{"id":18026,"date":"2026-07-20T14:04:59","date_gmt":"2026-07-20T12:04:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/?page_id=18026"},"modified":"2026-08-01T10:51:45","modified_gmt":"2026-08-01T08:51:45","slug":"tu-22-blinder","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/he\/aircraft\/tu-22-blinder\/","title":{"rendered":"Tupolev Tu-22 Blinder \u2014 History, Specs &#038; Stories"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"mfam\">\n<style> @import url('https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Lora:ital,wght@0,400;0,500;1,400;1,500&display=swap'); body.page-id-18026 h1.entry-title.main_title{display:none} body.page-id-18026 #main-content .container{padding-top:0} body.page-id-18026 #left-area{padding-bottom:0} html{overflow-x:hidden} body.page-id-18026{overflow-x:hidden} body.page-id-18026 #sidebar{display:none} body.page-id-18026 #left-area{width:100%!important;float:none;padding:0} #mfam{width:100vw;margin-left:calc(50% - 50vw);background:#fff;color:#14181f;line-height:1.7;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;overflow:hidden; --bg2:#f6f8fb;--line:#e2e7ee;--txt:#14181f;--txt2:#454e5e;--txt3:#8b94a5;--blue:#5C91FF;--blue-ink:#3568e0;--blue-dim:rgba(92,145,255,.10)} #mfam *{margin:0;padding:0;box-sizing:border-box} #mfam h1,#mfam h2,#mfam h3,#mfam h4,#mfam h5,#mfam b,#mfam strong,#mfam summary,#mfam .stat b,#mfam dt,#mfam dd{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:normal} #mfam a{color:var(--blue-ink);text-decoration:none} #mfam img{display:block;max-width:100%} #mfam .wrap{max-width:1120px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 24px} #mfam h2{font-size:clamp(26px,3.4vw,36px);letter-spacing:-.5px;margin-bottom:8px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .kicker{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);margin-bottom:14px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam section{padding:64px 0} #mfam p{color:var(--txt2);font-size:16.5px;max-width:70ch} #mfam p+p{margin-top:1em} #mfam p strong{color:var(--txt)} #mfam .hero{position:relative;min-height:620px;height:76vh;max-height:860px;display:flex;align-items:flex-end;overflow:hidden;background:#10141d} #mfam .hero-media{position:absolute;inset:0} #mfam .hero-media img{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:center 45%;opacity:.92} #mfam .hero-media::after{content:\"\";position:absolute;inset:0;background:linear-gradient(to top,rgba(8,10,15,.78) 0%,rgba(8,10,15,.15) 55%,rgba(8,10,15,.02))} #mfam .hero-in{position:relative;width:100%;padding-bottom:52px} #mfam .crumb{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.7);text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:18px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .crumb a{color:rgba(255,255,255,.7)} #mfam .hero h1{font-size:clamp(40px,6.5vw,80px);letter-spacing:-1.5px;line-height:1.04;color:#fff} #mfam .hero h1 em{font-style:normal;color:var(--blue)} #mfam .hero .sub{font-size:clamp(16px,2vw,20px);color:rgba(255,255,255,.9);margin-top:14px;max-width:56ch;text-shadow:0 1px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.5)} #mfam .statstrip{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:1px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.25);border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.25);margin-top:36px} #mfam .stat{background:rgba(255,255,255,.95);padding:18px 22px} #mfam .stat b{display:block;font-size:clamp(20px,2.4vw,28px);color:#0d1117;letter-spacing:-.5px} #mfam .stat span{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} #mfam .credit{position:absolute;right:14px;bottom:8px;font-size:10px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55)} #mfam .chips{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px;padding:26px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .chip{font-size:12.5px;padding:8px 16px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .chip b{color:var(--txt3);margin-right:6px;font-size:11px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:1px} #mfam .chip:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .chip.fly{background:var(--blue-dim);border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .cols{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:56px;align-items:start} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .pull{font-family:'Lora',Georgia,serif;font-style:italic;font-size:24px;line-height:1.5;color:#0d1117;border-left:3px solid var(--blue);padding:6px 0 6px 26px;margin-top:8px} #mfam .pull cite{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:2px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:16px} #mfam .pull cite b{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .cards3{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:36px} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cards3{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .ecard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:28px;box-shadow:0 1px 3px rgba(13,17,23,.05)} #mfam .ecard .num{font-size:12px;color:var(--blue-ink);letter-spacing:2px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .ecard h3{font-size:19px;margin:10px 0;letter-spacing:-.3px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .ecard p{font-size:14.5px} #mfam .deepset{margin-top:34px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:0} #mfam details.deep{background:#fff;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .deepset details.deep:first-of-type{border-top:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam details.deep[open]{border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam details.deep summary{cursor:pointer;list-style:none;padding:20px 8px;font-size:16.5px;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:22px;color:#0d1117} #mfam details.deep summary .no{flex:none;width:52px;font-size:30px;letter-spacing:-1px;color:#d5dbe6;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam details.deep summary .t{flex:1} #mfam details.deep:hover summary .t{color:var(--blue-ink)}  #mfam details.deep summary::after{content:\"+\";font-size:24px;color:var(--blue-ink);flex:none;font-family:Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam details.deep[open] summary::after{content:\"\u2013\"} #mfam details.deep .a{padding:0 8px 26px 74px;font-size:15px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:78ch} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam details.deep .a{padding-left:8px} #mfam details.deep summary .no{width:34px;font-size:22px}} #mfam details.deep .a p+p{margin-top:.9em} #mfam details.deep .a h5{font-size:13px;letter-spacing:1.5px;text-transform:uppercase;color:#0d1117;margin:1.4em 0 .4em} #mfam details.deep .a img{margin:16px 0 6px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;padding:12px} #mfam summary{list-style:none} #mfam summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .specgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:20px;margin-top:36px} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .specgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .spectable{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .spectable h4{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:2px;text-transform:uppercase;color:#fff;background:#0d1117;padding:18px 24px;margin:0} #mfam .spectable dl{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr auto} #mfam .spectable dt,#mfam .spectable dd{padding:12px 24px;font-size:14px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .spectable dt{color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .spectable dd{color:#0d1117;text-align:right} #mfam .spectable dt:nth-of-type(odd),#mfam .spectable dd:nth-of-type(odd){background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .tl{margin-top:40px;position:relative;padding-left:34px} #mfam .tl::before{content:\"\";position:absolute;left:8px;top:6px;bottom:6px;width:2px;background:var(--line)} #mfam .tl-item{position:relative;padding-bottom:34px} #mfam .tl-item::before{content:\"\";position:absolute;left:-32px;top:7px;width:14px;height:14px;background:#fff;border:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tl-item .yr{font-size:13px;color:var(--blue-ink);letter-spacing:1.5px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .tl-item h3{font-size:17px;margin:3px 0 5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tl-item p{font-size:14.5px} #mfam .car{position:relative;margin-top:30px} #mfam .cbtn{position:absolute;top:calc(50% - 22px);width:44px;height:44px;background:var(--blue);border:none;color:#fff;font-size:24px;line-height:44px;text-align:center;cursor:pointer;z-index:6;padding:0} #mfam .cbtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .cbtn.p{left:-8px} #mfam .cbtn.n{right:-8px} #mfam .track{display:flex;gap:16px;overflow-x:auto;scroll-snap-type:x mandatory;padding:4px 0 10px;scrollbar-width:none} #mfam .track::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none} #mfam .mscard{flex:0 0 340px;scroll-snap-align:start;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);padding:26px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;box-shadow:0 1px 3px rgba(13,17,23,.05)} #mfam .mscard .tag{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:2px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);margin-bottom:12px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mscard h4{font-size:17px;letter-spacing:-.2px;margin-bottom:8px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .mscard p{font-size:13.5px;flex:1} #mfam .mscard details{border:none;background:none} #mfam .mscard details summary{cursor:pointer;margin-top:16px;font-size:13px;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mscard details[open] summary{display:none} #mfam .mscard details .full{margin-top:14px;font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .gal figure{flex:0 0 78%;max-width:640px;scroll-snap-align:start;overflow:hidden;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;margin:0} #mfam .gal .ph{aspect-ratio:16\/9;width:100%;object-fit:cover} #mfam .gal .phold{aspect-ratio:16\/9;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:8px;background:linear-gradient(160deg,#1a2233,#10141f);color:#8b94a5;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:2px;text-transform:uppercase;text-align:center;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .gal figcaption{padding:14px 20px;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .gal figcaption span{color:var(--txt3);font-size:11.5px;display:block;margin-top:2px} #mfam .vidwrap{margin-top:30px;aspect-ratio:16\/9;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .vidwrap iframe{width:100%;height:100%;border:0;display:block} #mfam .vidwrap{margin-top:30px;aspect-ratio:16\/9;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .vidwrap iframe{width:100%;height:100%;border:0;display:block} #mfam .vid{position:relative;aspect-ratio:16\/9;overflow:hidden;border:1px solid var(--line);background:linear-gradient(160deg,#161d2c,#0d1119);display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:18px;margin-top:30px} #mfam .vid .play{width:78px;height:78px;background:var(--blue);display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center} #mfam .vid p{font-size:13px;color:#8b94a5;text-align:center;max-width:52ch} #mfam .mapbox{margin-top:30px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--bg2);padding:60px 30px;text-align:center} #mfam .maplegend{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px;justify-content:center;margin-top:24px} #mfam .maplegend span{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt2);background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);padding:7px 15px} #mfam .dot{width:10px;height:10px;display:inline-block} #mfam .combat{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:34px} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .combat{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .cstat{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:4px solid var(--line);padding:30px;text-align:center;box-shadow:0 1px 3px rgba(13,17,23,.05)} #mfam .cstat b{display:block;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:-1px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .cstat.zero{border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cstat.zero b{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .cstat span{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .qa{margin-top:30px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:12px} #mfam .qa details{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .qa details[open]{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qa summary{cursor:pointer;padding:20px 24px;font-size:16px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:16px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .qa summary::after{content:\"+\";font-size:24px;color:var(--blue-ink);flex:none;font-family:Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qa details[open] summary::after{content:\"\u2013\"} #mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 24px 22px;font-size:15px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:75ch} #mfam .ad{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 40px} #mfam .ad .adin{max-width:900px;margin:0 auto;text-align:center} #mfam .ad .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ad h2{margin-bottom:12px;color:#fff} #mfam .ad .adp{margin:0 auto 26px;color:#9aa3b8} #mfam .flycard{flex:0 0 240px;scroll-snap-align:start;background:#151b26;border:1px solid #232b3d;padding:22px;text-align:center} #mfam .flycard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .flycard .fico{height:64px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;margin-bottom:14px} #mfam .flycard .fico svg{height:52px;width:auto} #mfam .flycard b{display:block;font-size:16px;color:#fff;margin-bottom:4px} #mfam .flycard span{font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5} #mfam .btn{display:inline-block;background:var(--blue);color:#fff;font-size:14px;letter-spacing:.5px;padding:16px 36px;margin-top:28px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .btn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .relgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:34px} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .rel{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);padding:26px;box-shadow:0 1px 3px rgba(13,17,23,.05)} #mfam .rel:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .rel .rk{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:2px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .rel h3{font-size:19px;margin:8px 0 6px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .rel p{font-size:13.5px} #mfam .rel .go{display:inline-block;margin-top:14px;font-size:13px;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .srclist{margin-top:26px;columns:2;column-gap:48px;list-style:none;font-size:14px} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .srclist{columns:1}} #mfam .srclist li{margin-bottom:10px;break-inside:avoid;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .srclist li span{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;display:block} #mfam .finenote{margin-top:30px;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .divider{border:none;border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin:0} #mfam .rel .rh{display:block;font-size:19px;margin:8px 0 6px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .rel .rp{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .rel .rk,#mfam .rel .go{display:block} #mfam .rel .go{margin-top:14px} #mfam .fico{display:flex;height:64px;align-items:center;justify-content:center;margin-bottom:14px} #mfam .relgrid>p,#mfam .track>p{display:contents}  body.page-id-18026 #main-content .container::before{display:none!important;background:none!important} #mfam p{font-size:17px} #mfam .kicker{font-size:12.5px} #mfam .qa summary{font-size:18px;padding:22px 26px} #mfam .qa details .a{font-size:16px;padding:0 26px 24px;max-width:78ch} #mfam details.deep summary{font-size:17.5px} #mfam details.deep .a{font-size:16px} #mfam .mscard h4{font-size:18px} #mfam .mscard p{font-size:15px} #mfam .mscard .tag{font-size:11.5px} #mfam .mscard details summary{font-size:14px} #mfam .mscard details .full{font-size:15px} #mfam .ecard h3{font-size:20px} #mfam .ecard p{font-size:15.5px} #mfam .spectable dt,#mfam .spectable dd{font-size:15px} #mfam .tl-item h3{font-size:18px} #mfam .tl-item p{font-size:15.5px} #mfam .gal figcaption{font-size:14.5px} #mfam .gal figcaption span{font-size:12.5px} #mfam .chip{font-size:13.5px} #mfam .stat span{font-size:11.5px} #mfam .flycard b{font-size:17px} #mfam .flycard span{font-size:13.5px} #mfam .rel .rh{font-size:20px} #mfam .rel .rp{font-size:15px} #mfam .rel .go{font-size:14px} #mfam .srclist{font-size:15px} #mfam .srclist li span{font-size:13.5px} #mfam .finenote{font-size:13.5px} #mfam .maplegend span{font-size:13.5px} #mfam .vid p{font-size:14px} #mfam .cstat span{font-size:12.5px} #mfam .btn{font-size:15px}  #mfam .spectable dt,#mfam .spectable dd{font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:normal} #mfam .spectable dd{color:#0d1117}  #mfam .fico img{height:72px;width:auto;max-width:192px;filter:drop-shadow(0 0 2px rgba(220,232,248,.5))} #mfam .flycard .fico{height:76px} #mfam .btn{font-size:17px;padding:18px 40px} span.chip{cursor:default} \/*mobfix1*\/@media(max-width:767px){#mfam .hero{height:auto;min-height:0;max-height:none;padding-top:96px}#mfam .car{padding-top:60px}#mfam .cbtn{top:0;bottom:auto}#mfam .cbtn.p{left:auto;right:52px}#mfam .cbtn.n{right:0}}<\/style>\n<p> <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Can I fly in a Tu-22?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"No. The Tu-22 Blinder is a retired Soviet supersonic bomber, long out of service and preserved only in museums, so there is no way to book a flight in one. You can, however, fly in several genuine military jets today via MiGFlug.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Is the Tu-22 the same as the Tu-22M Backfire?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"No. The original Tu-22 Blinder is a slim, fixed-wing bomber with two engines at the base of the tail, first flown in 1958. The Tu-22M Backfire is a later, larger swing-wing bomber, a different aircraft that reused the Tu-22 designation. Much online Tu-22 combat history, including Afghanistan bombing, actually belongs to the Backfire.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"How fast was the Tu-22?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"About Mach 1.4 in a dash, roughly 1,510 km\/h, with some sources quoting slightly higher using the later RD-7M2 engines. It could not sustain that for long, and in service the performance gain over the subsonic Tu-16 proved smaller than hoped.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Why are the Tu-22 engines mounted on the tail?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Placing the two turbojets at the base of the fin kept the intakes short and the wing and fuselage clean for supersonic flight. The trade-offs were a structural weight penalty and awkward maintenance, with the engines sitting high off the ground.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What missile did the Tu-22K carry?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The Tu-22K carried the Kh-22 (NATO AS-4 Kitchen), a large liquid-fuel, high-supersonic standoff missile designed to strike ships and land targets from hundreds of kilometres away. It was carried semi-recessed under the belly because it was too big to fit fully inside.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Why did the Tu-22 have such a bad reputation?