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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero photo\">\n<div class=\"heroimg ph1\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/polish-air-force\/\">Polish Air Force<\/a> &middot; Air base<\/div>\n<h1>41st Air Training Base D&#281;blin<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">41. Baza Lotnictwa Szkolnego<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">Active (M-346 Bielik advanced jet training; home of the &quot;School of Eaglets&quot;)<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>EPDE<\/b><span>ICAO<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>2,500 m<\/b><span>Runway<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1920<\/b><span>Opened<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>Active<\/b><span>Status<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"photocred\">Photo: KrzywoProsto \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 3.0)<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Operator<\/b>Polish Air Force<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Voivodeship<\/b>Lubelskie (Lublin)<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Elevation<\/b>120 m<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Coordinates<\/b>51.5511 N, 21.8919 E<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>41st Air Training Base D&#281;blin: what it was built for and what flies there now<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<p>D&#281;blin, where the Wieprz meets the Vistula, is the cradle of Polish military pilots. A French pilot school worked here briefly in 1920, and on 14 April 1927 the Officers&rsquo; Aviation School, founded in Grudzi&#261;dz in 1925, moved in. As the Szko&#322;a Podchor&#261;&#380;ych Lotnictwa and later Aviation Training Centre No. 1 it became the &quot;School of Eaglets&quot;: its graduates included Zdzis&#322;aw Krasnod&#281;bski, the first commander of No. 303 Squadron in the Battle of Britain. Before the war D&#281;blin was the hub of a network of training airfields at Borowina-Go&#322;&#261;b, Zajezierze, U&#322;&#281;&#380; and Podlod&#243;w.<\/p>\n<p>German bombing destroyed that network in September 1939 and the school evacuated east. A new pilots&rsquo; school opened at D&#281;blin on 13 April 1945, and of the old network only D&#281;blin itself was expanded after the war. The school became a university in 1968 and the Polish Air Force University (Lotnicza Akademia Wojskowa) on 28 August 2018.<\/p>\n<p>Today the 41st Air Training Base flies the Leonardo M-346 Bielik, which lets Poland train its future F-16 pilots at home; the first two landed in November 2016. On 12 July 2024 a Bielik from D&#281;blin struck the runway and caught fire at the naval air base at Gdynia-Babie Do&#322;y and its instructor pilot, a major with more than 1,100 hours on the type, was killed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"sat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Satellite<\/div>\n<h2>41st Air Training Base D&#281;blin from above<\/h2>\n<div class=\"satfig\" id=\"satfig\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Enlarge the satellite view\">\n<div class=\"satimg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"41st Air Training Base D&#281;blin seen from above\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"satzoom\">Click to enlarge<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"satcap\"><b>One runway, 2,500 m of concrete and asphalt.<\/b><span>Imagery: Esri, Maxar, Earthstar Geographics and the GIS user community<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"satlb\" id=\"satlb\"><span class=\"satlbx\">Close<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"satbig\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"41st Air Training Base D&#281;blin seen from above, enlarged\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<style>#mfam .satimg{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=21.84721,51.53820,21.93667,51.56402\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=1600,743\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}#mfam .satbig{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=21.84989,51.53368,21.93399,51.56854\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=2048,1365\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}@media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=21.87117,51.53820,21.91271,51.56402\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=760,760\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}}<\/style>\n<div id=\"sat-data\" data-js=\"KGZ1bmN0aW9uKCl7IHZhciBmPWRvY3VtZW50LmdldEVsZW1lbnRCeUlkKCdzYXRmaWcnKSwgYj1kb2N1bWVudC5nZXRFbGVtZW50QnlJZCgnc2F0bGInKTsgaWYoIWZ8fCFiKSByZXR1cm47IGZ1bmN0aW9uIG9wZW4oKXsgYi5jbGFzc0xpc3QuYWRkKCdvbicpOyBkb2N1bWVudC5ib2R5LnN0eWxlLm92ZXJmbG93PSdoaWRkZW4nOyB9IGZ1bmN0aW9uIHNodXQoKXsgYi5jbGFzc0xpc3QucmVtb3ZlKCdvbicpOyBkb2N1bWVudC5ib2R5LnN0eWxlLm92ZXJmbG93PScnOyB9IGYuYWRkRXZlbnRMaXN0ZW5lcignY2xpY2snLCBvcGVuKTsgZi5hZGRFdmVudExpc3RlbmVyKCdrZXlkb3duJywgZnVuY3Rpb24oZSl7IGlmKGUua2V5PT09J0VudGVyJ3x8ZS5rZXk9PT0nICcpeyBlLnByZXZlbnREZWZhdWx0KCk7IG9wZW4oKTsgfSB9KTsgYi5hZGRFdmVudExpc3RlbmVyKCdjbGljaycsIHNodXQpOyBkb2N1bWVudC5hZGRFdmVudExpc3RlbmVyKCdrZXlkb3duJywgZnVuY3Rpb24oZSl7IGlmKGUua2V5PT09J0VzY2FwZScpIHNodXQoKTsgfSk7IH0pKCk7\"><\/div>\n<p><script>(function(){var el=document.getElementById(\"sat-data\");var js=decodeURIComponent(escape(atob(el.getAttribute(\"data-js\"))));var sc=document.createElement(\"script\");sc.text=js;document.body.appendChild(sc);})();<\/script><section class=\"pqband\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"pqrow\">\n<figure class=\"pq\">\n<blockquote><p>to rewolucja w przygotowaniu polskich pilot&#243;w samolot&#243;w bojowych do tego, aby m&#243;c pilotowa&#263; samoloty F-16<\/blockquote><figcaption><b>Andrzej Duda<\/b><span>President of Poland, at the ceremony naming the M-346 &ldquo;Bielik&rdquo; at D&#281;blin, 24 November 2018 (in English: &ldquo;it is a revolution in preparing Polish combat pilots to fly the F-16&rdquo;)<\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/defence24.pl\/sily-zbrojne\/m-346-oficjalnie-z-imieniem-bielik\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Defence24<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"pq\">\n<blockquote><p>We are very proud to have equipped the Polish Air Force with an advanced training system based on our M-346.