{"id":27998112,"date":"2026-10-14T10:38:25","date_gmt":"2026-10-14T08:38:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/hawker-hart-bomber-faster-than-raf-fighters-1930\/"},"modified":"2026-10-14T10:38:48","modified_gmt":"2026-10-14T08:38:48","slug":"hawker-hart-bomber-faster-than-raf-fighters-1930","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/hawker-hart-bomber-faster-than-raf-fighters-1930\/","title":{"rendered":"Hawker Hart: The 1930 Bomber That RAF Fighters Could Not Catch"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.et_pb_title_container h1.entry-title { padding-top: 40px !important; }<\/style>\r\n\r\n<!-- mfsh:top -->\r\n\r\n<style>\r\n.mfsh-trigger{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;height:44px;padding:0 18px;margin:0 0 26px;border:2px solid 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That was the problem facing the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/united-kingdom-royal-air-force\/\">Royal Air Force<\/a> at the start of the 1930s, and the aircraft that caused it was a sleek silver biplane from Sydney Camm's drawing board: the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hart\/\">Hawker Hart<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>The Hart entered RAF service with No. 33 Squadron in February 1930. With a production top speed of around 184 mph, it could outrun the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bristol-bulldog\/\">Bristol Bulldog<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/armstrong-whitworth-siskin\/\">Armstrong Whitworth Siskin<\/a>, the fighters that were supposed to stop it. In air defence exercises, the defenders often simply could not catch it.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f5f6f8;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:18px 22px;margin:26px 0\">\r\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 10px;font-weight:700;color:#0d1117;font-size:17px\">Quick Facts: Hawker Hart<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:3px 0;font-size:15px\"><strong>Role:<\/strong> Two-seat light day bomber<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:3px 0;font-size:15px\"><strong>Designer:<\/strong> Sydney Camm, Hawker Aircraft<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:3px 0;font-size:15px\"><strong>Prototype first flight:<\/strong> June 1928 (J9052)<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:3px 0;font-size:15px\"><strong>Entered service:<\/strong> February 1930, No. 33 Squadron RAF<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:3px 0;font-size:15px\"><strong>Engine:<\/strong> One Rolls-Royce Kestrel V12, about 525 hp<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:3px 0;font-size:15px\"><strong>Maximum speed:<\/strong> About 184 mph (296 km\/h)<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:3px 0;font-size:15px\"><strong>Crew:<\/strong> 2: pilot and observer\/gunner<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:3px 0;font-size:15px\"><strong>Armament:<\/strong> One forward-firing Vickers gun, one Lewis gun, up to 520 lb of bombs<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:3px 0;font-size:15px\"><strong>Built:<\/strong> Around 1,000 Harts (sources differ)<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:3px 0;font-size:15px\"><strong>Derivatives:<\/strong> Demon, Audax, Hardy, Hind, Hector, Osprey<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">A Bomber Built Like a Racer<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<p>In 1926 the Air Ministry asked for a new two-seat day bomber that was fast, all-metal and capable of 160 mph. Hawker, Avro and de Havilland submitted designs, and Fairey joined after protesting. Camm's answer was a single-bay biplane with a steel-tube fuselage and a Rolls-Royce Kestrel V12 engine, closely cowled to keep the nose as slim as possible.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>The prototype, J9052, first flew in June 1928 and reached 176 mph in level flight. In April 1929 it beat the Avro Antelope and the de Havilland Hound for the contract. The production Hart was even faster. When the prototype first flew, the fastest RAF fighter was the Gloster Gamecock, at about 153 mph.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7;display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:flex-start\"><div><em>&ldquo;Although designed as a bomber it had a performance superior to any fighter aircraft then in existence.&rdquo;<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>Royal Air Force Museum<\/strong> &mdash; collection entry for its Hawker Hart II, J9941<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0 6px\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/yLbm_OOj50k\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin:6px 0 24px;font-style:italic\">Rex's Hangar tells the story of the Hawker Hart, the bomber that no RAF fighter could catch.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">The Exercises the Fighters Lost<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<p>The embarrassing part came during the RAF's annual air defence exercises. According to Wikipedia, Siskins and Bulldogs often failed to intercept attacking Harts, and the Harts were sometimes told to limit their speed and height to give the fighters a chance. Historian John Rickard puts it even more bluntly about the 1931 exercises.