{"id":21510,"date":"2026-08-19T14:55:09","date_gmt":"2026-08-19T12:55:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/?page_id=21510"},"modified":"2026-08-19T14:56:21","modified_gmt":"2026-08-19T12:56:21","slug":"airco-dh-9","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/es\/aircraft\/airco-dh-9\/","title":{"rendered":"Airco DH.9"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"mfam\">\n<style> @import url('https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Lora:ital,wght@0,400;0,500;1,400;1,500&display=swap'); body.page-id-21510 h1.entry-title.main_title{display:none} body.page-id-21510 #main-content .container{padding-top:0} body.page-id-21510 #left-area{padding-bottom:0} html{overflow-x:hidden} body.page-id-21510{overflow-x:hidden} body.page-id-21510 #sidebar{display:none} body.page-id-21510 #left-area{width:100%!important;float:none;padding:0} #mfam{width:100vw;margin-left:calc(50% - 50vw);background:#fff;color:#14181f;line-height:1.7;font-family:'Gilroy 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Only a handful of DH.9s survive: most are static museum exhibits, and there is a single airworthy example (restored by the Historic Aircraft Collection from airframes recovered in India) that appears at air shows but is not available for passenger flights. However, you can fly in genuine ex-military jets and warbirds today \u2014 see what is currently available at migflug.com\/flights-prices\/.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Why was the Airco DH.9 worse than the DH.4 it replaced?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Because of its engine. The DH.9 kept much of the DH.4\u2019s good airframe but swapped the superb Rolls-Royce Eagle for the new BHP\/Siddeley Puma, which had to be de-rated to about 230 hp and was unreliable. The result was a bomber that was slower and had a much lower ceiling than the DH.4 \u2014 a serious problem for a daylight bomber that needed height and speed to survive.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What engine did the DH.9 use, and why was it a problem?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The BHP\/Siddeley Puma inline-six. It was expected to give around 300 hp and to be mass-produced cheaply, but proved unreliable and had to be de-rated to roughly 230 hp. It ran hot, failed often, and left the aircraft underpowered \u2014 many DH.9 losses were caused by engine failure rather than enemy action.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What was the DH.9A \u201cNinak\u201d?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The DH.9A was the redemption of the design: the same basic aircraft re-engined with the reliable American 400 hp Liberty L-12 and given a strengthened airframe. Nicknamed the \u201cNinak,\u201d it became an excellent, dependable bomber and a mainstay of the post-war RAF into the 1930s.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Did the DH.9 really suffer heavy losses over Germany?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Yes. Flying daylight strategic raids with the Independent Air Force in 1918, DH.9 squadrons were badly exposed to German fighters they could not out-climb or outrun, and to their own failing engines. Contemporary accounts record very heavy losses. Exact totals vary between sources, but the type\u2019s vulnerability is not disputed.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"How many Airco DH.9s were built?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Sources vary. The DH.9 is commonly cited at around 3,000\u20134,000 built (roughly 3,200 is typical), with the DH.9A adding some 1,700\u20132,000 more from British production. The Soviet Union built a further 2,400+ unlicensed copies as the Polikarpov R-1. Treat any single figure as approximate.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Was the DH.9 exported or built abroad?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Extensively. It was operated by many countries and licence-built abroad: Spain built hundreds with Hispano-Suiza engines, South Africa flew it as a founding type of its air force, the Soviet Union copied it as the Polikarpov R-1, and it served in Australia, Belgium, the Netherlands, Poland, Estonia, Ireland and more. Many also had a long civil career as early airliners and mail-planes.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Are there any surviving Airco DH.9s?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"A few. Remarkably complete airframes were recovered from India (famously stored in a maharaja\u2019s fort\/stables) and restored. There is one airworthy DH.9, restored by the Historic Aircraft Collection, plus static originals at IWM Duxford, the RAF Museum, the Mus\u00e9e de l\u2019Air in Paris, and in South Africa and India.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What was the DH.9\u2019s role and armament?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"It was a two-seat day bomber. The pilot fired a fixed forward .303 Vickers machine gun; the observer had one or two .303 Lewis guns on a Scarff ring. It carried up to about 460 lb of bombs. Top speed was around 182 km\/h (113 mph).\"}}]}<\/script><header class=\"hero\">\n<div class=\"hero-media\"><img data-opt-id=1190029232  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:1536\/h:1024\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/airco-dh-9-d5649-survivor.jpg\"  src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%201536%201024%22%20width%3D%221536%22%20height%3D%221024%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%221536%22%20height%3D%221024%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"Airco DH.9 D5649, a restored WWI British day bomber recovered from India, at IWM Duxford\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/\">Military Aircraft Encyclopedia<\/a> \u203a <span>Day bomber<\/span> \u203a <span>Airco DH.9<\/span><\/div>\n<h1>Airco DH.9<br \/><em>the bomber that went backwards<\/em><\/h1>\n<p class=\"sub\">Britain\u2019s 1918 day bomber was meant to improve on the superb DH.4 \u2014 but a de-rated, unreliable engine left it slower, lower-flying and terribly vulnerable, and its crews paid for it over Germany. Re-engined as the DH.9A, the very same design became one of the finest bombers of its age.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>~182 km\/h<\/b><span>Top speed (113 mph, Puma)<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>230 hp<\/b><span>Siddeley Puma (de-rated, unreliable)<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>~3,200<\/b><span>DH.9 built (plus many DH.9A; figures vary)<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1917\u201331<\/b><span>Service, incl. DH.9A colonial policing<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"credit\">Photo: Falcon Photography \u00b7 CC BY-SA 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons) \u2014 DH.9 D5649, recovered from India and restored<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Role<\/b> Two-seat day bomber<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Era<\/b> World War I &amp; 1920s<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Engine<\/b> Siddeley Puma (DH.9) \u00b7 Liberty L-12 (DH.9A)<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Origin<\/b> Britain \u00b7 Airco (de Havilland)<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Status<\/b> Retired \u00b7 a few survive; one airworthy<\/span><a class=\"chip fly\" href=\"#faq\">Can you still fly an Airco DH.9?<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section>\n<div class=\"kicker\">The Story<\/div>\n<h2>The Airco DH.9: how engine politics turned a great bomber into a death-trap \u2014 and back again<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<p>By 1917 the British had, in the <strong>Airco DH.4<\/strong>, one of the best day bombers of the First World War: fast, high-flying and, with the Rolls-Royce Eagle, blessed with a superb engine. So when the Aircraft Manufacturing Company and its brilliant designer <strong>Geoffrey de Havilland<\/strong> set out to build a successor, expectations were high. The new <strong>DH.9<\/strong> reused much of the DH.4\u2019s proven airframe but moved the pilot back next to the observer for better teamwork, and \u2014 crucially \u2014 was designed around a promising new engine that was supposed to be cheaper and available in huge numbers.