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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}#mfam .mlogo{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:#fff;padding:10px 16px;height:68px;margin:0 0 18px;border:1px solid #e2e7ee}#mfam .mlogo .li{display:block;background:center\/contain no-repeat}#mfam .mlogo.sm{position:absolute;left:14px;top:96px;height:52px;padding:6px 10px;margin:0}#mfam .mlogo.sm img{max-height:38px;max-width:120px}#mfam .mlogo.xs{height:28px;padding:2px 6px;margin:0 10px 0 0;vertical-align:middle;border:0;background:transparent}#mfam .mlogo.xs img{max-height:24px;max-width:72px}#mfam .mrel{position:relative;padding-top:0}#mfam .mrel .mim{display:block;height:130px;margin:-26px -26px 44px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat}#mfam a.mname{display:inline-flex;align-items:center}#mfam span.acard{cursor:default}#mfam .pcred{font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin:10px 0 28px;line-height:1.5}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero photo\">\n<div class=\"heroimg ph1\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/\">Aircraft manufacturers<\/a> &middot; China<\/div>\n<h1>Nanchang<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">Nanchang Aircraft Manufacturing Company (NAMC) &middot; China Nanchang Aircraft Manufacturing Corporation (CNAMC) &middot; State-run Hongdu Machinery Factory (Factory 320)<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">The factory on an old Sino-Italian airfield that built the first aircraft of the People&rsquo;s Republic, turned the MiG-19 into a bomber-killer&rsquo;s nightmare and gave the developing world its favourite jet trainer.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1951<\/b><span>Founded<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>Merged into <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/hongdu\/\">Hongdu<\/a> in 1998<\/b><span>Status<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>7<\/b><span>Aircraft on record<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>9<\/b><span>Air forces flying its types<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"photocred\">Photo: Shizhao \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain)<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Country<\/b>China<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Founded<\/b>1951<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Headquarters<\/b>Nanchang, Jiangxi<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Owner<\/b>State-owned; part of AVIC as Hongdu Aviation Industry Group<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Status<\/b>Merged into <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/hongdu\/\">Hongdu<\/a> in 1998<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>Nanchang: the company and the aircraft that made its name<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Born of an Italian deal<\/h3>\n<p>The story of Nanchang begins with an unlikely alliance. In December 1934 the Chinese Nationalist government and Mussolini&rsquo;s Italy set up the Sino-Italian National Aircraft Works at Nanchang, with factories at Sanjiadian airfield. It did not last. After Japan invaded in 1937, Chinese officials concluded that Italians were helping guide Japanese bombers, and on 9 December 1937 Chiang Kai-shek confiscated the Italian shares. The works fled to Chongqing and returned to Nanchang in 1947. When the Communists re-founded it in 1951, they named it after <span class=\"imp\">Hongdu, the ancient name of the city<\/span>.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Mao&rsquo;s letter<\/h3>\n<p>Its first great moment came on 3 July 1954. Pilot Duan Xianglu took off in a licence-built Yakovlev Yak-18, designated CJ-5: the first complete aircraft manufactured in the People&rsquo;s Republic of China. On 1 August Mao Zedong wrote to the factory to praise it, calling it a good start for the aircraft industry and urging the workers to master technology and improve quality. Nanchang built 379 CJ-5s before production ended in 1958, and between 1957 and 1968 it also turned out <span class=\"imp\">727 Y-5 biplanes<\/span>, the Chinese version of the Antonov An-2.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Three thousand trainers<\/h3>\n<p>The CJ-6 that followed is often mistaken for a Yak-18A, but it was an all-Chinese design, worked up in Shenyang by engineers including Cheng Bushi and Lin Jiahua and transferred to Nanchang in May 1958. It first flew on 27 August 1958. A production run estimated at <span class=\"imp\">more than 3,000<\/span> trained generations of PLA pilots and went to Albania, North Korea, Bangladesh and others. Six decades on, it is a favourite of warbird owners in the United States and Australia, and in 2019 it finally received a Chinese civil type certificate.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">The Fantan<\/h3>\n<p>In August 1958 the PLA asked for a jet attack aircraft. Chief designer Lu Xiaopeng took the MiG-19 (built locally as the Shenyang J-6), stretched it, moved the intakes to the sides, area-ruled the fuselage and added an internal bomb bay four metres long. Politics cancelled the project in 1961, but a small team kept it alive, and the Q-5, NATO name Fantan, flew on 4 July 1965. About 1,300 were built. Some were modified to carry a tactical nuclear bomb, a programme the Central Committee halted in March 1979. <span class=\"imp\">The Fantan served the PLA until 2017<\/span> and was exported as the A-5.