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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero photo\">\n<div class=\"heroimg ph1\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; Botswana<\/div>\n<h1>Air Arm Command (Botswana)<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">Air Arm Command<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">Botswana&rsquo;s Air Arm Command was formed in April 1977, when cross-border raids forced a country that had chosen to have no army to build one; it went from nine second-hand Strikemasters to 18 ex-Canadian CF-5s, built its own air base in the bush near Molepolole, and in 2026 is still flying those 1970s fighters while it talks about a successor and lives on donated American Hercules.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>0<\/b><span>Combat aircraft<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>3<\/b><span>Active air bases<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1977<\/b><span>Founded<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>8<\/b><span>Types retired<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"photocred\">Photo: Bob Adams from George, South Africa \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0)<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Country<\/b>Botswana<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Founded<\/b>1977<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Status<\/b>Active<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Headquarters<\/b>Gaborone<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Commander<\/b>Hendrick Thuthu Rakgantswana<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>The Air Arm Command story: a country without an army, ex-Canadian CF-5s and an air base built in the bush<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1966&ndash;1977: a country without an army, and the raids that changed its mind<\/h3>\n<p>When Botswana became independent in 1966 it chose not to have a standing army. That decision did not survive the wars around it. In the mid-1970s Rhodesian and South African forces crossed the border in pursuit of guerrillas operating from Botswanan territory, and on 15 April 1977 Parliament passed the act that created the Botswana Defence Force. An air wing was formed with it in April 1977. Its first combat aircraft were second-hand: Wikipedia&rsquo;s history of the BAC Strikemaster records nine refurbished jets, Mk 83s from Kuwait and Mk 87s from Kenya, two of which were later sold on to Ivory Coast. Light transports and utility types followed &mdash; Islanders and Defenders, Skyvans, Bulldog trainers and O-2 observation aircraft all appear in its list of retired types, though the dates of most are not documented in sources that could be checked.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1977&ndash;1996: nine Strikemasters and a war next door<\/h3>\n<p>The air wing was too small to matter in the wars that shaped it, and it did not fight them. South Africa&rsquo;s raids on ANC targets in Botswana were carried out by commandos on the ground: on 14 June 1985 a raid on Gaborone killed people at the Medu Art Ensemble, and on 21 June 1985 the UN Security Council unanimously condemned it in Resolution 568 as a gross violation of Botswana&rsquo;s sovereignty and demanded compensation. South Africa said it was attacking ANC targets. Later South African raids are referred to in general terms, but no source that could be checked gave their dates or casualties, so they are not detailed here. The air wing&rsquo;s first real test abroad came later and on the ground: 380 BDF soldiers joined the SADC intervention in Lesotho, Operation Boleas, in 1998&ndash;1999, with no recorded air role.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1996&ndash;2000: CF-5s from Canada and a base of its own<\/h3>\n<p>The air arm&rsquo;s modern shape dates from the 1990s. Foreign contractors built a main base in the bush near Molepolole, west of Gaborone, between 1992 and 1996 &mdash; today&rsquo;s Thebephatshwa air base, also called Maparangwane. In 1996 Botswana began replacing the Strikemasters with ex-Canadian Canadair CF-116s, locally called BF-5s: ten single-seat CF-116As and three two-seat CF-116Bs, with three more single-seaters and two two-seaters following in 2000 from Canadian surplus stocks &mdash; 18 aircraft in all, flown by Z28 Squadron. The squadron numbering is local: every unit is &quot;Z&quot;, for squadron. In 1997 three C-130B Hercules came from the North Carolina Air National Guard through the US State Partnership Programme; they became, in defenceWeb&rsquo;s words, the backbone of the BDF&rsquo;s air operations for a quarter of a century.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">2008&ndash;2018: crashes, an ageing fleet and the replacement question<\/h3>\n<p>The cost of running an old fleet showed in the accident record. In July 2018 the defence minister, Shaw Kgathi, told Parliament that the air wing had lost nine aircraft and six people in the previous ten years, six of the crashes caused by pilot error. Two PC-7 Mk IIs collided over Letlhakeng on 20 October 2011, killing two of the four crew; a CASA C-212 crashed soon after take-off from Thebephatshwa on 9 February 2017, killing all three on board; and on 27 April 2018 a BF-5 crashed at the Gaborone golf club during rehearsals, killing the pilot. The replacement question was already open: in 2013 the then air arm chief, Major General Odirile Mashinyana, reported that the CF-5s needed replacing but advised upgrading them while money was saved for a well-chosen successor.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">2021&ndash;2026: Mozambique, Hercules from America and the fighter that never comes<\/h3>\n<p>That successor has not arrived. Wikipedia lists the KAI T-50, used F-16s, the Saab Gripen and India&rsquo;s Tejas as types considered since 2013, and says that by January 2025 the Tejas was no longer in the running; no order has been confirmed. Meanwhile the air arm has been busy in other ways. It flew Botswana&rsquo;s contingent, 296 soldiers in July 2021, into the SADC mission in Mozambique and supported it until the BDF left in April 2024. Its transport fleet nearly collapsed &mdash; the last flying C-130B was grounded &mdash; and the United States rebuilt it: a C-130H, OM4, worth 30 million dollars, was handed over on 27 June 2024, two more were notified to Congress in August 2025, and Botswana accepted another in July 2026. The air arm chief&rsquo;s words at the 2024 handover sum up the decade: with one aircraft, if a little screw falls off, he is down to zero.