<\/p>\n<p>That engine was the problem. The Rolls-Royce Eagle was magnificent but hand-built and scarce, so the DH.9 was designed around the new <strong>BHP \/ Siddeley Puma<\/strong> inline six, expected to give around 300 hp and to be mass-produced. It never delivered. To make it reliable at all the Puma had to be <strong>de-rated to about 230 hp<\/strong>, and even then it was chronically <strong>unreliable and underpowered<\/strong>. The result was one of the cruellest ironies in aviation procurement: the DH.9 that was meant to improve on the DH.4 actually performed <strong>worse than the aircraft it replaced<\/strong> \u2014 slower, and with a markedly lower service ceiling.<\/p>\n<p>For a day bomber, height and speed were life. The DH.4 could often climb above the German fighters; the DH.9 could not. Trials reportedly showed the new bomber to be inferior, and senior officers protested, but with production already tooled and the air service desperate for aircraft the DH.9 went to the front anyway. Through the summer and autumn of 1918 the <strong>day-bomber squadrons of the Independent Air Force<\/strong> \u2014 the RAF\u2019s strategic bombing arm \u2014 flew deep raids against targets in Germany in DH.9s that could neither outrun nor outclimb the defenders. The losses were savage. In one commonly cited period two squadrons lost <strong>dozens of aircraft to enemy action and even more to engine failure and accidents<\/strong>. It was, in the plainest terms, a step backwards forced by engine politics \u2014 a cautionary tale about betting a war machine on an engine that isn\u2019t ready.<\/p>\n<p>And yet the story does not end in failure, because the airframe underneath was sound. The redemption came from across the Atlantic. Re-engined with the reliable American <strong>400 hp Liberty L-12<\/strong> and given a strengthened, enlarged airframe, the design was reborn as the <strong>DH.9A<\/strong> \u2014 universally nicknamed the <strong>\u201cNinak\u201d<\/strong> (from \u201cnine-ack\u201d). With power to match its ambitions the Ninak was everything the DH.9 should have been: strong, dependable and long-legged. It arrived only in the last weeks of the war, but its real career came afterwards.<\/p>\n<p>Through the 1920s the DH.9A became a <strong>mainstay of the peacetime RAF<\/strong>, and in particular the workhorse of Britain\u2019s policy of colonial \u201c<strong>air control<\/strong>\u201d \u2014 policing the vast territories of <strong>Iraq, India and the Middle East<\/strong> from the air. Rugged and easy to maintain in the field, the Ninak soldiered on in RAF service until around 1931. The wider DH.9 family, meanwhile, spread across the world: it was <strong>hugely exported and licence-built<\/strong>. Spain built hundreds with Hispano-Suiza engines; South Africa flew it as a founding type of its air force; and the Soviet Union produced <strong>over 2,400 unlicensed copies<\/strong> as the <strong>Polikarpov R-1<\/strong>, making a de Havilland design the standard Soviet light bomber of the decade. Surplus DH.9s also had a long <strong>civil career<\/strong> as early airliners, mail-planes and joy-riding machines.<\/p>\n<p>The DH.9\u2019s honest legacy is therefore two-sided. As first built it is a textbook example of how a single bad component \u2014 forced through for reasons of production politics rather than merit \u2014 can undo an otherwise good aeroplane and cost the lives of the men who fly it. As the DH.9A it is proof that the same airframe, given the engine it always deserved, could become a genuinely great and long-serving bomber. Few aircraft carry both lessons at once. <strong>Note:<\/strong> production totals, loss figures and performance numbers vary between sources and are hedged throughout this page.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"deepset\">\n<details class=\"deep\">\n<summary><span class=\"no\">01<\/span><span class=\"t\">Why the Airco DH.9 was worse than the DH.4 it replaced<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">\n<p>The DH.9 kept much of the DH.4\u2019s aerodynamics but swapped its superb Rolls-Royce Eagle for the new <strong>BHP\/Siddeley Puma<\/strong>, expected to be more powerful and far easier to mass-produce. When the Puma proved unreliable it was <strong>de-rated to roughly 230 hp<\/strong> \u2014 well short of the Eagle\u2019s output in a heavier aircraft. The consequence was lower speed and, more dangerously, a <strong>much reduced service ceiling<\/strong>. For a daylight bomber that had to reach and hold high altitude to survive, losing height meant losing lives. Comparative trials are said to have shown the DH.9 inferior to the DH.4, and its introduction was opposed \u2014 but production was already committed. <strong>Hedge:<\/strong> exact trial figures vary by source.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"deep\">\n<summary><span class=\"no\">02<\/span><span class=\"t\">The Independent Air Force raids and the DH.9\u2019s heavy losses of 1918<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">\n<p>In the summer of 1918 the DH.9 equipped several day-bomber squadrons of the <strong>Independent Air Force<\/strong>, the RAF\u2019s strategic bombing force tasked with hitting German industry and railways. Flying by day, low and slow, they were badly exposed to German fighters and to their own failing engines. Contemporary accounts and later histories record <strong>very heavy losses<\/strong> \u2014 a substantial share of them from engine failure rather than enemy fire, with crews sometimes forced down over hostile territory. It remains one of the clearest cautionary tales of fielding an under-developed powerplant in wartime. <strong>Hedge:<\/strong> precise squadron-by-squadron loss totals differ between sources.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"deep\">\n<summary><span class=\"no\">03<\/span><span class=\"t\">From DH.9 to DH.9A \u201cNinak\u201d: the Liberty engine and redemption<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">\n<p>The fix was more power and a stronger structure. Fitted with the American <strong>400 hp Liberty L-12<\/strong> V-12 and a redesigned, enlarged airframe, the aircraft became the <strong>DH.9A<\/strong>, nicknamed the <strong>\u201cNinak.\u201d<\/strong> It reached the front only in the final weeks of the war, but proved so capable and dependable that it became a standard RAF type into the 1930s. The same basic de Havilland design that had failed as the DH.9 succeeded completely once it finally had the engine it needed \u2014 a rare and instructive reversal.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"kicker\">Design &amp;amp; Engineering<\/div>\n<h2>How the Airco DH.9 was built: a sound airframe, a fatal engine, and the Liberty cure<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cards3\">\n<div class=\"ecard\">\n<div class=\"num\">01<\/div>\n<h3>A refined DH.4 airframe with the crew together<\/h3>\n<p>De Havilland reused much of the excellent DH.4\u2019s wooden, wire-braced two-bay biplane structure but moved the pilot aft, seating him and the observer back-to-back. That improved crew communication and defensive coordination \u2014 a genuine step forward that the engine would sadly negate.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ecard\">\n<div class=\"num\">02<\/div>\n<h3>The Siddeley Puma: the flaw at the heart of it<\/h3>\n<p>The DH.9 was built around the BHP\/Siddeley Puma inline six, meant to give ~300 hp and mass production. De-rated to ~230 hp for reliability it still ran hot and failed often, leaving the bomber underpowered, low-flying and slower than the DH.4 \u2014 the single decision that defined the aircraft.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ecard\">\n<div class=\"num\">03<\/div>\n<h3>Two guns, a useful bomb load \u2014 and the Liberty answer<\/h3>\n<p>Armament was a fixed forward Vickers .303 for the pilot and one or two Lewis guns on the observer\u2019s Scarff ring, with up to ~460 lb of bombs. The DH.9A answered the power problem with the 400 hp Liberty L-12 and a strengthened airframe, roughly doubling the installed power.