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Karakorum friendship<\/h3>\n<p>Lu also designed the J-12, which first flew on 26 December 1970 and was one of the lightest jet fighters ever built, at 3,172 kg empty. It never entered service. Nanchang&rsquo;s next success was diplomatic as much as technical. In 1986 China and Pakistan agreed to build a jet trainer together; at the suggestion of President Zia ul Haq it was named Karakorum-8 after the mountains between the two countries. The K-8 flew on 21 November 1990, and more than 500 had been built by 2010. In March 1998 the company took the name <span class=\"imp\">Hongdu Aviation Industry Group<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"pull\">The factory on an old Sino-Italian airfield that built the first aircraft of the People&rsquo;s Republic, turned the MiG-19 into a bomber-killer&rsquo;s nightmare and gave the developing world its favourite jet trainer.<cite>Nanchang &middot; verified 2026-10-03<\/cite><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>Nanchang in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>The company<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>In short<\/dt>\n<dd>Founded 1951<\/p>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Re-founded at Nanchang in 1951 as the state-run Hongdu Machinery Factory (Factory 320)<\/li>\n<li>Roots in the Sino-Italian National Aircraft Works of December 1934<\/li>\n<li>Renamed Hongdu Aviation Industry Group in March 1998<\/li>\n<li>Test flying from Qingyunpu airfield until 2018<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Production<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Best known for<\/dt>\n<dd>CJ-6, Q-5, K-8<\/p>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>CJ-5 of 1954: the first aircraft built in the People&rsquo;s Republic<\/li>\n<li>More than 3,000 CJ-6 trainers (estimate)<\/li>\n<li>About 1,300 Q-5 attack aircraft<\/li>\n<li>727 Y-5 biplanes, 1957&ndash;1968<\/li>\n<li>K-8 jet trainer, more than 500 by 2010<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Today<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Now<\/dt>\n<dd>Continues as Hongdu<\/p>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Since 1998 trading as Hongdu Aviation Industry Group, a subsidiary of AVIC<\/li>\n<li>Moved test flying to the new Nanchang Yaohu airfield in August 2018<\/li>\n<li>K-8 trainers in service with more than a dozen air forces<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">In December 2005 the US State Department sanctioned the company, accusing it of supplying weapons and technology to Iran.<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>The numbers<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>CJ-5 trainers built<\/dt>\n<dd>379<span class=\"gnote\">1954&ndash;1958<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Y-5 biplanes built at Nanchang<\/dt>\n<dd>727<span class=\"gnote\">1957&ndash;1968<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>CJ-6 trainers built<\/dt>\n<dd>more than 3,000 (estimate)<\/dd>\n<dt>Q-5 attack aircraft built<\/dt>\n<dd>about 1,300, of which 600 Q-5A<\/dd>\n<dt>K-8 trainers built, all variants<\/dt>\n<dd>more than 500 (estimate)<span class=\"gnote\">2010<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"fleet\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The aircraft<\/div>\n<h2>Every notable Nanchang aircraft<\/h2>\n<div class=\"acgrid\"><span class=\"acard\"><span class=\"im ph2\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Nanchang CJ-6<\/b><em>Basic trainer &middot; first flight 1958 &middot; more than 3,000 (estimate) built<\/em><\/span><\/span><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/nanchang-q-5\/\"><span class=\"im ph3\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Nanchang Q-5 Fantan<\/b><em>Ground-attack aircraft &middot; first flight 1965 &middot; about 1,300 built<\/em><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<p class=\"pcred\">Photos: N509FZ \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0); Morio &#183; CC BY-SA 4.0 &#183; Wikimedia Commons<\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"mfrtbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Aircraft<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th>First flight<\/th>\n<th>Built<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Note<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Nanchang CJ-5<\/td>\n<td>Primary trainer (licence-built Yak-18)<\/td>\n<td>1954<\/td>\n<td>379<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>First complete aircraft built in the People&rsquo;s Republic of China<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Nanchang Y-5<\/td>\n<td>Utility biplane (licence-built An-2)<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>727<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Production transferred elsewhere in 1968; Nanchang also developed the Y-5II crop-sprayer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Nanchang CJ-6<\/td>\n<td>Basic trainer<\/td>\n<td>1958<\/td>\n<td>more than 3,000 (estimate)<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>All-Chinese design often mistaken for a Yak-18A; exported as PT-6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/nanchang-q-5\/\">Nanchang Q-5 Fantan<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Ground-attack aircraft<\/td>\n<td>1965<\/td>\n<td>about 1,300<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Derived from the MiG-19\/J-6 with internal bomb bay; PLA service ended 2017; exported as A-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Nanchang J-12<\/td>\n<td>Lightweight fighter<\/td>\n<td>1970<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Prototypes only; 135 flights before cancellation in 1977<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Nanchang N-5<\/td>\n<td>Agricultural aircraft<\/td>\n<td>1989<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">In production<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Chinese certification 1992; FAA certification for N-5A in 2007<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Nanchang\/PAC K-8 Karakorum<\/td>\n<td>Jet trainer and light attack<\/td>\n<td>1990<\/td>\n<td>more than 500 (estimate, 2010)<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">In production<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Co-developed with Pakistan; Chinese version JL-8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"operators\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Who flies them<\/div>\n<h2>Nanchang aircraft in the world&rsquo;s air forces<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">9 air forces in the Order of Battle fly or flew Nanchang types. <span class=\"imp\">6 of them still have one in service.