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col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt td.note{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td.note{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt td.note{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob-base{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob-base:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .ocx{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .ocx::before,#mfam .ocx::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .ocx::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open .ocx::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam .pq{margin:0;max-width:900px} #mfam .pq blockquote{margin:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-size:clamp(21px,2.6vw,28px);line-height:1.42;color:#fff;letter-spacing:-.2px} #mfam .pq blockquote:before{content:'\\201C';color:var(--blue);margin-right:2px} #mfam .pq blockquote:after{content:'\\201D';color:var(--blue);margin-left:2px} #mfam .pq figcaption{margin-top:20px;font-size:14px;color:#98a2b3;line-height:1.6} #mfam .pq figcaption b{color:#fff;font-size:14px} #mfam .pq figcaption span{display:block;color:#7c8697;font-size:13px} #mfam .pq figcaption a{color:#9db9ff;border-bottom:1px solid #3f4d6b} #mfam .pqrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:40px;max-width:1120px} #mfam .pqrow .pq blockquote{font-size:clamp(18px,2vw,21px)} #mfam .galgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:18px;margin-top:8px} #mfam .galgrid figure{margin:0;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .galgrid .gim{display:block;height:210px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .galgrid figcaption{padding:14px 16px 16px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .galgrid figcaption 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.satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero photo\">\n<div class=\"heroimg ph1\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/royal-canadian-air-force\/\">Royal Canadian Air Force<\/a> &middot; Air base<\/div>\n<h1>12 Wing Shearwater<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">12e Escadre Shearwater<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">Active as a heliport; the fixed-wing runways are closed<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>CYAW<\/b><span>ICAO<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1,067 m<\/b><span>Runway<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1918<\/b><span>Opened<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>Active<\/b><span>Status<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"photocred\">Photo: Colin Cooke Photo \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Operator<\/b>Royal Canadian Air Force<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Province or territory<\/b>Nova Scotia<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Elevation<\/b>44 m<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Coordinates<\/b>44.6368 N, 63.5021 W<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>12 Wing Shearwater: what it was built for and what flies there now<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<p>Shearwater is the second-oldest military airfield in Canada and the only one whose whole purpose is to put helicopters onto the back of warships. It began in August 1918 as a United States Navy seaplane station at Baker Point in Eastern Passage, built to hunt U-boats off Halifax; it became RCAF Station Dartmouth between the wars and through the Battle of the Atlantic, and on 1 December 1948 the Royal Canadian Navy commissioned it as HMCS Shearwater. For twenty years it was the shore base of Canada&rsquo;s carrier air groups, and that naval story &mdash; Seafires, Sea Furies, Banshees, Trackers, HMCS Magnificent and HMCS Bonaventure &mdash; is told in full on the Canadian naval and army aviation page.<\/p>\n<p>What Shearwater invented in those years outlived the carriers. Working with Fairey Aviation of Canada at Dartmouth, the navy solved the problem of landing a large helicopter on a small moving deck with a haul-down cable and a rapid-securing trap, the Beartrap, first installed on HMCS Assiniboine in 1962 and 1963 and in service from April 1967. Every navy that now flies a helicopter off a frigate is using a Canadian idea.<\/p>\n<p>Since unification in 1968 Shearwater has been an air force base flying navy missions. The CH-124 Sea King operated from here from 1963 until 26 January 2018, a service life of more than half a century that outlasted four replacement programmes. The fixed-wing runways closed in stages through the 1990s and 2000s, the heliport formally opened on 31 July 2008, and 12 Wing is now administratively part of CFB Halifax. It operates the CH-148 Cyclone with 423 Maritime Helicopter Squadron and 406 Maritime Operational Training Squadron, one of which, Cyclone 148822, was lost with all six on board in the Ionian Sea on 29 April 2020.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"sat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Satellite<\/div>\n<h2>12 Wing Shearwater from above<\/h2>\n<div class=\"satfig\" id=\"satfig\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Enlarge the satellite view\">\n<div class=\"satimg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"12 Wing Shearwater seen from above\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"satzoom\">Click to enlarge<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"satcap\"><b>3 runways, the longest 2,743 m.<\/b><span>Imagery: Esri, Maxar, Earthstar Geographics and the GIS user community<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"satlb\" id=\"satlb\"><span class=\"satlbx\">Close<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"satbig\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"12 Wing Shearwater seen from above, enlarged\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<style>#mfam .satimg{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=-63.54499,44.62263,-63.45921,44.65097\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=1600,743\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}#mfam .satbig{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=-63.54242,44.61767,-63.46178,44.65593\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=2048,1365\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}@media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=-63.52201,44.62263,-63.48219,44.65097\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=760,760\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}}<\/style>\n<div id=\"sat-data\" data-js=\"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\"><\/div>\n<p><script>(function(){var el=document.getElementById(\"sat-data\");var js=decodeURIComponent(escape(atob(el.getAttribute(\"data-js\"))));var sc=document.createElement(\"script\");sc.text=js;document.body.appendChild(sc);})();<\/script><section class=\"pqband\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"pqrow\">\n<figure class=\"pq\">\n<blockquote><p>This accident was not the result of one single causal factor, but a combination of several and could have happened to any other crew on any other day.