{"id":30121502,"date":"2026-10-29T12:26:31","date_gmt":"2026-10-29T11:26:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/ia-drang-1965-lz-x-ray-huey-pilots-crandall-freeman\/"},"modified":"2026-10-29T12:26:50","modified_gmt":"2026-10-29T11:26:50","slug":"ia-drang-1965-lz-x-ray-huey-pilots-crandall-freeman","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/ia-drang-1965-lz-x-ray-huey-pilots-crandall-freeman\/","title":{"rendered":"Ia Drang 1965: The Huey Pilots Who Kept Flying Into LZ X-Ray"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style>.et_pb_title_container h1.entry-title { padding-top: 40px !important; }<\/style>\n\n\n<!-- mfsh:top -->\n\n<style>\n.mfsh-trigger{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;height:44px;padding:0 18px;margin:0 0 26px;border:2px solid 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North Vietnamese machine guns covered it from the slopes of the Chu Pong massif. The medical evacuation helicopters would not go in. Two unarmed <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\">UH-1D Huey<\/a> transports did, again and again, until there was nobody left to carry out.<\/p>\n\n<p>Their pilots were Major Bruce Crandall, call sign Ancient Serpent 6, and his wingman, Captain Ed \"Too Tall\" Freeman. Between them, according to the Army and to President George W. Bush's later account, they evacuated some 70 wounded soldiers and flew in the ammunition and water that kept a surrounded American battalion alive.<\/p>\n\n<p>Both men eventually received the Medal of Honor, Freeman in 2001 and Crandall in 2007. It took the Army more than 35 years to get there. Crandall, the last of the two, died on 31 May 2026 at the age of 93.<\/p>\n\n<div style=\"background:#f4f6f9;border:1px solid #e2e7ee;padding:18px 22px;margin:22px 0 26px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:700;color:#0d1117\">Quick Facts<\/p><ul style=\"margin:0;padding-left:18px\"><li style=\"margin:4px 0\"><strong>Battle:<\/strong> Ia Drang, Central Highlands, South Vietnam, 14 to 18 November 1965<\/li><li style=\"margin:4px 0\"><strong>Landing zone:<\/strong> LZ X-Ray, at the foot of the Chu Pong massif, fought 14 to 16 November<\/li><li style=\"margin:4px 0\"><strong>Unit:<\/strong> Company A, 229th Assault Helicopter Battalion, 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile)<\/li><li style=\"margin:4px 0\"><strong>Aircraft:<\/strong> Unarmed Bell UH-1D Huey transport helicopters<\/li><li style=\"margin:4px 0\"><strong>Bruce Crandall:<\/strong> Major, flight commander, 22 flights on 14 November (Medal of Honor citation)<\/li><li style=\"margin:4px 0\"><strong>Ed Freeman:<\/strong> Captain, second in command, 14 rescue missions, about 30 wounded evacuated (citation)<\/li><li style=\"margin:4px 0\"><strong>Wounded evacuated:<\/strong> Some 70 in total by the two pilots<\/li><li style=\"margin:4px 0\"><strong>Medals of Honor:<\/strong> Freeman 16 July 2001; Crandall 26 February 2007, both from President George W. Bush<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">The air cavalry goes to war<\/h2>\n\n<p>The 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile) was a new kind of army unit. It grew out of the 11th Air Assault Division, a test formation at Fort Benning, Georgia, where officers like Crandall had spent the early 1960s working out how to move infantry into battle by helicopter. In 1965 the idea went to Vietnam.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ia Drang was its first real test, and the first major battle between the US Army and the People's Army of Vietnam. It is remembered as the first large-scale helicopter air assault of the war, and also as the first time the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/b-52-stratofortress\/\">B-52 Stratofortress<\/a> was used in a tactical support role.<\/p>\n\n<p>On the morning of 14 November, Crandall's flight of 16 helicopters began lifting Lieutenant Colonel Hal Moore's 1st Battalion, 7th Cavalry, from Plei Me into a clearing roughly the size of a misshapen football field. Only about eight Hueys could fit in it at once, so roughly 450 men had to be shuttled in several lifts, each carrying a little less than a company.<\/p>\n\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0 6px\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/v4Tnz-3in5s\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin:0 0 24px;font-style:italic\">The American Veterans Center film on Bruce Crandall and his flights into LZ X-Ray.<\/p>\n\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">Landing into the guns<\/h2>\n\n<p>The early lifts were routine. On the fourth, the helicopters began taking fire. By the time they had refuelled and returned for the fifth, the North Vietnamese had X-Ray targeted. As Crandall and the first eight aircraft landed, the fire was so intense that the ground commander ordered the second group of eight to abort.<\/p>\n\n<p>According to President Bush's account at the 2007 ceremony, three soldiers on Crandall's own helicopter were killed and three more wounded on one of those flights. Instead of lifting off, he held the Huey on the ground in the line of fire so that four wounded men could be loaded aboard, then flew them back to safety.<\/p>\n\n<p>At that point his mission was finished. Moving wounded was the job of the dedicated medevac crews, who flew under their own rules. Crandall later explained that medevac pilots were not allowed to land until a landing zone had been \"green\", meaning not under fire, for five minutes. X-Ray was nowhere near green.