{"id":17317,"date":"2026-07-12T15:44:28","date_gmt":"2026-07-12T13:44:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/?page_id=17317"},"modified":"2026-08-29T07:36:26","modified_gmt":"2026-08-29T05:36:26","slug":"northrop-f-5","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/cz\/aircraft\/northrop-f-5\/","title":{"rendered":"Northrop F-5 Freedom Fighter \/ Tiger II \u2014 History, Specs &#038; Stories"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"mfam\">\n<style> @import url('https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Lora:ital,wght@0,400;0,500;1,400;1,500&display=swap'); body.page-id-17317 h1.entry-title.main_title{display:none} body.page-id-17317 #main-content .container{padding-top:0} body.page-id-17317 #left-area{padding-bottom:0} html{overflow-x:hidden} body.page-id-17317{overflow-x:hidden} body.page-id-17317 #sidebar{display:none} body.page-id-17317 #left-area{width:100%!important;float:none;padding:0} #mfam{width:100vw;margin-left:calc(50% - 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64px;align-items:center;gap:16px;padding:9px 0}#mfam .fname{font-size:14px;font-weight:600}#mfam .fbar{display:block;background:#eef1f6;height:16px}#mfam .fbar i{display:block;height:16px;background:#5C91FF}#mfam .fnum{font-size:14px;text-align:right;color:#3d4654;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}#mfam .spx-lede{font-size:17px;line-height:1.7;color:#3d4654;max-width:760px;margin:0 0 28px}#mfam .spx-note{font-size:13px;line-height:1.6;color:#697386;margin-top:18px;max-width:860px}@media(max-width:820px){#mfam .armgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .loadouts dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .varlist{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}}<\/style>\n<p> <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Can I fly in an F-5?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"No. The F-5 is a military fighter and there are no public F-5 passenger rides. You can, however, fly in several genuine ex-military fighter jets today via MiGFlug.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Is the F-5 the same as the T-38 Talon?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"They are close siblings developed from the Northrop N-156. The T-38 Talon is the two-seat supersonic trainer still used by the US Air Force, while the F-5 is the single-seat fighter. They share much of the airframe and the J85 engine.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Why was the F-5 used as an aggressor and in Top Gun?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The F-5 is small, agile and flies much like a MiG-21, making it an ideal surrogate enemy for dissimilar air combat training. Aggressor squadrons flew it as a pretend Soviet fighter, and Top Gun (1986) used it as the fictional MiG-28.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Did the F-5 ever shoot down enemy aircraft?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Yes. Ethiopian F-5Es are generally credited with the first air-to-air kills of an F-5 over MiG-21s in the 1977-78 Ogaden War, and Iranian F-5s claimed kills in the Iran-Iraq War. Exact numbers are debated.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"How fast is the F-5?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The F-5E Tiger II tops out at about Mach 1.6 (roughly 1,700 km\/h) at altitude, powered by two General Electric J85 afterburning turbojets.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"How many F-5s were built?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"More than 2,600 F-5 fighters were produced, plus around 1,200 T-38 trainers, with licence production in Canada, Spain, Switzerland, South Korea and Taiwan.\"}}]}<\/script> <\/p>\n<header class=\"hero\">\n<div class=\"hero-media\"><img data-opt-id=1022523473  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/northrop-f-5n-tiger-ii-navy-aggressor.jpg\"  src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20100%%20100%%22%20width%3D%22100%%22%20height%3D%22100%%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22100%%22%20height%3D%22100%%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"US Navy Northrop F-5N Tiger II aggressor jet in flight\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/\">Aircraft Museum<\/a> \u203a <span>Lightweight fighter<\/span> \u203a <span>Northrop F-5<\/span><\/div>\n<h1>Northrop F-5<br \/><em>\u201cFreedom Fighter \/ Tiger II\u201d<\/em><\/h1>\n<p class=\"sub\">The cheap, small, twin-engined fighter Northrop built for America\u2019s allies \u2014 so nimble and MiG-like that it became the West\u2019s favourite pretend enemy, from TOPGUN to Swiss aerobatics, and it is still flying in the 2020s.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>Mach 1.6<\/b><span>F-5E top speed \u00b7 ~1,700 km\/h<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>2 \u00d7 GE J85<\/b><span>Light twin-turbojet power<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>2,600+<\/b><span>F-5 fighters built (excl. T-38)<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1959\u2013today<\/b><span>First flight \u00b7 still in service<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"credit\">Photo: U.S. Navy \u00b7 Public domain<\/div>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Role<\/b>Lightweight fighter &amp; aggressor jet<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Era<\/b>Cold War to present<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Engine<\/b>2 \u00d7 General Electric J85<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Origin<\/b>USA \u00b7 Northrop<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Status<\/b>Active (many operators)<\/span><a class=\"chip fly\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/\">Want to fly a fighter jet yourself?<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The Story<\/div>\n<h2>The little fighter that armed the free world<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<p>In the mid-1950s a Northrop team toured NATO and SEATO countries and came home with a simple observation: America\u2019s allies needed a jet fighter they could actually afford, fly and maintain. The heavyweight Century-series fighters were too costly and too complex. Northrop\u2019s answer was the <strong>N-156<\/strong> \u2014 a small, light, twin-engined supersonic fighter designed around cost and simplicity rather than raw performance.<\/p>\n<p>The single-seat fighter first flew on 30 July 1959, and in 1962 the US Department of Defense picked it for the Military Assistance Program as the <strong>F-5A Freedom Fighter<\/strong>. It entered service in 1964, with the first examples delivered to Iran in early 1965. A two-seat trainer version of the same airframe became the <strong>T-38 Talon<\/strong>, which still trains US Air Force pilots today. Over the following decades the F-5 was built in the thousands and licence-produced in Canada, Spain, Switzerland, South Korea and Taiwan.<\/p>\n<p>An improved model, the <strong>F-5E Tiger II<\/strong>, won the US International Fighter Aircraft competition in 1970 and first flew in 1972 \u2014 better engines, a better wing and a real radar. But the F-5\u2019s strangest career was at home: its small size and MiG-like handling made it the perfect <strong>aggressor<\/strong>, the stand-in Soviet fighter that trained a generation of Western pilots and starred as the \u201cMiG-28\u201d in <em>Top Gun<\/em>. Upgraded Tigers still fly frontline and adversary missions into the 2020s.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pull\">Too cheap to be glamorous, too good to retire \u2014 the F-5 outlasted almost everything built to replace it.<cite><b>The export fighter<\/b> \u2014 that became the West\u2019s pretend MiG<\/cite><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"deepset\">\n<details class=\"deep\">\n<summary><span class=\"no\">01<\/span><span class=\"t\">Why Northrop built a \u201ccheap\u201d fighter \u2014 and why that turned out to be genius<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">\n<p>Most 1950s fighter design chased speed and altitude at any price. Northrop\u2019s designers went the other way. They wrapped two small <strong>General Electric J85<\/strong> turbojets \u2014 originally developed for a decoy drone \u2014 in the smallest, lightest airframe that could still go supersonic. The result weighed a fraction of its contemporaries, cost far less to buy and to run, and could operate from short, rough runways with minimal support.<\/p>\n<p>That frugality is exactly why the F-5 succeeded where flashier jets did not. It could be given or sold cheaply to dozens of allied air forces under the Military Assistance Program, kept flying by modest maintenance crews, and later operated in large numbers as a training adversary at a fraction of the cost of a real frontline fighter. The \u201ccompromise\u201d fighter became one of the most widely operated jets of the Cold War.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Design &amp; Engineering<\/div>\n<h2>What makes the F-5 special<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cards3\">\n<div class=\"ecard\">\n<div class=\"num\">01<\/div>\n<h3>Two small engines, a very light airframe<\/h3>\n<p>The F-5 is tiny by fighter standards \u2014 an empty weight around <strong>4.4 tonnes<\/strong> and a max takeoff weight of only about 11 tonnes. Power comes from two <strong>General Electric J85<\/strong> afterburning turbojets, roughly 22&nbsp;kN each in the Tiger II. The combination of light weight, a slim area-ruled fuselage and modest but efficient thrust gave the F-5 genuine agility, a small radar and visual signature, and honest supersonic performance to about <strong>Mach 1.6<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ecard\">\n<div class=\"num\">02<\/div>\n<h3>Affordable \u2014 and everywhere<\/h3>\n<p>The F-5 was designed to be <strong>cheap to buy and cheap to run<\/strong>. Simple systems, easy maintenance and short-field capability made it ideal for the US Military Assistance Program, and it was licence-built in Canada, Spain, Switzerland, South Korea and Taiwan. More than <strong>2,600<\/strong> F-5 fighters were produced (plus around 1,200 T-38 trainers), and it flew \u2014 and still flies \u2014 with dozens of air forces around the world.