{"id":32437822,"date":"2026-11-12T10:37:23","date_gmt":"2026-11-12T09:37:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/nanchang-q-5-fantan-a-5-china-attack-jet-nuclear\/"},"modified":"2026-11-12T10:40:42","modified_gmt":"2026-11-12T09:40:42","slug":"nanchang-q-5-fantan-a-5-china-attack-jet-nuclear","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/nanchang-q-5-fantan-a-5-china-attack-jet-nuclear\/","title":{"rendered":"Nanchang Q-5 Fantan: China&rsquo;s MiG-19 Turned Nuclear Strike Jet"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.et_pb_title_container h1.entry-title { padding-top: 40px !important; }<\/style>\n<!-- mfsh:top -->\n\n<style>\n.mfsh-trigger{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;height:44px;padding:0 18px;margin:0 0 26px;border:2px solid #0F1720;background:#fff;color:#0F1720;font-family:inherit;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;line-height:1;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none;cursor:pointer;box-shadow:none;transition:background 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The bomb did not separate from the aircraft.&rdquo;<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>Yang Guoxiang<\/strong> &mdash; PLAAF pilot, on the first attempt over Lop Nur on 30 December 1971, interviewed by Smithsonian Air &amp; Space<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Yang tried every release system he had. None worked. With fuel running down, he flew home and landed with the weapon still under his aircraft. A week later, on 7 January 1972, he tried again, and this time the bomb fell. The aircraft he flew was the Nanchang Q-5, a supersonic attack jet that China had built out of the bones of the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-19-farmer\/\">MiG-19<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div style=\"background:#f4f6f9;border:1px solid #e2e7ee;padding:18px 22px;margin:22px 0 26px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:700;color:#0d1117\">Quick Facts<\/p><ul style=\"margin:0;padding-left:18px\"><li style=\"margin:4px 0\"><strong>Type:<\/strong> Single-seat, twin-engined supersonic ground-attack jet<\/li><li style=\"margin:4px 0\"><strong>Origin:<\/strong> Derived from the Shenyang J-6, China&rsquo;s licence-built MiG-19<\/li><li style=\"margin:4px 0\"><strong>Chief designer:<\/strong> Lu Xiaopeng<\/li><li style=\"margin:4px 0\"><strong>First flight:<\/strong> 1965; deliveries from 1970<\/li><li style=\"margin:4px 0\"><strong>Engines:<\/strong> Two Wopen-6 turbojets (licence-built Tumansky RD-9)<\/li><li style=\"margin:4px 0\"><strong>Unusual feature:<\/strong> Internal weapons bay about 4 m long<\/li><li style=\"margin:4px 0\"><strong>Nuclear role:<\/strong> A Q-5 dropped a live nuclear bomb at Lop Nur on 7 January 1972<\/li><li style=\"margin:4px 0\"><strong>Built:<\/strong> Estimates range from about 1,000 to some 1,300<\/li><li style=\"margin:4px 0\"><strong>Export (A-5):<\/strong> Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Sudan; North Korea reportedly the first customer<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">A MiG-19 with a bomb bay<\/h2>\n\n<p>China was an enthusiastic user of the MiG-19, building it under licence as the Shenyang J-6 from 1958. That same year, the People&rsquo;s Liberation Army asked for a jet attack aircraft for close air support, and the job of designing it went to Lu Xiaopeng, who would later also design the J-12 lightweight fighter.<\/p>\n\n<p>The designation was <em>Qiangjiji-5<\/em>, attack aircraft number five. It kept the J-6&rsquo;s two Wopen-6 turbojets, licence-built Tumansky RD-9s, but little else looked the same. The fuselage was longer and area-ruled to cut transonic drag. The intakes moved from the nose to the fuselage sides, freeing the nose for a target radar that was never actually fitted. The wings were larger and less swept.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/11\/nanchang-q-5-military-museum-beijing.jpg\" alt=\"A white Nanchang Q-5 attack jet with side intakes displayed on a plinth in the Military Museum of the Chinese People&rsquo;s Revolution in Beijing\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">A Q-5 on display in the Military Museum of the Chinese People&rsquo;s Revolution in Beijing. The side intakes and long nose are the clearest differences from the J-6 it was derived from. Photo: <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Q-5_in_Military_Museum_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Revolution_20170919.