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"optbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Air force<\/th>\n<th>In service<\/th>\n<th>Formerly flown<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/bangladesh-air-force\/\">Bangladesh Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Nanchang PT-6 (CJ-6)<\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/nanchang-q-5\/\" class=\"was\">Nanchang A-5C<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/myanmar-air-force\/\">Myanmar Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/nanchang-q-5\/\">Nanchang A-5C (A-5IIIK)<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/peoples-liberation-army-air-force\/\">People&rsquo;s Liberation Army Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Nanchang CJ-6<\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/nanchang-q-5\/\" class=\"was\">Nanchang Q-5<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/peoples-liberation-army-naval-air-force\/\">People&rsquo;s Liberation Army Naval Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Nanchang CJ-6 and Xian HY-7<\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/nanchang-q-5\/\" class=\"was\">Nanchang Q-5<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/sri-lanka-air-force\/\">Sri Lanka Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Nanchang PT-6 (CJ-6)<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/sudanese-air-force\/\">Sudanese Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/nanchang-q-5\/\">Nanchang A-5C (Q-5)<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/albanian-air-force\/\">Albanian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Nanchang CJ-6 (BT-6)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/korean-peoples-army-air-force\/\">Korean People&rsquo;s Army Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/nanchang-q-5\/\" class=\"was\">Nanchang A-5<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/pakistan-air-force\/\">Pakistan Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/nanchang-q-5\/\" class=\"was\">Nanchang A-5III (A-5C)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"people\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Places, people, records<\/div>\n<h2>Where Nanchang built, who led it, what it achieved<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3>Factories<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li><b>Qingyunpu airfield works<\/b> &middot; Nanchang, Jiangxi &mdash; Former Sanjiadian airfield of the Sino-Italian works; test flying until 2018<\/li>\n<li><b>Nanchang Yaohu airfield<\/b> &middot; Nanchang Aviation Industrial City, Jiangxi &mdash; New flight-test airfield opened 16 August 2018<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>People<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li><b>Lu Xiaopeng<\/b> &middot; chief designer &mdash; Designed the Q-5 and the J-12<\/li>\n<li><b>Duan Xianglu<\/b> &middot; test pilot &mdash; Flew the first CJ-5 on 3 July 1954<\/li>\n<li><b>Cheng Bushi<\/b> &middot; engineer &mdash; Co-designer of the CJ-6 trainer<\/li>\n<li><b>Shi Ping<\/b> &middot; chief designer &mdash; Led the Chinese team on the K-8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>Records and firsts<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>First complete aircraft built in the People&rsquo;s Republic of China: CJ-5, 3 July 1954<\/li>\n<li>J-12 one of the lightest jet fighters ever built, 3,172 kg empty<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>Nanchang, year by year<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1934<\/div>\n<p>Sino-Italian National Aircraft Works founded at Nanchang<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1937<\/div>\n<p>Italian shares confiscated; works later moved to Chongqing<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1947<\/div>\n<p>Factory returns to Sanjiadian airfield, Nanchang<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1951<\/div>\n<p>Re-established as the state-run Hongdu Machinery Factory<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1954<\/div>\n<p>First CJ-5 flies, the first aircraft built in the PRC<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1954<\/div>\n<p>Mao Zedong sends a letter of praise to the factory<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1958<\/div>\n<p>First flight of the CJ-6 trainer<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1965<\/div>\n<p>First flight of the Q-5 attack aircraft<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1970<\/div>\n<p>First flight of the J-12 light fighter<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1989<\/div>\n<p>First flight of the N-5 agricultural aircraft<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1990<\/div>\n<p>First flight of the K-8 Karakorum trainer<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1998<\/div>\n<p>Renamed Hongdu Aviation Industry Group<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"lineage\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The family tree<\/div>\n<h2>Before and after Nanchang<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/hongdu\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Came after<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Hongdu<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Same company renamed in March 1998<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Hongdu page<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about Nanchang<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>What was the first aircraft built in the People&rsquo;s Republic of China?