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col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt td.note{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td.note{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt td.note{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob-base{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob-base:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .ocx{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .ocx::before,#mfam .ocx::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .ocx::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open .ocx::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:220px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam .pq{margin:0;max-width:900px} #mfam .pq blockquote{margin:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-size:clamp(21px,2.6vw,28px);line-height:1.42;color:#fff;letter-spacing:-.2px} #mfam .pq blockquote:before{content:'\\201C';color:var(--blue);margin-right:2px} #mfam .pq blockquote:after{content:'\\201D';color:var(--blue);margin-left:2px} #mfam .pq figcaption{margin-top:20px;font-size:14px;color:#98a2b3;line-height:1.6} #mfam .pq figcaption b{color:#fff;font-size:14px} #mfam .pq figcaption span{display:block;color:#7c8697;font-size:13px} #mfam .pq figcaption a{color:#9db9ff;border-bottom:1px solid #3f4d6b} #mfam .pqrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:40px;max-width:1120px} #mfam .pqrow .pq blockquote{font-size:clamp(18px,2vw,21px)} #mfam .galgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:18px;margin-top:8px} #mfam .galgrid figure{margin:0;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .galgrid .gim{display:block;height:210px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .galgrid figcaption{padding:14px 16px 16px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .galgrid figcaption b{display:block;color:#0d1117;font-size:14.5px;margin-bottom:4px} #mfam .galgrid figcaption span{display:block;margin-top:7px;font-size:11.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.5} #mfam .galgrid figure.wide{grid-column:span 2} #mfam .galgrid figure.wide .gim{height:300px} #mfam .vidwrap{max-width:900px;margin-top:8px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#0d1117} #mfam .vidfr{position:relative;width:100%;padding-top:56.25%;height:0;display:block} #mfam .vidfr iframe{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;display:block} #mfam .vidcap{padding:16px 20px;font-size:14px;color:#98a2b3;line-height:1.6;background:#0d1117} #mfam .vidcap b{display:block;color:#fff;font-size:15px;margin-bottom:4px} #mfam .vidcap a{color:#9db9ff;border-bottom:1px solid #3f4d6b} #mfam .reads{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:18px;margin-top:8px} #mfam .read{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);padding:22px 22px 24px} #mfam .read:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .read .rk{display:block;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:2px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);margin-bottom:9px} #mfam .read .rh{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy 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.satfig{cursor:zoom-in;position:relative}#mfam .satzoom{position:absolute;right:0;bottom:0;z-index:2;background:rgba(8,11,17,.72);color:#fff;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:9px 14px;line-height:1}#mfam .satlb{position:fixed;inset:0;z-index:99999;background:rgba(6,9,14,.95);display:none;align-items:center;justify-content:center;cursor:zoom-out;padding:24px}#mfam .satlb.on{display:flex}#mfam .satbig{width:96vw;height:90vh;background-position:center;background-size:contain;background-repeat:no-repeat}#mfam .satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero photo\">\n<div class=\"heroimg ph1\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; France<\/div>\n<h1>French Naval Aviation<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">A&#233;ronautique navale &middot; Aviation navale<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">The A&#233;ronautique navale is the only air arm outside the United States Navy that catapults a home-designed fighter off a nuclear-powered carrier and traps it back on with arrestor wires &mdash; about 200 aircraft and 4,450 sailors, four flying bases, and one ship, the <em>Charles de Gaulle<\/em>, that lets France put a full air group with its own airborne early warning anywhere in the world. Everything else in the service, from the Atlantique 2 that shadows submarines for the deterrent to the Dauphin that winches fishermen out of the Channel, hangs off that single argument: that a navy which cannot fly its own aeroplanes from its own deck is a navy that has to ask.<\/p>\n<div class=\"marks\">\n<div class=\"mcol\">\n<div class=\"mark\"><svg class=\"rondel\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"French national marking: the cocarde, blue centre, white ring, red outer\"><circle cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"49\" fill=\"#c8102e\"\/><circle cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"32.7\" fill=\"#ffffff\"\/><circle cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"16.3\" fill=\"#0d2a6b\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"mk\">National marking<b>The cocarde &mdash; blue centre, white ring, red outer &mdash; carried by every French military aircraft since 1912<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mark\"><svg class=\"rondel\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"French naval marking: the cocarde with a black anchor\"><circle cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"49\" fill=\"#c8102e\"\/><circle cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"32.7\" fill=\"#ffffff\"\/><circle cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"16.3\" fill=\"#0d2a6b\"\/><path d=\"M50 30.5a4.4 4.4 0 1 1 0 8.8 4.4 4.4 0 0 1 0-8.8zm-2 9.6h4v22.3c6.2-1.1 10.6-5.4 11.6-11.4l-4.2 1.1 6.2-8.2 6.2 8.2-4.2-1.1c-1.2 9.6-8.4 16.2-19.6 17.2-11.2-1-18.4-7.6-19.6-17.2l-4.2 1.1 6.2-8.2 6.2 8.2-4.2-1.1c1 6 5.4 10.3 11.6 11.4V40.1zm-9.8-3.4h19.6v4.2H38.2z\" fill=\"#10141b\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"mk\">Naval marking<b>A black anchor superimposed on the cocarde. The practice became general between 1940 and 1945 and is what distinguishes a naval aircraft from an air force one at a glance<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mark\"><svg class=\"rondel\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Low-visibility grey naval cocarde\"><circle cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"49\" fill=\"#6f7a8a\"\/><circle cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"32.7\" fill=\"#aeb6c2\"\/><circle cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"16.3\" fill=\"#6f7a8a\"\/><path d=\"M50 30.5a4.4 4.4 0 1 1 0 8.8 4.4 4.4 0 0 1 0-8.8zm-2 9.6h4v22.3h-4z\" fill=\"#39424f\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"mk\">Low-visibility<b>A subdued grey cocarde with a grey anchor on Rafale M, NH90 and Panther since the 1990s; the rescue Dauphins go the other way, with bright orange fins<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mark\"><svg class=\"finflash tall\" viewBox=\"0 0 40 48\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"French fin marking: the code 11F, wing or base number and aircraft letter\"><path d=\"M4 46 L15 6 H34 V46 Z\" fill=\"#39424f\"\/><path d=\"M15 6 H34 V14 H12.75 Z\" fill=\"#0d2a6b\"\/><rect x=\"15\" y=\"14.4\" width=\"19\" height=\"1.2\" fill=\"#c8102e\"\/><text x=\"24.5\" y=\"31\" text-anchor=\"middle\" font-family=\"Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif\" font-size=\"7.2\" font-weight=\"700\" fill=\"#ffffff\">11F<\/text><\/svg><span class=\"mk\">Unit marking<b>Flottille badges on the fin &mdash; a tiger for 11F, an ace of clubs for 12F, a wasp for 17F &mdash; with a two-digit modex on the nose rather than the air force&rsquo;s wing-and-letter code<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>47<\/b><span>Combat aircraft<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>11<\/b><span>Active air bases<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1912<\/b><span>Founded<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>21<\/b><span>Types retired<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"photocred\">Petty Officer 2nd Class John Wagner, US Navy, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Country<\/b>France<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Founded<\/b>1912<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Status<\/b>Active<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Headquarters<\/b>Toulon (ALAVIA), with the four flying bases in Brittany and Provence<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Commander<\/b>Contre-amiral David Desfoug&#232;res<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>The French Naval Aviation story: one nuclear carrier, one home-built fighter, and a ship called <em>France libre<\/em><\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1910&ndash;1918: the <em>Foudre<\/em>, a decree of 20 March 1912, and 1,135 aeroplanes by the Armistice<\/h3>\n<p>France was arguing about naval aviation before it had any aeroplanes worth arguing about. In April 1910 the navy minister, Vice-amiral Auguste Bou&#233; de Lapeyr&#232;re, put together a commission to decide whether the fleet needed airships or aeroplanes; its report of 1 July 1910 came down for aeroplanes and sketched a ship with a launching rail forward and a landing platform aft. The service of maritime aviation was created by decree on 20 March 1912, with one converted cruiser, the <em>Foudre<\/em>, a stretch of marsh at the mouth of the Argens that became Fr&#233;jus-Saint-Rapha&#235;l, and two aircraft &mdash; a Maurice Farman biplane and a Canard Voisin floatplane. The A&#233;ronautique navale still dates its birthday from that decree. The Great War turned the experiment into an industry: flying boats hunting U-boats out of Camaret, Dunkerque and Bizerte, airships and kite balloons over the convoys. By 11 November 1918 French maritime aviation had 1,135 aeroplanes, about thirty airships, some 200 Caquot balloons, 11,000 people and thirty-two shore bases. Two hundred and forty aircrew had been killed.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1920&ndash;1945: Paul Teste lands on the <em>B&#233;arn<\/em>, and then the catastrophe<\/h3>\n<p>The thing France could not do in 1918 was land on a ship. On 25 October 1918 Lieutenant de vaisseau Georges Guierre got a Hanriot HD.2 off and back onto a platform at Saint-Rapha&#235;l; a fortnight later Enseigne de vaisseau Paul Teste crashed doing the same thing and the platforms came down the next day. Teste was the man who finally settled it. On 20 October 1920, flying a Hanriot off Le Palyvestre at Hy&#232;res, he found the <em>B&#233;arn<\/em> in Toulon roads with a white stripe painted down her deck, cut the throttle half a metre up and stopped inside thirty metres. The Marine nationale treats that landing as the founding act of French carrier aviation, and the base he took off from is still a naval air station. The <em>B&#233;arn<\/em> herself &mdash; an unfinished <em>Normandie<\/em>-class battleship hull converted under the Washington Treaty &mdash; commissioned on 1 May 1928, and France then spent the 1930s building the wrong aeroplanes for her. In 1940 the carrier was carrying American aircraft to the Caribbean when the armistice caught her; naval aviators fought the Battle of France from shore fields, and the arm was effectively dismantled.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1946&ndash;1962: American hand-me-downs, Indochina, Suez and Algeria<\/h3>\n<p>Rebuilding was done with other people&rsquo;s aircraft. Between 1945 and 1960 the A&#233;ronautique navale flew Supermarine Seafires, Grumman Hellcats, Curtiss Helldivers, TBM Avengers, PB4Y Privateers, Lockheed Neptunes and, above all, the Chance Vought Corsair &mdash; 69 AU-1s and 94 F4U-7s, making France the last military operator of the type, which it kept flying until 1964. Those aircraft went to war almost continuously. In Indochina the escort carriers <em>Dixmude<\/em>, <em>Arromanches<\/em>, <em>La Fayette<\/em> and <em>Bois Belleau<\/em> ran campaign after campaign from 1947 to 1955, including close air support during the battle of &#272;i&#7879;n Bi&#234;n Ph&#7911;; in May and June 1954 alone the Corsairs flew 959 sorties and 1,335 hours, dropped more than 700 tonnes of bombs and 700 canisters of napalm, and lost six aircraft and two pilots. At Suez in November 1956 the <em>Arromanches<\/em> and <em>La Fayette<\/em> put up Corsairs and Avengers against Egyptian airfields and armour, covering the drops at al-Raswa and Port-Fouad. In Algeria, naval Neptunes, Lancasters and Privateers from Lartigue, Karouba and Port-Lyautey watched the coast and the electrified border fences for seven years.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1962&ndash;2000: the &#201;tendard, the Crusader and the Aliz&#233; &mdash; and a nuclear weapon at sea<\/h3>\n<p>The all-French carrier navy arrived with the <em>Clemenceau<\/em> in 1961 and the <em>Foch<\/em> in 1963, and with a trio of aircraft that defined the service for forty years: the Breguet Aliz&#233; for anti-submarine work, the Dassault &#201;tendard IV for strike and reconnaissance, and &mdash; because no French fighter existed &mdash; 42 Vought F-8E(FN) Crusaders bought in 1964 after the money for a third missile frigate was cancelled to pay for them. A new base was built in Brittany to hold them: BAN Landivisiau, opened by Charles de Gaulle on 1 February 1965, so that the carriers lying at Brest would have their fighters thirty kilometres away. From 1978 the Super &#201;tendard replaced the &#201;tendard IV, and with it came something no other European navy had: from the mid-1980s the carrier air group carried the AN-52 free-fall nuclear bomb and then the ASMP missile, making France the only country besides the United States and Russia with a naval air-delivered nuclear weapon. The naval component of the deterrent, the Force a&#233;ronavale nucl&#233;aire, is a task organisation, not a unit &mdash; when the president orders it, ALAVIA&rsquo;s squadrons and the carrier are placed under it.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">2001&ndash;2016: the <em>Charles de Gaulle<\/em>, Task Force 473 and the end of the Super &#201;tendard<\/h3>\n<p>The <em>Charles de Gaulle<\/em> commissioned on 18 May 2001 and went to war within seven months. Task Force 473 sailed from Toulon on 1 December 2001 for Operation H&#233;racl&#232;s with sixteen Super &#201;tendard, one E-2C Hawkeye and two Rafale M F1 still under trial; between 19 December 2001 and 19 June 2002 the air group flew 165 close air support missions, 100 reconnaissance, 126 airborne early warning and 120 tanker sorties over Afghanistan, more than 2,700 flying hours in all. Over Libya in 2011 the same task force number covered 148 days away, 138 of them at sea including 63 without a break, and generated 1,350 sorties, 3,600 flying hours and 2,380 catapult launches and arrested landings from ten Rafale M, six Super &#201;tendard Modernis&#233; and two Hawkeyes. From 2015 the carrier joined the campaign against Islamic State, reinforcing Op&#233;ration Chammal eight separate times between January 2015 and December 2022. The Super &#201;tendard flew its last catapult launch on 16 March 2016 and was retired at Landivisiau on 12 July 2016 after thirty-eight years, leaving all three fighter flottilles &mdash; 11F, 12F and 17F &mdash; on the Rafale M.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">2017&ndash;2026: all-Rafale, the Indo-Pacific, and the ship called <em>France libre<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>Today the A&#233;ronautique navale is a small force with an outsized reach. The 2017&ndash;18 mid-life refit rebuilt the carrier around a single fighter type and a new combat system; a third major refit follows in 2027, bringing the Sea Fire 500 radar and the SETIS 3.0 combat system. In between, the ship has taken the group to the Indo-Pacific: mission Clemenceau 25, from 28 November 2024 to 25 April 2025, ran the Pacific Steller exercise with two American and Japanese decks and a hundred aircraft, flew Rafale into Darwin from 2,000 km away, and worked with the Indian carrier <em>Vikrant<\/em> in Varuna. The equipment is turning over all at once: 18 Atlantique 2 finished the Standard 6 upgrade in February 2026, the first two Falcon 2000 LXS Albatros arrived on 8 September 2026, three E-2D Advanced Hawkeyes are due from 2027, and the H160M Gu&#233;pard is meant to replace the leased Dauphins from the end of the decade. The Rafale M, though, is the problem: the navy got the first Rafales and so must replace them first, and the updated planning law pushes its F5 aircraft towards 2038 &mdash; the year the successor ship, named <em>France libre<\/em> by President Macron on 18 March 2026, is due to commission.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"pull\">The thing France could not do in 1918 was land on a ship. On 25 October 1918 Lieutenant de vaisseau Georges Guierre got a Hanriot HD.2 off and back onto a platform at Saint-Rapha&#235;l; a fortnight later Enseigne de vaisseau Paul Teste crashed doing the same thing and the platforms came down the next day.<cite>French Naval Aviation &middot; verified 2026-09-13<\/cite><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>The French Naval Aviation in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Service<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Native name<\/dt>\n<dd>A&#233;ronautique navale<\/p>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Formally: Force maritime de l&rsquo;a&#233;ronautique navale<\/li>\n<li>Also Aviation navale, or simply <em>l&rsquo;A&#233;ro<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Its people call themselves <em>les marins du ciel<\/em> &mdash; the sailors of the sky &mdash; and wear a penguin on the sleeve badge. The force takes the navy motto, <em>Honneur, Patrie, Valeur, Discipline<\/em>.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Founded<\/dt>\n<dd>20 March 1912<span class=\"gnote\">The decree of 20 March 1912 created the <em>service de l&rsquo;aviation maritime<\/em>, giving it a shore aerodrome at Fr&#233;jus-Saint-Rapha&#235;l, the seaplane carrier <em>Foudre<\/em> and two aircraft. A further decree of 10 July 1914 organised it as the <em>service de l&rsquo;a&#233;ronautique maritime<\/em>. The present force dates from 19 June 1998, when carrier aviation and maritime patrol aviation were merged.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Part of<\/dt>\n<dd>Marine nationale<span class=\"gnote\">One of the four components of the French Navy alongside the surface action force, the submarine force and the <em>fusiliers marins<\/em> and commandos. It is entirely separate from the Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace, which has its own Rafale fleet, and from the army&rsquo;s ALAT.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Commander<\/dt>\n<dd>Contre-amiral David Desfoug&#232;res (ALAVIA)<span class=\"gnote\">Amiral commandant la force de l&rsquo;a&#233;ronautique navale, based at Toulon, responsible for administration, training and operational readiness. In command since 27 August 2025.