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col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt td.note{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td.note{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt td.note{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob-base{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob-base:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .ocx{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .ocx::before,#mfam .ocx::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .ocx::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open .ocx::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam .pq{margin:0;max-width:900px} #mfam .pq blockquote{margin:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-size:clamp(21px,2.6vw,28px);line-height:1.42;color:#fff;letter-spacing:-.2px} #mfam .pq blockquote:before{content:'\\201C';color:var(--blue);margin-right:2px} #mfam .pq blockquote:after{content:'\\201D';color:var(--blue);margin-left:2px} #mfam .pq figcaption{margin-top:20px;font-size:14px;color:#98a2b3;line-height:1.6} #mfam .pq figcaption b{color:#fff;font-size:14px} #mfam .pq figcaption span{display:block;color:#7c8697;font-size:13px} #mfam .pq figcaption a{color:#9db9ff;border-bottom:1px solid #3f4d6b} #mfam .pqrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:40px;max-width:1120px} #mfam .pqrow .pq blockquote{font-size:clamp(18px,2vw,21px)} #mfam .galgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:18px;margin-top:8px} #mfam .galgrid figure{margin:0;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .galgrid .gim{display:block;height:210px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .galgrid figcaption{padding:14px 16px 16px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .galgrid figcaption 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.satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero photo\">\n<div class=\"heroimg ph1\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/german-air-force\/\">German Air Force<\/a> &middot; Air base<\/div>\n<h1>B&#252;chel Air Base<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">Fliegerhorst B&#252;chel<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">Active (Tornado; converting to the F-35A; NATO nuclear sharing)<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>ETSB<\/b><span>ICAO<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>2,507 m<\/b><span>Runway<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1955<\/b><span>Opened<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>Active<\/b><span>Status<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"photocred\">Photo: Mark Kent \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0)<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Operator<\/b>German Air Force<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Bundesland<\/b>Rheinland-Pfalz<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Elevation<\/b>478 m<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Coordinates<\/b>50.1738 N, 7.0633 E<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>B&#252;chel Air Base: what it was built for and what flies there now<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<p>B&#252;chel sits at 478 metres in the Eifel hills, a kilometre east of the village it is named after and roughly twenty kilometres south of the Mosel. The French occupation authorities built the airfield in 1954 and 1955 and then never used it: they handed the site to the Bundesverm&#246;gensamt on 6 June 1955, it passed to Bundeswehr administration on 13 August, and the first 250 German soldiers arrived two days later. In the last months of the Second World War two V-1 launch positions had stood on the same high ground at the Lutzerather Eck, which is as close as the place came to a military history before 1955.<\/p>\n<p>The flying units came in 1957. Waffenschule der Luftwaffe 30 moved in from F&#252;rstenfeldbruck, bringing 72 Republic F-84F Thunderstreaks, three T-33s and two T-6s in October of that year; the school closed on 30 June 1958 and was redesignated Jagdbombergeschwader 33 the next day. Starfighters arrived from 28 August 1962 and flew until 30 May 1985, by which point the wing had logged 231,900 hours on the type. The Panavia Tornado replaced them in 1985 and is still there, forty-one years on, having passed 200,000 wing flying hours on 18 April 2019.<\/p>\n<p>What makes B&#252;chel the most argued-about airfield in Germany is what is stored in the hardened shelters. Since American weapons left Ramstein in the middle 2000s, B&#252;chel has been the only site in Germany associated with NATO nuclear sharing, and Taktisches Luftwaffengeschwader 33 is the only German flying unit trained for the mission. The German government neither confirms nor denies the presence of the weapons, and says so in a standard formula it repeats in every parliamentary answer. What is not in dispute is the United States Air Force unit that sits on the base to look after them: the 702nd Munitions Support Squadron, roughly 139 people, under the 52nd Fighter Wing at Spangdahlem.<\/p>\n<p>That has made the gate at B&#252;chel the longest-running protest site in the country. Peace groups have kept an annual presence there since 1996, cut and climbed the fences repeatedly, and produced a body of case law: at least ninety-nine people have been prosecuted since 1997, seventeen have taken constitutional complaints to Karlsruhe, and about thirteen have gone to prison. The base is meanwhile being rebuilt for the F-35A. Twenty-five Tornados decamped to N&#246;rvenich in June 2022 so the runway could be reconstructed; they came back in June 2026; the first German F-35A was formally handed over at Fort Worth on 18 September 2026, and the campus of hangars, workshops and operations buildings that will receive the type is still going up.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"sat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Satellite<\/div>\n<h2>B&#252;chel from above<\/h2>\n<div class=\"satfig\" id=\"satfig\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Enlarge the satellite view\">\n<div class=\"satimg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"B&#252;chel Air Base seen from above\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"satzoom\">Click to enlarge<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"satcap\"><b>One runway, 2,507 m of asphalt.