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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero photo\">\n<div class=\"heroimg ph1\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; Finland<\/div>\n<h1>Finnish Air Force<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">Ilmavoimat &middot; Flygvapnet<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">The Finnish Air Force was born on 6 March 1918 with a single donated Swedish aircraft, fought the Soviet Union twice between 1939 and 1944 with a mixed bag of foreign fighters and some of the highest claimed exchange ratios of the war, spent the Cold War buying MiGs and Drakens side by side under treaty limits, and in September 2026 landed its first F-35As at Rovaniemi as NATO&rsquo;s newest front-line air force on the Russian border.<\/p>\n<div class=\"marks\">\n<div class=\"mcol\">\n<div class=\"mark\"><svg class=\"rondel\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Finnish national marking: white centre inside a blue ring\"><circle cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"49\" fill=\"#ffffff\"\/><circle cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"47\" fill=\"#002f6c\"\/><circle cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"27\" fill=\"#ffffff\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"mk\">National marking<b>A white centre inside a blue ring. The roundel replaced the blue swastika, the marking since 1918, in 1945<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mark\"><svg class=\"rondel\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Finnish low-visibility roundel in grey tones\"><circle cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"49\" fill=\"#aeb6c2\"\/><circle cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"47\" fill=\"#6f7a8a\"\/><circle cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"27\" fill=\"#aeb6c2\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"mk\">Low-visibility<b>The roundel in subdued grey tones<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>11<\/b><span>Combat aircraft<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>5<\/b><span>Active air bases<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1918<\/b><span>Founded<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>19<\/b><span>Types retired<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"photocred\">Photo: Julian Herzog (Website) \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 4.0)<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Country<\/b>Finland<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Founded<\/b>1918<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Status<\/b>Active<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Headquarters<\/b>Tikkakoski (Jyv&#228;skyl&#228;)<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Commander<\/b>Timo Herranen<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>The Finnish Air Force story: one gift aircraft, two wars against the odds, and the F-35 on the Russian border<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1918&ndash;1939: one gift aircraft and a borrowed symbol<\/h3>\n<p>The service dates its birth to 6 March 1918, in the middle of the Finnish Civil War, when a Thulin typ D reconnaissance aircraft flew from Ume&#229; in Sweden to Vaasa, flown by Swedish Lieutenant Nils Kindberg with its donor, the Swedish Count Eric von Rosen, as passenger. An earlier attempt to deliver an aircraft had ended in failure at Pietarsaari. Von Rosen&rsquo;s aircraft carried his personal good-luck emblem, a blue swastika, and the new air arm adopted it as its national marking; it was used until 1945, long before and entirely apart from its later Nazi association. Between the wars the service built up slowly: 122 Hansa aircraft were built from 1922, the flying school moved to Kauhava in 1929, and a 1936 armament programme brought the Fokker D.XXI fighter, built under licence by the State Aircraft Factory, and the Bristol Blenheim bomber.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1939&ndash;1940: the Winter War, few against many<\/h3>\n<p>When the Soviet Union attacked on 30 November 1939, the Air Force had just over one hundred aircraft against more than a thousand Soviet combat aircraft facing Finland. It fought for 105 days. The official history credits it with more than 300 aerial victories for 62 of its own aircraft destroyed and 35 damaged, and records 75 airmen killed or missing; ten pilots became aces. The emblematic day was 6 January 1940, when Lieutenant Jorma Sarvanto, flying a Fokker D.XXI from Utti, shot down six of seven DB-3 bombers heading for Kuopio in four to five minutes. Help came from abroad, but mostly too late: 30 Gladiators, 33 Fiat G.50s, 30 Moranes, 12 Hurricanes and 44 Brewsters were bought or donated and arrived in the first months of 1940, and a Swedish volunteer wing flew in Lapland. The peace of March 1940 still cost Finland territory.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1941&ndash;1945: the Continuation War, the Brewster legend and the Lapland War<\/h3>\n<p>In the Continuation War, from June 1941 to September 1944, an air force of about 550 aircraft, roughly half of them combat types, claimed about 1,600 aerial victories for 182 aircraft lost, and 87 of its pilots became aces. Eino Ilmari Juutilainen, with 94 victories, and Hans Wind, with 75, head the list. The Brewster Model 239, a disappointment with other air forces, became a legend: Finnish sources credit it with 459 to 480 victories for 15 to 19 losses in air combat. From 1943 the Bf 109G, 159 of them delivered from Germany, carried the fight. These are wartime claims, not verified kills, and later research has trimmed some of them, but the pattern is not in doubt. After the armistice the Air Force turned on its former ally in the Lapland War, losing 10 of 60 aircraft before its last sortie on 4 April 1945.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1947&ndash;1991: treaty limits, MiGs and Drakens side by side<\/h3>\n<p>Peace came with hard limits. The Paris Peace Treaty of 1947 capped the Air Force at 60 combat aircraft and 3,000 personnel and banned aircraft with internal bomb bays, guided missiles and atomic weapons; the Ju 88s and Blenheims went to training and scrap. Neutral Finland then bought from both sides of the Iron Curtain, with the treaty and politics in mind: Vampires from Britain in 1953, Gnats in 1957, a squadron of MiG-21Fs from the Soviet Union in 1962, Swedish Drakens from 1972 and MiG-21bis from 1978. For two decades the MiG-21 at Rissala and the Draken at Rovaniemi and Pirkkala flew side by side, one of the few air forces anywhere to do so. The Hawk replaced the Magister as the jet trainer from 1980, and the service began preparing dispersed road bases for use in a crisis.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1992&ndash;2023: the Hornet, the HX contest and NATO<\/h3>\n<p>The end of the Cold War freed Finland to buy a first-rank Western fighter. In 1992 the government chose the F\/A-18 Hornet after four finalists had flown test sorties at Halli; 64 were delivered from November 1995 to 2000, 57 single-seaters assembled by Patria in Finland and seven two-seaters built in the United States. Two mid-life upgrades, completed in 2016, added air-to-ground weapons including JDAM and JASSM. The Hornet&rsquo;s replacement, the HX programme, began in 2015 with a government ceiling of 10 billion euros. On 10 December 2021 Finland chose 64 F-35A Block 4 fighters for about 8.378 billion euros; critics pointed to lifetime costs that reference works put at 25 to 40 billion euros, the government to the F-35&rsquo;s highest overall score in the evaluation. On 4 April 2023 Finland joined NATO, ending decades of military non-alignment.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">2024&ndash;2026: the F-35 arrives, the Hornet bows out<\/h3>\n<p>The transition is now under way. Retired Hornets have been flown to Pirkkala to be stripped for spare parts since April 2024, and HN-409 was destroyed at Rovaniemi on 7 May 2025 during air-show practice, the pilot ejecting safely. Finland&rsquo;s first F-35A, JF-501, was rolled out at Fort Worth on 16 December 2025; eight aircraft train Finnish pilots at Ebbing in Arkansas, and on 18 September 2026 JF-510 and JF-512 landed at Rovaniemi. The Lapland Air Wing is to fly only the F-35 from 2028; Rissala follows, and the Hornet goes by the end of 2030. NATO membership has brought an Icelandic air-policing rotation in 2025 and, on 24 September 2026, the first joint Finnish-Swedish identification of Russian aircraft. In 2025 the Air Force also said it would replace the last four unit flags that still bore the old swastika.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"pull\">When the Soviet Union attacked on 30 November 1939, the Air Force had just over one hundred aircraft against more than a thousand Soviet combat aircraft facing Finland. It fought for 105 days.<cite>Finnish Air Force &middot; verified 2026-09-28<\/cite><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>The Finnish Air Force in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Service<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Native name<\/dt>\n<dd>Ilmavoimat (Finnish); Flygvapnet (Swedish)<span class=\"gnote\">The official names in Finland&rsquo;s two national languages, as used on the service&rsquo;s own website. The Air Force is one of the three services of the Finnish Defence Forces (Puolustusvoimat \/ F&#246;rsvarsmakten)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Founded<\/dt>\n<dd>6 March 1918<span class=\"gnote\">The day Count Eric von Rosen&rsquo;s Thulin typ D landed at Vaasa during the Civil War; the service treats it as its founding day and marked its centenary in 2018. Von Rosen&rsquo;s blue swastika was the national marking until 1945; it left the Air Force Command emblem after a 2017 decision, and in 2025 the last four unit flags bearing it were ordered replaced<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Part of<\/dt>\n<dd>Finnish Defence Forces<span class=\"gnote\">Alongside the Army and the Navy. Army helicopters (NH90 and MD 500 at Utti) belong to the Army and are not counted on this page<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Headquarters<\/dt>\n<dd>Air Force Command Finland, Tikkakoski<span class=\"gnote\">At Jyv&#228;skyl&#228;&ndash;Tikkakoski, which also houses the Air Operations Centre that runs 24\/7 air surveillance and air policing. Air Force Command moved into underground facilities at Luonetj&#228;rvi (Tikkakoski) in 1972<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Commander<\/dt>\n<dd>Maj. Gen. Timo Herranen<span class=\"gnote\">In post since 1 December 2024; promoted major general on 6 December 