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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero\">\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/french-air-and-space-force\/\">French Air and Space Force<\/a><\/div>\n<h1>Every campaign the French Air and Space Force has fought, 1939 to today<\/h1>\n<p class=\"sub\">Newest first. France has fought more expeditionary air campaigns since 1960 than any European air force except the British, and has gone first in more of them.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"combat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Fifteen campaigns, newest first, from the Battle of France to a drone shot down over Latvia in June 2026. <span class=\"imp\">Open a row for what the air campaign was actually like, every type flown, and where each figure comes from &mdash; including the ones France has never published.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"warfind\" data-filter=\"#combattbl\" data-item=\"tbody tr.crow\" data-noun=\"conflicts\" placeholder=\"Search conflicts, countries, aircraft, years\" aria-label=\"Search conflicts, countries, aircraft, years\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"warfind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"warfind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt cbt\" id=\"combattbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Conflict<\/th>\n<th>Years<\/th>\n<th>Against<\/th>\n<th>Main aircraft<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Sorties<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Aircraft lost<\/th>\n<th><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd0\" data-x=\"Romania, the Baltic states and Polish airspace Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace Alongside NATO Dassault Rafale C Dassault Mirage 2000-5F Dassault Mirage 2000D Boeing E-3F Sentry Airbus A330 MRTT Ph&#233;nix\">\n<td>NATO eastern flank air policing<span class=\"cwho\">Mission Aigle, enhanced Air Policing, Baltic Air Policing<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2022-present<\/td>\n<td>Russia (unacknowledged airspace violations and drone incursions)<\/td>\n<td>Dassault Rafale C, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mirage-2000\/\">Dassault Mirage 2000-5F<\/a>, Dassault Mirage 2000D<span class=\"cwho\">and 2 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd0\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd0\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Armed air policing and deterrence on NATO&rsquo;s eastern border after the Russian invasion of Ukraine, with Rafale and Mirage 2000 detachments rotating through Romanian and Baltic bases.<\/p>\n<p>French fighters have held quick reaction alert on NATO&rsquo;s eastern flank continuously since 2022, first over Romania under Mission Aigle and then in rotations through the Baltic states. The work is mostly interception of Russian aircraft flying without flight plans, but it has turned kinetic: on 8 June 2026 two French Rafale destroyed a drone that had crossed into Latvian airspace from the east and was flying over an uninhabited area &mdash; the first time in the modern era that French fighters have shot down an aircraft over European territory. In the same month France sent eight Rafale, three Mirage 2000D and an E-3F to Sweden for Ramstein Flag 26, an exercise of more than 150 combat aircraft from 17 nations.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Continuing. France took the lead nation role in Baltic Air Policing for the first time in 2026, deploying four Rafale and about a hundred personnel to &#352;iauliai in Lithuania from 28 March 2026 for four months alongside a Portuguese contingent.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">France publishes weekly operational summaries but no cumulative figures for scrambles, interceptions or hours on the eastern flank, so no totals are given here.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Romania, the Baltic states and Polish airspace<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>NATO<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Russia (unacknowledged airspace violations and drone incursions)<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Dassault Rafale C, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mirage-2000\/\">Dassault Mirage 2000-5F<\/a>, Dassault Mirage 2000D, Boeing E-3F Sentry, Airbus A330 MRTT Ph&#233;nix<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">no cumulative sortie total published; the 2026 Baltic rotation was four aircraft for four months<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>0 aircraft &middot; 0 killed<span class=\"cwho\">no French aircraft or aircrew lost<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/air\/actualites\/baltic-air-policing-26-police-du-ciel-flanc-est-leurope\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/operations\/points-situation-operations\/point-situation-operations-du-jeudi-04-juin-au-jeudi-11-juin-2026\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd1\" data-x=\"Iraq and Syria Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace Alongside United States, United Kingdom, Iraq and coalition partners Dassault Rafale C Dassault Mirage 2000D Dassault Mirage 2000N Boeing E-3F Sentry Airbus A330 MRTT Ph&#233;nix Boeing C-135FR General Atomics MQ-9A Reaper Airbus A400M Atlas\">\n<td>Op&#233;ration Chammal<span class=\"cwho\">the Levant campaign against Islamic State<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2014-present<\/td>\n<td>Islamic State<\/td>\n<td>Dassault Rafale C, Dassault Mirage 2000D, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mirage-2000\/\">Dassault Mirage 2000N<\/a><span class=\"cwho\">and 5 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd1\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd1\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">French contribution to the international coalition against Islamic State: strike, armed reconnaissance and training of Iraqi forces, flown from Jordan, the United Arab Emirates and at times from the aircraft carrier.<\/p>\n<p>Chammal began on 19 September 2014 with Rafale reconnaissance over Iraq and grew into France&rsquo;s longest continuous air campaign. At its height French aircraft flew from Al Dhafra in the United Arab Emirates, from a deployed air base in Jordan and from the carrier Charles de Gaulle, dropping GBU-12s, AASM guided bombs and SCALP cruise missiles. After the November 2015 Paris attacks the tempo rose sharply. Since the territorial defeat of Islamic State the campaign has shrunk to armed overwatch, training and joint missions with Iraqi F-16 crews.