<\/b><span>Imagery: Esri, Maxar, Earthstar Geographics and the GIS user community<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"satlb\" id=\"satlb\"><span class=\"satlbx\">Close<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"satbig\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"B&#252;chel Air Base seen from above, enlarged\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<style>#mfam .satimg{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=7.01978,50.16088,7.10688,50.18678\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=1600,743\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}#mfam .satbig{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=7.02239,50.15635,7.10427,50.19131\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=2048,1365\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}@media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=7.04311,50.16088,7.08355,50.18678\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=760,760\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}}<\/style>\n<div id=\"sat-data\" data-js=\"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\"><\/div>\n<p><script>(function(){var el=document.getElementById(\"sat-data\");var js=decodeURIComponent(escape(atob(el.getAttribute(\"data-js\"))));var sc=document.createElement(\"script\");sc.text=js;document.body.appendChild(sc);})();<\/script><section class=\"pqband\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"pqrow\">\n<figure class=\"pq\">\n<blockquote><p>Die Informationspolitik hinsichtlich der Nuklearstreitkr&#228;fte der NATO unterliegt aus Sicherheitsgr&#252;nden den verpflichtenden Geheimhaltungsregeln des B&#252;ndnisses, an die die Bundesregierung gebunden ist.<\/blockquote><figcaption><b>The Federal Government of Germany<\/b><span>standard answer to parliamentary questions on the weapons at B&#252;chel &mdash; &quot;NATO&rsquo;s information policy on its nuclear forces is subject, for security reasons, to the binding secrecy rules of the alliance, by which the federal government is bound&quot;<\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/dserver.bundestag.de\/btd\/19\/198\/1919884.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Bundestag Drucksache 19\/19884, 5 August 2020<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"pq\">\n<blockquote><p>Dieser Moment ist mehr als die &#220;bergabe eines innovativen Flugzeugs. Es ist der lebende Beweis f&#252;r die Kraft transatlantischer Partnerschaft und erfolgreicher Kooperation zwischen Deutschland und den USA.<\/blockquote><figcaption><b>Boris Pistorius<\/b><span>German Defence Minister, on accepting the first German F-35A at Fort Worth, 18 September 2026 &mdash; the aircraft that will take over B&#252;chel&rsquo;s nuclear role from the Tornado<\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmvg.de\/de\/aktuelles\/uebergabezeremonie-erster-f-35-kampfjet-6155772\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Bundesministerium der Verteidigung, 18 September 2026<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>B&#252;chel Air Base in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Location &amp; codes<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>ICAO<\/dt>\n<dd>ETSB<\/dd>\n<dt>Country<\/dt>\n<dd>Germany<\/dd>\n<dt>Bundesland<\/dt>\n<dd>Rheinland-Pfalz<\/dd>\n<dt>Coordinates<\/dt>\n<dd>50.1738 N, 7.0633 E<\/dd>\n<dt>Elevation<\/dt>\n<dd>478 m <span class=\"imp\">(1,568 ft)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Usage<\/dt>\n<dd>Military<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Runways &amp; facilities<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Runways<\/dt>\n<dd>1<\/dd>\n<dt>Designator<\/dt>\n<dd>03\/21<\/dd>\n<dt>Length<\/dt>\n<dd>2,507 m <span class=\"imp\">(8,225 ft)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Surface<\/dt>\n<dd>Asphalt<\/dd>\n<dt>Cavern hangars<\/dt>\n<dd>No<\/dd>\n<dt>Quick Reaction Alert<\/dt>\n<dd>None<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Command &amp; status<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Status<\/dt>\n<dd>Active<span class=\"gnote\">Tornado; converting to the F-35A; NATO nuclear sharing<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Operator<\/dt>\n<dd>German Air Force<\/dd>\n<dt>Opened<\/dt>\n<dd>1955<\/dd>\n<dt>Military use ended<\/dt>\n<dd>&mdash;<\/dd>\n<dt>Command<\/dt>\n<dd>Taktisches Luftwaffengeschwader 33<\/dd>\n<dt>Resident units<\/dt>\n<dd>5 current, 0 former<\/dd>\n<dt>Based types<\/dt>\n<dd>2<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"units\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Resident units<\/div>\n<h2>Who flies from B&#252;chel Air Base<\/h2>\n<div class=\"oob\">\n<div class=\"oob-base\"><span>Current<\/span><em>5 units<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Taktisches Luftwaffengeschwader 33<small>Tactical air force wing &middot; regular &middot; from 1958<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/panavia-tornado\/\">Panavia Tornado IDS<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-35-lightning-ii\/\">F-35A Lightning II<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Fliegende Gruppe TaktLwG 33<small>Flying group &middot; regular &middot; from 1958<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/panavia-tornado\/\">Panavia Tornado IDS<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Technische Gruppe TaktLwG 33<small>Technical group &middot; regular &middot; from 1958<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>&mdash;<\/dd>\n<dt>Fliegerhorstgruppe TaktLwG 33<small>Airfield group &middot; regular<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>&mdash;<\/dd>\n<dt>702nd Munitions Support Squadron<small>United States Air Force munitions squadron &middot; regular &middot; from 1996<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>&mdash;<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Aircraft types based here<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/panavia-tornado\/\">Panavia Tornado IDS<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-35-lightning-ii\/\">F-35A Lightning II<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"knownfor\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Claim to fame<\/div>\n<h2>What B&#252;chel is known for<\/h2>\n<div class=\"kfgrid\">\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">01<\/div>\n<h3>Germany&rsquo;s nuclear sharing base<\/h3>\n<p>B&#252;chel is the single German airfield associated with NATO nuclear sharing. No German government confirms what is there, but the physical infrastructure is visible and the analysts&rsquo; estimates are consistent.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">Eleven of B&#252;chel&rsquo;s hardened aircraft shelters are fitted with WS3 underground vaults, each able to hold four weapons &mdash; a capacity of 44. The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists estimated 10 to 15 B61 bombs actually present in 2023.