<\/blockquote><figcaption><b>Dario Marf&#232;<\/b><span>Senior Vice President Commercial and Customer Services, Leonardo Aircraft Division, on delivery of the last four Bieliks to D&#281;blin, December 2022<\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/aeronautics.leonardo.com\/en\/news-and-stories-detail\/-\/detail\/leonardo-m346-polish-air-force_news\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Leonardo<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>41st Air Training Base D&#281;blin in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Location &amp; codes<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>ICAO<\/dt>\n<dd>EPDE<\/dd>\n<dt>Country<\/dt>\n<dd>Poland<\/dd>\n<dt>Voivodeship<\/dt>\n<dd>Lubelskie<span class=\"gnote\">Lublin<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Coordinates<\/dt>\n<dd>51.5511 N, 21.8919 E<\/dd>\n<dt>Elevation<\/dt>\n<dd>120 m <span class=\"imp\">(394 ft)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Usage<\/dt>\n<dd>Military<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Runways &amp; facilities<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Runways<\/dt>\n<dd>1<\/dd>\n<dt>Designator<\/dt>\n<dd>12\/30<\/dd>\n<dt>Length<\/dt>\n<dd>2,500 m <span class=\"imp\">(8,202 ft)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Surface<\/dt>\n<dd>Concrete and asphalt<\/dd>\n<dt>Quick Reaction Alert<\/dt>\n<dd>None<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Command &amp; status<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Status<\/dt>\n<dd>Active<span class=\"gnote\">M-346 Bielik advanced jet training; home of the &quot;School of Eaglets&quot;<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Operator<\/dt>\n<dd>Polish Air Force<\/dd>\n<dt>Opened<\/dt>\n<dd>1920<\/dd>\n<dt>Military use ended<\/dt>\n<dd>&mdash;<\/dd>\n<dt>Command<\/dt>\n<dd>4th Air Training Wing (4. Skrzyd&#322;o Lotnictwa Szkolnego), D&#281;blin<\/dd>\n<dt>Resident units<\/dt>\n<dd>2 current, 1 former<\/dd>\n<dt>Based types<\/dt>\n<dd>2<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"units\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Resident units<\/div>\n<h2>Who flies from 41st Air Training Base D&#281;blin<\/h2>\n<div class=\"oob\">\n<div><span>Current<\/span><em>2 units<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>M-346 Bielik training squadron, 41st Air Training Base<small>Advanced jet training squadron &middot; active &middot; from 2016<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/m-346-master\/\">Leonardo M-346 Bielik<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Polish Air Force University (Lotnicza Akademia Wojskowa)<small>Air force academy &middot; active &middot; from 1927<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Trains on the base&rsquo;s aircraft<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<div><span>Former<\/span><em>1 units<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt class=\"was\">Aviation Training Centre No. 1 (Centrum Wyszkolenia Lotnictwa Nr 1)<small>1937&ndash;1939 &middot; The pre-war school&rsquo;s title from 17 July 1937 until the German bombing and evacuation of September 1939.<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Pre-war training aircraft<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Aircraft types based here<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/m-346-master\/\">Leonardo M-346 Bielik<\/a>, Trains on the base&rsquo;s aircraft, Pre-war training aircraft<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"knownfor\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Claim to fame<\/div>\n<h2>What 41st Air Training Base D&#281;blin is known for<\/h2>\n<div class=\"kfgrid\">\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">01<\/div>\n<h3>The School of Eaglets<\/h3>\n<p>D&#281;blin has trained Polish military pilots since the officers&rsquo; aviation school moved here in 1927. Poles still call it the Szko&#322;a Or&#322;&#261;t, the School of Eaglets.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">Before the Second World War the school turned out 973 pilots and air observers, according to the Institute of National Remembrance. Other accounts say &ldquo;over one thousand&rdquo;.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">02<\/div>\n<h3>A wartime squadron named after the town<\/h3>\n<p>No. 315 Squadron, formed in Britain in early 1941, took the name &ldquo;D&#281;bli&#324;ski&rdquo; in honour of the school. The base now carries the name of its most successful commander.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">Major Eugeniusz Horbaczewski, who led No. 315 Squadron from 15 February to 18 August 1944, was credited with 16.5 enemy aircraft destroyed. The 41st Air Training Base has been named after him since a ministry decision of 25 July 2011.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">03<\/div>\n<h3>Where F-16 pilots learn to fly jets<\/h3>\n<p>The Leonardo M-346 Bielik replaced the Soviet-era training route. It lets Poland train its future F-16 pilots at home instead of abroad.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">Sixteen M-346s were bought in three batches. The first two arrived in November 2016 and the last four were delivered on 16 December 2022.