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Continuing at low intensity. The deployed air base in Jordan and the Rafale squadron at Al Dhafra remain the French contribution, now largely advisory and supporting Iraqi forces.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">France publishes weekly rather than cumulative figures for Chammal, and the figures it does publish cover the whole joint force, not the air force alone. Any total sortie or munition count for the campaign should be treated as an estimate.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Iraq and Syria<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>United States, United Kingdom, Iraq and coalition partners<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Islamic State<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Dassault Rafale C, Dassault Mirage 2000D, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mirage-2000\/\">Dassault Mirage 2000N<\/a>, Boeing E-3F Sentry, Airbus A330 MRTT Ph&#233;nix, Boeing C-135FR, General Atomics MQ-9A Reaper, Airbus A400M Atlas<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">no reliable cumulative total published; France reports weekly &mdash; 21 operational sorties and nearly 76 flying hours in the week of 28 May to 4 June 2026<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>0 aircraft &middot; 0 killed<span class=\"cwho\">no French aircraft lost to enemy action<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/operations\/points-situation-operations\/point-situation-operations-du-jeudi-04-juin-au-jeudi-11-juin-2026\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/operations\/actualites\/mission-conjointe-entre-rafale-francais-base-aerienne-projetee-au-levant-pilotes-chasse\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd2\" data-x=\"Syria Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace Alongside United States and United Kingdom Dassault Rafale C Dassault Mirage 2000-5F Boeing E-3F Sentry Boeing C-135FR\">\n<td>Op&#233;ration Hamilton<span class=\"cwho\">the Syria chemical weapons strikes<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2018<\/td>\n<td>Syria<\/td>\n<td>Dassault Rafale C, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mirage-2000\/\">Dassault Mirage 2000-5F<\/a>, Boeing E-3F Sentry<span class=\"cwho\">and 1 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd2\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd2\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd2\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">A single co-ordinated night strike with the United States and the United Kingdom against Syrian chemical weapons research and storage sites after the Douma attack.<\/p>\n<p>Hamilton was the most complex single French air operation since Libya: a night package launched from metropolitan France and the Mediterranean, timed to the minute with American and British strikes, against three targets associated with the Syrian chemical weapons programme. France committed cruise missiles from both aircraft and surface ships, the first operational use of the naval MdCN.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> The strike was completed on the night of 13 to 14 April 2018 and not repeated.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Weapon counts were released by the French chief of the defence staff at the time but individual aircraft assignments were not; the detail here follows the official briefing.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Syria<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>United States and United Kingdom<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Syria<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Dassault Rafale C, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mirage-2000\/\">Dassault Mirage 2000-5F<\/a>, Boeing E-3F Sentry, Boeing C-135FR<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">a single package: five Rafale firing nine SCALP cruise missiles, escorted by Mirage 2000-5F with E-3F and tanker support, plus missiles from French frigates<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>0 aircraft &middot; 0 killed<span class=\"cwho\">no losses<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia (en)<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd3\" data-x=\"Mali, Niger, Chad, Burkina Faso and Mauritania Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace Alongside Mali, Niger, Chad, Burkina Faso, Mauritania and United States (intelligence and refuelling) Dassault Rafale C Dassault Mirage 2000D Dassault Mirage 2000C General Atomics MQ-9A Reaper Transall C-160 Airbus A400M Atlas Airbus CN235 Boeing C-135FR Airbus Helicopters H225M Caracal\">\n<td>Op&#233;ration Barkhane<span class=\"cwho\">the Sahel campaign<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2014-2022<\/td>\n<td>Groupe de soutien &#224; l&rsquo;islam et aux musulmans and Islamic State in the Greater Sahara<\/td>\n<td>Dassault Rafale C, Dassault Mirage 2000D, Dassault Mirage 2000C<span class=\"cwho\">and 6 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd3\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd3\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd3\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Regional counter-terrorism across five Sahel states, with fighters, drones and transports operating from N&rsquo;Djamena, Niamey and Gao.<\/p>\n<p>Barkhane replaced Serval in August 2014 and turned a national intervention into a regional one across an area the size of Europe. The air component was what made it possible: Reapers watching, Mirage 2000Ds and Rafales striking, C-160s and later A400Ms moving everything, and tankers keeping fighters over targets a thousand kilometres from their airfield. France carried out its first armed drone strike from Niamey in December 2019. Militarily the air force did what was asked of it; politically the operation ended with a run of coups and expulsions that removed France from the region entirely.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Ended in failure of the political objective. France withdrew from Mali by 15 August 2022, from Burkina Faso in February 2023 and from Niger at the end of 2023.