{"id":7707060,"date":"2026-07-29T09:13:36","date_gmt":"2026-07-29T07:13:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/witold-urbanowicz-303-squadron-china\/"},"modified":"2026-07-29T09:24:30","modified_gmt":"2026-07-29T07:24:30","slug":"witold-urbanowicz-303-squadrone-cinese","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/witold-urbanowicz-303-squadron-china\/","title":{"rendered":"Il polacco che combatt\u00e9 contro due imperi"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.et_pb_title_container h1.entry-title { padding-top: 40px !important; }<\/style><p>La maggior parte degli assi dell&#039;aviazione combatte un solo nemico. Witold Urbanowicz affront\u00f2 due delle forze aeree pi\u00f9 temute della storia: la Luftwaffe sull&#039;Inghilterra e l&#039;aviazione imperiale giapponese sulla Cina, e le sconfisse entrambe. Il pilota polacco comp\u00ec questa impresa mentre era in esilio da una patria che non avrebbe rivisto libera per mezzo secolo.<\/p>\r\n<p>La sua \u00e8 una delle grandi storie mai raccontate della Seconda Guerra Mondiale: un uomo che continu\u00f2 a trovare nuovi cieli in cui combattere e nuovi nemici da affrontare, anche molto tempo dopo che il suo paese era stato invaso.<\/p>\r\n<div style=\"background:#f5f5f5;padding:20px;border-radius:8px;margin:24px 0\"><h3 style=\"margin-top:0;padding-top:0\">Informazioni rapide<\/h3><ul style=\"margin:0;line-height:1.9\">\r\n<li><strong>Chi:<\/strong> Witold Urbanowicz (1908-1996), asso della lotta polacca<\/li>\r\n<li><strong>Battaglia d&#039;Inghilterra:<\/strong> comandava il 303\u00b0 squadrone (polacco) della RAF, una delle unit\u00e0 con il punteggio pi\u00f9 alto<\/li>\r\n<li><strong>Aeromobili:<\/strong> Hawker Hurricane; in seguito Curtiss P-40 in Cina<\/li>\r\n<li><strong>Vittorie:<\/strong> circa 17 confermati (circa 15 nella Battaglia d&#039;Inghilterra) \u2014 tra i migliori assi polacchi<\/li>\r\n<li><strong>Cina, 1943:<\/strong> vol\u00f2 con la 14\u00aa Air Force di Claire Chennault contro i giapponesi<\/li>\r\n<li><strong>Dopoguerra:<\/strong> Impossibile tornare nella Polonia comunista; si stabil\u00ec negli Stati Uniti.<\/li>\r\n<li><strong>Onorato:<\/strong> promosso generale da una Polonia libera nel 1995<\/li>\r\n<\/ul><\/div>\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">I polacchi che hanno salvato la situazione<\/h2>\r\n<p>Quando la Polonia cadde nel 1939, Urbanowicz fu tra i piloti che si rifiutarono di smettere di combattere. Guid\u00f2 i cadetti attraverso la Romania e la Francia, fino a raggiungere la Gran Bretagna. L\u00ec si un\u00ec al 303\u00b0 squadrone, composto da piloti polacchi, che sarebbe diventato l&#039;unit\u00e0 della RAF con il maggior numero di vittorie nell&#039;intera Battaglia d&#039;Inghilterra.<\/p>\r\n<p>I piloti polacchi possedevano una ferocia e un&#039;abilit\u00e0 che la RAF inizialmente sottovalut\u00f2. Urbanowicz assunse il comando nel settembre del 1940, dopo che il suo predecessore rimase gravemente ustionato, e guid\u00f2 l&#039;unit\u00e0 in prima linea, rivendicando per ben due volte l&#039;abbattimento di quattro aerei tedeschi in un solo giorno. Concluse la battaglia con circa quindici vittorie accreditate.<\/p>\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img data-opt-id=1668532902  fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:0e0_.b970\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:mauto\/ig:avif\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/07\/witold-urbanowicz.png\" alt=\"Witold Urbanowicz\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block;border-radius:6px\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">Witold Urbanowicz, l&#039;asso dell&#039;aviazione polacca che comand\u00f2 il 303\u00b0 squadrone nella Battaglia d&#039;Inghilterra. Foto: Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #1565c0;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7;display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:flex-start\"><div><em>\u201cSe non fosse stato per il magnifico contributo fornito dagli squadroni polacchi e per il loro impareggiabile coraggio, esito ad affermare che l&#039;esito della battaglia sarebbe stato lo stesso.\u201d<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>Maresciallo dell&#039;aeronautica Sir Hugh Dowding<\/strong> \u2014 Capo del Comando Caccia della RAF, sugli squadroni polacchi<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">Dalla Luftwaffe ai giapponesi<\/h2>\r\n<p>A questo punto la storia prende una svolta straordinaria. Mentre la guerra in Europa si protraeva, Urbanowicz fece qualcosa che quasi nessun altro asso europeo fece: nel 1943 si rec\u00f2 in Cina e pilot\u00f2 i P-40 Warhawk con la 14\u00aa Air Force di Claire Chennault, l&#039;unit\u00e0 nata dalle famose &quot;Tigri Volanti&quot;. Nel dicembre del 1943 si scontr\u00f2 con i caccia giapponesi e aggiunse al suo bottino le vittorie contro un aereo del Secondo Impero, diventando uno dei pochissimi piloti polacchi ad aver mai abbattuto un velivolo giapponese.