<\/p>\n\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7;display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:flex-start\"><div><em>&ldquo;There was never a consideration that we would not go into those landing zones. They were my people down there, and they trusted in me to come and get them.&rdquo;<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>Bruce Crandall<\/strong> &mdash; as quoted by President George W. Bush at his Medal of Honor ceremony, 26 February 2007<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">Two unarmed Hueys<\/h2>\n\n<p>Crandall moved his base of operations forward to Artillery Firebase Falcon to shorten the flight to the landing zone, and asked for a volunteer to come with him. Ed Freeman stepped forward. Their helicopters were unarmed transports, not gunships.<\/p>\n\n<p>Freeman had already survived one famous fight. As a first sergeant in an Army engineer company that fought as infantry in Korea, he went through the Battle of Pork Chop Hill as one of only 14 survivors out of 257 men in the opening stages, and earned a battlefield commission. When he applied for flight training, he was told that at six feet four inches he was too tall to be a pilot. The nickname stuck for the rest of his career.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/10\/ia-drang-1965-lz-x-ray-huey-pilots-crandall-freeman-img1.jpg\" alt=\"Captain Ed &#x27;Too Tall&#x27; Freeman, US Army helicopter pilot, 1960s\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">Captain Ed 'Too Tall' Freeman, Crandall's wingman at LZ X-Ray. He flew 14 rescue missions into the landing zone. Image: Mississippi Armed Services Museum<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>All day the two Hueys shuttled between Falcon and X-Ray. In went ammunition, water and medical supplies. Out came the wounded. Every landing was into a small emergency landing zone within 100 to 200 metres of a perimeter where the infantry were holding off repeated attacks, and every approach was flown under fire.<\/p>\n\n<p>Crandall wore out aircraft as well as himself. President Bush said he flew three different helicopters that day, two of them so badly damaged that they could not stay in the air. Crandall's citation credits him with 22 flights, most under intense enemy fire, before he left the battlefield only after all possible service had been rendered to the infantry battalion.<\/p>\n\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7;display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:flex-start\"><div><em>&ldquo;Captain Freeman risked his own life by flying his unarmed helicopter through a gauntlet of enemy fire time after time, delivering critically needed ammunition, water and medical supplies to the besieged battalion.&rdquo;<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>Medal of Honor citation<\/strong> &mdash; Captain Ed W. Freeman, US Army, presented 16 July 2001<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<p>Freeman's citation records 14 separate rescue missions after the medevac helicopters refused to fly into the area, and an estimated 30 seriously wounded soldiers evacuated, some of whom would not have survived without him. His flights, it says, had a direct impact on the outcome of the battle.<\/p>\n\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0 6px\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kr7K52BBRoM\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin:0 0 24px;font-style:italic\">Combat footage from LZ X-Ray, November 1965, shared by author Mike Guardia.<\/p>\n\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">How many flights, how many men<\/h2>\n\n<p>The numbers from that day are not perfectly consistent, and it is worth being honest about why. Crandall's Medal of Honor citation gives 22 flights. In his 2007 remarks, President Bush said Crandall flew into X-Ray 14 times and that the two pilots spent more than 14 hours in the air. Freeman's citation gives 14 rescue missions. Some of the difference is simply what counts as a \"flight\": every trip out and back, or only the landings under fire.<\/p>\n\n<p>On the wounded, the sources agree more closely. The Army's 2007 announcement said the two pilots flew more than 70 casualties to safety, President Bush said some 70, and later reporting by the Association of the United States Army and Task &amp; Purpose uses the same figure. Freeman's share is put at about 30.<\/p>\n\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7;display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:flex-start\"><div><em>&ldquo;Without Crandall, this battalion would almost have surely been overrun.&rdquo;<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>The battalion commander at LZ X-Ray, Lt. Col. Hal Moore<\/strong> &mdash; as quoted by President George W. Bush, 26 February 2007<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<p>Moore made the same point in his own words to the Army before the ceremony: without Crandall's extraordinarily heroic effort that day, he said, \"we on that field would have gone down.\" The battle at X-Ray lasted until 16 November. Moore's battalion held.