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Organisation<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Groupe a&#233;rien embarqu&#233; (GA&#233;) &mdash; the carrier air group: 11F, 12F, 17F and 4F<\/li>\n<li>Patrouille et surveillance maritime &mdash; 21F, 23F, 24F, 25F<\/li>\n<li>Helicopters &mdash; 31F, 32F, 33F, 34F, 35F, 36F<\/li>\n<li>Support and training &mdash; 28F, escadrilles 50S and 57S, CEPA\/10S<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Governed by instruction no. 24\/DEF\/EMM\/ROJ of 11 October 2021, published in the Bulletin officiel des arm&#233;es on 29 October 2021. Units are <em>flottilles<\/em> (front-line squadrons) and <em>escadrilles<\/em> (support and training squadrons).<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>The nuclear question<\/dt>\n<dd>FANu is a task force, not a unit<span class=\"gnote\">The Force a&#233;ronavale nucl&#233;aire is the naval air component of the deterrent: when the president orders it, the carrier and Rafale M squadrons that normally answer to ALAVIA are placed under a dedicated command to deliver the ASMPA-R missile. The A&#233;ronautique navale is the arm; the FANu is a posture it can be put into. They are not the same thing, and no aircraft is permanently assigned to the FANu.<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Strength<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Personnel<\/dt>\n<dd>about 4,450<span class=\"gnote\">The figure the navy used at the August 2025 change of command. Its recruiting service gives about 4,500 <em>marins du ciel<\/em> across seventeen specialisations, from carrier fighter pilot to flight-deck director &mdash; the <em>chiens jaunes<\/em>, the yellow-shirted deck handlers. In 2011 the force counted 6,824 people; it has shrunk by about a third since.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>about 200<\/p>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>The navy&rsquo;s own count at the August 2025 change of command<\/li>\n<li>Its recruiting service publishes 178<\/li>\n<li>Roughly 160 of those are front-line, the rest training, liaison and leased<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">The spread is real and depends on whether leased helicopters, drones and the outsourced trainers are counted. Neither figure is broken down by type in the same document.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Carrier fighters<\/dt>\n<dd>41&ndash;42 Rafale M<span class=\"gnote\">Sources genuinely disagree: opex360 reported 42 in May 2026 and 41 in July 2026, and the navy&rsquo;s own &ldquo;recognised format&rdquo; is 51. Three flottilles of about fifteen aircraft each, one of which is always in regeneration ashore. Four Rafale M have been lost in accidents since 2001.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Maritime patrol<\/dt>\n<dd>18 Atlantique 2 at Standard 6<span class=\"gnote\">Out of a fleet of 19 at 31 December 2025 in the ministry&rsquo;s Chiffres cl&#233;s de la D&#233;fense 2026, down from 21 a year earlier; 22 were built, and the airframes not taken to Standard 6 are held as a spares reserve. The eighteenth and last upgraded aircraft was handed over at Lann-Bihou&#233; on 17&ndash;18 February 2026 and the type is planned to serve to about 2035.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Airborne early warning<\/dt>\n<dd>3 E-2C Hawkeye 2000<span class=\"gnote\">The only carrier-borne AEW aircraft outside the United States Navy. Three E-2D Advanced Hawkeyes were contracted in December 2021 for about 360 million dollars; the first is due in 2027.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Lives saved<\/dt>\n<dd>about 300 a year<span class=\"gnote\">The figure the navy publishes for search and rescue by the Dauphin and Ca&#239;man flottilles across the Channel, Atlantic, Mediterranean and overseas d&#233;partements. Naval aviation holds the SAR alert on several French coastlines on behalf of the state.<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Infrastructure<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Naval air bases<\/dt>\n<dd>4 bases d&rsquo;a&#233;ronautique navale<\/p>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>BAN Landivisiau (Finist&#232;re) &mdash; carrier fighters<\/li>\n<li>BAN Lann-Bihou&#233; (Morbihan) &mdash; maritime patrol and AEW<\/li>\n<li>BAN Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic (Finist&#232;re) &mdash; helicopters and the naval academy<\/li>\n<li>BAN Hy&#232;res-Le Palyvestre (Var) &mdash; helicopters, Mediterranean<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Down from nine metropolitan bases in 1971. N&#238;mes-Garons closed on 1 July 2011, Saint-Mandrier in 2004, Cuers-Pierrefeu on 1 October 1997, Fr&#233;jus-Saint-Rapha&#235;l in 1995 and Aspretto on 22 September 1993.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Detachments<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Cherbourg-Maupertus &mdash; H160 of flottille 32F<\/li>\n<li>Le Touquet and La Rochelle &mdash; Dauphin SP of flottille 35F<\/li>\n<li>Tahiti-Faa&rsquo;a, Noum&#233;a-La Tontouta, La R&#233;union, Martinique &mdash; Falcon, Dauphin and Panther<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Overseas naval aviation lives on air force or civil airfields rather than on bases of its own. The Falcon 200 Gardian flew its farewell in French Polynesia in March 2026 and was replaced by two Falcon 50M.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>The carrier<\/dt>\n<dd><em>Charles de Gaulle<\/em> (R91), 42,500 t<span class=\"gnote\">The only nuclear-powered carrier outside the United States Navy and the only non-American ship with catapults, arrestor wires and fixed-wing airborne early warning. Two American C13-3 steam catapults, three arrestor wires, up to 40 aircraft. Third major refit due 2027; a successor, <em>France libre<\/em>, is planned for 2038.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Longest runway<\/dt>\n<dd>2,700 m at Landivisiau<span class=\"gnote\">Short by air force standards &mdash; carrier pilots do not need length, they need a painted deck outline and a mirror. Landivisiau and Lann-Bihou&#233; both have simulated carrier landing markings; Landivisiau also has a full flight-deck ground marking for &ldquo;carrier weeks&rdquo;.<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"structure\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Structure<\/div>\n<h2>How the French Naval Aviation is organised<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">One organic commander at Toulon, four flying bases, ten flottilles and three escadrilles. <span class=\"imp\">The unusual one is the FANu, the naval nuclear task force &mdash; not a unit but a posture that the carrier and its Rafale squadrons can be placed into on presidential order.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"org\">\n<div class=\"cmdcard\"><span class=\"cface mono\">CD<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"cmdtx\"><span class=\"crank\">Contre-amiral<\/span><b>Contre-amiral David Desfoug&#232;res<\/b><span class=\"cmeta\">Amiral commandant la force de l&rsquo;a&#233;ronautique navale (ALAVIA) &middot; in office since 2025<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"cmdorg\"><span>Force maritime de l&rsquo;a&#233;ronautique navale (ALAVIA)<\/span><em>A&#233;ronautique navale<\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgrow\">\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Command<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Force maritime de l&rsquo;a&#233;ronautique navale (ALAVIA)<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">ALAVIA<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Toulon<\/div>\n<p>The organic command of French naval aviation: administration, training and operational readiness for every naval aircraft, drone and air base. Created in its present form on 19 June 1998 by the merger of carrier aviation and maritime patrol aviation, and organised by instruction no. 24\/DEF\/EMM\/ROJ of 11 October 2021.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Carrier air group<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Groupe a&#233;rien embarqu&#233;<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">GA&#233;<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Embarked \/ BAN Landivisiau<\/div>\n<p>The air group that embarks in the <em>Charles de Gaulle<\/em>: three Rafale M flottilles from Landivisiau, the E-2C Hawkeyes of 4F from Lann-Bihou&#233;, and helicopter detachments. Up to 40 aircraft. When the ship is unavailable the same formation trains ashore as the GAETAN.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Nuclear<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Force a&#233;ronavale nucl&#233;aire<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">FANu<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Activated as ordered<\/div>\n<p>The naval air component of the French deterrent. Not a standing unit but a task organisation: on presidential order, the carrier and its Rafale M squadrons are placed under a dedicated command to deliver the ASMPA-R stand-off missile. Distinct from the A&#233;ronautique navale itself, and from the air force&rsquo;s Forces a&#233;riennes strat&#233;giques.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Maritime patrol<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Patrouille maritime<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">PATMAR<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">BAN Lann-Bihou&#233;<\/div>\n<p>Flottilles 21F and 23F with the Atlantique 2 at Lann-Bihou&#233;: anti-submarine and anti-surface warfare, intelligence gathering, protection of the ballistic-missile submarine force, and overland strike with laser-guided bombs.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Maritime surveillance<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Surveillance maritime<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">SURMAR<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">BAN Lann-Bihou&#233; and overseas<\/div>\n<p>Flottilles 24F and 25F with the Falcon 50M, the Falcon 200 Gardian and now the Falcon 2000 LXS Albatros: policing the French exclusive economic zones at home and overseas, fishery and traffic control, pollution watch and search and rescue.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Embarked helicopters<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>H&#233;licopt&#232;res embarqu&#233;s<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">BAN Hy&#232;res and BAN Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic<\/div>\n<p>Flottilles 31F and 33F on the NH90 Ca&#239;man Marine and 36F on the AS565 Panther, which arm the frigates and the carrier. Anti-submarine and anti-surface warfare, counter-piracy, counter-narcotics and special operations.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Rescue and support<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Recherche et sauvetage, soutien<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">SAR<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">BAN Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic and BAN Hy&#232;res<\/div>\n<p>Flottilles 32F, 34F and 35F on the H160 and the Dauphin: state search and rescue alert on the French coasts and overseas, shipborne support for the replenishment and amphibious ships, and the embarked helicopter school. About 300 lives saved a year.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Drones<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Syst&#232;me de drone a&#233;rien de la Marine<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">SDAM<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">BAN Hy&#232;res and embarked<\/div>\n<p>Flottille 36F operates the Schiebel Camcopter S-100 from the amphibious assault ships and, from 2026, the FREMM frigates; the Aliaca mini-drone flies from patrol vessels and surveillance frigates, and six Airbus VSR700 are due from 2028.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Trials<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Centre d&rsquo;exp&#233;rimentations pratiques et de r&#233;ception de l&rsquo;a&#233;ronautique navale<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">CEPA \/ 10S<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">BAN Hy&#232;res<\/div>\n<p>Acceptance and operational trials for every naval type, with about 180 military and 50 civilian staff. Its current work runs from clearing the Falcon 2000 Albatros to additive manufacturing of spare parts and data and AI tools for maintenance.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Training<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>&#201;cole du personnel du pont d&rsquo;envol and escadrille 50S<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">EPPE<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">BAN Hy&#232;res and BAN Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic<\/div>\n<p>The flight-deck school at Hy&#232;res, which trains the <em>chiens jaunes<\/em> and every deck sailor, and escadrille 50S at Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic, which gives officer cadets from the &#201;cole navale their first flights. Carrier pilots qualify with the United States Navy at NAS Meridian, Mississippi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"fleet\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">In service<\/div>\n<h2>What the French Naval Aviation flies today<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every type on charge, linked to its Book of Beasts page where one exists. <span class=\"imp\">Counts are aircraft on the books, not aircraft available on a given day.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-role\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-yr\">\n<col class=\"c-units\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">In service<\/th>\n<th>Since<\/th>\n<th>Units<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/rafale\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph2\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/rafale\/\">Dassault Rafale M<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Omnirole carrier fighter: air defence, strike, reconnaissance, buddy refuelling and nuclear delivery<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">41<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">2001<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">41&ndash;42. Opex360 reported 42 in May 2026 and 41 in July 2026; the navy&rsquo;s stated &ldquo;recognised format&rdquo; is 51. Four have been lost in accidents since 2001. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>One further airframe is used as a trials aircraft.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph3\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Northrop Grumman E-2C Hawkeye 2000<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Carrier-borne airborne early warning and air control<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">3<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1998<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Three aircraft, all with flottille 4F at Lann-Bihou&#233;; two normally embark.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph4\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Dassault-Breguet Atlantique 2 (ATL2)<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Maritime patrol: anti-submarine and anti-surface warfare, intelligence, overland strike<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">19<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1989<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">18 modernised to Standard 6, the last delivered to Lann-Bihou&#233; on 17&ndash;18 February 2026. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>The total airframe count is given as 21 or 22 depending on the source; the four not upgraded are kept as a spares reserve, a consequence of budget limits in the 2019&ndash;2025 planning law.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph5\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Dassault Falcon 50M Surmar<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Maritime surveillance, search and rescue, fishery and traffic policing<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">8<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">2000<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Eight aircraft with flottille 24F at Lann-Bihou&#233;; two have been sent to French Polynesia to take over from the Falcon 200 Gardian.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph6\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Dassault Falcon 200 Gardian<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Overseas maritime surveillance<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">3<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1983<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Four on charge, about two still flying. The Polynesian detachment held its farewell on 18 March 2026; the remaining aircraft at Noum&#233;a-La Tontouta are due to give up the role in 2027.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph7\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Dassault Falcon 2000 LXS Albatros<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Maritime surveillance and intervention (AVSIMAR)<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">2<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">The first two were handed over on 8 September 2026, five days before this page was verified. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>A third is due before the end of 2026, then about two a year; the total order stands at 11 after being cut from 13, then 12, in the updated 2024&ndash;2030 planning law.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph8\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Dassault Falcon 10 MER<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Instrument flying training for fighter pilots, liaison, radar training target<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">6<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1975<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Six on charge, about four flying, with escadrille 57S at Landivisiau. In service since May 1975.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph9\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Pilatus PC-24 Balbuzard<span class=\"nflag nf2\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Switzerland\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Liaison, instrument training and maritime search support<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">2<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Three leased from Jet Aviation under a contract notified in late August 2025 for about ten years; the first was delivered on 16 March 2026.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph10\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Embraer EMB-121 Xingu<span class=\"nflag nf9\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Brazil\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Multi-engine training, liaison and light transport<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">8<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1983<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Eight with flottille 28F at Lann-Bihou&#233;, with a detachment at Hy&#232;res.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph11\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Mudry CAP 10<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Initial flying training and aerobatic screening<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">6<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1995<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Six with escadrille 50S at Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph12\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Cirrus SR20 \/ SR22<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Ab initio flying training<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">3<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">2010<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Three, on an outsourced fleet contract, with escadrille 50S.