2024. Former commander of the Karelia Air Wing<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Minister of Defence<\/dt>\n<dd>Antti H&#228;kk&#228;nen<span class=\"gnote\">In office in September 2026, in Prime Minister Orpo&rsquo;s government<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Strength<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Personnel<\/dt>\n<dd>About 2,000<span class=\"gnote\">Uniformed and civilian together, per the Air Force. It also trains about 1,300 conscripts a year. Wartime strength is not published<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Combat aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>F\/A-18C\/D Hornet &mdash; 64 delivered 1995&ndash;2000, being retired; current number not published<\/li>\n<li>F-35A Lightning II &mdash; 64 ordered; at least 11 delivered by late September 2026, two of them in Finland<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Both types will fly side by side until the Hornet leaves service at the end of 2030<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Trainers<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>BAE Hawk Mk 51, 51A and 66 &mdash; about 32 modernised aircraft (Patria, c. 2021)<\/li>\n<li>Grob G 115E &mdash; 28<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">41 of 67 Hawks were withdrawn with fatigue between 2012 and 2016. The Valmet Vinka left service in 2022<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Transport and liaison<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>CASA C-295M<\/li>\n<li>Learjet 35A\/S<\/li>\n<li>Pilatus PC-12NG<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Flown by the Supporting Air Operations Squadron at Pirkkala. The Air Force does not publish the numbers; reference works list three C-295M, two Learjets and six PC-12NG<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Ground-based air defence<\/dt>\n<dd>David&rsquo;s Sling selected<span class=\"gnote\">Not an aircraft. The government announced the choice of the Israeli high-altitude system on 5 April 2023. Air defence fire control for all three services is an Air Force wartime task<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Defence budget<\/dt>\n<dd>About 6.5 billion euros (2025)<span class=\"gnote\">The Ministry of Defence budget for 2025, as cited in reference works; 2024 spending was about 2.3 per cent of GDP. Figures for 2026 were not confirmed from an official source for this page<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Infrastructure<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Flying wings<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Lapland Air Wing (Lapin lennosto) &mdash; Rovaniemi, Hornet and F-35A<\/li>\n<li>Karelia Air Wing (Karjalan lennosto) &mdash; Rissala, Kuopio, Hornet<\/li>\n<li>Satakunta Air Wing (Satakunnan lennosto) &mdash; Pirkkala, transport, liaison and test flying<\/li>\n<li>Air Force Academy (Ilmasotakoulu) &mdash; Tikkakoski, Hawk and Grob<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Swedish: Lapplands, Karelens and Satakunta flygflottilj and Luftkrigsskolan<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Main operating bases<\/dt>\n<dd>4<span class=\"gnote\">Rovaniemi, Rissala, Pirkkala and Tikkakoski, all shared with civil airports. Kauhava (flying ended 2014), Pori (1985) and Halli (garrison closed 2013) are former bases<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Road bases<\/dt>\n<dd>Dispersed highway strips<span class=\"gnote\">The Air Force prepares road bases around the country for use in a crisis; locations are not published<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Readiness<\/dt>\n<dd>24\/7 air policing<span class=\"gnote\">Hornets on quick reaction alert; from 2028 the F-35 takes over in Lapland. The first joint Finnish-Swedish QRA identification was flown on 24 September 2026<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Display team<\/dt>\n<dd>Midnight Hawks<span class=\"gnote\">Four Hawks plus a spare, flown by Fighter Squadron 41 instructors at Tikkakoski since 1997<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Museum<\/dt>\n<dd>Finnish Air Force Museum, Tikkakoski<span class=\"gnote\">More than 3,600 objects, including von Rosen&rsquo;s Thulin, Fokker D.XXI FR-110, Hurricane HC-452 and Brewster BW-372<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"structure\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Structure<\/div>\n<h2>How the Finnish Air Force is organised<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">One command at Tikkakoski over three air wings and the Air Force Academy. <span class=\"imp\">Two wings fly fighters, Lapland at Rovaniemi and Karelia at Rissala; the third, Satakunta, flies transport and test aircraft and keeps the air bases of southern Finland running.<\/span> Army helicopters at Utti belong to the Army and are not counted here.<\/p>\n<div class=\"org\">\n<div class=\"cmdcard\"><span class=\"cface mono\">TH<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"cmdtx\"><span class=\"crank\">Major General (kenraalimajuri)<\/span><b>Timo Herranen<\/b><span class=\"cmeta\">Commander of the Finnish Air Force (Ilmavoimien komentaja) &middot; in office since 2024<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"cmdorg\"><span>Air Force Command Finland<\/span><em>Ilmavoimien esikunta<\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgrow\">\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Headquarters<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Air Force Command Finland<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">Ilmavoimien esikunta<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Tikkakoski<\/div>\n<p>Commands the service from Tikkakoski, where it moved into underground facilities in 1972, and houses the Air Operations Centre that runs round-the-clock air surveillance and air policing. Commander Maj. Gen. Timo Herranen since 1 December 2024.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Front line<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Lapland Air Wing<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">Lapin lennosto<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Rovaniemi<\/div>\n<p>Fighter Squadron 11 with the Hornet, and the first F-35As in Finland since 18 September 2026; the wing is to fly only the F-35 from 2028 and runs the 5th Control and Reporting Centre.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Front line<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Karelia Air Wing<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">Karjalan lennosto<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Rissala<\/div>\n<p>Fighter Squadron 31 with the Hornet, holding identification-flight readiness for southern Finland around the clock. The second F-35 base, with the first aircraft due in 2028.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Support<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Satakunta Air Wing<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">Satakunnan lennosto<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Pirkkala<\/div>\n<p>Transport and liaison flying with the Supporting Air Operations Squadron, test flying, and the upkeep of air bases across southern Finland. Its fighters left in 2014.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Training<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Air Force Academy<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">Ilmasotakoulu<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Tikkakoski<\/div>\n<p>All basic military flight training in Finland since 2015: the Grob G 115E and the Hawks of Fighter Squadron 41, whose instructors fly the Midnight Hawks.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"fleet\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">In service<\/div>\n<h2>What the Finnish Air Force flies today<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every type on charge, linked to its Book of Beasts page where one exists. <span class=\"imp\">Counts are aircraft on the books, not aircraft available on a given day.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-role\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-yr\">\n<col class=\"c-units\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">In service<\/th>\n<th>Since<\/th>\n<th>Units<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fa-18-hornet\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph2\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fa-18-hornet\/\">McDonnell Douglas F\/A-18C\/D Hornet<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Multirole fighter<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>1995<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>64 delivered between November 1995 and 2000: 57 single-seat C models assembled by Patria in Finland and seven two-seat D models built in the United States. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>Retirements for spare parts began in April 2024 and HN-409 was destroyed on 7 May 2025; the Air Force does not publish the current number.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-35-lightning-ii\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph3\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-35-lightning-ii\/\">Lockheed Martin F-35A Lightning II<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Multirole fighter<\/td>\n<td>11<\/td>\n<td>2025<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>At least 11 by late September 2026: JF-501 to JF-508 at Ebbing ANGB for training, JF-510 and JF-512 at Rovaniemi since 18 September 2026, and JF-511 held in the Azores with an avionics fault. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>Whether JF-509 had been accepted was not found.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bae-hawk\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph4\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bae-hawk\/\">BAE Hawk Mk 51, Mk 51A and Mk 66<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Advanced jet trainer<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>1980<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>75 acquired in all: 50 Mk 51 (four built in England, the rest assembled by Valmet at Kuorevesi), seven Mk 51A in 1993&ndash;1994 and 18 ex-Swiss Mk 66 bought in 2007. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>Patria put the modernised fleet at 32 around 2021; 41 of 67 were withdrawn with fatigue between 2012 and 2016.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph5\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Grob G 115E<span class=\"nflag nf3\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Germany\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Elementary trainer<\/td>\n<td>28<\/td>\n<td>2016<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>28 acquired; deliveries began in 2016.