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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero\">\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; Jamaica<\/div>\n<h1>Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">The Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing, formed on 3 July 1963 with four Cessna 185s from the United States, is a small helicopter, maritime-patrol and training service flying from Norman Manley International Airport &mdash; it has never had combat aircraft, and today its Bell 429s, Bell 505s, Diamond trainers and a single King Air carry the search and rescue, disaster relief and counter-narcotics work of an island state.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>0<\/b><span>Combat aircraft<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1<\/b><span>Active air bases<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1963<\/b><span>Founded<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>16<\/b><span>Types retired<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Country<\/b>Jamaica<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Founded<\/b>1963<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Status<\/b>Active<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Headquarters<\/b>Air Wing Manley Base, Norman Manley International Airport, Kingston<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Commander<\/b>N. Lewis<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>The Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing story: four Cessnas in 1963, helicopters from the Palisadoes and Hurricane Melissa<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1963: four Cessnas and a schoolteacher-pilot<\/h3>\n<p>The Jamaica Defence Force was founded on 31 July 1962, the year of independence, and its air arm followed within a year. The JDF&rsquo;s own history dates the Air Wing to 3 July 1963. Its first member was Captain Victor Beek, seconded from the Ministry of Education; six days later, on 9 July 1963, four Cessna 185B aircraft arrived under a United States military assistance package and were numbered JDF A-1 to A-4. Two US Air Force instructors, Captains Ban Hubbard and Gene Terry, converted the first pilots. The first mission, on 17 August 1963, was a search for a ganja boat named &lsquo;NANA&rsquo;; the first enlisted airman, Lance Corporal Scott, arrived that September as a driver. It was a modest start, and an honest one: from the outset the Air Wing was built for searching, carrying and watching the sea, not for fighting.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Helicopters, mountains and an autonomous unit<\/h3>\n<p>Helicopters came quickly. The JDF lists two Bell 47 G-3B-1s, H-1 and H-2, among its first rotary aircraft, and the first regular Officer Commanding, Major Leslie Whittingham-Jones, a British Army Air Corps helicopter instructor, arrived on 11 October 1963. In 1967 Major Robert Neish and Lieutenant Andrew Bogle flew a high-risk rescue in the Blue Mountains that the JDF still records as a milestone. From 1972 Jamaican pilots trained regularly with the Canadian Forces at Portage la Prairie, and on 1 April 1977 the Air Wing became an autonomous unit under Major Effiom B. Whyte. Over the following decades it flew a mixed fleet that Wikipedia lists as including Twin Otters, Islanders, King Airs, a Beechcraft Duke, Cessna Skymasters and 210s, and Bell 206, 212, 204\/205 and 222 helicopters.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">From Up Park Camp to the Palisadoes<\/h3>\n<p>The Air Wing began at Up Park Camp, the JDF headquarters in Kingston. In May 1981 it moved to Norman Manley International Airport on the Palisadoes, a site with its own military past: the Royal Navy opened an air station there in August 1940, which became HMS Buzzard in 1941 and closed on 31 December 1944. The Air Wing&rsquo;s Eagles Nest hangar opened on 12 February 1988. The base, now called Air Wing Manley Base by the Jamaica Information Service, is still home to the fleet. The work has stayed the same: the JDF lists search and rescue, disaster relief, narcotics interdiction and election support among its tasks, and puts the Air Wing&rsquo;s average at about 2,100 flying hours a year. Its passengers have included royal visitors and heads of state.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Training its own pilots, and a crash at headquarters<\/h3>\n<p>In the 2000s the Air Wing set about training its own aircrew. Cabinet approved two Diamond DA40 FP trainers, and the JDF bought four Bell 407 helicopters in 2007 and 2008. The Jamaica Military Aviation School opened on 7 December 2006, and its first wings class graduated on 17 January 2009, including the first female pilot the Air Wing had produced in 28 years. Months later, on 1 July 2009, a Bell 412EP returning from a training mission crashed into the ground at Up Park Camp, injuring the captain, the co-pilot and a crew member, according to the Wikipedia account. The school has made the Air Wing less dependent on foreign courses, but the fleet it trains for has always been small, and its availability is not published.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">2018&ndash;2026: King Air, Bell 429s and Hurricane Melissa<\/h3>\n<p>The current fleet was rebuilt from 2018. On 14 November 2018 Prime Minister Andrew Holness commissioned a Beechcraft King Air 350 maritime patrol aircraft and two Bell 429 helicopters at Air Wing Manley Base, bought through Sierra Nevada Corporation, Textron Aviation and Bell; the Chief of Defence Staff called them the first of several. Six Bell 505s were ordered in February 2021, and Wikipedia now lists eight Bell 429s, six Bell 505s, Diamond DA40, DA42 and DA62 aircraft and the King Air. The Bell 407s and the 412 are no longer on that list. When Hurricane Melissa struck as a Category 5 storm on 28 October 2025, killing 45 people in Jamaica, JDF Bell 429s flew evacuation missions alongside US Chinooks and Black Hawks. The Air Wing has no combat aircraft, and nothing suggests it wants any.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"pull\">Helicopters came quickly. The JDF lists two Bell 47 G-3B-1s, H-1 and H-2, among its first rotary aircraft, and the first regular Officer Commanding, Major Leslie Whittingham-Jones, a British Army Air Corps helicopter instructor, arrived on 11 October 1963.