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph13\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>NHIndustries NH90 Ca&#239;man Marine (NFH)<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Anti-submarine and anti-surface warfare, combat search and rescue, special operations<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">27<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">2010<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">27 delivered between 30 April 2010 and 2021, split between flottille 31F at Hy&#232;res and flottille 33F at Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph14\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Airbus Helicopters H160<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Search and rescue, maritime surveillance and support<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">6<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">2022<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Six leased from Babcock for flottille 32F at Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic, with detachments at Hy&#232;res and Cherbourg-Maupertus.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph15\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Airbus Helicopters AS365 N3 \/ N3+ Dauphin<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Shipborne support, embarked helicopter training<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">9<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">2021<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">About 11 N3+ leased from DCI and H&#233;li-Union plus 5 N3 leased from NHV, all with flottille 34F at Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic and detachments at Hy&#232;res, La R&#233;union, Noum&#233;a and Tahiti.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph16\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>A&#233;rospatiale SA365 N \/ AS365 N3+ Dauphin SP<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Search and rescue and support<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">8<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1990<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Six SA365 N and two AS365 N3+ with flottille 35F at Hy&#232;res, detached to Le Touquet, La Rochelle and Tahiti-Faa&rsquo;a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph17\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>A&#233;rospatiale SA365 F Dauphin Pedro<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Plane-guard rescue helicopter for carrier flying operations<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">3<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1990<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Three with flottille 35F, detached aboard the carrier whenever flying is in progress.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph18\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Airbus Helicopters AS565 Panther<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Anti-surface warfare, counter-piracy and counter-narcotics, intelligence<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">16<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1993<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Sixteen with flottille 36F at Hy&#232;res, with a permanent detachment at Martinique-Aim&#233; C&#233;saire.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph19\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Schiebel Camcopter S-100 Serval<span class=\"nflag nf0\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Austria\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Shipborne rotary-wing surveillance drone<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">6<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">2019<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Six systems in service, sixteen on order in total; ten more were ordered in January 2026. Operated by flottille 36F at Hy&#232;res.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Survey Copter Aliaca (SMDM)<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Shipborne mini-drone for surveillance from patrol vessels<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">11<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">2019<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">11 systems in service out of 34 ordered; ten more to be delivered from 2027.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"fleetchart\">\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Rafale M<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:100%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">41<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">NH90<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:66%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">27<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">ATL2<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:46%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">19<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Panther<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:39%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">16<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Aliaca<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:27%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">11<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Dauphin FI<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:22%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">9<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Falcon 50M<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:20%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">8<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Xingu<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:20%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">8<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>On order<\/h3>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet ord\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-fd\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Ordered<\/th>\n<th>First delivery<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph20\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Northrop Grumman E-2D Advanced Hawkeye<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">3<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">2027<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Contracted through the Pentagon to Northrop Grumman in December 2021 for close to 360 million dollars; production of the first aircraft began in December 2024. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>The E-2D replaces the three E-2C Hawkeye 2000 of flottille 4F one for one and adds air-to-air refuelling, which the E-2C never had &mdash; on a single-carrier navy that matters, because it lets the early-warning aircraft stay up while the deck is fouled. It will also be the airborne early warning aircraft of the next carrier.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph7\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Dassault Falcon 2000 LXS Albatros<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">9<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Nine still to come of the eleven ordered under the AVSIMAR programme, after the first two were handed over on 8 September 2026. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>The order has been cut twice, from thirteen to twelve and then to eleven in the updated 2024&ndash;2030 planning law. A third aircraft is due before the end of 2026 and then roughly two a year, with all deliveries complete before 2035. Seven were ordered in 2020 and five more in October 2025.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph21\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Airbus Helicopters H160M Gu&#233;pard Marine<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">49<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">2029<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">The navy&rsquo;s share of the tri-service H&#233;licopt&#232;re interarm&#233;es l&#233;ger programme, and the aircraft that finally replaces the Alouette III, the Panther and the whole leased Dauphin and H160 fleet with one type. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>Naval missions are air-maritime combat, protection and support of the naval force, special operations and state action at sea. Armament fit was still being decided in 2024; entry into service is expected from the end of the decade.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/rafale\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph22\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/rafale\/\">Dassault Rafale M F5<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">12<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">2038<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Twelve of the planned sixth production batch of 45 Rafale would go to the navy, renewing about a third of the Rafale M fleet. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>The notification was expected in 2029, but the updated planning law puts the renewal of the air force&rsquo;s nuclear squadrons first, before 2035, and the navy&rsquo;s F5 deliveries are now spoken of around 2038 &mdash; timed to the new carrier rather than to the wear on the current aircraft. The schedule is officially &ldquo;to be confirmed when F5 production is launched&rdquo;.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph23\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Schiebel Camcopter S-100F<span class=\"nflag nf0\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Austria\"><\/span><span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">5<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Five systems contracted through Naval Group in January 2026 for integration on the FREMM multi-mission frigates under the SDAM shipborne drone programme, with ten more air vehicles ordered. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>The DGA chose an aircraft already in service over the still-developing VSR700 for this role on grounds of availability and cost.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph24\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Airbus Helicopters VSR700<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">6<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">2028<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Six unmanned helicopters confirmed in January 2026 after a framework agreement of June 2025, for delivery between 2028 and 2030. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>Derived from the Guimbal Cabri G2 and built for the <em>Jacques Chevallier<\/em>-class replenishment ships, with the intervention frigates a possible later fit. Eight hours&rsquo; endurance, 150 km radius, and a possible anti-submarine role; it is meant to work directly for the carrier group.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph25\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Pilatus PC-7 MKX<span class=\"nflag nf2\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Switzerland\"><\/span><span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">22<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">2027<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Twenty-two aircraft and twelve Exail simulators ordered by the DGA in December 2024 under the Mentor 2 contract, notified to Babcock International France Aviation, to replace the Cirrus SR20 and Grob G 120 in the shared ab initio pipeline that trains both naval and air force pilots.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph9\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Pilatus PC-24 Balbuzard<span class=\"nflag nf2\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Switzerland\"><\/span><span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">The third of three leased aircraft for escadrille 57S at Landivisiau. The first was delivered on 16 March 2026 under a ten-year lease from Jet Aviation notified in late August 2025.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Porte-avions de nouvelle g&#233;n&#233;ration <em>France libre<\/em> (R92)<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">2038<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Not an aircraft, but the thing everything else waits on. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>About 80,000 tonnes, 310 m long, two K22 reactors of 220 MW each, some 2,000 crew and an air group of 40 or more Rafale, three E-2D and H160M Gu&#233;pard, at a cost put at around ten billion euros. Nuclear propulsion was confirmed by President Macron on 8 December 2020; construction was launched at a ministerial investment committee in December 2025; the ship was named <em>France libre<\/em> at Naval Group&rsquo;s Indret site on 18 March 2026. Build at Chantiers de l&rsquo;Atlantique from 2031, launch about 2036, commissioning 2038. Catapults are to be American EMALS electromagnetic units from General Atomics, because the United States has stopped building steam catapults.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Patmar futur (Atlantique 2 successor)<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\"><\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">The DGA has run two architecture studies for the aircraft that replaces the ATL2 in the 2030s. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>The two candidates are a maritime patrol version of the Dassault Falcon 10X and an Airbus A321 MPA based on the A321neo XLR. No decision had been announced by September 2026.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"former\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Formerly operated<\/div>\n<h2>Every type the French Naval Aviation has retired<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">21 types, from the Curtiss SB2C-5 Helldiver to the Sud-Aviation SA316 \/ SA319 Alouette III. <span class=\"imp\">Peak figures are airframes taken on charge over the whole service life, not fleet strength on any one date.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet former\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-role\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-srv\">\n<col class=\"c-rep\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Peak<\/th>\n<th>Served<\/th>\n<th>Replaced by<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph26\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Sud-Aviation SA316 \/ SA319 Alouette III<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Shipborne utility, plane guard, search and rescue, light anti-submarine warfare and training<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">37<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1962&ndash;2022<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Airbus Helicopters H160 (interim) and H160M Gu&#233;pard<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">37 received from 1962; nine were still on strength on 1 July 2021.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph27\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Westland WG-13 Lynx<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Shipborne anti-submarine warfare<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">40<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1978&ndash;2020<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">NHIndustries NH90 Ca&#239;man Marine<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Forty ordered; fourteen were still in service on 1 July 2019.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/super-etendard\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph28\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/super-etendard\/\" class=\"was\">Dassault Super-&#201;tendard \/ Super-&#201;tendard Modernis&#233;<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Carrier strike, anti-ship attack, reconnaissance and nuclear delivery<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">71<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1978&ndash;2016<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Dassault Rafale M<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">71 built for the A&#233;ronautique navale, of which 53 were rebuilt as the Super-&#201;tendard Modernis&#233; from 1993.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph29\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>A&#233;rospatiale SA321 Super Frelon<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Heavy transport, search and rescue, special operations and anti-submarine warfare<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">24<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1966&ndash;2010<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">EC225 Caracal (interim), then NHIndustries NH90 Ca&#239;man Marine<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Four were still flying at the end; the type retired on 30 April 2010 with flottille 32F at Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph30\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Nord 262 Fr&#233;gate<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Overseas maritime surveillance, training and liaison<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">29<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1970&ndash;2002<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Embraer EMB-121 Xingu and Dassault Falcon 200 Gardian<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">About 29 across surveillance, training and liaison duties; the last left flottille 28F in 2002.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph31\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Dassault &#201;tendard IVM \/ IVP<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Carrier strike, reconnaissance and buddy refuelling<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">90<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1962&ndash;2000<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Dassault Super-&#201;tendard and Rafale M<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">90 delivered between 9 December 1961 and 26 May 1965, comprising strike IVM and reconnaissance IVP versions.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph32\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Breguet Br.1050 Aliz&#233;<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Carrier-borne anti-submarine warfare and surface surveillance<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">75<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1959&ndash;2000<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Grumman E-2C Hawkeye and shipborne helicopters<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">75 delivered between 1959 and 1961 out of 100 ordered, plus five pre-production aircraft ordered on 21 June 1955.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph33\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Vought F-8E(FN) Crusader<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Carrier air defence and fleet interception<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">42<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1964&ndash;1999<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Dassault Rafale M<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">42 aircraft in a special French version, delivered from 1964; 17 were later upgraded as F-8P and flew to the end.