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"deepset\">\n<details class=\"deep\">\n<summary><span class=\"no\">04<\/span><span class=\"t\">The engine question: BHP, Puma, Eagle and Liberty<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">\n<p>The DH.9\u2019s troubles trace to a supply decision. The Rolls-Royce Eagle that made the DH.4 so good was hand-built and scarce, so planners chose the new <strong>BHP<\/strong> (Beardmore-Halford-Pullinger) engine, developed by Siddeley-Deasy as the <strong>Puma<\/strong>, because it promised more power and far greater output. In service the Puma could not reliably deliver its rated power and was <strong>de-rated to about 230 hp<\/strong>. Only the American <strong>Liberty L-12<\/strong> of ~400 hp, fitted to the DH.9A, finally gave the design a dependable, powerful engine. <strong>Hedge:<\/strong> some DH.9s also flew with other engines (e.g. the Fiat A.12), and figures vary.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"deep\">\n<summary><span class=\"no\">05<\/span><span class=\"t\">How many were built \u2014 DH.9 and DH.9A<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">\n<p>Figures vary between sources. The DH.9 was produced in very large numbers \u2014 commonly cited as around <strong>3,000\u20134,000<\/strong> built across many British contractors (roughly <strong>3,200<\/strong> is a typical figure). The DH.9A added on the order of <strong>1,700\u20132,000<\/strong> more from British production, and the Soviet Union built <strong>over 2,400<\/strong> further copies as the <strong>Polikarpov R-1<\/strong>. Spain and others licence-built still more. <strong>Hedge:<\/strong> totals differ widely; treat any single number as approximate.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"deep\">\n<summary><span class=\"no\">06<\/span><span class=\"t\">Crew, armament and what the DH.9 could carry<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">\n<p>The DH.9 was a <strong>two-seater<\/strong>: pilot and observer\/gunner. The pilot fired a fixed, synchronised <strong>.303 in Vickers<\/strong> machine gun; the observer had one or two <strong>.303 in Lewis guns<\/strong> on a rotating <strong>Scarff ring<\/strong>. Bomb load was up to around <strong>460 lb<\/strong> (two 230-lb or several smaller bombs) carried externally. The DH.9A could lift a heavier load thanks to its Liberty engine. These are nominal figures \u2014 loadouts varied with mission, fuel and altitude.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"kicker\">Full Specifications<\/div>\n<h2>Airco DH.9 specifications: dimensions, performance, armament and cost<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Airframe &amp;amp; powerplant (DH.9)<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Crew<\/dt>\n<dd>2 (pilot + observer\/gunner)<\/dd>\n<dt>Length<\/dt>\n<dd>9.27 m (30 ft 5 in)<\/dd>\n<dt>Wingspan<\/dt>\n<dd>12.92 m (42 ft 4 in)<\/dd>\n<dt>Height<\/dt>\n<dd>3.44 m (11 ft 3 in)<\/dd>\n<dt>Empty weight<\/dt>\n<dd>\u2248 1,012 kg (2,230 lb)<\/dd>\n<dt>Loaded weight<\/dt>\n<dd>\u2248 1,723 kg (3,800 lb)<\/dd>\n<dt>Engine (DH.9)<\/dt>\n<dd>Siddeley Puma inline-6, \u2248 230 hp (de-rated from ~300 hp; unreliable)<\/dd>\n<dt>Engine (DH.9A)<\/dt>\n<dd>American Liberty L-12 V-12, \u2248 400 hp<\/dd>\n<dt>Configuration<\/dt>\n<dd>Two-bay wood-and-fabric biplane day bomber<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Performance, armament &amp;amp; cost<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Max speed (DH.9)<\/dt>\n<dd>\u2248 182 km\/h (113 mph) \u2014 slower than the DH.4<\/dd>\n<dt>Service ceiling<\/dt>\n<dd>\u2248 4,700 m (15,500 ft) \u2014 markedly lower than the DH.4<\/dd>\n<dt>Endurance<\/dt>\n<dd>\u2248 4.5 hours<\/dd>\n<dt>Armament<\/dt>\n<dd>1 \u00d7 fixed .303 Vickers + 1\u20132 \u00d7 .303 Lewis on Scarff ring<\/dd>\n<dt>Bomb load<\/dt>\n<dd>Up to \u2248 460 lb (209 kg) of bombs<\/dd>\n<dt>Number built<\/dt>\n<dd>\u2248 3,200 DH.9 + ~1,700\u20132,000 DH.9A + 2,400+ Soviet R-1 (figures vary)<\/dd>\n<dt>Unit cost<\/dt>\n<dd>Not reliably recorded (WWI)<\/dd>\n<dt>Cost per flight hour<\/dt>\n<dd>Not reliably recorded (WWI)<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"deepset\">\n<details class=\"deep\">\n<summary><span class=\"no\">07<\/span><span class=\"t\">Variants: DH.9, DH.9A \u201cNinak\u201d, the Soviet R-1 and civil conversions<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">\n<p>The <strong>DH.9<\/strong> was the original Puma-engined day bomber. The <strong>DH.9A<\/strong> (\u201cNinak\u201d) was the strengthened, Liberty-engined redemption that served the RAF into the 1930s. Abroad, <strong>Spain<\/strong> licence-built hundreds with Hispano-Suiza engines, <strong>South Africa<\/strong> flew and re-engined it (the Bristol Jupiter-powered \u201cM\u2019pala\u201d), and the <strong>Soviet Union<\/strong> built <strong>2,400+<\/strong> copies as the <strong>Polikarpov R-1<\/strong>. Numerous DH.9s were converted for <strong>civil use<\/strong> as early airliners, air-mail and joy-riding aircraft (e.g. the DH.9B\/9C). <strong>Hedge:<\/strong> variant designations and totals differ between sources.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"deep\">\n<summary><span class=\"no\">08<\/span><span class=\"t\">What an Airco DH.9 \u201ccost\u201d \u2014 and why we can\u2019t give a number<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">\n<p>There is no reliable, comparable unit price or cost-per-flight-hour for a 1918 British day bomber of this class. Wartime accounting, the collapse of Airco after the war, and the sheer spread of licence and export production mean any single figure would mislead, so we record it honestly as <strong>not reliably recorded<\/strong>. What can be said is that the DH.9 was deliberately conceived to be <strong>cheaper and more mass-producible<\/strong> than the Rolls-Royce-engined DH.4 \u2014 an economy that, through the Puma, proved false.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>Airco DH.9 timeline: from flawed bomber to long-serving Ninak<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1916<\/div>\n<h3>Designed by de Havilland<\/h3>\n<p>Airco\u2019s Geoffrey de Havilland develops the DH.9 as a cheaper, mass-producible successor to the excellent DH.4, built around the new BHP\/Puma engine.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">Jul 1917<\/div>\n<h3>First flight<\/h3>\n<p>The prototype flies from Hendon; introduction to service follows in November 1917.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1917\u201318<\/div>\n<h3>The engine debacle<\/h3>\n<p>The Puma proves unreliable and is de-rated to ~230 hp. Trials reportedly show the DH.9 inferior to the DH.4 it replaces \u2014 but production is already committed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">Summer 1918<\/div>\n<h3>Independent Air Force raids<\/h3>\n<p>DH.9 day-bomber squadrons raid targets in Germany by day and suffer heavy losses to fighters and engine failure alike.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1918<\/div>\n<h3>The DH.9A \u201cNinak\u201d<\/h3>\n<p>Re-engined with the 400 hp American Liberty and given a stronger airframe, the DH.9A enters service in the war\u2019s final weeks \u2014 the redemption of the design.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1919\u201320s<\/div>\n<h3>Global export &amp; licence build<\/h3>\n<p>Spain, South Africa, Belgium and many others operate or build the type; surplus DH.9s begin a long civil career as airliners and mail-planes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1920s<\/div>\n<h3>RAF colonial air-policing<\/h3>\n<p>The DH.9A becomes the workhorse of Britain\u2019s \u201cair control\u201d over Iraq, India and the Middle East.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1922\u201332<\/div>\n<h3>Soviet Polikarpov R-1<\/h3>\n<p>The USSR builds 2,400+ unlicensed DH.9A copies as the R-1 \u2014 its standard light bomber and reconnaissance aircraft.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">c. 1931<\/div>\n<h3>RAF withdrawal<\/h3>\n<p>The DH.9A is finally retired from front-line RAF service after more than a decade of colonial service.