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph6\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Airbus (CASA) C-295M<span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Transport<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>2007<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>Number not published by the Air Force; reference works list three.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph7\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Learjet 35A\/S<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Liaison and utility<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>Number not published by the Air Force; reference works list two.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph8\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Pilatus PC-12NG<span class=\"nflag nf2\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Switzerland\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Liaison<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>2010<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>Number not published by the Air Force; reference works list six.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"fleetchart\">\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">G 115E<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:100%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">28<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">F-35A<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:39%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">11<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>On order<\/h3>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet ord\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-fd\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Ordered<\/th>\n<th>First delivery<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-35-lightning-ii\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph3\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-35-lightning-ii\/\">Lockheed Martin F-35A Lightning II (Block 4)<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td>53<\/td>\n<td>2025<\/td>\n<td>The balance of the 64 selected on 10 December 2021 and contracted through Letters of Offer and Acceptance signed on 11 February 2022, after at least 11 delivered by late September 2026. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>Deliveries run to 2030. The package of about 8.378 billion euros comprised 4.703 billion for the aircraft, 754.6 million for AMRAAM and Sidewinder missiles, 2.920 billion for support to 2030, 777 million for infrastructure and 823.8 million reserved for further weapons; AIM-120D-3 missiles were ordered in December 2025.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"former\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Formerly operated<\/div>\n<h2>Every type the Finnish Air Force has retired<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">19 types, from the Thulin typ D to the Saab 35S, 35BS, 35FS and 35CS Draken. <span class=\"imp\">Peak figures are airframes taken on charge over the whole service life, not fleet strength on any one date.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet former\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-role\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-srv\">\n<col class=\"c-rep\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Peak<\/th>\n<th>Served<\/th>\n<th>Replaced by<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/saab-35-draken\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph9\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/saab-35-draken\/\" class=\"was\">Saab 35S, 35BS, 35FS and 35CS Draken<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Interceptor<\/td>\n<td>49<\/td>\n<td>1972&ndash;2000<\/td>\n<td>F\/A-18 Hornet<\/td>\n<td>About 49: 12 new 35S assembled by Valmet (the first completed 12 March 1974) and 37 ex-Swedish 35B, 35C and 35F.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-21-fishbed\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph10\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-21-fishbed\/\" class=\"was\">Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21bis<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Interceptor<\/td>\n<td>26<\/td>\n<td>1978&ndash;1998<\/td>\n<td>F\/A-18 Hornet<\/td>\n<td>26 per the Wikipedia operators list, plus MiG-21UM and US trainers; six converted for reconnaissance.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph11\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fouga CM.170 Magister<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Jet trainer<\/td>\n<td>80<\/td>\n<td>1958&ndash;1988<\/td>\n<td>BAE Hawk<\/td>\n<td>18 French-built (1958&ndash;1959) and 62 built under licence by Valmet (1958&ndash;1967).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-21-fishbed\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph12\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-21-fishbed\/\" class=\"was\">Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21F-13<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Interceptor<\/td>\n<td>22<\/td>\n<td>1963&ndash;1986<\/td>\n<td>MiG-21bis<\/td>\n<td>22 per the Wikipedia operators list; the official history says only that a squadron&rsquo;s worth was bought in 1962. Plus two MiG-21U trainers.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph13\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Folland Gnat F.1<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td>13<\/td>\n<td>1958&ndash;1972<\/td>\n<td>Saab 35 Draken<\/td>\n<td>11 fighters and two photo-reconnaissance aircraft.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/de-havilland-vampire\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph14\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/de-havilland-vampire\/\" class=\"was\">de Havilland Vampire FB.52 and T.55<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>1953&ndash;1965<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>Six FB.52 fighters in 1953 and nine T.55 trainers in 1955.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bristol-blenheim\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph15\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bristol-blenheim\/\" class=\"was\">Bristol Blenheim Mk I and Mk IV<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bomber<\/td>\n<td>97<\/td>\n<td>1937&ndash;1958<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>75 Mk I and 22 Mk IV: 18 bought in 1937&ndash;1938, 24 from RAF stocks during the Winter War and 55 built by the State Aircraft Factory, the last in September 1944.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/messerschmitt-bf-109\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph16\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/messerschmitt-bf-109\/\" class=\"was\">Messerschmitt Bf 109G<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf3\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Germany\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td>159<\/td>\n<td>1943&ndash;1954<\/td>\n<td>Vampire and Gnat<\/td>\n<td>162 ordered (48 G-2, 111 G-6 and three G-8); three were destroyed in transit.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/do-17\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph17\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/do-17\/\" class=\"was\">Dornier Do 17Z<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf3\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Germany\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bomber<\/td>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>1942&ndash;1952<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>15 received in January 1942.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/brewster-buffalo\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph18\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/brewster-buffalo\/\" class=\"was\">Brewster Model 239 (F2A-1 export)<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td>44<\/td>\n<td>1940&ndash;1948<\/td>\n<td>Bf 109G<\/td>\n<td>44 bought in December 1939, arriving by early March 1940.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/morane-saulnier-ms-406\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph19\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/morane-saulnier-ms-406\/\" class=\"was\">Morane-Saulnier M.S.406 and M.S.410<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td>87<\/td>\n<td>1940&ndash;1948<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>30 from France in February 1940, plus 46 M.S.406 and 11 M.S.410 bought from Germany by 1943.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph20\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Curtiss Hawk 75A<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td>44<\/td>\n<td>1941&ndash;1948<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>44 captured French and Norwegian aircraft received from Germany, June 1941 to January 1944.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/ju-88\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph21\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/ju-88\/\" class=\"was\">Junkers Ju 88A-4<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf3\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Germany\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bomber<\/td>\n<td>24<\/td>\n<td>1943&ndash;1948<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>24 received in April 1943.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fiat-g50-freccia\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph22\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fiat-g50-freccia\/\" class=\"was\">Fiat G.50 Freccia<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf10\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Italy\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td>33<\/td>\n<td>1940&ndash;1946<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>35 ordered at the end of 1939; 33 delivered, two lost in transit.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/gloster-gladiator\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph23\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/gloster-gladiator\/\" class=\"was\">Gloster Gladiator Mk II<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td>30<\/td>\n<td>1940&ndash;1945<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>Ten donated and 20 bought from Britain, delivered 18 January to 16 February 1940.