<\/blockquote><figcaption><b>Brigadier-General John Alexander<\/b><span>Director of Flight Safety, Royal Canadian Air Force, on the release of the Stalker 22 Flight Safety Investigation Report, 28 June 2021<\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/department-national-defence\/news\/2021\/06\/flight-safety-investigation-report-for-stalker-22-accident.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Department of National Defence news release<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"pq\">\n<blockquote><p>Longevity, avionics and mission system upgrades, and the utility of a medium-lift helicopter came together to create a legacy that ignites a passion spanning multiple generations.<\/blockquote><figcaption><b>Lieutenant-Colonel Travis Chapman<\/b><span>writing on the retirement of the CH-124 Sea King for the Royal Canadian Air Force, 2018<\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/department-national-defence\/maple-leaf\/rcaf\/migration\/2018\/sea-king-going-out-with-style.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Royal Canadian Air Force, The Maple Leaf<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>12 Wing Shearwater in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Location &amp; codes<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>ICAO<\/dt>\n<dd>CYAW<\/dd>\n<dt>Country<\/dt>\n<dd>Canada<\/dd>\n<dt>Province or territory<\/dt>\n<dd>Nova Scotia<\/dd>\n<dt>Coordinates<\/dt>\n<dd>44.6368 N, 63.5021 W<\/dd>\n<dt>Elevation<\/dt>\n<dd>44 m <span class=\"imp\">(144 ft)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Usage<\/dt>\n<dd>Military<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Runways &amp; facilities<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Runways<\/dt>\n<dd>3<\/dd>\n<dt>Designator<\/dt>\n<dd>16H\/34H<\/dd>\n<dt>Length<\/dt>\n<dd>1,067 m <span class=\"imp\">(3,501 ft)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Surface<\/dt>\n<dd>Asphalt<span class=\"gnote\">helicopter operations<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Designator 2<\/dt>\n<dd>16\/34<\/dd>\n<dt>Length<\/dt>\n<dd>2,743 m <span class=\"imp\">(8,999 ft)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Surface<\/dt>\n<dd>Asphalt<span class=\"gnote\">closed<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Cavern hangars<\/dt>\n<dd>No<\/dd>\n<dt>Quick Reaction Alert<\/dt>\n<dd>None<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Command &amp; status<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Status<\/dt>\n<dd>Active as a heliport; the fixed-wing runways are closed<\/dd>\n<dt>Operator<\/dt>\n<dd>Royal Canadian Air Force<\/dd>\n<dt>Opened<\/dt>\n<dd>1918<\/dd>\n<dt>Military use ended<\/dt>\n<dd>&mdash;<\/dd>\n<dt>Command<\/dt>\n<dd>12 Wing \/ Shearwater Heliport, part of CFB Halifax<\/dd>\n<dt>Resident units<\/dt>\n<dd>3 current, 0 former<\/dd>\n<dt>Based types<\/dt>\n<dd>1<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"units\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Resident units<\/div>\n<h2>Who flies from 12 Wing Shearwater<\/h2>\n<div class=\"oob\">\n<div class=\"oob-base\"><span>Current<\/span><em>3 units<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>423 Maritime Helicopter Squadron<small>Eagle &middot; Shipborne helicopter squadron &middot; regular<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>CH-148 Cyclone<\/dd>\n<dt>406 Maritime Operational Training Squadron<small>Lynx &middot; Helicopter conversion squadron &middot; regular<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>CH-148 Cyclone<\/dd>\n<dt>Maritime Helicopter Test and Evaluation Flight<small>Test and evaluation flight &middot; regular<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>CH-148 Cyclone<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Aircraft types based here<\/h3>\n<p>CH-148 Cyclone<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"knownfor\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Claim to fame<\/div>\n<h2>What 12 Wing Shearwater is known for<\/h2>\n<div class=\"kfgrid\">\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">01<\/div>\n<h3>The Beartrap<\/h3>\n<p>Shearwater is where the world learned how to land a big helicopter on a small ship in a seaway, using a cable that hauls the aircraft down onto the deck and clamps it there.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">The Royal Canadian Navy decided in February 1959 to fly helicopters from destroyers. The redesigned haul-down system, built with Fairey Aviation of Canada at Dartmouth, was installed on HMCS Assiniboine in 1962 and 1963, judged successful in mid-1964 and entered service in April 1967. Derivatives are used by the United States Navy, the Royal Navy, the Royal Australian Navy and the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">02<\/div>\n<h3>Fifty-five years of Sea King<\/h3>\n<p>Canada flew the same anti-submarine helicopter from 1963 to 2018 because four attempts to replace it failed one after another.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">The first of 41 CH-124s was delivered in 1963 and the first shipboard landing on HMCS Assiniboine was made on 27 November 1963. 423 Squadron flew the last East Coast Sea King sortie from Shearwater on 26 January 2018; the type retired on 1 December 2018 after 55 years. Fourteen of the 41 aircraft were lost in accidents, with eight aircrew killed.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">03<\/div>\n<h3>Canada&rsquo;s second-oldest military airfield<\/h3>\n<p>Aircraft have flown from Baker Point since the last summer of the First World War, and the station has belonged to three navies and two air forces.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">The United States Navy opened Naval Air Station Halifax at Baker Point in August 1918. The Royal Canadian Navy commissioned the field as HMCS Shearwater on 1 December 1948 and it became CFB Shearwater on 1 February 1968. Only Borden is older.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">04<\/div>\n<h3>A base that is now a heliport<\/h3>\n<p>Shearwater still has three runways on the chart and only one of them is usable, by helicopters.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">Runway 16\/34 was 8,998 feet and 10\/28 was 5,692 feet; both are closed. The heliport opened formally on 31 July 2008 with a single 3,500-foot strip, 16H\/34H, plus four pads. The ICAO code is CYAW and the field elevation is 144 feet.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">05<\/div>\n<h3>Stalker 22<\/h3>\n<p>One of the worst single-day losses the Royal Canadian Air Force has suffered in decades happened to a Shearwater squadron off Greece.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">On 29 April 2020, CH-148 Cyclone 148822 of 423 Squadron, operating from HMCS Fredericton, struck the Ionian Sea and all six people on board were killed. The Flight Safety Investigation Report, released on 28 June 2021, found the accident sequence took 14 seconds.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">06<\/div>\n<h3>Where Swissair 111 came ashore<\/h3>\n<p>After the 1998 crash off Peggys Cove, Shearwater became the centre of the largest air disaster investigation in Canadian history.