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">04<\/div>\n<h3>The first Pole in space ran the school<\/h3>\n<p>Miros&#322;aw Hermaszewski flew into space from Baikonur in 1978. He later came back to D&#281;blin as commandant of the School of Eaglets.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">Hermaszewski launched on 27 June 1978 and commanded the school from 1987 to 1990.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">05<\/div>\n<h3>The Air Force Museum<\/h3>\n<p>The Muzeum Si&#322; Powietrznych, the Polish Air Force Museum, stands next to the airfield. It was opened in 2011 to collect the aircraft the service was retiring.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">It opened on 26 August 2011 and has more than 80 aircraft, including the only Mi-6 helicopter in Poland.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">06<\/div>\n<h3>Home of the Iskra and the White-and-Red Sparks<\/h3>\n<p>The PZL TS-11 Iskra, Poland&rsquo;s first home-designed jet to enter production and service, trained generations of D&#281;blin cadets. The White-and-Red Sparks (Bia&#322;o-Czerwone Iskry) display team flew it from here.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">The Iskra served the Polish Air Force for more than 58 years. The team&rsquo;s farewell flight was on 27 July 2022, and seven of its jets went to a foundation in Mielec in September 2025.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"deep\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Go deeper<\/div>\n<h2>The long version<\/h2>\n<div class=\"deep\">\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">01<\/span><span>The School of Eaglets, 1920&ndash;1939<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>Military flying at D&#281;blin began at the old Austrian airfield by the fortress where the Wieprz meets the Vistula. In May 1920, during the war with Soviet Russia, a French pilot school worked here for a short time. The permanent school came later. The Officers&rsquo; Aviation School (Oficerska Szko&#322;a Lotnictwa) was founded in Grudzi&#261;dz on 5 November 1925 under Colonel Roman Florer. Some secondary accounts give 1 November. It moved to D&#281;blin on 14 April 1927, so that, in the school&rsquo;s own words, everything needed for flying training was in one place.<\/p>\n<p>The first observers finished on 15 September 1927. The first formal commissioning, on 15 August 1928, made 77 graduates second lieutenants. The class included Zdzis&#322;aw Krasnod&#281;bski, later the first commander of No. 303 Squadron, and Walerian Jesionowski, later commander of No. 308 Squadron. In 1928 the school became the Szko&#322;a Podchor&#261;&#380;ych Lotnictwa (Cadet School of Aviation). From 6 April 1929 it was part of a larger centre for training aviation officers, with its own training squadron and air base.<\/p>\n<p>The first course for pilot cadets began in autumn 1934, and it was demanding: of 40 cadets who started, 30 were commissioned as pilots in 1936. From 1935 the course lasted three years. On 17 July 1937 the centre became Aviation Training Centre No. 1 (Centrum Wyszkolenia Lotnictwa Nr 1). It had six training squadrons and could hold 600 cadets at once. In June 1939, as Poland partly mobilised, the third-year cadets finished early and went straight to combat squadrons.<\/p>\n<p>The Institute of National Remembrance puts the pre-war output at 973 pilots and air observers. A Lublin heritage lexicon says more than one thousand, and the difference probably comes down to which courses are counted. Former cadets include Stanis&#322;aw Skalski, Poland&rsquo;s top-scoring fighter pilot of the Second World War.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">02<\/span><span>September 1939: the school under the bombs<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>The school was not caught asleep. Polish combat squadrons had already moved to field airstrips, and on 1 September pilots of the Higher Piloting School formed an improvised fighter group under Captain Stanis&#322;aw Brzezina. The school&rsquo;s history says the group had 27 PZL P.7a fighters and that Lieutenant Henryk Szcz&#281;sny shot down two He 111 bombers on 14&ndash;15 September. By then the group had moved away from D&#281;blin.<\/p>\n<p>The heavy blow came on 2 September. The IPN historian Tomasz Osi&#324;ski describes dozens of Dornier bombers around midday, followed a few hours later by a similar number of He 111s, which badly wrecked the school&rsquo;s buildings. A Lublin lexicon puts the day&rsquo;s casualties at about 40 killed and wounded. The dead included Lieutenant Marian Odorowski, NCOs of the training centre and Czechoslovak airmen who were then at the school. The museum names three of them: Zden&#283;k Rous, &#352;t&#283;p&#225;n Kurka and Ond&#345;ej &#352;andor. Lieutenant Colonel Jerzy Bajan was badly wounded and lost the use of an arm.<\/p>\n<p>On 6 September, 46 Heinkels attacked the fortress, and Lieutenant Colonel Edward B&#322;aszczyk of the 28th Light Artillery Regiment was mortally wounded. Between 2 and 9 September cadets and staff were moved out in groups to Ko&#324;skowola. From there many went on through Romania and France to Britain. German troops entered D&#281;blin on 15 September 1939. The town was not liberated until 26 July 1944.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">03<\/span><span>No. 315 &ldquo;D&#281;bli&#324;ski&rdquo; Squadron and the airmen who came home<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>The school&rsquo;s graduates made up much of the Polish Air Force in Britain, and in early 1941 one new fighter squadron was named after D&#281;blin. No. 315 &ldquo;D&#281;bli&#324;ski&rdquo; Squadron, whose badge was a black fighting cock, flew in the main Allied air operations and over the Normandy landings in 1944. Its commander from 15 February to 18 August 1944 was Eugeniusz Horbaczewski, credited with 16.5 aircraft destroyed, one probable and one damaged. The Air Force Museum opened a permanent exhibition on the squadron on 14 August 2019.