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hurricane Mk I<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<td>1940&ndash;1944<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>12 bought from Britain in February 1940; two were lost in accidents on the ferry flight.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph24\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Thulin typ D<\/td>\n<td>Reconnaissance<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>1918&ndash;<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>Two served in the Civil War; numbers beyond that not verified.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph25\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bristol Bulldog IVA and IIA<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td>19<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>Fokker D.XXI<\/td>\n<td>17 Mk IVA bought, plus two Mk IIA donated by Sweden in 1939.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fokker-d-xxi\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph26\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fokker-d-xxi\/\" class=\"was\">Fokker D.XXI<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf7\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the Netherlands\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td>97<\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<td>Brewster 239, Bf 109G<\/td>\n<td>Seven ordered from the Netherlands in November 1936 and 90 built under licence by the State Aircraft Factory in four series; 35 were complete before the Winter War.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"bases\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Air bases<\/div>\n<h2>Where the Finnish Air Force flies from<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Black pins are active bases, hollow pins the ones that have closed. <span class=\"imp\">All four main operating bases share their runways with civil airports, and the road bases prepared for a crisis are not published, so they are not on the map.<\/span> Utti is an Army helicopter base, listed because it was the Air Force&rsquo;s first land base.<\/p>\n<div class=\"mapframe\">\n<div id=\"oobmap\" class=\"oobmap\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"legend\"><span><i class=\"dot\"><\/i> Active air base<\/span><span><i class=\"dot was\"><\/i> Closed or reserve<\/span><span>Click a pin to open the base page<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"basefind\" data-filter=\"#basetbl\" data-item=\"tbody tr\" data-noun=\"air bases\" placeholder=\"Search bases, region, units, aircrafts\" aria-label=\"Search bases, region, units, aircrafts\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"basefind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"basefind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"basetbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Base<\/th>\n<th>ICAO<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Runway<\/th>\n<th>Units and aircraft<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr id=\"base-tampere-pirkkala\" data-base=\"tampere-pirkkala\" data-x=\"active active Satakunta Air Wing (Satakunnan lennosto), Pirkkala; commander Colonel Markus Leivo \">\n<td>Pirkkala<small>Satakunta Air Wing<\/small><span>Pirkanmaa<\/span><\/td>\n<td>EFTP<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>06\/24<\/span>2,700 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Supporting Air Operations Squadron (Tukilentolaivue)<\/span>: <span>CASA C-295M, Learjet 35A\/S, Pilatus PC-12NG<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span>Fighter Squadron 21 (H&#228;vitt&#228;j&#228;lentolaivue 21)<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/saab-35-draken\/\">Saab 35 Draken (ex-Swedish)<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fa-18-hornet\/\">F\/A-18C\/D Hornet<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-kuopio-rissala\" data-base=\"kuopio-rissala\" data-x=\"active active Karelia Air Wing (Karjalan lennosto), Siilinj&#228;rvi; commander Colonel Tomi B&#246;hm (as of October 2025) \">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/kuopio-rissala\/\">Rissala<small>Karelia Air Wing<\/small><\/a><span>North Savo (Pohjois-Savo)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>EFKU<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>15\/33<\/span>2,800 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Fighter Squadron 31 (H&#228;vitt&#228;j&#228;lentolaivue 31)<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fa-18-hornet\/\">F\/A-18C\/D Hornet<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-rovaniemi\" data-base=\"rovaniemi\" data-x=\"active active Lapland Air Wing (Lapin lennosto), Rovaniemi; commander Colonel Saku Joukas, who hands over to Colonel Tuukka Elonheimo on 1 October 2026 \">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/rovaniemi\/\">Rovaniemi<small>Lapland Air Wing<\/small><\/a><span>Lapland (Lappi)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>EFRO<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>03\/21<\/span>3,002 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Fighter Squadron 11 (H&#228;vitt&#228;j&#228;lentolaivue 11)<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fa-18-hornet\/\">F\/A-18C\/D Hornet<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-35-lightning-ii\/\">F-35A Lightning II<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-tikkakoski\" data-base=\"tikkakoski\" data-x=\"active active Air Force Academy (Ilmasotakoulu), Tikkakoski; Air Force Command (Ilmavoimien esikunta) is also located here \">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/tikkakoski\/\">Tikkakoski<small>Air Force Academy<\/small><\/a><span>Central Finland (Keski-Suomi)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>EFJY<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>12\/30<\/span>2,601 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Fighter Squadron 41 (H&#228;vitt&#228;j&#228;lentolaivue 41)<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bae-hawk\/\">BAE Hawk Mk 51, Mk 51A and Mk 66<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Air Force Academy elementary flight training<\/span>: <span>Grob G 115E<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span>Supporting Air Operations Squadron (Tukilentolaivue)<\/span>: <span>CASA C-295M, Learjet 35A\/S, Pilatus PC-12NG<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span>Flying Regiment 4, later 1st Wing and H&#228;me Air Wing (H&#228;meen Lennosto)<\/span>: <span>Bristol Blenheim, Dornier Do 17Z, Junkers Ju 88A, Messerschmitt Bf 109, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/de-havilland-vampire\/\">de Havilland Vampire<\/a>, Folland Gnat, Fouga Magister, MiG-21F, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/saab-35-draken\/\">Saab 35 Draken<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-kauhava\" data-base=\"kauhava\" data-x=\"active closed Last unit: Training Air Wing (Lentosotakoulu), merged into the Air Force Academy at Tikkakoski in the 2015 defence reform \" class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/kauhava\/\" class=\"was\">Kauhava<small>former Air Force Academy<\/small><\/a><span>South Ostrobothnia (Etel&#228;-Pohjanmaa)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>EFKA<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Closed 2014<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>17\/35<\/span>2,700 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"was\"><span>Air Force Academy (Ilmailukoulu; Ilmasotakoulu from 1938, Lentosotakoulu 1941&ndash;1952, Ilmasotakoulu again to 2004)<\/span>: <span>Valmet Vinka, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bae-hawk\/\">BAE Hawk Mk 51<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span>Training Air Wing (Lentosotakoulu)<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bae-hawk\/\">BAE Hawk Mk 51, Mk 51A and Mk 66<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-halli\" data-base=\"halli\" data-x=\"active closed Last Air Force units: Air Force Technical School and Air Force Test Flight Centre, until 2013 \" class=\"was\">\n<td>Halli<small>former Air Force garrison<\/small><span>Central Finland (Keski-Suomi)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>EFHA<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Closed 2013<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>08\/26<\/span>2,601 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"was\"><span>Air Force Test Flight Centre (Koelentokeskus)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-pori\" data-base=\"pori\" data-x=\"active closed Last unit: Satakunta Air Wing (Satakunnan Lennosto), until 1985 \" class=\"was\">\n<td>Pori<small>former Satakunta Air Wing<\/small><span>Satakunta<\/span><\/td>\n<td>EFPO<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Closed 1985<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>12\/30<\/span>2,351 m<\/span><span><span>17\/35<\/span>801 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"was\"><span>Satakunta Air Wing (Satakunnan Lennosto)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"basefind\">No air base matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"oob\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Order of battle<\/div>\n<h2>Who is stationed where in the Finnish Air Force<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Flying units by base, current units first. <span class=\"imp\">Fighter Squadron 11 flies in Lapland, 31 in Karelia and 41 at the Academy; 21 at Pirkkala was disbanded in 2014.<\/span> Where a unit designation could not be verified, the entry says so.