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">Operation Persistence involved more than 2,400 Canadian Armed Forces members, about 450 RCMP officers and hundreds of Coast Guard staff. A temporary morgue was set up at Shearwater; 98 per cent of the aircraft, over 126,000 kilograms, was eventually recovered and all 229 people on board were identified.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"deep\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Go deeper<\/div>\n<h2>The long version<\/h2>\n<div class=\"deep\">\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">01<\/span><span>How to land a helicopter on a destroyer<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>In February 1959 the Royal Canadian Navy took a decision that looked reckless: it would counter the nuclear submarine by flying anti-submarine helicopters not from carriers but from destroyer escorts, which are small, narrow and never still. Nobody had done it with a large helicopter. Trials began with a Sikorsky HO4S-3 on HMCS Buckingham in 1956 and continued with heavier machines on HMCS Ottawa, and the conclusion was that a pilot could not be relied upon to hold station over a heaving deck long enough to put the aircraft down.<\/p>\n<p>The answer was to stop trying. A messenger line is passed from the helicopter to the deck and attached to a main cable; the cable is then hauled down under tension into a probe on the aircraft&rsquo;s belly, pulling the helicopter to the deck and into a trap that clamps the probe. The device, redesigned by Fairey Aviation of Canada at Dartmouth next to Shearwater, was installed on HMCS Assiniboine in 1962 and 1963, tested with the new CH-124 Sea King from late 1963, judged successful in mid-1964 and entered Royal Canadian Navy service in April 1967.<\/p>\n<p>It is called the Beartrap, and it is the single most influential thing Canadian naval aviation ever produced. Canadian crews earned the nickname Crazy Canucks for what they were prepared to do with it. The United States Navy, the Royal Navy, the Royal Australian Navy and the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force all adopted it or a derivative; the American RAST system and the later TRIGON are descendants. Every frigate helicopter deck in the world is arranged around the problem Shearwater solved.<\/p>\n<p>The first shipboard landing of a Sea King, on HMCS Assiniboine on 27 November 1963, is therefore a date that matters well beyond Canada. It is also why Shearwater survived unification, the loss of the carrier and the base closures of the 1990s: a navy that flies helicopters from small ships needs somewhere to train the crews.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">02<\/span><span>The Sea King and the four failures<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>The CH-124 was ordered as a modern machine and retired as a museum piece. The first of 41 was delivered in 1963 and the type stayed in service until 1 December 2018 &mdash; 55 years. Canada started looking for a replacement in 1985, when the Mulroney government began the New Shipborne Aircraft project; in 1987 it selected the EH101, and in 1991 the requirement was merged with a search and rescue helicopter project into a single buy of 50 aircraft costing 5.8 billion dollars.<\/p>\n<p>That was the first failure and the most expensive. In 1993 the Campbell government cut the order to 28 anti-submarine and 15 search and rescue aircraft, bringing the cost down to 4.4 billion; in October 1993 the incoming Chretien government cancelled the whole thing, incurring roughly 500 million dollars in cancellation fees and leaving the Sea King with no successor at all. The second failure was the decision to split the replacement into two separate contracts for the helicopter and its mission system, which was reversed in 2002 when the procurement was put back together as the Maritime Helicopter Project.<\/p>\n<p>The third was the competition itself. Tenders went out on 17 December 2003; the NH90 was eliminated as non-compliant; and in July 2004 Canada picked the Sikorsky S-92 derivative, designated CH-148 Cyclone, at 1.8 billion dollars for 28 aircraft with the first due in January 2009. The fourth failure was delivery. By September 2013 Sikorsky had accrued over 88 million dollars in late damages, and only interim-standard training aircraft existed. Six Block 1 aircraft were handed over on 19 June 2015 and initial operating capability came in June 2018, nine and a half years late.<\/p>\n<p>Meanwhile the Sea King flew. It went to the Gulf in 1990 and 1991 and to the Adriatic, the Red Sea, Somalia and Haiti; it was maintained at a ratio of maintenance hours to flying hours that became a political scandal in itself; and fourteen of the 41 airframes were written off in accidents, with eight aircrew killed. 423 Squadron flew the last East Coast Sea King sortie from Shearwater on 26 January 2018, three aircraft in a flypast, and the type bowed out formally at Patricia Bay on 1 December 2018.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">03<\/span><span>Stalker 22, 29 April 2020<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>On 29 April 2020 CH-148 Cyclone 148822, call sign Stalker 22, was flying from HMCS Fredericton in the Ionian Sea off Greece during Operation Reassurance, the NATO deployment in eastern and southern Europe. The aircraft struck the water and all six people on board were killed: Sub-Lieutenant Abbigail Cowbrough, Sub-Lieutenant Matthew Pyke, Captain Brenden MacDonald, Captain Kevin Hagen, Captain Maxime Miron-Morin and Master Corporal Matthew Cousins. It was the worst single-day loss the Royal Canadian Air Force had suffered in decades.<\/p>\n<p>The Flight Safety Investigation Report was released on 28 June 2021 and is precise about what happened. The pilot flew a left return-to-target turn at roughly 50 feet above the water and 130 knots, making an abrupt aft cyclic input that took the aircraft up to about 410 feet while the speed fell to 85 knots. The crew had not deselected the radar altitude hold and indicated airspeed hold flight director functions before the manoeuvre, although they had done so during an earlier demonstration of the same turn.<\/p>\n<p>That combination produced what the investigation named the Command Model Attitude Bias Phenomenon: because the flight control laws are fly-by-wire, manually overriding the flight director while it remains engaged can leave the pilot without enough aft cyclic authority to correct the nose attitude. As the aircraft rolled wings level in a nose-down, accelerating attitude, the cyclic was pulled to the aft stop and the aircraft did not respond. The whole sequence, from the start of the turn to impact, took 14 seconds.<\/p>\n<p>Brigadier-General John Alexander, the Director of Flight Safety, was explicit that the phenomenon had been unknown to the manufacturer, to the airworthiness authorities and to the aircrew before the accident. The fleet was paused and flying resumed on 16 June 2020 with restrictions; software and procedural changes followed. Sikorsky later settled with the families. Shearwater&rsquo;s memorial to the six is on the wing it flew from, and the base community in Eastern Passage is small enough that most people there knew somebody on the aircraft.