<cite>Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing &middot; verified 2026-10-01<\/cite><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>The Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Service<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Official name<\/dt>\n<dd>Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing<span class=\"gnote\">The name the JDF uses on jdfweb.com; English is Jamaica&rsquo;s only official language. There is no standalone English Wikipedia article on the Air Wing: the planned title redirects to the Jamaica Defence Force article<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Founded<\/dt>\n<dd>3 July 1963<span class=\"gnote\">First aircraft, four Cessna 185Bs, arrived on 9 July 1963; the JDF itself dates from 31 July 1962<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Part of<\/dt>\n<dd>Jamaica Defence Force<span class=\"gnote\">Placed under the JDF&rsquo;s Maritime, Air and Cyber Command, with the Coast Guard and other units, according to Wikipedia<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Headquarters<\/dt>\n<dd>Air Wing Manley Base, Kingston<span class=\"gnote\">At Norman Manley International Airport since May 1981; the Air Wing began at Up Park Camp<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Commanding officer<\/dt>\n<dd>Maj. N. Lewis (acting)<span class=\"gnote\">As listed by the JDF; date of appointment not published<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Chief of Defence Staff<\/dt>\n<dd>V Adm Antonette Wemyss Gorman<span class=\"gnote\">Head of the JDF<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Disaster relief<\/dt>\n<dd>Hurricane Melissa, 2025<span class=\"gnote\">Bell 429 evacuation and supply flights after the Category 5 landfall of 28 October 2025; Hurricane Beryl brushed the south coast on 3 July 2024<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Strength<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Combat aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>None<span class=\"gnote\">The Air Wing has never operated combat aircraft<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Fixed-wing aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Beechcraft King Air 350 &mdash; 1<\/li>\n<li>Diamond DA62 MPP &mdash; 1<\/li>\n<li>Diamond DA40 &mdash; 4<\/li>\n<li>Diamond DA42 &mdash; 2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Counts from the Wikipedia table (citing FlightGlobal World Air Forces); the JDF publishes no fleet list<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Helicopters<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Bell 429 &mdash; 8<\/li>\n<li>Bell 505 &mdash; 6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Wikipedia counts; two Bell 429s were commissioned in November 2018 and six 505s ordered in February 2021<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Flying hours<\/dt>\n<dd>About 2,100 a year<span class=\"gnote\">The JDF&rsquo;s stated current average<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>JDF personnel<\/dt>\n<dd>About 5,950 active<span class=\"gnote\">Whole Defence Force, plus about 2,580 reserves; the Air Wing&rsquo;s own strength is not published<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Infrastructure<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Air station<\/dt>\n<dd>Air Wing Manley Base<span class=\"gnote\">Norman Manley International Airport (MKJP), on the Palisadoes; maritime patrol aircraft hangar opened with the King Air in 2018<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Former base<\/dt>\n<dd>Up Park Camp<span class=\"gnote\">JDF headquarters in Kingston; the Air Wing&rsquo;s first home, 1963&ndash;1981<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Flying school<\/dt>\n<dd>Jamaica Military Aviation School<span class=\"gnote\">Opened on 7 December 2006; first wings class on 17 January 2009<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Jet bases<\/dt>\n<dd>None<span class=\"gnote\">No military jets are based in Jamaica<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"structure\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Structure<\/div>\n<h2>How the Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing is organised<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">The air arm of the Jamaica Defence Force, under an acting Commanding Officer, with no combat aircraft and one base, Air Wing Manley Base at Norman Manley International Airport in Kingston. <span class=\"imp\">It is a helicopter, maritime patrol and training service: eight Bell 429s, six Bell 505s, a King Air 350 maritime patrol aircraft and Diamond trainers and patrol aircraft, according to Wikipedia.<\/span> The JDF puts its average at about 2,100 flying hours a year, and it trains its own pilots at the Jamaica Military Aviation School, opened in 2006.<\/p>\n<div class=\"org\">\n<div class=\"cmdcard\"><span class=\"cface mono\">NL<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"cmdtx\"><span class=\"crank\">Major<\/span><b>N. Lewis<\/b><span class=\"cmeta\">Acting Commanding Officer, JDF Air Wing<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"cmdorg\"><span>Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgrow\">\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Headquarters<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Norman Manley International Airport, Kingston<\/div>\n<p>The air arm of the Jamaica Defence Force, formed on 3 July 1963 and an autonomous unit since 1 April 1977; Wikipedia places it under the JDF&rsquo;s Maritime, Air and Cyber Command. The JDF lists Major N. Lewis as acting Commanding Officer, without a date of appointment; the Chief of Defence Staff is Vice Admiral Antonette Wemyss Gorman. Wikipedia describes three flight units, a training unit, a support unit and a National Reserve element; how they are distributed is not published.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Helicopters<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Bell helicopters<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Norman Manley International Airport<\/div>\n<p>Eight Bell 429s and six Bell 505s, according to Wikipedia citing FlightGlobal. The first two 429s were commissioned at Air Wing Manley Base on 14 November 2018 and six 505s were ordered in February 2021; JDF Bell 429s flew evacuation missions after Hurricane Melissa in October and November 2025. How many are serviceable is not published.