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tyg728 \/ Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>Most unusually for a fighter-sized jet, the Q-5 had an internal weapons bay about 4 metres long. It could carry up to 1,000 kg of bombs inside and the same again on external pylons. The redesign cost some speed at altitude, but at low level, where an attack jet earns its living, the Q-5 was about as fast as the J-6 it came from.<\/p>\n\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">Cancelled, rescued, and finally built<\/h2>\n\n<p>Production drawings were ready in 1960, but China&rsquo;s political upheavals caught up with the programme and it was cancelled in 1961. A small team kept the project alive until work restarted at Nanchang. The first Q-5 finally flew in 1965, series production was approved at the end of 1969, and deliveries to units began in 1970.<\/p>\n\n<p>Estimates of how many were built vary, from about 1,000 to some 1,300. Either way, the Q-5 became the People&rsquo;s Liberation Army Air Force&rsquo;s standard ground-attack jet for a generation. Later versions such as the Q-5I traded the bomb bay for extra fuel and added underwing pylons, and late upgrades brought laser rangefinders, head-up displays and the ability to drop laser-guided bombs.<\/p>\n\n\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0 8px\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/u4Z3IQ2Oh0w\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n<p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;font-style:italic;margin:0 0 24px\">Archive footage of PLAAF Nanchang Q-5 attack jets in service.<\/p>\n\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">China&rsquo;s tactical nuclear jet<\/h2>\n\n<p>The Q-5&rsquo;s most secret job was nuclear. After the bloody Sino-Soviet border clashes of 1969, the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/peoples-liberation-army-air-force\/\">PLAAF<\/a> wanted an aircraft fast and agile enough to deliver a small nuclear bomb against a Soviet armoured invasion, something its big, slow bombers could not do. A small number of Q-5s were modified to carry such a weapon.<\/p>\n\n<p>That is the mission Yang Guoxiang flew. After the failed release on 30 December 1971, Lop Nur&rsquo;s staff were evacuated while he brought the armed jet home. He later described the landing to Smithsonian <em>Air &amp; Space<\/em> magazine with remarkable calm.<\/p>\n\n\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #1565c0;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7\"><div><em>&ldquo;So I landed with the H-bomb hanging under me. It was a perfect landing.&rdquo;<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>Yang Guoxiang<\/strong> &mdash; On returning to base with the live weapon, to Smithsonian Air &amp; Space<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>On 7 January 1972, despite snow on the airfield, the bomb released cleanly. Yang called it an H-bomb; its yield has been estimated at up to about 20 kilotons. China&rsquo;s tactical nuclear programme for the Q-5 was later halted.<\/p>\n\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">Fantans for friends<\/h2>\n\n<p>NATO called the aircraft &ldquo;Fantan&rdquo;. For export it became the A-5, and it went to several of China&rsquo;s closest partners. The <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/korean-peoples-army-air-force\/\">Korean People&rsquo;s Army Air Force<\/a> is reported to have been the first export customer in the 1970s, although details of its fleet remain murky and some sources dispute it.<\/p>\n\n<p>The best-documented export was the A-5C, a version fitted with Western equipment on customers&rsquo; requests, including Martin-Baker ejection seats and the ability to carry Western weapons such as AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles and Durandal runway-cratering bombs. The <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/pakistan-air-force\/\">Pakistan Air Force<\/a> began receiving A-5Cs in 1983 and flew them until April 2011, when its last A-5 unit, No. 16 Squadron &ldquo;Black Panthers&rdquo;, converted to the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/jf-17-thunder\/\">JF-17 Thunder<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0 8px\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Bi9-jNv6MzE\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n<p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;font-style:italic;margin:0 0 24px\">Archive footage of Pakistan Air Force A-5C Fantans, which served from 1983 until 2011.