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">04<\/span><span>From air station to heliport<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>Shearwater was a full airfield for eighty years, its two paved runways handling Trackers, Banshees, Argus patrol aircraft and every kind of visitor. The defence budget cuts of the mid-1990s stood CFB Shearwater down as a formation and folded its property into CFB Halifax, leaving 12 Wing as the flying organisation on the same site.<\/p>\n<p>The runways went next. By 2002 only 10\/28 was operational; in July 2007 it was reduced to its eastern end and 16H\/34H reopened for helicopters only. The heliport formally opened on 31 July 2008 with a single 3,500-foot strip and four pads, and the old 16\/34 was permanently closed and put outside the heliport fence. A visitor today sees a great deal of concrete that no longer leads anywhere, which is the visible record of a base that shrank without ever closing.<\/p>\n<p>What did not shrink is the job. 423 Maritime Helicopter Squadron provides the Cyclone detachments that deploy in Maritime Forces Atlantic warships; 406 Maritime Operational Training Squadron trains every maritime helicopter aircrew in the Canadian Armed Forces; 12 Air Maintenance Squadron holds the deep maintenance; and the test and evaluation flight on the base does the work of turning a new mark of software into something a ship&rsquo;s detachment can use. The Pacific squadron, 443, sits under 12 Wing from three time zones away.<\/p>\n<p>The Shearwater Aviation Museum, founded in 1978 and reopened in a former gymnasium in August 1995 with an extension in August 2001, holds the Canadian maritime military aviation collection: a Fairey Swordfish, a Fairey Firefly, a CP-121 Tracker, a CF-101B Voodoo, two CT-133 Silver Stars and two Sea Kings donated by the Canadian Armed Forces in 2018. It also has a reconstructed briefing room from HMCS Bonaventure, which is as close as anyone gets now to the carrier navy.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">05<\/span><span>When Shearwater became the centre of the country<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>At 10:31 on the night of 2 September 1998, Swissair Flight 111, an MD-11 bound from New York to Geneva, went into St Margarets Bay off Peggys Cove with 229 people aboard. Fishing boats from the surrounding villages were on the water within the hour. By the next day the mission had become a recovery, and Operation Persistence was the largest of its kind Canada had attempted.<\/p>\n<p>More than 2,400 Canadian Armed Forces members took part, about 1,300 of them navy, 700 army and 400 air force, alongside roughly 450 RCMP officers and hundreds of Coast Guard staff. HMCS Preserver was the command ship; HMCS Moncton and HMCS Ville de Quebec worked the site; the submarine HMCS Okanagan located the flight data recorder, which was recovered on 6 September, with the cockpit voice recorder following on 11 September.<\/p>\n<p>Shearwater was where it all came ashore. A temporary morgue was established on the base to receive human remains, and the wreckage was brought here for the reconstruction that eventually let the Transportation Safety Board explain what had happened to the aircraft&rsquo;s in-flight entertainment wiring. Recovery work continued until December 1999. Ninety-eight per cent of the aircraft, more than 126,000 kilograms, was recovered, together with over 18,000 kilograms of cargo, and every one of the 229 people on board was identified.<\/p>\n<p>It is not the sort of thing that appears in a wing&rsquo;s mission statement, but for a great many Nova Scotians it is what Shearwater means. The base absorbed families, investigators, divers and press for more than a year, and Eastern Passage did the same.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>12 Wing Shearwater, year by year<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1918<\/div>\n<p>August: the United States Navy opens Naval Air Station Halifax at Baker Point in Eastern Passage to fly anti-submarine patrols. It is the beginning of Canada&rsquo;s second-oldest military airfield.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1948<\/div>\n<p>1 December: the Royal Canadian Navy takes over RCAF Station Dartmouth and commissions it as HMCS Shearwater, the shore base of Canadian naval aviation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1959<\/div>\n<p>February: the Royal Canadian Navy decides to operate anti-submarine helicopters from destroyer escorts rather than only from carriers, which sets off the work that produces the Beartrap.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1963<\/div>\n<p>The first of 41 CH-124 Sea Kings is delivered. On 27 November the first shipboard landing is made on HMCS Assiniboine using the haul-down system.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1967<\/div>\n<p>April: the Beartrap haul-down and rapid-securing device formally enters Royal Canadian Navy service. Derivatives are adopted by the United States, British, Australian and Japanese navies.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1968<\/div>\n<p>1 February: unification abolishes the Royal Canadian Navy and the station becomes CFB Shearwater. Canadian naval aviation as a separate branch ends.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1978<\/div>\n<p>The Shearwater Aviation Museum is founded to hold the Canadian maritime military aviation collection.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1993<\/div>\n<p>October: the incoming government cancels the EH101 order, the first attempt to replace the Sea King, at a cost of about 500 million dollars in penalties.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1998<\/div>\n<p>2 September: Swissair Flight 111 crashes off Peggys Cove with 229 aboard. Shearwater becomes the base for Operation Persistence, the largest recovery operation in Canadian history.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2003<\/div>\n<p>27 February: a Sea King loses an engine taking off from HMCS Iroquois as the ship sails for the Gulf, and falls back onto the flight deck; two crew are slightly hurt.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2004<\/div>\n<p>July: Canada selects the Sikorsky CH-148 Cyclone, 28 aircraft for 1.8 billion dollars, with first delivery promised for January 2009.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2008<\/div>\n<p>31 July: the Shearwater Heliport formally opens. Runway 16\/34 is permanently closed and placed outside the heliport fence.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2015<\/div>\n<p>19 June: the first six CH-148 Cyclones are delivered to 12 Wing in interim Block 1 standard, more than six years late.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2018<\/div>\n<p>26 January: 423 Squadron flies the last East Coast Sea King sortie from Shearwater. In June the Cyclone reaches initial operating capability; the Sea King retires nationally on 1 December after 55 years.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2020<\/div>\n<p>29 April: Cyclone 148822, call sign Stalker 22, is lost in the Ionian Sea while operating from HMCS Fredericton, killing all six on board. The fleet pause is lifted on 16 June.