{"id":31508749,"date":"2026-11-06T17:27:49","date_gmt":"2026-11-06T16:27:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/?p=31508749"},"modified":"2026-11-06T17:57:47","modified_gmt":"2026-11-06T16:57:47","slug":"starship-heat-shield-tiles-reentry-flight-13","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/fr\/starship-heat-shield-tiles-reentry-flight-13\/","title":{"rendered":"How Starship&rsquo;s Heat Shield Works, and What Flight 13 Showed"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.et_pb_title_container h1.entry-title { padding-top: 40px !important; }<\/style>\n<!-- mfsh:top -->\n\n<style>\n.mfsh-trigger{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;height:44px;padding:0 18px;margin:0 0 26px;border:2px solid #0F1720;background:#fff;color:#0F1720;font-family:inherit;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;line-height:1;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none;cursor:pointer;box-shadow:none;transition:background .15s,color 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SpaceX&rsquo;s Starship does it belly-first, falling through the upper atmosphere at nearly orbital speed with a wall of hexagonal ceramic tiles facing the oncoming air. On Flight 13, on 24 July 2026, that wall held well enough for the ship to splash down in the Indian Ocean intact for the first time. Whether it can do so again and again, without weeks of repair in between, is still the central question of the programme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"background:#f5f5f5;border-left:4px solid #1a1a1a;padding:18px 22px;margin:24px 0\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:600\">Quick Facts<\/p><ul style=\"margin:0;padding-left:20px\"><li><strong>Flight:<\/strong> Starship Flight 13, second flight of the third-generation (V3) Super Heavy-Starship<\/li><li><strong>Launch:<\/strong> 24 July 2026, 21:51 UTC, Starbase, Texas<\/li><li><strong>Ship:<\/strong> Ship 40<\/li><li><strong>Splashdown:<\/strong> Indian Ocean, west of Australia, about 1 hour 5 minutes after launch<\/li><li><strong>Result:<\/strong> First Starship to remain fully intact after splashdown<\/li><li><strong>Booster:<\/strong> Hard splashdown in the Gulf after only part of its engines relit<\/li><li><strong>Heat shield:<\/strong> Hexagonal ceramic tiles on the windward side over a stainless-steel hull<\/li><li><strong>Afterwards:<\/strong> Ship towed to Christmas Island, later shipped back to Starbase in October 2026<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">Compression, Not Friction<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The popular idea is that a returning spacecraft is heated by friction with the air. Most of the heat actually comes from compression. At hypersonic speed the air in front of the vehicle cannot get out of the way, so it piles up in a shock wave just ahead of the surface and is squeezed so violently that its temperature soars. The gas becomes a glowing plasma, and that hot layer heats the vehicle by convection and radiation. Friction in the boundary layer along the skin contributes, but it is not the main source.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">Tiles Over Steel<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Starship is built from stainless steel, which tolerates heat better than the aluminium of the Space Shuttle but would still fail if exposed directly to re-entry. Its windward side is covered by thousands of hexagonal ceramic tiles. When SpaceX first showed them in 2019, a test video had them reaching around 1,650 kelvin, about 1,377&deg;C or 2,510&deg;F, the company&rsquo;s estimate of orbital entry temperatures. That is in the region where stainless steel itself begins to melt. The hexagonal shape was deliberate: as Elon Musk put it at the time, there is no straight path for hot gas to accelerate through the gaps.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Those gaps are the weak point. Hot gas that gets into the seams can reach the steel underneath, and earlier flights, including Flights 10 and 11, showed noticeably more tile loss and damage than Flight 13.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">What Flight 13 Showed<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Flight 13 lifted off at 21:51 UTC on 24 July 2026 after a 16 July attempt ended in a last-second abort. The ship deployed 20 Starlink V3 satellites, made a belly-first re-entry, flipped upright and made a rocket-powered splashdown northwest of Australia. For the first time, it stayed in one piece on the water with many of its cameras still working. The booster had a rougher day, splashing down hard in the Gulf after only some of its engines relit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Imagery showed minimal tile loss and damage compared with Flights 10 and 11. On 4 August Musk said on SpaceX&rsquo;s earnings call that he would &ldquo;consider the heat shield problem solved at this point.&rdquo; Not everyone agreed. Former NASA heat-shield researcher Dan Rasky and former astronaut Charles Camarda, examining the images, pointed to white streaks starting at tile boundaries, which suggest hot gas had got into the seams, as well as cracked tiles and broken edges. Rasky called the current thermal protection system &ldquo;a dead-end&rdquo; for missions that need full and rapid reusability.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">Getting the Ship Back<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SpaceX tried to tow Ship 40 to Western Australia, and on 7 August Musk wrote that recovery was not looking good in increasingly rough seas, though the team had already taken close-up photos of the heat shield and engines. The ship survived: it reached Christmas Island for inspection and in October 2026 was shipped back to Starbase, where some of its tiles were removed and reused. For engineers, a heat shield they can touch is worth far more than any number of drone pictures.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">What the Viral Post Gets Right<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The explanation going around is largely accurate: re-entry heat comes mainly from compressing the air rather than friction, Starship relies on hexagonal ceramic tiles over a steel body, gaps between tiles let hot gas in and leave white streaks, and Flight 13 splashed down in the Indian Ocean intact on 24 July 2026 while outside experts still saw cracked and chipped tiles. Two figures need correcting. The temperature SpaceX gave for re-entry is about 1,650 kelvin, or roughly 1,377&deg;C, not 1,650&deg;C. And Flight 13 was not an orbital re-entry at 17,500 mph: it flew a suborbital trajectory just short of orbit, as every Starship had until Flight 14.