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">02<\/div>\n<h3>An American squadron on a German base<\/h3>\n<p>The one piece of the story nobody disputes is the United States Air Force unit that lives at B&#252;chel to hold the keys. It is openly listed and openly manned.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">The 702nd Munitions Support Squadron, about 139 personnel, works under the 52nd Fighter Wing at Spangdahlem and shares the guarding of the weapons storage area with two German airfield security squadrons.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">03<\/div>\n<h3>The last German Tornado wing with the nuclear role<\/h3>\n<p>Taktisches Luftwaffengeschwader 33 has flown the Tornado since 1985 and is the only German flying unit trained and certified for the alliance nuclear mission.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">The wing reached 100,000 Tornado flying hours on 3 September 1999 and 200,000 on 18 April 2019; in May 2025 it held 46 of the Bundeswehr&rsquo;s 85 remaining Tornados.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">04<\/div>\n<h3>The longest protest in Germany<\/h3>\n<p>Peace groups have kept an annual presence at the gate since 1996, with blockades, go-ins and fence cuttings. The courts have been busy with it for a quarter of a century.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">At least 99 people have been prosecuted for B&#252;chel actions since 1997, 17 have filed constitutional complaints in Karlsruhe and around 13 have served prison terms &mdash; one American, Susan Crane, for 229 days from June 2024.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">05<\/div>\n<h3>The F-35A conversion<\/h3>\n<p>B&#252;chel is the base being rebuilt around Germany&rsquo;s first stealth fighter, and the reconstruction is a bigger job than the aircraft purchase looks.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">Germany ordered 35 F-35A in 2022; the first was handed over at Fort Worth on 18 September 2026, deliveries to Germany begin in autumn 2027, and the infrastructure programme at B&#252;chel is quoted at roughly two billion euros.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">06<\/div>\n<h3>Four years at N&#246;rvenich<\/h3>\n<p>To rebuild the runway the whole flying operation moved 120 kilometres north, and the wing spent four years as a guest of another wing.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">Twenty-five Tornados left for N&#246;rvenich in June 2022; the first two came home on 15 and 16 June 2026 after a runway reconstruction that also included shelter doors, exhaust channels and a new wide-area surveillance system.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"deep\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Go deeper<\/div>\n<h2>The long version<\/h2>\n<div class=\"deep\">\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">01<\/span><span>An airfield the French built and never used<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>The story starts with an administrative handover rather than an arrival. French occupation engineers laid out the field in 1954 and 1955 on farmland above the village of B&#252;chel, in the Cochem-Zell district of the Eifel, then passed it to the German federal property office on 6 June 1955 without ever basing an aircraft there. Bundeswehr administration took it over on 13 August and the first 250 German soldiers moved in on 15 August. Very few German military airfields were handed over that cleanly; most arrived with a French or British tenant already in residence.<\/p>\n<p>Flying began in 1957. Infrastructure work for Waffenschule der Luftwaffe 30 started in February, the first 140 soldiers arrived from F&#252;rstenfeldbruck on 12 July, the logistics tail followed on 6 August, and the aircraft &mdash; 72 Republic F-84F Thunderstreaks, three T-33s and a pair of T-6s &mdash; came in October. The school itself lasted barely a year. It closed on 30 June 1958 and the next day the same people and much of the same equipment became Jagdbombergeschwader 33, placed under NATO command that December.<\/p>\n<p>The wing&rsquo;s first Kommodore, appointed in November 1956 while the unit was still a weapons school at F&#252;rstenfeldbruck, was Walter Krupinski &mdash; a Wehrmacht fighter pilot with 197 claimed victories who went on to become a Luftwaffe lieutenant general and, in 1976, to lose his post over remarks about the Luftwaffe&rsquo;s wartime generation. The Bundeswehr&rsquo;s nuclear-mission wing was founded by a man whose own past is exactly what the tradition decrees of 1982 and 2018 were written to handle.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">02<\/span><span>What is actually known about the weapons, and what is not<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>Three categories of fact get mixed together in almost everything written about B&#252;chel, and they are worth separating. The first is what is officially published. NATO states in general terms that American nuclear weapons are forward deployed in Europe under nuclear sharing and that allied aircraft are assigned to deliver them. The United States Air Force lists the 702nd Munitions Support Squadron and its location. The Bundeswehr does not deny that Taktisches Luftwaffengeschwader 33 trains for the alliance nuclear mission, and German ministers have discussed the mission itself in parliament.<\/p>\n<p>The second is what is officially refused. Asked in the Bundestag about numbers, storage, handling or the details of the weapons, the federal government answers with the same sentence every time: the alliance&rsquo;s information policy on NATO nuclear forces is subject to binding secrecy rules by which the government is bound. It appeared in Drucksache 19\/19884 of 5 August 2020 and in the March 2021 answer to Die Linke, and it has appeared in answers about aircraft accidents at B&#252;chel too. This is not a denial. It is a refusal, and it is deliberate.<\/p>\n<p>The third is estimate. The work is chiefly that of Hans Kristensen, Matt Korda and their colleagues, published in the Nuclear Notebook in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists and by the Federation of American Scientists. Their 2023 assessment of nuclear sharing states that eleven protective aircraft shelters at B&#252;chel are fitted with WS3 underground vaults, that each vault holds up to four bombs, and that around ten to fifteen B61 weapons are actually there out of roughly one hundred in Europe at six bases in five countries. Kristensen and Korda&rsquo;s 2021 figure for B&#252;chel was about fifteen. Older work and much German campaigning material still say twenty.