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The CJ-5, a licence-built Yakovlev Yak-18 trainer, first flown at Nanchang on 3 July 1954.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is Nanchang the same company as Hongdu?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. Nanchang Aircraft Manufacturing Company was renamed Hongdu Aviation Industry Group in March 1998. Hongdu is the ancient name of Nanchang.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is the Nanchang CJ-6 a copy of the Yak-18?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">No. The earlier CJ-5 was a licence-built Yak-18, but the CJ-6 was an original Chinese design first flown in 1958.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How many Q-5 Fantans were built?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">About 1,300, including some 600 of the improved Q-5A. The type left PLA service in 2017.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What does K-8 Karakorum stand for?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The trainer was named after the Karakorum mountains on the China&ndash;Pakistan border, reflecting its joint development with Pakistan.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What was the first aircraft built in the People\\u2019s Republic of China?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The CJ-5, a licence-built Yakovlev Yak-18 trainer, first flown at Nanchang on 3 July 1954.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is Nanchang the same company as Hongdu?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. Nanchang Aircraft Manufacturing Company was renamed Hongdu Aviation Industry Group in March 1998. Hongdu is the ancient name of Nanchang.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is the Nanchang CJ-6 a copy of the Yak-18?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"No. The earlier CJ-5 was a licence-built Yak-18, but the CJ-6 was an original Chinese design first flown in 1958.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How many Q-5 Fantans were built?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"About 1,300, including some 600 of the improved Q-5A. The type left PLA service in 2017.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What does K-8 Karakorum stand for?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The trainer was named after the Karakorum mountains on the China\\u2013Pakistan border, reflecting its joint development with Pakistan.\"}}]}<\/script><hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Around Nanchang<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/harbin\/\"><span class=\"rk\">China<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Harbin<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Born as a repair shop in a former Japanese aircraft factory in Manchuria, Harbin assembled China&rsquo;s first helicopter and first jet bombers, put a Chinese aircraft&hellip;<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Harbin page<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/chengdu\/\"><span class=\"rk\">China<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Chengdu<\/span><span class=\"rp\">A Soviet-aided plant known only as Factory 132 turned an incomplete MiG-21 package into thousands of J-7s, then gave China the J-10, Asia&rsquo;s first stealth fighter&hellip;<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Chengdu page<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The index<\/span><span class=\"rh\">All aircraft manufacturers<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Every company that built an aircraft flown by the air forces in the Order of Battle, current and historic.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Open the list<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hongdu_Aviation_Industry_Corporation\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hongdu Aviation Industry Corporation &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E6%B4%AA%E9%83%BD%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Jiangxi Hongdu Aviation Industry Group &ndash; Chinese Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Antonov_An-2\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Antonov An-2 (Chinese variants) &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/china\/cj-5.htm\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CJ-5 Trainer Aircraft &ndash; GlobalSecurity.org<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nanchang_CJ-6\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Nanchang CJ-6 &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nanchang_Q-5\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Nanchang Q-5 &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hongdu_JL-8\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hongdu JL-8 &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nanchang_J-12\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Nanchang J-12 &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hongdu_N-5\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hongdu N-5 &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Verified 2026-10-03.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .ph1{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/w10-cn-t-28.jpg)!important}#mfam 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