<\/p>\n\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/bangladesh-air-force\/\">Bangladesh Air Force<\/a> also flew around 20 A-5Cs, and the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/myanmar-air-force\/\">Myanmar Air Force<\/a> took delivery of about two dozen in the late 1990s. In the 2000s the type went to the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/sudanese-air-force\/\">Sudanese Air Force<\/a>, which deployed A-5Cs to Darfur in 2007. Myanmar and Sudan are still reported to fly them.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/11\/myanmar-air-force-nanchang-a-5c-fantan-yangon.jpg\" alt=\"A camouflaged Myanmar Air Force Nanchang A-5C Fantan taxiing at Yangon Airport in 2005\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">A Myanmar Air Force A-5C Fantan at Yangon Airport in December 2005. Myanmar received about two dozen A-5Cs in the late 1990s. Photo: <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Myanmar_Air_Force_Nanchang_A-5C_Fantan_MRD-1.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">M Radzi Desa \/ Wikimedia Commons, GFDL 1.2<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">The end of the line<\/h2>\n\n<p>In China, the Q-5 was gradually replaced by the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/xian-jh-7\/\">Xian JH-7<\/a> through the 2010s, and the last PLAAF examples are generally reported to have been retired around 2017. Production had officially ended in 2012, more than half a century after Lu Xiaopeng&rsquo;s team first sketched an attack jet around a MiG-19.<\/p>\n\n<p>It was never a sophisticated aircraft. Its navigation and weapon-aiming systems lagged far behind Western types, and plans to modernise it with Italian and French avionics collapsed after 1989. But for a country building its first home-grown combat jet, the Q-5 was a remarkable piece of improvisation: a fighter turned into a bomber, a bomber with a nuclear role, and an export that outlived most of the MiG-19s it was born from.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Sources: Smithsonian Air &amp; Space (interview with Yang Guoxiang by Bob Bergin), MILAVIA, Air Forces Monthly (via MILAVIA)<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- mfsh:bottom -->\n\n<button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-trigger mfsh-bottom\" data-mfsh-placement=\"bottom\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\"><svg><use href=\"#mfsh-i-share\"\/><\/svg>Share this story<\/button>\n\n<!-- \/mfsh:bottom -->\n\n<p class=\"mf-photo-credits\" data-no-translation style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;font-style:italic;margin:6px 0 18px\">Header photo: <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:911_Nanchang_A-5_Taxiing_(8130250163).jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Faisal Akram \/ Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<style>.mfq{margin:34px 0 8px}.mfq h2{font:26px\/1.3 \"Gilroy semiBold\",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;padding-top:22px;margin:0 0 6px}.mfq .qa details{border-top:1px solid #5C91FF;margin:0;padding:0}.mfq .qa details:last-of-type{border-bottom:1px solid #e2e7ee}.mfq .qa summary{cursor:pointer;list-style:none;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:16px;padding:22px 26px;font:18px\/1.7 \"Gilroy semiBold\",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117}.mfq .qa summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.mfq .qa summary::after{content:\"+\";font:24px Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#3568e0;flex:0 0 auto}.mfq .qa details[open] summary::after{content:\"\\2013\"}.mfq .qa details:hover summary{color:#3568e0}.mfq .qa .a{font:16px\/1.7 \"Gilroy regular\",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#454e5e;padding:0 26px 24px}.mfq .qa .a a{color:#3568e0}@media(max-width:680px){.mfq .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}.mfq .qa .a{padding:0 14px 20px}}<\/style>\n\n\n<section class=\"mfq\"><h2>Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2><div class=\"qa\"><details open><summary>What is the Nanchang Q-5 Fantan?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">The Nanchang Q-5 Fantan is a Chinese single-seat, twin-engined supersonic ground-attack jet derived from the Shenyang J-6, China&rsquo;s licence-built MiG-19. Designed by Lu Xiaopeng, it first flew in 1965, entered service from 1970 and featured an unusual internal weapons bay about 4 metres long.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Did the Nanchang Q-5 carry nuclear weapons?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">Yes. A small number of Q-5s were modified to carry a tactical nuclear bomb. On 7 January 1972, PLAAF pilot Yang Guoxiang dropped a live nuclear bomb from a Q-5 over the Lop Nur test site, a week after an earlier attempt failed when the bomb would not release.