<\/p>\n<p>So the honest sentence is this: the American custodial unit is confirmed, the mission is not denied, the German government refuses to confirm or deny the weapons, and the number most often quoted comes from named analysts with a long and consistent record who are explicit that it is an estimate. Anybody who tells you the precise figure is either reading Kristensen or guessing.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">03<\/span><span>The gate: thirty years of protest, and the courts<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>Peace groups have kept an annual presence outside B&#252;chel since June 1996, and it has grown into the most persistent civil-disobedience campaign in Germany. The two strands that carry it are the international campaign &quot;B&#252;chel ist &#252;berall! atomwaffenfrei.jetzt&quot; and the local Initiativkreis gegen Atomwaffen; both were given the Aachener Friedenspreis in 2019. In 2016 and again in 2019 the campaign ran a twenty-week action presence under the slogan &quot;20 Wochen gegen 20 Bomben&quot;.<\/p>\n<p>The actions themselves are of a recognisable kind: blockades of the gate, symbolic die-ins, a peace concert played on the runway on 23 July 2018, picnics staged inside the perimeter, and repeated fence cuttings. On 10 July 2019 four activists &mdash; three Americans and a Dutch woman, aged between 26 and 75 &mdash; cut the new security fence and the old military fence behind it with bolt cutters bought for 15.99 euros, walked up the hillside and photographed themselves with banners before anybody noticed. They spent a night in cells and were released.<\/p>\n<p>The legal record is where the story becomes serious. At least ninety-nine people have faced charges since 1997, most for Hausfriedensbruch, and the Amtsgericht Cochem and the Landgericht Koblenz have handled dozens of them. Seventeen convicted defendants have taken constitutional complaints to the Bundesverfassungsgericht, arguing that international humanitarian law and the illegality of nuclear weapons justify the trespass; almost all were dismissed, and two remain undecided. Around thirteen people have served prison terms, usually replacement custody for unpaid fines.<\/p>\n<p>Some of the sentences are long by the standards of a trespass case. The American Susan Crane, convicted of a series of go-ins between 2018 and 2019, began a 229-day term in June 2024; the Dutch activist Susan van der Hijden served 115 days; Gerd B&#252;ntzly went to prison on 14 October 2024 for the same offence. Against that sits the acquittal of Hermann Theisen at the Amtsgericht Cochem on 6 February 2017 over leaflets calling on soldiers to blow the whistle on the weapons, a decision that became final.<\/p>\n<p>Public opinion has moved with events rather than with the campaign: polling before February 2022 ran heavily against keeping the weapons, and polling after the Russian invasion of Ukraine ran the other way. The gap is the whole German nuclear argument in two years.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">04<\/span><span>The year the Bundestag voted to send them home<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>The most-forgotten fact about B&#252;chel is that the German parliament has formally asked for the weapons to go. On 24 March 2010 CDU\/CSU, SPD, FDP and B&#252;ndnis 90\/Die Gr&#252;nen jointly tabled Drucksache 17\/1159, &quot;Deutschland muss deutliche Zeichen f&#252;r eine Welt frei von Atomwaffen setzen&quot;. Point five of its operative section asked the federal government to press, within the alliance and with the American ally, for the withdrawal of United States nuclear weapons from Germany. It was adopted on 26 March 2010 with the support of four parliamentary groups spanning government and opposition.<\/p>\n<p>It came out of the coalition agreement the CDU\/CSU and FDP had signed in October 2009, in which Foreign Minister Guido Westerwelle had insisted on a commitment to work for withdrawal. For about three years that was mainstream German policy in a way that is hard to remember now. Nothing happened. NATO&rsquo;s 2010 Strategic Concept and the 2012 Deterrence and Defence Posture Review reaffirmed the forward-deployed arsenal, the allies hosting weapons were not going to move alone, and German governments stopped pressing.<\/p>\n<p>The Zeitenwende reversed the politics entirely. In March 2022 the government announced it would buy the F-35A specifically to carry the nuclear mission after the Tornado, and in December 2022 it contracted for 35 aircraft. The 2010 resolution has never been rescinded; it has simply been overtaken. That is the kind of thing worth saying plainly on a page about this base, because the campaigners at the gate and the pilots inside it are both, in their different ways, arguing with the same parliament.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">05<\/span><span>Tornado out, F-35A in, and four years at somebody else&rsquo;s base<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>The conversion began as a construction project. Five separate programmes run at B&#252;chel: a complete reconstruction of the runway, an F-35 campus of hangars, workshops and operations buildings, new shelter doors and jet exhaust channels, an expanded wide-area surveillance system with vehicle barriers, and the energy and media supply to feed all of it. The cost has climbed from an original estimate under a billion euros to figures around 1.1 billion in German reporting and roughly two billion in the ministry&rsquo;s own 2026 statements, with completion pushed to 2027 and further work running beyond.<\/p>\n<p>Because the runway had to come up, the flying had to go. Twenty-five Tornados and their crews moved to N&#246;rvenich in June 2022 and stayed four years, flying the wing&rsquo;s missions, including its Operation Inherent Resolve reconnaissance commitments, from a borrowed base. The first two aircraft came home on 15 and 16 June 2026. It is one of the larger peacetime relocations the Luftwaffe has managed, and the fact that it worked is an argument for keeping more than one usable fighter airfield in the west of the country.<\/p>\n<p>The aircraft side is now moving fast. Boris Pistorius took formal delivery of the first German F-35A at Fort Worth on 18 September 2026, four years after the decision. The first eight aircraft stay in the United States for aircrew and technician training at Ebbing Air National Guard Base in Fort Smith, Arkansas; deliveries to B&#252;chel start in autumn 2027, initial operational capability is planned for the end of 2028, and full operational capability for 2029. The Tornado is due to fly at B&#252;chel until the end of 2030, which means roughly three years of two very different aeroplanes sharing one hillside.