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">France did not publish cumulative sortie, strike or munition figures for Barkhane, and casualty figures quoted here are for French forces as a whole rather than the air force. Enemy casualty claims from the operation are contested and are not reproduced.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Mali, Niger, Chad, Burkina Faso and Mauritania<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>Mali, Niger, Chad, Burkina Faso, Mauritania and United States (intelligence and refuelling)<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Groupe de soutien &#224; l&rsquo;islam et aux musulmans and Islamic State in the Greater Sahara<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Dassault Rafale C, Dassault Mirage 2000D, Dassault Mirage 2000C, General Atomics MQ-9A Reaper, Transall C-160, Airbus A400M Atlas, Airbus CN235, Boeing C-135FR, Airbus Helicopters H225M Caracal<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">no cumulative air force sortie total published for the eight years of the operation<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>1 aircraft &middot; 0 killed<span class=\"cwho\">one MQ-9 Reaper lost over Niger in November 2018. No French air force manned aircraft was lost to enemy fire; French forces as a whole lost 58 personnel in the Sahel, including 13 killed when an army Tigre and Cougar collided at night on 25 November 2019<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Retrait_militaire_fran%C3%A7ais_d%27Afrique_de_l%27Ouest\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikip&#233;dia (fr)<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/air\/nos-aeronefs\/nos-drones\/mq-9-reaper\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd4\" data-x=\"Mali Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace Alongside Mali, Chad, African-led support mission and United Kingdom and United States (airlift and refuelling) Dassault Mirage 2000D Dassault Rafale B\/C Dassault Mirage F1CR Boeing C-135FR Transall C-160 Lockheed C-130 Hercules EADS Harfang drone\">\n<td>Op&#233;ration Serval<span class=\"cwho\">the intervention in Mali<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2013-2014<\/td>\n<td>Ansar Dine, AQIM and MUJAO<\/td>\n<td>Dassault Mirage 2000D, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/rafale\/\">Dassault Rafale B\/C<\/a>, Dassault Mirage F1CR<span class=\"cwho\">and 4 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td>970<\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd4\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd4\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd4\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Emergency intervention to stop an armed column advancing on Bamako, followed by an offensive to retake northern Mali.<\/p>\n<p>Serval is the operation French airmen cite when they argue for sovereign capability. On 11 January 2013 four Mirage 2000Ds flew from N&rsquo;Djamena in Chad and struck a column moving south on Bamako, with no allied permission needed and no allied assets involved. Two days later four Rafales flew from Saint-Dizier direct to Gao &mdash; roughly 3,000 nautical miles and nine hours with multiple refuellings &mdash; struck targets and recovered to N&rsquo;Djamena. Britain and the United States provided strategic airlift and tankers once the operation was under way, but the first strikes were entirely French.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Militarily successful: the advance on Bamako was stopped within days and the northern towns retaken within weeks. The operation was folded into Barkhane in August 2014.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Sortie and strike figures come from official statements at different points in the campaign and are not a single audited total.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Mali<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>Mali, Chad, African-led support mission and United Kingdom and United States (airlift and refuelling)<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Ansar Dine, AQIM and MUJAO<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Dassault Mirage 2000D, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/rafale\/\">Dassault Rafale B\/C<\/a>, Dassault Mirage F1CR, Boeing C-135FR, Transall C-160, Lockheed C-130 Hercules, EADS Harfang drone<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd>970<span class=\"cwho\">970 air sorties in the first seventeen days, of which about 200 by combat aircraft, with more than 170 strikes; 280 bombs had been dropped by 20 July 2013<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>0 aircraft &middot; 1 killed<span class=\"cwho\">no French air force aircraft lost. Lieutenant Damien Boiteux, an army helicopter pilot, was killed on the first day, 11 January 2013<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Op%C3%A9ration_Serval\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikip&#233;dia (fr)<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd5\" data-x=\"Libya and the central Mediterranean Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace Alongside NATO, United Kingdom, United States, Qatar and United Arab Emirates Dassault Rafale B\/C Dassault Mirage 2000D Dassault Mirage 2000-5F Dassault Mirage F1CR Boeing E-3F Sentry Boeing C-135FR Transall C-160 Harfang drone\">\n<td>Op&#233;ration Harmattan<span class=\"cwho\">the Libya intervention, 2011<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2011<\/td>\n<td>Libya<\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/rafale\/\">Dassault Rafale B\/C<\/a>, Dassault Mirage 2000D, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mirage-2000\/\">Dassault Mirage 2000-5F<\/a><span class=\"cwho\">and 5 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td>5,600<\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd5\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd5\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd5\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Enforcement of UN Security Council Resolution 1973: protection of civilians, no-fly zone and strikes against Libyan government forces.