<\/p>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"unitfind\" data-filter=\"#oobwrap\" data-item=\".oob\" data-noun=\"installations\" placeholder=\"Search squadrons, wings, aircraft, bases\" aria-label=\"Search squadrons, wings, aircraft, bases\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"unitfind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"unitfind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"oobwrap\" id=\"oobwrap\">\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Lapland (Lappi) active Lapland Air Wing (Lapin lennosto), Rovaniemi; commander Colonel Saku Joukas, who hands over to Colonel Tuukka Elonheimo on 1 October 2026\">\n<div><span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/rovaniemi\/\">Rovaniemi (Lapland Air Wing)<\/a> &middot; EFRO<\/span><em>Lapland Air Wing<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Fighter Squadron 11 (H&#228;vitt&#228;j&#228;lentolaivue 11)<small>Fighter squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fa-18-hornet\/\">F\/A-18C\/D Hornet<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-35-lightning-ii\/\">F-35A Lightning II<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"North Savo (Pohjois-Savo) active Karelia Air Wing (Karjalan lennosto), Siilinj&#228;rvi; commander Colonel Tomi B&#246;hm (as of October 2025)\">\n<div><span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/kuopio-rissala\/\">Rissala (Karelia Air Wing)<\/a> &middot; EFKU<\/span><em>Karelia Air Wing<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Fighter Squadron 31 (H&#228;vitt&#228;j&#228;lentolaivue 31)<small>Fighter squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fa-18-hornet\/\">F\/A-18C\/D Hornet<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Pirkanmaa active Satakunta Air Wing (Satakunnan lennosto), Pirkkala; commander Colonel Markus Leivo\">\n<div><span>Pirkkala (Satakunta Air Wing) &middot; EFTP<\/span><em>Satakunta Air Wing<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Supporting Air Operations Squadron (Tukilentolaivue)<small>Transport and liaison squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>CASA C-295M, Learjet 35A\/S, Pilatus PC-12NG<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">Fighter Squadron 21 (H&#228;vitt&#228;j&#228;lentolaivue 21)<small>1985&ndash;2014<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Saab 35 Draken (ex-Swedish), F\/A-18C\/D Hornet<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Central Finland (Keski-Suomi) active Air Force Academy (Ilmasotakoulu), Tikkakoski; Air Force Command (Ilmavoimien esikunta) is also located here\">\n<div><span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/tikkakoski\/\">Tikkakoski (Air Force Academy)<\/a> &middot; EFJY<\/span><em>Air Force Academy<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Fighter Squadron 41 (H&#228;vitt&#228;j&#228;lentolaivue 41)<small>Midnight Hawks (display team) &middot; Jet training squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bae-hawk\/\">BAE Hawk Mk 51, Mk 51A and Mk 66<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Air Force Academy elementary flight training<small>Elementary training &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Grob G 115E<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">Supporting Air Operations Squadron (Tukilentolaivue)<small>1997&ndash;2014<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">CASA C-295M, Learjet 35A\/S, Pilatus PC-12NG<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">Flying Regiment 4, later 1st Wing and H&#228;me Air Wing (H&#228;meen Lennosto)<small>1939&ndash;1973<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Bristol Blenheim, Dornier Do 17Z, Junkers Ju 88A, Messerschmitt Bf 109, de Havilland Vampire, Folland Gnat, Fouga Magister, MiG-21F, Saab 35 Draken<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"unitfind\">No unit matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>Finnish Air Force milestones, 1914 to today<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1918<\/div>\n<p>6 March: Count Eric von Rosen&rsquo;s Thulin typ D lands at Vaasa &mdash; the service&rsquo;s founding day. It carries von Rosen&rsquo;s blue swastika, which becomes the national marking until 1945.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1929<\/div>\n<p>The flying school moves from Santahamina to Kauhava, where Finnish military pilots will train for 85 years.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1936<\/div>\n<p>November: seven Fokker D.XXI fighters ordered, with a licence under which the State Aircraft Factory builds 90 more.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1939<\/div>\n<p>30 November: the Soviet Union attacks. On 1 December a Bulldog pilot, SSgt Toivo Uuttu, is credited with the first Finnish air victory.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1940<\/div>\n<p>6 January: Lt Jorma Sarvanto shoots down six DB-3 bombers in one sortie. February&ndash;March: Gladiators, Fiats, Moranes, Hurricanes and Brewsters arrive; the war ends in March after 105 days.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1941<\/div>\n<p>25 June: Soviet air raids on Finland open the Continuation War.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1943<\/div>\n<p>The first Bf 109Gs arrive from Germany; 159 are delivered.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1944<\/div>\n<p>February: three major Soviet raids on Helsinki. September: armistice with the Soviet Union and the start of the Lapland War against Germany.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1945<\/div>\n<p>4 April: last Finnish combat sortie of the Lapland War. The swastika gives way to the blue-and-white roundel.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1947<\/div>\n<p>The Paris Peace Treaty limits the Air Force to 60 combat aircraft and 3,000 personnel and bans bomb bays and guided missiles.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1952<\/div>\n<p>The Air Force is reorganised into three wings at Luonetj&#228;rvi (Tikkakoski), Pori and Utti.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1953<\/div>\n<p>The first jets, de Havilland Vampires, arrive from Britain.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1958<\/div>\n<p>31 July: Maj. Lauri Pekuri flies a Gnat faster than sound, a Finnish first. The last Blenheim flies on 20 May.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1962<\/div>\n<p>Finland buys a squadron of MiG-21F fighters, the first MiG-21 customer outside the Warsaw Pact.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1972<\/div>\n<p>Swedish Drakens enter service; the MiG-21bis follows from 1978. East and West fly side by side until 1998.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1980<\/div>\n<p>19 December: the first BAE Hawk is delivered; the Magister goes in 1988.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1992<\/div>\n<p>The government endorses the F\/A-18 Hornet; 64 are delivered from November 1995 to 2000.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2000<\/div>\n<p>16 August: the last Drakens are retired and all three fighter wings fly the Hornet.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2014<\/div>\n<p>Defence reform: flying ends at Kauhava and Fighter Squadron 21 leaves Pirkkala; the Hawks move to Tikkakoski.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2017<\/div>\n<p>The decision is taken to drop the swastika from the Air Force Command emblem; it becomes public in June 2020.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2021<\/div>\n<p>10 December: the government selects 64 F-35A fighters for about 8.378 billion euros; the Letters of Offer and Acceptance are signed on 11 February 2022.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2023<\/div>\n<p>4 April: Finland becomes NATO&rsquo;s 31st member.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2025<\/div>\n<p>Four Hornets fly Icelandic air policing in January&ndash;February. 7 May: HN-409 crashes at Rovaniemi; the pilot ejects. 16 December: JF-501, Finland&rsquo;s first F-35A, is rolled out at Fort Worth.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2026<\/div>\n<p>18 September: JF-510 and JF-512 land at Rovaniemi, the first F-35As in Finland. 24 September: first joint Finnish-Swedish identification of Russian aircraft.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"combat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Combat record<\/div>\n<h2>Every war the Finnish Air Force has fought<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Sorties and losses where the record gives them, and an honest blank where it does not.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip dark\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>4<\/b><span>conflicts<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1939<\/b><span>First<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>254<\/b><span>Aircraft lost<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>91<\/b><span>Killed<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"gl cml\">\n<li><b>The Winter War<\/b> <span class=\"de\">1939&ndash;1940<\/span> Defended Finnish airspace and supported the army against the Soviet invasion with just over a hundred aircraft<\/li>\n<li><b>The Continuation War<\/b> <span class=\"de\">1941&ndash;1944<\/span> Fought the Soviet air forces alongside the German campaign in the east, defended Finnish cities and supported the army through the 1944 Soviet offensive<\/li>\n<li><b>The Lapland War<\/b> <span class=\"de\">1944&ndash;1945<\/span> A special detachment of fighters and bombers supported the army in driving German forces out of Lapland under the armistice terms<\/li>\n<li><b>NATO air policing and Nordic QRA<\/b> <span class=\"de\">2025&ndash;<\/span> Since joining NATO the Air Force has flown an Icelandic air-policing rotation and integrates its 24\/7 quick reaction alert with Nordic allies<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a class=\"cbig\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/finnish-air-force\/combat-record\/\">Open the full combat record<\/a><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"news\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">From the magazine<\/div>\n<h2>Finnish Air Force news from Afterburner<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Everything MiGFlug&rsquo;s magazine has published on the Finnish Air Force and the aircraft it flies. <span class=\"imp\">This list refreshes itself &mdash; new Afterburner stories appear here automatically.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ngrid\" id=\"newsgrid\" data-cats=\"664,670,666\" data-term=\"finland\" data-match=\"finn|finland|ilmavoimat|rovaniemi|rissala|kuopio|tikkakoski|pirkkala|kauhava|lapland\" data-reject=\"Finnair\"><a class=\"ncard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/finland-sweden-first-joint-qra-intercept-gulf-of-finland-2026\/\"><span class=\"ncim ph27\"><\/span><span class=\"ncbody\"><time datetime=\"2026-09-25\">25 September 2026<\/time><span class=\"nct\">Finland and Sweden: First Joint Intercept Over the Gulf of Finland<\/span><span class=\"ncx\">Two air forces that spent decades outside every alliance scrambled together on 24 September 2026, and for the first time they did it as one.<\/span><span class=\"ncgo\">Read the story<\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"ncard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/finland-first-f-35a-arrival-rovaniemi-lapland-air-wing-2026\/\"><span class=\"ncim ph28\"><\/span><span class=\"ncbody\"><time datetime=\"2026-09-19\">19 September 2026<\/time><span class=\"nct\">Finland&rsquo;s First F-35s Land at Rovaniemi, Inside the Arctic Circle<\/span><span class=\"ncx\">JF-510 and JF-512 touched down at Lapland Air Wing on 18 September, escorted in by Finnish Hornets. They are the first two of sixty-four.