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ecard\">\n<div class=\"num\">03<\/div>\n<h3>The perfect pretend MiG<\/h3>\n<p>The F-5\u2019s size and handling were uncannily close to the <strong>MiG-21<\/strong> it was meant to fight. That made it the ideal <strong>aggressor<\/strong> aircraft for dissimilar air combat training. From the 1970s the USAF, US Navy TOPGUN and others flew F-5s as surrogate Soviet fighters, teaching Western pilots to beat the real thing \u2014 a role the type still performs today.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"deepset\">\n<details class=\"deep\">\n<summary><span class=\"no\">02<\/span><span class=\"t\">The J85 engine: a drone motor that powered a fighter<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">\n<p>The heart of the F-5 is the <strong>General Electric J85<\/strong>, a compact afterburning turbojet that began life as the powerplant for the McDonnell ADM-20 Quail decoy missile. Northrop scaled its fighter around a pair of them. In the F-5E Tiger II the uprated J85-GE-21 produced roughly <strong>22&nbsp;kN (about 5,000&nbsp;lbf) of thrust in afterburner<\/strong> each. Two of them in such a light airframe gave the Tiger II a healthy thrust-to-weight ratio and crisp acceleration \u2014 and the same engine family went on to power the T-38 Talon and a range of other aircraft.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"deep\">\n<summary><span class=\"no\">03<\/span><span class=\"t\">Freedom Fighter to Tiger II: what changed in the F-5E<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">\n<p>The original F-5A\/B Freedom Fighter was a day fighter with a simple gunsight and little radar. When the USAF ran its International Fighter Aircraft competition in 1970 to find a MiG-21 rival for export, Northrop reworked the design into the <strong>F-5E Tiger II<\/strong>. It gained uprated J85-GE-21 engines, a wider fuselage, extended and manoeuvre-flapped wings for better turning, an <strong>Emerson radar<\/strong>, and improved avionics. First flown in 1972, the Tiger II became the definitive F-5 and the version most widely used as both a frontline fighter and an aggressor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Technical Data<\/div>\n<h2>Full specifications (F-5E Tiger II)<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-note\">Baseline note: the figures below describe the single-seat <b>F-5E Tiger II<\/b> as delivered by Northrop in the 1970s &mdash; the definitive mark, the one built in the largest numbers and the one still flying with a dozen air forces. Deltas for the earlier <b>F-5A Freedom Fighter<\/b> and the two-seat <b>F-5F<\/b> in <span class=\"imp\">grey<\/span>. Where an upgraded fleet differs sharply from the baseline aircraft &mdash; Brazil, Chile, Thailand, Switzerland, the US Navy &mdash; that is said explicitly rather than folded into the number.<\/p>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Dimensions &amp; weights<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Crew<\/dt>\n<dd>1 <span class=\"imp\">(2 in the F-5B and F-5F. The F-5B trainer carries no cannon at all; the F-5F, whose nose was stretched by about 0.9 m (3 ft) to fit the second cockpit, keeps one gun with reduced ammunition)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Length<\/dt>\n<dd>14.68 m <span class=\"imp\">(48 ft 2 in) &mdash; F-5A 14.38 m (47 ft 2 in); F-5F about 15.7 m (51 ft 5 in)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Wingspan<\/dt>\n<dd>8.13 m <span class=\"imp\">(26 ft 8 in); 8.53 m (27 ft 11.9 in) over wingtip missile rails<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Height<\/dt>\n<dd>4.08 m <span class=\"imp\">(13 ft 4.5 in)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Wing area<\/dt>\n<dd>17.28 m&sup2; <span class=\"imp\">(186 sq ft), aspect ratio 3.86, NACA 65A004.8 section. The F-5A wing was 15.79 m&sup2; (170 sq ft); the Tiger II added enlarged leading-edge root extensions, and that extra area is most of what improved the turn<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Empty weight<\/dt>\n<dd>4,346 kg <span class=\"imp\">(9,583 lb) &mdash; lighter empty than a loaded Second World War heavy fighter, and roughly a third of an F-4 Phantom<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Gross weight, clean<\/dt>\n<dd>7,142 kg <span class=\"imp\">(15,745 lb)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Maximum take-off weight<\/dt>\n<dd>11,192 kg <span class=\"imp\">(24,675 lb)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Internal fuel<\/dt>\n<dd>~2,563 litres <span class=\"imp\">(677 US gal; 564 imp gal) &mdash; about 2,050 kg (4,520 lb). Short legs are the type&rsquo;s permanent weakness and no upgrade has fixed it<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>External fuel<\/dt>\n<dd>Up to 3 &times; 1,041-litre <span class=\"imp\">(275 US gal) Sargent Fletcher drop tanks; 568-litre (150 US gal) tanks also cleared<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Maximum external load<\/dt>\n<dd>3,175 kg <span class=\"imp\">(7,000 lb) across all stations, which is more than the airframe can usefully carry any distance<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Store stations<\/dt>\n<dd>7 <span class=\"imp\">&mdash; two wingtip missile rails, four underwing pylons and one centreline. Only stations 3, 4 and 5 are plumbed for fuel<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Wing loading<\/dt>\n<dd>649 kg\/m&sup2; <span class=\"imp\">(133 lb\/sq ft) at maximum take-off weight; about 413 kg\/m&sup2; (85 lb\/sq ft) clean &mdash; light enough to hold its own in a turning fight against far more expensive aircraft<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Performance<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Maximum speed, altitude<\/dt>\n<dd>1,730 km\/h <span class=\"imp\">(1,075 mph), Mach 1.63 at 11,000 m (36,000 ft)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Maximum cruise speed<\/dt>\n<dd>1,041 km\/h <span class=\"imp\">(647 mph), Mach 0.98 at 11,000 m (36,000 ft)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Never-exceed speed<\/dt>\n<dd>1,315 km\/h <span class=\"imp\">(817 mph) indicated, 710 kn IAS<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Stall speed<\/dt>\n<dd>230 km\/h <span class=\"imp\">(143 mph; 124 kn) at 50% internal fuel with flaps and undercarriage down<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Rate of climb<\/dt>\n<dd>175 m\/s <span class=\"imp\">(34,500 ft\/min)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Service ceiling<\/dt>\n<dd>15,790 m <span class=\"imp\">(51,800 ft); 12,500 m (41,000 ft) on one engine &mdash; twin engines on a light fighter buy real redundancy, and several operators chose the type for exactly that<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Combat radius<\/dt>\n<dd>~222 km <span class=\"imp\">(~138 mi; 120 nmi) with two Sidewinders and 2,360 kg (5,200 lb) of ordnance, five minutes of combat at maximum power at sea level, 20 minutes reserve<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Range, clean<\/dt>\n<dd>891 km <span class=\"imp\">(554 mi; 481 nmi)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Ferry range<\/dt>\n<dd>2,565 km <span class=\"imp\">(1,594 mi; 1,385 nmi) with drop tanks retained; 2,945 km (1,830 mi) if they are jettisoned<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Take-off run<\/dt>\n<dd>610 m <span class=\"imp\">(2,000 ft) with two Sidewinders at 7,142 kg; 884 m (2,900 ft) to clear 15 m (50 ft). The two-position nose leg borrowed from the Canadian CF-5 rotates the aircraft on the ground and shortens the run<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Landing run from 15 m<\/dt>\n<dd>762 m <span class=\"imp\">(2,500 ft) with the brake chute; 1,128 m (3,700 ft) without it<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Thrust-to-weight<\/dt>\n<dd>0.63 <span class=\"imp\">clean at gross weight, falling to 0.40 at maximum take-off weight. Acceleration was the F-5E&rsquo;s weakest quality and the single reason Northrop went looking for one F404 to replace two J85s<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Lift-to-drag ratio<\/dt>\n<dd>10:1 <span class=\"imp\">&mdash; exceptionally clean for a supersonic fighter, and the reason it goes as far as it does on very little fuel<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable wide\">\n<h4>Propulsion &amp; systems<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Engine<\/dt>\n<dd>2 &times; General Electric J85-GE-21 afterburning turbojets <span class=\"imp\">&mdash; an engine originally designed as the powerplant for the ADM-20 Quail decoy carried by B-52s, with a thrust-to-weight ratio of 6.25 to 7.5 against about 4.7 for the F-4&rsquo;s J79. The whole aircraft was designed around the availability of that engine. The F-5A used the smaller J85-GE-13<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Thrust<\/dt>\n<dd>15.6 kN <span class=\"imp\">(3,500 lbf)<\/span> dry, 22.2 kN <span class=\"imp\">(5,000 lbf)<\/span> with afterburner, each <span class=\"imp\">&mdash; 44.4 kN (10,000 lbf) total in reheat. The F-5A&rsquo;s J85-GE-13 gave 18.1 kN (4,080 lbf) each<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Fuel and refuelling<\/dt>\n<dd>~2,563 litres internal in fuselage and wing tanks, three plumbed external stations. No refuelling probe as standard: the twelve <i>Skoshi Tiger<\/i> F-5C aircraft sent to Vietnam had a removable non-retractable probe bolted to the port side, and several export fleets later added one<\/dd>\n<dt>Radar<\/dt>\n<dd>Emerson AN\/APQ-153 on early F-5E, replaced in later production by the planar-array AN\/APQ-159 with about 37 km (20 nmi) range. AN\/APQ-157 in the F-5F; AN\/APG-69 with ground-mapping on US Navy F-5N and some Swiss aircraft. <span class=\"imp\">The F-5A and F-5B had no radar at all &mdash; that, more than anything else, is what separates the two generations. Upgraded fleets fly Leonardo Grifo-F (Brazil, formerly Singapore) or Elta EL\/M-2032 (Chile, Thailand, Morocco) sets that outclass anything Emerson ever built for the type<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sights and cockpit<\/dt>\n<dd>Lead-computing optical sight and analogue instruments as delivered. <span class=\"imp\">The Brazilian F-5EM, Chilean Tiger III and Thai F-5TH have glass