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2021<\/div>\n<p>28 June: the Flight Safety Investigation Report into Stalker 22 identifies the Command Model Attitude Bias Phenomenon and finds the accident sequence lasted 14 seconds.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2024<\/div>\n<p>The Cyclone fleet works towards full operational capability from Shearwater and Patricia Bay, with 423 and 443 Squadrons providing the shipborne detachments.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2025<\/div>\n<p>October: all 28 CH-148 Cyclones ordered have been delivered, leaving 27 in service after the 2020 loss. Shearwater remains the type&rsquo;s training and maintenance centre.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"video\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">On film<\/div>\n<h2>12 Wing Shearwater on film<\/h2>\n<div class=\"vidwrap\">\n<div class=\"vidfr\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/hf2jLPVQv74\" title=\"Day in the Life of the RCAF: Shearwater - Flying the CH-148 Cyclone - Episode 4\" loading=\"lazy\" allow=\"accelerometer; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<div class=\"vidcap\"><b>Day in the Life of the RCAF: Shearwater &#8211; Flying the CH-148 Cyclone &#8211; Episode 4<\/b> Skies Plus, via YouTube.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"incidents\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Incidents &amp; stories<\/div>\n<h2>What happened here<\/h2>\n<div class=\"inc\">\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">29 April 2020<\/div>\n<h3>Stalker 22<\/h3>\n<p>CH-148 Cyclone 148822 of 423 Squadron, flying from HMCS Fredericton in the Ionian Sea off Greece, struck the water during a return-to-target turn and was destroyed. All six on board were killed: Sub-Lieutenant Abbigail Cowbrough, Sub-Lieutenant Matthew Pyke, Captain Brenden MacDonald, Captain Kevin Hagen, Captain Maxime Miron-Morin and Master Corporal Matthew Cousins. The Flight Safety Investigation Report of 28 June 2021 found that manually overriding an engaged flight director produced insufficient aft cyclic authority; the sequence took 14 seconds.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/department-national-defence\/news\/2021\/06\/flight-safety-investigation-report-for-stalker-22-accident.html\">Department of National Defence<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">2 September 1998<\/div>\n<h3>Swissair 111 and Operation Persistence<\/h3>\n<p>Swissair Flight 111 went into St Margarets Bay at 22:31 with 229 people aboard. Shearwater became the shore base for the recovery: more than 2,400 Canadian Armed Forces members took part, with about 450 RCMP officers and hundreds of Coast Guard staff. A temporary morgue was established on the base. The flight data recorder was found on 6 September and the cockpit voice recorder on 11 September. Recovery finished in December 1999, having raised 98 per cent of the aircraft, over 126,000 kilograms, and every person aboard was identified.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/www.veterans.gc.ca\/en\/remembrance\/military-history\/service-canada\/operation-persistence\">Veterans Affairs Canada<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">27 November 1963<\/div>\n<h3>The first landing that mattered<\/h3>\n<p>A CH-124 Sea King made the first operational destroyer landing on HMCS Assiniboine, using the haul-down cable and trap that the Royal Canadian Navy had developed with Fairey Aviation of Canada at Dartmouth. It proved that a ten-tonne helicopter could be worked from a ship a fraction of the size of a carrier. The system was judged successful in mid-1964 and entered service in April 1967, and it is the reason frigate aviation exists in the form it does.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beartrap_(hauldown_device)\">Wikipedia: Beartrap (hauldown device)<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">27 February 2003<\/div>\n<h3>The Sea King on the Iroquois deck<\/h3>\n<p>A Sea King lost one of its two engines as it lifted from HMCS Iroquois near the Grand Banks, while the destroyer was on passage to the Persian Gulf. The aircraft fell about ten metres back onto the flight deck and tipped onto its side; the pilots shut down the remaining engine to limit the damage. A co-pilot and one crew member were slightly hurt. The ship turned back to Nova Scotia, and the accident arrived in the middle of a decade-long public argument about the Sea King&rsquo;s age.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/canada\/destroyer-damaged-sea-king-return-to-n-s-1.404083\">CBC News<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">1985 to 2004<\/div>\n<h3>Four attempts to replace one helicopter<\/h3>\n<p>The Sea King replacement is the longest-running procurement failure in Canadian defence. The New Shipborne Aircraft project began in 1985 and selected the EH101 in 1987; by 1991 it had merged with a search and rescue project into a 50-aircraft, 5.8 billion dollar buy; in 1993 it was cut to 43 aircraft and then cancelled outright in October 1993 for roughly 500 million dollars in penalties. A two-contract structure was abandoned in 2002, tenders reissued on 17 December 2003, and the Cyclone finally chosen in July 2004.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Canadian_Sea_King_replacement\">Wikipedia: Canadian Sea King replacement<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">1967 to 2006<\/div>\n<h3>Fourteen Sea Kings lost<\/h3>\n<p>Of the 41 CH-124s Canada bought, fourteen were written off in accidents between 1967 and 2006, an attrition rate of about a third over forty years, and eight aircrew were killed. The recorded causes cluster in three groups: engine failures in five cases, main gearbox problems in three, and crew input in three. For a fleet flown almost entirely over salt water from small decks, that record is neither unusually bad nor comfortable reading, and it shaped the argument about how long the type should be kept.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/www.navalreview.ca\/2011\/12\/the-sea-king-saga-attrition-by-numbers\/\">Canadian Naval Review<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">26 January 2018<\/div>\n<h3>The last East Coast Sea King<\/h3>\n<p>423 Maritime Helicopter Squadron flew the CH-124&rsquo;s final sortie from 12 Wing Shearwater, with three aircraft in a flypast over the base and Halifax harbour, closing 54 years of Sea King operations from the field where the type had first been worked out. The squadron had already begun converting to the CH-148 Cyclone. The West Coast squadron kept flying until the national retirement ceremony on 1 December 2018 at Patricia Bay.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/skiesmag.com\/press-releases\/423-squadron-conducts-last-sea-king-flight\/\">Skies Magazine<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">31 July 2008<\/div>\n<h3>The day Shearwater stopped being an airfield<\/h3>\n<p>The Shearwater Heliport formally opened, and with it the base ceased to be a fixed-wing aerodrome. Runway 16\/34, 8,998 feet of asphalt, was permanently closed and moved outside the heliport fence; runway 10\/28 had already been cut back in July 2007. What remains in use is 16H\/34H, 3,500 feet, plus four pads. It was the end of a process that began with the mid-1990s budget cuts, when CFB Shearwater was stood down as a formation and its property folded into CFB Halifax.