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2000s\u2013today<\/div>\n<h3>Survivors recovered &amp; restored<\/h3>\n<p>Airframes recovered from India (some from a maharaja\u2019s stables\/museum) are restored \u2014 including the world\u2019s only airworthy DH.9.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"kicker\">Stories &amp;amp; Eyewitnesses<\/div>\n<h2>The Airco DH.9 in its own words: engine failures, redemption and rediscovery<\/h2>\n<div class=\"car\"><button class=\"cbtn p\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('stcar').scrollBy({left:-712,behavior:'smooth'})\" aria-label=\"Previous\">\u2039<\/button><button class=\"cbtn n\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('stcar').scrollBy({left:712,behavior:'smooth'})\" aria-label=\"Next\">\u203a<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"track\" id=\"stcar\">\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">The promise<\/div>\n<h4>A successor to the DH.4<\/h4>\n<p>On paper the DH.9 looked like an improvement: the same fine airframe, the crew seated together, and a new engine promised in huge numbers.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">De Havilland\u2019s reasoning was sound. The DH.4\u2019s one weakness was the scarcity of its hand-built Rolls-Royce Eagle; a cheaper, mass-produced engine would let Britain build day bombers by the thousand. The airframe changes \u2014 pilot and observer together \u2014 were genuine improvements. Everything depended on the engine delivering. It did not.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">The Puma<\/div>\n<h4>The engine that wasn\u2019t ready<\/h4>\n<p>The BHP\/Siddeley Puma was meant to give 300 hp. To run reliably at all it had to be de-rated to about 230 \u2014 and even then it failed often.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">The Puma is the villain of the DH.9 story. Rushed into mass production before it was mature, it overheated, cracked and quit. Every horsepower lost came straight off the bomber\u2019s ceiling and speed, and every failure over the lines could mean a crew down in enemy territory. It is the classic case of a war machine undone by one immature component.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Worse, not better<\/div>\n<h4>A step backwards<\/h4>\n<p>Comparative trials reportedly showed the DH.9 to be slower and lower-flying than the DH.4 it was built to replace \u2014 and senior officers said so.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">It is rare for a replacement aircraft to be plainly inferior to its predecessor, but that is what the numbers showed. The protests were on record; the decision to proceed anyway was driven by production commitments and desperation for numbers, not by the merits of the machine. The men who flew it inherited that decision.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Over Germany<\/div>\n<h4>The Independent Force raids<\/h4>\n<p>Through 1918 DH.9 squadrons of the Independent Air Force flew daylight raids deep into Germany \u2014 and were cut to pieces.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">Daylight strategic bombing demanded height and speed the DH.9 did not have. German fighters could climb above the labouring bombers, and the Puma thinned the formations before the enemy even arrived. Some raids returned having lost a large fraction of their aircraft. It was courage spent against a handicap the crews had not chosen.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Engine failure<\/div>\n<h4>The enemy behind the firewall<\/h4>\n<p>A grim share of DH.9 losses came not from the enemy but from the engine quitting \u2014 sometimes over hostile ground, far from home.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">Airmen learned to distrust their own powerplant. Forced landings, seized engines and crews taken prisoner after a mechanical failure were part of daily life on the DH.9 squadrons. For a bomber sent far behind the lines, an unreliable engine was as deadly as any fighter.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">The Liberty<\/div>\n<h4>America\u2019s 400 horses<\/h4>\n<p>Fitting the big American Liberty L-12 transformed the design: suddenly there was power to spare, and the aircraft became strong and dependable.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">The Liberty was everything the Puma was not \u2014 powerful, plentiful and reliable. Married to a strengthened airframe it turned a failure into the DH.9A, an aircraft crews trusted. The lesson was stark: the airframe had never been the problem.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">The Ninak<\/div>\n<h4>A bomber crews loved<\/h4>\n<p>Nicknamed the \u201cNinak,\u201d the DH.9A became a standard RAF type into the 1930s \u2014 rugged, honest and easy to keep flying in the field.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">Where the DH.9 is remembered for its failures, the DH.9A is remembered with affection. It could be serviced on a desert strip, carried a useful load a long way, and simply kept going. It is one of the great might-have-beens made good: the same design, finally done right.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Air control<\/div>\n<h4>Policing an empire from the air<\/h4>\n<p>Through the 1920s the DH.9A was the workhorse of Britain\u2019s policy of \u201cair control\u201d over Iraq, India and the Middle East.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">\u201cAir control\u201d \u2014 substituting aircraft for expensive ground garrisons \u2014 was controversial then and remains so, involving bombing of villages and tribesmen. The DH.9A was its everyday tool: long-ranged, reliable and cheap to run. Its post-war career was as much colonial policing as it was soldiering, and any honest account has to say so.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">The R-1<\/div>\n<h4>A de Havilland in Soviet colours<\/h4>\n<p>The Soviet Union built more than 2,400 unlicensed copies as the Polikarpov R-1 \u2014 making the DH.9A the standard Soviet light bomber of the decade.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">It is a striking historical twist that Britain\u2019s troubled 1918 bomber, re-engined and copied, became the backbone of the young Soviet air force. The R-1 served in numbers no British contract ever matched, and it kept a wartime de Havilland design in front-line use well into the 1930s.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Going civil<\/div>\n<h4>Airliners, mail and joy-rides<\/h4>\n<p>Surplus DH.9s were converted by the hundred into early passenger aircraft, mail-planes and pleasure-flight machines across post-war Europe.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">With thousands of surplus airframes and no war to fight, the DH.9 found a second life in the cradle of civil aviation \u2014 carrying passengers in enclosed cabins (the DH.9C), flying air-mail, and giving countless ordinary people their first-ever flight. The bomber that failed at war helped teach the world to fly for pleasure.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Recovered from India<\/div>\n<h4>Out of a maharaja\u2019s stable<\/h4>\n<p>Decades later, remarkably complete DH.9 airframes were discovered in India \u2014 famously stored in a maharaja\u2019s elephant stables and fort \u2014 and brought back to Britain.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">The survival of any DH.9 is a small miracle, and several owe it to India: airframes gifted or sold after the war and then simply stored for eighty years in the dry heat of Rajasthan. Their rediscovery in the 2000s gave restorers something almost unheard-of \u2014 original WWI bombers substantial enough to rebuild. <strong>Hedge:<\/strong> the exact provenance of each airframe is told slightly differently in different accounts.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Flying again<\/div>\n<h4>The world\u2019s only airworthy DH.9<\/h4>\n<p>From those Indian relics came the world\u2019s only airworthy Airco DH.9 \u2014 painstakingly restored by the Historic Aircraft Collection and flown again a century on.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">The restoration, documented by the team and by the press, returned a genuine WWI day bomber to the air \u2014 the only flying example of its kind. Other originals are preserved statically at IWM Duxford, the RAF Museum, Paris and in South Africa and India. For a type once written off as a failure, simply surviving \u2014 and flying \u2014 is its own quiet vindication.