cockpits, HOTAS, wide-angle HUDs and Elbit DASH helmet-mounted sights &mdash; a 1959 airframe flying a 2010s cockpit<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Defensive aids<\/dt>\n<dd>None fitted as standard on early aircraft; AN\/ALR-46 or AN\/ALR-87 radar warning receivers and chaff and flare dispensers added progressively. <span class=\"imp\">Brazil and Thailand carry the Rafael Sky Shield jamming pod; Switzerland flew the Ericsson Vista 5 jammer<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Ejection seat<\/dt>\n<dd>Northrop-built rocket-assisted seat as delivered, with a minimum safe ejection speed above zero. <span class=\"imp\">Zero-zero seats were fitted in several later upgrade programmes; the exact fit varies by operator<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>First flight<\/dt>\n<dd>N-156F prototype 30 July 1959, supersonic on its first flight; F-5E 11 August 1972; F-5F 25 September 1974<\/dd>\n<dt>Service entry<\/dt>\n<dd>F-5A with the USAF 4441st Combat Crew Training Squadron at Williams AFB, 30 April 1964, training allied crews rather than American ones; F-5E with the 425th TFS, 6 April 1973<\/dd>\n<dt>Number built<\/dt>\n<dd>~2,600 <span class=\"imp\">&mdash; 1,204 of the F-5A\/B\/C\/D generation and 1,399 F-5E\/F\/RF-5E. Licence and offshore production accounts for a large share: 240 by Canadair, 308 by AIDC in Taiwan, 91 in Switzerland, 70 by CASA in Spain and 68 by Korean Air. The related T-38 Talon adds another 1,189 airframes on the same design philosophy<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Cost<\/dt>\n<dd>No single published flyaway figure covers the type, but the comparison that mattered held: in 1972 an F-5 cost about a third of an F-4 Phantom, and the US Navy today reckons it operates the F-5 for roughly a third of the hourly cost of an F\/A-18. <span class=\"imp\">Life-cycle cost was an explicit design parameter from the start, which is why chief engineer Welko Gasich, not the marketing department, is the man usually credited with the aeroplane&rsquo;s longevity<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"deepset\">\n<details class=\"deep\">\n<summary><span class=\"no\">04<\/span><span class=\"t\">The F-5\u2019s operating cost: why it became the aggressor of choice<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">\n<p>Exact dollar figures for the F-5 vary by variant, year and buyer, so any single number is an estimate. What is consistently reported is that the F-5 was <strong>cheap to acquire and cheap to fly<\/strong> relative to frontline fighters. That economy is precisely why the US Navy and Air Force adopted it as an aggressor: reporting around the adversary role has cited the F-5 as costing on the order of <strong>one-third<\/strong> as much per flight hour to operate as a fast jet like the F\/A-18. Whatever the precise figures, low cost is the thread that runs through the entire F-5 story \u2014 from Military Assistance Program exports to red-air training today.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr>\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<p class=\"kicker\">Armament &amp; payload<\/p>\n<h2>The F-5E was armed as a 1972 gunfighter, and almost every operator that kept it has spent thirty years bolting a modern missile onto it<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">As Northrop built it, the Tiger II carried two 20 mm cannon in the nose, a Sidewinder on each wingtip and whatever iron would fit on five pylons. That was a deliberate choice, not an oversight: the International Fighter Aircraft requirement was for something a modestly funded air force could arm, maintain and afford, and a radar-guided missile in 1970 was neither cheap nor reliable. The consequence is that the aeroplane aged badly in exactly one dimension &mdash; it could not shoot beyond visual range &mdash; and the entire global upgrade industry that grew up around it from the 1990s exists to fix that one thing. Brazil, Chile and Thailand now fly F-5s with Israeli radars firing the active-radar Derby; Thailand adds IRIS-T and Python-4 with a helmet sight. <span class=\"imp\">Clearances vary more between F-5 fleets than for almost any other type. AMRAAM was integrated only on Singapore&rsquo;s F-5S, which left service around 2015, so no F-5 flying today carries an American beyond-visual-range missile; the Iranian fits of Russian missiles on Saeqeh derivatives are claimed rather than demonstrated; and the US Navy and Marine aircraft carry no live weapons at all.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"armgrid\">\n<div class=\"armcard\">\n<h4>Gun<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>2 &times; Ford Aerospace M39A2 20 mm revolver cannon in the nose, 280 rounds per gun &mdash; a single-barrel revolver design, not a rotary, firing at about 1,500 rounds per minute<\/li>\n<li>The two-seat F-5F retains one M39A2 with roughly half the ammunition; the F-5B trainer and the RF-5A carry none<\/li>\n<li>The RF-5E Tigereye gives up the radar and one cannon to the camera pallet, keeping a single gun<\/li>\n<li>1 &times; GPU-5\/A podded 30 mm GAU-13 gun on the centreline &mdash; fitted only by the Royal Thai Air Force, and an unusually heavy weapon for the airframe<\/li>\n<li>20 mm is light by the standards of the aircraft&rsquo;s European contemporaries, which mostly chose 30 mm; against the MiG-17 and MiG-21 the F-5 was built to fight, it was enough<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"armcard\">\n<h4>Air-to-air<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>AIM-9 Sidewinder on both wingtip rails &mdash; AIM-9B and AIM-9J on early aircraft, AIM-9P and AIM-9M later. Upgraded fleets carry four, moving two to underwing stations<\/li>\n<li>Rafael Python III, Python IV and Python-4 on Ecuadorian, Chilean and Thai aircraft, cued by an Elbit DASH helmet-mounted sight on the Brazilian and Thai fleets<\/li>\n<li>Rafael Derby and I-Derby ER active-radar beyond-visual-range missiles &mdash; the Brazilian F-5EM, Chilean Tiger III and Thai F-5TH, and the only genuine BVR capability the type has today<\/li>\n<li>Diehl IRIS-T on the Thai F-5TH Super Tigris, which is the most heavily modernised F-5 fleet anywhere<\/li>\n<li>AIM-120 AMRAAM: cleared only on Singapore&rsquo;s F-5S, now retired. <span class=\"imp\">The claim that F-5s generally carry AMRAAM is a common error and worth correcting<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"armcard\">\n<h4>Air-to-surface guided<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>AGM-65 Maverick, up to four, on aircraft upgraded after about 1995 &mdash; the standard Western stand-off answer to armour and hardened targets<\/li>\n<li>Paveway II laser-guided bombs, self-designated once a targeting pod is carried; GBU-12 is the common fit<\/li>\n<li>Rafael Lizard laser guidance kits on Thai aircraft, and Brazilian Mectron and SMKB guided weapons on the F-5EM<\/li>\n<li>The baseline 1972 F-5E carried no guided air-to-surface weapon whatsoever. Everything in this card is a retrofit<\/li>\n<li>No anti-radiation and no anti-ship missile has ever been a standard F-5 fit &mdash; a real gap for operators such as Brazil and Taiwan with long coastlines<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"armcard\">\n<h4>Bombs<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Mark 80 series unguided bombs &mdash; Mk 82 (227 kg), Mk 83 and Mk 84, with the practical load closer to four or six Mk 82 than to the 3,175 kg paper maximum<\/li>\n<li>CBU-24, CBU-49, CBU-52 and CBU-58 cluster munitions &mdash; heavily used by Iran against Iraqi armour in the 1980s and by Morocco over the Western Sahara<\/li>\n<li>Napalm canisters and the M129 leaflet bomb, both cleared and both used in South-East Asia<\/li>\n<li>3 kg and 14 kg practice bombs on multiple ejector racks, which is what most F-5s actually drop in a normal training year<\/li>\n<li>Iron bombs remain the type&rsquo;s bread and butter: the 1965&ndash;66 <i>Skoshi Tiger<\/i> evaluation rated the F-5 as good a ground-attack aircraft as the far larger F-100 Super Sabre, with shorter legs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"armcard\">\n<h4>Rockets<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>2 &times; LAU-61 or LAU-68 pods, 19 or 7 Hydra 70 mm rockets each &mdash; the standard American fit<\/li>\n<li>2 &times; LAU-5003 pods with 19 &times; CRV7 70 mm rockets, the higher-velocity Canadian round, on Canadair-built CF-5 and NF-5 airframes and their many second-hand owners<\/li>\n<li>2 &times; LAU-10 pods with 4 &times; 127 mm Zuni rockets each &mdash; heavy, short-ranged and effective against soft targets and light structures<\/li>\n<li>2 &times; Matra pods with 18 &times; SNEB 68 mm rockets, the usual European fit on French-supplied and French-influenced fleets<\/li>\n<li>Unguided rockets were a serious weapon for this aircraft rather than a legacy entry, and remain so for the African and Latin American operators<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"armcard\">\n<h4>Pods &amp; other stores<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Up to 3 &times; Sargent Fletcher drop tanks of 1,041 litres (275 US gal) or 568 litres (150 US gal) &mdash; on an aircraft this short-legged, tanks are close to mandatory equipment<\/li>\n<li>Rafael Litening III targeting pods on Brazilian and Thai aircraft, which is what makes their laser-guided weapons usable<\/li>\n<li>Rafael Sky Shield jamming pods (Brazil, Thailand); the Ericsson Vista 5 jammer flew on Swiss F-5F<\/li>\n<li>Reconnaissance is a nose, not a pod: the RF-5A carries a four-camera nose, the RF-5E Tigereye a modular sensor pallet, and Taiwan&rsquo;s seven RF-5E Tigergazer conversions served until July 2025<\/li>\n<li>Buddy-lasing and datalink are recent additions &mdash; Brazil&rsquo;s Link-BR2 lets an F-5EM take a track from an E-99 airborne early-warning aircraft, which is a genuinely modern capability on a 1970s airframe<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"loadouts\">\n<h4>Three typical loadouts<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Adversary sortie, US Navy VFC-13 or VMFT-401, today<\/dt>\n<dd style=\"text-align:left\">Clean, or with a single centreline tank. No weapons, no live ordnance, occasionally a captive Sidewinder seeker head and an ACMI instrumentation pod on a wingtip rail. The