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph34\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Dassault-Breguet Atlantic (ATL1)<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Maritime patrol and anti-submarine warfare<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">40<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1965&ndash;1997<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Atlantique 2<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">40 for France out of 87 built for the NATO programme; the first reached flottille 21F at N&#238;mes-Garons in 1965.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph35\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Morane-Saulnier MS.760 Paris<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Jet training and liaison<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">20<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1972&ndash;1997<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Dassault Falcon 10 MER<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Flown by escadrille 57S at Landivisiau from May 1972 to October 1997.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fouga-magister\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph36\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fouga-magister\/\" class=\"was\">Fouga CM.175 Z&#233;phyr<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Carrier landing training<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">30<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1959&ndash;1994<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Thirty delivered from 1959, tested aboard the British carriers HMS <em>Eagle<\/em> and HMS <em>Bulwark<\/em>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph37\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Lockheed P-2 Neptune<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Land-based maritime patrol and anti-submarine warfare<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">57<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1953&ndash;1984<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Dassault-Breguet Atlantic<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">31 P-2V6 from 1953 and 26 P-2V7 from 1958, the latter with two auxiliary jet engines.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph38\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Sikorsky HSS-1 \/ H-34<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Anti-submarine warfare and assault transport<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">54<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1957&ndash;1979<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">A&#233;rospatiale SA321 Super Frelon<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">54 in three flottilles on 1 June 1961.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph39\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>SNCASE Aquilon (de Havilland Sea Venom)<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Carrier all-weather fighter<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">101<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1955&ndash;1973<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Dassault &#201;tendard IV and Vought F-8E(FN) Crusader<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">About 101 built under licence in France from the de Havilland Sea Venom; 81 were in service on 1 June 1961 in two flottilles.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph40\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Grumman TBM Avenger<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Carrier anti-submarine and airborne early warning<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">126<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1951&ndash;1965<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Breguet Br.1050 Aliz&#233;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">60 TBM-3E from 1951, 34 TBM-3S\/3SQ attack and 32 TBM-3W2 radar-equipped aircraft; 27 more British Avenger AS.IV came as spares.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph41\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Avro Lancaster<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Maritime patrol and search and rescue<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">54<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1952&ndash;1964<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Lockheed P-2 Neptune<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">54 ex-Royal Air Force aircraft supplied from 1952, flown from Lann-Bihou&#233;, Lartigue, New Caledonia and elsewhere.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph42\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Vought F4U-7 \/ AU-1 Corsair<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Carrier strike fighter and ground attack<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">163<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1953&ndash;1964<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Dassault &#201;tendard IV<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">69 AU-1 from 1953 and 94 F4U-7 from 1954.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph43\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Martin P5M Marlin<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Maritime patrol flying boat<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">10<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1959&ndash;1964<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Ten aircraft, one flottille, in service on 1 June 1961.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph44\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Consolidated PB4Y-2 Privateer<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Maritime patrol and ground attack<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">12<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1951&ndash;1962<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Lockheed P-2 Neptune<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">Twelve aircraft, flottille 28F, from 1951.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph45\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Grumman F6F Hellcat<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Carrier fighter and ground attack<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">139<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1950&ndash;1960<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Vought F4U Corsair<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">139 delivered between 1950 and 1953.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"th\"><span class=\"tthumb ph46\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Curtiss SB2C-5 Helldiver<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Carrier dive bomber<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">110<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">1949&ndash;1958<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">Vought F4U Corsair<\/td>\n<td class=\"note\">110 delivered between 1949 and 1954.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"bases\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Air bases<\/div>\n<h2>Where French naval aviation flies from &mdash; and the thirteen bases it has given up<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Black pins are active bases and detachments, hollow pins the ones the navy has closed or handed over. <span class=\"imp\">There were nine naval air bases in metropolitan France in 1971 and there are four now; the first of them all, Fr&#233;jus-Saint-Rapha&#235;l, opened in 1912 and closed in 1995.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"mapframe\">\n<div id=\"oobmap\" class=\"oobmap\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"legend\"><span><i class=\"dot\"><\/i> Active air base<\/span><span><i class=\"dot was\"><\/i> Closed or reserve<\/span><span>Click a pin to open the base page<\/span><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"mapsub\">Metropolitan France<\/h3>\n<p class=\"mapnote\">7 of the 20 bases above sit outside metropolitan France, so the world map has to pull back until the home airfields cannot be told apart. 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Palyvestre<span class=\"bcanton\">Var<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">LFTH<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"rwyc\"><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">05\/23<\/span>2,121 m<\/span><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">13\/31<\/span>1,809 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n<li><span class=\"un\">Flottille 31F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">NHIndustries NH90 Ca&#239;man Marine<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"un\">Flottille 35F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">A&#233;rospatiale SA365 N \/ AS365 N3+ Dauphin SP, A&#233;rospatiale SA365 F Dauphin Pedro<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"un\">Flottille 36F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Airbus Helicopters AS565 Panther, Schiebel Camcopter S-100<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"un\">CEPA \/ 10S<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">All naval types<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"un\">&#201;cole du personnel du pont d&rsquo;envol<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"un\">Flottille 28F detachment<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Embraer EMB-121 Xingu<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Escadrille 59S<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fouga-magister\/\">Fouga CM.175 Z&#233;phyr<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"ban-landivisiau\" data-x=\"active active ALAVIA \/ Groupe a&#233;rien embarqu&#233; \">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/ban-landivisiau\/\">BAN Landivisiau<\/a><span class=\"bcanton\">Finist&#232;re<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">LFRJ<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"rwyc\"><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">07\/25<\/span>2,700 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n<li><span class=\"un\">Flottille 11F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/rafale\/\">Dassault Rafale M<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"un\">Flottille 12F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/rafale\/\">Dassault Rafale M<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"un\">Flottille 17F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/rafale\/\">Dassault Rafale M<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"un\">Escadrille 57S<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Dassault Falcon 10 MER, Pilatus PC-24 Balbuzard<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Flottille 14F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Vought F-8E(FN) Crusader, Dassault Super-&#201;tendard<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Flottille 16F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Dassault &#201;tendard IVP<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Flottille 15F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Dassault &#201;tendard IVM<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"ban-lann-bihoue\" data-x=\"active active ALAVIA LRT\">\n<td>BAN Lann-Bihou&#233;<span class=\"bcanton\">Morbihan<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">LFRH<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"rwyc\"><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">07\/25<\/span>2,403 m<\/span><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">02\/20<\/span>1,670 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n<li><span class=\"un\">Flottille 4F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Northrop Grumman E-2C Hawkeye 2000<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"un\">Flottille 21F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Dassault-Breguet Atlantique 2<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"un\">Flottille 23F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Dassault-Breguet Atlantique 2<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"un\">Flottille 24F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Dassault Falcon 50M Surmar, Dassault Falcon 2000 LXS Albatros<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"un\">Flottille 28F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Embraer EMB-121 Xingu<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"un\">Flottille 25F (detached elements)<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Dassault Falcon 200 Gardian, Dassault Falcon 50M Surmar<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Flottille 22F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Lockheed P-2 Neptune, Dassault-Breguet Atlantic<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Flottille 25F (Neptune era)<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Lockheed P-2 Neptune<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Flottille 10F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Avro Lancaster<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"ban-lanveoc-poulmic\" data-x=\"active active ALAVIA \">\n<td>BAN Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic<span class=\"bcanton\">Finist&#232;re<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">LFRL<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"rwyc\"><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">05\/23<\/span>1,119 m<span class=\"rsurf\">paved<\/span><\/span><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">13\/31<\/span>751 m<span class=\"rsurf\">unpaved<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n<li><span class=\"un\">Flottille 32F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Airbus Helicopters H160<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"un\">Flottille 33F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">NHIndustries NH90 Ca&#239;man Marine<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"un\">Flottille 34F \/ ESHE<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Airbus Helicopters AS365 N3 \/ N3+ Dauphin<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"un\">Escadrille 50S<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Mudry CAP 10, Cirrus SR20 \/ SR22<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Escadrille 22S<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Sud-Aviation SA316 \/ SA319 Alouette III<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Flottille 31F (Lanv&#233;oc era)<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Sikorsky HSS-1<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"det-cherbourg-maupertus\" data-x=\"detachment active Flottille 32F, BAN Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic CER\">\n<td>Cherbourg-Maupertus naval air detachment<span class=\"bcanton\">Manche<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">LFRC<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"rwyc\"><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">10\/28<\/span>2,440 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n<li><span class=\"un\">Detachment of flottille 32F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Airbus Helicopters H160<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"det-la-rochelle\" data-x=\"detachment active Flottille 35F, BAN Hy&#232;res LRH\">\n<td>La Rochelle naval air detachment<span class=\"bcanton\">Charente-Maritime<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">LFBH<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"rwyc\"><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">09\/27<\/span>2,255 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n<li><span class=\"un\">Detachment of flottille 35F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">A&#233;rospatiale SA365 N Dauphin SP<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"det-la-reunion\" data-x=\"overseas active Flottille 34F, BAN Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic RUN\">\n<td>La R&#233;union naval air detachment<span class=\"bcanton\">La R&#233;union<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">FMEE<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"rwyc\"><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">12\/30<\/span>3,200 m<\/span><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">14\/32<\/span>2,670 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n<li><span class=\"un\">Detachment of flottille 34F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Airbus Helicopters AS365 N3+ Dauphin FI<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"det-le-touquet\" data-x=\"detachment active Flottille 35F, BAN Hy&#232;res LTQ\">\n<td>Le Touquet naval air detachment<span class=\"bcanton\">Pas-de-Calais<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">LFAT<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"rwyc\"><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">13\/31<\/span>1,850 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n<li><span class=\"un\">Detachment of flottille 35F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">A&#233;rospatiale SA365 N Dauphin SP<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"det-martinique\" data-x=\"overseas active Flottille 36F, BAN Hy&#232;res FDF\">\n<td>Martinique naval air detachment<span class=\"bcanton\">Martinique<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">TFFF<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"rwyc\"><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">10\/28<\/span>3,300 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n<li><span class=\"un\">Detachment of flottille 36F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Airbus Helicopters AS565 Panther<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"det-noumea-la-tontouta\" data-x=\"overseas active Flottille 25F, on an air force base NOU\">\n<td>Noum&#233;a-La Tontouta naval air detachment<span class=\"bcanton\">New Caledonia<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">NWWW<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"rwyc\"><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">11\/29<\/span>3,250 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n<li><span class=\"un\">Detachment of flottille 25F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Dassault Falcon 200 Gardian<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"un\">Detachment of flottille 34F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Airbus Helicopters AS365 N3+ Dauphin FI<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"det-tahiti-faaa\" data-x=\"overseas active Flottille 25F and flottille 35F, alongside the air force&rsquo;s D&#233;tachement air 190 PPT\">\n<td>Tahiti-Faa&rsquo;a naval air detachment<span class=\"bcanton\">French Polynesia<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">NTAA<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"rwyc\"><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">04\/22<\/span>3,420 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n<li><span class=\"un\">Detachment of flottille 25F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Dassault Falcon 50M Surmar<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"un\">Detachment of flottille 35F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Airbus Helicopters AS365 N3+ Dauphin SP<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"un\">Detachment