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"pull\">The air wing was too small to matter in the wars that shaped it, and it did not fight them.<cite>Air Arm Command (Botswana) &middot; verified 2026-10-01<\/cite><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>The Air Arm Command (Botswana) in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Service<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Name<\/dt>\n<dd>Air Arm Command<span class=\"gnote\">English is the official language of the Botswana Defence Force. Older sources say Botswana Defence Force Air Wing or Air Arm; no official Setswana name was found<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Founded<\/dt>\n<dd>April 1977<span class=\"gnote\">Formed with the Botswana Defence Force, which was created by an act of Parliament on 15 April 1977<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Part of<\/dt>\n<dd>Botswana Defence Force<span class=\"gnote\">One of the BDF&rsquo;s three commands<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Chief of Air Arm Command<\/dt>\n<dd>Maj. Gen. Hendrick Thuthu Rakgantswana<span class=\"gnote\">As quoted by defenceWeb in June 2024; current tenure not confirmed<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>BDF Commander<\/dt>\n<dd>Gen. Mpho Churchill Mophuting<span class=\"gnote\">As listed by Wikipedia<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Headquarters<\/dt>\n<dd>Gaborone<span class=\"gnote\">The main flying base is Thebephatshwa, near Molepolole<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Strength<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Personnel<\/dt>\n<dd>About 500<span class=\"gnote\">Wikipedia&rsquo;s infobox estimate<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Combat aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Canadair CF-5A\/D (BF-5) &mdash; 15 (11 A, 4 D in 2021; 10 A, 5 D in another count)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">18 delivered in 1996 and 2000 (13 A, 5 D); defenceWeb reported a fleet of 15 at the time of the April 2018 crash<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Transport<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>C-130H Hercules &mdash; 1, with more donated<\/li>\n<li>CASA C-212 &mdash; 3<\/li>\n<li>CN235 &mdash; 2<\/li>\n<li>Dornier 328 &mdash; 1<\/li>\n<li>BN-2 Defender &mdash; 2 or 10<\/li>\n<li>Beech Super King Air 200 &mdash; 1<\/li>\n<li>Bombardier Global 5000 (VIP) &mdash; 1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">The Defender count differs: Wikipedia lists two, defenceWeb (July 2026) ten<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Helicopters<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Bell 412 &mdash; 6<\/li>\n<li>AS350 &mdash; 10<\/li>\n<li>AW189 &mdash; 1 on order<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Wikipedia&rsquo;s inventory, sourced to the IISS and others<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Trainers<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Pilatus PC-7 Mk II &mdash; 5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Infrastructure<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Air bases<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Thebephatshwa (Maparangwane), near Molepolole &mdash; main base, built 1992&ndash;1996<\/li>\n<li>Sir Seretse Khama International Airport, Gaborone<\/li>\n<li>Francistown Airport &mdash; joint civil and military since 2011<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">As listed by Wikipedia<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Squadrons<\/dt>\n<dd>Z1, Z3, Z7, Z10, Z12, Z21, Z23, Z28 and a VIP flight<span class=\"gnote\">Z stands for squadron; Z28 flies the BF-5<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses 2008&ndash;2018<\/dt>\n<dd>Nine aircraft, six people killed<span class=\"gnote\">Defence minister Shaw Kgathi to Parliament, July 2018<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"structure\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Structure<\/div>\n<h2>How the Air Arm Command (Botswana) is organised<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">One of the three commands of the Botswana Defence Force, headquartered in Gaborone, with eight numbered &ldquo;Z&rdquo; squadrons and a VIP Flight. <span class=\"imp\">Six of the squadrons fly from one base, Thebephatshwa near Molepolole, among them Z28 with about 15 Canadair CF-5s from the 1990s, Botswana&rsquo;s only fighters, for which no successor has been ordered.<\/span> The transport fleet now rests on C-130Hs donated by the United States since 2024.<\/p>\n<div class=\"org\">\n<div class=\"cmdcard\"><span class=\"cface mono\">HT<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"cmdtx\"><span class=\"crank\">Major General<\/span><b>Hendrick Thuthu Rakgantswana<\/b><span class=\"cmeta\">Chief of Air Arm Command<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"cmdorg\"><span>Air Arm Command<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgrow\">\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Headquarters<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Air Arm Command<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Gaborone<\/div>\n<p>One of the three commands of the Botswana Defence Force, formed with it in April 1977 and headquartered in Gaborone, about 500 strong by Wikipedia&rsquo;s estimate. defenceWeb quoted Maj Gen Hendrick Thuthu Rakgantswana as Chief of Air Arm Command in June 2024; his appointment date and whether he still holds the post were not confirmed. The BDF is commanded by Gen Mpho Churchill Mophuting.