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Maritime patrol<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>King Air 350 and Diamond DA62<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Norman Manley International Airport<\/div>\n<p>A Beechcraft King Air 350 maritime patrol aircraft, commissioned with a new hangar at Air Wing Manley Base on 14 November 2018 for search and rescue and against drug and gun trafficking and illegal fishing; and, according to Wikipedia, one Diamond DA62 MPP, whose delivery date was not found. The Air Wing has never had combat aircraft.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Training<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Jamaica Military Aviation School<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<p>Opened on 7 December 2006; its first wings class graduated on 17 January 2009, including the first female pilot the Air Wing had produced in 28 years. Wikipedia lists four Diamond DA40s and two DA42s. The school&rsquo;s location at Manley Base is inferred from the Air Wing being based there and is not stated in the sources consulted.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"fleet\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">In service<\/div>\n<h2>What the Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing flies today<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every type on charge, linked to its Book of Beasts page where one exists. <span class=\"imp\">Counts are aircraft on the books, not aircraft available on a given day.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-role\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-yr\">\n<col class=\"c-units\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">In service<\/th>\n<th>Since<\/th>\n<th>Units<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph1\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bell 429 GlobalRanger<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility, search and rescue<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>2018<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Eight in the Wikipedia table; two were commissioned on 14 November 2018. When the others arrived is not stated in the sources consulted.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph2\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bell 505 Jet Ranger X<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Training and utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>2021<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Six ordered in February 2021 (Wikipedia, Bell 505 article); six listed in service.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph3\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Beechcraft King Air 350 (maritime patrol)<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Maritime patrol<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>2018<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>One, commissioned on 14 November 2018.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph4\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Diamond DA62 MPP<span class=\"nflag nf0\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Austria\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Maritime patrol<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>One, per Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Diamond DA40<span class=\"nflag nf0\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Austria\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Basic trainer<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>2006<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Four per Wikipedia; the JDF history names two DA40 FPs, the type Cabinet approved in about 2006.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph5\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Diamond DA42<span class=\"nflag nf0\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Austria\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Multi-engine trainer<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Two per Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"fleetchart\">\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Bell 429<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:100%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">8<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Bell 505<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:75%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">6<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">DA40<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:50%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">4<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">DA42<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:25%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">2<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">King Air 350<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:12%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">1<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">DA62<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:12%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">1<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"former\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Formerly operated<\/div>\n<h2>Every type the Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing has retired<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">16 types, from the Cessna 185B Skywagon to the Aero Commander 500 family (Gulfstream Air Commander). <span class=\"imp\">Peak figures are airframes taken on charge over the whole service life, not fleet strength on any one date.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet former\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-role\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-srv\">\n<col class=\"c-rep\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Peak<\/th>\n<th>Served<\/th>\n<th>Replaced by<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Aero Commander 500 family (Gulfstream Air Commander)<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Liaison transport<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Cabinet authorised the sale of a Gulfstream Air Commander when it approved the DA40 purchase, about 2006; the year is approximate.