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"kicker\">Photo Gallery<\/div>\n<h2>Airco DH.9 in photographs: wartime service, the DH.9A, survivors and civil life<\/h2>\n<div class=\"car\"><button class=\"cbtn p\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('gal').scrollBy({left:-712,behavior:'smooth'})\" aria-label=\"Previous\">\u2039<\/button><button class=\"cbtn n\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('gal').scrollBy({left:712,behavior:'smooth'})\" aria-label=\"Next\">\u203a<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"track gal\" id=\"gal\">\n<figure><img data-opt-id=739124788  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:1024\/h:675\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/airco-dh-9-restored-duxford.jpg\"  decoding=\"async\" class=\"ph\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%201024%20675%22%20width%3D%221024%22%20height%3D%22675%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%221024%22%20height%3D%22675%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"A restored Airco DH.9 at Duxford, showing the two-bay biplane layout and the aft cockpit s\"><figcaption>A restored Airco DH.9 at Duxford, showing the two-bay biplane layout and the aft cockpit shared by pilot and observer.<span>Photo: Roland Turner \u00b7 CC BY-SA 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><img data-opt-id=638867152  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:1024\/h:665\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/airco-dh-9a-ninak-raf-museum-1.jpg\"  decoding=\"async\" class=\"ph\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%201024%20665%22%20width%3D%221024%22%20height%3D%22665%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%221024%22%20height%3D%22665%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"An Airco DH.9A \u201cNinak\u201d at the RAF Museum, Hendon \u2014 the redeemed, Liberty-engined version t\"><figcaption>An Airco DH.9A \u201cNinak\u201d at the RAF Museum, Hendon \u2014 the redeemed, Liberty-engined version that served the RAF into the 1930s.<span>Photo: Ad Meskens \u00b7 CC BY-SA 4.0<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><img data-opt-id=1988319958  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:768\/h:576\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/airco-dh-9a-raf-period-1.jpg\"  decoding=\"async\" class=\"ph\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20768%20576%22%20width%3D%22768%22%20height%3D%22576%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22768%22%20height%3D%22576%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"A DH.9A in Royal Air Force service in the 1920s \u2014 the workhorse of Britain\u2019s colonial \u201cair\"><figcaption>A DH.9A in Royal Air Force service in the 1920s \u2014 the workhorse of Britain\u2019s colonial \u201cair control.\u201d<span>Photo: Royal Air Force \u00b7 public domain<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><img data-opt-id=876623689  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:1024\/h:749\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/airco-dh-9-civil-airmail-sas.jpg\"  decoding=\"async\" class=\"ph\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%201024%20749%22%20width%3D%221024%22%20height%3D%22749%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%221024%22%20height%3D%22749%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"A converted DH.9 loads mail bags for a Copenhagen\u2013Hamburg service \u2014 evidence of the type\u2019s\"><figcaption>A converted DH.9 loads mail bags for a Copenhagen\u2013Hamburg service \u2014 evidence of the type\u2019s long civil career.<span>Photo: SAS Scandinavian Airlines \u00b7 public domain<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><img data-opt-id=1271089056  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:1024\/h:681\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/airco-dh-9-bikaner-india.jpg\"  decoding=\"async\" class=\"ph\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%201024%20681%22%20width%3D%221024%22%20height%3D%22681%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%221024%22%20height%3D%22681%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"An Airco DH.9 preserved at Junagarh Fort, Bikaner, India \u2014 the country from which several \"><figcaption>An Airco DH.9 preserved at Junagarh Fort, Bikaner, India \u2014 the country from which several survivors were recovered.<span>Photo: Jakub Ha\u0142un \u00b7 CC BY-SA 4.0<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><img data-opt-id=1419346963  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:768\/h:436\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/airco-dh-9-turkish-captured.jpg\"  decoding=\"async\" class=\"ph\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20768%20436%22%20width%3D%22768%22%20height%3D%22436%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22768%22%20height%3D%22436%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"A DH.9 captured from Greek forces and flown in Turkish service, 1921 \u2014 one of many export \"><figcaption>A DH.9 captured from Greek forces and flown in Turkish service, 1921 \u2014 one of many export and captured users.<span>Photo: Turkish Air Force \u00b7 public domain<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><img data-opt-id=279836737  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:768\/h:875\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/airco-dh-9-three-view-drawing.jpg\"  decoding=\"async\" class=\"ph\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20768%20875%22%20width%3D%22768%22%20height%3D%22875%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22768%22%20height%3D%22875%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"A period three-view general-arrangement drawing of the Airco DH.9.\"><figcaption>A period three-view general-arrangement drawing of the Airco DH.9.<span>Source: general-arrangement drawing \u00b7 public domain<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"finenote\">Tap or click any photo to enlarge. All images are used under their stated licences; credits appear in each caption.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"kicker\">On Film<\/div>\n<h2>Restored to fly: the world\u2019s only airworthy Airco DH.9<\/h2>\n<div class=\"vidwrap\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/dt2fUneTVGM\" title=\"Historic World War One Airco DH9 bomber restored to former glory \u2014 The Telegraph\" loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p class=\"finenote\">\u201cHistoric World War One Airco DH9 bomber restored to former glory.\u201d Filmed by <strong>The Telegraph<\/strong> (an established news channel, 6M+ subscribers), this report follows the Historic Aircraft Collection\u2019s restoration of a DH.9 recovered from India \u2014 today the world\u2019s only airworthy example.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Operations Map<\/div>\n<h2>Where the Airco DH.9 flew: British origin, the 1918 raids, global export and survivors<\/h2>\n<p>One country designed and first flew it; its brief, costly war was fought over the Western Front and Germany; and its long afterlife as the DH.9A and the Soviet R-1 spread it across the world. Toggle the categories to see its British origin, its 1918 service and raids, the post-war and export operators, and where original airframes survive today. Hover or tap a country for detail.