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Front line<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Z28 Squadron<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Thebephatshwa<\/div>\n<p>Botswana&rsquo;s only fighters: Canadair CF-5s from Canadian surplus stocks, called BF-5s locally, 18 of them delivered in 1996 and 2000 and about 15 in use. One crashed in Gaborone on 27 April 2018, killing the pilot. A successor has been discussed since 2013 and no order is confirmed; by January 2025, according to Wikipedia, India&rsquo;s Tejas was out of the running.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Transport<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Z10 Squadron<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Thebephatshwa<\/div>\n<p>The C-130, C-212 and CN235 squadron. With its last C-130B grounded it was down to one Hercules until the United States handed over C-130H OM4 on 27 June 2024; two more were notified to Congress in August 2025 and Botswana accepted another in July 2026, and how many had arrived by October 2026 was not confirmed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Training<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Z7 Squadron<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Thebephatshwa<\/div>\n<p>Five Pilatus PC-7 Mk II basic trainers and the Super King Air 200, according to Wikipedia. Two of its PC-7s collided over Letlhakeng on 20 October 2011, killing two of the four crew.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Helicopters<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Z21 and Z23 Squadrons<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Thebephatshwa<\/div>\n<p>Z21 Squadron flies six Bell 412s and Z23 Squadron ten AS350 &#201;cureuils, used among other tasks for search and rescue and anti-poaching; an AS350B was lost on an anti-poaching mission in December 2020. One AW189 is listed as on order by Wikipedia.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Liaison and VIP<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Z1, Z3 and Z12 Squadrons and the VIP Flight<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Thebephatshwa, Francistown and Gaborone<\/div>\n<p>Wikipedia lists Z1 as a transport squadron at Thebephatshwa and Z3 (liaison) and Z12 (transport) at Francistown, without saying which aircraft they fly. The VIP Flight, with a Bombardier Global 5000, is at Gaborone&rsquo;s international airport.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"fleet\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">In service<\/div>\n<h2>What the Air Arm Command (Botswana) flies today<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every type on charge, linked to its Book of Beasts page where one exists. <span class=\"imp\">Counts are aircraft on the books, not aircraft available on a given day.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-role\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-yr\">\n<col class=\"c-units\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">In service<\/th>\n<th>Since<\/th>\n<th>Units<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/northrop-f-5\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph2\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/northrop-f-5\/\">Canadair CF-5A and CF-5D (CF-116, local BF-5)<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf1\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Canada\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fighter and lead-in trainer<\/td>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>1996<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Wikipedia&rsquo;s CF-5 article gives 11 CF-5A and 4 CF-5D in use in 2021; its Air Arm Command article lists 10 CF-5A and 5 CF-5D. 18 were delivered (13 A, 5 D).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/c-130-hercules\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph3\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/c-130-hercules\/\">Lockheed C-130H Hercules<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Tactical transport<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>2024<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>OM4 delivered in 2024; two more C-130Hs (12 million dollars each) were notified to Congress on 5 August 2025, and Botswana accepted another in July 2026. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>How many had arrived by October 2026 was not confirmed.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph4\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>CASA C-212 Aviocar<span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light transport<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Three (Wikipedia and defenceWeb).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph5\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>CASA\/IPTN CN235<span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Transport<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Two.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph6\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Dornier 328<span class=\"nflag nf3\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Germany\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Transport<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>One.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph7\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Britten-Norman BN-2 Defender<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility and liaison<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Contested: Wikipedia lists two; defenceWeb (July 2026) lists ten.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph8\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Beechcraft Super King Air 200<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Transport and liaison<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>One.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph9\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bombardier Global 5000<span class=\"nflag nf1\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Canada\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>VIP transport<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>One.