of flottille 34F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Airbus Helicopters AS365 N3+ Dauphin FI<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"ban-nimes-garons\" data-x=\"closed closed Formerly ALAVIA &mdash; Mediterranean maritime patrol FNI\" class=\"was\">\n<td>BAN N&#238;mes-Garons<span class=\"bcanton\">Gard<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">LFTW<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Closed 2011<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"rwyc\"><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">18\/36<\/span>2,443 m<span class=\"rsurf\">concrete<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Flottille 21F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Lockheed P-2 Neptune, Dassault-Breguet Atlantic, Dassault-Breguet Atlantique 2<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Flottille 6F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Breguet Br.1050 Aliz&#233;<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Flottille 28F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Nord 262 Fr&#233;gate, Embraer EMB-121 Xingu<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Escadrille 56S<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Douglas C-47, North American SNJ Texan<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"ean-dugny-le-bourget\" data-x=\"closed closed Formerly ALAVIA &mdash; logistic support for the Paris region LBG\" class=\"was\">\n<td>EAN Dugny-Le Bourget<span class=\"bcanton\">Seine-Saint-Denis<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">LFPB<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Closed 2011<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"rwyc\"><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">07\/25<\/span>3,000 m<\/span><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">03\/21<\/span>1,845 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Escadrille 11S<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Escadrille 31S<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Commandement de la patrouille maritime<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"ban-saint-mandrier\" data-x=\"closed closed Formerly ALAVIA &mdash; Mediterranean helicopters \" class=\"was\">\n<td>BAN Saint-Mandrier<span class=\"bcanton\">Var<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\"><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Closed 2004<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"rwyc\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Mediterranean helicopter flottilles<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Sikorsky HSS-1, Sud-Aviation SA321 Super Frelon, Sud-Aviation SA316 Alouette III, Airbus Helicopters AS565 Panther<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"ban-cuers-pierrefeu\" data-x=\"closed closed Formerly ALAVIA &mdash; maintenance and workshops \" class=\"was\">\n<td>BAN Cuers-Pierrefeu<span class=\"bcanton\">Var<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">LFTF<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Closed 1997<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"rwyc\"><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">11\/29<\/span>1,983 m<span class=\"rsurf\">concrete<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Escadrille AC3 and maintenance units<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Bloch MB.151<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"ban-frejus-saint-raphael\" data-x=\"closed closed Formerly the naval flight test centre \" class=\"was\">\n<td>BAN Fr&#233;jus-Saint-Rapha&#235;l<span class=\"bcanton\">Var<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">LFTU<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Closed 1995<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"rwyc\"><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">01\/19<\/span>1,200 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Naval flight test and trials units<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"ban-aspretto\" data-x=\"closed closed Formerly ALAVIA &mdash; Corsican search and rescue \" class=\"was\">\n<td>BAN Aspretto<span class=\"bcanton\">Corse-du-Sud<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\"><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Closed 1993<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"rwyc\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Escadrille 55S<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Beechcraft SNB-5, Nord 262 Fr&#233;gate<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Escadrille 20S<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Dornier Do 24<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Flottille 9F<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Grumman TBM Avenger<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"ban-karouba\" data-x=\"closed closed Formerly the French naval air base at Bizerte \" class=\"was\">\n<td>BAN Karouba<span class=\"bcanton\">Tunisia<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\"><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Closed 1963<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"rwyc\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Carrier fighter flottilles<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Vought F4U-7 Corsair, Grumman TBM Avenger<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"ban-port-lyautey\" data-x=\"closed closed Formerly the principal French naval air base in North Africa NNA\" class=\"was\">\n<td>BAN Port-Lyautey<span class=\"bcanton\">Morocco<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">GMMY<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Closed 1963<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"rwyc\"><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">07\/25<\/span>2,443 m<\/span><span class=\"rwy\"><span class=\"rdes\">10\/28<\/span>1,843 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Maritime patrol flottilles<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Lockheed P-2 Neptune, Avro Lancaster<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"ban-lartigue\" data-x=\"closed closed Formerly maritime patrol for the Algerian coast \" class=\"was\">\n<td>BAN Lartigue<span class=\"bcanton\">Algeria<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\"><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Closed 1962<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"rwyc\">&mdash;<\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Flottille 4S<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Consolidated PBY Catalina, Avro Lancaster<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span class=\"un\">Neptune flottilles<\/span>: <span class=\"ac\">Lockheed P-2 Neptune<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"basefind\">No air base matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"oob\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Order of battle<\/div>\n<h2>Who is stationed where in the French Naval Aviation<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Flottilles and escadrilles by base. <span class=\"imp\">A <em>flottille<\/em> is a front-line squadron and an <em>escadrille<\/em> a support or training one &mdash; and the three Rafale flottilles at Landivisiau are the only carrier fighter squadrons in Europe.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"unitfind\" data-filter=\"#oobwrap\" data-item=\".oob\" data-noun=\"installations\" placeholder=\"Search squadrons, wings, aircraft, bases\" aria-label=\"Search squadrons, wings, aircraft, bases\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"unitfind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"unitfind\"><\/span><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-toggleall=\"#oobwrap\">Expand all<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"oobwrap coll\" id=\"oobwrap\">\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Finist&#232;re active ALAVIA \/ Groupe a&#233;rien embarqu&#233;\">\n<div class=\"oob-base\"><span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/ban-landivisiau\/\">BAN Landivisiau<\/a> &middot; LFRJ<\/span><em>ALAVIA \/ Groupe a&#233;rien embarqu&#233;<\/em><i class=\"ocx\"><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Flottille 11F<small>La Furieuse &middot; Carrier fighter flottille &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/rafale\/\">Dassault Rafale M<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Flottille 12F<small>La Douzeff &middot; Carrier fighter flottille &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/rafale\/\">Dassault Rafale M<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Flottille 17F<small>La Glorieuse &middot; Carrier fighter flottille &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/rafale\/\">Dassault Rafale M<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Escadrille 57S<small>Fighter school and liaison escadrille &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Dassault Falcon 10 MER<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">Flottille 14F<small>1968&ndash;1991<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Vought F-8E(FN) Crusader, Dassault Super-&#201;tendard<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">Flottille 16F<small>1969&ndash;2000<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Dassault &#201;tendard IVP<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">Flottille 15F<small>1967&ndash;1969<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Dassault &#201;tendard IVM<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Morbihan active ALAVIA\">\n<div class=\"oob-base\"><span>BAN Lann-Bihou&#233; &middot; LFRH<\/span><em>ALAVIA<\/em><i class=\"ocx\"><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Flottille 4F<small>La quatre &middot; Airborne early warning flottille &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Northrop Grumman E-2C Hawkeye 2000<\/dd>\n<dt>Flottille 21F<small>Maritime patrol flottille &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Dassault-Breguet Atlantique 2<\/dd>\n<dt>Flottille 23F<small>Maritime patrol flottille &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Dassault-Breguet Atlantique 2<\/dd>\n<dt>Flottille 24F<small>Maritime surveillance flottille &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Dassault Falcon 50M Surmar<\/dd>\n<dt>Flottille 28F<small>Support and liaison flottille &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Embraer EMB-121 Xingu<\/dd>\n<dt>Flottille 25F (detached elements)<small>Overseas maritime surveillance flottille &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Dassault Falcon 200 Gardian<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">Flottille 22F<small>1962&ndash;1996<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Lockheed P-2 Neptune, Dassault-Breguet Atlantic<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">Flottille 25F (Neptune era)<small>1953&ndash;1983<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Lockheed P-2 Neptune<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">Flottille 10F<small>1951&ndash;1960<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Avro Lancaster<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Finist&#232;re active ALAVIA\">\n<div class=\"oob-base\"><span>BAN Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic &middot; LFRL<\/span><em>ALAVIA<\/em><i class=\"ocx\"><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Flottille 32F<small>Search and rescue and support flottille &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Airbus Helicopters H160<\/dd>\n<dt>Flottille 33F<small>Anti-submarine and multi-mission helicopter flottille &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>NHIndustries NH90 Ca&#239;man Marine<\/dd>\n<dt>Flottille 34F \/ ESHE<small>Embarked helicopter flottille and training school &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Airbus Helicopters AS365 N3 \/ N3+ Dauphin<\/dd>\n<dt>Escadrille 50S<small>Initial flying training escadrille &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Mudry CAP 10<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">Escadrille 22S<small>1964&ndash;2020<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Sud-Aviation SA316 \/ SA319 Alouette III<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">Flottille 31F (Lanv&#233;oc era)<small>1957&ndash;1979<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Sikorsky HSS-1<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Var active ALAVIA\">\n<div class=\"oob-base\"><span>BAN Hy&#232;res-Le Palyvestre &middot; LFTH<\/span><em>ALAVIA<\/em><i class=\"ocx\"><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Flottille 31F<small>Anti-submarine and multi-mission helicopter flottille &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>NHIndustries NH90 Ca&#239;man Marine<\/dd>\n<dt>Flottille 35F<small>Search and rescue and carrier plane-guard flottille &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>A&#233;rospatiale SA365 N \/ AS365 N3+ Dauphin SP<\/dd>\n<dt>Flottille 36F<small>Anti-surface helicopter and drone flottille &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Airbus Helicopters AS565 Panther<\/dd>\n<dt>CEPA \/ 10S<small>Naval aviation trials and acceptance centre &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>All naval types<\/dd>\n<dt>&#201;cole du personnel du pont d&rsquo;envol<small>Flight-deck personnel school &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>&mdash;<\/dd>\n<dt>Flottille 28F detachment<small>Liaison detachment &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Embraer EMB-121 Xingu<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">Escadrille 59S<small>1956&ndash;1997<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Fouga CM.175 Z&#233;phyr<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Manche detachment Flottille 32F, BAN Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic\">\n<div class=\"oob-base\"><span>Cherbourg-Maupertus naval air detachment &middot; LFRC<\/span><em>Flottille 32F, BAN Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic<\/em><i class=\"ocx\"><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Detachment of flottille 32F<small>Search and rescue detachment &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Airbus Helicopters H160<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Pas-de-Calais detachment Flottille 35F, BAN Hy&#232;res\">\n<div class=\"oob-base\"><span>Le Touquet naval air detachment &middot; LFAT<\/span><em>Flottille 35F, BAN Hy&#232;res<\/em><i class=\"ocx\"><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Detachment of flottille 35F<small>Search and rescue detachment &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>A&#233;rospatiale SA365 N Dauphin SP<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Charente-Maritime detachment Flottille 35F, BAN Hy&#232;res\">\n<div class=\"oob-base\"><span>La Rochelle naval air detachment &middot; LFBH<\/span><em>Flottille 35F, BAN Hy&#232;res<\/em><i class=\"ocx\"><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Detachment of flottille 35F<small>Search and rescue detachment &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>A&#233;rospatiale SA365 N Dauphin SP<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"French Polynesia overseas Flottille 25F and flottille 35F, alongside the air force&rsquo;s D&#233;tachement air 190\">\n<div class=\"oob-base\"><span>Tahiti-Faa&rsquo;a naval air detachment &middot; NTAA<\/span><em>Flottille 25F and flottille 35F, alongside the air force&rsquo;s D&#233;tachement air 190<\/em><i class=\"ocx\"><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Detachment of flottille 25F<small>Overseas maritime surveillance detachment &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Dassault Falcon 50M Surmar<\/dd>\n<dt>Detachment of flottille 35F<small>Search and rescue detachment &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Airbus Helicopters AS365 N3+ Dauphin SP<\/dd>\n<dt>Detachment of flottille 34F<small>Shipborne support detachment &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Airbus Helicopters AS365 N3+ Dauphin FI<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"New Caledonia overseas Flottille 25F, on an air force base\">\n<div class=\"oob-base\"><span>Noum&#233;a-La Tontouta naval air detachment &middot; NWWW<\/span><em>Flottille 25F, on an air force base<\/em><i class=\"ocx\"><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Detachment of flottille 25F<small>Overseas maritime surveillance detachment &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Dassault Falcon 200 Gardian<\/dd>\n<dt>Detachment of flottille 34F<small>Shipborne support detachment &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Airbus Helicopters AS365 N3+ Dauphin FI<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"La R&#233;union overseas Flottille 34F, BAN Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic\">\n<div class=\"oob-base\"><span>La R&#233;union naval air detachment &middot; FMEE<\/span><em>Flottille 34F, BAN Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic<\/em><i class=\"ocx\"><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Detachment of flottille 34F<small>Shipborne support detachment &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Airbus Helicopters AS365 N3+ Dauphin FI<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Martinique overseas Flottille 36F, BAN Hy&#232;res\">\n<div class=\"oob-base\"><span>Martinique naval air detachment &middot; TFFF<\/span><em>Flottille 36F, BAN Hy&#232;res<\/em><i class=\"ocx\"><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Detachment of flottille 36F<small>Anti-surface helicopter detachment &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Airbus Helicopters AS565 Panther<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"unitfind\">No unit matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>French Naval Aviation milestones, 1914 to today<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1910<\/div>\n<p>A commission appointed by the navy minister reports on 1 July that the fleet should buy aeroplanes rather than airships, and that it needs a ship with a launching rail forward and a landing platform aft. The report is treated as the founding document of French maritime aviation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1912<\/div>\n<p>20 March: a decree creates the <em>service de l&rsquo;aviation maritime<\/em>, with the converted cruiser <em>Foudre<\/em> as its aviation ship, a shore aerodrome at Fr&#233;jus-Saint-Rapha&#235;l and two aircraft. This is the birthday the A&#233;ronautique navale still keeps.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1918<\/div>\n<p>11 November: French maritime aviation ends the war with 1,135 aeroplanes, about thirty airships, 11,000 people and thirty-two shore bases. Two hundred and forty aircrew have been killed, 103 of them pilots.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1920<\/div>\n<p>20 October: Lieutenant de vaisseau Paul Teste takes off from Le Palyvestre at Hy&#232;res in a Hanriot, finds the <em>B&#233;arn<\/em> in Toulon roads with a white stripe painted on her deck, and lands in under thirty metres. The Marine nationale dates French carrier aviation from that afternoon.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1928<\/div>\n<p>1 May: the <em>B&#233;arn<\/em>, converted from an unfinished battleship hull, commissions as France&rsquo;s first aircraft carrier. Escadrille 7B1 with Levasseur PL.4 biplanes lands aboard on 3 May.