<\/p>\n<p>France fired the first shots of the whole intervention. On 19 March 2011, hours before the first American and British cruise missiles, Rafales that had taken off from Saint-Dizier struck government vehicles outside Benghazi. Over the campaign French forces flew about 25 per cent of all NATO sorties, 35 per cent of offensive missions and roughly 20 per cent of strikes, dropping 950 GBU laser-guided bombs, 225 AASM powered guided bombs and 15 SCALP cruise missiles and destroying some 1,000 targets from the air. The whole operation cost France between 300 and 350 million euros.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> The Gaddafi government fell in August 2011 and the campaign ended on 31 October. The political outcome in Libya was a collapse into civil war that has not been repaired.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">The sortie breakdown is the French official one and covers the air force, the navy and army helicopters together. Libyan casualty figures are disputed and are not reproduced here.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Libya and the central Mediterranean<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>NATO, United Kingdom, United States, Qatar and United Arab Emirates<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Libya<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/rafale\/\">Dassault Rafale B\/C<\/a>, Dassault Mirage 2000D, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mirage-2000\/\">Dassault Mirage 2000-5F<\/a>, Dassault Mirage F1CR, Boeing E-3F Sentry, Boeing C-135FR, Transall C-160, Harfang drone<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd>5,600<span class=\"cwho\">5,600 sorties and 27,000 flying hours by French forces: 3,100 offensive missions, 1,200 reconnaissance, 400 air defence, 340 air control and 580 refuelling<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>0 aircraft &middot; 0 killed<span class=\"cwho\">no French aircraft lost and no French combat deaths<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/www.opex360.com\/2011\/11\/04\/loperation-harmattan-en-chiffres\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zone Militaire (opex360)<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd6\" data-x=\"Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and the Indian Ocean Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace Alongside NATO \/ ISAF and United States Dassault Mirage 2000D Dassault Mirage F1CR Dassault Rafale B\/C Boeing C-135FR Transall C-160 Harfang drone\">\n<td>Afghanistan<span class=\"cwho\">Op&#233;rations H&#233;racl&#232;s, Pamir and Serpentaire<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2001-2014<\/td>\n<td>Taliban and al-Qaeda<\/td>\n<td>Dassault Mirage 2000D, Dassault Mirage F1CR, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/rafale\/\">Dassault Rafale B\/C<\/a><span class=\"cwho\">and 3 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd6\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd6\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd6\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Close air support, armed reconnaissance and airlift for French and ISAF ground forces, flown from Dushanbe, Manas, Kandahar and the aircraft carrier.<\/p>\n<p>France flew combat aircraft in Afghanistan for more than a decade, from Manas in Kyrgyzstan, Dushanbe in Tajikistan and finally Kandahar, and from the carrier Charles de Gaulle in the Indian Ocean. It was the campaign in which the Mirage 2000D and the Rafale learned to do close air support to American standards, with the digital targeting, data links and rules of engagement that came with it, and in which the Harfang drone first flew French operational surveillance in 2009.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> French combat aircraft withdrew in 2012 and the last French forces left in 2014.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">France ran three separate named operations in the theatre over thirteen years and never published a single combined air figure. The personnel figure is for all French forces, not the air force.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and the Indian Ocean<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>NATO \/ ISAF and United States<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Taliban and al-Qaeda<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Dassault Mirage 2000D, Dassault Mirage F1CR, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/rafale\/\">Dassault Rafale B\/C<\/a>, Boeing C-135FR, Transall C-160, Harfang drone<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">no consolidated French sortie total published across thirteen years and three named operations<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>0 aircraft &middot; 0 killed<span class=\"cwho\">no French air force aircraft lost to enemy fire. French forces as a whole lost 89 personnel in Afghanistan, almost all soldiers<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_participation_in_the_war_in_Afghanistan\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia (en)<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd7\" data-x=\"Serbia, Montenegro and Kosovo Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace Alongside NATO Dassault Mirage 2000C Dassault Mirage 2000D Dassault Mirage F1CR Dassault Mirage IVP Jaguar A Boeing C-135FR Boeing E-3F Sentry\">\n<td>Operation Allied Force<span class=\"cwho\">Kosovo, 1999 &mdash; Op&#233;ration Trident<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1999<\/td>\n<td>Federal Republic of Yugoslavia<\/td>\n<td>Dassault Mirage 2000C, Dassault Mirage 2000D, Dassault Mirage F1CR<span class=\"cwho\">and 4 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd7\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd7\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd7\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">The second-largest national contribution to the NATO air campaign, flying strike, reconnaissance and air defence from Italy and from the carrier.<\/p>\n<p>Kosovo was the campaign that showed France both what it could do and what it could not. French aircraft flew the second-largest European share of the sorties and were among the few European contingents able to deliver laser-guided weapons in quantity and to run their own reconnaissance and airborne early warning. It also exposed the gaps &mdash; in suppression of enemy air defences, in all-weather precision, in secure data links &mdash; that drove the Rafale programme and the modernisation of the Mirage 2000D.