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"A high landing speed, poor forward visibility, unforgiving handling and cramped, isolated crew compartments all made it demanding to fly. Early aircraft also had downward-firing ejection seats that gave little chance of survival in a low-altitude emergency, contributing to a poor accident record.\"}}]}<\/script> <\/p>\n<header class=\"hero\">\n<div class=\"hero-media\"><img data-opt-id=2123504656  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:1437\/h:1080\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tupolev-tu-22-blinder-in-flight-1977.jpg\"  src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%201536%201154%22%20width%3D%221536%22%20height%3D%221154%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%221536%22%20height%3D%221154%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"Tupolev Tu-22 Blinder supersonic bomber in flight\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/\">Aircraft Museum<\/a> \u203a <span>Supersonic Bomber<\/span> \u203a <span>Tu-22 Blinder<\/span><\/div>\n<h1>Tupolev Tu-22<br \/><em>\u201cBlinder\u201d<\/em><\/h1>\n<p class=\"sub\">The Soviet Union\u2019s first supersonic bomber \u2014 sleek, fast and feared by its own crews, with two engines stacked at the base of the tail and a reputation for danger that outlived its service.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>~Mach 1.4<\/b><span>Top speed \u00b7 supersonic dash<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>~92,000 kg<\/b><span>Max takeoff weight \u00b7 Tu-22K<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>~300+<\/b><span>Built at Kazan, 1959\u20131969<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1962<\/b><span>Entered service \u00b7 first flight 1958<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"credit\">Photo: U.S. Navy \u00b7 Public domain<\/div>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Role<\/b>Supersonic bomber \/ missile carrier<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Era<\/b>Cold War<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Engine<\/b>2 \u00d7 Dobrynin RD-7M2 turbojets<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Origin<\/b>USSR \u00b7 Tupolev OKB<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Status<\/b>Retired<\/span><a class=\"chip fly\" href=\"#faq\">Want to fly a fighter jet yourself?<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The Story<\/div>\n<h2>The USSR\u2019s first supersonic bomber<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<p>By the mid-1950s the Soviet Union\u2019s long-range bomber force rested on the subsonic <strong>Tu-16 Badger<\/strong>, an aircraft increasingly exposed to a new generation of jet interceptors and surface-to-air missiles. Tupolev\u2019s answer was the <strong>\u201c105\u201d project<\/strong> \u2014 a slim, supersonic bomber that first flew as the prototype <strong>\u201cSamolyot 105\u201d on 21 June 1958<\/strong>. It became the <strong>Tu-22<\/strong>, and NATO named it <strong>Blinder<\/strong>: the first Soviet bomber able to dash beyond the speed of sound.<\/p>\n<p>The path there was not smooth. The first prototype was crippled by <strong>transonic drag<\/strong> and could barely exceed Mach 1. Engineers reshaped the fuselage using <strong>area ruling<\/strong> \u2014 the pinched, \u201ccoke-bottle\u201d waist that eases airflow where wing meets body \u2014 producing the \u201c105A\u201d in 1959. Only then did genuine supersonic performance arrive, and the area-ruled aircraft became the production standard, built at <strong>Kazan\u2019s Plant No. 22<\/strong>. The type entered service in <strong>1962<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Yet the Tu-22 was as troubled as it was fast. Its thin, high-speed wing gave it a <strong>fearsome landing speed<\/strong> \u2014 commonly cited around 300 km\/h \u2014 and poor visibility over its long, pointed nose made approaches dangerous. Early aircraft carried <strong>downward-firing ejection seats<\/strong> that offered little chance of survival in a low-altitude emergency, exactly when the aircraft was most vulnerable. The three crew sat in <strong>separate compartments<\/strong>, unable to see one another. Sources describe an aircraft that was unforgiving to fly and prone to accidents; crews reportedly nicknamed it <strong>\u201cShilo\u201d<\/strong> (the awl), though the origin of that name is disputed.<\/p>\n<p>Distinct versions gave the Blinder several careers. The <strong>Tu-22B<\/strong> was a free-fall bomber; the <strong>Tu-22R<\/strong> flew reconnaissance and the <strong>Tu-22P<\/strong> served as an electronic-warfare platform. The most significant was the <strong>Tu-22K<\/strong>, built around the large <strong>Kh-22<\/strong> (NATO AS-4 \u201cKitchen\u201d) standoff missile, carried semi-recessed under the belly because it was too big to fit inside.<\/p>\n<p>In Soviet service the type\u2019s combat use was limited, but exported Blinders saw action. Libyan aircraft were used against Tanzania and over Chad, with mixed and often negligible results and several losses; Iraq flew its small fleet on long-range raids during the Iran\u2013Iraq War. The Soviet and later Russian fleets were withdrawn through the 1990s, and <strong>Ukraine<\/strong>, which inherited a handful after 1991, scrapped them.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pull\">Fast, sleek and dangerous \u2014 the Blinder looked the part, but its own crews learned to fear it.<cite><b>The Tu-22 story<\/b> \u2014 the USSR\u2019s first supersonic bomber<\/cite><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"deepset\">\n<details class=\"deep\">\n<summary><span class=\"no\">01<\/span><span class=\"t\">The Tupolev Tu-22 Blinder versus the Tu-22M Backfire: two very different bombers, one name<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">\n<p>A persistent source of confusion: the <strong>Tu-22 Blinder<\/strong> and the later <strong>Tu-22M Backfire<\/strong> are not the same aircraft. The original Tu-22, described on this page, is a slim, <strong>fixed-wing<\/strong> bomber with two engines mounted at the base of the tail fin, first flown in 1958. The Tu-22M is a larger, heavier <strong>swing-wing (variable-geometry)<\/strong> bomber that first flew a decade later \u2014 a genuinely different design that kept the \u201cTu-22\u201d label largely for Soviet budgetary and political reasons.<\/p>\n<p>The distinction matters because much of the \u201cTu-22\u201d combat history circulating online \u2014 particularly the heavy bombing over Afghanistan in the 1980s \u2014 actually belongs to the <strong>Tu-22M Backfire<\/strong>, not the Blinder. The Backfire is covered in its own exhibit; everything here refers to the original 1950s aircraft.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Design &amp; Engineering<\/div>\n<h2>What makes it distinctive<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cards3\">\n<div class=\"ecard\">\n<div class=\"num\">01<\/div>\n<h3>Supersonic dash and an area-ruled body<\/h3>\n<p>The Tu-22 was the first Soviet bomber built to fly supersonically. Its thin, sharply <strong>swept wing<\/strong> and <strong>area-ruled \u201ccoke-bottle\u201d fuselage<\/strong> \u2014 the fix applied after the first prototype could barely pass Mach 1 \u2014 allowed a dash of roughly <strong>Mach 1.4<\/strong>. It was a real step beyond the subsonic Tu-16, even if in service the gain proved smaller than the Soviet air force had hoped.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ecard\">\n<div class=\"num\">02<\/div>\n<h3>Two engines at the base of the tail<\/h3>\n<p>The Blinder\u2019s most recognisable feature is its two large turbojets, mounted <strong>side by side high on the rear fuselage<\/strong>, against the root of the vertical fin. The layout kept the intakes short and the fuselage clean for supersonic flight, but sources note it carried a structural weight penalty and made engine access awkward, the units sitting high off the ground. Early Dobrynin engines gave way to the definitive <strong>RD-7M2<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ecard\">\n<div class=\"num\">03<\/div>\n<h3>The Tu-22K and its Kh-22 missile<\/h3>\n<p>The <strong>Tu-22K<\/strong> was built around the large <strong>Kh-22<\/strong> (NATO AS-4 \u201cKitchen\u201d), a liquid-fuel, high-supersonic standoff missile intended to strike ships and land targets from hundreds of kilometres away. The weapon was so large it was carried <strong>semi-recessed under the belly<\/strong> rather than fully internally, paired with a dedicated targeting radar. It was the Blinder\u2019s most serious weapon.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"deepset\">\n<details class=\"deep\">\n<summary><span class=\"no\">02<\/span><span class=\"t\">The Tu-22 Blinder\u2019s tail-mounted engines: why Tupolev put the jets on the fin<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">\n<p>Placing the two engines at the base of the tail, rather than in the wing roots or buried in the fuselage, kept the wing and centre fuselage aerodynamically clean and avoided long, complex intake ducting \u2014 useful for a supersonic aircraft. The cost was real: the arrangement is generally described as adding structural weight, and the high-mounted engines were harder to inspect and service than podded or wing-root installations. It is the single feature that most sets the Blinder\u2019s silhouette apart from almost every other bomber of its era.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"deep\">\n<summary><span class=\"no\">03<\/span><span class=\"t\">The Tu-22 Blinder\u2019s reputation: high landing speeds, downward ejection and a heavy accident toll<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">\n<p>Few Cold-War aircraft were as feared by their own crews. The thin supersonic wing produced a very high approach speed, and forward visibility over the long nose was poor, making landing the most dangerous phase of flight. Early Tu-22s ejected their crews <strong>downward<\/strong> \u2014 survivable at altitude, but frequently fatal during the low-level emergencies that most often occurred on takeoff and landing. The three crew occupied separate compartments and could not see whether the others had already ejected. Accounts describe a demanding, unforgiving machine with a poor peacetime safety record; some sources tally dozens of airframes lost in accidents, though the precise figures vary between references and should be treated as indicative.