<\/span><span class=\"ncgo\">Read the story<\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"ncard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/finland-f-35a-hornet-phase-out-lapland-2026\/\"><span class=\"ncim ph29\"><\/span><span class=\"ncbody\"><time datetime=\"2026-08-19\">19 August 2026<\/time><span class=\"nct\">Finland&rsquo;s Hornets Begin Their Final Countdown<\/span><span class=\"ncx\">For thirty years the sound of Finland&rsquo;s air defence has been the twin-engine howl of the F\/A-18 Hornet. Now the clock has started ticking down.<\/span><span class=\"ncgo\">Read the story<\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"ncard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/brewster-buffalo-finland-b-239-ace-maker\/\"><span class=\"ncim ph30\"><\/span><span class=\"ncbody\"><time datetime=\"2026-08-04\">4 August 2026<\/time><span class=\"nct\">The Fat Fighter That Became an Ace-Maker<\/span><span class=\"ncx\">Americans called the Brewster Buffalo the worst fighter of the war. In Finnish hands it ran up a 32-to-1 kill ratio.<\/span><span class=\"ncgo\">Read the story<\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"ncard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/usmc-f-35b-finnish-highway-ramstein-flag-2026\/\"><span class=\"ncim ph31\"><\/span><span class=\"ncbody\"><time datetime=\"2026-06-24\">24 June 2026<\/time><span class=\"nct\">Marines Land F-35Bs on a Finnish Highway<\/span><span class=\"ncx\">On the morning of 9 June a US Marine Corps F-35B sat on a two-lane road in the Finnish woods, taking on fuel.<\/span><span class=\"ncgo\">Read the story<\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"ncard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/ilmari-juutilainen-finlands-94-victory-ace-who-was-never-shot-down\/\"><span class=\"ncim ph32\"><\/span><span class=\"ncbody\"><time datetime=\"2026-04-29\">29 April 2026<\/time><span class=\"nct\">Ilmari Juutilainen: Finland&rsquo;s 94-Victory Ace Who Was Never Shot Down<\/span><span class=\"ncx\">Ninety-four aerial victories in the Brewster and the Bf 109, and never once shot down: the highest-scoring non-German ace of the Second World War.<\/span><span class=\"ncgo\">Read the story<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<p><a class=\"nmore\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/\">All stories in Afterburner<\/a><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about the Finnish Air Force<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>What aircraft does the Finnish Air Force fly in 2026?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Its fighters are the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fa-18-hornet\/\">F\/A-18 Hornet<\/a>, 64 of which were delivered from 1995 to 2000 and which is now being retired, and the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-35-lightning-ii\/\">F-35A<\/a> Lightning II, of which 64 are on order and at least 11 had been delivered by late September 2026. Pilots train on the Grob G 115E and the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bae-hawk\/\">BAE Hawk<\/a>; transport and liaison aircraft are the C-295M, Learjet 35 and PC-12NG.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is the Finnish Air Force called in Finnish and Swedish?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Ilmavoimat in Finnish and Flygvapnet in Swedish, Finland&rsquo;s two national languages; both names are used on the service&rsquo;s own website. It is part of the Finnish Defence Forces, Puolustusvoimat or F&#246;rsvarsmakten. The service has not been renamed recently.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>When was the Finnish Air Force founded?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">On 6 March 1918, when Count Eric von Rosen&rsquo;s gift aircraft, a Thulin typ D, landed at Vaasa during the Finnish Civil War. The Air Force celebrated its centenary in 2018.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why did the Finnish Air Force use a swastika?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Because its first aircraft came from the Swedish Count Eric von Rosen, whose personal good-luck emblem was a blue swastika. It was adopted in 1918, years before the Nazi party used the symbol, and has no connection with it. It was the national marking until 1945, when it was replaced by the blue-and-white roundel.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Does the Finnish Air Force still use the swastika?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Not on its aircraft since 1945, and not on the Air Force Command emblem since a decision taken in 2017, which only became widely known in June 2020. In August 2025 the Defence Forces said the four unit flags that still carried it, dating from the 1950s, would be replaced by a design with an eagle, because the symbol causes awkward situations with foreign visitors.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How did Finland do in the air in the Winter War?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Remarkably well for a force of just over a hundred aircraft. The official history credits it with more than 300 aerial victories for 62 aircraft destroyed and 75 airmen killed or missing in 105 days. Reference works give Finnish fighters about 200 to 218 victories, so the totals should be read as wartime claims.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Who shot down six bombers in one sortie?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Lieutenant Jorma Sarvanto, flying a <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fokker-d-xxi\/\">Fokker D.XXI<\/a> from Utti on 6 January 1940. He attacked seven DB-3 bombers heading for Kuopio and shot down six in four to five minutes, a feat the Air Force calls a world record. He ended the Winter War with 13 victories.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Was the Brewster Buffalo really a success in Finland?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. The <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/brewster-buffalo\/\">Brewster<\/a> that failed with the Americans and British was credited in Finnish hands with 459 to 480 victories for 15 to 19 losses in air combat, and a ratio of 1:32 early in the Continuation War. The spread comes from sources counting different squadrons and periods, and all rest on wartime claims.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Who was Finland&rsquo;s top fighter ace?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Warrant Officer Eino Ilmari Juutilainen, with 94 victories in the Continuation War, followed by Captain Hans Wind with 75. In all 87 Finnish pilots scored five or more victories in that war.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What fighters did Finland fly in the Second World War?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">A collection from almost every direction: the Dutch <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fokker-d-xxi\/\">Fokker D.XXI<\/a>, British <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/gloster-gladiator\/\">Gladiators<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\">Hurricanes<\/a>, Italian <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fiat-g50-freccia\/\">Fiat G.50s<\/a>, French <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/morane-saulnier-ms-406\/\">Moranes<\/a>, American <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/brewster-buffalo\/\">Brewsters<\/a> and captured Curtiss Hawk 75s, and from 1943 the German <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/messerschmitt-bf-109\/\">Bf 109G<\/a>. Bombers included the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bristol-blenheim\/\">Blenheim<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/do-17\/\">Do 17<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/ju-88\/\">Ju 88<\/a>.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How many Bf 109s did Finland have?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">162 were ordered from Germany &mdash; 48 G-2, 111 G-6 and three G-8 &mdash; and 159 arrived. They were credited with 663 victories in 1943&ndash;1944, 102 survived the war, and the last <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/messerschmitt-bf-109\/\">Bf 109<\/a>s were retired in March 1954.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Did Finland fight Germany too?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes, in the Lapland War of 1944&ndash;1945, after the armistice with the Soviet Union required Finland to expel German troops. An air detachment of 60 aircraft lost 10, and the last Finnish combat sortie was flown on 4 April 1945.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What did the Paris Peace Treaty mean for the Finnish Air Force?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The 1947 treaty limited it to 60 combat aircraft and 3,000 personnel, and banned aircraft with internal bomb bays, guided missiles and atomic weapons. The <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/ju-88\/\">Ju 88s<\/a> were grounded and scrapped as a result.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why did Finland fly both the MiG-21 and the Draken?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Neutral Finland bought from both sides of the Cold War, with an eye on relations with Moscow as well as the West. The <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-21-fishbed\/\">MiG-21<\/a> arrived from 1962 and the Swedish <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/saab-35-draken\/\">Draken<\/a> from 1972, and they served side by side until the MiG-21 went in 1998 and the Draken on 16 August 2000.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Was Finland the first MiG-21 customer outside the Warsaw Pact?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes, according to reference works: Finland bought a squadron of <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-21-fishbed\/\">MiG-21F<\/a> fighters in 1962 and later the MiG-21bis, flown by the Karelia Air Wing until 1998.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>When did Finland get the F\/A-18 Hornet?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The government chose the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fa-18-hornet\/\">F\/A-18 Hornet<\/a> in 1992 and the first six two-seaters arrived in November 1995. By 2000 all 64 had been delivered &mdash; 57 single-seaters assembled by Patria in Finland and seven two-seaters built in the United States.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why did Finland choose the F-35?