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bell 412EP\/SP<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility, search and rescue, anti-poaching<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Six.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph10\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Eurocopter AS350 &#201;cureuil<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Ten (Wikipedia).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/pc-7-turbo-trainer\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph11\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/pc-7-turbo-trainer\/\">Pilatus PC-7 Mk II<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf2\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Switzerland\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Basic trainer<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Five.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"fleetchart\">\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">CF-5<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:100%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">15<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">AS350<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:67%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">10<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Bell 412<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:40%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">6<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">PC-7 Mk II<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:33%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">5<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">C-212<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:20%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">3<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">CN235<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:13%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">2<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Defender<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:13%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">2<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">C-130H<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:7%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">1<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>On order<\/h3>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet ord\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-fd\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Ordered<\/th>\n<th>First delivery<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Leonardo AW189<span class=\"nflag nf10\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Italy\"><\/span><span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Listed as one on order by Wikipedia; no contract date or delivery was found.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/c-130-hercules\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/c-130-hercules\/\">Lockheed C-130H Hercules (US donations)<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Two C-130Hs worth 12 million dollars each were notified to Congress on 5 August 2025 and Botswana accepted a further donation in July 2026; whether these overlap, and how many have arrived, was not confirmed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"former\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Formerly operated<\/div>\n<h2>Every type the Air Arm Command (Botswana) has retired<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">8 types, from the Lockheed C-130B Hercules to the Lockheed C-130B Hercules. <span class=\"imp\">Peak figures are airframes taken on charge over the whole service life, not fleet strength on any one date.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet former\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-role\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-srv\">\n<col class=\"c-rep\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Peak<\/th>\n<th>Served<\/th>\n<th>Replaced by<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/c-130-hercules\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph12\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/c-130-hercules\/\" class=\"was\">Lockheed C-130B Hercules<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Tactical transport<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>1997&ndash;2024<\/td>\n<td>C-130H<\/td>\n<td>Three ex-North Carolina Air National Guard; one (OM1) was stored and two (OM2, OM3) flew.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bac-strikemaster\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph13\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bac-strikemaster\/\" class=\"was\">BAC Strikemaster Mk 83 and Mk 87<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light attack and trainer<\/td>\n<td>9<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>CF-5<\/td>\n<td>Nine second-hand: Mk 83s from Kuwait and Mk 87s from Kenya; two were later sold to Ivory Coast.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/o-2-skymaster\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/o-2-skymaster\/\" class=\"was\">Cessna O-2 Skymaster<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Observation and liaison<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Number not found.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph14\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Britten-Norman BN-2 Islander<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility transport<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Number not found.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph15\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Short Skyvan<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light transport<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Number not found.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Scottish Aviation Bulldog<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Basic trainer<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Number not found.