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Yugoslav forces withdrew from Kosovo in June 1999 after 78 days of bombing.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">National sortie shares for Allied Force vary between NATO, French and academic accounts; the figure given is approximate and no precise French total is published.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Serbia, Montenegro and Kosovo<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>NATO<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Federal Republic of Yugoslavia<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Dassault Mirage 2000C, Dassault Mirage 2000D, Dassault Mirage F1CR, Dassault Mirage IVP, Jaguar A, Boeing C-135FR, Boeing E-3F Sentry<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">France flew roughly a tenth of the campaign&rsquo;s sorties, the largest European contribution after the United Kingdom; no audited French national total was published<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>0 aircraft &middot; 0 killed<span class=\"cwho\">no French aircraft lost<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NATO_bombing_of_Yugoslavia\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia (en)<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd8\" data-x=\"Bosnia and Herzegovina Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace Alongside NATO and United Nations Dassault Mirage 2000C Dassault Mirage 2000N Dassault Mirage F1CR Dassault Mirage IVP Jaguar A Boeing C-135FR Transall C-160\">\n<td>Bosnia<span class=\"cwho\">Deny Flight, Deliberate Force and Op&#233;ration Cr&#233;cerelle<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1993-1995<\/td>\n<td>Army of Republika Srpska<\/td>\n<td>Dassault Mirage 2000C, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mirage-2000\/\">Dassault Mirage 2000N<\/a>, Dassault Mirage F1CR<span class=\"cwho\">and 4 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd8\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd8\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd8\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">No-fly zone enforcement, close air support for UN forces and, in August and September 1995, the air campaign that forced the Bosnian Serb leadership to the table.<\/p>\n<p>The Balkans were France&rsquo;s return to European air combat after forty years, and they produced its only combat loss of the modern era. On the first night of Deliberate Force, 30 August 1995, Captain Fr&#233;d&#233;ric Chiffot and Lieutenant Jos&#233; Souvignet had just released three bombs on an ammunition dump near Pale when their Mirage 2000N was hit. General Jean-Philippe Douin, the French chief of the defence staff, collected them personally at Zvornik at two o&rsquo;clock in the afternoon on 18 December; they were flown to Villacoublay and met by President Chirac.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Deliberate Force ended on 20 September 1995 and was followed by the Dayton agreement in November.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">The missile that brought the aircraft down has never been formally identified; a 9K32 Strela-2 is the usual attribution.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Bosnia and Herzegovina<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>NATO and United Nations<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Army of Republika Srpska<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Dassault Mirage 2000C, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mirage-2000\/\">Dassault Mirage 2000N<\/a>, Dassault Mirage F1CR, Dassault Mirage IVP, Jaguar A, Boeing C-135FR, Transall C-160<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">no consolidated French national total published for the three years of operations<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>1 aircraft &middot; 0 killed<span class=\"cwho\">one Mirage 2000N K2 of escadron de chasse 2\/3 Champagne shot down near Pale on 30 August 1995 by a shoulder-launched missile. Both crew ejected, broke a leg each and were captured; they were freed on 18 December 1995 after 104 days<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lib%C3%A9ration_des_pilotes_de_Bosnie\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikip&#233;dia (fr)<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd9\" data-x=\"Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Iraq Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace Alongside United States, United Kingdom, Saudi Arabia and coalition partners Jaguar A Dassault Mirage 2000C Dassault Mirage F1CR Boeing C-135FR Transall C-160\">\n<td>Op&#233;ration Daguet<span class=\"cwho\">the Gulf War, 1991<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1990-1991<\/td>\n<td>Iraq<\/td>\n<td>Jaguar A, Dassault Mirage 2000C, Dassault Mirage F1CR<span class=\"cwho\">and 2 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd9\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd9\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd9\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">French air contribution to the coalition: battlefield interdiction and close air support with Jaguars, air defence and escort with Mirage 2000s and reconnaissance with Mirage F1CRs.<\/p>\n<p>Daguet was the first time French combat aircraft operated inside a very large allied air campaign run by someone else, and it was uncomfortable. French Jaguars flew low-level attacks on the opening day and several came home with holes; the Mirage F1 had to be used carefully because Iraq flew the same type. The experience pushed France towards precision weapons, towards secure interoperable communications and, indirectly, towards rejoining NATO&rsquo;s integrated military command in 2009.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Kuwait was liberated by 28 February 1991.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">French sortie and munition totals for Daguet were never published in an audited form; figures circulating in secondary sources vary widely and are not reproduced here.