<\/p>\n<p>Airmen who went home after the war were often treated badly. Stanis&#322;aw Skalski, a School of Eaglets graduate and Poland&rsquo;s leading ace, was taken into the People&rsquo;s Army and then arrested in June 1948 on an espionage charge. On 7 April 1950 a show trial sentenced him to death. The sentence was commuted to life imprisonment in 1951. On 11 April 1956 the Supreme Military Court quashed the conviction. In 1996 two of his former interrogators were sent to prison.<\/p>\n<p>The present base keeps that line alive. When the 41st Air Training Base was named after Horbaczewski by a Ministry of National Defence decision of 25 July 2011, it took over the traditions of eight predecessor units. No. 315 Squadron (1941&ndash;1946) comes first, followed by the 58th Training and Combat Aviation Regiment (1958&ndash;1989), the 58th Training Aviation Regiment (1989&ndash;2000), the 1st Aviation Training Centre (2001&ndash;2010) and the 6th Air Base (1994&ndash;2010), along with several supply and technical units. Horbaczewski&rsquo;s personal pilot&rsquo;s badge, number 277, is on show in the museum&rsquo;s exhibition.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">04<\/span><span>From People&rsquo;s Republic to NATO, 1945&ndash;2010<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>Flying training started again before the war was over. A wartime aviation school formed at Zamo&#347;&#263; on 31 October 1944 and moved squadron by squadron to D&#281;blin. On 13 April 1945 the Supreme Commander created the Military Pilot School there, and its first graduates were commissioned on 21 June 1945. The school&rsquo;s own history says that it worked among war damage, with Soviet instructors, until 1947. In March 1947 it became the Oficerska Szko&#322;a Lotnicza, with a fighter and ground-attack squadron at Radom and navigation and basic training squadrons at D&#281;blin.<\/p>\n<p>The Cold War training regiment, the 58th Training and Combat Aviation Regiment, was formed in 1958 and flew until 2000. On 1 January 1968 the school gained higher-education status as the Higher Officers&rsquo; Aviation School (WOSL), and its first cadets matriculated on 17 March 1968. The first engineer-pilots graduated in 1971. An enthusiast survey of the airfield counts 66 TS-11 Iskras with the regiment and eight An-2s with a training squadron in 1991. Miros&#322;aw Hermaszewski, the first Pole in space, was commandant from 1987 to 1990.<\/p>\n<p>After 1989 the school and the airfield were separated. On 1 October 1994 the school became the Higher Officers&rsquo; School of the Air Force (WSOSP). On 6 December 1994 the airfield became the 6th Air Base, which was placed under the 4th Air Training Wing on 17 December 2000. The 1st Aviation Training Centre took over the flying from 2001. On 31 December 2010 the two merged into the 41st Air Training Base, under an order dated 1 July 2010. The school&rsquo;s present name, Lotnicza Akademia Wojskowa, took effect on 1 October 2018. The school&rsquo;s own history dates the change to 28 August 2018.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">05<\/span><span>The Bielik: a modern trainer and its troubles<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>Poland chose the Alenia Aermacchi M-346 in February 2014 to replace the TS-11 Iskra. The first contract, for eight aircraft with training and logistics support, was worth PLN 1,167,754,500 according to Polska Zbrojna. Defence24 reported a gross figure of PLN 1.432 billion. The first two aircraft arrived at D&#281;blin in November 2016. On 27 March 2018 Poland ordered four more for over EUR 115 million, with an option for four that was later taken up. Leonardo delivered the final four on 16 December 2022, bringing the fleet to 16.<\/p>\n<p>The early years were hard. A Supreme Audit Office (NIK) post-audit statement to the 41st Air Training Base, dated 11 June 2021, found that the M-346 fleet was serviceable on average only 47.3 per cent of the time in 2020 and 56.4 per cent in 2021, against a contract figure of at least 75 per cent. In 2020 only 239 of 449 planned M-346 hours were flown. The base had 12 M-346 instructors. The press later reported the NIK&rsquo;s wider finding that more than 40 per cent of jet-pilot graduates in 2019&ndash;2020 had not trained on jets at all.<\/p>\n<p>To fix the support problems, Leonardo signed a long-term support agreement on 17 February 2023 with Wojskowe Zak&#322;ady Lotnicze Nr 1, the military aircraft works next to the D&#281;blin airfield. The fleet was grounded again on 5 December 2023, when a cowling came off a Bielik over &#321;uk&#243;w county. It stayed on the ground until spring 2024. Then on 12 July 2024 a Bielik crashed at Gdynia-Babie Do&#322;y and its instructor pilot was killed. At the time of writing no final cause for that crash had been published.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">06<\/span><span>The Air Force Museum and the town&rsquo;s memory<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>The Air Force commander, General Andrzej B&#322;asik, proposed a museum at D&#281;blin on 3 June 2009. An honorary committee of 17 members was set up that October. B&#322;asik was killed in the Smole&#324;sk crash of April 2010, before the museum opened. A ministry decree created the museum on 10 January 2011, Waldemar W&#243;jcik became its first director on 1 March, and it opened on 26 August 2011. Its later directors were Ryszard Ha&#263; (2013&ndash;2016) and Pawe&#322; Paw&#322;owski from 2017.<\/p>\n<p>Next door, the jet that trained most of these pilots has been retired. At the start of 2020 D&#281;blin still had 36 TS-11 Iskras, the first jet designed in Poland to enter production and service. They were built at Mielec between the 1960s and 1987, and sources give totals of between 400 and 424. The Iskra stopped training cadets on 9 December 2020. The White-and-Red Sparks, who flew seven of them, made their farewell flight at D&#281;blin on 27 July 2022, after the type had served the air force for more than 58 years.