<\/p>\n<div id=\"dh9-map-widget\" style=\"font-family:'Gilroy semiBold','Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,Lucida,sans-serif;max-width:1080px;width:100%;\">\n<div id=\"dh9-map-container\" style=\"width:100%;position:relative\"><svg id=\"dh9-map-svg\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;display:block\"><\/svg><\/p>\n<div id=\"dh9-tooltip\" style=\"position:fixed;background:#1a1a2e;color:#fff;padding:10px 16px;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:.3px;pointer-events:auto;opacity:0;transition:opacity .15s;z-index:1000;max-width:360px;line-height:1.5\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"dh9-controls\" style=\"display:flex;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;margin-top:12px;\"><button class=\"dh9-toggle active\" data-cat=\"origin\" data-full=\"Origin &amp; manufacturer\" data-short=\"Origin\" style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;padding:8px 12px;border:2px solid #5C91FF;background:#fff;cursor:pointer;font-family:inherit;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;color:#1a1a2e;white-space:nowrap;transition:all .25s\"><\/p>\n<div style=\"width:14px;height:14px;flex-shrink:0;background:#5C91FF\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"dh9-label\">Origin &amp; manufacturer<\/span><span class=\"dh9-check\" style=\"font-size:10px;opacity:1\">\u2713<\/span><\/button><button class=\"dh9-toggle active\" data-cat=\"service\" data-full=\"WWI service &amp; raids on Germany\" data-short=\"WWI service\" style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;padding:8px 12px;border:2px solid #6B8E23;background:#fff;cursor:pointer;font-family:inherit;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;color:#1a1a2e;white-space:nowrap;transition:all .25s\"><\/p>\n<div style=\"width:14px;height:14px;flex-shrink:0;background:linear-gradient(135deg,#4A6741 25%,#6B8E23 25%,#6B8E23 50%,#556B2F 50%,#556B2F 75%,#8B9D77 75%);background-size:8px 8px\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"dh9-label\">WWI service &amp; raids on Germany<\/span><span class=\"dh9-check\" style=\"font-size:10px;opacity:1\">\u2713<\/span><\/button><button class=\"dh9-toggle active\" data-cat=\"postwar\" data-full=\"Post-war &amp; export operators\" data-short=\"Post-war\" style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;padding:8px 12px;border:2px solid #555;background:#fff;cursor:pointer;font-family:inherit;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;color:#1a1a2e;white-space:nowrap;transition:all .25s\"><\/p>\n<div style=\"width:14px;height:14px;flex-shrink:0;background:#555\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"dh9-label\">Post-war &amp; export operators<\/span><span class=\"dh9-check\" style=\"font-size:10px;opacity:1\">\u2713<\/span><\/button><button class=\"dh9-toggle active\" data-cat=\"survivors\" data-full=\"Surviving airframes\" data-short=\"Survivors\" style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;padding:8px 12px;border:2px solid #bbb;background:#fff;cursor:pointer;font-family:inherit;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;color:#1a1a2e;white-space:nowrap;transition:all .25s\"><\/p>\n<div style=\"width:14px;height:14px;flex-shrink:0;background:#C0C0C0\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"dh9-label\">Surviving airframes<\/span><span class=\"dh9-check\" style=\"font-size:10px;opacity:1\">\u2713<\/span><\/button><\/div>\n<div id=\"dh9-count\" style=\"text-align:left;font-size:14px;color:#666;margin-top:12px;line-height:1.7;width:100%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<style>#dh9-map-widget .dh9-toggle:hover{border-color:#999!important}#dh9-map-widget .dh9-toggle:not(.active){color:#999!important;border-color:#E0E0E0!important}#dh9-map-widget .dh9-toggle:not(.active) .dh9-check{opacity:0!important}#dh9-map-widget .country{fill:#E8ECF1;stroke:#C8D0DA;stroke-width:.4;transition:fill .3s,stroke .3s}#dh9-map-widget .country:hover{stroke-width:1;stroke:#999}#dh9-map-widget 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\"><\/div>\n<p><script>(function(){var el=document.getElementById(\"dh9-data\");var js=decodeURIComponent(escape(atob(el.getAttribute(\"data-js\"))));var sc=document.createElement(\"script\");sc.text=js;document.body.appendChild(sc);})();<\/script><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"kicker\">Combat Record<\/div>\n<h2>The Airco DH.9\u2019s war record: costly by day, redeemed by the Ninak<\/h2>\n<div class=\"combat\">\n<div class=\"cstat\"><b>Heavy<\/b><span>Independent Force day-bomber losses, 1918<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"cstat zero\"><b>~half<\/b><span>of some losses from engine failure, not the enemy<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"cstat\"><b>1917\u201331<\/b><span>DH.9 \/ DH.9A service span<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"finenote\">The DH.4 shaped two stories at once: daylight strategic bombing in Europe, and the industrial birth of American military aviation. Figures are approximate and drawn from published histories; we flag them as estimates.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp;amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Airco DH.9: frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open=\"\">\n<summary>Can I fly in an Airco DH.9?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">No \u2014 MiGFlug does not offer Airco DH.9 flights, and the type is not a bookable ride. Only a handful of DH.9s survive: most are static museum exhibits, and there is a single airworthy example (restored by the Historic Aircraft Collection from airframes recovered in India) that appears at air shows but is not available for passenger flights. However, you <b>can<\/b> fly in genuine ex-military jets and warbirds today \u2014 see what is currently available at <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/\">migflug.com\/flights-prices\/<\/a>.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why was the Airco DH.9 worse than the DH.4 it replaced?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Because of its engine. The DH.9 kept much of the DH.4\u2019s good airframe but swapped the superb Rolls-Royce Eagle for the new BHP\/Siddeley Puma, which had to be de-rated to about 230 hp and was unreliable. The result was a bomber that was <b>slower and had a much lower ceiling<\/b> than the DH.4 \u2014 a serious problem for a daylight bomber that needed height and speed to survive.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What engine did the DH.9 use, and why was it a problem?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The <b>BHP\/Siddeley Puma<\/b> inline-six. It was expected to give around 300 hp and to be mass-produced cheaply, but proved unreliable and had to be de-rated to roughly 230 hp. It ran hot, failed often, and left the aircraft underpowered \u2014 many DH.9 losses were caused by engine failure rather than enemy action.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What was the DH.9A \u201cNinak\u201d?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The <b>DH.9A<\/b> was the redemption of the design: the same basic aircraft re-engined with the reliable American <b>400 hp Liberty L-12<\/b> and given a strengthened airframe. Nicknamed the \u201cNinak,\u201d it became an excellent, dependable bomber and a mainstay of the post-war RAF into the 1930s.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Did the DH.9 really suffer heavy losses over Germany?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. Flying daylight strategic raids with the Independent Air Force in 1918, DH.9 squadrons were badly exposed to German fighters they could not out-climb or outrun, and to their own failing engines. Contemporary accounts record very heavy losses. Exact totals vary between sources, but the type\u2019s vulnerability is not disputed.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How many Airco DH.9s were built?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Sources vary. The DH.9 is commonly cited at around <b>3,000\u20134,000<\/b> built (roughly 3,200 is typical), with the DH.9A adding some <b>1,700\u20132,000<\/b> more from British production. The Soviet Union built a further <b>2,400+<\/b> unlicensed copies as the Polikarpov R-1. Treat any single figure as approximate.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Was the DH.9 exported or built abroad?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Extensively. It was operated by many countries and licence-built abroad: <b>Spain<\/b> built hundreds with Hispano-Suiza engines, <b>South Africa<\/b> flew it as a founding type of its air force, the <b>Soviet Union<\/b> copied it as the Polikarpov R-1, and it served in Australia, Belgium, the Netherlands, Poland, Estonia, Ireland and more. Many also had a long <b>civil career<\/b> as early airliners and mail-planes.