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1954<\/div>\n<p>March to May: carrier aircraft from the <em>Arromanches<\/em> and the <em>Bois Belleau<\/em> fly close air support over &#272;i&#7879;n Bi&#234;n Ph&#7911;. In May and June the Corsairs alone fly 959 sorties and drop over 700 tonnes of bombs, losing six aircraft and two pilots.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1956<\/div>\n<p>November: at Suez the <em>Arromanches<\/em> and <em>La Fayette<\/em> put Corsairs and Avengers over Egyptian airfields and armour and cover the French parachute drops at al-Raswa and Port-Fouad &mdash; one of the first demonstrations that a carrier can answer a local crisis faster than anything ashore.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1961<\/div>\n<p>The <em>Clemenceau<\/em> commissions on 22 November; the <em>Foch<\/em> follows on 15 July 1963. On 1 May 1961 the A&#233;ronautique navale musters 782 aircraft, 359 of them combat types, and about 10,000 sailors.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1965<\/div>\n<p>1 February: BAN Landivisiau is opened by Charles de Gaulle so that the carriers lying at Brest have their fighter squadrons thirty kilometres away. The first F-8E(FN) Crusaders arrive in March.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1978<\/div>\n<p>27 July: the first Dassault Super-&#201;tendard lands at Landivisiau, replacing the &#201;tendard IVM with flottille 11F. Within a decade the type carries the AN-52 nuclear bomb and then the ASMP missile, giving France a naval air-delivered nuclear weapon.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1983<\/div>\n<p>17 November: in Operation Brochet, eight Super &#201;tendards from the <em>Clemenceau<\/em> strike the Cheikh Abdallah barracks in the Bekaa valley in retaliation for the Drakkar bombing in Beirut &mdash; the first French naval air strike since Algeria.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1999<\/div>\n<p>April to June: the <em>Foch<\/em>&rsquo;s Super &#201;tendards fly about 800 sorties over Kosovo and destroy 127 targets with 215 GBU-12 bombs and two AS-30L missiles, a 73 per cent hit rate. It is the last operational mission of the <em>Foch<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2001<\/div>\n<p>18 May: the nuclear-powered <em>Charles de Gaulle<\/em> enters service. On 1 December Task Force 473 sails for Afghanistan with sixteen Super &#201;tendards, one E-2C and two Rafale M still on trial; by June 2002 the air group has flown more than 2,700 hours.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2011<\/div>\n<p>20 March to 12 August: the carrier group runs Operation Harmattan off Libya &mdash; 148 days away, 138 at sea, 63 of them without a break, 1,350 sorties, 3,600 flying hours and 2,380 catapult launches and arrested landings from a group of just eighteen fixed-wing aircraft.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2016<\/div>\n<p>16 March: the last Super &#201;tendard catapult launch from the <em>Charles de Gaulle<\/em>. The type is retired at Landivisiau on 12 July after thirty-eight years, and all three fighter flottilles are on the Rafale M. In February 2017 the carrier enters a nineteen-month, 1.3 billion euro mid-life refit that refuels both reactors, rebuilds the combat system and strips out every installation specific to the Super &#201;tendard; she sails again on 14 September 2018.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2022<\/div>\n<p>9 December: the Alouette III is retired at Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic after sixty years and more than 330,000 flying hours in French naval service, ending the last link with the helicopter fleet of the <em>Clemenceau<\/em> era.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2025<\/div>\n<p>28 November 2024 to 25 April 2025: mission Clemenceau 25 takes the carrier group to the Indo-Pacific, joining American and Japanese carriers for Pacific Steller, flying Rafale into Darwin from 2,000 km away, and exercising with the Indian carrier <em>Vikrant<\/em>. On 16 July BAN Landivisiau marks sixty years; on 27 August Contre-amiral David Desfoug&#232;res takes over as ALAVIA.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2026<\/div>\n<p>18 February: the eighteenth and last Atlantique 2 upgraded to Standard 6 is delivered. 18 March: President Macron names the next carrier <em>France libre<\/em>, for service in 2038. 8 September: the first two Falcon 2000 LXS Albatros are handed over.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"combat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Combat record<\/div>\n<h2>Every campaign French naval aviation has fought, 1914 to today<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Thirteen campaigns since 1914 &mdash; Indochina, Suez, Algeria, Lebanon, Bosnia, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Libya, the Sahel, Iraq and Syria &mdash; flown from four generations of aircraft carrier.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip dark\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>13<\/b><span>conflicts<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1914<\/b><span>First<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>45<\/b><span>Aircraft lost<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>245<\/b><span>Killed<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"gl cml\">\n<li><b>Indo-Pacific carrier deployments<\/b> <span class=\"de\">2019-present<\/span> Strategic presence, coalition interoperability and freedom of navigation, using the carrier group as an instrument of policy east of Suez<\/li>\n<li><b>Op&#233;ration Chammal &mdash; the carrier against Islamic State<\/b> <span class=\"de\">2015-2022<\/span> Carrier strike and armed reconnaissance against Islamic State, and command of the coalition maritime component<\/li>\n<li><b>Op&#233;ration Harmattan &mdash; Libya<\/b> <span class=\"de\">2011<\/span> Enforcement of UN Security Council resolution 1973: no-fly zone, arms embargo and strikes on regime forces, with the carrier group operating within ten minutes&rsquo; flying time of the coast<\/li>\n<li><b>Afghanistan &mdash; H&#233;racl&#232;s and Agapanthe<\/b> <span class=\"de\">2001-2011<\/span> Carrier strike, close air support and reconnaissance over Afghanistan from the North Arabian Sea, at ranges of 3,000 km requiring three or four air refuellings per sortie<\/li>\n<li><b>Sahel &mdash; Serval and Barkhane<\/b> <span class=\"de\">2013-2022<\/span> Airborne intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance, and laser-guided bombing, flown by land-based Atlantique 2 maritime patrol aircraft over the desert<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a class=\"cbig\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/french-naval-aviation\/combat-record\/\">Open the full combat record<\/a><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about the French Naval Aviation<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>What is the A&#233;ronautique navale?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">It is the air arm of the French Navy &mdash; formally the Force maritime de l&rsquo;a&#233;ronautique navale, informally <em>l&rsquo;A&#233;ro<\/em> or the Aviation navale. It owns about 200 aircraft and 4,450 people across four flying bases, and it covers everything the Marine nationale does in the air: carrier fighters, carrier airborne early warning, land-based maritime patrol, shipborne helicopters, search and rescue and shipborne drones. It is completely separate from the Arm&#233;e de l&rsquo;air et de l&rsquo;espace, which flies its own Rafales from its own bases. The force in its present shape dates from 19 June 1998, when carrier aviation and maritime patrol aviation were merged under one commander.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How many Rafale M does the French Navy have?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Between 41 and 42. Opex360 reported 42 in May 2026 and 41 in July 2026; four have been lost in accidents since 2001 and one airframe is used for trials. The navy&rsquo;s own stated &ldquo;recognised format&rdquo; &mdash; the number it believes it needs &mdash; is 51. They equip three flottilles, 11F, 12F and 17F, all based at Landivisiau, each of about fifteen aircraft, with one flottille normally regenerating ashore while the other two are available to embark. The air force&rsquo;s Rafale B and C are counted separately.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why does the French Navy need its own air force?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Because deck flying is a different trade. Landing a 25-tonne fighter on a moving 260-metre ship at night requires training and currency that no shore-based air force maintains, and the crews live with the ship&rsquo;s company for months at a time. France also keeps the arm inside the navy because it wants the navy&rsquo;s priorities &mdash; availability, maritime patrol, the submarine deterrent &mdash; to be argued for by people who own the aircraft. The two services do share what can sensibly be shared: the Rafale programme, weapons, basic flying training and much of the technical support.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is the Charles de Gaulle really the only nuclear carrier outside the United States?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes, and it is also the only carrier outside the United States Navy with catapults, arrestor wires and fixed-wing airborne early warning. The Soviet Union began the nuclear carrier <em>Ulyanovsk<\/em> in 1988 and cancelled her at about 20 per cent complete; China has said it intends to build one; India suspended its design. The <em>Charles de Gaulle<\/em> displaces 42,500 tonnes at full load, carries two K15 pressurised-water reactors, does 27 knots and can stay at sea until the food runs out at about 45 days.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What are the catapults on the Charles de Gaulle?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Two American-supplied C13-3 steam catapults, 75 metres long, the same units the United States Navy used on its conventional carriers. They throw a 25-tonne aircraft to about 270 km\/h in two seconds at four to five g, and the ship can launch one aircraft every thirty seconds. Recovery is on three hydraulic arrestor wires named Ath&#233;na, Aphrodite and Androm&#232;de. Because the bow and waist catapults both overlap the angled deck, the ship cannot launch and recover at the same time. The next carrier is to use American EMALS electromagnetic catapults instead, because the United States has stopped building steam ones.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How big is the carrier air group?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The Groupe a&#233;rien embarqu&#233; is up to 40 aircraft. A typical composition is 20 to 24 Rafale M &mdash; up to 30 if aircraft are drawn from the third flottille ashore, and a maximum of about 36 &mdash; two E-2C Hawkeyes of flottille 4F, one or two NH90 Ca&#239;man for combat search and rescue, an AS565 Panther for intelligence work, and two AS365F Dauphin Pedro plane guards. It can sustain about 100 flights a day for a week, launching waves of twenty to twenty-four aircraft every four hours. When the carrier is unavailable the same units train ashore as the GAETAN, the land-based naval air group.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Which flottille flies what?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">11F, 12F and 17F fly the Rafale M from Landivisiau. 4F flies the E-2C Hawkeye from Lann-Bihou&#233;. 21F and 23F fly the Atlantique 2 from Lann-Bihou&#233;; 24F the Falcon 50M and now the Albatros, also at Lann-Bihou&#233;; 25F the Falcon 200 Gardian overseas. 28F flies the Xingu. Among the helicopters, 31F (Hy&#232;res) and 33F (Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic) fly the NH90 Ca&#239;man; 32F the H160 at Lanv&#233;oc; 34F the Dauphin and runs the embarked helicopter school; 35F the Dauphin SP and the carrier Pedro; 36F the Panther and the Camcopter S-100 at Hy&#232;res. Escadrille 50S trains at Lanv&#233;oc and 57S flies the Falcon 10 MER and PC-24 at Landivisiau.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is the difference between the A&#233;ronautique navale and the FANu?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The A&#233;ronautique navale is a permanent organisation: an arm of the navy with bases, squadrons, aircraft and a commander, ALAVIA. The Force a&#233;ronavale nucl&#233;aire is not an organisation but a posture. When the president decides to use the naval air component of the deterrent, the carrier and the Rafale M squadrons that normally belong to ALAVIA are placed under a dedicated nuclear command to deliver the ASMPA-R missile. No aircraft or unit is permanently assigned to the FANu, and the same aircraft that flew a conventional mission yesterday can be part of it tomorrow. It is one of three legs of the French deterrent, alongside the ballistic-missile submarines and the air force&rsquo;s Rafale B squadrons at Saint-Dizier.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Where do French carrier pilots learn to land on a ship?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">In Mississippi. Student carrier pilots go to Naval Air Station Meridian and fly the United States Navy&rsquo;s T-45 Goshawk, making ten arrested landings on an American carrier and passing air combat requirements before receiving the United States Navy&rsquo;s carrier aviator wings in the base chapel, followed by their French wings to the Marseillaise. France stopped training its own deck pilots when the Fouga Z&#233;phyr retired in 1994 and a navalised Alpha Jet was cancelled. Back home, Landivisiau and Lann-Bihou&#233; have deck markings on the runway for simulated carrier landings, and Landivisiau paints a full outline of the <em>Charles de Gaulle<\/em>&rsquo;s flight deck on the ground for &ldquo;carrier weeks&rdquo;.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>When did the Super &#201;tendard retire?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">It flew its last catapult launch from the <em>Charles de Gaulle<\/em> on 16 March 2016 and was formally retired at Landivisiau on 12 July 2016 in front of about 1,500 guests. Its final operational deployment was over Iraq and Syria with Op&#233;ration Chammal and mission Arromanches 2 in late 2015 and early 2016. Seventy-one were built for the navy from 1978; fifty-three were rebuilt as the Super-&#201;tendard Modernis&#233; from 1993. The last operator was flottille 17F, which converted to the Rafale M that September.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is it true the Alouette III flew until 2022?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. The French Navy retired the Alouette III at Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic on 9 December 2022, sixty years after it entered naval service, in a ceremony presided over by the chief of naval staff. Thirty-seven were taken on charge and nine were still flying in mid-2021; across the fleet&rsquo;s life they accumulated more than 330,000 hours, and as late as 2019 the type posted one of the highest availability rates of any French military helicopter. Its last operational deployment was aboard the replenishment ship <em>Somme<\/em> in November 2022. It has been replaced, for now, by leased Dauphins and H160s, and permanently by the H160M Gu&#233;pard from the end of the decade.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is the Atlantique 2 Standard 6?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The mid-life upgrade that keeps France&rsquo;s maritime patrol aircraft relevant into the 2030s. It replaces the tactical mission computer, adds the Thales Searchmaster active-array radar derived from the Rafale&rsquo;s RBE2, a new acoustic processing subsystem, new operator consoles, optronics, an IFF interrogator and new mission software. The Searchmaster can hold up to a thousand contacts at once where the old radar managed dozens. Eighteen aircraft were upgraded; the last was delivered to Lann-Bihou&#233; on 17&ndash;18 February 2026. The total ATL2 fleet is variously given as 21 or 22, and the four aircraft not modernised are kept as a source of spares &mdash; a direct consequence of budget limits in the 2019&ndash;2025 planning law.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What replaces the Atlantique 2?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Nothing yet. The DGA has funded two architecture studies for a future maritime patrol aircraft and the candidates are a version of the Dassault Falcon 10X and an Airbus A321 MPA based on the A321neo XLR. No choice had been announced by September 2026, and the ATL2 is planned to serve until about 2035, which leaves the decision uncomfortably late.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Does the French Navy fly drones?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes, two families of them. The Schiebel Camcopter S-100, an Austrian unmanned helicopter operated by flottille 36F from the amphibious assault ships, and the Survey Copter Aliaca, a small catapult-launched fixed-wing drone recovered in a net from patrol vessels and surveillance frigates. In January 2026 the DGA ordered five more S-100F systems for the FREMM frigates under the SDAM programme and confirmed six Airbus VSR700 unmanned helicopters for the replenishment ships, for delivery between 2028 and 2030. The S-100 was chosen for the frigates over the VSR700 because it already works.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What happened to the aircraft carriers Clemenceau and Foch?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The <em>Clemenceau<\/em> was decommissioned in 1997 and, after a long and embarrassing saga over asbestos, was broken up in Britain in 2009. The <em>Foch<\/em> flew her last operational mission over Kosovo in 1999 and was sold to Brazil in 2000 as the <em>S&#227;o Paulo<\/em>; Brazil decommissioned her in 2017 and sank her in the Atlantic in 2023. Between them they gave France a two- and sometimes three-carrier navy from 1961 to 1997. Since 2000 there has been only one deck, which is why every ten-year refit leaves the country without carrier aviation for a year and a half.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why does France only have one aircraft carrier?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Money. A second ship, the PA 2, was studied from 2003 on the basis of the British <em>Queen Elizabeth<\/em> design, suspended in 2009 and abandoned in 2012. The consequence is a capability gap every decade: the first major refit ran through 2008 and 2009, the mid-life refit took nineteen months across 2017 and 2018, and a third is due in 2027. The replacement ship, the <em>France libre<\/em>, is a one-for-one successor, not a second hull, so the gap problem does not go away.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is the PA-Ng and when does it arrive?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The <em>porte-avions de nouvelle g&#233;n&#233;ration<\/em>, named <em>France libre<\/em> by President Macron at Naval Group&rsquo;s Indret site on 18 March 2026 and carrying the pennant R92. About 80,000 tonnes, 310 metres long, two K22 reactors of 220 MW each, roughly 2,000 crew, an air group of 40 or more, and a cost put at around ten billion euros. Nuclear propulsion was confirmed in December 2020; construction was launched at a ministerial investment committee in December 2025; build begins at Chantiers de l&rsquo;Atlantique in 2031, launch is expected about 2036 and commissioning in 2038. It will be the largest warship ever built in Europe.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How many naval air bases does France have?