<\/p>\n<p>The collection came mostly from aircraft and equipment the armed forces were retiring, with gifts from former pilots and collectors. It now has more than 80 aircraft. Among them are a C-130 Hercules, a MiG-29, a MiG-23MF, an Su-22UM3K, PZL-130 Orlik number 005 and the only Mi-6 helicopter in Poland. In September 2025 the base handed seven TS-11 Iskras from the disbanded White-and-Red Sparks team to a foundation in Mielec, where the type was built, to be restored for air shows.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>41st Air Training Base D&#281;blin, year by year<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1920<\/div>\n<p>In May, during the Polish-Soviet War, a French pilot school works for a short time at the former Austrian airfield.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1925<\/div>\n<p>On 5 November the Officers&rsquo; Aviation School is founded in Grudzi&#261;dz.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1927<\/div>\n<p>On 14 April the school moves to D&#281;blin.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1928<\/div>\n<p>On 15 August, 77 graduates are commissioned at the school&rsquo;s first formal promotion.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1937<\/div>\n<p>On 17 July the school becomes Aviation Training Centre No. 1, with room for 600 cadets.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1939<\/div>\n<p>Bombed on 2 and 6 September; cadets evacuated from 2 September; German troops enter the town on 15 September.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1941<\/div>\n<p>No. 315 &ldquo;D&#281;bli&#324;ski&rdquo; Squadron forms in Britain early in the year.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1945<\/div>\n<p>On 13 April a Military Pilot School is created at D&#281;blin; first post-war graduates on 21 June.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1958<\/div>\n<p>The 58th Training and Combat Aviation Regiment is formed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1968<\/div>\n<p>On 1 January the school becomes the Higher Officers&rsquo; Aviation School (WOSL).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1978<\/div>\n<p>On 27 June Miros&#322;aw Hermaszewski, later the school&rsquo;s commandant (1987&ndash;1990), becomes the first Pole in space.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1994<\/div>\n<p>School renamed WSOSP on 1 October; the airfield becomes the 6th Air Base on 6 December.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2010<\/div>\n<p>On 31 December the 6th Air Base and the 1st Aviation Training Centre merge into the 41st Air Training Base.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2011<\/div>\n<p>Named after Maj. Eugeniusz Horbaczewski (decision of 25 July); the Air Force Museum opens on 26 August.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2016<\/div>\n<p>The first two M-346 advanced jet trainers arrive in November.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2018<\/div>\n<p>The school becomes the Polish Air Force University (LAW) on 1 October; the M-346 is named Bielik on 24 November.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2022<\/div>\n<p>The White-and-Red Sparks fly their farewell on 27 July; the last four Bieliks are delivered on 16 December.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2024<\/div>\n<p>On 12 July a D&#281;blin Bielik crashes at Gdynia-Babie Do&#322;y, killing its instructor pilot.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"incidents\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Incidents &amp; stories<\/div>\n<h2>What happened here<\/h2>\n<div class=\"inc\">\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">2 September 1939<\/div>\n<h3>The School of Eaglets is bombed<\/h3>\n<p>On the second day of the war German bombers attacked D&#281;blin twice. Around midday dozens of Dorniers bombed it, and a few hours later a similar number of He 111s came back. They badly wrecked the school&rsquo;s buildings. The dead included Lieutenant Marian Odorowski, several NCOs and Czechoslovak airmen then at the school. A Lublin lexicon puts the day&rsquo;s casualties at about 40 killed and wounded. Lieutenant Colonel Jerzy Bajan was badly wounded. The school began evacuating its cadets and staff eastward that same day.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/kurierlubelski.pl\/a-jesli-z-nas-ktos-legnie-wsrod-szalenczych-jazd-deblinska-szkola-orlat-we-wrzesniu-1939-r\/ar\/c1-18798119\">Kurier Lubelski (Tomasz Osi&#324;ski, IPN Lublin)<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">6 September 1939<\/div>\n<h3>Heinkels hit the D&#281;blin fortress<\/h3>\n<p>Four days later, according to the Air Force Museum, 46 He 111 bombers attacked the D&#281;blin fortress next to the aviation school. Lieutenant Colonel Edward B&#322;aszczyk, commander of the 28th Light Artillery Regiment from nearby Zajezierze, was badly wounded and died on 8 September. By then the cadets and instructors were leaving in groups for Ko&#324;skowola, the first step of a journey that took many of them through Romania and France to Britain. German troops entered D&#281;blin on 15 September.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/muzeumsp.pl\/aktualnosci\/84-rocznica-wybuchu-ii-wojny-swiatowej-deblin-i-okolice-w-dzialaniach-wojennych-2\/\">Muzeum Si&#322; Powietrznych w D&#281;blinie<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">2 March 2001<\/div>\n<h3>A test pilot dies in a post-repair Iskra flight<\/h3>\n<p>Captain Jacek Trzci&#324;ski, a D&#281;blin graduate who had flown MiG-29s at Malbork, was a test pilot with the 23rd Special Aviation Squadron at D&#281;blin. He was killed at 10:44 near Bydgoszcz during a post-repair test flight in a TS-11 Iskra from the 1st Aviation Training Centre. The investigation found that a hard turn at steep bank, with the landing gear being lowered and too little engine thrust, stalled the aircraft into a spin at about 300 metres, too low to eject safely. The museum names only Trzci&#324;ski. A newspaper round-up said two pilots died, and that is not resolved here.