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #1565c0;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7;display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:flex-start\"><div><em>&ldquo;The only aircraft capable of intercepting the Hawker Hart was another Hawker Hart.&rdquo;<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>John Rickard<\/strong> &mdash; historian, History of War (2007)<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>The RAF's solution was two-fold. In the short term, Hawker turned the Hart into a fighter: the Hart Fighter, later named the Demon, added a second forward gun and a supercharged Kestrel, and 305 were built. In the longer term, the RAF ordered a new single-seat interceptor from Camm, the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-fury\/\">Hawker Fury<\/a>, which became the first RAF fighter to exceed 200 mph.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/10\/hawker-hart-j9938-no-33-squadron-raf-1930.jpg\" alt=\"Hawker Hart J9938 of No. 33 Squadron RAF in 1930\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">Hawker Hart J9938 of No. 33 Squadron, the first RAF unit to fly the type, in 1930. Photo: San Diego Air &amp; Space Museum Archives, no known restrictions<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">The Family That Followed<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<p>The Hart turned out to be one of the most adaptable airframes of the inter-war years. Hawker developed it into the Audax for army co-operation, the Hardy for Iraq, the Osprey floatplane for the Fleet Air Arm, the Hind and Hector, and a dual-control Hart Trainer, needed because the RAF's existing trainers could not prepare pilots for an aircraft this fast. Harts were built by Hawker, Armstrong Whitworth, Gloster and Vickers, and under licence in Sweden and South Africa.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>Harts went to the Middle East during the Abyssinia crisis of 1935 and 1936 and served for years on the North-West Frontier of India. Four Swedish Harts flew as dive bombers with a volunteer squadron in Finland's Winter War of 1939 and 1940. The type was finally declared obsolete in 1943.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/10\/hawker-hart-i-k3045-raf-day-bomber.jpg\" alt=\"RAF Hawker Hart I K3045 day bomber\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">Hawker Hart I K3045. The slim, closely cowled nose around the Kestrel engine was a large part of the Hart's speed. Photo: San Diego Air &amp; Space Museum Archives, public domain<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">Where to See One<\/h2>\r\n\r\n<p>The Hart in the RAF Museum in London is G-ABMR, a Hart II that Hawker kept as a company aircraft and flew until 1971. It is painted as J9941, a serial it never actually carried in RAF service. A Hart Trainer, K4972, is also in the museum's collection. Standing next to either, it is hard to believe that this fabric-and-metal biplane once made an entire fighter force look slow.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0 6px\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/wIuQyKhSys4\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin:6px 0 24px;font-style:italic\">Period film of Hawker Harts of No. 12 Squadron at Andover in 1931.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0 6px\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/-_wtSUIVpXs\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin:6px 0 24px;font-style:italic\">A large formation of RAF Hawker Harts at the Hendon air pageant in the early 1930s.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><em>Sources: Wikipedia (Hawker Hart); Royal Air Force Museum; History of War (John Rickard); San Diego Air &amp; Space Museum Archives.<\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n<!-- mfsh:bottom -->\r\n\r\n<button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-trigger mfsh-bottom\" data-mfsh-placement=\"bottom\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\"><svg><use href=\"#mfsh-i-share\"\/><\/svg>Share this story<\/button>\r\n\r\n<!-- \/mfsh:bottom -->\r\n\r\n\r\n<style>.mfq{margin:34px 0 8px}.mfq h2{font:26px\/1.3 \"Gilroy semiBold\",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;padding-top:22px;margin:0 0 6px}.mfq .qa details{border-top:1px solid #5C91FF;margin:0;padding:0}.mfq .qa details:last-of-type{border-bottom:1px solid #e2e7ee}.mfq .qa summary{cursor:pointer;list-style:none;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:16px;padding:22px 26px;font:18px\/1.7 \"Gilroy semiBold\",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117}.mfq .qa summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.mfq .qa summary::after{content:\"+\";font:24px Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#3568e0;flex:0 0 auto}.mfq .qa details[open] summary::after{content:\"\\2013\"}.mfq .qa details:hover summary{color:#3568e0}.mfq .qa .a{font:16px\/1.7 \"Gilroy regular\",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#454e5e;padding:0 26px 24px}.mfq .qa .a a{color:#3568e0}@media(max-width:680px){.mfq .