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph6\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bell 407<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>2007&ndash;<\/td>\n<td>Bell 429, Bell 505<\/td>\n<td>Four acquired in 2007 and 2008, according to the JDF.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph7\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bell 412EP<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Bell 429<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph8\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Cessna 185B Skywagon<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility and liaison<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>1963&ndash;<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Four, JDF A-1 to A-4, received on 9 July 1963.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bell 47G-3B-1<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light helicopter<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>1963&ndash;<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Two, H-1 and H-2, according to the JDF history.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph9\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bell 206 JetRanger<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light helicopter<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Listed by the JDF and Wikipedia; dates and numbers not published.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph10\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bell 212<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Listed by the JDF and Wikipedia; dates and numbers not published.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\" class=\"was\">Bell UH-1 Iroquois and Bell 204\/205<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Listed among former types by Wikipedia; dates and numbers not found in an official source.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bell 222UT<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light twin helicopter<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Listed among former types by Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph11\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Eurocopter AS355 Ecureuil 2<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light twin helicopter<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Listed among former types by Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph12\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter<span class=\"nflag nf1\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Canada\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility transport<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Listed by the JDF and Wikipedia; dates and numbers not published.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph13\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Britten-Norman BN-2 Islander<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility transport<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Listed by the JDF and Wikipedia; dates and numbers not published.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph14\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Beechcraft King Air (earlier aircraft)<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Transport<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>King Air 350 (2018)<\/td>\n<td>An earlier King Air is listed by the JDF and Wikipedia; the variant is not stated.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph15\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Beechcraft Duke<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Liaison<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Listed among former types by Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph16\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Cessna 337 Skymaster<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Liaison and observation<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Listed among former types by Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph17\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Cessna 210 Centurion<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Liaison<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Listed among former types by Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"bases\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Air bases<\/div>\n<h2>Where the Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing flies from<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Black pins are active bases. <span class=\"imp\">The Air Wing has flown from Norman Manley International Airport on the Palisadoes since May 1981, on the site of a Royal Navy air station of 1940&ndash;1944; it began at Up Park Camp, the JDF headquarters in Kingston, which has no runway.<\/span> Coordinates for Norman Manley are from Wikipedia, as the Jamaican AIP was not reached; no official coordinates were found for Up Park Camp, so it has no pin, and no runways are listed until they can be checked.<\/p>\n<div class=\"mapframe\">\n<div id=\"oobmap\" class=\"oobmap\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"legend\"><span><i class=\"dot\"><\/i> Active air base<\/span><span><i class=\"dot was\"><\/i> Closed or reserve<\/span><span>Click a pin to open the base page<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"basefind\" data-filter=\"#basetbl\" data-item=\"tbody tr\" data-noun=\"air bases\" placeholder=\"Search bases, parish, units, aircrafts\" aria-label=\"Search bases, parish, units, aircrafts\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"basefind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"basefind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"basetbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Base<\/th>\n<th>ICAO<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Runway<\/th>\n<th>Units and aircraft<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr id=\"base-norman-manley\" data-base=\"norman-manley\" data-x=\"active active Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing KIN\">\n<td>Air Wing Manley Base, Norman Manley International Airport<span>Kingston (Palisadoes)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>MKJP<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing<\/span>: <span>Bell 429, Beechcraft King Air 350 (maritime patrol), Bell 505<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Jamaica Military Aviation School<\/span>: <span>Diamond DA40, Diamond DA42<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-up-park-camp\" data-base=\"up-park-camp\" data-x=\"active former Headquarters, Jamaica Defence Force \" class=\"was\">\n<td>Up Park Camp<span>Kingston<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Closed 1981<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"was\"><span>Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing (original base)<\/span>: <span>Cessna 185B, Bell 47G-3B-1<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"basefind\">No air base matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"oob\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Order of battle<\/div>\n<h2>Who is stationed where in the Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Flying units by base, current units first. <span class=\"imp\">No squadrons are published, so the Air Wing is listed as one unit at Norman Manley with its Bell 429s, Bell 505s and King Air, beside the Jamaica Military Aviation School and its Diamond trainers.<\/span> The school&rsquo;s place at Manley Base is inferred rather than stated in the sources, and the Air Wing&rsquo;s flight units are not assigned.<\/p>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"unitfind\" data-filter=\"#oobwrap\" data-item=\".oob\" data-noun=\"installations\" placeholder=\"Search squadrons, wings, aircraft, bases\" aria-label=\"Search squadrons, wings, aircraft, bases\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"unitfind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"unitfind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"oobwrap\" id=\"oobwrap\">\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Kingston (Palisadoes) active Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing\">\n<div><span>Air Wing Manley Base, Norman Manley International Airport &middot; MKJP<\/span><em>Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing<small>Air wing (helicopters, maritime patrol, training) &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Bell 429, Beechcraft King Air 350 (maritime patrol), Bell 505<\/dd>\n<dt>Jamaica Military Aviation School<small>Flying training school &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Diamond DA40, Diamond DA42<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"unitfind\">No unit matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing milestones, 1914 to today<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1940<\/div>\n<p>August: the Royal Navy begins building an air station on the Palisadoes, later HMS Buzzard; it closes on 31 December 1944 and the site becomes Kingston&rsquo;s airport.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1962<\/div>\n<p>31 July: the Jamaica Defence Force is founded, a week before independence.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1963<\/div>\n<p>3 July: the Air Wing is formed; 9 July: four Cessna 185Bs arrive under US military assistance; 17 August: first mission, a search for the boat &lsquo;NANA&rsquo;; 11 October: Major Leslie Whittingham-Jones arrives as first regular Officer Commanding.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1967<\/div>\n<p>Major Robert Neish and Lieutenant Andrew Bogle fly a high-risk rescue in the Blue Mountains.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1972<\/div>\n<p>Regular pilot training begins with the Canadian Forces at Portage la Prairie.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1977<\/div>\n<p>1 April: the Air Wing becomes an autonomous unit under Major Effiom B. Whyte.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1981<\/div>\n<p>May: the Air Wing moves from Up Park Camp to Norman Manley International Airport.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1988<\/div>\n<p>12 February: the Eagles Nest hangar opens.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2006<\/div>\n<p>7 December: the Jamaica Military Aviation School opens; Cabinet approves two Diamond DA40 FP trainers.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2007<\/div>\n<p>First of four Bell 407s acquired in 2007 and 2008.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2009<\/div>\n<p>17 January: the first wings class graduates. 1 July: a Bell 412EP crashes at Up Park Camp; three crew injured.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2018<\/div>\n<p>14 November: a King Air 350 maritime patrol aircraft and two Bell 429s are commissioned at Air Wing Manley Base.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2021<\/div>\n<p>February: six Bell 505s ordered.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2025<\/div>\n<p>13 January: Exercise Event Horizon opens with a fly-past at the Kingston Waterfront. 28 October: Hurricane Melissa makes landfall; JDF Bell 429s fly evacuation missions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"makers\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The manufacturers<\/div>\n<h2>Who built the Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing fleet<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every company behind the aircraft on this page has its own page: the story, every type it built, the numbers and the other air forces that fly them.