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Are there any surviving Airco DH.9s?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">A few. Remarkably complete airframes were recovered from India (famously stored in a maharaja\u2019s fort\/stables) and restored. There is one <b>airworthy<\/b> DH.9, restored by the Historic Aircraft Collection, plus static originals at <b>IWM Duxford<\/b>, the <b>RAF Museum<\/b>, the Mus\u00e9e de l\u2019Air in Paris, and in South Africa and India.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What was the DH.9\u2019s role and armament?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">It was a <b>two-seat day bomber<\/b>. The pilot fired a fixed forward .303 Vickers machine gun; the observer had one or two .303 Lewis guns on a Scarff ring. It carried up to about <b>460 lb<\/b> of bombs. Top speed was around 182 km\/h (113 mph).<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"ad\">\n<div class=\"adin\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Fly a real fighter<\/div>\n<h2>You cannot fly the Airco DH.4 \u2014<br \/>but these, you can<\/h2>\n<p class=\"adp\">The DH.4 lives on only in museums and a rare airworthy reproduction. But you can still strap into a real military jet and fly it yourself. Here is what MiGFlug can put you in.<\/p>\n<div class=\"car\"><button class=\"cbtn p\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('flycar').scrollBy({left:-712,behavior:'smooth'})\">\u2039<\/button><button class=\"cbtn n\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('flycar').scrollBy({left:712,behavior:'smooth'})\">\u203a<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"track\" id=\"flycar\"><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAACOCAMAAAAoyq6hAAAAYFBMVEVHcEyut62mvL7HxrPwozoKMHlBQkbMy7h3d3SspI5ub2\/FkEzuozvAv61blb5hZWpfuOyvrptxcW\/\/qzhawf+Ni264t6MMFzScm4rjhhbS0b5\/gHtWW2Pa2cZey\/\/q7O5rLEUTAAAAEXRSTlMAdKXu\/P3+\/v01bv6fzP6u4\/EZI0IAAAuDSURBVHja7Z0JY6o8E4Vrqxg3FBRIDdr\/\/y+\/zCRg2LcAue83B2\/3a20ez8xk9euLRCKRSCQSiUQikUgkEolEIpGs6AzanM8HQ9QqawK5F7UFASNqmnV0uDdoe6bGWUXbeyMSil0uxCxTRGQFbe5ExK0ksm0BQlHLsZh1p8zuGBAi4lDhS0ScK3xR1EVcMWZt9b+7CelITeRQ4UvF7yqF71bpbtw+X6Did2ldIyYiBpcQQr2Vkp\/jZ\/K6Uhsta5GwQ4yILKuwkwgl9mVjFiMiTukoyCNuJZFOh0giVGo5FbOkiIhbQBgRcajwVcUvEXGn8KXuiINJhIi4VWcREdeSiARCRNyKWeSR5TrrfYFQl92pmEWDKIuJ9QZCRJyKWeQRtwpfIuJeEiEibhW+RMS9JAIiIk7FLPKIazGLiDgXs4iIS4Uv5RGnOuvkETdjFhFxDggRWSOJMCki4kThKwSXCkDyfSQYzVitF7NYBChieWWKAYsgIit01pmIuCJQVYUJzbPPKEVDWqOWRe4TQSvolopZaI1mGrlNWMkkRGQebbpZaAlaG79IEgl6i9MwyhK6xP2JsOLaeCIyh777AwkCRuWvSzGrQkRQsTWDgglEaMXW2jGrXP7SyNaahS\/2EjmNoziVRKrVL\/UR141ZlR4iha21gdQQcaHaOsDt8P8YsypBa\/lO4uGwkfo2ddPKPt98b47H4795rP1QIDFfessCvmIAIuAXfpEP4fZ418n86kMwwW4PhLTZ\/FOvODA4ZgWidjPi0T4GZQRAEIPU\/FkMQLr09uFRPd7yI8T0UFz+jZgVTw9aGLeux4MdN0gKl4tyo+JQVui\/u4gAEGESyrEc\/nNJJIijhsURkslxkh++LzyoRVD8\/emu0yKiBERjeQAV16EMj1lB06oUJmTNdR2STGVpdFSGiPdS6Ii4Y8osDndpF5CwFkjmltvNZSab4UB425ZEXEQkc0pTmXPIAtPm+xqmnr6kwjSE8x8jHvGAq3CVqwCE7TqIqBTit\/yANIqzTIbHrNq8XuEi21Z+cGXXy4V\/Xz6XqpQC3cyw8EgigB+WREASjxZSwuVJghtIYrHb7drTiALS+iPgE0eRXGIbpW\/DGU8slG2p45CORnFpFUWtE3gURQLcBpi8NN6XgLQSeYtuIIqJkzYZEbOCqPfqUxGMUiFgvf5EajxIBNJKJOwIWUaaX8kmqnMFr89W1uawCfRyxSHqDYQHk\/X8SxMFhEfoz10HkRu6sw8QRLKCTVpfo+IUoWQoz1eS2rNIZINHmCRhjAUvctFAdo93WwoJb4+eevuLD5C2viLCNqqqG03PpfPTeez\/giRJmAIC7zKHNBJRKSTsz0O6aeM4kG4ufCmD\/L12Eoj4AAmCXU6kuVvYH8gNuiwyvy+aQs5nOGt\/MJCMy2iL2DJIEiEQT3PJgKTNKSRkfYEwjG7vhZHoYWtI42UyUbd4PM4iFgzykhldiisgkcrtuUXSd2MKEf156PT\/XqfiOsjqHhtqG+BrVJx6ABnXOwwZt2AQjFgJ3lMGJGA5kZpS6z0IiDC89H58r4EE9umIuo0HSpH6h7dIfzQyiwhrEUsBCTye9Q3zqOU3pZB+Va+f\/eT7rZBs1gFSF0zUwB52pGN9q+lZD7EItxGxOPDYqaeA9+nf45NHCBb6cWlAV3UL+\/ULcx4P339g0bZC3DrYCu\/BIkCECeRkPH0CNSRTGIbxQRoIToE83h0FlgpYPiYkH3yyQtxitlormj1ixS\/oFSaJp4H8\/v6eei7kEz5cvn\/zSxMixYSOBvHzIsFfo97SewujuS0S2QOSqpkx73T6bWbSltSYADiSjuRz01OI2TTWO+eR++R72ZglbEWUaO6IlQOJVSqXQYo3Mek\/4BkKNI\/IRrx2JaX+wpkk2w89\/SnMZgYSFIAwyCEfJnxgFV5Ums\/cqHmYXWoy8RcdTLkKW0GlNUpY4BE8VVIPNRDgcMIR3zKToTxK02k41alPTIBZMsnkely4zrKSd9msOT3vhyggYRogBwBRil2yRROPhVbEGA4OQHHnXZdZ08WstRqfGUj8t9\/lg71hCHUucoDvnTIeMZZXCkiSMv1mvHaJqd3VygqnPnWWjWYTcxZZenYqH+wNNQ5u4sjKXUVhOhDBeRSmXlLAgl6Zv86aPuDUMr3OAzsWCfLB3jRUFAwsuT9MIGmS1s3v957iVNP7XACWApTjXFYpHAQ0kUg0r0NkFkmTnR7KSlX2OBXqXs1DU5BvZQporqo62JiNgVQ4K1GZJ9cXX8qQz5LXuRpRxlHlu7rwlcLVJb+ov9tZ+cb52CKLKzgyfzAEgiyYl9Q8JiOMpS2VYVwZ4YP6QVLZFaAc5rTIxETCSyWKiE6n7Wm7vfcXvE51I5r4jyeBHuyNzVhVHC7pDUR+e3Adgl4RpldsO6V0Vpbg0y3CIiBxnyhJBtdqFRK7fnRepMwR1xQVXQ755JV6Xt1BFpeNcSOvQE6xR0TYm0viksVpmCXa9evBTJQBZZ+PLZ4a42U7ECOvNALplfRUtvc+xddxliwyKQfbI6HXJeEkOq6viPOdIZAtPN5cdHc7JP+wAUjvp6S2Sp5VLDGpEBllkrttGlLYT\/YiHMmA1b1C4AK5oAokqsYkqLLyFv+Mh3Q7ZOhfL6lEWQVmJ6FUXzR66GPazkBDKlFAYHUvLPAN9epr+a6lnGBVICxV6uWQMc9GrIuz8GWBSfWc2MG5HVLH73Y7jUz5P+NfuMPVFcABz4OMuGRTWvzC62KSCUQ3VR+H8HhcuI5ECKPFnh0mh+vUsBUrKjji97v91XC2owMZ1L8KCDokzatMACNghZixSp7V1bWFkJXi1cMhIxNolIfGUFdfU\/eIH2HT09QCGBoISl7NJZPig4g6hT+cCWdAQgASJmV5igyvGUXTQDz2aXzWs8qKJuHIf5kMqklynrh2+yB7JEyYZ\/Tykb3DFJNoVOYyQp7mAUhwfsL7bONRUBK9oacChHlpnk7CmhRT65DIAo7cKNLm56n9+OPxeBW4Qwb\/\/lHllijOYINhTr8D2WzhBv+xbQ2lDli8Mgai50NYWD+4aPbUp49T8KYBI4HR+jQ9w+MGkmyxHA8m7wRN1Ti2DGVwIR30Dja6QQAnmZSiIYsoq0d8GBNUdcPvjUCERRzy3nX6PJ2tbaiCzfo\/+\/3zud\/\/NOwU7zdVxbK9aRbFm39b4okxQIbz4G3TxSyvZ6ZHrrJfJBcE83q99hLOT92W2Napqrz17FFpXoAkTIfUzOZ+vlYcnbe81IYZBaZVJDkaMIwkA1heL7AN6mcf\/5Q2a1Z9zGsXD5eEK4g\/t34GqWkU44nPWoEUp0u4vWhVATITEvOkBWWZp2YjP8oA4bb\/rNmhPoCNzqLSa6k5FCDWg7vdJwbkp3DXTlMao+pm9PoktTSsATKMR8y7N4SXumDb89fMUmeRmKbJoCAfuPYmJjifYW+aqc9pDWMm8o1Oh1fjEGZhVrPHWjxW6RNvF1rhpU7r2Vwy1+Tal6W9hLQKoOBWgJUfrRGPXg3WMifIKmSEZXvUArnfz1\/L6oAR7Vv7JqsDTO\/U64kg95pV7c\/G2VUQnvygxbLLUDuldGRC77kUr25EaNXjCfKDrqAWKFinwUDtzPT1zD323NffWdPRKJ9qIihVEuUDVVoli11hPA\/guA99L6XrMxr0kTPnRWSHwV20ecA\/uiZAC70qYWy8ns166esJv1KVIy3XwCeLun0+qxl+OH85q8w+2kEqxD2zuk2FuYKd7AGzQ70bXGFwFc\/K+PqHdDC0gbMrDS9hOsqf+q+yRoVA23wKjwwfyg+gOEkO+Dd9\/ceUhbzSKaQXE1vWNq9XI7OJyu6neOfY+lLwUPAkVNB\/kMGw4s602EbdPvouHNN1+SlevfW5E32\/+jdpfZFIJBKJRCKRSCQSiUQikUgk0tz6H3r\/4mrgrizYAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"Aero L-39 Albatros side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the L-39 Albatros<\/b><span>The world\u2019s most-flown jet trainer \u2014 aerobatics included<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/f104-starfighter-flight\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"Lockheed F-104 Starfighter side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the F-104 Starfighter<\/b><span>\u201cThe missile with a man in it\u201d<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/mig-21-launch\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the MiG-21<\/b><span>The Cold War\u2019s most-produced jet<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/t-33-in-canada\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"Lockheed T-33 Shooting Star side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the T-33 Shooting Star<\/b><span>America\u2019s first jet trainer<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/vampire-flight-near-london\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"de Havilland Vampire side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the DH Vampire<\/b><span>A piece of early jet