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>B&#252;chel, year by year<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1955<\/div>\n<p>6 June: the French hand the newly built airfield to the Bundesverm&#246;gensamt without ever having based aircraft there; it passes to Bundeswehr administration on 13 August and the first 250 soldiers arrive on 15 August.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1957<\/div>\n<p>12 July: the first soldiers of Waffenschule der Luftwaffe 30 arrive from F&#252;rstenfeldbruck; 72 F-84F Thunderstreaks, three T-33s and two T-6s follow in October.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1958<\/div>\n<p>30 June: the weapons school closes. The next day the unit is redesignated Jagdbombergeschwader 33, and in December it is placed under NATO command.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1962<\/div>\n<p>28 August: the first Lockheed F-104G Starfighters arrive.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1985<\/div>\n<p>30 May: the last Starfighter flight, after 231,900 hours on the type. The Panavia Tornado takes over the same year and with it the alliance nuclear mission.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1996<\/div>\n<p>June: the first of what becomes an unbroken annual peace-movement presence at the gate.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1999<\/div>\n<p>3 September: the wing reaches 100,000 Tornado flying hours.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2008<\/div>\n<p>30 August: around 2,000 people demonstrate outside the base, one of the largest single protests there.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2010<\/div>\n<p>26 March: the Bundestag adopts Drucksache 17\/1159, tabled jointly by CDU\/CSU, SPD, FDP and the Greens, asking the government to press for the withdrawal of United States nuclear weapons from Germany.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2014<\/div>\n<p>16 January: a Tornado of TaktLwG 33 crashes five kilometres from the base during a night approach; both crew eject.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2018<\/div>\n<p>23 July: activists hold a peace concert on the runway, the action behind a string of trials at Cochem and Koblenz.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2019<\/div>\n<p>18 April: the wing passes 200,000 Tornado flying hours. In July four activists cut through both perimeter fences with bolt cutters and are not noticed for some time.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2019<\/div>\n<p>The campaign &quot;B&#252;chel ist &#252;berall! atomwaffenfrei.jetzt&quot; and the Initiativkreis gegen Atomwaffen are awarded the Aachener Friedenspreis.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2022<\/div>\n<p>June: 25 Tornados move to N&#246;rvenich so the runway can be rebuilt. In December Germany contracts for 35 F-35A specifically to carry the nuclear mission after the Tornado.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2023<\/div>\n<p>31 March: civil gliding, which had used the runway at weekends, ends after the permit is revoked on 9 February.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2024<\/div>\n<p>4 June: the American activist Susan Crane begins a 229-day term for repeated go-ins, the longest sentence yet in the B&#252;chel cases.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2026<\/div>\n<p>15&ndash;16 June: the first Tornados return from N&#246;rvenich after four years away.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2026<\/div>\n<p>18 September: Boris Pistorius takes formal delivery of the first German F-35A at Fort Worth, Texas. Deliveries to B&#252;chel begin in autumn 2027.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"video\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">On film<\/div>\n<h2>B&#252;chel on film<\/h2>\n<div class=\"vidwrap\">\n<div class=\"vidfr\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/fpge3IydCXg\" title=\"Die Atombomber &mdash; neue Kampfjets f&#252;r die Bundeswehr\" loading=\"lazy\" allow=\"accelerometer; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<div class=\"vidcap\"><b>Die Atombomber &mdash; neue Kampfjets f&#252;r die Bundeswehr<\/b> phoenix, via YouTube.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"incidents\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Incidents &amp; stories<\/div>\n<h2>What happened here<\/h2>\n<div class=\"inc\">\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">10 July 2003<\/div>\n<h3>Tornado 44+40<\/h3>\n<p>The government&rsquo;s own answer to a Bundestag question about accidents at the nuclear weapons site lists four Tornado write-offs at or near B&#252;chel in a dozen years. The first of them was on 10 July 2003, when aircraft 44+40 was destroyed at the airfield. Asked in the same document about the safety implications for the weapons stored there, the federal government declined to answer, citing alliance secrecy rules. The answer is a good illustration of how the two subjects &mdash; ordinary flight safety and the nuclear mission &mdash; are kept in separate boxes in German official language.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/kleineanfragen.de\/bundestag\/18\/5765-tornado-abstuerze-am-atomwaffenstandort-buechel.txt\">Bundestag Drucksache 18\/5765<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">17 October 2006<\/div>\n<h3>Tornado 43+11<\/h3>\n<p>A second B&#252;chel Tornado was destroyed at the airfield on 17 October 2006, and a third, 45+37, on 23 March 2009. The parliamentary answer that lists them notes that the aircraft involved were between about 19 and 26 years old and that personnel error was cited as a cause in several cases. Nothing in the published record connects any of these accidents to the weapons storage area, and the crews&rsquo; fates are not given in the tabulated answer.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/kleineanfragen.de\/bundestag\/18\/5765-tornado-abstuerze-am-atomwaffenstandort-buechel.txt\">Bundestag Drucksache 18\/5765<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">16 January 2014<\/div>\n<h3>Down in the woods at 21:20<\/h3>\n<p>A Tornado of Taktisches Luftwaffengeschwader 33, aircraft 44+02, came down at 21:20 in unpopulated woodland about five kilometres north-east of the base during a night training approach. Both crew ejected successfully; one suffered minor injuries. The aircraft carried no weapons. The flight recorder was recovered and the investigation was taken up by the Luftwaffe&rsquo;s flight safety authority. The clean-up required the excavation and disposal of about 837 tonnes of contaminated soil, a figure later given to parliament. The aircraft was about 30 years old.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/augengeradeaus.net\/2014\/01\/bundeswehr-tornado-uber-der-eifel-abgesturzt\/\">Augen geradeaus!