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Iraq<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>United States, United Kingdom, Saudi Arabia and coalition partners<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Iraq<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Jaguar A, Dassault Mirage 2000C, Dassault Mirage F1CR, Boeing C-135FR, Transall C-160<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">no audited French national sortie total published; roughly 24 Jaguars and 12 Mirage 2000 formed the core of the air contingent<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>1 aircraft &middot; 1 killed<span class=\"cwho\">one Mirage F1CR lost in an accident in Saudi Arabia before combat operations began, killing its pilot. No French aircraft was lost to enemy fire, though four Jaguars were hit by anti-aircraft fire on the first day of operations<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Op%C3%A9ration_Daguet\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikip&#233;dia (fr)<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd10\" data-x=\"Chad, the Aozou Strip and the Libyan border Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace Alongside Chad Jaguar A Dassault Mirage F1C\/CR Dassault Mirage 2000C\/D Transall C-160 Boeing C-135FR Douglas AC-47\">\n<td>Chad<span class=\"cwho\">Op&#233;rations Tacaud, Manta and &#201;pervier<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1978-2014<\/td>\n<td>Libya and Chadian rebel movements<\/td>\n<td>Jaguar A, Dassault Mirage F1C\/CR, Dassault Mirage 2000C\/D<span class=\"cwho\">and 3 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd10\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd10\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd10\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Successive interventions to hold a line against Libyan-backed forces, with fighters, transports and tankers based at N&rsquo;Djamena.<\/p>\n<p>Chad was where the French air force did its expeditionary apprenticeship. Tacaud in 1978, Manta in 1983 and &#201;pervier from 1986 kept French combat aircraft permanently on the ground in central Africa for nearly three decades, and N&rsquo;Djamena became the airfield from which every subsequent French Sahel operation was launched &mdash; including the opening strikes of Serval in Mali in January 2013. The base went back to Chad on 30 January 2025.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> &#201;pervier ended in 2014 when its assets were folded into Barkhane. France left Chad entirely on 30 January 2025.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Operations in Chad ran under several names with different mandates and rules of engagement; grouping them is a convenience. No consolidated air figures exist.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Chad, the Aozou Strip and the Libyan border<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>Chad<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Libya and Chadian rebel movements<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Jaguar A, Dassault Mirage F1C\/CR, Dassault Mirage 2000C\/D, Transall C-160, Boeing C-135FR, Douglas AC-47<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">no cumulative totals published across three named operations spanning thirty-six years<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>1 aircraft &middot; 1 killed<span class=\"cwho\">Captain Michel Croci was killed when his Jaguar was shot down by ground fire on 25 January 1984 during Op&#233;ration Manta. Bordeaux-M&#233;rignac air base is named after him<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Retrait_militaire_fran%C3%A7ais_d%27Afrique_de_l%27Ouest\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikip&#233;dia (fr)<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Op%C3%A9ration_%C3%89pervier\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikip&#233;dia (fr)<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd11\" data-x=\"Algeria and the Sahara Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air No allied air arm North American T-6 Texan Douglas B-26 Invader Republic F-84F Thunderstreak North American F-100 Super Sabre Nord Noratlas Douglas C-47 Sikorsky H-34 Vertol H-21 Fouga CM.170 Magister\">\n<td>The Algerian War<span class=\"cwho\">1954&ndash;1962<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1954-1962<\/td>\n<td>Front de lib&#233;ration nationale<\/td>\n<td>North American T-6 Texan, Douglas B-26 Invader, Republic F-84F Thunderstreak<span class=\"cwho\">and 6 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd11\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd11\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd11\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Counter-insurgency: armed reconnaissance, close air support, helicopter assault and transport across a territory four times the size of France.<\/p>\n<p>Algeria taught the French air force helicopter assault, forward air control and the armed light aircraft &mdash; the T-6 Texan with rockets was the workhorse, not the jet &mdash; and it built the habit of operating from rough strips a long way from anywhere. It also broke something: four generals, including a former air force chief of staff, attempted a putsch in Algiers in April 1961, and the service spent years afterwards rebuilding its relationship with the Republic.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Algeria became independent on 5 July 1962.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Casualty figures for the Algerian War are politically contested in both countries. No French air force loss total is given here because none is reliably published.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Algeria and the Sahara<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Front de lib&#233;ration nationale<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>North American T-6 Texan, Douglas B-26 Invader, Republic F-84F Thunderstreak, North American F-100 Super Sabre, Nord Noratlas, Douglas C-47, Sikorsky H-34, Vertol H-21, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fouga-magister\/\">Fouga CM.170 Magister<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">no reliable published sortie total for the air force over eight years<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">French air force losses over eight years have never been published as a consolidated figure and are not estimated here<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/air\/mieux-nous-connaitre\/lhistoire-larmee-lair-lespace\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd12\" data-x=\"Egypt, Cyprus and Israel Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air Alongside United Kingdom and Israel Republic F-84F Thunderstreak Dassault Myst&#232;re IVA Nord Noratlas Douglas C-47\">\n<td>Op&#233;ration Mousquetaire<span class=\"cwho\">Suez, 1956<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1956<\/td>\n<td>Egypt<\/td>\n<td>Republic F-84F Thunderstreak, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mystere-iv\/\">Dassault Myst&#232;re IVA<\/a>, Nord Noratlas<span class=\"cwho\">and 1 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd12\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd12\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd12\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Anglo-French operation to seize the Suez Canal, with French fighters flying from Cyprus and, covertly, from Israeli airfields in Israeli markings, and Noratlas transports dropping paratroops on Port Said.