<\/p>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3>Current fleet and orders<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/diamond\/\">Diamond Aircraft<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/bell\/\">Bell<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/beechcraft\/\">Beechcraft<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>Former fleet<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/cessna\/\" class=\"was\">Cessna<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/aero-commander\/\" class=\"was\">Aero Commander<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/britten-norman\/\" class=\"was\">Britten-Norman<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/eurocopter\/\" class=\"was\">Eurocopter<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/de-havilland-canada\/\" class=\"was\">de Havilland Canada<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about the Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>What is the Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">It is the air arm of the Jamaica Defence Force, flying helicopters, a maritime patrol aircraft and trainers from Air Wing Manley Base at Norman Manley International Airport in Kingston. Its tasks, in the JDF&rsquo;s words, include search and rescue, disaster relief, narcotics interdiction and election support. The name used here is the one on the JDF&rsquo;s own website, jdfweb.com; there is no standalone English Wikipedia article on the Air Wing, whose title redirects to the Jamaica Defence Force article.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>When was the JDF Air Wing founded?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">On 3 July 1963, according to the JDF&rsquo;s own history. Its first four aircraft, Cessna 185Bs supplied under a US military assistance package, arrived on 9 July 1963, and the first mission was flown on 17 August 1963.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Does Jamaica have fighter jets?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">No. The Air Wing has never flown combat aircraft. Its fleet is made up of Bell helicopters, a King Air maritime patrol aircraft and Diamond trainers and patrol aircraft.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What aircraft does the JDF Air Wing fly?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Wikipedia, citing FlightGlobal, lists eight Bell 429s, six Bell 505s, one King Air 350, one Diamond DA62 MPP, four Diamond DA40s and two DA42s. The JDF itself publishes no fleet list, and how many are serviceable is not public.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Where is the Jamaica Air Wing based?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">At Air Wing Manley Base, Norman Manley International Airport on the Palisadoes, Kingston, where it moved in May 1981. It started at Up Park Camp, the JDF headquarters.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Does the JDF still fly the Bell 407 and Bell 412?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Not according to the current Wikipedia fleet table, which lists only Bell 429s and Bell 505s among helicopters. The JDF bought four Bell 407s in 2007 and 2008, and a Bell 412EP crashed at Up Park Camp in 2009. The JDF has not published when the remaining 407s left service.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What did the Air Wing do after Hurricane Melissa?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">After Melissa struck as a Category 5 hurricane on 28 October 2025, JDF Bell 429s flew evacuation and supply missions to cut-off communities, working alongside US Chinook and Black Hawk helicopters, the Jamaica Information Service reported on 4 November 2025.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Where do JDF pilots train?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">At the Jamaica Military Aviation School, opened on 7 December 2006, whose first wings class graduated on 17 January 2009. From 1972 Jamaican pilots had trained with the Canadian Forces at Portage la Prairie.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Has the JDF Air Wing ever fought in a war?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">No combat operation by the Air Wing is recorded in the sources consulted. Its operational history is search and rescue, disaster relief, counter-narcotics patrols and support to the police.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"It is the air arm of the Jamaica Defence Force, flying helicopters, a maritime patrol aircraft and trainers from Air Wing Manley Base at Norman Manley International Airport in Kingston. Its tasks, in the JDF\\u2019s words, include search and rescue, disaster relief, narcotics interdiction and election support. The name used here is the one on the JDF\\u2019s own website, jdfweb.com; there is no standalone English Wikipedia article on the Air Wing, whose title redirects to the Jamaica Defence Force article.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"When was the JDF Air Wing founded?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"On 3 July 1963, according to the JDF\\u2019s own history. Its first four aircraft, Cessna 185Bs supplied under a US military assistance package, arrived on 9 July 1963, and the first mission was flown on 17 August 1963.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Does Jamaica have fighter jets?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"No. The Air Wing has never flown combat aircraft. Its fleet is made up of Bell helicopters, a King Air maritime patrol aircraft and Diamond trainers and patrol aircraft.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What aircraft does the JDF Air Wing fly?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Wikipedia, citing FlightGlobal, lists eight Bell 429s, six Bell 505s, one King Air 350, one Diamond DA62 MPP, four Diamond DA40s and two DA42s. The JDF itself publishes no fleet list, and how many are serviceable is not public.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Where is the Jamaica Air Wing based?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"At Air Wing Manley Base, Norman Manley International Airport on the Palisadoes, Kingston, where it moved in May 1981. It started at Up Park Camp, the JDF headquarters.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Does the JDF still fly the Bell 407 and Bell 412?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Not according to the current Wikipedia fleet table, which lists only Bell 429s and Bell 505s among helicopters. The JDF bought four Bell 407s in 2007 and 2008, and a Bell 412EP crashed at Up Park Camp in 2009. The JDF has not published when the remaining 407s left service.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What did the Air Wing do after Hurricane Melissa?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"After Melissa struck as a Category 5 hurricane on 28 October 2025, JDF Bell 429s flew evacuation and supply missions to cut-off communities, working alongside US Chinook and Black Hawk helicopters, the Jamaica Information Service reported on 4 November 2025.