<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">23 July 2018<\/div>\n<h3>A concert on the runway<\/h3>\n<p>Activists of the B&#252;chel campaign got through the perimeter and performed a peace concert on the runway itself. It produced a run of prosecutions: Marion K&#252;pker, Stefanie Augustin and Margriet Bos were convicted at the Amtsgericht Cochem on 10 June 2020 and fined 30 daily rates each; a further group including Johanna Adickes, Sigrid Eckert-Ho&#223;bach and J&#252;rgen Ho&#223;bach and Frits ter Kuile appealed to the Landgericht Koblenz on 21 October 2021; an appeal specifically over the concert was heard in Koblenz on 4 February 2020. The defendants argued international humanitarian law; the courts convicted on trespass.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dfg-vk-rlp.de\/aktuell\/prozesse-wegen-aktionen-gegen-atomwaffen\/\">DFG-VK Rheinland-Pfalz<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">10 July 2019<\/div>\n<h3>Fifteen euros ninety-nine<\/h3>\n<p>Four activists &mdash; the Americans Susan Crane, 75, Ralph Hutchinson, 62, and Andrew Lanier, 26, and the Dutch activist Magriet Bos, 32 &mdash; cut through the new security fence and the older military fence behind it with bolt cutters bought for 15.99 euros, walked along the inside of the wire and up the hillside, and photographed themselves repeatedly with banners before being noticed. Four more decorated the outer fence. They were held overnight in cells and released. It was the second successful entry of that year, at a base whose new fence was costing over a million euros per kilometre.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aixpaix.de\/atomwaffenfrei\/buechel-20190711.html\">aixpaix.de \/ atomwaffenfrei<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">4 June 2024<\/div>\n<h3>229 days<\/h3>\n<p>Susan Crane, an American member of the Catholic Worker movement, began a 229-day replacement prison term in Germany for a series of go-in actions at B&#252;chel between 2018 and 2019, running to 19 January 2025. Susan van der Hijden of the Netherlands served 115 days over the same period. It is the longest custody yet handed down in the B&#252;chel cases and made Crane, on the campaign&rsquo;s own account, the first American woman imprisoned in Germany for a protest against the weapons. Around thirteen people have now served time.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dfg-vk-rlp.de\/aktuell\/prozesse-wegen-aktionen-gegen-atomwaffen\/\">DFG-VK Rheinland-Pfalz<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">June 2022 to June 2026<\/div>\n<h3>Four years as a guest<\/h3>\n<p>With the runway due to be rebuilt for the F-35A, twenty-five Tornados and the crews and technicians who fly and fix them moved to N&#246;rvenich in June 2022. The detachment flew the wing&rsquo;s full programme from there for four years. The first two aircraft flew back to B&#252;chel on 15 and 16 June 2026. It is a reminder of a practical point the F-35 debate tends to bury: a single-runway fighter base in reconstruction is a base with no flying at all unless somebody else has the concrete to spare.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/aerobuzz.de\/militar\/die-ersten-tornados-des-tlg-33-sind-nach-buechel-zurueckgekehrt\/\">Aerobuzz<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">18 September 2026<\/div>\n<h3>Handed over in Texas<\/h3>\n<p>Defence Minister Boris Pistorius accepted the first German F-35A at Lockheed Martin&rsquo;s plant at Fort Worth, alongside the Inspekteur der Luftwaffe, Generalleutnant Holger Neumann. The aircraft and the seven that follow stay in the United States for training; deliveries to B&#252;chel begin in autumn 2027, with initial operational capability planned for the end of 2028. Pistorius called the aircraft the sensor and control centre of tomorrow&rsquo;s air war and said Germany had heard the wake-up call.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bmvg.de\/de\/aktuelles\/uebergabezeremonie-erster-f-35-kampfjet-6155772\">Bundesministerium der Verteidigung<\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"map\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Location<\/div>\n<h2>B&#252;chel Air Base and its neighbours<\/h2>\n<div class=\"mapframe\">\n<div id=\"oobmap\" class=\"oobmap\" style=\"height:440px\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"legend\"><span><i class=\"dot\"><\/i> Active air base<\/span><span><i class=\"dot was\"><\/i> Closed or reserve<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Nearby base<\/th>\n<th>ICAO<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Based types<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr data-base=\"noervenich\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/noervenich\/\">N&#246;rvenich Air Base<\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">ETNN<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Eurofighter Typhoon, Panavia Tornado IDS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"ramstein\">\n<td>Ramstein Air Base<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">ETAR<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules, Boeing C-40, Learjet C-21<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"spangdahlem\">\n<td>Spangdahlem Air Base<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">ETAD<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">General Dynamics F-16C\/D Fighting Falcon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about B&#252;chel Air Base<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>What is B&#252;chel Air Base known for?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">B&#252;chel is the home of Taktisches Luftwaffengeschwader 33 and the only airfield in Germany associated with NATO nuclear sharing. It has flown the Panavia Tornado since 1985 and is being rebuilt for the F-35A. It is also the site of the longest-running civil-disobedience campaign in the country, at the gate every year since 1996.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Are there American nuclear weapons at B&#252;chel?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">No German or American government confirms it, and the federal government answers every parliamentary question on the subject with the same formula about binding alliance secrecy rules. What is published is that the United States Air Force keeps the 702nd Munitions Support Squadron at B&#252;chel, and that eleven of the base&rsquo;s hardened shelters are fitted with WS3 underground vaults with a combined capacity of 44 weapons. The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists estimated 10 to 15 B61 bombs actually present in 2023, out of about 100 in Europe.