<\/p>\n<p>The French contribution was two separate things. The 3e escadre de chasse flew F-84F Thunderstreaks openly from Akrotiri in Cyprus with squadrons Navarre and Ardennes and pilots from the Champagne. At the same time eighteen Myst&#232;re IVAs from the Cigognes and the Alsace and eighteen F-84Fs drawn from the 1re escadre were based clandestinely at Ramat David and Lod in Israel, flying under Israeli markings to protect Israeli cities and escort Israeli ground attack missions. Noratlas transports dropped French paratroops on Port Said on 5 November.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Military objectives were largely achieved and then abandoned: American and Soviet pressure forced a ceasefire on 6 November 1956 and a withdrawal by December.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">The covert French deployment to Israel was denied for years and the unit details come from French veterans&rsquo; and official historical accounts rather than contemporaneous records.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Egypt, Cyprus and Israel<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>United Kingdom and Israel<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Egypt<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Republic F-84F Thunderstreak, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mystere-iv\/\">Dassault Myst&#232;re IVA<\/a>, Nord Noratlas, Douglas C-47<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">no consolidated French sortie total published<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">French air force losses at Suez are not reliably published and are not estimated here<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Op%C3%A9ration_Mousquetaire\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikip&#233;dia (fr)<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd13\" data-x=\"Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air Alongside State of Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia and United States (materiel) Douglas C-47 Dakota Junkers Ju 52 Douglas B-26 Invader Grumman F8F Bearcat Consolidated PB4Y Privateer Supermarine Spitfire\">\n<td>The Indochina War<span class=\"cwho\">1946&ndash;1954<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1946-1954<\/td>\n<td>Viet Minh<\/td>\n<td>Douglas C-47 Dakota, Junkers Ju 52, Douglas B-26 Invader<span class=\"cwho\">and 3 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd13\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd13\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd13\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Transport, resupply, paratroop drops, close air support and bombing across a theatre with almost no roads, flown with American and surplus British aircraft.<\/p>\n<p>Indochina was fought with whatever France could get: captured German Ju 52s, British Spitfires, American C-47s, Bearcats and B-26 Invaders supplied under military aid. The air force could supply a garrison but it could not break a siege. At Dien Bien Phu, 300 kilometres from the nearest airfield and ringed by anti-aircraft guns dragged through the jungle, transports were shot down on approach and the drop zones shrank until resupply fell into Viet Minh hands. The lesson French officers drew was about reach and about dependence: the aircraft were all somebody else&rsquo;s.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Dien Bien Phu fell on 7 May 1954 and the Geneva accords ended French Indochina in July.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Loss figures for Indochina vary widely between sources and mix air force, naval aviation and civil contract crews. None is reproduced here.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>State of Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia and United States (materiel)<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Viet Minh<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Douglas C-47 Dakota, Junkers Ju 52, Douglas B-26 Invader, Grumman F8F Bearcat, Consolidated PB4Y Privateer, Supermarine Spitfire<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">no consolidated sortie total published<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">French air force losses across eight years in Indochina have never been published as a single audited figure and are not estimated here<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/air\/mieux-nous-connaitre\/lhistoire-larmee-lair-lespace\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd14\" data-x=\"France, Belgium and the Low Countries Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air Alongside United Kingdom, Belgium, Netherlands and Poland (personnel) Morane-Saulnier MS.406 Curtiss H-75 Hawk Dewoitine D.520 Bloch MB.152 Amiot 143 Br&#233;guet 693 Potez 63\">\n<td>The Battle of France<span class=\"cwho\">1939&ndash;1940<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1939-1940<\/td>\n<td>Germany and Italy<\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/morane-saulnier-ms-406\/\">Morane-Saulnier MS.406<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/curtiss-p-36-hawk\/\">Curtiss H-75 Hawk<\/a>, Dewoitine D.520<span class=\"cwho\">and 4 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd14\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd14\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd14\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Air defence, reconnaissance and bombing against the German offensive of 10 May 1940, flown by a service caught halfway through re-equipment.