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Where do JDF pilots train?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"At the Jamaica Military Aviation School, opened on 7 December 2006, whose first wings class graduated on 17 January 2009. From 1972 Jamaican pilots had trained with the Canadian Forces at Portage la Prairie.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Has the JDF Air Wing ever fought in a war?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"No combat operation by the Air Wing is recorded in the sources consulted. Its operational history is search and rescue, disaster relief, counter-narcotics patrols and support to the police.\"}}]}<\/script><hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"gallery\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Read the aircraft the Jamaica Defence Force Air Wing flew<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every type with a page in the Book of Beasts, in service first, then by the year it left the fleet.<\/p>\n<div class=\"acgrid\"><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\"><span class=\"im none\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Bell UH-1 Iroquois and Bell 204\/205<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jdfweb.com\/jdf-air-wing\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Jamaica Defence Force: JDF Air Wing (unit home and history)<\/a><span>Founding 3 July 1963; Captain Victor Beek; four Cessna 185Bs on 9 July 1963; first mission 17 August 1963; Major Whittingham-Jones 11 October 1963; 1967 Blue Mountains rescue; 1972 Portage la Prairie; autonomy 1 April 1977; move to Norman Manley May 1981; Eagles Nest 12 February 1988; JMAS 7 December 2006; first wings 17 January 2009; four Bell 407s 2007-08; about 2,100 hours a year; type list.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jdfweb.com\/air-wing-leaders\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Jamaica Defence Force: Air Wing leaders<\/a><span>Major N Lewis, acting Commanding Officer; WO1 L E Robinson, RSM. Accessed 1 October 2026.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jis.gov.jm\/jdf-acquires-new-surveillance-aircraft\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Jamaica Information Service: JDF Acquires New Surveillance Aircraft (16 November 2018)<\/a><span>King Air 350 maritime patrol aircraft and two Bell 429s commissioned on 14 November 2018 at Air Wing Manley Base; Sierra Nevada, Textron Aviation and Bell; new MPA hangar.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jis.gov.jm\/jdf-executes-multiple-evacuation-missions-with-international-support-following-hurricane-melissa\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Jamaica Information Service: JDF Executes Multiple Evacuation Missions with International Support Following Hurricane Melissa (4 November 2025)<\/a><span>JDF Bell 429s; US Chinooks and Black Hawks; 25 communities marooned.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jis.gov.jm\/jdf-invites-public-to-attend-opening-ceremony-of-exercise-event-horizon-on-january-13\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Jamaica Information Service: JDF Invites Public to Attend Opening Ceremony of Exercise Event Horizon on January 13<\/a><span>Sail and fly-past at the Kingston Waterfront; Vice Admiral Antonette Wemyss-Gorman as Chief of Defence Staff (related JIS report).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jis.gov.jm\/jdf-to-get-two-new-aircraft\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Jamaica Information Service: JDF to get Two New Aircraft<\/a><span>Cabinet approval of two Diamond DA40 FP aircraft and sale of a Gulfstream Air Commander (about 2006; date from the JIS listing, approximate).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jis.gov.jm\/jamaica-military-aviation-school-begins-training-of-jdf-personnel\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Jamaica Information Service: Jamaica Military Aviation School Begins Training of JDF Personnel<\/a><span>Opening of the aviation school (search listing; content consistent with the JDF history).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jis.gov.jm\/norman-manley-airport-facilitating-ongoing-hurricane-recovery-operations\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Jamaica Information Service: Norman Manley Airport Facilitating Ongoing Hurricane Recovery Operations (2025)<\/a><span>Relief cargo flights alongside commercial operations after Hurricane Melissa (search listing).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Figures verified 2026-10-01. Order of Battle pages are regenerated from a single dataset; if a number here disagrees with a Book of Beasts page, this page is the more recent of the two.<\/p>\n<p class=\"verified\">Photographs: Photo: Avalon Shores \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Bene Riob&#243; \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Acroterion \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Matti Blume \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Anil &#214;ztas \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Chme82 \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Carlos E. Perez S.L \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Ken Fielding \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0) &middot; Photo: Mfield &#8211; Matthew Field, http:\/\/www.photography.mattfield.com \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 2.5) &middot; Photo: Hans Hillewaert \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Wilfredor \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC0) &middot; Photo: Daniel Case \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0) &middot; Photo: Dietmar Rabich \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Gordon Leggett \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Don Ramey Logan \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Balon Greyjoy \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC0) &middot; Photo: Arpingstone \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .ph1{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ca-t-116.jpg)!important}#mfam 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