aircraft&rsquo;s job is to be small, agile and difficult to see &mdash; and it is very hard to see<\/dd>\n<dt>Air defence alert, Brazilian F-5EM, 2020s<\/dt>\n<dd style=\"text-align:left\">2 &times; Derby beyond-visual-range missiles on underwing stations, 2 &times; Python IV on the wingtips, 1 &times; centreline 1,041-litre tank, 280 rounds per gun. Grifo-F radar, DASH helmet sight and a Link-BR2 track from an E-99. This is the F-5 doing a job it was never designed for and doing it credibly<\/dd>\n<dt>Interdiction, Iranian F-5E, Iran&ndash;Iraq War, 1982&ndash;86<\/dt>\n<dd style=\"text-align:left\">4 &times; Mk 82 or a pair of CBU-58 cluster munitions on the underwing pylons, 2 &times; AIM-9P on the wingtips, 1 &times; centreline tank. Iran flew this profile at very low level for years against Iraqi armour, and kept serviceability high on the F-5 long after its F-4s and F-14s were grounded for spares<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"spx-note\"><span class=\"imp\">Sourcing caveat: the baseline armament list follows Jane&rsquo;s All the World&rsquo;s Aircraft and Northrop&rsquo;s own published clearances for the F-5E. Upgrade fits are drawn from the integrator and customer announcements &mdash; Elbit and Embraer for Brazil, Elbit for Chile and Thailand, RV Connex for the F-5TH &mdash; and those are marketing documents as much as technical ones. Iranian weapon integrations on the Azarakhsh, Saeqeh and Kowsar are asserted by Iranian state media and have not been independently verified; they are listed nowhere above for that reason.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr>\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<p class=\"kicker\">Variants<\/p>\n<h2>Northrop built two different aeroplanes under one designation, and other people built at least six more<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">The F-5 family divides cleanly in two. The F-5A and F-5B Freedom Fighter of 1962 was a cheap radar-less day fighter distributed to allies under the Military Assistance Program &mdash; the aircraft the United States gave away rather than sold. The F-5E and F-5F Tiger II of 1970 won the International Fighter Aircraft competition on the strength of a radar, more thrust and enlarged leading-edge root extensions, and it is a genuinely different machine. Both descend from the T-38 Talon trainer, which flew first and outsold both.<\/p>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">The second half of the story is not Northrop&rsquo;s. Canadair, CASA, AIDC in Taiwan, Korean Air and the Swiss federal aircraft factory built more than 700 airframes between them, and since the 1990s Elbit, Embraer, ST Aerospace, IAI and Leonardo have rebuilt hundreds more. The result is an aircraft whose most capable examples were never touched by its manufacturer.<\/p>\n<dl class=\"varlist\">\n<dt>N-156F \/ F-5A \/ F-5B Freedom Fighter <span class=\"imp\">(1959&ndash;1972, 3 prototypes, 624 F-5A and 200 F-5B)<\/span><\/dt>\n<dd style=\"text-align:left\">The private-venture prototype went supersonic on its first flight, was shelved when USAF interest lapsed in 1960 and was revived by the Kennedy administration&rsquo;s 1962 export-fighter requirement. The production aircraft had two J85-GE-13, no radar and two 20 mm guns; the two-seat F-5B had none. Norway placed the first international order in February 1964.<\/dd>\n<dt>RF-5A <span class=\"imp\">(from 1964, ~86&ndash;120 built)<\/span><\/dt>\n<dd style=\"text-align:left\">Four-camera reconnaissance nose in place of the guns. The recce F-5 is a genuine sub-family; the later RF-5E Tigereye took the idea to Saudi Arabia and Malaysia, and Taiwan&rsquo;s RF-5E Tigergazer conversions flew until 2025.<\/dd>\n<dt>F-5C <i>Skoshi Tiger<\/i> <span class=\"imp\">(1965&ndash;66, 12 converted)<\/span><\/dt>\n<dd style=\"text-align:left\">Twelve F-5A given a bolt-on refuelling probe, 41 kg of cockpit and engine armour and jettisonable pylons for a five-month combat evaluation in Vietnam. Officially a success; in practice a sales demonstration.<\/dd>\n<dt>F-5E \/ F-5F Tiger II <span class=\"imp\">(1972&ndash;1987, 792 F-5E and 146 F-5F by Northrop)<\/span><\/dt>\n<dd style=\"text-align:left\">J85-GE-21 engines, AN\/APQ-153 then AN\/APQ-159 radar, enlarged wing root extensions, two-position nose leg. The F-5F stretched the nose to fit a second seat and kept one gun.<\/dd>\n<dt>CF-5 \/ NF-5 \/ SF-5 <span class=\"imp\">(1968&ndash;1975, 240 by Canadair and 70 by CASA)<\/span><\/dt>\n<dd style=\"text-align:left\">Licence production for Canada (CF-116), the Netherlands and Spain, with Orenda-built engines and two-position nose gear in the Canadian aircraft. Their second-hand descendants now fly in Botswana, Turkey and Venezuela.<\/dd>\n<dt>KF-5E\/F and AIDC <i>Chung Cheng<\/i> <span class=\"imp\">(1974&ndash;1986, 68 in Korea and 308 in Taiwan)<\/span><\/dt>\n<dd style=\"text-align:left\">Offshore Tiger II production. Taiwan built more F-5s than any country other than the United States and once held 336 of them; the last batch used the F-20&rsquo;s shark nose.<\/dd>\n<dt>F-5S\/T, F-5EM\/FM, Tiger III, F-5TH Super Tigris, F-5TIII <span class=\"imp\">(Singapore, Brazil, Chile, Thailand, Morocco, 1993&ndash;present)<\/span><\/dt>\n<dd style=\"text-align:left\">The modern upgrade industry, and the reason the type is still flying. Singapore rebuilt about 49 aircraft with the FIAR Grifo-F, AMRAAM and Python and retired them around 2015; Brazil rebuilt 46 and then 11 more with the Grifo-F, air-to-air refuelling, Derby and Link-BR2; Chile fitted the EL\/M-2032 in 1993 and again in the Tiger III Plus; Thailand&rsquo;s 14 F-5TH carry EL\/M-2032, Link-T, IRIS-T and I-Derby; Morocco has 24 F-5TIII.<\/dd>\n<dt>F-5N <span class=\"imp\">(US Navy and Marine Corps, from 2006, ~41 in service)<\/span><\/dt>\n<dd style=\"text-align:left\">Low-hours ex-Swiss F-5E rebuilt with AN\/APG-69 radar and modern avionics for the adversary role, plus three two-seat &quot;FrankenTiger&quot; hybrids grafting an F-5F front fuselage onto an F-5E rear.<\/dd>\n<dt>Azarakhsh, Saeqeh, Kowsar <span class=\"imp\">(Iran, 1997&ndash;present, numbers unclear)<\/span><\/dt>\n<dd style=\"text-align:left\">Unlicensed Iranian derivatives: the Azarakhsh with relocated intakes, the Saeqeh with canted twin fins, the two-seat Kowsar. Real aircraft, flying and shown publicly, but built in small numbers and with capabilities that Iranian claims consistently overstate.<\/dd>\n<dt>F-20 Tigershark <span class=\"imp\">(1982&ndash;1986, 3 built, none sold)<\/span><\/dt>\n<dd style=\"text-align:left\">One General Electric F404 in place of two J85s &mdash; 60% more thrust, thrust-to-weight raised from 1.0 to 1.13, an AN\/APG-67 radar and AIM-7 Sparrow capability the F-16A then lacked. Northrop spent over US$750 million of its own money. Washington preferred to sell the F-16, two prototypes were lost in fatal demonstration crashes, and the programme was cancelled in November 1986.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<p class=\"spx-note\"><span class=\"imp\">Closing caveat: F-5 variant designations are a thicket. The same airframe can carry a Northrop model number, a US military designation, a licence-builder&rsquo;s name and a national designation &mdash; a Royal Thai Air Force F-5E is also a B.Kh.18B, a Spanish F-5B is an AE.9, a Canadian CF-5A is a CF-116. Production totals for the reconnaissance marks in particular vary between sources; the figures above follow Johnsen and Jane&rsquo;s where they can be reconciled, and are given as approximations where they cannot.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>From MAP export to modern aggressor<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1955<\/div>\n<h3>The N-156 concept<\/h3>\n<p>Northrop begins studies for a small, cheap, twin-engined lightweight fighter for America\u2019s allies.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1959<\/div>\n<h3>First flight<\/h3>\n<p>The single-seat N-156F prototype flies on 30 July; the T-38 Talon trainer sibling had first flown that April.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1962\u201364<\/div>\n<h3>F-5A Freedom Fighter<\/h3>\n<p>Chosen for the Military Assistance Program as the F-5A; enters service in 1964, first delivered to Iran in early 1965.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1965<\/div>\n<h3>Skoshi Tiger<\/h3>\n<p>The USAF sends F-5s to Vietnam for a combat evaluation; the aircraft later pass to the South Vietnamese Air Force.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1970\u201372<\/div>\n<h3>Tiger II<\/h3>\n<p>The improved F-5E wins the International Fighter Aircraft competition and first flies on 11 August 1972.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1972\u201375<\/div>\n<h3>Enter the aggressors<\/h3>\n<p>The USAF stands up dedicated Aggressor squadrons flying F-5s as MiG surrogates; the US Navy TOPGUN school does the same.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1977\u201388<\/div>\n<h3>Real combat<\/h3>\n<p>Ethiopian F-5Es fight Somali MiG-21s over the Ogaden; Iranian F-5s fly throughout the Iran\u2013Iraq War.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2024<\/div>\n<h3>Still on the flight line<\/h3>\n<p>Ex-Swiss F-5s transfer to the US Navy for aggressor duty; Switzerland plans to retire its Tigers and Patrouille Suisse around 2027.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Stories &amp; Eyewitnesses<\/div>\n<h2>Twelve F-5 stories<\/h2>\n<div class=\"car\"><button class=\"cbtn p\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('stcar').scrollBy({left:-712,behavior:'smooth'})\">\u2039<\/button><button class=\"cbtn n\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('stcar').scrollBy({left:712,behavior:'smooth'})\">\u203a<\/button><\/p>\n<div class=\"track\" id=\"stcar\">\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Origins<\/div>\n<h4>A fighter shaped by a sales trip<\/h4>\n<p>A 1950s Northrop tour of allied air forces led directly to the cheapest supersonic fighter of its day.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">The F-5 did not begin with a fighter requirement but with market research. In the mid-1950s Northrop toured NATO and SEATO nations and concluded that America\u2019s allies needed something the US arsenal did not offer: a supersonic jet cheap and simple enough for smaller air forces to buy, fly and maintain. The N-156 was built to fill that gap \u2014 and it became one of the most widely exported fighters ever.