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Which countries flew the Nanchang A-5?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">The export Nanchang A-5 served with Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar and Sudan, and North Korea is reported to have been the first export customer in the 1970s. Pakistan flew A-5Cs from 1983 until April 2011, when its last squadron converted to the JF-17 Thunder.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>How is the Q-5 different from the MiG-19?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">The Nanchang Q-5 kept the MiG-19&rsquo;s two engines but has a longer, area-ruled fuselage, intakes moved from the nose to the fuselage sides, larger and less swept wings, and an internal weapons bay. It was slower at altitude than the J-6 but about as fast at low level.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>When did China retire the Nanchang Q-5?<\/summary><div class=\"a\">China gradually replaced the Nanchang Q-5 with the Xian JH-7 through the 2010s, and the last PLAAF Q-5s are generally reported to have been retired around 2017. Production had officially ended in 2012. Myanmar and Sudan are still reported to operate export A-5s.<\/div><\/details><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What is the Nanchang Q-5 Fantan?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The Nanchang Q-5 Fantan is a Chinese single-seat, twin-engined supersonic ground-attack jet derived from the Shenyang J-6, China\u2019s licence-built MiG-19. Designed by Lu Xiaopeng, it first flew in 1965, entered service from 1970 and featured an unusual internal weapons bay about 4 metres long.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Did the Nanchang Q-5 carry nuclear weapons?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Yes. A small number of Q-5s were modified to carry a tactical nuclear bomb. On 7 January 1972, PLAAF pilot Yang Guoxiang dropped a live nuclear bomb from a Q-5 over the Lop Nur test site, a week after an earlier attempt failed when the bomb would not release.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Which countries flew the Nanchang A-5?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The export Nanchang A-5 served with Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar and Sudan, and North Korea is reported to have been the first export customer in the 1970s. Pakistan flew A-5Cs from 1983 until April 2011, when its last squadron converted to the JF-17 Thunder.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"How is the Q-5 different from the MiG-19?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The Nanchang Q-5 kept the MiG-19\u2019s two engines but has a longer, area-ruled fuselage, intakes moved from the nose to the fuselage sides, larger and less swept wings, and an internal weapons bay. 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Myanmar and Sudan are still reported to operate export A-5s.\"}}]}<\/script><div style=\"background:#f0f4ff;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:16px 20px;margin:32px 0 8px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:600;color:#333\">Related Posts<\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/shenyang-j-6-farmer-china-mig-19-f-6-pakistan-vietnam-drones\/\">Shenyang J-6: China&rsquo;s MiG-19 Copy, From Vietnam to Drones<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/nanchang-j-12-lightest-supersonic-fighter-china\/\">Nanchang J-12: Mao&rsquo;s Pocket Fighter for Guerrilla Air War<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/jf-17-thunder-pakistan-china-fighter-block-iii-explained\/\">JF-17 Thunder: The Pakistan-China Fighter That Keeps Finding Buyers<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<!--mfcred1-->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Nanchang Q-5 Fantan turned China&rsquo;s MiG-19 copy into a supersonic attack jet with a bomb bay, a tactical nuclear role and export customers from Pakistan to Myanmar.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":32437716,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[666,664],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32437822","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history-and-legends","category-military-aviation"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Nanchang Q-5 Fantan: China&#039;s Nuclear Attack Jet | MiGFlug<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Nanchang Q-5 Fantan: China&#039;s MiG-19-derived attack jet with an internal bomb bay, a 1972 nuclear drop and A-5 exports to Pakistan and Myanmar.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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