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Technical Data<\/div>\n<h2>Full specifications<\/h2>\n<p style=\"max-width:70ch;margin:-6px 0 22px;color:#5a6472\">Figures are broadly for the <strong>Tu-22K<\/strong> missile carrier. Soviet-era data was secret and later reconstructions disagree, so contested values (weight, range, speed) are hedged and given as ranges where sources differ.<\/p>\n<div class=\"specgrid\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Airframe &amp; Performance<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Crew<\/dt>\n<dd>3 (pilot, navigator, systems operator) in separate compartments<\/dd>\n<dt>Length<\/dt>\n<dd>~41.6 m (~42.6 m with refuelling probe)<\/dd>\n<dt>Wingspan<\/dt>\n<dd>~23.5 m<\/dd>\n<dt>Height<\/dt>\n<dd>~10.1 m<\/dd>\n<dt>Max takeoff weight<\/dt>\n<dd>~92,000 kg (sources give ~85,000\u201394,000 by variant)<\/dd>\n<dt>Max speed<\/dt>\n<dd>~Mach 1.4 (~1,510 km\/h) at altitude<\/dd>\n<dt>Service ceiling<\/dt>\n<dd>~13,300 m<\/dd>\n<dt>Range<\/dt>\n<dd>~4,900 km (up to ~7,000 km air-refuelled) \u2014 widely varying estimates<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Propulsion, Armament &amp; Cost<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Engines<\/dt>\n<dd>2 \u00d7 Dobrynin RD-7M2 turbojets<\/dd>\n<dt>Thrust (each)<\/dt>\n<dd>~161 kN (~16,500 kgf) with afterburner<\/dd>\n<dt>Armament<\/dt>\n<dd>1 \u00d7 Kh-22 missile (Tu-22K) or up to ~12,000 kg bombs; 1 \u00d7 23 mm tail cannon<\/dd>\n<dt>First flight<\/dt>\n<dd>Prototype \u201c105\u201d 21 Jun 1958 \u00b7 area-ruled \u201c105A\u201d 1959<\/dd>\n<dt>Entered service<\/dt>\n<dd>1962<\/dd>\n<dt>Built<\/dt>\n<dd>~300\u2013311 at Kazan (Plant No. 22), to 1969<\/dd>\n<dt>Unit cost<\/dt>\n<dd>Not publicly disclosed (Soviet-era state secret)<\/dd>\n<dt>Cost per flight hour<\/dt>\n<dd>No reliable public figure exists<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"deepset\">\n<details class=\"deep\">\n<summary><span class=\"no\">04<\/span><span class=\"t\">The Tupolev Tu-22 Blinder\u2019s costs: why there is no reliable price tag<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">\n<p>Unlike Western aircraft, the Tu-22 has <strong>no meaningful published unit cost or cost-per-flight-hour figure<\/strong>. Soviet military procurement was funded through a centrally planned economy in which prices were not set by a market and programme costs were treated as state secrets. Any dollar figure attached to the Blinder today would be a modern estimate or a currency conversion of little real meaning. What the sources agree on is that the aircraft was <strong>expensive to operate in human and material terms<\/strong>: a demanding airframe, a poor accident record, and short intercontinental reach that made it a costly step for a capability the Soviet air force ultimately judged disappointing. We list the cost as undisclosed rather than invent a number.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>From the \u201c105\u201d project to retirement<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1954\u201355<\/div>\n<h3>The \u201c105\u201d project begins<\/h3>\n<p>Tupolev\u2019s OKB starts work on a supersonic bomber to succeed the vulnerable subsonic Tu-16 Badger.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1958<\/div>\n<h3>Prototype first flight<\/h3>\n<p>The prototype \u201cSamolyot 105\u201d flies on 21 June 1958 \u2014 but transonic drag keeps it from cleanly exceeding Mach 1.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1959<\/div>\n<h3>The area-ruled \u201c105A\u201d<\/h3>\n<p>A \u201ccoke-bottle\u201d fuselage redesign produces the 105A, which achieves genuine supersonic speed and becomes the production standard at Kazan.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1961<\/div>\n<h3>Public debut and the name \u201cBlinder\u201d<\/h3>\n<p>The Tu-22 is shown at the Tushino display in July 1961; NATO assigns the reporting name Blinder.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1962<\/div>\n<h3>Enters service<\/h3>\n<p>The Tu-22 enters operational service with Soviet Long-Range Aviation as the USSR\u2019s first supersonic bomber.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1967<\/div>\n<h3>The Tu-22K and Kh-22<\/h3>\n<p>The missile-armed Tu-22K, carrying the large Kh-22 standoff missile, reaches service and is shown publicly at Domodedovo in 1967.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1970s<\/div>\n<h3>Exports to Iraq and Libya<\/h3>\n<p>Around a dozen aircraft each are delivered to Iraq (early 1970s) and Libya (late 1970s onward), the type\u2019s only export customers.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1979\u201388<\/div>\n<h3>Combat abroad<\/h3>\n<p>Libyan Blinders strike targets around Tanzania and over Chad; Iraqi Tu-22s fly long-range raids during the Iran\u2013Iraq War.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1990s<\/div>\n<h3>Withdrawal<\/h3>\n<p>Soviet and Russian Tu-22s are retired through the 1990s; Ukraine inherits a handful after 1991 and scraps them.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Stories &amp; Eyewitnesses<\/div>\n<h2>Twelve Tu-22 Blinder stories<\/h2>\n<div class=\"car\"><button class=\"cbtn p\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('stcar').scrollBy({left:-712,behavior:'smooth'})\">\u2039<\/button><button class=\"cbtn n\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('stcar').scrollBy({left:712,behavior:'smooth'})\">\u203a<\/button><\/p>\n<div class=\"track\" id=\"stcar\">\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Redesign<\/div>\n<h4>The prototype that could not go supersonic<\/h4>\n<p>The USSR\u2019s first supersonic bomber initially could barely break the sound barrier.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">The 1958 prototype \u201cSamolyot 105\u201d was crippled by transonic drag and could scarcely nudge past Mach 1. Tupolev applied area ruling \u2014 the \u201ccoke-bottle\u201d fuselage shaping that pinches the body where the wings meet \u2014 producing the \u201c105A\u201d in 1959. Only then did genuine supersonic dash become possible, and the 105A became the production standard. The Tu-22 was as much a lesson in aerodynamics as it was a weapon.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Layout<\/div>\n<h4>Engines on the tail<\/h4>\n<p>Why did the Tu-22 carry its two jets stacked at the base of the fin?<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">Rather than bury the engines in the wing roots or fuselage, Tupolev mounted the Tu-22\u2019s two turbojets high on the rear fuselage, side by side against the tail fin. It kept the intakes short and the fuselage clean for supersonic flight, but sources note a structural weight penalty and awkward, high-off-the-ground maintenance. The result is one of the most instantly recognisable silhouettes of the Cold War.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Nickname<\/div>\n<h4>Shilo, the awl<\/h4>\n<p>Crews had a nickname for the needle-nosed bomber, and its origin is disputed.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">Soviet crews called the Tu-22 \u201cShilo\u201d (awl). Some accounts tie the name to the long, sharply pointed fuselage; others note that \u201cshilo\u201d was slang for drinkable spirit and point to the aircraft\u2019s large tank of alcohol-based de-icing fluid. Both readings may well have coexisted. Less affectionately, its accident record earned it grimmer tags among the men who flew it.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Danger<\/div>\n<h4>The high-speed landing<\/h4>\n<p>The thing crews feared most was not combat but the approach.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">The Tu-22\u2019s thin supersonic wing meant a very high landing speed, commonly cited around 300 km\/h, made worse by poor visibility over the long nose. Approaches were unforgiving, and takeoff and landing were where the aircraft was most lethal \u2014 precisely where its early downward ejection seats offered no realistic chance of escape.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Missile<\/div>\n<h4>The Kh-22 in the belly<\/h4>\n<p>The Tu-22K was built around a missile too big to hide inside it.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">The Tu-22K carried the huge Kh-22 (NATO AS-4 \u201cKitchen\u201d), a liquid-fuel, high-supersonic standoff missile designed to strike ships and land targets from hundreds of kilometres away. It was so large it sat semi-recessed under the belly rather than fully internal, paired with a dedicated targeting radar. It was the Blinder\u2019s most serious weapon.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Africa<\/div>\n<h4>The bomber that hit an island<\/h4>\n<p>In 1979 a Libyan Tu-22 tried to bomb a Tanzanian fuel depot and missed the town entirely.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">Backing Idi Amin in the Uganda\u2013Tanzania War, Libya deployed a few Tu-22s to Uganda. On 29 March 1979 one attempted to hit a fuel depot at Mwanza, Tanzania, and completely missed \u2014 its rockets instead struck a game sanctuary on Saa Nane Island, killing wildlife. Another Libyan strike reportedly dropped bombs into Burundi by mistake. The raids were militarily negligible.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Chad<\/div>\n<h4>Low pass over N\u2019Djamena<\/h4>\n<p>Libya\u2019s supersonic bombers appeared over Chad in the 1980s, and began getting shot down.