<\/p>\n\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">A medal 36 years late<\/h2>\n\n<p>Recognition came slowly. Crandall was first awarded the Distinguished Service Cross. Freeman's nomination for the Medal of Honor stalled against a rule requiring nominations within two years of the action, a time limit that was lifted in 1995.<\/p>\n\n<p>When Crandall learned that both pilots were being considered, President Bush later recounted, he asked for his own name to be withdrawn. If only one of them could have the Medal of Honor, he wanted it to go to his wingman. Freeman received it in the East Room of the White House on 16 July 2001, with Crandall in the audience.<\/p>\n\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0 6px\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/WdDYNI7V0co\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin:0 0 24px;font-style:italic\">The Medal of Honor Book video series on Ed Freeman and his flights into LZ X-Ray.<\/p>\n\n<p>Crandall's turn came on 26 February 2007, when his Distinguished Service Cross was upgraded and President Bush presented the Medal of Honor in the same room. Freeman was meant to be there too. He was snowed in, in Iowa, and missed it. He died in Boise, Idaho, on 20 August 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/10\/ia-drang-1965-lz-x-ray-huey-pilots-crandall-freeman-img2.jpg\" alt=\"UH-1 Huey helicopters of the 1st Cavalry Division&#x27;s 229th Assault Helicopter Battalion in Vietnam\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">UH-1 Hueys of the 229th Assault Helicopter Battalion, 1st Cavalry Division, the unit that flew the X-Ray lifts, photographed in Vietnam in 1965. Image: U.S. Army<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">We Were Soldiers<\/h2>\n\n<p>By then the battle had a much larger audience. Hal Moore and reporter Joseph Galloway, who was on the ground at X-Ray, told its story in the 1992 book We Were Soldiers Once... and Young. The 2002 film We Were Soldiers starred Mel Gibson as Moore, with Greg Kinnear as Crandall and Mark McCracken as Freeman.<\/p>\n\n<p>Hollywood compressed and dramatised the day, as Hollywood does. The essentials survived: a landing zone too hot for the medevac crews, and two transport pilots who decided that did not apply to them.<\/p>\n\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0 6px\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/6i4zLTiwTWA\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin:0 0 24px;font-style:italic\">The Operations Room reconstructs the fight at LZ X-Ray, the battle behind We Were Soldiers.<\/p>\n\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">The sound of rescue<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ia Drang set the pattern for the rest of the war. American units would rely on helicopters, artillery and air power, and North Vietnamese troops would try to fight so close that the firepower could not be used. The Huey became the war's workhorse, and for thousands of wounded soldiers, the sound of its rotor blades was the sound of rescue.<\/p>\n\n<p>Crandall flew a second tour, was shot down in January 1968 and broke his back, and retired as a lieutenant colonel in 1977. In retirement he spent years speaking to students across the country. The line he gave about X-Ray, quoted by the President in 2007, still sums it up better than any statistic: the men on the ground were his people, and they trusted him to come and get them.<\/p>\n\n\n<p><em>Sources: US Army Center of Military History (Medal of Honor citations), White House Office of the Press Secretary (remarks, 26 February 2007), Army News Service, Congressional Medal of Honor Society, Association of the United States Army, Task & Purpose, This Day in Aviation, Wikipedia (Battle of Ia Drang, Bruce P. Crandall, Ed Freeman, We Were Soldiers)<\/em><\/p>\n\n<!-- mfsh:bottom -->\n\n<button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-trigger mfsh-bottom\" data-mfsh-placement=\"bottom\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\"><svg><use href=\"#mfsh-i-share\"\/><\/svg>Share this story<\/button>\n\n<!-- \/mfsh:bottom -->\n\n\n<style>.mfq{margin:34px 0 8px}.mfq h2{font:26px\/1.3 \"Gilroy semiBold\",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;padding-top:22px;margin:0 0 6px}.mfq .qa details{border-top:1px solid #5C91FF;margin:0;padding:0}.mfq .qa details:last-of-type{border-bottom:1px solid #e2e7ee}.mfq .qa summary{cursor:pointer;list-style:none;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:16px;padding:22px 26px;font:18px\/1.7 \"Gilroy semiBold\",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117}.mfq .qa summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.mfq .qa summary::after{content:\"+\";font:24px Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#3568e0;flex:0 0 auto}.mfq .qa details[open] summary::after{content:\"\\2013\"}.mfq .qa details:hover summary{color:#3568e0}.mfq .qa .a{font:16px\/1.7 \"Gilroy regular\",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#454e5e;padding:0 26px 24px}.mfq .qa .a a{color:#3568e0}@media(max-width:680px){.mfq .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}.mfq .qa .a{padding:0 14px 20px}}<\/style>\n\n\n<section class=\"mfq\"><h2>Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2><div class=\"qa\"><details open><summary>What happened at LZ X-Ray in 1965?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">LZ X-Ray was the helicopter landing zone in the Ia Drang Valley where Lt. Col. Hal Moore's 1st Battalion, 7th Cavalry, was flown in on 14 November 1965 and surrounded by North Vietnamese troops. The fight lasted until 16 November and opened the Battle of Ia Drang, the first major battle between the US Army and North Vietnam's army.