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Engineering<\/div>\n<h4>Two decoy-drone engines<\/h4>\n<p>The J85 turbojet was born for a missile, not a fighter \u2014 Northrop built its jet around a pair of them.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">The General Electric J85 that powers the F-5 started life as the engine for a small air-launched decoy. Compact and powerful for its size, it was exactly what Northrop needed to keep its fighter tiny and light. Two J85s gave the F-5 supersonic speed in an airframe a fraction of the weight of its contemporaries \u2014 and the same engine family went on to power the T-38 Talon trainer.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">The sibling<\/div>\n<h4>The T-38 that never left<\/h4>\n<p>The F-5\u2019s two-seat trainer cousin still teaches US Air Force pilots more than sixty years on.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">Before the F-5A was ordered as a fighter, the US Air Force bought its two-seat trainer version: the T-38 Talon. Sleek, supersonic and cheap to run, the Talon became the standard USAF advanced jet trainer \u2014 and remarkably it is still in that job today, more than sixty years after its first flight, making the F-5 family one of the longest-serving designs in aviation.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Vietnam<\/div>\n<h4>Skoshi Tiger<\/h4>\n<p>A small squadron of F-5s went to Vietnam in 1965 to prove the little fighter could fight.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">In October 1965 the USAF sent a detachment of F-5s to Vietnam under the programme name Skoshi Tiger \u2014 from a Japanese word for \u201ca little.\u201d The jets flew thousands of ground-attack sorties from Bien Hoa to evaluate the type in combat. The aircraft were later handed to the South Vietnamese Air Force, which flew both F-5A and F-5E until the fall of Saigon in 1975.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Ogaden<\/div>\n<h4>First blood against the MiG-21<\/h4>\n<p>Ethiopian F-5Es are generally credited with the first air-to-air kills of an F-5 over a MiG-21.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">When Somalia invaded Ethiopia in 1977, Ethiopian F-5A and F-5E fighters met Somali MiG-21s in the skies over the Ogaden. Ethiopian Tiger II pilots are widely credited with scoring the first F-5-versus-MiG-21 air-to-air kills, reportedly downing multiple MiG-21s and MiG-17s. Exact tallies vary between sources, but the Ethiopian F-5 came out of the war with a strong reputation against its Soviet-built rival.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Iran<\/div>\n<h4>Tigers over the Gulf<\/h4>\n<p>Iranian F-5s flew hard through the Iran\u2013Iraq War, claiming kills against Iraqi jets.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">Iran was one of the earliest and largest F-5 operators, and its F-5A\/B and F-5E\/F fighters flew intensively during the 1980\u201388 Iran\u2013Iraq War \u2014 ground attack, escort and air defence. Iranian pilots claimed a number of air-to-air victories against Iraqi aircraft including MiG-21s. Precise scores are contested and hard to verify from open sources, but the F-5 remained a workhorse of the Iranian air force throughout the conflict.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">TOPGUN<\/div>\n<h4>The MiG-28 that never existed<\/h4>\n<p>The \u201cenemy\u201d jets in Top Gun were F-5s wearing black paint.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">The menacing \u201cMiG-28\u201d of the 1986 film <em>Top Gun<\/em> was pure fiction \u2014 there is no such Soviet aircraft. The jets on screen were US Navy F-5s, chosen because they were available, safe to fly close to the cameras, and looked convincingly like a small Soviet fighter. It was fitting casting: by then the F-5 had spent more than a decade playing the enemy for real, in aggressor squadrons.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Aggressors<\/div>\n<h4>Learning to beat the MiG<\/h4>\n<p>The F-5\u2019s MiG-like size and handling made it the perfect training adversary.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">From the early 1970s the US Air Force and Navy realised that pilots learned dogfighting best against an aircraft that flew like the enemy. The small, agile F-5 was close enough to a MiG-21 in size and performance to be the ideal surrogate. Painted in Soviet-style camouflage and flown by specially trained aggressor pilots, F-5s taught thousands of Western aircrew how to recognise and defeat Warsaw Pact tactics.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Neutral colours<\/div>\n<h4>Switzerland\u2019s Tigers<\/h4>\n<p>Switzerland flew the F-5 for decades and made it the mount of its national aerobatic team.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">Switzerland bought the F-5E\/F in the 1970s and assembled many locally, operating the type as a frontline fighter for decades. The jet also became the aircraft of the Patrouille Suisse, the Swiss Air Force\u2019s national aerobatic team, whose red-and-white Tigers are a fixture of European air shows. Switzerland plans to retire its remaining Tigers \u2014 and the jet team \u2014 around 2027.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Second wind<\/div>\n<h4>Ex-Swiss jets, US colours<\/h4>\n<p>In 2024 the US Navy began taking on retired Swiss F-5s to keep its aggressor fleet flying.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">Decades after buying the F-5, the United States started buying it back. From 2024 the US Navy began acquiring retired Swiss F-5s to bolster its stretched \u201cred air\u201d adversary force. Refurbished and upgraded, these Cold War jets are keeping the aggressor mission alive well into the 2020s \u2014 a fitting encore for the fighter that invented the modern adversary role.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Upgrades<\/div>\n<h4>The digital Tiger<\/h4>\n<p>Modern avionics have kept the F-5 relevant far longer than anyone expected.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">Rather than retire the F-5, several operators rebuilt it. Brazil\u2019s F-5M, Chile\u2019s upgraded Tigers, Thailand\u2019s F-5TH Super Tigris and various US adversary upgrades added modern radars, glass cockpits, data links and new weapons. These programmes turned a 1970s day fighter into a credible light combat and training aircraft \u2014 proof that a cheap, sound airframe can be updated almost indefinitely.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Legacy<\/div>\n<h4>The fighter that armed the world<\/h4>\n<p>Dozens of air forces flew the F-5 \u2014 and many still do.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">Few fighters have served as widely as the F-5. Built in the thousands and licence-produced on three continents, it equipped the air forces of allies from Norway to Taiwan, from Morocco to Brazil. Some retired it long ago; others fly upgraded Tigers today. As a frontline fighter, a trainer\u2019s sibling and the definitive aggressor, the small, cheap F-5 left a footprint out of all proportion to its size.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Gallery<\/div>\n<h2>The F-5 in pictures<\/h2>\n<div class=\"car\"><button class=\"cbtn p\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('gal').scrollBy({left:-660,behavior:'smooth'})\">\u2039<\/button><button class=\"cbtn n\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('gal').scrollBy({left:660,behavior:'smooth'})\">\u203a<\/button><\/p>\n<div class=\"track gal\" id=\"gal\">\n<figure data-full=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/northrop-f-5e-usaf-527th-aggressor.jpg\"><img data-opt-id=1372109871  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:768\/h:473\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/northrop-f-5e-usaf-527th-aggressor.jpg\"  class=\"ph\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20768%20473%22%20width%3D%22768%22%20height%3D%22473%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22768%22%20height%3D%22473%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"A USAF 527th Aggressor Squadron F-5E in disruptive camouflage  the classic pretend-MiG.\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>A USAF 527th Aggressor Squadron F-5E in disruptive camouflage \u2014 the classic pretend-MiG.<span>Photo: United States Air Force \u00b7 Public domain<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure data-full=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/northrop-f-5-4477th-red-eagles-mig.jpg\"><img data-opt-id=711986367  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:980\/h:641\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/northrop-f-5-4477th-red-eagles-mig.jpg\"  class=\"ph\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20980%20641%22%20width%3D%22980%22%20height%3D%22641%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22980%22%20height%3D%22641%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"Two F-5s fly with a real MiG-17 and MiG-21 of the secret 4477th Red Eagles unit.\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>Two F-5s fly with a real MiG-17 and MiG-21 of the secret 4477th \u201cRed Eagles\u201d unit.<span>Photo: United States Air Force \u00b7 Public domain<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure data-full=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/northrop-f-5e-patrouille-suisse.jpg\"><img data-opt-id=1778902908  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:980\/h:650\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/northrop-f-5e-patrouille-suisse.jpg\"  class=\"ph\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20980%20650%22%20width%3D%22980%22%20height%3D%22650%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22980%22%20height%3D%22650%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"Five F-5E Tiger IIs of the Swiss Patrouille Suisse banking in formation.\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>Five F-5E Tiger IIs of the Swiss Patrouille Suisse banking in formation.