<\/p>\n<p>The Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air of May 1940 was not short of courage and was not, by 10 May, short of aircraft in absolute terms. It was short of modern ones in the right places, short of spares, short of a workable command system, and it was still receiving the Dewoitine D.520 in ones and twos when the offensive began. The Curtiss H-75 groups, flying an American aircraft bought in a hurry, did better against the Bf 109E than anything else France had. On 14 May a formation of obsolete Amiot 143 night bombers was sent against the Meuse bridges in daylight; most did not come back.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Defeat in six weeks. The armistice was signed on 22 June 1940 and the service split between Vichy and the Free French.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Claims and losses for May and June 1940 were never reconciled and remain contested eighty-five years later. Neither is quantified here.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>France, Belgium and the Low Countries<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>United Kingdom, Belgium, Netherlands and Poland (personnel)<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Germany and Italy<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/morane-saulnier-ms-406\/\">Morane-Saulnier MS.406<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/curtiss-p-36-hawk\/\">Curtiss H-75 Hawk<\/a>, Dewoitine D.520, Bloch MB.152, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/amiot-143\/\">Amiot 143<\/a>, Br&#233;guet 693, Potez 63<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">no reliable consolidated sortie figure exists for the campaign<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">French air force losses in May and June 1940 are disputed between sources and are not estimated here<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/air\/mieux-nous-connaitre\/lhistoire-larmee-lair-lespace\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"warfind\">Nothing matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every figure, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/air\/mieux-nous-connaitre\/lhistoire-larmee-lair-lespace\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es: L&rsquo;histoire de l&rsquo;arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;Air et de l&rsquo;Espace<\/a><span>founding dates, the law of 2 July 1934, the 11 September 2020 renaming, 1940 and the nuclear component<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/air\/nos-aeronefs\/nos-drones\/mq-9-reaper\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es: MQ-9 Reaper<\/a><span>Block 5 ER standard from 19 December 2024, basing at Cognac, first GBU-12 drops in France<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/air\/actualites\/baltic-air-policing-26-police-du-ciel-flanc-est-leurope\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es: Baltic Air Policing 26, police du ciel sur le flanc est de l&rsquo;Europe<\/a><span>four Rafale to &#352;iauliai from 28 March 2026 for four months, France as lead nation for the first time<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/operations\/points-situation-operations\/point-situation-operations-du-jeudi-04-juin-au-jeudi-11-juin-2026\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es: Point de situation des op&#233;rations, 4 au 11 juin 2026<\/a><span>the 8 June 2026 drone shoot-down over Latvia, Ramstein Flag 26 contribution, Chammal weekly sortie figures<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/operations\/actualites\/mission-conjointe-entre-rafale-francais-base-aerienne-projetee-au-levant-pilotes-chasse\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es: Mission conjointe entre les Rafale fran&#231;ais de la base a&#233;rienne projet&#233;e au Levant et les pilotes de chasse irakiens<\/a><span>current shape of Op&#233;ration Chammal<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.opex360.com\/2011\/11\/04\/loperation-harmattan-en-chiffres\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zone Militaire (opex360): L&rsquo;op&#233;ration Harmattan en chiffres<\/a><span>5,600 sorties, 27,000 hours, munitions expended, shares of NATO effort, cost<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Figures verified 2026-09-13. <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/french-air-and-space-force\/\">Back to the French Air and Space Force<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .nflag{background-image:url(https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/aircraft-manufacturer-country-flags-v4.png)!important}#mfam .nf0{background-position:-2px -2px}#mfam .nf1{background-position:-24px -2px}#mfam .nf2{background-position:-46px -2px}#mfam .nf3{background-position:-68px -2px}#mfam .nf4{background-position:-90px -2px}#mfam .nf5{background-position:-112px -2px}#mfam .nf6{background-position:-134px -2px}#mfam .nf7{background-position:-156px -2px}#mfam .nf8{background-position:-178px -2px}#mfam .nf9{background-position:-200px -2px}#mfam .nf10{background-position:-222px -2px}<\/style>\n<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com\/ajax\/libs\/maplibre-gl\/4.7.1\/maplibre-gl.css\"><script src=\"https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com\/ajax\/libs\/maplibre-gl\/4.7.1\/maplibre-gl.js\"><\/script><div id=\"cmb-data\" 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France has fought more expeditionary air campaigns since 1960 than any European air force except the British, and has gone first in more of them. Fifteen campaigns, newest first, from the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":23556,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-23564","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>French Air and Space Force combat record | MiGFlug<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/cz\/vzdusne-sily\/francouzske-vzdusne-a-vesmirne-sily\/bojovy-zaznam\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"French Air and Space Force combat record | MiGFlug\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Order of Battle &middot; French Air and Space Force Every campaign the French Air and Space Force has fought, 1939 to today Newest first. 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