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Who were the Huey pilots at LZ X-Ray?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">The best-known Huey pilots at LZ X-Ray were Major Bruce Crandall, call sign Ancient Serpent 6, and his wingman Captain Ed 'Too Tall' Freeman of Company A, 229th Assault Helicopter Battalion, 1st Cavalry Division. Flying unarmed UH-1D transports, they brought in ammunition and water and evacuated some 70 wounded when medevac helicopters would not land.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>How many flights did Bruce Crandall make at Ia Drang?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">Bruce Crandall's Medal of Honor citation credits him with 22 flights on 14 November 1965, most under intense enemy fire, into and out of LZ X-Ray. President George W. Bush said Crandall flew three different helicopters that day because two were too badly damaged to stay in the air.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>How many wounded did Ed Freeman evacuate at LZ X-Ray?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">Ed Freeman's Medal of Honor citation says he flew 14 separate rescue missions into LZ X-Ray after medical evacuation helicopters refused to enter the area, evacuating an estimated 30 seriously wounded soldiers. Together, Freeman and Bruce Crandall are credited with evacuating some 70 wounded men on 14 November 1965.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>When did Bruce Crandall and Ed Freeman receive the Medal of Honor?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">Ed Freeman received the Medal of Honor from President George W. Bush in the White House East Room on 16 July 2001. Bruce Crandall received his on 26 February 2007, upgraded from the Distinguished Service Cross. Crandall had asked for his own name to be withdrawn so that his wingman would be honoured first.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Who played Bruce Crandall and Ed Freeman in We Were Soldiers?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">In the 2002 film We Were Soldiers, based on the 1992 book We Were Soldiers Once... and Young by Hal Moore and Joseph Galloway, Greg Kinnear played Major Bruce Crandall and Mark McCracken played Ed 'Too Tall' Freeman. Mel Gibson starred as Lieutenant Colonel Hal Moore.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Why did medevac helicopters not land at LZ X-Ray?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">Bruce Crandall later explained that medevac pilots at the time were not allowed to land until a landing zone had been free of enemy fire for five minutes. LZ X-Ray was under heavy and continuous fire on 14 November 1965, so the medevac helicopters stayed out and the transport pilots flew the wounded out instead.<\/div><\/details><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What happened at LZ X-Ray in 1965?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"LZ X-Ray was the helicopter landing zone in the Ia Drang Valley where Lt. Col. Hal Moore's 1st Battalion, 7th Cavalry, was flown in on 14 November 1965 and surrounded by North Vietnamese troops. 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LZ X-Ray was under heavy and continuous fire on 14 November 1965, so the medevac helicopters stayed out and the transport pilots flew the wounded out instead.\"}}]}<\/script><div style=\"background:#f0f4ff;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:16px 20px;margin:32px 0 8px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:600;color:#333\">Related Posts<\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/uh-1-huey-helicopter-vietnam-icon\/\">The Helicopter That Became the Sound of a War<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/hh-43-huskie-pedro-firefighting-rescue-helicopter-vietnam\/\">HH-43 Huskie: The Firefighting Helicopter They Called Pedro<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/a-1-skyraider-sandy-csar-vietnam-bernard-fisher\/\">He Landed in the Middle of a Battle<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/eric-slover-medal-of-honor-mh-47-chinook-night-stalker-venezuela-2026\/\">Eric Slover: The Night Stalker Who Held His Chinook Under Fire<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Share this story On the afternoon of 14 November 1965, the clearing called LZ X-Ray was the most dangerous patch of ground in South Vietnam. North Vietnamese machine guns covered it from the slopes of the Chu Pong massif. The medical evacuation helicopters would not go in. Two unarmed UH-1D Huey transports did, again and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":30105963,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[666,664],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30121502","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history-and-legends","category-military-aviation"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ia Drang 1965: The Huey Pilots of LZ X-Ray | MiGFlug<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Bruce Crandall and Ed Freeman flew unarmed Hueys into LZ X-Ray at Ia Drang in 1965 when medevac would not, saving some 70 wounded men.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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