{"id":9761303,"date":"2026-08-08T12:29:10","date_gmt":"2026-08-08T10:29:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/race-for-the-atomic-bomb-series\/"},"modified":"2026-08-08T14:10:29","modified_gmt":"2026-08-08T12:10:29","slug":"race-for-the-atomic-bomb-series","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/race-for-the-atomic-bomb-series\/","title":{"rendered":"La corsa alla bomba: una serie di approfondimenti"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.et_pb_title_container h1.entry-title { padding-top: 40px !important; }<\/style>\r\n<p><em>An Afterburner focus series in ten parts, inspired by Richard Rhodes&rsquo; masterpiece The Making of the Atomic Bomb.<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p>It is the biggest story of the twentieth century, and it is also, from start to finish, an aviation story. It begins with a refugee physicist at a London traffic light in 1933 and ends with a weather-reconnaissance B-29 catching radioactive dust over the Pacific in 1949. In between: the flight of Europe&rsquo;s Jewish scientists, a Christmas walk in the Swedish snow, commandos on skis above a Norwegian gorge, a secret city on a New Mexico mesa, the firestorms of Hamburg and Tokyo, a three-billion-dollar bomber, forty-three seconds over Hiroshima, and the spy who handed it all to Stalin.<\/p>\r\n<p>We have told it in ten parts, each a self-contained story, together a single arc. Read them in order, or jump to the chapter that pulls you in. Every part is built on verified sources, real quotes and period photography and film.<\/p>\r\n<div style=\"background:#f5f5f5;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;border-radius:8px;padding:20px 24px;margin:28px 0\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 10px;font-weight:700;font-size:17px\">Quick Facts: The Race for the Bomb, by the Numbers<\/p><ul style=\"margin:0;padding-left:20px;line-height:1.8\"><li><strong>16 years<\/strong> \u2014 from Szilard&rsquo;s traffic-light epiphany (1933) to the Soviet bomb (1949)<\/li><li><strong>$1,9 miliardi<\/strong> for the Manhattan Project; <strong>$3 billion<\/strong> for the B-29 that carried it<\/li><li><strong>~130,000<\/strong> Manhattan Project workers; <strong>~70<\/strong> scientists in Germany&rsquo;s program<\/li><li><strong>11<\/strong> Nobel-class physicists exiled by the Third Reich<\/li><li><strong>67<\/strong> Japanese cities burned before the atomic bombs fell<\/li><li><strong>21 days<\/strong> \u2014 from the Trinity test to Hiroshima<\/li><li><strong>4 years, 1 month<\/strong> \u2014 the lifespan of the American atomic monopoly<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">The Series<\/h2>\r\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;padding:16px 20px;margin:0 0 14px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;font-size:17px\"><strong>Part 1:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/rivoluzione-della-fisica-delle-reazioni-a-catena-di-szilard\/\">Moonshine: l&#039;idea nata a un semaforo<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:0;color:#555;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6\">R&ouml;ntgen&rsquo;s shimmering screen, the Curies&rsquo; glowing shed, Rutherford&rsquo;s bouncing shell \u2014 and the September morning in 1933 when a Hungarian refugee crossed a London street and saw the chain reaction.<\/p><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;padding:16px 20px;margin:0 0 14px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;font-size:17px\"><strong>Part 2:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/hungarian-martians-atomic-bomb-emigres\/\">I marziani fuggiti in America<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:0;color:#555;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6\">Szilard, Wigner, Teller, von Neumann: how Hitler&rsquo;s war on &ldquo;Jewish physics&rdquo; mailed the finest minds in Europe \u2014 and the bomb itself \u2014 to his enemies.<\/p><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;padding:16px 20px;margin:0 0 14px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;font-size:17px\"><strong>Part 3:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/nuclear-fission-discovery-1938\/\">Natale 1938: La scissione dell&#039;atomo<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:0;color:#555;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6\">A letter from Berlin, a walk in the Swedish snow, a calculation on scraps of paper \u2014 and the letter, the memorandum and the safe that carried fission from a forest to the White House.<\/p><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;padding:16px 20px;margin:0 0 14px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;font-size:17px\"><strong>Part 4:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/programma-tedesco-di-bombe-atomiche-acqua-pesante\/\">La bomba di Hitler si \u00e8 spenta su un altopiano ghiacciato.<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:0;color:#555;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6\">The Uranium Club, the poisoned graphite measurement, nine commandos at Vemork, the cave under the church at Haigerloch \u2014 and the hidden microphones of Farm Hall.<\/p><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;padding:16px 20px;margin:0 0 14px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;font-size:17px\"><strong>Part 5:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/test-della-trinity-project-di-manhattan\/\">Due miliardi di dollari, un&#039;alba nel deserto<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:0;color:#555;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6\">Groves and Oppenheimer, the Chianti under the Chicago stands, the Calutron Girls, the silver-wound magnets \u2014 and the light on the Jornada del Muerto.<\/p><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;padding:16px 20px;margin:0 0 14px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;font-size:17px\"><strong>Part 6:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/amburgo-dresda-tempesta-di-fuoco-attentati\/\">Tempesta di fuoco: Amburgo, Dresda e il turbine<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:0;color:#555;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6\">The Butt Report&rsquo;s one-in-three, Window over Hamburg, Black Thursday, the Dresden Historians&rsquo; Commission \u2014 how burning cities became a technique.<\/p><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;padding:16px 20px;margin:0 0 14px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;font-size:17px\"><strong>Part 7:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/b-29-development-battle-of-kansas\/\">Il bombardiere che \u00e8 costato pi\u00f9 della bomba<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:0;color:#555;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6\">Eddie Allen&rsquo;s last flight, the engine that ate itself, the Battle of Kansas fought outdoors at minus 19 degrees \u2014 the $3 billion aircraft of the atomic age.