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Cessna 150<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Trainer<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Number not found.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph16\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Gulfstream IV<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>VIP transport<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Global 5000<\/td>\n<td>One.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"bases\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Air bases<\/div>\n<h2>Where the Air Arm Command flies from<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Black pins are active bases; none of the airfields listed has closed. <span class=\"imp\">Botswana has one full air base, Thebephatshwa near Molepolole, built by mostly foreign contractors between 1992 and 1996 with aircraft shelters and ordnance storage; the other two are shared with civil airports.<\/span> The VIP Flight is at Sir Seretse Khama International Airport in Gaborone, and the BDF has used the old terminal at Francistown since 2011. Entries with no published aerodrome data carry no pin.<\/p>\n<div class=\"mapframe\">\n<div id=\"oobmap\" class=\"oobmap\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"legend\"><span><i class=\"dot\"><\/i> Active air base<\/span><span><i class=\"dot was\"><\/i> Closed or reserve<\/span><span>Click a pin to open the base page<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"basefind\" data-filter=\"#basetbl\" data-item=\"tbody tr\" data-noun=\"air bases\" placeholder=\"Search bases, district, units, aircrafts\" aria-label=\"Search bases, district, units, aircrafts\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"basefind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"basefind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"basetbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Base<\/th>\n<th>ICAO<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Runway<\/th>\n<th>Units and aircraft<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr id=\"base-francistown\" data-base=\"francistown\" data-x=\"active active Air Arm Command, Botswana Defence Force FRW\">\n<td>Francistown<small>Phillip Gaonwe Matante International Airport<\/small><span>North-East District, Francistown<\/span><\/td>\n<td>FBPM<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Z3 Squadron<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Z12 Squadron<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-sir-seretse-khama\" data-base=\"sir-seretse-khama\" data-x=\"active active Air Arm Command, Botswana Defence Force (VIP Flight); airport run by the Civil Aviation Authority of Botswana GBE\">\n<td>Sir Seretse Khama International Airport<small>VIP Flight<\/small><span>South-East District, Gaborone<\/span><\/td>\n<td>FBSK<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>08\/26<\/span>4,000 m<span>concrete<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>VIP Flight<\/span>: <span>Bombardier Global 5000 and other VIP aircraft<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-thebephatshwa\" data-base=\"thebephatshwa\" data-x=\"active active Air Arm Command, Botswana Defence Force \">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/thebephatshwa\/\">Thebephatshwa<\/a><span>Kweneng District, near Molepolole<\/span><\/td>\n<td>FBTP<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>08\/26<\/span>3,002 m<span>asphalt and concrete<\/span><\/span><span><span>08L\/26R<\/span>2,007 m<span>asphalt and concrete<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Z28 Squadron<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/northrop-f-5\/\">Canadair CF-5A\/D (BF-5)<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Z10 Squadron<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/c-130-hercules\/\">C-130 Hercules<\/a>, CASA C-212 Aviocar, CASA\/IPTN CN235<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Z7 Squadron<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/pc-7-turbo-trainer\/\">Pilatus PC-7 Mk II<\/a>, Beechcraft Super King Air 200<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Z21 Squadron<\/span>: <span>Bell 412<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Z23 Squadron<\/span>: <span>Eurocopter AS350 &#201;cureuil<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Z1 Squadron<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"basefind\">No air base matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"oob\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Order of battle<\/div>\n<h2>Who is stationed where in the Air Arm Command (Botswana)<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Flying units by base, current units first. <span class=\"imp\">Every Botswana squadron carries a &ldquo;Z&rdquo;, for squadron, before its number: Z28 flies the BF-5 fighters, Z10 the Hercules transports and Z21 and Z23 the helicopters.<\/span> The squadron list is Wikipedia&rsquo;s, because the BDF does not publish its order of battle, and Wikipedia does not say which aircraft Z1, Z3 and Z12 fly.<\/p>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"unitfind\" data-filter=\"#oobwrap\" data-item=\".oob\" data-noun=\"installations\" placeholder=\"Search squadrons, wings, aircraft, bases\" aria-label=\"Search squadrons, wings, aircraft, bases\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"unitfind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"unitfind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"oobwrap\" id=\"oobwrap\">\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Kweneng District, near Molepolole active Air Arm Command, Botswana Defence Force\">\n<div><span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/thebephatshwa\/\">Thebephatshwa Air Base<\/a> &middot; FBTP<\/span><em>Air Arm Command, Botswana Defence Force<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Z28 Squadron<small>Fighter squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/northrop-f-5\/\">Canadair CF-5A\/D (BF-5)<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Z10 Squadron<small>Transport squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/c-130-hercules\/\">C-130 Hercules<\/a>, CASA C-212 Aviocar, CASA\/IPTN CN235<\/dd>\n<dt>Z7 Squadron<small>Training squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/pc-7-turbo-trainer\/\">Pilatus PC-7 Mk II<\/a>, Beechcraft Super King Air 200<\/dd>\n<dt>Z21 Squadron<small>Helicopter squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Bell 412<\/dd>\n<dt>Z23 Squadron<small>Helicopter squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Eurocopter AS350 &#201;cureuil<\/dd>\n<dt>Z1 Squadron<small>Transport squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"South-East District, Gaborone active Air Arm Command, Botswana Defence Force (VIP Flight); airport run by the Civil Aviation Authority of Botswana\">\n<div><span>Sir Seretse Khama International Airport (VIP Flight) &middot; FBSK<\/span><em>Air Arm Command, Botswana Defence Force<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>VIP Flight<small>VIP transport &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Bombardier Global 5000 and other VIP aircraft<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"North-East District, Francistown active Air Arm Command, Botswana Defence Force\">\n<div><span>Francistown (Phillip Gaonwe Matante International Airport) &middot; FBPM<\/span><em>Air Arm Command, Botswana Defence Force<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Z3 Squadron<small>Transport (liaison) squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><\/dd>\n<dt>Z12 Squadron<small>Transport squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"unitfind\">No unit matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>Air Arm Command (Botswana) milestones, 1914 to today<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1977<\/div>\n<p>15 April: Parliament creates the Botswana Defence Force; the air wing is formed the same month.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1985<\/div>\n<p>14 June: South African commandos raid Gaborone; 21 June: UN Security Council Resolution 568 condemns the raid unanimously.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1992<\/div>\n<p>Work starts on the main air base near Molepolole (Thebephatshwa), finished in 1996.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1996<\/div>\n<p>Ten CF-116As and three CF-116Bs from Canada begin replacing the Strikemaster.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1997<\/div>\n<p>Three C-130B Hercules arrive from the North Carolina Air National Guard.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1998<\/div>\n<p>380 BDF soldiers join Operation Boleas in Lesotho (to 1999).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2000<\/div>\n<p>Three more single-seat and two two-seat CF-5s arrive, making 18.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2011<\/div>\n<p>20 October: two PC-7 Mk IIs collide over Letlhakeng; two crew killed. Francistown becomes a joint civil and military airport.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2013<\/div>\n<p>Air arm chief Maj. Gen. Odirile Mashinyana recommends upgrading the BF-5s while saving for a successor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2017<\/div>\n<p>9 February: a C-212 crashes after take-off from Thebephatshwa; three killed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2018<\/div>\n<p>27 April: a BF-5 crashes in Gaborone, killing the pilot. July: the minister reports nine aircraft and six lives lost in ten years.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2020<\/div>\n<p>December: an AS350B crashes on an anti-poaching mission.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2021<\/div>\n<p>July: 296 BDF personnel deploy to SAMIM in Mozambique. October: a BDF C-130 is damaged on the ground at Pemba by a LAM airliner.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2024<\/div>\n<p>April: the BDF leaves SAMIM. 27 June: the US hands over C-130H OM4.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2025<\/div>\n<p>January: the Tejas is reported to be out of the fighter race. August: two more C-130Hs notified to Congress. September: OM4 flies in Exercise Blue Lugwasho.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2026<\/div>\n<p>July: Botswana accepts another donated C-130H; the US hands over about one million dollars of Hercules spares.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"combat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Combat record<\/div>\n<h2>Every operation the Air Arm Command has been part of<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Sorties and losses where the record gives them, and an honest blank where it does not.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip dark\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>3<\/b><span>conflicts<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1985<\/b><span>First<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>0<\/b><span>Aircraft lost<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>0<\/b><span>Killed<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"gl cml\">\n<li><b>South African raids on Botswana<\/b> <span class=\"de\">1985<\/span> No air engagement is recorded; the raids were carried out by South African ground forces against ANC targets<\/li>\n<li><b>Operation Boleas<\/b> <span class=\"de\">1998&ndash;1999<\/span> Contributed 380 soldiers to the SADC task force; no air role is recorded in the sources found<\/li>\n<li><b>SADC Mission in Mozambique (SAMIM)<\/b> <span class=\"de\">2021&ndash;2024<\/span> Contributed troops to SADC&rsquo;s counter-insurgency mission; the air arm&rsquo;s C-130s supported the deployment<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a class=\"cbig\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/air-arm-command-botswana\/combat-record\/\">Open the full combat record<\/a><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"makers\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The manufacturers<\/div>\n<h2>Who built the Air Arm Command (Botswana) fleet<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every company behind the aircraft on this page has its own page: the story, every type it built, the numbers and the other air forces that fly them.