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How many nuclear bombs are at B&#252;chel?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Nobody outside the programme knows. The vault capacity is 44. The most recent published estimate from Hans Kristensen and Matt Korda is in the range of 10 to 15, and their 2021 figure was about 15. Older analyses and a great deal of campaign material still quote 20. Any page that gives you a single confident number is reporting an estimate as if it were a fact.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is the 702nd Munitions Support Squadron?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">It is a United States Air Force unit of roughly 139 people stationed at B&#252;chel under the 52nd Fighter Wing at Spangdahlem. Its job is the custody and maintenance of the American weapons held for allied delivery aircraft. Its presence and location are openly published, which is why analysts treat it as the firmest single piece of evidence about what B&#252;chel is for.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Did the Bundestag ever vote to remove the nuclear weapons from Germany?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. On 26 March 2010 the Bundestag adopted a motion tabled jointly by CDU\/CSU, SPD, FDP and B&#252;ndnis 90\/Die Gr&#252;nen asking the government to press within NATO, and with the United States, for the withdrawal of American nuclear weapons from Germany. It followed the 2009 coalition agreement and Foreign Minister Guido Westerwelle&rsquo;s push on the issue. Nothing came of it, and the 2022 decision to buy the F-35A for the nuclear mission went the other way. The resolution has never been rescinded.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>When will the F-35 arrive at B&#252;chel?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Germany ordered 35 F-35A in December 2022. The first aircraft was handed over at Fort Worth on 18 September 2026, but the first eight stay in the United States for training at Ebbing Air National Guard Base in Arkansas. Deliveries to B&#252;chel are planned for autumn 2027, initial operational capability for the end of 2028, and the Tornado is expected to fly there until the end of 2030.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why did the Tornados move to N&#246;rvenich?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Because B&#252;chel has one runway and it had to be completely rebuilt for the F-35A. Twenty-five Tornados moved to N&#246;rvenich in June 2022 and flew from there for four years, including the wing&rsquo;s reconnaissance commitments. The first aircraft returned on 15 and 16 June 2026.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Can you visit B&#252;chel Air Base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">No. It is an operational base with no public access and, given its role, unusually heavy security; a new perimeter fence costing over a million euros per kilometre has been going in since 2019. Civil gliding, which used the runway at weekends for decades, ended on 31 March 2023 when the permit was revoked. There is a permanent protest presence on the public road outside the main gate, which is where most visitors end up.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is B&#252;chel Air Base still an active military air base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. Active (Tornado; converting to the F-35A; NATO nuclear sharing). The German Air Force operates it as Taktisches Luftwaffengeschwader 33.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is the ICAO code of B&#252;chel Air Base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The ICAO code of B&#252;chel Air Base is ETSB. The airfield sits at 478 m above sea level in Rheinland-Pfalz, at 50.1738 N, 7.0633 E.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How long is the runway at B&#252;chel Air Base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">B&#252;chel Air Base has one runway: 03\/21, 2,507 m (8,225 ft), asphalt.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Which squadrons are based at B&#252;chel Air Base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">B&#252;chel Air Base currently hosts Taktisches Luftwaffengeschwader 33 flying the Panavia Tornado IDS, F-35A Lightning II; Fliegende Gruppe TaktLwG 33 flying the Panavia Tornado IDS; Technische Gruppe TaktLwG 33 flying the &mdash;; Fliegerhorstgruppe TaktLwG 33 flying the &mdash;; 702nd Munitions Support Squadron flying the &mdash;.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is B\\u00fcchel Air Base known for?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"B\\u00fcchel is the home of Taktisches Luftwaffengeschwader 33 and the only airfield in Germany associated with NATO nuclear sharing. It has flown the Panavia Tornado since 1985 and is being rebuilt for the F-35A. It is also the site of the longest-running civil-disobedience campaign in the country, at the gate every year since 1996.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Are there American nuclear weapons at B\\u00fcchel?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"No German or American government confirms it, and the federal government answers every parliamentary question on the subject with the same formula about binding alliance secrecy rules. What is published is that the United States Air Force keeps the 702nd Munitions Support Squadron at B\\u00fcchel, and that eleven of the base\\u2019s hardened shelters are fitted with WS3 underground vaults with a combined capacity of 44 weapons. The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists estimated 10 to 15 B61 bombs actually present in 2023, out of about 100 in Europe.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How many nuclear bombs are at B\\u00fcchel?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Nobody outside the programme knows. The vault capacity is 44. The most recent published estimate from Hans Kristensen and Matt Korda is in the range of 10 to 15, and their 2021 figure was about 15. Older analyses and a great deal of campaign material still quote 20. Any page that gives you a single confident number is reporting an estimate as if it were a fact.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the 702nd Munitions Support Squadron?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"It is a United States Air Force unit of roughly 139 people stationed at B\\u00fcchel under the 52nd Fighter Wing at Spangdahlem. Its job is the custody and maintenance of the American weapons held for allied delivery aircraft. Its presence and location are openly published, which is why analysts treat it as the firmest single piece of evidence about what B\\u00fcchel is for.