<span>Photo: Yannick Bammert \u00b7 CC BY 2.0<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure data-full=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/northrop-f-5m-brazilian-air-force.jpg\"><img data-opt-id=928650385  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/northrop-f-5m-brazilian-air-force.jpg\"  class=\"ph\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20100%%20100%%22%20width%3D%22100%%22%20height%3D%22100%%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22100%%22%20height%3D%22100%%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"An upgraded F-5M of the Brazilian Air Force  a 1970s jet given a modern cockpit and radar.\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>An upgraded F-5M of the Brazilian Air Force \u2014 a 1970s jet given a modern cockpit and radar.<span>Photo: Brazilian Air Force (FAB) \u00b7 CC BY 3.0 BR<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure data-full=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:1280\/h:849\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/northrop-kf-5f-south-korea-air-force.jpg\"><img data-opt-id=1603367691  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:980\/h:650\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/northrop-kf-5f-south-korea-air-force.jpg\"  class=\"ph\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20980%20650%22%20width%3D%22980%22%20height%3D%22650%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22980%22%20height%3D%22650%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"A licence-built KF-5F Tiger II of the Republic of Korea Air Force.\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>A licence-built KF-5F Tiger II of the Republic of Korea Air Force.<span>Photo: Jerry Gunner \u00b7 CC BY 2.0<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure data-full=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/northrop-f-5a-south-vietnam-air-force.jpg\"><img data-opt-id=1666450834  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/northrop-f-5a-south-vietnam-air-force.jpg\"  class=\"ph\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20100%%20100%%22%20width%3D%22100%%22%20height%3D%22100%%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22100%%22%20height%3D%22100%%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"An F-5A Freedom Fighter of the South Vietnamese Air Force over Vietnam.\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>An F-5A Freedom Fighter of the South Vietnamese Air Force over Vietnam.<span>Photo: USAF \u00b7 Public domain<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Watch<\/div>\n<h2>The F-5 in motion<\/h2>\n<p>A dedicated F-5 video feature is coming soon. In the meantime, explore the gallery above and the twelve stories \u2014 from Skoshi Tiger over Vietnam to the ex-Swiss Tigers now flying US Navy aggressor missions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Watch<\/div>\n<h2>The F-5 Freedom Fighter in motion<\/h2>\n<div class=\"vidwrap\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/8WRiA1VPTUU\" title=\"Northrop F-5 \/ F-5E Tiger II documentary \u2014 Skyships Eng\" loading=\"lazy\" allow=\"accelerometer; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>Skyships Eng \u2014 one of the most-watched F-5 Freedom Fighter films on YouTube.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Operations<\/div>\n<h2>Where the F-5 flies<\/h2>\n<div id=\"f5-map-widget\" style=\"font-family:'Gilroy semiBold','Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,Lucida,sans-serif;max-width:1080px;width:100%;\">\n<div id=\"f5-map-container\" style=\"width:100%;position:relative\"><svg id=\"f5-map-svg\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;display:block\"><\/svg><\/p>\n<div id=\"f5-tooltip\" style=\"position:fixed;background:#1a1a2e;color:#fff;padding:10px 16px;border-radius:6px;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:.3px;pointer-events:auto;opacity:0;transition:opacity .15s;z-index:1000;max-width:360px;line-height:1.5\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"f5-controls\" style=\"display:flex;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;margin-top:12px;\"> <button class=\"f5-toggle active\" data-cat=\"migflug\" data-full=\"Origin \u2014 Northrop (USA)\" data-short=\"Origin\" style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;padding:8px 12px;border:2px solid #5C91FF;border-radius:0;background:#fff;cursor:pointer;font-family:inherit;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;color:#1a1a2e;white-space:nowrap;transition:all .25s\"><\/p>\n<div style=\"width:14px;height:14px;border-radius:3px;flex-shrink:0;background:#5C91FF\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"f5-label\">Origin \u2014 Northrop (USA)<\/span><span class=\"f5-check\" style=\"font-size:10px;opacity:1;transition:opacity .2s\">\u2713<\/span><\/button> <button class=\"f5-toggle active\" data-cat=\"combat\" data-full=\"Combat operators\" data-short=\"Combat\" style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;padding:8px 12px;border:2px solid #6B8E23;border-radius:0;background:#fff;cursor:pointer;font-family:inherit;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;color:#1a1a2e;white-space:nowrap;transition:all .25s\"><\/p>\n<div style=\"width:14px;height:14px;border-radius:3px;flex-shrink:0;background:linear-gradient(135deg,#4A6741 25%,#6B8E23 25%,#6B8E23 50%,#556B2F 50%,#556B2F 75%,#8B9D77 75%);background-size:8px 8px\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"f5-label\">Combat operators<\/span><span class=\"f5-check\" style=\"font-size:10px;opacity:1;transition:opacity .2s\">\u2713<\/span><\/button> <button class=\"f5-toggle active\" data-cat=\"current\" data-full=\"Current operators\" data-short=\"Current\" style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;padding:8px 12px;border:2px solid #555;border-radius:0;background:#fff;cursor:pointer;font-family:inherit;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;color:#1a1a2e;white-space:nowrap;transition:all .25s\"><\/p>\n<div style=\"width:14px;height:14px;border-radius:3px;flex-shrink:0;background:#555\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"f5-label\">Current operators<\/span><span class=\"f5-check\" style=\"font-size:10px;opacity:1;transition:opacity .2s\">\u2713<\/span><\/button> <button class=\"f5-toggle active\" data-cat=\"former\" data-full=\"Former operators\" data-short=\"Former\" style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;padding:8px 12px;border:2px solid #bbb;border-radius:0;background:#fff;cursor:pointer;font-family:inherit;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;color:#1a1a2e;white-space:nowrap;transition:all .25s\"><\/p>\n<div style=\"width:14px;height:14px;border-radius:3px;flex-shrink:0;background:#C0C0C0\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"f5-label\">Former operators<\/span><span class=\"f5-check\" style=\"font-size:10px;opacity:1;transition:opacity .2s\">\u2713<\/span><\/button> <\/div>\n<div id=\"f5-count\" style=\"text-align:left;font-size:14px;color:#666;margin-top:12px;line-height:1.7;width:100%\"><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<style> #f5-map-widget .f5-toggle:hover{border-color:#999!important} #f5-map-widget .f5-toggle:not(.active){color:#999!important;border-color:#E0E0E0!important} #f5-map-widget .f5-toggle:not(.active) .f5-check{opacity:0!important} #f5-map-widget .country{fill:#E8ECF1;stroke:#C8D0DA;stroke-width:.4;transition:fill .3s,stroke .3s} #f5-map-widget .country:hover{stroke-width:1;stroke:#999} #f5-map-widget .country.cat-migflug{fill:#5C91FF;stroke:#3A6FD8;stroke-width:.7} #f5-map-widget .country.cat-combat{fill:url(#camo-pattern);stroke:#4A6741;stroke-width:.7} #f5-map-widget 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\"><\/div>\n<p><script>(function(){var el=document.getElementById(\"f5-data\");var js=decodeURIComponent(escape(atob(el.getAttribute(\"data-js\"))));var sc=document.createElement(\"script\");sc.text=js;document.body.appendChild(sc);})();<\/script><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr>\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<p class=\"kicker\">Operators today<\/p>\n<h2>More than a dozen air forces still fly the F-5, and the largest fleets are the ones closest to retirement<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Sixty years after the first delivery the F-5 remains one of the most widely operated supersonic fighters in the world, but the shape of that fleet has changed. The very large legacy fleets &mdash; South Korea, Switzerland, Taiwan &mdash; are training and secondary-role aircraft now being run down on published dates. The fleets that matter operationally are the mid-sized, heavily rebuilt ones: Brazil, Chile, Thailand and Morocco fly F-5s with Israeli or Italian radars and active-radar missiles, which is a different aeroplane from the one Northrop delivered. And a fifth of the flying F-5s in the world wear US Navy and Marine Corps markings and never carry a weapon at all.