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">During the Chadian\u2013Libyan War, Libyan Tu-22s flew long-range strikes, including a single Blinder\u2019s low-level attack on N\u2019Djamena airport in February 1986, dropping bombs on the runway. The campaign cost airframes: sources report two Blinders lost in 1987, at least one to a French-supplied Hawk surface-to-air missile.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">War<\/div>\n<h4>The War of the Cities<\/h4>\n<p>Iraq\u2019s dozen Tu-22s flew some of the longest-range raids of the Iran\u2013Iraq War.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">Iraq used its small Tu-22 fleet for high-speed, long-range strikes on Iranian cities, including Tehran, during the \u201cWar of the Cities,\u201d hitting civilian and industrial targets. It was one of the few genuine strategic-bombing uses of the type. Most Iraqi Blinders were worn out or lost during the war, and survivors were destroyed in and around the 1991 Gulf War.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Escape<\/div>\n<h4>Ejecting downward<\/h4>\n<p>Early Tu-22 crews escaped by firing straight toward the ground.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">The original Tu-22\u2019s ejection seats fired downward. At altitude that was survivable; during a low-altitude emergency \u2014 takeoff, landing, or a stall on approach \u2014 it was often fatal. Combined with three isolated crew compartments, in which no one could see whether the others had already gone, the escape system is repeatedly blamed for the aircraft\u2019s heavy toll.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Recce<\/div>\n<h4>The quiet Blinders<\/h4>\n<p>Many Tu-22s never carried a bomb \u2014 they carried cameras and jammers.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">Beyond the bombers, large numbers served as reconnaissance (Tu-22R) and electronic-warfare (Tu-22P) platforms \u2014 by some counts around seventy such airframes. These versions arguably gave more useful service than the strike variants, and specialised electronic-warfare Blinders later flew support and escort missions, including near Afghanistan late in that war.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Reveal<\/div>\n<h4>The airshow that worried the West<\/h4>\n<p>The Blinder made its point on a parade line before it ever dropped a bomb in anger.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">The Tu-22 was shown publicly at Tushino in July 1961, prompting NATO to assign the \u201cBlinder\u201d name, and the missile-armed Tu-22K appeared at Domodedovo in 1967. To Western observers these fly-pasts signalled a new Soviet supersonic strike capability \u2014 even though, in service, the aircraft was far more troubled than it looked.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Confusion<\/div>\n<h4>Not the Backfire<\/h4>\n<p>Two very different bombers wear the \u201cTu-22\u201d name \u2014 do not mix them up.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">The original Tu-22 \u201cBlinder\u201d is a slim, fixed-wing aircraft with tail-mounted engines. The later Tu-22M \u201cBackfire\u201d is a bigger, swing-wing bomber and a genuinely different design that reused the \u201cTu-22\u201d label largely for Soviet budgetary reasons. Much online \u201cTu-22\u201d combat lore \u2014 especially Afghanistan bombing \u2014 actually belongs to the Backfire, not the Blinder.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Gallery<\/div>\n<h2>The Blinder in pictures<\/h2>\n<div class=\"car\"><button class=\"cbtn p\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('gal').scrollBy({left:-660,behavior:'smooth'})\">\u2039<\/button><button class=\"cbtn n\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('gal').scrollBy({left:660,behavior:'smooth'})\">\u203a<\/button><\/p>\n<div class=\"track gal\" id=\"gal\">\n<figure data-full=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:1437\/h:1080\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tupolev-tu-22-blinder-in-flight-1977.jpg\"><img data-opt-id=683170716  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:768\/h:577\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tupolev-tu-22-blinder-in-flight-1977.jpg\"  class=\"ph\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20768%20577%22%20width%3D%22768%22%20height%3D%22577%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22768%22%20height%3D%22577%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"A Libyan Tu-22 Blinder in flight over the Mediterranean, shadowed by a US Navy F-4 Phantom in 1977.\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>A Libyan Tu-22 Blinder in flight over the Mediterranean, shadowed by a US Navy F-4 Phantom in 1977.<span>Photo: U.S. Navy \u00b7 Public domain<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure data-full=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:1428\/h:1080\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/soviet-tu-22-blinder-front-view.jpg\"><img data-opt-id=537859902  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:768\/h:581\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/soviet-tu-22-blinder-front-view.jpg\"  class=\"ph\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20768%20581%22%20width%3D%22768%22%20height%3D%22581%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22768%22%20height%3D%22581%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"A right-front view of a parked Soviet Tu-22 Blinder  the long nose and tail-mounted engines are clearly visible.\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>A right-front view of a parked Soviet Tu-22 Blinder \u2014 the long nose and tail-mounted engines are clearly visible.<span>Photo: U.S. Department of Defense \u00b7 Public domain<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure data-full=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:1437\/h:1080\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tu-22-blinder-monino-side-profile.jpg\"><img data-opt-id=1431162855  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:768\/h:577\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tu-22-blinder-monino-side-profile.jpg\"  class=\"ph\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20768%20577%22%20width%3D%22768%22%20height%3D%22577%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22768%22%20height%3D%22577%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"A preserved Tu-22 in full side profile at the Central Air Force Museum, Monino, showing the twin tail-base engines.\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>A preserved Tu-22 in full side profile at the Central Air Force Museum, Monino, showing the twin tail-base engines.<span>Photo: Alf van Beem \u00b7 Public domain (CC0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure data-full=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:1440\/h:1080\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tu-22-blinder-nose-kh-22-missile.jpg\"><img data-opt-id=1896435672  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:768\/h:576\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tu-22-blinder-nose-kh-22-missile.jpg\"  class=\"ph\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20768%20576%22%20width%3D%22768%22%20height%3D%22576%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22768%22%20height%3D%22576%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"The pointed nose and cockpit of a museum Tu-22, with a Raduga Kh-22 standoff missile displayed beneath.\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>The pointed nose and cockpit of a museum Tu-22, with a Raduga Kh-22 standoff missile displayed beneath.<span>Photo: Alf van Beem \u00b7 Public domain (CC0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure data-full=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:1536\/h:894\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tu-22-blinder-front-quarter-engines.jpg\"><img data-opt-id=923574248  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:768\/h:447\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tu-22-blinder-front-quarter-engines.jpg\"  class=\"ph\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20768%20447%22%20width%3D%22768%22%20height%3D%22447%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22768%22%20height%3D%22447%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"A low front-quarter view of the Monino Tu-22, its engine intakes prominent against the tail fin.\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>A low front-quarter view of the Monino Tu-22, its engine intakes prominent against the tail fin.<span>Photo: Clemens Vasters \u00b7 CC BY 2.0<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure data-full=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:1024\/h:674\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tu-22-blinder-sheremetyevo-period.jpg\"><img data-opt-id=264987088  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:768\/h:505\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tu-22-blinder-sheremetyevo-period.jpg\"  class=\"ph\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20768%20505%22%20width%3D%22768%22%20height%3D%22505%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22768%22%20height%3D%22505%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"A period photograph of an early Tu-22 Blinder at Sheremetyevo Airport, Moscow.\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>A period photograph of an early Tu-22 Blinder at Sheremetyevo Airport, Moscow.<span>Photo: SDASM Archives \u00b7 No known copyright<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Watch<\/div>\n<h2>The Tu-22 Blinder in motion<\/h2>\n<p style=\"max-width:70ch;color:#5a6472\">A curated video feature for the Tu-22 Blinder is <strong>coming soon<\/strong>. In the meantime, explore the photo gallery above and the operations map below.