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CFB_Shearwater\">Wikipedia: Shearwater Heliport<\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"map\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Location<\/div>\n<h2>12 Wing Shearwater and its neighbours<\/h2>\n<div class=\"mapframe\">\n<div id=\"oobmap\" class=\"oobmap\" style=\"height:440px\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"legend\"><span><i class=\"dot\"><\/i> Active air base<\/span><span><i class=\"dot was\"><\/i> Closed or reserve<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Nearby base<\/th>\n<th>ICAO<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Based types<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr data-base=\"greenwood\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/greenwood\/\">14 Wing Greenwood<\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">CYZX<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">CP-140 Aurora, CC-295 Kingfisher, CH-149 Cormorant<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"summerside\" class=\"was\">\n<td>CFB Summerside<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">CYSU<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Closed 1991<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Lockheed CP-122 Neptune, Canadair CP-107 Argus, CP-140 Aurora, CC-115 Buffalo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about 12 Wing Shearwater<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>What is 12 Wing Shearwater known for?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Shearwater is Canada&rsquo;s shipborne helicopter base. It is known for the Beartrap, the haul-down device developed here that made it possible to land large helicopters on destroyers; for flying the CH-124 Sea King from 1963 to 2018 while four replacement programmes failed; for the CH-148 Cyclone that replaced it; and for its role as the shore base of Operation Persistence after the Swissair 111 crash in 1998.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is the Beartrap and why does it matter?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">It is a haul-down and rapid-securing device: a cable is passed from the helicopter to the deck, hauled down under tension into a probe on the aircraft&rsquo;s belly to pull it onto the deck, and then clamped in a trap. The Royal Canadian Navy developed it with Fairey Aviation of Canada at Dartmouth, installed it on HMCS Assiniboine in 1962 and 1963, and put it into service in April 1967. The United States, British, Australian and Japanese navies adopted it or a derivative, and modern frigate helicopter operations depend on it.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What happened to the Cyclone that crashed off Greece in 2020?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">On 29 April 2020, CH-148 Cyclone 148822 of 423 Squadron, call sign Stalker 22, was flying from HMCS Fredericton in the Ionian Sea when it struck the water during a return-to-target turn. All six on board were killed. The Flight Safety Investigation Report, released on 28 June 2021, found that when the pilot manually overrode the flight director while it was still engaged, a previously unknown flight control behaviour left insufficient aft cyclic authority to recover. The sequence took 14 seconds.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Who died in the 2020 Cyclone crash?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The Department of National Defence named the six as Sub-Lieutenant Abbigail Cowbrough, Sub-Lieutenant Matthew Pyke, Captain Brenden MacDonald, Captain Kevin Hagen, Captain Maxime Miron-Morin and Master Corporal Matthew Cousins. Four were Royal Canadian Air Force aircrew of 423 Maritime Helicopter Squadron and two were Royal Canadian Navy members of the ship&rsquo;s air detachment.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why did Canada fly the Sea King for fifty-five years?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Because every attempt to replace it failed. The EH101 was selected in 1987, ordered as part of a 50-aircraft programme, cut in 1993 and cancelled in October 1993 at a cost of about 500 million dollars in penalties. A two-contract replacement structure was abandoned in 2002. The Cyclone was chosen in July 2004 for delivery in January 2009 and the first interim aircraft arrived in June 2015. The Sea King retired on 1 December 2018, 55 years after it entered service.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Can fixed-wing aircraft still land at Shearwater?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">No. Shearwater is a heliport. Runway 16\/34, 8,998 feet, and runway 10\/28, 5,692 feet, are both closed; 16\/34 was permanently closed when the heliport formally opened on 31 July 2008 and now sits outside the fence. What remains in use is runway 16H\/34H, 3,500 feet by 112 feet of asphalt, plus four helicopter pads. The ICAO code is still CYAW.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is Shearwater a separate base from Halifax?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Not administratively. CFB Shearwater was stood down as a formation during the mid-1990s defence cuts and its property was transferred to CFB Halifax. 12 Wing remains headquartered at Shearwater and reports to 1 Canadian Air Division, with 423 Maritime Helicopter Squadron, 406 Maritime Operational Training Squadron, 12 Air Maintenance Squadron and the maritime helicopter test and evaluation flight on the site. The Pacific squadron, 443, also belongs to 12 Wing.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What can you see at the Shearwater Aviation Museum?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The museum was founded in 1978, reopened in a former gymnasium in August 1995 and extended in August 2001. It holds the national collection of Canadian maritime military aviation, including a Fairey Swordfish, a Fairey Firefly, a CP-121 Tracker, a CF-101B Voodoo, two CT-133 Silver Stars and two CH-124 Sea Kings donated in 2018, along with a reconstructed briefing room from the carrier HMCS Bonaventure.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is 12 Wing Shearwater still an active military air base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. Active as a heliport; the fixed-wing runways are closed. The Royal Canadian Air Force operates it as 12 Wing \/ Shearwater Heliport, part of CFB Halifax.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is the ICAO code of 12 Wing Shearwater?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The ICAO code of 12 Wing Shearwater is CYAW. The airfield sits at 44 m above sea level in Nova Scotia, at 44.6368 N, 63.5021 W.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How long is the runway at 12 Wing Shearwater?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">12 Wing Shearwater has 3 runways: 16H\/34H, 1,067 m (3,501 ft), asphalt (helicopter operations); 16\/34, 2,743 m (8,999 ft), asphalt (closed); 10\/28, 1,735 m (5,692 ft), asphalt (closed).