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Did the Bundestag ever vote to remove the nuclear weapons from Germany?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. On 26 March 2010 the Bundestag adopted a motion tabled jointly by CDU\/CSU, SPD, FDP and B\\u00fcndnis 90\/Die Gr\\u00fcnen asking the government to press within NATO, and with the United States, for the withdrawal of American nuclear weapons from Germany. It followed the 2009 coalition agreement and Foreign Minister Guido Westerwelle\\u2019s push on the issue. Nothing came of it, and the 2022 decision to buy the F-35A for the nuclear mission went the other way. The resolution has never been rescinded.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"When will the F-35 arrive at B\\u00fcchel?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Germany ordered 35 F-35A in December 2022. The first aircraft was handed over at Fort Worth on 18 September 2026, but the first eight stay in the United States for training at Ebbing Air National Guard Base in Arkansas. Deliveries to B\\u00fcchel are planned for autumn 2027, initial operational capability for the end of 2028, and the Tornado is expected to fly there until the end of 2030.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Why did the Tornados move to N\\u00f6rvenich?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Because B\\u00fcchel has one runway and it had to be completely rebuilt for the F-35A. Twenty-five Tornados moved to N\\u00f6rvenich in June 2022 and flew from there for four years, including the wing\\u2019s reconnaissance commitments. The first aircraft returned on 15 and 16 June 2026.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Can you visit B\\u00fcchel Air Base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"No. It is an operational base with no public access and, given its role, unusually heavy security; a new perimeter fence costing over a million euros per kilometre has been going in since 2019. Civil gliding, which used the runway at weekends for decades, ended on 31 March 2023 when the permit was revoked. There is a permanent protest presence on the public road outside the main gate, which is where most visitors end up.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is B\\u00fcchel Air Base still an active military air base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. Active (Tornado; converting to the F-35A; NATO nuclear sharing). The German Air Force operates it as Taktisches Luftwaffengeschwader 33.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the ICAO code of B\\u00fcchel Air Base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The ICAO code of B\\u00fcchel Air Base is ETSB. The airfield sits at 478 m above sea level in Rheinland-Pfalz, at 50.1738 N, 7.0633 E.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How long is the runway at B\\u00fcchel Air Base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"B\\u00fcchel Air Base has one runway: 03\/21, 2,507 m (8,225 ft), asphalt.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Which squadrons are based at B\\u00fcchel Air Base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"B\\u00fcchel Air Base currently hosts Taktisches Luftwaffengeschwader 33 flying the Panavia Tornado IDS, F-35A Lightning II; Fliegende Gruppe TaktLwG 33 flying the Panavia Tornado IDS; Technische Gruppe TaktLwG 33 flying the \\u2014; Fliegerhorstgruppe TaktLwG 33 flying the \\u2014; 702nd Munitions Support Squadron flying the \\u2014.\"}}]}<\/script><section id=\"fly\">\n<div class=\"ad\">\n<div class=\"adin\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The part of the collection you can touch<\/div>\n<h2>You cannot fly from a Fliegerhorst. You can fly the jet the other side flew.<\/h2>\n<p class=\"adp\">MiGFlug flies the L-39 Albatros &mdash; the Czech trainer the Nationale Volksarmee operated from Bautzen and Kamenz, and the aircraft German pilots met for the first time in Luftwaffe markings in 1990. A real military jet, a real second seat, aerobatics and time on the controls.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/l-39-albatros-in-switzerland\/\">Fly the L-39 Albatros<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Around B&#252;chel Air Base<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/german-air-force\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The operator<\/span><span class=\"rh\">German Air Force<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Fleet, bases and order of battle of the service that flies from here.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the German Air Force page<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/panavia-tornado\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Based here<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Panavia Tornado IDS<\/span><span class=\"rp\">History, specifications and stories in the Book of Beasts.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Panavia Tornado IDS story<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-35-lightning-ii\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Based here<\/span><span class=\"rh\">F-35A Lightning II<\/span><span class=\"rp\">History, specifications and stories in the Book of Beasts.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the F-35A Lightning II story<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bundeswehr.de\/de\/organisation\/luftwaffe\/aktuelles\/f-35-deutschland-5864336\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Bundeswehr: Unsichtbar und fortschrittlich &mdash; F-35 folgt Tornado<\/a><span>F-35A quantity, cost, basing at B&#252;chel, training at Ebbing ANGB, Tornado out-of-service date<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mil-aip.de\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Milit&#228;risches Luftfahrthandbuch Deutschland (MIL AIP)<\/a><span>the authority for German military ICAO codes, runway designators, lengths and surfaces; used here through the Fliegerhorst tables that cite it, because the publication itself is not openly accessible<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ourairports.com\/data\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">OurAirports open data (airports.csv and runways.csv)<\/a><span>aerodrome reference point coordinates and elevations, cross-checked against the German aerodrome articles; used for every base coordinate in this dataset<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Verified 2026-09-20.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .ph1{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/de-hero-buechel-b.jpg)!important}<\/style>\n<style>#mfam 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