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Operations<\/div>\n<h2>Where the Tu-22 flew<\/h2>\n<div id=\"sr71-map-widget\" style=\"font-family:'Gilroy semiBold','Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,Lucida,sans-serif;max-width:1080px;width:100%;\">\n<div id=\"sr71-map-container\" style=\"width:100%;position:relative\"><svg id=\"sr71-map-svg\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;display:block\"><\/svg><\/p>\n<div id=\"sr71-tooltip\" style=\"position:fixed;background:#1a1a2e;color:#fff;padding:10px 16px;border-radius:6px;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:.3px;pointer-events:auto;opacity:0;transition:opacity .15s;z-index:1000;max-width:360px;line-height:1.5\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"sr71-controls\" style=\"display:flex;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;margin-top:12px;\"> <button class=\"sr71-toggle active\" data-cat=\"migflug\" data-full=\"Soviet Union \/ Russia - designer and primary operator of the Tu-22\" data-short=\"Origin\" style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;padding:8px 12px;border:2px solid #5C91FF;border-radius:0;background:#fff;cursor:pointer;font-family:inherit;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;color:#1a1a2e;white-space:nowrap;transition:all .25s\"><\/p>\n<div style=\"width:14px;height:14px;border-radius:3px;flex-shrink:0;background:#5C91FF\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"sr71-label\">Origin &amp; first operator<\/span><span class=\"sr71-check\" style=\"font-size:10px;opacity:1;transition:opacity .2s\">\u2713<\/span><\/button> <button class=\"sr71-toggle active\" data-cat=\"combat\" data-full=\"Combat use by export operators: Libya (Tanzania, Chad) and Iraq (Iran-Iraq War)\" data-short=\"Combat\" style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;padding:8px 12px;border:2px solid #6B8E23;border-radius:0;background:#fff;cursor:pointer;font-family:inherit;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;color:#1a1a2e;white-space:nowrap;transition:all .25s\"><\/p>\n<div style=\"width:14px;height:14px;border-radius:3px;flex-shrink:0;background:linear-gradient(135deg,#4A6741 25%,#6B8E23 25%,#6B8E23 50%,#556B2F 50%,#556B2F 75%,#8B9D77 75%);background-size:8px 8px\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"sr71-label\">Combat operations<\/span><span class=\"sr71-check\" style=\"font-size:10px;opacity:1;transition:opacity .2s\">\u2713<\/span><\/button> <button class=\"sr71-toggle\" data-cat=\"current\" data-full=\"Surviving Airframes on Display\" data-short=\"Museums\" style=\"display: none; align-items: center; gap: 6px; padding: 8px 12px; border: 2px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); border-radius: 0px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 600; color: rgb(26, 26, 46); white-space: nowrap; transition: 0.25s;\"><\/p>\n<div style=\"width:14px;height:14px;border-radius:3px;flex-shrink:0;background:#555\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"sr71-label\"><\/span><span class=\"sr71-check\" style=\"font-size:10px;opacity:1;transition:opacity .2s\">\u2713<\/span><\/button> <button class=\"sr71-toggle active\" data-cat=\"former\" data-full=\"Former operators that no longer fly the Tu-22: Russia and Ukraine\" data-short=\"Former\" style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;padding:8px 12px;border:2px solid #bbb;border-radius:0;background:#fff;cursor:pointer;font-family:inherit;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;color:#1a1a2e;white-space:nowrap;transition:all .25s\"><\/p>\n<div style=\"width:14px;height:14px;border-radius:3px;flex-shrink:0;background:#C0C0C0\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"sr71-label\">Former operators<\/span><span class=\"sr71-check\" style=\"font-size:10px;opacity:1;transition:opacity .2s\">\u2713<\/span><\/button> <\/div>\n<div id=\"sr71-count\" style=\"text-align:left;font-size:14px;color:#666;margin-top:12px;line-height:1.7;width:100%\"><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<style> #sr71-map-widget .sr71-toggle:hover{border-color:#999!important} #sr71-map-widget .sr71-toggle:not(.active){color:#999!important;border-color:#E0E0E0!important} #sr71-map-widget .sr71-toggle:not(.active) .sr71-check{opacity:0!important} #sr71-map-widget .country{fill:#E8ECF1;stroke:#C8D0DA;stroke-width:.4;transition:fill .3s,stroke .3s} #sr71-map-widget .country:hover{stroke-width:1;stroke:#999} #sr71-map-widget .country.cat-migflug{fill:#5C91FF;stroke:#3A6FD8;stroke-width:.7} #sr71-map-widget .country.cat-combat{fill:url(#camo-pattern);stroke:#4A6741;stroke-width:.7} #sr71-map-widget .country.cat-current{fill:#555;stroke:#333;stroke-width:.7} #sr71-map-widget .country.cat-former{fill:#C0C0C0;stroke:#999;stroke-width:.5} #sr71-tooltip .tt-name{font-size:15px;font-weight:700;display:block;margin-bottom:4px} #sr71-tooltip .tt-cat{font-size:11px;font-weight:400;color:#aaa;display:block;margin-bottom:6px;letter-spacing:.3px} #sr71-tooltip .tt-fleet{font-size:12px;font-weight:600;color:#ccc;display:block;margin-bottom:4px} #sr71-tooltip .tt-desc{font-size:12px;color:#ccc;line-height:1.5;display:block} #sr71-tooltip .tt-links{margin-top:6px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:4px} #sr71-tooltip .tt-links a{color:#5C91FF;font-size:12px;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:4px} #sr71-tooltip .tt-links a:hover{text-decoration:underline;color:#7AABFF} #sr71-tooltip .tt-links a::after{content:'\\2197';font-size:10px} @media(max-width:600px){ #sr71-map-widget .sr71-toggle{ padding:6px 10px!important; font-size:12px!important; gap:5px!important; } #sr71-map-widget .sr71-toggle div{ width:12px!important; height:12px!important; } #sr71-controls{ gap:6px!important; } #sr71-count{ font-size:13px!important; } #sr71-tooltip{ max-width:calc(100vw - 32px)!important; font-size:12px!important; padding:8px 12px!important; } #sr71-tooltip .tt-name{font-size:14px!important} #sr71-tooltip .tt-cat{font-size:10px!important} #sr71-tooltip .tt-fleet{font-size:11px!important} #sr71-tooltip .tt-desc{font-size:11px!important} #sr71-tooltip .tt-links a{font-size:11px!important} } @media(max-width:400px){ #sr71-map-widget .sr71-toggle{ padding:5px 8px!important; font-size:11px!important; gap:4px!important; } #sr71-map-widget .sr71-toggle div{ width:10px!important; height:10px!important; } #sr71-controls{ gap:4px!important; } } <\/style>\n<p> <script src=\"https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com\/ajax\/libs\/d3\/7.8.5\/d3.min.js\"><\/script> <script src=\"https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com\/ajax\/libs\/topojson\/3.0.2\/topojson.min.js\"><\/script> <script src=\"https:\/\/cdn.jsdelivr.net\/npm\/d3-geo-projection@4\/dist\/d3-geo-projection.min.js\"><\/script> <\/p>\n<div id=\"sr71-data\" data-js=\"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\"><\/div>\n<p><script>(function(){var el=document.getElementById(\"sr71-data\");var js=decodeURIComponent(escape(atob(el.getAttribute(\"data-js\"))));var sc=document.createElement(\"script\");sc.text=js;document.body.appendChild(sc);})();<\/script><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Combat &amp; Service Record<\/div>\n<h2>The record that defines it<\/h2>\n<p>The Tu-22 was a bomber, not a fighter, and holds no aerial victories. In Soviet service its combat use was limited, and the type is remembered as much for its accident record as for its missions. The Blinder\u2019s only significant action came in the hands of its two export customers: <strong>Libyan<\/strong> aircraft were used against Tanzania in 1979 and over Chad in the 1980s, with often negligible military results and several losses, while <strong>Iraq<\/strong> flew long-range raids on Iranian cities during the Iran\u2013Iraq War. Both campaigns caused civilian harm and cost airframes, and neither is remembered as a military success. Presented here as historical record, without endorsement.<\/p>\n<div class=\"combat\">\n<div class=\"cstat\"><b>1979<\/b><span>First combat use \u2014 Libyan raids in the Uganda\u2013Tanzania War<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"cstat\"><b>~12<\/b><span>Tu-22s exported to Iraq for Iran\u2013Iraq War use<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"cstat\"><b>~300+<\/b><span>Built \u2014 but a heavy share lost in accidents<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Compare the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/fighter-jet-combat-statistics\/\">combat record of every military aircraft<\/a>. Figures as of July 2026.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about the Tu-22 Blinder<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open=\"\">\n<summary>Can I fly in a Tu-22?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">No \u2014 the Tu-22 Blinder is a retired Soviet supersonic bomber, long out of service and preserved only in museums, so there is no way to book a flight in one. You <b>can<\/b>, however, fly in several genuine military jets today \u2014 see <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/\">migflug.com\/flights-prices\/<\/a>.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is the Tu-22 the same as the Tu-22M \u201cBackfire\u201d?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">No. The original <b>Tu-22 Blinder<\/b> is a slim, fixed-wing bomber with two engines at the base of the tail, first flown in 1958. The <b>Tu-22M Backfire<\/b> is a later, larger <b>swing-wing<\/b> bomber \u2014 a different aircraft that reused the \u201cTu-22\u201d designation. Much online \u201cTu-22\u201d combat history, including Afghanistan bombing, actually belongs to the Backfire.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How fast was the Tu-22?