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">In the HX competition the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-35-lightning-ii\/\">F-35A<\/a> received the highest overall score in the evaluation against the Super Hornet, Rafale, Typhoon and Gripen E. The government selected 64 on 10 December 2021 for about 8.378 billion euros, within a 10 billion euro ceiling set in 2019.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How much did the F-35 deal cost Finland?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">About 8.378 billion euros: 4.703 billion for the aircraft, 754.6 million for air-to-air missiles, 2.920 billion for support up to 2030, 777 million for infrastructure and 823.8 million for further weapons. Annual operating costs are to stay below 254 million euros. Critics have pointed to the much larger lifetime cost.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>When did the first F-35s arrive in Finland?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">On 18 September 2026, when JF-510 and JF-512 landed at Rovaniemi at 17.45 after a ferry flight from Fort Worth via the Azores. A third, JF-511, stayed in the Azores with an avionics fault. Eight more remain at Ebbing in Arkansas to train Finnish pilots until early 2028.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Where will Finland&rsquo;s F-35s be based?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">First at Rovaniemi with the Lapland Air Wing, which is to fly only the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-35-lightning-ii\/\">F-35A<\/a> from 2028, and then at Rissala near Kuopio with the Karelia Air Wing, which receives its first F-35s in 2028.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>When will the Hornet retire?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">By the end of 2030, when the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-35-lightning-ii\/\">F-35A<\/a> is to reach full operational capability. Retired <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fa-18-hornet\/\">F\/A-18 Hornet<\/a>s have been stripped for spares at Pirkkala since April 2024.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Will Finland give its Hornets to Ukraine?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">In April 2024 the Air Force said the retired Hornets being dismantled for spare parts were not suitable for transfer to Ukraine. No transfer had been announced by September 2026.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What happened to Hornet HN-409?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The F\/A-18C crashed at Rovaniemi Airport on 7 May 2025 while practising for an air show. The pilot ejected and was not injured.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>When did Finland join NATO and what changed for the Air Force?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">On 4 April 2023. The Air Force flew its first NATO air-policing rotation, four Hornets in Iceland, in January&ndash;February 2025, and on 24 September 2026 flew its first joint QRA identification of Russian aircraft with the Swedish Air Force.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Does Finland use motorways as runways?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The Air Force prepares dispersed road bases around the country for use in a crisis, a practice dating from the Cold War. Their locations are not published.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Where is the Finnish Air Force Museum?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">At Tikkakoski near Jyv&#228;skyl&#228;, beside the Air Force Academy. Its collection of more than 3,600 objects includes von Rosen&rsquo;s Thulin, the record-scoring Fokker D.XXI FR-110, Hurricane HC-452 and Brewster BW-372, raised from a Karelian lake in 1998.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Who commands the Finnish Air Force?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Major General Timo Herranen, since 1 December 2024. He previously commanded the Karelia Air Wing. The Minister of Defence is Antti H&#228;kk&#228;nen.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is the Finnish Air Force&rsquo;s display team?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The Midnight Hawks, four <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bae-hawk\/\">Hawks<\/a> plus a spare flown by instructors of Fighter Squadron 41 at Tikkakoski, a team since 1997.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What aircraft does the Finnish Air Force fly in 2026?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Its fighters are the F\/A-18 Hornet, 64 of which were delivered from 1995 to 2000 and which is now being retired, and the F-35A Lightning II, of which 64 are on order and at least 11 had been delivered by late September 2026. Pilots train on the Grob G 115E and the BAE Hawk; transport and liaison aircraft are the C-295M, Learjet 35 and PC-12NG.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the Finnish Air Force called in Finnish and Swedish?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Ilmavoimat in Finnish and Flygvapnet in Swedish, Finland\\u2019s two national languages; both names are used on the service\\u2019s own website. It is part of the Finnish Defence Forces, Puolustusvoimat or F\\u00f6rsvarsmakten. The service has not been renamed recently.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"When was the Finnish Air Force founded?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"On 6 March 1918, when Count Eric von Rosen\\u2019s gift aircraft, a Thulin typ D, landed at Vaasa during the Finnish Civil War. The Air Force celebrated its centenary in 2018.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Why did the Finnish Air Force use a swastika?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Because its first aircraft came from the Swedish Count Eric von Rosen, whose personal good-luck emblem was a blue swastika. It was adopted in 1918, years before the Nazi party used the symbol, and has no connection with it. It was the national marking until 1945, when it was replaced by the blue-and-white roundel.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Does the Finnish Air Force still use the swastika?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Not on its aircraft since 1945, and not on the Air Force Command emblem since a decision taken in 2017, which only became widely known in June 2020. 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He attacked seven DB-3 bombers heading for Kuopio and shot down six in four to five minutes, a feat the Air Force calls a world record. He ended the Winter War with 13 victories.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Was the Brewster Buffalo really a success in Finland?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. The Brewster that failed with the Americans and British was credited in Finnish hands with 459 to 480 victories for 15 to 19 losses in air combat, and a ratio of 1:32 early in the Continuation War. The spread comes from sources counting different squadrons and periods, and all rest on wartime claims.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Who was Finland\\u2019s top fighter ace?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Warrant Officer Eino Ilmari Juutilainen, with 94 victories in the Continuation War, followed by Captain Hans Wind with 75. In all 87 Finnish pilots scored five or more victories in that war.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What fighters did Finland fly in the Second World War?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"A collection from almost every direction: the Dutch Fokker D.XXI, British Gladiators and Hurricanes, Italian Fiat G.50s, French Moranes, American Brewsters and captured Curtiss Hawk 75s, and from 1943 the German Bf 109G. Bombers included the Blenheim, Do 17 and Ju 88.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How many Bf 109s did Finland have?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"162 were ordered from Germany \\u2014 48 G-2, 111 G-6 and three G-8 \\u2014 and 159 arrived. They were credited with 663 victories in 1943\\u20131944, 102 survived the war, and the last Bf 109s were retired in March 1954.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Did Finland fight Germany too?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes, in the Lapland War of 1944\\u20131945, after the armistice with the Soviet Union required Finland to expel German troops. An air detachment of 60 aircraft lost 10, and the last Finnish combat sortie was flown on 4 April 1945.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What did the Paris Peace Treaty mean for the Finnish Air Force?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The 1947 treaty limited it to 60 combat aircraft and 3,000 personnel, and banned aircraft with internal bomb bays, guided missiles and atomic weapons. The Ju 88s were grounded and scrapped as a result.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Why did Finland fly both the MiG-21 and the Draken?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Neutral Finland bought from both sides of the Cold War, with an eye on relations with Moscow as well as the West. The MiG-21 arrived from 1962 and the Swedish Draken from 1972, and they served side by side until the MiG-21 went in 1998 and the Draken on 16 August 2000.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Was Finland the first MiG-21 customer outside the Warsaw Pact?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes, according to reference works: Finland bought a squadron of MiG-21F fighters in 1962 and later the MiG-21bis, flown by the Karelia Air Wing until 1998.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"When did Finland get the F\/A-18 Hornet?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The government chose the F\/A-18 Hornet in 1992 and the first six two-seaters arrived in November 1995. By 2000 all 64 had been delivered \\u2014 57 single-seaters assembled by Patria in Finland and seven two-seaters built in the United States.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Why did Finland choose the F-35?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"In the HX competition the F-35A received the highest overall score in the evaluation against the Super Hornet, Rafale, Typhoon and Gripen E. The government selected 64 on 10 December 2021 for about 8.378 billion euros, within a 10 billion euro ceiling set in 2019.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How much did the F-35 deal cost Finland?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"About 8.378 billion euros: 4.703 billion for the aircraft, 754.6 million for air-to-air missiles, 2.920 billion for support up to 2030, 777 million for infrastructure and 823.8 million for further weapons. Annual operating costs are to stay below 254 million euros. Critics have pointed to the much larger lifetime cost.