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Four flying ones: Landivisiau and Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic in Finist&#232;re, Lann-Bihou&#233; in Morbihan and Hy&#232;res-Le Palyvestre in the Var. There were nine in metropolitan France in 1971. N&#238;mes-Garons closed on 1 July 2011, Saint-Mandrier in 2004, Cuers-Pierrefeu on 1 October 1997, Fr&#233;jus-Saint-Rapha&#235;l &mdash; the very first one, opened in 1912 &mdash; in 1995, and Aspretto at Ajaccio on 22 September 1993. Naval aviation still keeps detachments at Cherbourg-Maupertus, Le Touquet, La Rochelle, Tahiti-Faa&rsquo;a, Noum&#233;a, La R&#233;union and Martinique, but on other people&rsquo;s airfields.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What does BAN Landivisiau actually do?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">It generates the fighter half of the carrier air group. The base holds the three Rafale M flottilles and the Falcon 10 MER and PC-24 of escadrille 57S, and its whole purpose is to keep about forty-five fighter pilots current enough to land on a ship. It runs simulated carrier landings on the runway, and full flight-deck rehearsals on a ground marking of the <em>Charles de Gaulle<\/em>&rsquo;s deck with the real deck handlers, radio calls and jet noise. The Marine nationale calls it the granite aircraft carrier, and it is the only land base in Europe dedicated to carrier fighters.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is Lann-Bihou&#233; a military or a civil airport?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Both, and the navy runs it. BAN Lann-Bihou&#233; shares its runways with Lorient-Bretagne Sud airport, a customs aeromaritime surveillance brigade and, next door, the S&#233;curit&#233; civile helicopter base Dragon 56. It covers 800 hectares over three communes with a 21-kilometre perimeter, employs about 2,000 people including 350 civilians, and bases about thirty aircraft &mdash; the biggest naval air base in Europe. Its runways were built by the Germans in 1941, when the field was called Kerlin-Bastard and was used to protect the U-boats at Lorient.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Has the French Navy shot anyone down?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Not in the modern era. French naval fighters have flown air defence and interception continuously since the 1950s but the last French naval air-to-air kills date from the Suez and Indochina period, and there have been none from a carrier since. The arm&rsquo;s combat record is almost entirely air-to-ground and anti-surface: Indochina, Suez, Algeria, Lebanon, Bosnia, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Libya, the Sahel, Iraq and Syria. In Bosnia, French naval pilots flew for three years without releasing a single weapon, because the Super &#201;tendard had no laser designator and was excluded from strikes until the ATLIS pod was fitted.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How many people does French naval aviation rescue?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">About 300 a year, by the navy&rsquo;s own count. Naval helicopters hold the state search and rescue alert on several French coastlines &mdash; flottille 35F has covered the whole Mediterranean coast since June 2021 &mdash; and fixed-wing Falcons search for and drop survival equipment to people in the water far out in the Atlantic. Over its career the Super Frelon alone is credited with saving about 2,150 people.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is a chien jaune?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">A yellow dog: the flight-deck director on a French carrier, so called for the yellow jersey. They are trained at the &#201;cole du personnel du pont d&rsquo;envol at Hy&#232;res, ten weeks of intensive work before joining the <em>Charles de Gaulle<\/em> or an amphibious assault ship. Getting an aircraft from the lift to the catapult is done by hand signals in noise that makes speech impossible, which is why the school exists and why Landivisiau rehearses whole deck cycles on a painted rectangle of Breton tarmac.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why are French naval aircraft marked with an anchor?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Because the cocarde alone would not tell you which service you were looking at. From the 1940s French naval aircraft have carried a black anchor superimposed on the national roundel, a practice that became general between 1940 and 1945 and is still used today, alongside a low-visibility grey version on Rafale M and the helicopters. Unit badges are painted on the fin: flottille 11F carries a tiger, 12F an ace of clubs, 17F a wasp.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Can a member of the public visit a French naval air base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Only on open days. The four BANs are working military installations; Landivisiau hosts the NATO Tiger Meet occasionally &mdash; in 2008 and again in June 2017 &mdash; and the bases open for anniversaries such as Landivisiau&rsquo;s sixtieth in July 2025 and the centenary events at Hy&#232;res. Hy&#232;res also shares its runways with Toulon-Hy&#232;res airport, and Lann-Bihou&#233; with Lorient-Bretagne Sud, so you can land at two of them on a scheduled flight, but the naval side is closed.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Does noise from the bases cause problems locally?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes, and the navy admits it. Simulated carrier landings are the worst of it: the aircraft passes low over the same ground again and again at short intervals, sometimes over housing. At Landivisiau a residents&rsquo; association, ARBAN, exists specifically to talk to the base, flying windows are restricted, some practice is moved to Lann-Bihou&#233; or to the air force base at Istres, and the state runs an online portal where neighbours can file complaints about naval air activity directly.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the A\\u00e9ronautique navale?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"It is the air arm of the French Navy \\u2014 formally the Force maritime de l\\u2019a\\u00e9ronautique navale, informally l\\u2019A\\u00e9ro or the Aviation navale. It owns about 200 aircraft and 4,450 people across four flying bases, and it covers everything the Marine nationale does in the air: carrier fighters, carrier airborne early warning, land-based maritime patrol, shipborne helicopters, search and rescue and shipborne drones. It is completely separate from the Arm\\u00e9e de l\\u2019air et de l\\u2019espace, which flies its own Rafales from its own bases. The force in its present shape dates from 19 June 1998, when carrier aviation and maritime patrol aviation were merged under one commander.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How many Rafale M does the French Navy have?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Between 41 and 42. Opex360 reported 42 in May 2026 and 41 in July 2026; four have been lost in accidents since 2001 and one airframe is used for trials. The navy\\u2019s own stated \\u201crecognised format\\u201d \\u2014 the number it believes it needs \\u2014 is 51. They equip three flottilles, 11F, 12F and 17F, all based at Landivisiau, each of about fifteen aircraft, with one flottille normally regenerating ashore while the other two are available to embark. The air force\\u2019s Rafale B and C are counted separately.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Why does the French Navy need its own air force?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Because deck flying is a different trade. Landing a 25-tonne fighter on a moving 260-metre ship at night requires training and currency that no shore-based air force maintains, and the crews live with the ship\\u2019s company for months at a time. France also keeps the arm inside the navy because it wants the navy\\u2019s priorities \\u2014 availability, maritime patrol, the submarine deterrent \\u2014 to be argued for by people who own the aircraft. The two services do share what can sensibly be shared: the Rafale programme, weapons, basic flying training and much of the technical support.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is the Charles de Gaulle really the only nuclear carrier outside the United States?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes, and it is also the only carrier outside the United States Navy with catapults, arrestor wires and fixed-wing airborne early warning. The Soviet Union began the nuclear carrier Ulyanovsk in 1988 and cancelled her at about 20 per cent complete; China has said it intends to build one; India suspended its design. The Charles de Gaulle displaces 42,500 tonnes at full load, carries two K15 pressurised-water reactors, does 27 knots and can stay at sea until the food runs out at about 45 days.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What are the catapults on the Charles de Gaulle?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Two American-supplied C13-3 steam catapults, 75 metres long, the same units the United States Navy used on its conventional carriers. They throw a 25-tonne aircraft to about 270 km\/h in two seconds at four to five g, and the ship can launch one aircraft every thirty seconds. Recovery is on three hydraulic arrestor wires named Ath\\u00e9na, Aphrodite and Androm\\u00e8de. Because the bow and waist catapults both overlap the angled deck, the ship cannot launch and recover at the same time. The next carrier is to use American EMALS electromagnetic catapults instead, because the United States has stopped building steam ones.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How big is the carrier air group?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The Groupe a\\u00e9rien embarqu\\u00e9 is up to 40 aircraft. A typical composition is 20 to 24 Rafale M \\u2014 up to 30 if aircraft are drawn from the third flottille ashore, and a maximum of about 36 \\u2014 two E-2C Hawkeyes of flottille 4F, one or two NH90 Ca\\u00efman for combat search and rescue, an AS565 Panther for intelligence work, and two AS365F Dauphin Pedro plane guards. It can sustain about 100 flights a day for a week, launching waves of twenty to twenty-four aircraft every four hours. When the carrier is unavailable the same units train ashore as the GAETAN, the land-based naval air group.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Which flottille flies what?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"11F, 12F and 17F fly the Rafale M from Landivisiau. 4F flies the E-2C Hawkeye from Lann-Bihou\\u00e9. 21F and 23F fly the Atlantique 2 from Lann-Bihou\\u00e9; 24F the Falcon 50M and now the Albatros, also at Lann-Bihou\\u00e9; 25F the Falcon 200 Gardian overseas. 28F flies the Xingu. Among the helicopters, 31F (Hy\\u00e8res) and 33F (Lanv\\u00e9oc-Poulmic) fly the NH90 Ca\\u00efman; 32F the H160 at Lanv\\u00e9oc; 34F the Dauphin and runs the embarked helicopter school; 35F the Dauphin SP and the carrier Pedro; 36F the Panther and the Camcopter S-100 at Hy\\u00e8res. Escadrille 50S trains at Lanv\\u00e9oc and 57S flies the Falcon 10 MER and PC-24 at Landivisiau.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the difference between the A\\u00e9ronautique navale and the FANu?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The A\\u00e9ronautique navale is a permanent organisation: an arm of the navy with bases, squadrons, aircraft and a commander, ALAVIA. The Force a\\u00e9ronavale nucl\\u00e9aire is not an organisation but a posture. When the president decides to use the naval air component of the deterrent, the carrier and the Rafale M squadrons that normally belong to ALAVIA are placed under a dedicated nuclear command to deliver the ASMPA-R missile. No aircraft or unit is permanently assigned to the FANu, and the same aircraft that flew a conventional mission yesterday can be part of it tomorrow. It is one of three legs of the French deterrent, alongside the ballistic-missile submarines and the air force\\u2019s Rafale B squadrons at Saint-Dizier.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Where do French carrier pilots learn to land on a ship?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"In Mississippi. Student carrier pilots go to Naval Air Station Meridian and fly the United States Navy\\u2019s T-45 Goshawk, making ten arrested landings on an American carrier and passing air combat requirements before receiving the United States Navy\\u2019s carrier aviator wings in the base chapel, followed by their French wings to the Marseillaise. France stopped training its own deck pilots when the Fouga Z\\u00e9phyr retired in 1994 and a navalised Alpha Jet was cancelled. Back home, Landivisiau and Lann-Bihou\\u00e9 have deck markings on the runway for simulated carrier landings, and Landivisiau paints a full outline of the Charles de Gaulle\\u2019s flight deck on the ground for \\u201ccarrier weeks\\u201d.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"When did the Super \\u00c9tendard retire?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"It flew its last catapult launch from the Charles de Gaulle on 16 March 2016 and was formally retired at Landivisiau on 12 July 2016 in front of about 1,500 guests. Its final operational deployment was over Iraq and Syria with Op\\u00e9ration Chammal and mission Arromanches 2 in late 2015 and early 2016. Seventy-one were built for the navy from 1978; fifty-three were rebuilt as the Super-\\u00c9tendard Modernis\\u00e9 from 1993. The last operator was flottille 17F, which converted to the Rafale M that September.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is it true the Alouette III flew until 2022?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. The French Navy retired the Alouette III at Lanv\\u00e9oc-Poulmic on 9 December 2022, sixty years after it entered naval service, in a ceremony presided over by the chief of naval staff. Thirty-seven were taken on charge and nine were still flying in mid-2021; across the fleet\\u2019s life they accumulated more than 330,000 hours, and as late as 2019 the type posted one of the highest availability rates of any French military helicopter. Its last operational deployment was aboard the replenishment ship Somme in November 2022. It has been replaced, for now, by leased Dauphins and H160s, and permanently by the H160M Gu\\u00e9pard from the end of the decade.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the Atlantique 2 Standard 6?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The mid-life upgrade that keeps France\\u2019s maritime patrol aircraft relevant into the 2030s. It replaces the tactical mission computer, adds the Thales Searchmaster active-array radar derived from the Rafale\\u2019s RBE2, a new acoustic processing subsystem, new operator consoles, optronics, an IFF interrogator and new mission software. The Searchmaster can hold up to a thousand contacts at once where the old radar managed dozens. Eighteen aircraft were upgraded; the last was delivered to Lann-Bihou\\u00e9 on 17\\u201318 February 2026. The total ATL2 fleet is variously given as 21 or 22, and the four aircraft not modernised are kept as a source of spares \\u2014 a direct consequence of budget limits in the 2019\\u20132025 planning law.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What replaces the Atlantique 2?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Nothing yet. The DGA has funded two architecture studies for a future maritime patrol aircraft and the candidates are a version of the Dassault Falcon 10X and an Airbus A321 MPA based on the A321neo XLR. No choice had been announced by September 2026, and the ATL2 is planned to serve until about 2035, which leaves the decision uncomfortably late.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Does the French Navy fly drones?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes, two families of them. The Schiebel Camcopter S-100, an Austrian unmanned helicopter operated by flottille 36F from the amphibious assault ships, and the Survey Copter Aliaca, a small catapult-launched fixed-wing drone recovered in a net from patrol vessels and surveillance frigates. In January 2026 the DGA ordered five more S-100F systems for the FREMM frigates under the SDAM programme and confirmed six Airbus VSR700 unmanned helicopters for the replenishment ships, for delivery between 2028 and 2030. The S-100 was chosen for the frigates over the VSR700 because it already works.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What happened to the aircraft carriers Clemenceau and Foch?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The Clemenceau was decommissioned in 1997 and, after a long and embarrassing saga over asbestos, was broken up in Britain in 2009. The Foch flew her last operational mission over Kosovo in 1999 and was sold to Brazil in 2000 as the S\\u00e3o Paulo; Brazil decommissioned her in 2017 and sank her in the Atlantic in 2023. Between them they gave France a two- and sometimes three-carrier navy from 1961 to 1997. Since 2000 there has been only one deck, which is why every ten-year refit leaves the country without carrier aviation for a year and a half.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Why does France only have one aircraft carrier?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Money. A second ship, the PA 2, was studied from 2003 on the basis of the British Queen Elizabeth design, suspended in 2009 and abandoned in 2012. The consequence is a capability gap every decade: the first major refit ran through 2008 and 2009, the mid-life refit took nineteen months across 2017 and 2018, and a third is due in 2027. The replacement ship, the France libre, is a one-for-one successor, not a second hull, so the gap problem does not go away.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the PA-Ng and when does it arrive?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The porte-avions de nouvelle g\\u00e9n\\u00e9ration, named France libre by President Macron at Naval Group\\u2019s Indret site on 18 March 2026 and carrying the pennant R92. About 80,000 tonnes, 310 metres long, two K22 reactors of 220 MW each, roughly 2,000 crew, an air group of 40 or more, and a cost put at around ten billion euros. Nuclear propulsion was confirmed in December 2020; construction was launched at a ministerial investment committee in December 2025; build begins at Chantiers de l\\u2019Atlantique in 2031, launch is expected about 2036 and commissioning in 2038. It will be the largest warship ever built in Europe.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How many naval air bases does France have?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Four flying ones: Landivisiau and Lanv\\u00e9oc-Poulmic in Finist\\u00e8re, Lann-Bihou\\u00e9 in Morbihan and Hy\\u00e8res-Le Palyvestre in the Var. There were nine in metropolitan France in 1971. N\\u00eemes-Garons closed on 1 July 2011, Saint-Mandrier in 2004, Cuers-Pierrefeu on 1 October 1997, Fr\\u00e9jus-Saint-Rapha\\u00ebl \\u2014 the very first one, opened in 1912 \\u2014 in 1995, and Aspretto at Ajaccio on 22 September 1993. Naval aviation still keeps detachments at Cherbourg-Maupertus, Le Touquet, La Rochelle, Tahiti-Faa\\u2019a, Noum\\u00e9a, La R\\u00e9union and Martinique, but on other people\\u2019s airfields.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What does BAN Landivisiau actually do?