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">About <b>Mach 1.4<\/b> in a dash, roughly 1,510 km\/h, with some sources quoting slightly higher using the later RD-7M2 engines. It could not sustain that for long, and in service the performance gain over the subsonic Tu-16 proved smaller than hoped.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why are the engines mounted on the tail?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Placing the two turbojets at the base of the fin kept the intakes short and the wing and fuselage clean for supersonic flight. The trade-offs were a structural weight penalty and awkward maintenance, with the engines sitting high off the ground.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What missile did the Tu-22K carry?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The Tu-22K carried the <b>Kh-22<\/b> (NATO AS-4 \u201cKitchen\u201d), a large liquid-fuel, high-supersonic standoff missile designed to strike ships and land targets from hundreds of kilometres away. It was carried semi-recessed under the belly because it was too big to fit fully inside.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why did the Tu-22 have such a bad reputation?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">A high landing speed, poor forward visibility, unforgiving handling and cramped, isolated crew compartments all made it demanding to fly. Early aircraft also had <b>downward-firing ejection seats<\/b> that gave little chance of survival in a low-altitude emergency, contributing to a poor accident record.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<div class=\"ad\">\n<div class=\"adin\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The part of the collection you can touch<\/div>\n<h2>You can\u2019t fly the Tu-22.<br \/>These, you can.<\/h2>\n<p class=\"adp\">Some legends only live in museums \u2014 others are fuelled and waiting. MiGFlug has put civilians in real military jet cockpits since 2004.<\/p>\n<div class=\"car\"><button class=\"cbtn p\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('flycar').scrollBy({left:-520,behavior:'smooth'})\">\u2039<\/button><button class=\"cbtn n\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('flycar').scrollBy({left:520,behavior:'smooth'})\">\u203a<\/button><\/p>\n<div class=\"track\" id=\"flycar\"><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"Aero L-39 Albatros side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the L-39 Albatros<\/b><span>The world\u2019s most-flown jet trainer \u2014 aerobatics included<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/f104-starfighter-flight\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"Lockheed F-104 Starfighter side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the F-104 Starfighter<\/b><span>\u201cThe missile with a man in it\u201d<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/mig-21-launch\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the MiG-21<\/b><span>The Cold War\u2019s most-produced jet<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/t-33-in-canada\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"Lockheed T-33 Shooting Star side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the T-33 Shooting Star<\/b><span>America\u2019s first jet trainer<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/vampire-flight-near-london\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"de Havilland Vampire side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the DH Vampire<\/b><span>A piece of early jet history<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/s-211-jet-flight-munich\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"SIAI-Marchetti S.211 side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the S.211<\/b><span>Agile Italian jet trainer<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/l-39-mb-326-jet-provost-in-italy\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"Aermacchi MB-326 side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the MB-326<\/b><span>The classic Aermacchi jet<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/mig-15-fagot-czech-republic\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the MiG-15<\/b><span>The Soviet legend of the Korean War<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><a class=\"btn\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/\">See all flights &amp; prices<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-top:44px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Related Aircraft<\/div>\n<h2>Continue the tour<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/tu-22m-backfire\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The Namesake<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Tu-22M Backfire<\/span><span class=\"rp\">The larger swing-wing bomber that reused the Tu-22 designation \u2014 a genuinely different aircraft, and the one behind much \u201cTu-22\u201d combat lore.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Tu-22M story<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/tu-160-blackjack\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The Supersonic Successor<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Tu-160 Blackjack<\/span><span class=\"rp\">The Soviet Union\u2019s largest and fastest bomber \u2014 a variable-sweep giant that carried Cold-War strategic bombing to its extreme.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Tu-160 story<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/tu-95-bear\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The Turboprop Giant<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Tu-95 Bear<\/span><span class=\"rp\">The four-turboprop strategic bomber that outlasted every one of its supersonic stablemates and still flies for Russia today.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Tu-95 story<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/russia\/tu-22.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">GlobalSecurity.org \u2014 Tu-22 Blinder<\/a><span>Development, Kazan production, service dates and the tail-mounted engine layout.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/wmd\/world\/russia\/tu-22-variants.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">GlobalSecurity.org \u2014 Tu-22 variants<\/a><span>Variant-by-variant breakdown of the Tu-22B, K, R, P and U models.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/nuke.fas.org\/guide\/russia\/bomber\/tu-22.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Federation of American Scientists \u2014 Tu-22 Blinder<\/a><span>First flight, prototypes, specifications and assessment as a Tu-16 successor.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.defence-ua.com\/weapon_and_tech\/the_maneater_first_soviet_supersonic_bomber_with_downward_ejection_that_killed_dozens-14973.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Defense Express \u2014 the first Soviet supersonic bomber<\/a><span>Accident record, the \u201cShilo\u201d nickname, downward ejection and cockpit ergonomics.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.militaryfactory.com\/aircraft\/detail.php?aircraft_id=316\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MilitaryFactory \u2014 Tupolev Tu-22 (Blinder)<\/a><span>Dimensions, RD-7M2 thrust, top speed, production total and public debut.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.airvectors.net\/avtu22.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AirVectors (Greg Goebel) \u2014 Tu-22 Blinder &amp; Tu-22M Backfire<\/a><span>Detailed development and service narrative, and the Blinder-versus-Backfire distinction.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalmilitary.net\/aircraft\/tu-22-blinder\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">GlobalMilitary.net \u2014 Tu-22 Blinder<\/a><span>Libyan use over Chad, Iraqi deliveries and war losses, and Ukrainian retirement.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.milavia.net\/aircraft\/tu-22\/tu-22_specs.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MilAvia \u2014 Tu-22 specifications<\/a><span>Consolidated specification tables for cross-checking the hedged figures above.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div id=\"galfix71\" data-js=\"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\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n<p><script>(function(){var el=document.getElementById(\"galfix71\");var js=decodeURIComponent(escape(atob(el.getAttribute(\"data-js\"))));var sc=document.createElement(\"script\");sc.text=js;document.body.appendChild(sc);})();<\/script><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aircraft Museum \u203a Supersonic Bomber \u203a Tu-22 Blinder Tupolev Tu-22\u201cBlinder\u201d The Soviet Union\u2019s first supersonic bomber \u2014 sleek, fast and feared by its own crews, with two engines stacked at the base of the tail and a reputation for danger that outlived its service. ~Mach 1.4Top speed \u00b7 supersonic dash ~92,000 kgMax takeoff weight \u00b7 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18020,"parent":15960,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-18026","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Tupolev Tu-22 Blinder \u2014 History, Specs &amp; Stories<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Tupolev Tu-22 Blinder was the supersonic Soviet bomber its own crews feared \u2014 full history, specifications, photos and stories.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/he\/\u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05dc\u05b4\u05d9-\u05d8\u05b7\u05d9\u05b4\u05e1\/tu-22-blinder\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"he_IL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tupolev Tu-22 Blinder \u2014 History, Specs &amp; Stories\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Tupolev Tu-22 Blinder was the supersonic Soviet bomber its own crews feared \u2014 full history, specifications, photos and stories.