<\/p>\n<div class=\"fleetchart\">\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">South Korea<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:100%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">~165<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Iran<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:30%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">~50<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">United States<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:25%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">~41<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Brazil<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:24%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">~40<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Morocco<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:16%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">~26<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Switzerland<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:16%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">~26<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Kenya<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:14%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">~23<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Spain<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:12%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">19<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Botswana<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:9%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">~15<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Thailand<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:8%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">~14<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Chile<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:8%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">~13<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Bahrain<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:7%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">~12<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"spx-note\"><span class=\"imp\">These are estimates of delivered aircraft on charge, and several of them need qualifying. South Korea&rsquo;s figure is by far the largest and the least representative: those are F-5E\/F and licence-built KF-5E\/F used as light fighters and lead-in trainers, and Seoul intends to retire the entire fleet by 2027 as FA-50s arrive. Switzerland&rsquo;s Tigers fly training, target-towing and the Patrouille Suisse display team, not air defence; 22 decommissioned airframes were shipped to the US Marine Corps from March 2024, and the remainder go at the end of 2027. The American entry is entirely adversary: about 27 US Navy F-5N\/F and 14 US Marine Corps aircraft, unarmed, flown by VFC-13, VFC-111, VMFT-401 and VMFT-402 &mdash; the type has never been a front-line USAF or USN fighter. Spain&rsquo;s 19 are F-5M two-seaters used purely as fighter trainers. Iran&rsquo;s number is a best estimate of operational airframes from a delivered total of 181 F-5E\/F, and excludes the Azarakhsh, Saeqeh and Kowsar derivatives, whose numbers are not published. Tunisia (about 12), Honduras (about 6), Mexico (about 4), Turkey (a dozen F-5-2000 flown by the Turkish Stars display team) and a residual Yemeni fleet are omitted for space or because they could not be corroborated to a firm figure. Taiwan is deliberately absent: it was once the largest operator in the world with 336 aircraft, retired its F-5Es in November 2023 and its last F-5F and RF-5E Tigergazers in July 2025. Sources: IISS The Military Balance, FlightGlobal World Air Forces (Hoyle), NAVAIR and national announcements; entries that could not be corroborated are omitted.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Combat Record<\/div>\n<h2>The score that defines it<\/h2>\n<p>The F-5 was never a first-rank air-superiority fighter, yet it fought \u2014 and won \u2014 in several wars. Ethiopian Tiger IIs are generally credited with the first F-5 kills over MiG-21s in the 1977\u201378 Ogaden War, Iranian F-5s flew hard throughout the Iran\u2013Iraq War, and the type saw ground combat from Vietnam to the Western Sahara. Many combat claims from these wars are contested and hard to verify from open sources, so exact tallies should be read with caution.<\/p>\n<div class=\"combat\">\n<div class=\"cstat\"><b>1977<\/b><span>First F-5-vs-MiG-21 kills, credited to Ethiopia<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"cstat\"><b>1980\u201388<\/b><span>Iranian F-5s fought the length of the Iran\u2013Iraq War<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"cstat\"><b>50+ years<\/b><span>From Skoshi Tiger to today\u2019s aggressors<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Compare the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/fighter-jet-combat-statistics\/\">combat record of every military aircraft<\/a>. Figures as of July 2026.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about the F-5<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open=\"\">\n<summary>Can I fly in an F-5?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">No \u2014 the F-5 is a single-seat (or tandem two-seat military) fighter and there are no public F-5 passenger rides. But you <b>can<\/b> fly in several genuine ex-military fighter jets today \u2014 see <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/\">migflug.com\/flights-prices\/<\/a> for the aircraft and cockpits available.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why is the F-5 called the \u201cFreedom Fighter\u201d and \u201cTiger II\u201d?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The original F-5A\/B was named Freedom Fighter because it was designed and supplied to America\u2019s allies under the Military Assistance Program. The improved F-5E\/F won the 1970 International Fighter Aircraft competition and was named Tiger II, echoing Northrop\u2019s earlier N-156 \u201cTiger.\u201d<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is the F-5 the same as the T-38 Talon?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">They are close siblings. Northrop developed both from the N-156 design. The T-38 Talon is the two-seat supersonic trainer \u2014 still used by the US Air Force \u2014 while the F-5 is the single-seat fighter version. They share much of the same airframe and the J85 engine.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why was the F-5 used as an aggressor and in Top Gun?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The F-5 is small, agile and flies much like a MiG-21, so it made an ideal surrogate enemy for dissimilar air combat training. Aggressor squadrons in the USAF and US Navy flew F-5s as pretend Soviet fighters, and the movie <em>Top Gun<\/em> (1986) used them as the fictional \u201cMiG-28.\u201d<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Did the F-5 ever shoot down enemy aircraft?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. Ethiopian F-5Es are generally credited with the first air-to-air kills of an F-5 over MiG-21s during the 1977\u201378 Ogaden War, and Iranian F-5s claimed kills in the Iran\u2013Iraq War. Exact numbers are debated between sources.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How fast is the F-5?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The F-5E Tiger II has a top speed of about Mach 1.6 (roughly 1,700 km\/h) at altitude, powered by two General Electric J85 afterburning turbojets.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is the F-5 still in service?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. Upgraded F-5s still fly with several air forces \u2014 including Brazil, Chile, Thailand, Iran and others \u2014 and the US Navy and Marines operate F-5N\/F aggressors, partly with ex-Swiss jets acquired from 2024.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How many F-5s were built?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">More than 2,600 F-5 fighters were produced, plus around 1,200 T-38 trainers, with licence production in Canada, Spain, Switzerland, South Korea and Taiwan \u2014 making it one of the most widely built jet fighters of the Cold War.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<div class=\"ad\">\n<div class=\"adin\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The part of the collection you can touch<\/div>\n<h2>You can\u2019t fly the F-5.<br \/>These, you can.<\/h2>\n<p class=\"adp\">Some legends only live in museums \u2014 others are fuelled and waiting. MiGFlug has put civilians in real military jet cockpits since 2004.<\/p>\n<div class=\"car\"><button class=\"cbtn p\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('flycar').scrollBy({left:-520,behavior:'smooth'})\">\u2039<\/button><button class=\"cbtn n\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('flycar').scrollBy({left:520,behavior:'smooth'})\">\u203a<\/button><\/p>\n<div class=\"track\" id=\"flycar\"><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  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alt=\"Aero L-39 Albatros side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the L-39 Albatros<\/b><span>The world\u2019s most-flown jet trainer \u2014 aerobatics included<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/f104-starfighter-flight\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"Lockheed F-104 Starfighter side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the F-104 Starfighter<\/b><span>\u201cThe missile with a man in it\u201d<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/mig-21-launch\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the MiG-21<\/b><span>The Cold War\u2019s most-produced jet<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/t-33-in-canada\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAACNCAMAAACuXtwPAAAAkFBMVEVHcExilepckf8cKFTP4PC26PzO4PC40+xig+N0pO5yo\/pbkP5bnf\/bzNFam\/\/qeHa31fPC1\/JYsvoeMWQJH05bv\/8YMm5ckf9IfOfT5PFbwf8CFUFhmP9Xjf7a6\/Xh8\/5zoPVBbsWkwexPg+6KsfUTNntWivAvXLL19\/Ffyv9viLOVpcHioKLnOz5bXXb5qzkaNmwiAAAAF3RSTlMALev9\/AWp\/gEDFLeD\/1j9QHX8asa\/ESM4coYAAA\/xSURBVHja7J2LYqo4EIbl4qLc7NpzimhCEQGtWvr+b7czCXdB0bZAu\/ltrRa0mo8\/M5lEOpkICQkJCQkJCQkJCQkJCQkJCQkJCQkJCQn93zUDiVYYDY35PL8WGoE58JrTEC4ZXgBCNw0mey6IjMAekiETLke2JyKUDMtjMjFl4mQijimIDJxbmQUOhsSciNA+ZHZV4wFEJEFkwA7LrvNwiDEVndZgBtFl50JEEkAGS3gvOixmEZH7DtVh6XIDEEeWBJGBDGI38RCJ1nAOMZuByLqIIsMAMRqBOMQWFhlGstMsWTTNMEGkDYgjLDJQktViEGKIIDIEEKnNIJj5CouMJetNM19hkf6BGKTdIroAMjgQSvm3GBwOE0JqwxDqhIGmBaFDRc13qCSrDIT6mqcFAVz5VAwOB0qySlkvJarqY4flw0\/Ka75CAyZZVOMckIzG44iYFhkQCPXdMA3nNHS5RURYHxJIqOZ3iBpQUfMdIoaUiu80UGl+mwOhwiI9O2RuVIA4NSBgkakYrvdpkGl5EJIGjko4Ibbos3odhlSKV6ktmFmIWO0wyDCkUjYJvZAy4Y3st6Lm2ycQu1rICmCM7hMYrwelmu9MAOkv662tcIDM11PhK6zUfEWn1R+QevGdOn4Y+g4V0yIjAYK1d0prC4KmAkhvWe+V6Smx2mGIJEvuAERMi\/TXY9ldDCI+LTI6IGJwOC4gjiNqvj3FELMbkJ9c851xzUGz0m1+Z2w8ZkZHh8j6DxyuQ8NPp1dT9tl8CmRGBER3OupHDQ4zE2T3dV1isnM9sfv6NO25mV1+FhAsMc5+iCsKEJJtmuZf0HK9fqtpvV7DBtO0bT3HMoJhSGceuPJ6Nnpn8Dad6\/oTclgu10XrNyjdtgQuT7rOmAz7Huu13p8c17OTGOlPtlkYYt1FfM+\/pi3xJxqOybxrkjX2AgqnMWe+WHflcIkFoEhT1i6DATHuATLOTyfMeJqkgzHWj8IooKyX5tN8MJvcCYSMkAhvOQl6qTtYXOvM0Cf2fBibzCbzu4BwIiPK2nmaIdlGmcZ2v99H8VU4S9QVXkQ2n2YDuKTtlAHtfRYSGUuuxQeqkmk4hJCiMbdKFMHXNSCrCBW386LO+u2v3b9L5vckWdmZtOB1jsAkM8Qxl2xZJnhI0eJ437LWjq4YYL1ne+zbDUIBMO+5+n2rdyZZ2XhEGhpJFjcMQrLXT2qt3QFI1LrdoYRHk789H30PAYFAgkPbwWoNM4ZDtw2ZlF\/8sg7k7SaQNmbL\/NnAJVKfZwR9DEiGhNUa+qqZ8hptVhaxTYfUFstkFlnyxr4a1VMg25ZdCISQvPtam9PeTAJ\/xngICCIxbH1eqR9lmlV1vSTeqHmDikdOWVfl0PpLWnYG8pbusm\/c5W1NKCnf788kdydZZSLwQMO0bVuSpD5qclOAgiVb+3m\/3e5WO4qvoPLieVx\/WyqQY22iTXb4v7U7ZI+5b+k7FTyrXyVkTotS2XfWhWcT6VEeKRR2SlnZyISAbF7XzlUc5FNQfluvS8qVVchNoyYZ5NDVCgcae+CyXe3i7IWwXossCaFbrtjHe0v2Ekk1TyS7XczENuB29njipHsS5rZs8EiO2\/0fqVoJ5l3B6ICUuaQn\/M0HLA0KVdWXW5Uf6DJteOLS0\/PG362g0fcpmdUKm5hiN1bdmfBmvniJJF1+Bg+i8Y5rxQXPtl2BK5bLGEhEyoZL+QN6BknSy0stsH2ZZWadJ9QfJFX6Cd+Bp\/r5ndIOV16DDMGq7bnxAq25KpHZM2+sGi4l4W64b4uyvaJNXXU2UjWGzsYPxKkv41a\/gzp3DBzsnA1rcoZmn9\/cl4GkTlil3RaaJFuqSdKjgzDXYNcIkUZRlBY2ioJgcstcz2K6ATF6BOJonka\/2ZAkMyApjEmqHiS5wWo+rucseR8XI+iUzaZJjMvzSxFfZg8Dkft0yHcD+fIXXOoeORlmQkTT4Bpulxc+S\/\/gxONNIDTXVxzAqhf8KCBVOLTMhji7zDVRFU2Endg0tcpXDUOgQ6ZxTazH\/Ux7Uv8nA7lkk9tmV\/RopS5MeuFGuatwMstPqpH6ABv+uj7xRgBI+BuAcMX+KTtnEsnHOnHJNgpAuXOCvli16HMRdvGz79IXSff4zIEVuvknfH+B\/I+Pj5hU+7N86IS2wRTPYJG+K5L5tKgsYoOHtwRkBJDMIOePj8Vm35Ci0YIMbJVNe8oS4k6TU6T6NPAUzAYhfqStwIAXYPHZfAyHIb\/IIWCQBKLF9lazEGKYeqepx8vSO2VfpDy4LvL0TzclfryX\/BogFIB8QPxenG6+JUJknNK76ZLbcyFf3HowDCG\/xiAOdFkfi2Txce5WTTBuTdBjTczst33Kn3z\/8Qahpw+uuGsVwbg9Qd8rEEq03zEMyd4PJ3Lq\/JYIX4vQthwLC8lGn116l3EhLYZDF+OhVbvyfXid8L5siVcZKc3q+vcMRM6nu1qQOBDeG00ym7z8gYC07xeI2zAu5I0f32jxe8XYdCsr7Epld3wgdUhXLjS+O8oS2W40yRBAHN9zK0DoF1Nods4tw7DSPR4RvP7BwezYRJfTbLdPFffAJNMGIoM4JHSzYQifuuhNuy5eSW1BdzmXVewHWqCBVNVVQXhTC4IgHSI\/yIQY+iWRQYCwcSGbL131L+yLOqb4aA2ID8ftdns8BZrrgVwXf7zChd\/yVDzVNHnIKE0L1lMg234dEoRDoChB6fZuKfUD9\/VV1YIjemV7DIMzyrLgSkUYluUCGM9VtdAn9zMhl\/9sLQfSW+VnGF9cdl5d2itwPe2E6xu4kiRaWJa1eH9\/X4DOC3ZtuSp6xdUC\/+7Oi8h6LdfqEQil8RhQFEw6ZOfacc\/mNvj0xvu74h0Oh9MmgR\/IBeicGZzzGTow8Mm9TOjFB5p7AkLj3ahgcMW3eJz2tUnAzengHY6b5OB5h2RzhDteopwPnrtYWDzCQN91XzypdVrfD4SOE8bNWEI09xhdTJcDikO0USxwiLKJ4I61YVwsNMrZ8lTXS31Cu6Za1bieAlmR\/5ExyqJXUsFj1LCs5IQkgAH4hHE5ckinzTvGlLPHwgnEk7Bj59UMRNl9B42xw7gaSIgb7BvX+QSqwlAkjE6Av1IRElyDTyDony3VY4kXZMO3ofQJZPw44taZaBp626h55dUR+zHFY0Bcdtt1I8bIO0CgB6NA1+Uxo6hshPIIkJVDv6XHisdqkjj2wzDQwraummpao0HShCvhC+USxiw64Q\/F8phRXMjDFouTZak4RHHZPyi6FqouTsHwIj1Lz+mn875y7VVasOErIljZcJXWYfmdQToon\/0PJ14G0dSgfR4Zeqxmg0QYQjZWcLGYNDocArwVHNwD5MJsAOm+YualBn778d582t2nV03F2kzAFzDAqJMQ2qhH6jbwhEHAaj8obAmsBIX+t3dHcCCUwcehVta1ZqK+d2oGkkD83igHFkKUY2nD0eL3IOfyok0C8f6MidcZA4qntXVdTf9GajafSf9oquq9HliBRuXCZoNjKQg5ppAtDipW8XM4F7xaMl+HEHZwamqlRXbloTPBI8Fv9U5LioCWu9i0I2GQ\/o3AJ\/iUO6wPdsXBQshRqXlASbMsNg45YAxJDggtOabrRzNimHmBUaADY5mXpVnWq4d2bPiDdvOZx6bTyfTp33\/\/AS7ea1pC4\/Jcr3RTLZc6uaGCMMeVEXNoi\/C0zEGlXTgSbL+g1FRxrcrBLMb+nl\/ZxuMAezVg6l3xW62q1Jglhf51p5eAKJXPHyAQVcFE18VGP2H3hZFdOWXQEsYDR5AJy7wWbCiveg1I8HPlLTO56drTuS4hF6wye69oF0Ygp1PcYnXOVOk2VpjWuLNKzILSCiLIzdEGmlZqfWjjemvxBvZjtkKMtaV6sY1tanjQxW8bFNyuA+IopGENdZRguQQiBGRU1jvG7wSCCh+LYB+WAKAkSXsuXBqEflISCwfyKpa7KkHr+rkw8Ax4c85rPplLaBcA8wpYPDftxypMVHbhVxV53FYeZ5b\/zDeyR2lDKehWKs+BpFSi5HgKoEmtcy448s8AREncg6ek48XAY\/vjQzmXE3ooATthOvxfe1ei2jgMRJP1qFYCJi4UFrEl3pgtG+w0\/\/95O5cOX22zPZJl9QIlh0MtPb2ZJ9maYDZxbVhWl6u4byj6FTYybsy6TvSignEwZmAoHf9cyALP3QwSMX0ZGW9eI08UUpz7tuSBCSEyuIqAoegZ1eIqkgzqBMXSe3Hg1yic9ZJVzj9O7rSraA6vvwnJ9zlccK\/vxhiNYhtrtrXoxXnBaN6XXncw4kTfgglXs6y40F+fygWRcYFFLNVloTKArStACAzcJg4EFb6NoqFVeF6Vx5TxpLIoiIviSfzXmaYnqBKcMfLFUrlf7uLNPFb3l1rmxpo6CAYHigwZr5jR2S7rJx4EU7moYQgThQ+hwluqN06vxH48QtMf+q5rcSbx2piiC4iuYlZOtMiIaqmKglmJtqA\/tueC4hYe3X6jcnXvKezKFVaJTjRjtIu51gwDe5UM+CQTVRHyS3gxYWEhkCnJYhJit7YXakivgfur4K3clfz4fdEDxnuaf9Hl2v4gs7p4qoOWDEYYqKthWp53lPZdJCSY4jPydYK7++2HVE2xnPatf2GMIUdGVrmMnku6MUk0MCsXSFLN8vgDFz23WyJvBgMXGP\/rnvlty9T8KfyclWdK8l1UyFTuMBL6nFoov0jSD6ndk1IdYcc7RT60vIIWvCBLxuzQvv+1JBmf\/kU1TAu41AYMsk0qKJhp8OsJ6AWq+q7vZVUA2OjxScW\/zX6Aht9raGZMtLUtXbftBixMznpeLs5nfsCcsiuPXVBI8dDd17Tt8NOKNXMgkxxDSQafiS1j0YALbXZDGzDbioE5GJiCv6EFiJDu4PdAdwh83TPaNi7hJLOllj6jA+VreHT5gq7H+tC4GDWKnzYOUwov1RdPvJVd4tTn1x5JasRw\/reGSuWuxTJzpvG6SS2a9wOBpIWYBTNsTbzcjOum23QkRIWuPmBfd37z+hi\/+dOu+8m6ArnLJ4yOwcMrfxojG4XOqEuMW7x5fYsTDrO5Qslsu0nrq9sVB7bV1uuGlIPjznMjEX6fpMZJMoDX4ZZfxyUFF\/+XeA9O86VP++mh+zBoJlyHWa7GudD\/OtW9E2Bb0Y+utUS24cXCzVUrZZNijE3qZ1GhGd7NRdmmrj0\/oTtkiDVfi+Psu5JR9n6BYmIdmMTQ8dz1DFTB2oiTtVxaZ2ViiakbqwJu5XcJDFFidNRY\/R0CPHklCCmix9Vx7x8e2uPbsLKk9fplyIcgZLhp2C4jlY4iCbdbk93nGmPnjIa1N1AAX6stzVRcmo7yUGdKWiWSWP3zCJ7AhAZeEXwe\/DDjsnir\/w+32mo8rfwTTxkZGRkZGRkZGRkZGRkZGRkZGRkZGRkZGe\/HHxpcBPC5veY6AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"Lockheed T-33 Shooting Star side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the T-33 Shooting Star<\/b><span>America\u2019s first jet trainer<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/vampire-flight-near-london\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"de Havilland Vampire side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the DH Vampire<\/b><span>A piece of early jet history<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/s-211-jet-flight-munich\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"SIAI-Marchetti S.211 side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the S.211<\/b><span>Agile Italian jet trainer<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/l-39-mb-326-jet-provost-in-italy\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"Aermacchi MB-326 side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the MB-326<\/b><span>The classic Aermacchi jet<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/mig-15-fagot-czech-republic\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  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\" alt=\"Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the MiG-15<\/b><span>The Soviet legend of the Korean War<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><a class=\"btn\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/\">See all flights &amp; prices<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-top:44px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Related Aircraft<\/div>\n<h2>Continue the tour<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-21-fishbed\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The Rival<\/span><span class=\"rh\">MiG-21 Fishbed<\/span><span class=\"rp\">The Soviet lightweight fighter the F-5 was built to fight \u2014 and the jet it spent decades imitating as an aggressor.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the MiG-21 story<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-104-starfighter\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The Contemporary<\/span><span class=\"rh\">F-104 Starfighter<\/span><span class=\"rp\">The other great Cold War export fighter \u2014 fast and fierce where the F-5 was cheap and forgiving.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the F-104 story<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-16-fighting-falcon\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The Successor<\/span><span class=\"rh\">F-16 Fighting Falcon<\/span><span class=\"rp\">The lightweight-fighter idea taken to its logical conclusion \u2014 the jet that replaced the F-5 in many air forces.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the F-16 story<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/systems\/aircraft\/f-5.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">GlobalSecurity.org \u2014 F-5 Freedom Fighter \/ Tiger<\/a><span>Development history, MAP export role and aggressor use.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.navair.navy.mil\/product\/F-5-Tiger-II\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NAVAIR \u2014 F-5 Tiger II<\/a><span>US Navy adversary F-5N\/F fleet and current role.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.airandspaceforces.com\/article\/usafs-aggressors\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Air &amp; Space Forces Magazine \u2014 USAF\u2019s Aggressors<\/a><span>Origins of the aggressor concept and F-5 use in dissimilar air combat training.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flyajetfighter.com\/f-5-tiger-ii-the-iconic-aggressor-aircraft-from-top-gun-to-us-bases\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FlyAJetFighter \u2014 F-5 Tiger II aggressor<\/a><span>Top Gun \u201cMiG-28,\u201d aggressor economics and the ex-Swiss transfers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalmilitary.net\/aircraft\/f5e-tiger-ii\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">GlobalMilitary.net \u2014 F-5E Tiger II<\/a><span>Specifications, operators and production figures (cross-checked).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.airfighters.com\/aircraft-data\/northrop-f-5e-tiger-ii\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Airfighters.com \u2014 F-5E Tiger II data<\/a><span>Dimensions, weights and performance figures.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/eslemanabay.com\/wings-over-ogaden-f-5e-and-f-5a-over-the-desert\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wings over Ogaden<\/a><span>Ethiopian F-5 vs Somali MiG-21 combat in the 1977\u201378 Ogaden War.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/swiss-politics\/tiger-fighter-aircraft-will-definitely-be-decommissioned\/90018950\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SWI swissinfo.ch<\/a><span>Swiss decision to retire the F-5 Tiger and Patrouille Suisse.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div id=\"galfix71\" data-js=\"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\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n<p><script>(function(){var el=document.getElementById(\"galfix71\");var js=decodeURIComponent(escape(atob(el.getAttribute(\"data-js\"))));var sc=document.createElement(\"script\");sc.text=js;document.body.appendChild(sc);})();<\/script><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aircraft Museum \u203a Lightweight fighter \u203a Northrop F-5 Northrop F-5\u201cFreedom Fighter \/ Tiger II\u201d The cheap, small, twin-engined fighter Northrop built for America\u2019s allies \u2014 so nimble and MiG-like that it became the West\u2019s favourite pretend enemy, from TOPGUN to Swiss aerobatics, and it is still flying in the 2020s. Mach 1.6F-5E top speed \u00b7 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":17318,"parent":15960,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-17317","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Northrop F-5 Freedom Fighter \/ Tiger II \u2014 History, Specs &amp; Stories<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Northrop F-5 Freedom Fighter armed 30 nations and played the MiG in Top Gun \u2014 full history, specifications, photos and stories.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/cz\/letadlo\/northrop-f-5\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" 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