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/muzeumsp.pl\/aktualnosci\/pamiatki-po-pilocie-jacku-trzcinskim-w-zbiorach-muzeum\/\">Muzeum Si&#322; Powietrznych w D&#281;blinie<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">4 September 2001<\/div>\n<h3>A young pilot dies in a low-level Iskra flight<\/h3>\n<p>A TS-11 Iskra from the Higher Officers&rsquo; School of the Air Force at D&#281;blin crashed near Jagodne in Lublin province at 14:50. It was flying low-level exercises. The pilot, Second Lieutenant Grzegorz Klimkiewicz, did not eject and was killed. A military accident commission was sent to the site. Wirtualna Polska dates the crash to 4 September. A later Dziennik Polski round-up of Iskra losses gives 5 September. The same round-up lists several fatal Iskra accidents near D&#281;blin in 1997&ndash;1998, which shows how dangerous the ageing jet had become in training.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/wiadomosci.wp.pl\/deblin-katastrofa-iskry-zginal-pilot-6109072772445313a\">Wirtualna Polska<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">13 December 2017<\/div>\n<h3>SW-4 training helicopter overturns on landing<\/h3>\n<p>At about 16:30 a PZL SW-4 Puszczyk training helicopter of the 41st Air Training Base overturned while landing at D&#281;blin. Its tail was torn off and its rotor blades broke. Both people on board, instructor pilots of the base, were injured and taken to hospital, but their lives were not in danger. The ministry&rsquo;s first statement was three sentences long and called it only an &ldquo;aviation event&rdquo;. The press paid little attention until a MiG-29 crash days later brought military flight safety back into the news.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/wiadomosci.wp.pl\/dwoch-pilotow-rannych-maszyna-w-kawalkach-zobaczcie-co-mon-nazwal-zdarzeniem-lotniczym-6200010880759425a\">Wirtualna Polska<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">5 December 2023<\/div>\n<h3>A Bielik loses a cowling and the fleet is grounded<\/h3>\n<p>During a training flight over &#321;uk&#243;w county, a cowling came off an M-346 Bielik and fell near buildings in the village of &#346;widry. The pilot told air traffic control and kept control of the aircraft. A second pilot in the formation checked the damage visually and handled the radio calls, and the pilot landed safely at D&#281;blin. The General Command grounded all 16 Bieliks the next day. The State Aircraft Accident Investigation Commission investigated, and the fleet was reported to have stayed on the ground until spring 2024.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lublin112.pl\/deblinskie-samoloty-uziemione-w-trakcie-lotu-od-jednego-z-nich-odpadl-element-spadl-niedaleko-zabudowan\/\">Lublin112<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">12 July 2024<\/div>\n<h3>Instructor pilot killed in a Bielik crash at Gdynia<\/h3>\n<p>At about 13:00 M-346 Bielik number 7714, delivered in 2022, hit the runway at the naval air base at Gdynia-Babie Do&#322;y and caught fire. It was practising for the 30th anniversary of the Naval Aviation Brigade. The pilot, Major Robert Je&#322;, a deputy squadron commander of the 41st Air Training Base, did not eject and died at the scene. Reports give him about 2,000 flying hours, 1,000&ndash;1,100 of them on the Bielik. The weather was good. In September 2025 the prosecutor&rsquo;s investigation was extended to January 2026, and no official cause had been published.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/zbiam.pl\/katastrofa-samolotu-m-346-bielik\/\">Zbiam<\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"map\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Location<\/div>\n<h2>41st Air Training Base D&#281;blin and its neighbours<\/h2>\n<div class=\"mapframe\">\n<div id=\"oobmap\" class=\"oobmap\" style=\"height:440px\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"legend\"><span><i class=\"dot\"><\/i> Active air base<\/span><span><i class=\"dot was\"><\/i> Closed or reserve<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"nearbytbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Nearby base<\/th>\n<th>ICAO<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Based types<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr data-base=\"minsk-mazowiecki\">\n<td>23rd Tactical Air Base Mi&#324;sk Mazowiecki<\/td>\n<td>EPMM<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td>KAI FA-50GF, KAI FA-50PL, MiG-29A\/UB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"warsaw\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/warsaw\/\">1st Air Transport Base Warsaw<\/a><\/td>\n<td>EPWA<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Boeing 737-800 and 737-800 BBJ2, Gulfstream G550, Tupolev Tu-154M<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"radom\">\n<td>42nd Air Training Base Radom<\/td>\n<td>EPRA<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td>PZL-130 Orlik TC-II, PZL-130 Orlik<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about 41st Air Training Base D&#281;blin<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>Why is D&#281;blin called the School of Eaglets?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Szko&#322;a Or&#322;&#261;t, the School of Eaglets, is the traditional name for the officers&rsquo; flying school that has been at D&#281;blin since 14 April 1927. Before 1939 it trained the pilots who went on to fight in the Battle of Britain. The name is still used for today&rsquo;s Polish Air Force University (Lotnicza Akademia Wojskowa).