<\/p>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3>Current fleet and orders<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/casa\/\">CASA<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/lockheed\/\">Lockheed<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/beechcraft\/\">Beechcraft<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/bell\/\">Bell<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/bombardier\/\">Bombardier<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/britten-norman\/\">Britten-Norman<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/canadair\/\">Canadair<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/dornier\/\">Dornier<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/eurocopter\/\">Eurocopter<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/iptn\/\">IPTN<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/leonardo\/\">Leonardo<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/pilatus\/\">Pilatus<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>Former fleet<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/cessna\/\" class=\"was\">Cessna<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/bac\/\" class=\"was\">British Aircraft Corporation<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/gulfstream\/\" class=\"was\">Gulfstream<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/scottish-aviation\/\" class=\"was\">Scottish Aviation<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/short-brothers\/\" class=\"was\">Short Brothers<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about the Air Arm Command (Botswana)<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>What is Botswana&rsquo;s air force called?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Air Arm Command, part of the Botswana Defence Force; that is the current English Wikipedia title and the name defenceWeb uses for its chief. Older sources call it the BDF Air Wing or Air Arm. English is the BDF&rsquo;s working language and no official Setswana name was found.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>When was the Botswana air force founded?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">In April 1977, together with the Botswana Defence Force, which Parliament created on 15 April 1977 after Rhodesian and South African cross-border raids.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What fighter jets does Botswana fly?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Ex-Canadian Canadair CF-5s, locally BF-5s &mdash; licence-built versions of the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/northrop-f-5\/\">Northrop F-5<\/a>. 18 were delivered in 1996 and 2000; about 15 remain, flown by Z28 Squadron at Thebephatshwa.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is Botswana buying the Gripen?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">No order has been confirmed. Wikipedia says the KAI T-50, used F-16s, the Saab Gripen and the HAL Tejas have all been considered since 2013, and that by January 2025 the Tejas was no longer being considered. The CF-5s remain the only fighters.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What did Botswana fly before the CF-5?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Nine second-hand <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bac-strikemaster\/\">BAC Strikemasters<\/a> from Kuwait and Kenya, bought after the air wing was formed in 1977 and retired in the late 1990s.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Where is Botswana&rsquo;s main air base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Thebephatshwa, also called Maparangwane, near Molepolole west of Gaborone. It was built by mainly foreign contractors between 1992 and 1996. The air arm also uses Sir Seretse Khama International Airport in Gaborone and Francistown.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Did the Botswana air force fight South Africa in the 1980s?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">No air combat is recorded. South Africa&rsquo;s 1985 raid on Gaborone was a ground operation against what Pretoria called ANC targets; the UN Security Council condemned it unanimously in Resolution 568 on 21 June 1985.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why does Botswana fly donated American Hercules?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Its three C-130Bs, from the North Carolina Air National Guard in 1997, wore out: by 2024 none was flying. The US then donated a C-130H, handed over on 27 June 2024, notified two more to Congress in August 2025, and Botswana accepted another in July 2026.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Has the Botswana air force had many crashes?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">In July 2018 the defence minister told Parliament that nine aircraft and six people had been lost in ten years, six of the crashes through pilot error. They include a PC-7 mid-air collision in 2011, a C-212 crash in 2017 and a BF-5 crash in Gaborone in 2018.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is Botswana\\u2019s air force called?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Air Arm Command, part of the Botswana Defence Force; that is the current English Wikipedia title and the name defenceWeb uses for its chief. 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The US then donated a C-130H, handed over on 27 June 2024, notified two more to Congress in August 2025, and Botswana accepted another in July 2026.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Has the Botswana air force had many crashes?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"In July 2018 the defence minister told Parliament that nine aircraft and six people had been lost in ten years, six of the crashes through pilot error. They include a PC-7 mid-air collision in 2011, a C-212 crash in 2017 and a BF-5 crash in Gaborone in 2018.