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}.mfq .qa .a{padding:0 14px 20px}}<\/style>\r\n\r\n\r\n<section class=\"mfq\"><h2>Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2><div class=\"qa\"><details open><summary>How fast was the Hawker Hart?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">The production Hawker Hart had a top speed of about 184 mph (296 km\/h). When it entered service in 1930, that made it faster than the RAF's front-line fighters, including the Bristol Bulldog and the Armstrong Whitworth Siskin.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Why could RAF fighters not catch the Hawker Hart?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">The Hawker Hart was simply faster than the Siskin and Bulldog fighters of the early 1930s. In air defence exercises the fighters often failed to intercept attacking Harts, and the Harts were sometimes told to fly lower and slower to give the defenders a chance.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Who designed the Hawker Hart?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">The Hawker Hart was designed by Sydney Camm at Hawker Aircraft in response to a 1926 Air Ministry requirement for a fast two-seat day bomber. Camm later designed the Hawker Fury and the Hawker Hurricane.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Which aircraft were developed from the Hawker Hart?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">The Hawker Hart led to a large family of related aircraft, including the Demon two-seat fighter, the Audax army co-operation aircraft, the Hardy, the Osprey naval floatplane, the Hind and Hector, and a dual-control Hart Trainer.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Where can you see a Hawker Hart today?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">The RAF Museum in London displays Hawker Hart II G-ABMR, painted as J9941, which Hawker flew until 1971. A Hart Trainer, K4972, is also part of the RAF Museum collection.<\/div><\/details><\/div><\/section>\r\n\r\n\r\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"How fast was the Hawker Hart?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The production Hawker Hart had a top speed of about 184 mph (296 km\/h). When it entered service in 1930, that made it faster than the RAF's front-line fighters, including the Bristol Bulldog and the Armstrong Whitworth Siskin.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Why could RAF fighters not catch the Hawker Hart?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The Hawker Hart was simply faster than the Siskin and Bulldog fighters of the early 1930s. 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Camm later designed the Hawker Fury and the Hawker Hurricane.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Which aircraft were developed from the Hawker Hart?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The Hawker Hart led to a large family of related aircraft, including the Demon two-seat fighter, the Audax army co-operation aircraft, the Hardy, the Osprey naval floatplane, the Hind and Hector, and a dual-control Hart Trainer.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Where can you see a Hawker Hart today?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The RAF Museum in London displays Hawker Hart II G-ABMR, painted as J9941, which Hawker flew until 1971. A Hart Trainer, K4972, is also part of the RAF Museum collection.\"}}]}<\/script><div style=\"background:#f0f4ff;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:16px 20px;margin:32px 0 8px\">\r\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:600;color:#333\">Related Posts<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/kurt-tank-focke-wulf-ta-152-high-altitude-fighter\/\">The Designer Who Outran Mustangs in His Own Fighter<\/a><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/faith-hope-charity-malta-gladiators-1940\/\">Three Biplanes Against an Air Force<\/a><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/fairey-gordon-nz629-last-surviving-restored-for-sale\/\">Fairey Gordon NZ629: The Last Survivor of an RAF Biplane Bomber<\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In 1930 the RAF&#8217;s new Hawker Hart bomber was faster than its fighters. Siskins and Bulldogs could not catch it, so Hawker built the Demon and the Fury.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":27997834,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[666,664],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27998112","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history-and-legends","category-military-aviation"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Hawker Hart: The Bomber RAF Fighters Could Not Catch | MiGFlug<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Hawker Hart bomber of 1930 was faster than the RAF&#039;s Siskin and Bulldog fighters. 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