<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What flies from D&#281;blin today?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The 41st Air Training Base flies the Leonardo M-346 Bielik advanced jet trainer, the last step before future fighter pilots move on to the F-16. The university&rsquo;s own light aircraft and helicopters fly from D&#281;blin too. Primary training on the PZL-130 Orlik takes place at Radom, not D&#281;blin.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How many M-346 Bieliks does Poland have?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Poland ordered 16 in three batches: eight in 2014, four in March 2018 and four more under an option. The last were delivered on 16 December 2022. One was destroyed in the fatal crash at Gdynia on 12 July 2024. The ministry has not published a current airworthy total.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Which squadron flies the Bielik?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The M-346s belong to the 41st Air Training Base, which comes under the 4th Air Training Wing. The number of the squadron inside the base could not be confirmed from an official source.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What happened to the TS-11 Iskra?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The Iskra, Poland&rsquo;s own jet trainer, stopped training cadets in December 2020 after the Bielik arrived. The White-and-Red Sparks display team kept flying it until a farewell on 27 July 2022. In September 2025 seven of the team&rsquo;s jets went to a foundation in Mielec to be restored for air shows.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Who is the base named after?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Major Eugeniusz Horbaczewski, who commanded No. 315 &ldquo;D&#281;bli&#324;ski&rdquo; Squadron in 1944 and was credited with 16.5 enemy aircraft destroyed. The name was given by a Ministry of National Defence decision of 25 July 2011.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Can you visit the Air Force Museum in D&#281;blin?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. The Muzeum Si&#322; Powietrznych is at ul. Lotnik&#243;w Polskich 1, next to the airfield, and has been open since 26 August 2011. It has more than 80 aircraft, including a MiG-29, a MiG-23MF, an Su-22 and the only Mi-6 helicopter in Poland.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Was D&#281;blin destroyed in September 1939?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The school was badly damaged but its aircraft were not all caught on the ground. On 2 September German bombers wrecked much of it and killed and wounded about 40 people. Cadets and staff were evacuated in groups, and many went on through Romania and France to Britain.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is 41st Air Training Base D&#281;blin still an active military air base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. Active (M-346 Bielik advanced jet training; home of the &quot;School of Eaglets&quot;). The Polish Air Force operates it as 4th Air Training Wing (4. Skrzyd&#322;o Lotnictwa Szkolnego), D&#281;blin.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is the ICAO code of 41st Air Training Base D&#281;blin?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The ICAO code of 41st Air Training Base D&#281;blin is EPDE. The airfield sits at 120 m above sea level in Lubelskie (Lublin), at 51.5511 N, 21.8919 E.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How long is the runway at 41st Air Training Base D&#281;blin?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">41st Air Training Base D&#281;blin has one runway: 12\/30, 2,500 m (8,202 ft), concrete and asphalt.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Which squadrons are based at 41st Air Training Base D&#281;blin?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">41st Air Training Base D&#281;blin currently hosts M-346 Bielik training squadron, 41st Air Training Base flying the Leonardo M-346 Bielik; Polish Air Force University (Lotnicza Akademia Wojskowa) flying the Trains on the base&rsquo;s aircraft.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Which aircraft used to fly from 41st Air Training Base D&#281;blin?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Over its history 41st Air Training Base D&#281;blin has hosted Aviation Training Centre No. 1 (Centrum Wyszkolenia Lotnictwa Nr 1) (1937&ndash;1939) with the Pre-war training aircraft.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Why is D\\u0119blin called the School of Eaglets?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Szko\\u0142a Or\\u0142\\u0105t, the School of Eaglets, is the traditional name for the officers\\u2019 flying school that has been at D\\u0119blin since 14 April 1927. Before 1939 it trained the pilots who went on to fight in the Battle of Britain. The name is still used for today\\u2019s Polish Air Force University (Lotnicza Akademia Wojskowa).\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What flies from D\\u0119blin today?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The 41st Air Training Base flies the Leonardo M-346 Bielik advanced jet trainer, the last step before future fighter pilots move on to the F-16. The university\\u2019s own light aircraft and helicopters fly from D\\u0119blin too. Primary training on the PZL-130 Orlik takes place at Radom, not D\\u0119blin.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How many M-346 Bieliks does Poland have?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Poland ordered 16 in three batches: eight in 2014, four in March 2018 and four more under an option. The last were delivered on 16 December 2022. One was destroyed in the fatal crash at Gdynia on 12 July 2024. The ministry has not published a current airworthy total.