\"}}]}<\/script><hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"gallery\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Read the aircraft the Air Arm Command (Botswana) flew<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every type with a page in the Book of Beasts, in service first, then by the year it left the fleet.<\/p>\n<div class=\"acgrid\"><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/northrop-f-5\/\"><span class=\"im ph2\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Canadair CF-5A and CF-5D (CF-116, local BF-5)<span class=\"nflag nf1\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Canada\"><\/span><\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/c-130-hercules\/\"><span class=\"im ph3\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Lockheed C-130H Hercules<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/pc-7-turbo-trainer\/\"><span class=\"im ph11\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Pilatus PC-7 Mk II<span class=\"nflag nf2\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Switzerland\"><\/span><\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bac-strikemaster\/\"><span class=\"im ph13\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>BAC Strikemaster Mk 83 and Mk 87<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/o-2-skymaster\/\"><span class=\"im none\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Cessna O-2 Skymaster<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/c-130-hercules\/\"><span class=\"im ph12\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Lockheed C-130B Hercules<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/b><em>1997&ndash;2024<\/em><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/us-gifts-c-130-hercules-to-botswana\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: US gifts C-130 Hercules to Botswana (28 June 2024)<\/a><span>OM4, 30 million dollars, arrived 24 May, handed over 27 June 2024; Maj. Gen. Hendrick Thuthu Rakgantswana, Chief of Air Arm Command; minister Kagiso Mmusi on the grounded C-130B.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/botswana-to-get-another-c-130-hercules-from-the-united-states\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Botswana to get another C-130 Hercules from the United States (14 July 2026)<\/a><span>C-130B history (1997, OM1&ndash;OM3); two C-130Hs notified 5 August 2025 at 12 million dollars each; transport fleet incl. three C-212, two CN235, one Do 328, ten Defenders.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/botswana-defence-force-lost-an-aircraft-a-year-to-crashes\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Botswana Defence Force lost an aircraft a year to crashes (23 July 2018)<\/a><span>Minister Shaw Kgathi: nine aircraft and six personnel lost in ten years; CF-5 crash 27 April with fleet of 15; C-212 crash February 2017 and C-212-400 replacement.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/tag\/botswana-defence-force\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: articles tagged Botswana Defence Force<\/a><span>Headlines and dates: AS350 crash (7 December 2020); C-130 damaged by LAM aircraft at Pemba (28 October 2021); another C212 (18 April 2019); deployment to Mozambique (26 July 2021); soldier killed in Mozambique (11 February 2022); C-130 spares (January and September 2026).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/african-news\/botswana-exits-samim-as-rwanda-grows-troop-numbers\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Botswana exits SAMIM as Rwanda grows troop numbers (9 April 2024)<\/a><span>Farewell parade 5 April 2024; in Cabo Delgado since October 2023; SAMIM to leave in July 2024.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/six-sadc-air-forces-bolster-ex-blue-lugwasho-with-aircraft-contributions\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Six SADC air forces bolster Ex Blue Lugwasho with aircraft contributions (19 September 2025)<\/a><span>Botswana&rsquo;s C-130 OM4; maize airlift Lusaka&ndash;Livingstone, 9&ndash;26 September 2025.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/land\/land-land\/african-military-profile-botswana\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: African Military Profile: Botswana (15 December 2025)<\/a><span>BDF of three commands including Air Arm Command; ageing fleet revitalised by US donations.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Figures verified 2026-10-01. Order of Battle pages are regenerated from a single dataset; if a number here disagrees with a Book of Beasts page, this page is the more recent of the two.<\/p>\n<p class=\"verified\">Photographs: Photo: Bob Adams from George, South Africa \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0) &middot; Photo: Piergiuliano Chesi \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 3.0) &middot; Photo: Rjcastillo \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Lubos Sramek \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 4.0) &middot; Photo: u278 \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC0) &middot; Photo: Jerry Gunner \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 2.0) &middot; Photo: Gordon Leggett \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Clemens Vasters from Viersen, Germany, Germany \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 2.0) &middot; Photo: Guilherme Borges dos Santos \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Md Shaifuzzaman Ayon \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Arpingstone \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: Dietmar Rabich \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Ad Meskens \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0) &middot; Photo: Acroterion \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .ph1{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/w17-hero-air-arm-command-botswana.jpg)!important}#mfam .ph2{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/w16-bw-t-483.jpg)!important}#mfam .ph3{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ital-t-lockheed-c-130h-hercules.jpg)!important}#mfam 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