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/he\/\u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05dc\u05b4\u05d9-\u05d8\u05b7\u05d9\u05b4\u05e1\/tu-22-blinder\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"MiGFlug\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/MiGFlug\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-08-01T08:51:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tupolev-tu-22-blinder-in-flight-1977.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1442\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@migflug\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u05d6\u05de\u05df \u05e7\u05e8\u05d9\u05d0\u05d4 \u05de\u05d5\u05e2\u05e8\u05da\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"19 \u05d3\u05e7\u05d5\u05ea\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/migflug.com\\\/aircraft\\\/tu-22-blinder\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/migflug.com\\\/aircraft\\\/tu-22-blinder\\\/\",\"name\":\"Tupolev Tu-22 Blinder \u2014 History, Specs & Stories\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/migflug.com\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/migflug.com\\\/aircraft\\\/tu-22-blinder\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/migflug.com\\\/aircraft\\\/tu-22-blinder\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\/\\/migflug.com\\/wp-content\\/uploads\\/2026\\/07\\/tupolev-tu-22-blinder-in-flight-1977.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-20T12:04:59+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-08-01T08:51:45+00:00\",\"description\":\"The Tupolev Tu-22 Blinder was the supersonic Soviet bomber its own crews feared \u2014 full history, specifications, photos and stories.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/migflug.com\\\/aircraft\\\/tu-22-blinder\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"he-IL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/migflug.com\\\/aircraft\\\/tu-22-blinder\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"he-IL\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/migflug.com\\\/aircraft\\\/tu-22-blinder\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\/\\/migflug.com\\/wp-content\\/uploads\\/2026\\/07\\/tupolev-tu-22-blinder-in-flight-1977.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\/\\/migflug.com\\/wp-content\\/uploads\\/2026\\/07\\/tupolev-tu-22-blinder-in-flight-1977.jpg\",\"width\":1920,\"height\":1442,\"caption\":\"Libyan Tu-22 Blinder in flight, shadowed by a US Navy F-4 Phantom, 1977. Photo: U.S. Navy - Public domain\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/migflug.com\\\/aircraft\\\/tu-22-blinder\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Startseite\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/migflug.com\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Book of Beasts \u2014 The Big Military Aircraft Encyclopedia\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/migflug.com\\\/aircraft\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Tupolev Tu-22 Blinder \u2014 History, Specs &#038; Stories\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/migflug.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/migflug.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"MiGFlug\",\"description\":\"Fly a Jet Fighter Yourself\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/migflug.com\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/migflug.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"he-IL\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/migflug.com\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"MiGFlug GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/migflug.com\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"he-IL\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/migflug.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\/\\/migflug.com\\/wp-content\\/uploads\\/2018\\/10\\/logo-migflug-blue.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\/\\/migflug.com\\/wp-content\\/uploads\\/2018\\/10\\/logo-migflug-blue.png\",\"width\":200,\"height\":100,\"caption\":\"MiGFlug GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/migflug.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/MiGFlug\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/migflug\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/migflug\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/user\\\/MiGFlug\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/company\\\/migflug.com\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.ch\\\/migflug\\\/\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Tupolev Tu-22 Blinder \u2014 History, Specs & Stories","description":"The Tupolev Tu-22 Blinder was the supersonic Soviet bomber its own crews feared \u2014 full history, specifications, photos and stories.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/he\/\u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05dc\u05b4\u05d9-\u05d8\u05b7\u05d9\u05b4\u05e1\/tu-22-blinder\/","og_locale":"he_IL","og_type":"article","og_title":"Tupolev Tu-22 Blinder \u2014 History, Specs & Stories","og_description":"The Tupolev Tu-22 Blinder was the supersonic Soviet bomber its own crews feared \u2014 full history, specifications, photos and stories.","og_url":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/he\/\u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05dc\u05b4\u05d9-\u05d8\u05b7\u05d9\u05b4\u05e1\/tu-22-blinder\/","og_site_name":"MiGFlug","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/MiGFlug\/","article_modified_time":"2026-08-01T08:51:45+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1920,"height":1442,"url":"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tupolev-tu-22-blinder-in-flight-1977.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_site":"@migflug","twitter_misc":{"\u05d6\u05de\u05df \u05e7\u05e8\u05d9\u05d0\u05d4 \u05de\u05d5\u05e2\u05e8\u05da":"19 \u05d3\u05e7\u05d5\u05ea"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/tu-22-blinder\/","url":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/tu-22-blinder\/","name":"Tupolev Tu-22 Blinder \u2014 History, Specs & Stories","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/tu-22-blinder\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/tu-22-blinder\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tupolev-tu-22-blinder-in-flight-1977.jpg","datePublished":"2026-07-20T12:04:59+00:00","dateModified":"2026-08-01T08:51:45+00:00","description":"The Tupolev Tu-22 Blinder was the supersonic Soviet bomber its own crews feared \u2014 full history, specifications, photos and stories.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/tu-22-blinder\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"he-IL","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/tu-22-blinder\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"he-IL","@id":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/tu-22-blinder\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tupolev-tu-22-blinder-in-flight-1977.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tupolev-tu-22-blinder-in-flight-1977.jpg","width":1920,"height":1442,"caption":"Libyan Tu-22 Blinder in flight, shadowed by a US Navy F-4 Phantom, 1977. Photo: U.S. Navy - Public domain"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/tu-22-blinder\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Startseite","item":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Book of Beasts \u2014 The Big Military Aircraft Encyclopedia","item":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Tupolev Tu-22 Blinder \u2014 History, Specs &#038; Stories"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/","name":"\u05de\u05d9\u05d2\u05e4\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2","description":"\u05d8\u05e1\u05d5 \u05d1\u05e2\u05e6\u05de\u05db\u05dd \u05de\u05d8\u05d5\u05e1 \u05e7\u05e8\u05d1","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"he-IL"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/#organization","name":"MiGFlug GmbH","url":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"he-IL","@id":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/logo-migflug-blue.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/logo-migflug-blue.png","width":200,"height":100,"caption":"MiGFlug GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/MiGFlug\/","https:\/\/x.com\/migflug","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/migflug\/","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/MiGFlug","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/migflug.com\/","https:\/\/www.pinterest.ch\/migflug\/"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/he\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18026","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/he\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/he\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/he\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/he\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18026"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/he\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18026\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19594,"href":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/he\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18026\/revisions\/19594"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/he\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15960"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/he\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18020"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/he\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18026"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}