<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Which squadrons are based at 12 Wing Shearwater?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">12 Wing Shearwater currently hosts 423 Maritime Helicopter Squadron flying the CH-148 Cyclone; 406 Maritime Operational Training Squadron flying the CH-148 Cyclone; Maritime Helicopter Test and Evaluation Flight flying the CH-148 Cyclone.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is 12 Wing Shearwater known for?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Shearwater is Canada\\u2019s shipborne helicopter base. It is known for the Beartrap, the haul-down device developed here that made it possible to land large helicopters on destroyers; for flying the CH-124 Sea King from 1963 to 2018 while four replacement programmes failed; for the CH-148 Cyclone that replaced it; and for its role as the shore base of Operation Persistence after the Swissair 111 crash in 1998.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the Beartrap and why does it matter?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"It is a haul-down and rapid-securing device: a cable is passed from the helicopter to the deck, hauled down under tension into a probe on the aircraft\\u2019s belly to pull it onto the deck, and then clamped in a trap. The Royal Canadian Navy developed it with Fairey Aviation of Canada at Dartmouth, installed it on HMCS Assiniboine in 1962 and 1963, and put it into service in April 1967. The United States, British, Australian and Japanese navies adopted it or a derivative, and modern frigate helicopter operations depend on it.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What happened to the Cyclone that crashed off Greece in 2020?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"On 29 April 2020, CH-148 Cyclone 148822 of 423 Squadron, call sign Stalker 22, was flying from HMCS Fredericton in the Ionian Sea when it struck the water during a return-to-target turn. All six on board were killed. The Flight Safety Investigation Report, released on 28 June 2021, found that when the pilot manually overrode the flight director while it was still engaged, a previously unknown flight control behaviour left insufficient aft cyclic authority to recover. The sequence took 14 seconds.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Who died in the 2020 Cyclone crash?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The Department of National Defence named the six as Sub-Lieutenant Abbigail Cowbrough, Sub-Lieutenant Matthew Pyke, Captain Brenden MacDonald, Captain Kevin Hagen, Captain Maxime Miron-Morin and Master Corporal Matthew Cousins. Four were Royal Canadian Air Force aircrew of 423 Maritime Helicopter Squadron and two were Royal Canadian Navy members of the ship\\u2019s air detachment.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Why did Canada fly the Sea King for fifty-five years?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Because every attempt to replace it failed. The EH101 was selected in 1987, ordered as part of a 50-aircraft programme, cut in 1993 and cancelled in October 1993 at a cost of about 500 million dollars in penalties. A two-contract replacement structure was abandoned in 2002. The Cyclone was chosen in July 2004 for delivery in January 2009 and the first interim aircraft arrived in June 2015. The Sea King retired on 1 December 2018, 55 years after it entered service.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Can fixed-wing aircraft still land at Shearwater?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"No. Shearwater is a heliport. Runway 16\/34, 8,998 feet, and runway 10\/28, 5,692 feet, are both closed; 16\/34 was permanently closed when the heliport formally opened on 31 July 2008 and now sits outside the fence. What remains in use is runway 16H\/34H, 3,500 feet by 112 feet of asphalt, plus four helicopter pads. The ICAO code is still CYAW.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is Shearwater a separate base from Halifax?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Not administratively. CFB Shearwater was stood down as a formation during the mid-1990s defence cuts and its property was transferred to CFB Halifax. 12 Wing remains headquartered at Shearwater and reports to 1 Canadian Air Division, with 423 Maritime Helicopter Squadron, 406 Maritime Operational Training Squadron, 12 Air Maintenance Squadron and the maritime helicopter test and evaluation flight on the site. The Pacific squadron, 443, also belongs to 12 Wing.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What can you see at the Shearwater Aviation Museum?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The museum was founded in 1978, reopened in a former gymnasium in August 1995 and extended in August 2001. It holds the national collection of Canadian maritime military aviation, including a Fairey Swordfish, a Fairey Firefly, a CP-121 Tracker, a CF-101B Voodoo, two CT-133 Silver Stars and two CH-124 Sea Kings donated in 2018, along with a reconstructed briefing room from the carrier HMCS Bonaventure.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is 12 Wing Shearwater still an active military air base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. Active as a heliport; the fixed-wing runways are closed. The Royal Canadian Air Force operates it as 12 Wing \/ Shearwater Heliport, part of CFB Halifax.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the ICAO code of 12 Wing Shearwater?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The ICAO code of 12 Wing Shearwater is CYAW. The airfield sits at 44 m above sea level in Nova Scotia, at 44.6368 N, 63.5021 W.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How long is the runway at 12 Wing Shearwater?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"12 Wing Shearwater has 3 runways: 16H\/34H, 1,067 m (3,501 ft), asphalt (helicopter operations); 16\/34, 2,743 m (8,999 ft), asphalt (closed); 10\/28, 1,735 m (5,692 ft), asphalt (closed).\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Which squadrons are based at 12 Wing Shearwater?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"12 Wing Shearwater currently hosts 423 Maritime Helicopter Squadron flying the CH-148 Cyclone; 406 Maritime Operational Training Squadron flying the CH-148 Cyclone; Maritime Helicopter Test and Evaluation Flight flying the CH-148 Cyclone.\"}}]}<\/script><section id=\"fly\">\n<div class=\"ad\">\n<div class=\"adin\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The part of the collection you can fly<\/div>\n<h2>You cannot borrow a Hornet. You can fly a real military jet with your hands on the stick.<\/h2>\n<p class=\"adp\">MiGFlug flies the L-39 Albatros &mdash; the Czech jet trainer that taught a generation of Warsaw Pact fighter pilots, the other side of the fence the CF-104s at Baden-Soellingen and Zweibr&#252;cken spent thirty years watching. A real military aircraft, a real second seat, aerobatics and time on the controls.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/l-39-albatros-in-switzerland\/\">Fly the L-39 Albatros<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Around 12 Wing Shearwater<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/royal-canadian-air-force\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The operator<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Royal Canadian Air Force<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Fleet, bases and order of battle of the service that flies from here.