<\/p><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;padding:16px 20px;margin:0 0 14px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;font-size:17px\"><strong>Part 8:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/tokyo-firebombing-operation-meetinghouse\/\">Il raid aereo pi\u00f9 letale della storia non \u00e8 stato nucleare.<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:0;color:#555;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6\">LeMay&rsquo;s gamble, the flaming X over Shitamachi, the night of 9&ndash;10 March 1945, and the 67 cities that burned before the atomic bombs fell.<\/p><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;padding:16px 20px;margin:0 0 14px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;font-size:17px\"><strong>Part 9:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/hiroshima-nagasaki-atomic-missions\/\">Quarantatr\u00e9 secondi su Hiroshima<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:0;color:#555;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6\">The 509th, the Hollywood-premiere floodlights on Tinian, Kokura&rsquo;s luck, Bockscar on fumes \u2014 and the broadcast that ended the Second World War.<\/p><\/div>\r\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;padding:16px 20px;margin:0 0 14px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;font-size:17px\"><strong>Part 10:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/klaus-fuchs-soviet-atomic-spy\/\">La spia che diede la bomba a Stalin<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:0;color:#555;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6\">Klaus Fuchs, the teenager Moscow never paid, the Jell-O box, Venona, First Lightning \u2014 and the WB-29 that heard the starting gun of the arms race.<\/p><\/div>\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">Extensions<\/h2>\n<p>Four companion pieces extend the series beyond its ten-part arc:<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;padding:16px 20px;margin:0 0 14px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;font-size:17px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/produzione-di-aerei-durante-la-seconda-guerra-mondiale-allora-e-oggi\/\">Quando l&#039;America costruiva un bombardiere ogni ora<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:0;color:#555;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6\">A bomber every 63 minutes at Willow Run; 7&ndash;8 stealth bombers a year today. What the B-29&rsquo;s four-year sprint says about aircraft production then and now.<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;padding:16px 20px;margin:0 0 14px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;font-size:17px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/kyoto-spared-atomic-bomb-target-selection\/\">La citt\u00e0 in cima alla lista<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:0;color:#555;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6\">How the atomic targets were chosen: the Target Committee&rsquo;s cold criteria, Stimson&rsquo;s veto, the honeymoon myth \u2014 and why Kyoto was the only city its own death list saved.<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;padding:16px 20px;margin:0 0 14px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;font-size:17px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/tinian-north-field-largest-airport-wwii\/\">L&#039;isola che divenne una portaerei<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:0;color:#555;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6\">Tinian: six runways, eleven million cubic yards of coral, a B-29 airborne every 15 seconds \u2014 the largest airport in the world, built in a year.<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;padding:16px 20px;margin:0 0 14px\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;font-size:17px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/uss-indianapolis-atomic-bomb-sinking\/\">La nave che ha consegnato la bomba<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:0;color:#555;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6\">USS Indianapolis: the secret cargo, twelve minutes to sink, four days among the sharks \u2014 and the captain who paid for all of it.<\/p><\/div>\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">Where It All Led<\/h2>\r\n<p>The race did not end in 1949; it merely lost its finish line. The hydrogen bomb followed within three years, the missile age within ten, and the aircraft that fill this magazine \u2014 the interceptors, the reconnaissance jets, the bombers on permanent alert \u2014 were all children of the rivalry this series describes. If the story leaves you wanting the full version, Richard Rhodes&rsquo; The Making of the Atomic Bomb remains, four decades on, the definitive account and one of the great nonfiction books in the English language.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"margin:24px 0\"><div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/nAm_OPVeS4w\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;border-radius:8px\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;font-style:italic;margin:6px 0 0\">Where the series turns: original 1945 footage of the Trinity test, the moment the theoretical became real.<\/p><\/div>\r\n<p><em>Sources: each part of the series carries its own source list; the series as a whole is indebted to Richard Rhodes: The Making of the Atomic Bomb (1986) and Dark Sun (1995).<\/em><\/p>\r\n<div style=\"background:#f0f4ff;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:16px 20px;margin:32px 0 8px;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:600;color:#333\">Post correlati<\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/quasi-disastri-nucleari-serie-della-guerra-fredda\/\">Le notti in cui il mondo \u00e8 quasi finito<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/britains-v-bombers-three-aircraft-one-nuclear-mission\/\">Britain&rsquo;s V-Bombers: Three Aircraft, One Nuclear Mission<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/it\/b-29-jet-stream-tokyo-nakajima-1944\/\">Il vento che sferzava il B-29 sopra Tokyo<\/a><\/p><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Una serie di approfondimenti di Afterburner in dieci parti: la fisica, gli esiliati, i programmi rivali, le tempeste di fuoco, il B-29, Hiroshima e le spie che posero fine al monopolio.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":9761181,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[666],"tags":[675],"class_list":["post-9761303","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history-and-legends","tag-priority-1"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Race for the Atomic Bomb: A 10-Part Series<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The race for the atomic bomb in ten parts: the physics, the exiles, the rival programs, the firestorms, Hiroshima and the spies. 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