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Which squadron flies the Bielik?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The M-346s belong to the 41st Air Training Base, which comes under the 4th Air Training Wing. The number of the squadron inside the base could not be confirmed from an official source.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What happened to the TS-11 Iskra?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The Iskra, Poland\\u2019s own jet trainer, stopped training cadets in December 2020 after the Bielik arrived. The White-and-Red Sparks display team kept flying it until a farewell on 27 July 2022. In September 2025 seven of the team\\u2019s jets went to a foundation in Mielec to be restored for air shows.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Who is the base named after?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Major Eugeniusz Horbaczewski, who commanded No. 315 \\u201cD\\u0119bli\\u0144ski\\u201d Squadron in 1944 and was credited with 16.5 enemy aircraft destroyed. The name was given by a Ministry of National Defence decision of 25 July 2011.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Can you visit the Air Force Museum in D\\u0119blin?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. The Muzeum Si\\u0142 Powietrznych is at ul. Lotnik\\u00f3w Polskich 1, next to the airfield, and has been open since 26 August 2011. It has more than 80 aircraft, including a MiG-29, a MiG-23MF, an Su-22 and the only Mi-6 helicopter in Poland.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Was D\\u0119blin destroyed in September 1939?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The school was badly damaged but its aircraft were not all caught on the ground. On 2 September German bombers wrecked much of it and killed and wounded about 40 people. Cadets and staff were evacuated in groups, and many went on through Romania and France to Britain.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is 41st Air Training Base D\\u0119blin still an active military air base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. Active (M-346 Bielik advanced jet training; home of the \\\"School of Eaglets\\\"). The Polish Air Force operates it as 4th Air Training Wing (4. Skrzyd\\u0142o Lotnictwa Szkolnego), D\\u0119blin.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the ICAO code of 41st Air Training Base D\\u0119blin?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The ICAO code of 41st Air Training Base D\\u0119blin is EPDE. The airfield sits at 120 m above sea level in Lubelskie (Lublin), at 51.5511 N, 21.8919 E.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How long is the runway at 41st Air Training Base D\\u0119blin?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"41st Air Training Base D\\u0119blin has one runway: 12\/30, 2,500 m (8,202 ft), concrete and asphalt.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Which squadrons are based at 41st Air Training Base D\\u0119blin?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"41st Air Training Base D\\u0119blin currently hosts M-346 Bielik training squadron, 41st Air Training Base flying the Leonardo M-346 Bielik; Polish Air Force University (Lotnicza Akademia Wojskowa) flying the Trains on the base\\u2019s aircraft.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Which aircraft used to fly from 41st Air Training Base D\\u0119blin?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Over its history 41st Air Training Base D\\u0119blin has hosted Aviation Training Centre No. 1 (Centrum Wyszkolenia Lotnictwa Nr 1) (1937\\u20131939) with the Pre-war training aircraft.\"}}]}<\/script><hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Around 41st Air Training Base D&#281;blin<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/polish-air-force\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The operator<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Polish Air Force<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Fleet, bases and order of battle of the service that flies from here.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Polish Air Force page<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/m-346-master\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Based here<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Leonardo M-346 Bielik<\/span><span class=\"rp\">History, specifications and stories in the Book of Beasts.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Leonardo M-346 Bielik story<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.pansa.pl\/ais\/eaipmil\/AIRAC%20AMDT%20MIL%2009-26_2026_09_03\/index-v2.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">MIL AIP Poland, MIL AD 4 aerodrome data (AIRAC AMDT MIL 09-26, effective 3 September 2026)<\/a><span>Polish Air Navigation Services Agency; reference points, elevations, runway designators, lengths and surfaces for EPKS, EPLK, EPMB, EPMM, EPSN, EPPW, EPDE and EPMI. Elevations converted from feet and rounded to the metre.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/nauka.law.mil.pl\/index.php\/pl\/historia-szkoly-orlat\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Polish Air Force University (LAW): Historia Szko&#322;y Or&#322;&#261;t<\/a><span>Dates of the D&#281;blin school, 1925&ndash;2018<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/polska-zbrojna.pl\/Mobile\/ArticleShow\/32516\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Polska Zbrojna: Kolejne Bieliki wyl&#261;dowa&#322;y w D&#281;blinie (2020)<\/a><span>First pair November 2016; ten at D&#281;blin; 16 planned<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Verified 2026-09-25.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .ph1{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/pl-hero-deblin.jpg)!important}<\/style>\n<style>#mfam 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