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Royal Canadian Air Force page<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/air-force\/corporate\/who-we-are\/organizational-structure\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Royal Canadian Air Force: Organizational structure<\/a><span>divisions, wings and squadrons as the service lists them<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/air-force\/corporate\/who-we-are\/organizational-structure\/1-canadian-air-division\/12-wing.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">12 Wing Shearwater<\/a><span>maritime helicopter squadrons<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.navcanada.ca\/en\/flight-planning\/aeronautical-information-products.aspx\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Canada Flight Supplement and Military Flight Supplement, NAV CANADA<\/a><span>runway designators, lengths and surfaces; lengths are published in feet and converted to metres here<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ourairports.com\/data\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">OurAirports open aerodrome and runway data<\/a><span>coordinates, elevations and runway dimensions, cross-checked against AIP Canada where available; lengths converted from feet to metres<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/department-national-defence\/news\/2021\/06\/flight-safety-investigation-report-for-stalker-22-accident.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Flight Safety Investigation Report for Stalker 22 Accident (Department of National Defence)<\/a><span>the 28 June 2021 release date, the Command Model Attitude Bias Phenomenon, the finding that manual input overriding an engaged flight director left insufficient control authority, the names and ranks of the six killed, and the verbatim quotation from Brigadier-General John Alexander<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/verticalmag.com\/news\/cyclone-crash-report-details-fatal-flight-control-problem\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Cyclone crash report details events that led to fatal flight control problem (Vertical Magazine)<\/a><span>the technical detail of the return-to-target turn at about 50 feet and 130 knots, the climb to roughly 410 feet and deceleration to 85 knots, the radar altitude hold and indicated airspeed hold functions left engaged, the cyclic pulled to the aft stop, and the 14-second accident sequence<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.navalreview.ca\/2011\/12\/the-sea-king-saga-attrition-by-numbers\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Sea King attrition saga (Canadian Naval Review)<\/a><span>fourteen of the 41 Canadian Sea Kings lost in accidents between 1967 and 2006, an attrition rate of about a third, seven naval aviators killed plus one further fatality, and the breakdown of causes into engines, main gearboxes and crew input<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.veterans.gc.ca\/en\/remembrance\/military-history\/service-canada\/operation-persistence\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Operation Persistence (Veterans Affairs Canada)<\/a><span>the 2 September 1998 crash at 22:31, the more than 2,400 Canadian Armed Forces members with about 1,300 navy, 700 army and 400 air force, the 450 RCMP officers, HMCS Preserver, Moncton, Ville de Quebec and the submarine Okanagan, the 6 and 11 September recorder recoveries, the temporary morgue at CFB Shearwater, the completion in December 1999 and the 98 per cent recovery of over 126,000 kilograms with all 229 identified<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/canada\/destroyer-damaged-sea-king-return-to-n-s-1.404083\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Destroyer, damaged Sea King return to N.S. (CBC News)<\/a><span>the engine failure on take-off from HMCS Iroquois near the Grand Banks as the ship sailed for the Persian Gulf, the fall of about ten metres back onto the flight deck, the two crew slightly hurt and the verbatim comments of Commander Paul Maddison<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/skiesmag.com\/press-releases\/423-squadron-conducts-last-sea-king-flight\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">423 Squadron conducts its last Sea King flight (Skies Magazine)<\/a><span>the 26 January 2018 final East Coast Sea King flight at 12 Wing Shearwater with three aircraft in the flypast, and the 54 years of Royal Canadian Navy and Royal Canadian Air Force service<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/department-national-defence\/maple-leaf\/rcaf\/migration\/2018\/sea-king-going-out-with-style.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Sea King: Going out with style (Royal Canadian Air Force)<\/a><span>the 24 May 1963 service entry and December 2018 retirement, the CHSS-2 origin as a Royal Canadian Navy anti-submarine system, the operations from HMCS Bonaventure and destroyer escorts, the avionics upgrades and the verbatim quotation from Lieutenant-Colonel Travis Chapman<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/air-force\/corporate\/wings\/12-wing\/history.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">12 Wing Shearwater History (Royal Canadian Air Force)<\/a><span>the August 1918 United States Naval Air Station Halifax at Baker&rsquo;s Point, the description of Shearwater as the birthplace of maritime patrol aviation in Canada, the Second World War bomber reconnaissance squadrons, HMCS Shearwater as the cradle of Canadian naval aviation, the Canadian origin of destroyer helicopter operations and the Sea King&rsquo;s deployments to the Persian Gulf, Red Sea, Somalia, Haiti and the Adriatic<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ourairports.com\/airports\/CYAW\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">OurAirports: CYAW Shearwater Heliport<\/a><span>the coordinates 44.636782 \/ -63.502107 and the field elevation of 144 feet, about 44 metres; the runway list gives 16H\/34H at 3,500 by 112 feet active and 16\/34 and 10\/28 closed. The source publishes in feet and the metric figures here are converted<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Verified 2026-09-21.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .ph1{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ca-hero-shearwater-1.jpg)!important}<\/style>\n<style>#mfam .cflag{background-image:url(https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/swiss-canton-flags-sprite-v2.png)!important}#mfam .cf0{background-position:-2px -2px}#mfam .cf1{background-position:-22px -2px}#mfam .cf2{background-position:-42px -2px}#mfam .cf3{background-position:-62px -2px}#mfam .cf4{background-position:-82px -2px}#mfam .cf5{background-position:-102px -2px}#mfam .cf6{background-position:-122px -2px}#mfam .cf7{background-position:-142px -2px}#mfam .cf8{background-position:-162px -2px}#mfam .cf9{background-position:-182px -2px}<\/style>\n<style>#mfam 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