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Sources: Spaceflight Now (25 July 2026); Gizmodo, Ellyn Lapointe (28 July 2026); Space.com, Mike Wall (7 August 2026); Starlust (October 2026); Digital Trends, Georgina Torbet (29 March 2019); SpaceX and Elon Musk statements.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<!-- mfsh:bottom -->\n\n<button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-trigger mfsh-bottom\" data-mfsh-placement=\"bottom\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\"><svg><use href=\"#mfsh-i-share\"\/><\/svg>Share this story<\/button>\n\n<!-- \/mfsh:bottom -->\n\n\n<style>.mfq{margin:34px 0 8px}.mfq h2{font:26px\/1.3 \"Gilroy semiBold\",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;padding-top:22px;margin:0 0 6px}.mfq .qa details{border-top:1px solid #5C91FF;margin:0;padding:0}.mfq .qa details:last-of-type{border-bottom:1px solid #e2e7ee}.mfq .qa summary{cursor:pointer;list-style:none;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:16px;padding:22px 26px;font:18px\/1.7 \"Gilroy semiBold\",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117}.mfq .qa summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.mfq .qa summary::after{content:\"+\";font:24px Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#3568e0;flex:0 0 auto}.mfq .qa details[open] summary::after{content:\"\\2013\"}.mfq .qa details:hover summary{color:#3568e0}.mfq .qa .a{font:16px\/1.7 \"Gilroy regular\",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#454e5e;padding:0 26px 24px}.mfq .qa .a a{color:#3568e0}@media(max-width:680px){.mfq .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}.mfq .qa .a{padding:0 14px 20px}}<\/style>\n\n\n<section class=\"mfq\"><h2>Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2><div class=\"qa\"><details open><summary>Why does a spacecraft get hot during re-entry?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">A spacecraft re-entering the atmosphere heats up mainly because it compresses the air in front of it. At hypersonic speed the air piles up in a shock wave and is squeezed so hard that it becomes a glowing plasma, which heats the vehicle. Friction contributes, but it is not the main source of the heat.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>What is Starship&rsquo;s heat shield made of?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">Starship&rsquo;s heat shield is made of thousands of hexagonal ceramic tiles attached to the windward side of its stainless-steel hull. The hexagonal shape leaves no straight path for hot gas to rush through the gaps between tiles.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>How hot does Starship get on re-entry?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">When SpaceX first tested its tiles in 2019, it gave about 1,650 kelvin, roughly 1,377&deg;C or 2,510&deg;F, as the estimated orbital entry temperature. That is close to the temperature at which stainless steel begins to melt, which is why the steel needs the tiles.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>What happened on Starship Flight 13?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">Starship Flight 13 launched on 24 July 2026 from Starbase, Texas. The ship deployed 20 Starlink V3 satellites, re-entered belly-first and made a controlled splashdown in the Indian Ocean, becoming the first Starship to stay intact after splashdown. The Super Heavy booster made a hard splashdown in the Gulf after only some of its engines relit.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Did Starship&rsquo;s heat shield work on Flight 13?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">Largely, yes. Imagery showed minimal tile loss compared with earlier flights, and Elon Musk said he considered the heat shield problem solved. Outside experts including former NASA researcher Dan Rasky pointed to white streaks at tile boundaries, cracked tiles and broken edges, and argued the system is not yet suited to rapid reuse.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Was the Flight 13 Starship recovered?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">Yes, eventually. SpaceX towed Ship 40 through rough seas to Christmas Island and in October 2026 shipped it back to Starbase, where some of its heat-shield tiles were removed and reused.<\/div><\/details><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Why does a spacecraft get hot during re-entry?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"A spacecraft re-entering the atmosphere heats up mainly because it compresses the air in front of it. 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SpaceX towed Ship 40 through rough seas to Christmas Island and in October 2026 shipped it back to Starbase, where some of its heat-shield tiles were removed and reused.\"}}]}<\/script><div style=\"background:#f0f4ff;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:16px 20px;margin:32px 0 8px\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:600;color:#333\">Related Posts<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/faith-7-gordon-cooper-manual-reentry-mercury-atlas-9-1963\/\">Faith 7: How Gordon Cooper Flew His Mercury Capsule Home by Hand<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Starship hits the atmosphere at nearly orbital speed and the air in front of it turns to glowing plasma. A shell of hexagonal ceramic tiles keeps the stainless-steel hull alive. Flight 13 brought one back intact for the first time, but the tiles are still the hardest part of making Starship reusable.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":31515446,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[665],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31508749","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aviation-world"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How Starship\u2019s Heat Shield Works, and What Flight 13 Showed | MiGFlug<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Why re-entry heat comes from compression, not friction, how Starship\u2019s hexagonal tiles protect its steel hull, and what the Flight 13 splashdown revealed about them.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/fr\/starship-heat-shield-tiles-reentry-flight-13\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How Starship\u2019s Heat Shield Works, and What Flight 13 Showed | MiGFlug\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Why re-entry heat comes from compression, not friction, how Starship\u2019s hexagonal tiles protect its steel hull, and what the Flight 13 splashdown revealed about them.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/fr\/starship-heat-shield-tiles-reentry-flight-13\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Afterburner - 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