Espacio Smithsonian; NASA; HistoryNet \/ Aviation History; A. Scott Crossfield, \u201cAlways Another Dawn\u201d.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\r\n<div style=\"background:#f0f4ff;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:16px 20px;margin:32px 0 8px;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:600;color:#333\">Publicaciones relacionadas<\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/es\/campana-x-2-starbuster-mach-3-apt-kincheloe\/\">Mach 3 y el precio que pag\u00f3 el X-2<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/es\/douglas-x-3-stiletto-mach-2-research-jet-too-slow\/\">Dise\u00f1ado para Mach 2, demasiado lento para llegar all\u00ed.<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/es\/x-31-efm-crash-1995-pitot-icing-edwards\/\">C\u00f3mo medio cent\u00edmetro de hielo destruy\u00f3 el X-31<\/a><\/p><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Almost everyone can tell you that Chuck Yeager was first to break the sound barrier. Far fewer can name the man who first flew at twice the speed of sound. He was Scott Crossfield, and he did it on November 20, 1953, in a sleek, snow-white rocket plane called the Douglas D-558-2 Skyrocket. It was [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":9648942,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[666,664],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9649238","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history-and-legends","category-military-aviation"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>D-558-2 Skyrocket: First to Mach 2<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Scott Crossfield flew the Douglas D-558-2 Skyrocket past Mach 2 in 1953, the first human to double the speed of sound.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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