history<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/s-211-jet-flight-munich\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAUAAAAByCAMAAAAVi\/iKAAAAVFBMVEVHcEy2zd\/A0t4XK1IpMUh+kKexzODG0tvDytC7zt2Up8HI1N0BF0Nbwf+dsMisvdH7rj7U3+kAD0IPNHziwI\/MizhgUEKVbD1Oeq52y\/jSSUO1n5Bl4sd4AAAAC3RSTlMAmsmL+CRx\/f5B6alY3JkAAAtsSURBVHja7ZyJduI6DIYHmiCDQ4xZw\/D+73kt73Ycxwl02nuOxUxPF8ry8WuxJPrnT7Vq1apVq1atWrVq1T5qbdvuv76+mk5Y89VWIEvYfSG55nE6NedOW1MRlttX152FNafTwwLsuq8KZgFAtLOQYNdVgitcWAMUEryfK8EV1lgJ3nwJ1ji40Ie7SILnrhJcBjCWYNXgsiA4kqAIixXOkiDYdbEEayJZ6MP3SIKV4DKA3fkWS7ASXBQEExKsBEsANhkJ1lS8yIfvfktBWyVYDrDrbkFLoWpwYRBMSvBcCZZXgkkJ1kSyxIdTUbASXAAwKcFKsDgIKgmOANZUXB4Eu1NKgpVgsQ9jV6s5K6upeA1AHC9dGnG5NLW3tSYIHigBbUGHuiaSouNw1w2MEKbscq6peEUhI4fsl0vowpVgOUA14QyTSCW4IAgmevu1mFkEcDRkr52ZZT6caqzWcnARwPuUBLtaDhYFwUkJ1kRSUglO9PYrwXIfxq7WlAQrwRKAOQnWRFIQBCcaq3VvqzQIZiVYNVgSBFGCU1GwloMlAO\/h0nRNJEuDYDMdBWt3sAQgRsHu\/Cs02O6F7Zzhl78wiDRxoMtKsPn6bmS73WazPU7bE8h2gzTb9ncGQTVempTgNyUSA+75PM7Yk1IqPuIVNwiy\/W0+jBPO+zTAD5eDQnO7rTAClHBOjwUmCIL9XPwXevxRiO1ooP6YPs99TIPSWTeEAlDKhQkovfjqqS0LUPzO6AqbH5TiyIebrATfjIOt4CZ8lXCFTZicBFKgjFHaD8qKJeh99\/hTSvzqlknw3A27leSkryp0yAzl5wwlyC4dzrW6y\/DMSZBSlvzBcfsTDNtukQTPTc\/pZr8oyglnRVraV0fotAkJ8uGibJjLI5OAt7v9jwfBnATPd8YBBMLZ13rkrHpuLz6h8kNoIougD2uAl3wUTDqxFxDbn\/Xh6d6+cF+qnj3nW5H+sLRtRwVZqzOrcVYIFJcSn\/VhuLwtQRUP9z8aBBO9fbV3JNxXsRBIHBxpQm0bPC9swWZW6awGWQFCTCNFPnzE13CuYvx3aTkBsJFdrbNnTXO53wfCnZaiQMaNeamVanfNyC6UIHBW4sMyEcNcvXj8Z57c+KS83j4iG4bX4dD3PWOEoqgiGXlfW\/OlVk4vluDscQTmDy3H3T9IIcKEuvCfvCAywYug4RPn6sI1ojDsU50RQKOClKcW46OU9GAIdrlC5jg88R4jWilPJ9+lwlZWFyJNHqS+UGG+SVbcExJMScllVKAJhIsUKIppQZCTg3gRc0EQATO89uC+kSy+MRizjyJURRlSU27Z4yVhzCIlDKUIycpN5QgrPsMroAdLFCicuJehgouaRtwrSx7qpEQHLuQ1XNw3ujFyJdP3HblVcttorUk+SWzmpwzPqEDEc5AM8cpWm8q3U0BB5RUYefEihkTdGd6Hia14Nn7GAFGCvFehcirvgK123ilq9ggOMcwZCx53yAYQm+bJpHLVf\/krzDClnzG56dkz84AcxqfzYClB4MrTJ2pHmWlMbb1\/A6CRHsths09f125pszWKFCJhhim+PsyTqfJ8QiCVmwtM5iwPJCH6wTH2NLxESYp19+AARhJk1D8zb96OfSryHQJuBhakStxk1Es5pGGkZUqcTvsQrIVrAFtj7heJjhTGhdXqsadHYCLLCHLiftGJBwuwG2IBBueV\/Udyb7sj5WoAHy1ksurULVquRHk60unLTEFzLqz1KDniSZIw+YCQ5CUpwXGl85nz3b44po9O\/FMpAeazhQbA8ukrAOikZ9VobwZ\/LgOEOL1IOSYIuhRyHD7jx0sBBkxCBUKBayusMlL2K4xZZEp4BAJhW78mgCAZtmKDPOJSyKDLREnz\/apwD3x8qJihZw8dE\/T8QhBsbS3\/9WuNhcUN0jKpxN2zi4+oUiyBbLK2ArTtiUH3C98luJPNKF4G0cPlNfISagvOI66Ehk8AVDeslJgIwjLKqkLAVlQyg0gBPg3Azgr0bYQtNtdlty4HEUJ6QD2hpSCD7+fme+wjAnSKCxjGERr8ugc5Hv0y2whRsCWf6Fpjv3hr208pyUUUSxToubqSzDp4QcAbH1UYSSOMHbv3Pdj48YGgB8KHutZytghp+fn1rwtzo9wMgQINvLXS8zLudGnA0vqMCyjB8fk8+uxEatd9JdlR\/1TXer87na7KZMGWOIq43nJagn7jAB\/4KnjE9XwgS1BEVuOl09fxQIJ5UdRIy3bUP+PKGBNPsV19osm+QVDaOG8CtsJvTZFS3vtSFTV+WHJEDCK+njxsP1Fdt6gaciUa2uk0CRRxEj0IT9TKeXav1+vx9+8h67OlNT6zNWJpETGBVCTS94fJLQ+cVVcGr8fjfn88HjdpMVHP5VGiWbc9KHTaPHarGzjEKI9kJAhhnoGJY7xwbNi+N4Ha06QIOBsuek7SdE3T3CVPRfQUEr3mpffXN93JeK\/jxawUYSbljNq8Kb\/mmJbfcuHU0Q2760M41rRDp6axRCXPmTatx+9F3LjuDQXSWQVCkO0grUDP79j6tLwfteLtvfJhYkHhjFNPf7daDvAG1bwNQB4swdvtNZXkYSb3rlMgRJrIxUTGhAxXpuU2blrZeyK87wpNq7O5DIhyOOhDAbYFRQiMgujVxdBVnex1CsxWRz3RaXkFw5YnOivKh2lu0S1HUv0BEPwnfN33+EciI50Cnnp\/ZokCYULDMKr0pzSob1Gl5c3ClNKavnDUe+e0v5yTfwWghKMDaiKo7\/R+BB0hvV6LFdgTSHbVIFTgjADVdqIJh0JPy3TYRo\/eethLPMm7VE+YSAQKdVnHNrwtl+Ndkn\/xUgW+gpIK0jEQoiWAFEASltsl+2fOtgoaOpNvN\/fxZk0+yfs9RBso72y2albwNPLs8wQ9gLdkOHDzLH8HxbBMruXESJecljfcb1YRLKPFQzA6vEquqQOKQ23RPhzamO85UnCO51AGEOhgqqpkRJAPn15pFJ0AgEIwiSQsfUrZl6ZhPtNe5XI\/BlSP3mOr8E7BvRnpKrR48fjGVE1gkN\/NS9A93+E8Ml2mmpDw0EjtAyaqrcApD9aaRsNXbDhAoRvvt3iDyfSnD0RRnuPh2U\/VPIqtd6jW5+rrtGonw8K9NAbejY1E74eRxtQBSqYicr7QTBkFjPCQqH7qvPh80qpl3PRyBk3sXgXbMTTGOhqpCLt62k2F3BDvNVfJWIDsNRtZXHRxLxPyvntO\/7q9Xld2jacu4hFsFnb63R6b1zgHiPu\/EI6aZgd9qfpMhgW35hBHhWuRAhm7vm39i0k5vq6vK4n7nAsHobjdTMEMSyAaeISnvAgf5EaicRcbKMRNMd+FZs8msmpD9D1R4Sz2vuRKyuQPOZMTovHVFrhwsE2z3VJ\/bAfj0RGEbg0jHcLox4llh3CrJN6Hy2DsdUNV8AtvBtIHjtzcH59mT2jqCCR+Y22ba7fZEO77MySoTH06XmEdz\/VGyCE4dGWDAvE3yYJhaugSQJNHVH81Xi\/19P4OlO8W70xAWzlwAqPFkEPswTDLK5zrRXzDkRVkmytMzpR4KCwI5wtuKJY067pc7cYTEmzIG8T0A2Ondm9GyFFqibYVfKJhehkRDc5UQEenrNxeK5FDTV\/D02a2u8emf4tsjR3sZxv33u4Pvru7xREyhG9hgOCAmVKgRxSynIOthngHzBON2k4CGr+5IgmJU4PEt526GD6JNwl967vJdxswb3njNHr1wxg4VuBo9J7jHr5nQolGLiWQ2DU1n50vHG1t+0\/5LHzT5ZYAuBc7fM+SB1Wf3u3ZMxOWRv5n3I1oHRndCOH8af\/\/f4BFCHKzUy+\/e1\/cx4wa39v9yr8z8R1v1tnHtotsn7Hxtdr6N36qVatWrVq1atWqVfs\/2399QYxaolWAJAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\" alt=\"SIAI-Marchetti S.211 side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the S.211<\/b><span>Agile Italian jet trainer<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/l-39-mb-326-jet-provost-in-italy\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"Aermacchi MB-326 side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the MB-326<\/b><span>The classic Aermacchi jet<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/mig-15-fagot-czech-republic\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  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\" alt=\"Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the MiG-15<\/b><span>The Soviet legend of the Korean War<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<p><a class=\"btn\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/\">See all MiGFlug flights<\/a><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<div class=\"kicker\">Related Aircraft<\/div>\n<h2>More British aircraft of the Great War<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/airco-dh-4\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The one it replaced<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Airco DH.4<\/span><span class=\"rp\">The superb Rolls-Royce-engined day bomber the DH.9 was meant to succeed \u2014 and ended up inferior to.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Open the exhibit<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/handley-page-o-400\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Bomber partner<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Handley Page O\/400<\/span><span class=\"rp\">The RAF\u2019s twin-engined heavy night bomber \u2014 the Independent Force\u2019s big brother to the DH.9 day bomber.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Open the exhibit<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/se-5a\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The fighter<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Royal Aircraft Factory SE.5a<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Britain\u2019s fast, steady fighting scout of 1917\u201318 \u2014 the kind of aircraft the DH.9\u2019s crews wished could escort them.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Open the exhibit<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp;amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Sources &amp;amp; further reading on the Airco DH.9<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iwm.org.uk\/collections\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Imperial War Museums<\/a><span>The DH.9 D5649 at Duxford, recovered from India, and wider WWI air-war context.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rafmuseum.org.uk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Royal Air Force Museum<\/a><span>The DH.9A \u201cNinak\u201d in the collection and the RAF\u2019s 1920s colonial \u201cair control.\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.historicaircraftcollection.co.uk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Historic Aircraft Collection<\/a><span>Restoration of the world\u2019s only airworthy DH.9 from India-recovered airframes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/vintageaviationnews.com\/warbirds-news\/historic-airco-dh-9-g%e2%80%91cdli-the-only-airworthy-world-war-i-bomber-for-sale.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vintage Aviation News<\/a><span>The airworthy DH.9 G-CDLI, its Indian provenance and restoration history.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/grubstreet.co.uk\/product\/dh9-from-ruin-to-restoration\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Grub Street \u2014 \u201cDH9: From Ruin to Restoration\u201d<\/a><span>Book-length account of the India recovery and rebuild of the surviving DH.9s.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/airandspace.si.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum<\/a><span>WWI bombing and the development of British day bombers for institutional context.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aviastar.org\/air\/england\/dh_9.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Aviastar<\/a><span>Specifications, variants and production history of the DH.9 and DH.9A.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<div id=\"dh4-lb-data\" 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el=document.getElementById(\"dh4-lb-data\");if(!el)return;var js=decodeURIComponent(escape(atob(el.getAttribute(\"data-js\"))));var sc=document.createElement(\"script\");sc.text=js;document.body.appendChild(sc);})();<\/script><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Military Aircraft Encyclopedia \u203a Day bomber \u203a Airco DH.9 Airco DH.9the bomber that went backwards Britain\u2019s 1918 day bomber was meant to improve on the superb DH.4 \u2014 but a de-rated, unreliable engine left it slower, lower-flying and terribly vulnerable, and its crews paid for it over Germany. 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