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"It generates the fighter half of the carrier air group. The base holds the three Rafale M flottilles and the Falcon 10 MER and PC-24 of escadrille 57S, and its whole purpose is to keep about forty-five fighter pilots current enough to land on a ship. It runs simulated carrier landings on the runway, and full flight-deck rehearsals on a ground marking of the Charles de Gaulle\\u2019s deck with the real deck handlers, radio calls and jet noise. The Marine nationale calls it the granite aircraft carrier, and it is the only land base in Europe dedicated to carrier fighters.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is Lann-Bihou\\u00e9 a military or a civil airport?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Both, and the navy runs it. BAN Lann-Bihou\\u00e9 shares its runways with Lorient-Bretagne Sud airport, a customs aeromaritime surveillance brigade and, next door, the S\\u00e9curit\\u00e9 civile helicopter base Dragon 56. It covers 800 hectares over three communes with a 21-kilometre perimeter, employs about 2,000 people including 350 civilians, and bases about thirty aircraft \\u2014 the biggest naval air base in Europe. Its runways were built by the Germans in 1941, when the field was called Kerlin-Bastard and was used to protect the U-boats at Lorient.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Has the French Navy shot anyone down?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Not in the modern era. French naval fighters have flown air defence and interception continuously since the 1950s but the last French naval air-to-air kills date from the Suez and Indochina period, and there have been none from a carrier since. The arm\\u2019s combat record is almost entirely air-to-ground and anti-surface: Indochina, Suez, Algeria, Lebanon, Bosnia, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Libya, the Sahel, Iraq and Syria. In Bosnia, French naval pilots flew for three years without releasing a single weapon, because the Super \\u00c9tendard had no laser designator and was excluded from strikes until the ATLIS pod was fitted.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How many people does French naval aviation rescue?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"About 300 a year, by the navy\\u2019s own count. Naval helicopters hold the state search and rescue alert on several French coastlines \\u2014 flottille 35F has covered the whole Mediterranean coast since June 2021 \\u2014 and fixed-wing Falcons search for and drop survival equipment to people in the water far out in the Atlantic. Over its career the Super Frelon alone is credited with saving about 2,150 people.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is a chien jaune?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"A yellow dog: the flight-deck director on a French carrier, so called for the yellow jersey. They are trained at the \\u00c9cole du personnel du pont d\\u2019envol at Hy\\u00e8res, ten weeks of intensive work before joining the Charles de Gaulle or an amphibious assault ship. Getting an aircraft from the lift to the catapult is done by hand signals in noise that makes speech impossible, which is why the school exists and why Landivisiau rehearses whole deck cycles on a painted rectangle of Breton tarmac.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Why are French naval aircraft marked with an anchor?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Because the cocarde alone would not tell you which service you were looking at. From the 1940s French naval aircraft have carried a black anchor superimposed on the national roundel, a practice that became general between 1940 and 1945 and is still used today, alongside a low-visibility grey version on Rafale M and the helicopters. Unit badges are painted on the fin: flottille 11F carries a tiger, 12F an ace of clubs, 17F a wasp.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Can a member of the public visit a French naval air base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Only on open days. The four BANs are working military installations; Landivisiau hosts the NATO Tiger Meet occasionally \\u2014 in 2008 and again in June 2017 \\u2014 and the bases open for anniversaries such as Landivisiau\\u2019s sixtieth in July 2025 and the centenary events at Hy\\u00e8res. Hy\\u00e8res also shares its runways with Toulon-Hy\\u00e8res airport, and Lann-Bihou\\u00e9 with Lorient-Bretagne Sud, so you can land at two of them on a scheduled flight, but the naval side is closed.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Does noise from the bases cause problems locally?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes, and the navy admits it. Simulated carrier landings are the worst of it: the aircraft passes low over the same ground again and again at short intervals, sometimes over housing. At Landivisiau a residents\\u2019 association, ARBAN, exists specifically to talk to the base, flying windows are restricted, some practice is moved to Lann-Bihou\\u00e9 or to the air force base at Istres, and the state runs an online portal where neighbours can file complaints about naval air activity directly.\"}}]}<\/script><hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"gallery\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Read the aircraft the French Naval Aviation flew<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every type with a page in the Book of Beasts, in service first, then by the year it left the fleet.<\/p>\n<div class=\"acgrid\"><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/rafale\/\"><span class=\"im ph2\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Dassault Rafale M<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/super-etendard\/\"><span class=\"im ph28\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Dassault Super-&#201;tendard \/ Super-&#201;tendard Modernis&#233;<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><\/b><em>1978&ndash;2016<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fouga-magister\/\"><span class=\"im ph36\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Fouga CM.175 Z&#233;phyr<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><\/b><em>1959&ndash;1994<\/em><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/marine\/actualites\/nouveau-pacha-marins-du-ciel-0\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es: Un nouveau pacha pour les marins du ciel<\/a><span>change of command at Hy&#232;res on 27 August 2025, Contre-amiral David Desfoug&#232;res succeeding Vice-amiral d&rsquo;escadre Serge Bordarier; 4,450 personnel and nearly 200 aircraft<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/marine\/cols-bleus\/cols-bleus-magazine\/passion-marine\/aeronautique-navale\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es \/ Cols bleus: A&#233;ronautique navale<\/a><span>115 years of naval aviation, the CEPA\/10S at Hy&#232;res and its staffing, ALAVIA and the commander<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/lamarinerecrute.gouv.fr\/decouvrir-la-marine\/forces\/alavia\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">La Marine recrute: ALAVIA, la force a&#233;ronavale fran&#231;aise<\/a><span>4,500 marins du ciel, 178 aircraft, four bases, 17 specialisations, about 300 lives saved a year<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/marine\/actualites\/marine-receptionne-dernier-atlantique-2-modernise-au-standard-6\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es: La Marine r&#233;ceptionne le dernier Atlantique 2 modernis&#233; au standard 6<\/a><span>eighteen ATL2 upgraded, last delivered at Lann-Bihou&#233; on 17 February 2026, Searchmaster radar and mission system<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.opex360.com\/2026\/02\/18\/la-marine-nationale-a-recu-son-18e-et-dernier-atlantique-2-porte-au-standard-6\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zone Militaire (opex360): La Marine nationale a re&#231;u son 18e et dernier Atlantique 2 port&#233; au standard 6<\/a><span>18 of 22 airframes upgraded, the four unmodernised held as spares, service to about 2035, Searchmaster tracking capacity<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.opex360.com\/2026\/09\/08\/la-marine-nationale-a-recu-ses-deux-premiers-avions-de-surveillance-maritime-falcon-2000-lxs-albatros\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zone Militaire (opex360): La Marine nationale a re&#231;u ses deux premiers avions de surveillance maritime Falcon 2000 LXS Albatros<\/a><span>delivery on 8 September 2026, 11 aircraft ordered after cuts from 13 and 12, replacing 8 Falcon 50M and 5 Falcon 200, sensors, delivery schedule, Gardian farewell in Polynesia<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.opex360.com\/2024\/12\/11\/northrop-grumman-lance-la-production-du-premier-e-2d-advanced-hawkeye-destine-a-la-marine-nationale\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zone Militaire (opex360): Northrop Grumman lance la production du premier E-2D Advanced Hawkeye destin&#233; &#224; la Marine nationale<\/a><span>three aircraft, about 360 million dollars contracted December 2021, first delivery 2027, replacing three E-2C of flottille 4F<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.opex360.com\/2026\/07\/26\/avec-ses-rafale-m-vieillissants-laeronavale-francaise-sattend-a-une-situation-sensible-et-difficile-a-gerer\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zone Militaire (opex360): Avec ses Rafale M vieillissants, l&rsquo;a&#233;ronavale fran&#231;aise s&rsquo;attend &#224; une situation &ldquo;sensible et difficile &#224; g&#233;rer&rdquo;<\/a><span>41 Rafale M, recognised format of 51, mixed F2\/F3\/F4 standards, accelerated fatigue, F5 timing, Amiral Vaujour&rsquo;s assessment<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.opex360.com\/2026\/05\/03\/lpm-actualisee-la-marine-nationale-devra-encore-patienter-pour-remplacer-ses-rafale-les-plus-anciens\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zone Militaire (opex360): LPM actualis&#233;e &mdash; la Marine nationale devra encore patienter pour remplacer ses Rafale les plus anciens<\/a><span>42 Rafale M with 36 across three flottilles, sixth tranche of 45 with 12 for the navy, priority to the strategic air forces before 2035, naval F5 towards 2038<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.opex360.com\/2022\/12\/09\/la-marine-nationale-fait-ses-adieux-a-lhelicoptere-alouette-iii\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zone Militaire (opex360): La Marine nationale fait ses adieux &#224; l&rsquo;h&#233;licopt&#232;re Alouette III<\/a><span>retirement at Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic on 9 December 2022, 60 years, 37 aircraft, 330,000 flying hours, interim Dauphin and H160, Gu&#233;pard from 2028<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.opex360.com\/2020\/09\/07\/marine-nationale-specialistes-de-la-lutte-anti-sous-marine-les-helicopteres-lynx-ont-tire-leur-reverence\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zone Militaire (opex360): Sp&#233;cialistes de la lutte anti-sous-marine, les h&#233;licopt&#232;res Lynx ont tir&#233; leur r&#233;v&#233;rence<\/a><span>Lynx retired at Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic on 4 September 2020, flottille 34F stood down and re-formed on the Dauphin in January 2021<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.opex360.com\/2010\/04\/30\/le-super-frelon-est-retire-du-service\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zone Militaire (opex360): Le Super Frelon est retir&#233; du service<\/a><span>retirement on 30 April 2010 with flottille 32F at Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic, 135,000 flying hours, about 2,150 people rescued, EC225 and NH90 replacement<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.opex360.com\/2026\/01\/16\/la-marine-nationale-va-finalement-equiper-ses-fregates-multimissions-avec-des-drones-aeriens-schiebel-s-100\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zone Militaire (opex360): La Marine nationale va finalement &#233;quiper ses fr&#233;gates multimissions avec des drones a&#233;riens Schiebel S-100<\/a><span>January 2026 SDAM orders: five S-100F systems for the FREMM and six VSR700 for the replenishment ships, endurance and payload figures, PC-24 and PC-7 MKX programmes<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.portail-aviation.com\/blog\/2016\/07\/20\/retrait-sem\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Le Portail des Passionn&#233;s d&rsquo;Aviation: Le SEM d&#233;finitivement retir&#233; du service<\/a><span>last catapult launch 16 March 2016, retirement ceremony at Landivisiau 12 July 2016, about 1,500 guests, 38 years in service with flottille 17F<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/marine\/actualites\/base-daeronautique-navale-landivisiau-fete-ses-60-ans\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es: La base d&rsquo;a&#233;ronautique navale de Landivisiau f&#234;te ses 60 ans<\/a><span>60th anniversary on 16 July 2025, 370 hectares across five communes, &ldquo;le porte-avions de granit&rdquo;, the only carrier-fighter land base in Europe, units and aircraft history<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.colsbleus.defense.gouv.fr\/fr\/la-base-daeronautique-navale-de-landivisiau-fete-ses-60-ans\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Cols bleus: La base d&rsquo;a&#233;ronautique navale de Landivisiau f&#234;te ses 60 ans<\/a><span>the navy magazine account of the anniversary, published 18 July 2025<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/marine\/cols-bleus\/cols-bleus-magazine\/histoire\/base-daeronautique-navale-hyeres\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es \/ Cols bleus: Base d&rsquo;a&#233;ronautique navale de Hy&#232;res, un si&#232;cle d&rsquo;histoire et d&rsquo;adaptation<\/a><span>founded 1925, Paul Teste&rsquo;s landing of 20 October 1920, closure in 1942 and recovery in 1944, the move of helicopter flottilles from Saint-Mandrier in 2004, 1,600 people including 300 civilians, 24,000 movements a year, flottilles 31F, 35F, 36F<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/marine\/etablissement-daeronautique-navale-dugny-bourget\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es: &#201;tablissement d&rsquo;a&#233;ronautique navale de Dugny-Le Bourget<\/a><span>naval air base from 1955, escadrilles 31S and 11S, maritime patrol command 1973&ndash;1998, establishment status from 1998, closed 30 June 2011<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/sites\/default\/files\/sga\/3%20INSTRUCTION%20N%C2%B0%2024ARMEMMPSORT.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Bulletin officiel des arm&#233;es: Instruction no. 24\/DEF\/EMM\/ROJ relative &#224; l&rsquo;organisation de la force maritime de l&rsquo;a&#233;ronautique navale, 11 October 2021<\/a><span>the legal basis of the force&rsquo;s organisation and of ALAVIA&rsquo;s organic command, published 29 October 2021<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/content\/download\/154759\/1569099\/file\/BEAD-air-D-2009-010-A.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Bureau enqu&#234;tes accidents d&#233;fense: rapport BEAD-air-D-2009-010-A<\/a><span>official investigation into the mid-air collision of Rafale M22 and M25 of flottille 12F on 24 September 2009, attributing it to human factors<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.assemblee-nationale.fr\/15\/pdf\/cr-cdef\/18-19\/c1819028.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Assembl&#233;e nationale: commission de la d&#233;fense nationale et des forces arm&#233;es, compte rendu no. 28, 12 March 2019<\/a><span>hearing including Amiral Jean-Philippe Rolland on what a carrier strike group does for the ships around it<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.marines-editions.fr\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Henri-Pierre Grolleau, <em>Le &quot;Charles de Gaulle&quot; en action<\/em>, Marines &#201;ditions, Rennes, 2014<\/a><span>source of the quotations from Capitaine de vaisseau &#201;ric Aymard (COMGA&#233;) and Contre-amiral Herv&#233; de Bonnaventure (ALAVIA), including the Bosnia and Libya sortie comparison<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/dga\/actualites\/dga-lance-deux-etudes-darchitectures-lavion-patrouille-maritime-futur\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es \/ DGA: La DGA lance deux &#233;tudes d&rsquo;architectures de l&rsquo;avion de patrouille maritime futur<\/a><span>the two architecture studies for the Atlantique 2 successor<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/omnirole-rafale.com\/accidents-et-retraits\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Omnirole Rafale: accident and withdrawal register<\/a><span>individual Rafale M losses and incidents by airframe number, date, unit and cause<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sia.aviation-civile.gouv.fr\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">SIA France: AIP and VAC charts for French military and mixed aerodromes<\/a><span>ICAO codes, runway designators, lengths, surfaces and elevations for LFRJ, LFRH, LFRL, LFTH, LFRC, LFAT, LFBH, LFTW, LFTF and LFPB<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ffaa.net\/naval_stations\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">French Fleet Air Arm (ffaa.net): base histories, unit chronologies and aircraft inventories<\/a><span>the specialist reference for French naval air station histories, flottille and escadrille dates, and type-by-type delivery and withdrawal records<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.netmarine.net\/aero\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Net-Marine: aviation navale, bases and unit histories<\/a><span>reference pages on French naval air bases including Saint-Mandrier, and on aircraft and carriers<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/marine\/organisation\/les-forces\/aeronautique-navale\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es: L&rsquo;a&#233;ronautique navale<\/a><span>the navy&rsquo;s own presentation of the force, its missions and its bases<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gouv.fr\/sites\/default\/files\/ministere-armees\/Chiffres_Cle%CC%81s_2026FR-webVF.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Minist&#232;re des Arm&#233;es: Chiffres cl&#233;s de la D&#233;fense 2026<\/a><span>table 7.2 Marine nationale, chiffres au 31 d&#233;cembre 2025: Atlantique 2 (19)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dircam.dsae.defense.gouv.fr\/images\/Stories\/Doc\/MIAC2\/miac2_lanveoc_lfrl.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">DSAE\/DIRCAM MILAIP France: MIAC2 LFRL Lanv&#233;oc-Poulmic<\/a><span>ARP 48 16 57N 004 26 37W, ALT AD 287 ft<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dircam.dsae.defense.gouv.fr\/images\/Stories\/Doc\/MIAC2\/miac2_hyeres_lfth.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">DSAE\/DIRCAM MILAIP France: MIAC2 LFTH Hy&#232;res-Le Palyvestre<\/a><span>ALT AD 13 ft (1 hPa); ARP 43 05 50N 006 08 46E<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Figures verified 2026-09-13. Order of Battle pages are regenerated from a single dataset; if a number here disagrees with a Book of Beasts page, this page is the more recent of the two.<\/p>\n<p class=\"verified\">Photographs: Petty Officer 2nd Class John Wagner, US Navy, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .ph1{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/aeronautique-navale-rafale-m-hero.jpg)!important}#mfam .ph2{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/fr-dassault-rafale-m.jpg)!important}#mfam .ph3{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/fr-northrop-grumman-e-2c-hawkeye-2000.jpg)!important}#mfam 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