<\/p>\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img data-opt-id=421988382  fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:0e0_.b970\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:mauto\/ig:avif\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/07\/303-squadron-pilots.jpg\" alt=\"Piloti del 303\u00b0 Squadrone\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block;border-radius:6px\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">Piloti del 303\u00b0 Squadrone (polacco) durante la Battaglia d&#039;Inghilterra, l&#039;unit\u00e0 della RAF con il maggior numero di vittorie nella campagna. Foto: Imperial War Museum \/ Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #d32f2f;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7;display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:flex-start\"><div><em>\u201cRivogliamo indietro la Polonia.\u201d<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>Witold Urbanowicz<\/strong> \u2014 Un asso polacco, sul destino della Polonia nel dopoguerra (tramite New Oxford Review, 2011)<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">Un eroe senza patria<\/h2>\r\n<p>La vittoria non port\u00f2 a Urbanowicz un ritorno a casa. La Polonia era caduta sotto il regime comunista e gli uomini che avevano combattuto con l&#039;Occidente erano guardati con sospetto; fu arrestato e perseguitato, e alla fine fugg\u00ec negli Stati Uniti, dove lavor\u00f2 nell&#039;industria aeronautica americana. Solo dopo il crollo del comunismo la sua nazione finalmente gli rese omaggio, promuovendolo a generale nel 1995, un anno prima della sua morte.<\/p>\r\n<p>Aveva combattuto per la Gran Bretagna, per l&#039;America e per una Cina libera, nelle cabine di pilotaggio di due continenti. Tutto ci\u00f2 che aveva sempre desiderato era l&#039;unica cosa che le medaglie non potevano restituirgli: la sua patria.<\/p>\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Le_SkpzZzLo\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;border-radius:8px\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/3SJ-5sEbHKk\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;border-radius:8px\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\r\n<p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;font-style:italic;margin-top:8px\">Fonti: Wikipedia; New Oxford Review; resoconti del 303\u00b0 Squadrone e dell&#039;American Volunteer Group \/ 14\u00aa Air Force. Il numero delle vittorie \u00e8 attribuito e, per quanto riguarda la Cina, \u00e8 oggetto di dibattito tra le fonti.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f0f4ff;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:16px 20px;margin:32px 0 8px;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0\">\r\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:600;color:#333\">Post correlati<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/roald-dahl-pilota-di-caccia-della-raf\/\">Prima di lavorare alla Fabbrica di Cioccolato, pilotava gli Hurricane.<\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Most fighter aces fight one enemy. Witold Urbanowicz fought two of history&rsquo;s most feared air forces &mdash; the Luftwaffe over England and the Imperial Japanese over China &mdash; and beat them both. The Polish pilot did it while exiled from a homeland he would not see free again for half a century. His is one [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":7705847,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[666,664],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7707060","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history-and-legends","category-military-aviation"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Witold Urbanowicz: The Ace Who Fought Two Empires<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Witold Urbanowicz led 303 Squadron in the Battle of Britain, then flew P-40s against the Japanese in China - a Polish ace in exile.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/witold-urbanowicz-303-squadrone-cinese\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"it_IT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Witold Urbanowicz: The Ace Who Fought Two Empires\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Witold Urbanowicz led 303 Squadron in the Battle of Britain, then flew P-40s against the Japanese in China - 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