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"When did the first F-35s arrive in Finland?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"On 18 September 2026, when JF-510 and JF-512 landed at Rovaniemi at 17.45 after a ferry flight from Fort Worth via the Azores. A third, JF-511, stayed in the Azores with an avionics fault. Eight more remain at Ebbing in Arkansas to train Finnish pilots until early 2028.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Where will Finland\\u2019s F-35s be based?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"First at Rovaniemi with the Lapland Air Wing, which is to fly only the F-35A from 2028, and then at Rissala near Kuopio with the Karelia Air Wing, which receives its first F-35s in 2028.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"When will the Hornet retire?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"By the end of 2030, when the F-35A is to reach full operational capability. Retired F\/A-18 Hornets have been stripped for spares at Pirkkala since April 2024.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Will Finland give its Hornets to Ukraine?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"In April 2024 the Air Force said the retired Hornets being dismantled for spare parts were not suitable for transfer to Ukraine. No transfer had been announced by September 2026.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What happened to Hornet HN-409?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The F\/A-18C crashed at Rovaniemi Airport on 7 May 2025 while practising for an air show. The pilot ejected and was not injured.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"When did Finland join NATO and what changed for the Air Force?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"On 4 April 2023. The Air Force flew its first NATO air-policing rotation, four Hornets in Iceland, in January\\u2013February 2025, and on 24 September 2026 flew its first joint QRA identification of Russian aircraft with the Swedish Air Force.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Does Finland use motorways as runways?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The Air Force prepares dispersed road bases around the country for use in a crisis, a practice dating from the Cold War. Their locations are not published.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Where is the Finnish Air Force Museum?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"At Tikkakoski near Jyv\\u00e4skyl\\u00e4, beside the Air Force Academy. Its collection of more than 3,600 objects includes von Rosen\\u2019s Thulin, the record-scoring Fokker D.XXI FR-110, Hurricane HC-452 and Brewster BW-372, raised from a Karelian lake in 1998.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Who commands the Finnish Air Force?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Major General Timo Herranen, since 1 December 2024. He previously commanded the Karelia Air Wing. The Minister of Defence is Antti H\\u00e4kk\\u00e4nen.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the Finnish Air Force\\u2019s display team?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The Midnight Hawks, four Hawks plus a spare flown by instructors of Fighter Squadron 41 at Tikkakoski, a team since 1997.\"}}]}<\/script><hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"gallery\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Read the aircraft the Finnish Air Force flew<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every type with a page in the Book of Beasts, in service first, then by the year it left the fleet.<\/p>\n<div class=\"acgrid\"><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fa-18-hornet\/\"><span class=\"im ph2\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>McDonnell Douglas F\/A-18C\/D Hornet<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-35-lightning-ii\/\"><span class=\"im ph3\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Lockheed Martin F-35A Lightning II<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bae-hawk\/\"><span class=\"im ph4\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>BAE Hawk Mk 51, Mk 51A and Mk 66<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fokker-d-xxi\/\"><span class=\"im ph26\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Fokker D.XXI<span class=\"nflag nf7\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the Netherlands\"><\/span><\/b><em>&mdash;<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/saab-35-draken\/\"><span class=\"im ph9\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Saab 35S, 35BS, 35FS and 35CS Draken<\/b><em>1972&ndash;2000<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-21-fishbed\/\"><span class=\"im ph10\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21bis<\/b><em>1978&ndash;1998<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-21-fishbed\/\"><span class=\"im ph12\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21F-13<\/b><em>1963&ndash;1986<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/de-havilland-vampire\/\"><span class=\"im ph14\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>de Havilland Vampire FB.52 and T.55<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/b><em>1953&ndash;1965<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bristol-blenheim\/\"><span class=\"im ph15\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Bristol Blenheim Mk I and Mk IV<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/b><em>1937&ndash;1958<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/messerschmitt-bf-109\/\"><span class=\"im ph16\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Messerschmitt Bf 109G<span class=\"nflag nf3\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Germany\"><\/span><\/b><em>1943&ndash;1954<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/do-17\/\"><span class=\"im ph17\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Dornier Do 17Z<span class=\"nflag nf3\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Germany\"><\/span><\/b><em>1942&ndash;1952<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/brewster-buffalo\/\"><span class=\"im ph18\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Brewster Model 239 (F2A-1 export)<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/b><em>1940&ndash;1948<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/morane-saulnier-ms-406\/\"><span class=\"im ph19\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Morane-Saulnier M.S.406 and M.S.410<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><\/b><em>1940&ndash;1948<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/ju-88\/\"><span class=\"im ph21\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Junkers Ju 88A-4<span class=\"nflag nf3\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Germany\"><\/span><\/b><em>1943&ndash;1948<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fiat-g50-freccia\/\"><span class=\"im ph22\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Fiat G.50 Freccia<span class=\"nflag nf10\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Italy\"><\/span><\/b><em>1940&ndash;1946<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/gloster-gladiator\/\"><span class=\"im ph23\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Gloster Gladiator Mk II<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/b><em>1940&ndash;1945<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\"><span class=\"im none\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Hawker Hurricane Mk I<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/b><em>1940&ndash;1944<\/em><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/en\/history\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Finnish Air Force: History of the Finnish Air Force<\/a><span>Official history: 6 March 1918, Winter War, Continuation War and Lapland War figures, Paris treaty limits, jet types, Hornet assembly, 1952 wings, road bases<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/en\/air-force-command\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Finnish Air Force: Air Force Command<\/a><span>Air Force Command Finland at Jyv&#228;skyl&#228;&ndash;Tikkakoski; Air Operations Centre; subordinate units<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/en\/frontpage\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Finnish Air Force: front page (English)<\/a><span>Commander Timo Herranen from 1 December 2024; current news<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/en\/about-us\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Finnish Air Force: About us<\/a><span>About 2,000 personnel, about 1,300 conscripts a year, four main bases, 24\/7 air policing, wartime tasks<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/sv\/framsida\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Flygvapnet (ilmavoimat.fi, Swedish-language front page)<\/a><span>Official Swedish names: Flygvapnet, F&#246;rsvarsmakten, Lapplands, Karelens and Satakunta flygflottilj, Luftkrigsskolan<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/-\/esittelyssa-ilmavoimien-komentaja\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ilmavoimat: Esittelyss&#228; Ilmavoimien komentaja (2 December 2024)<\/a><span>Herranen took command on 1 December 2024 as brigadier general, promoted major general on 6 December 2024; former commander of the Karelia Air Wing<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/en\/finaf100\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Finnish Air Force: FINAF 100<\/a><span>Centenary 2018; Sarvanto&rsquo;s six DB-3s on 6 January 1940<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/en\/international-cooperation\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Finnish Air Force: International cooperation<\/a><span>Arctic Challenge since 2013; cross-border training; FISE 2015; four-Hornet detachment capability since 2010; NATO Response Force pool 2018<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/en\/development-of-finlands-air-defence-capability\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Finnish Air Force: Development of Finland&rsquo;s air defence capability<\/a><span>Hornet decision 1992, deliveries 1995&ndash;2000, MLU 1 2006&ndash;2010, MLU 2 2012&ndash;2016, JDAM\/JSOW 2017, JASSM 2018<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/-\/lockheed-martin-f-35a-lightning-ii-on-suomen-seuraava-monitoimihavittaja?languageId=en_US\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ilmavoimat: The Lockheed Martin F-35A Lightning II is Finland&rsquo;s next multi-role fighter (10 December 2021)<\/a><span>64 F-35A Block 4, about 8.378 billion euros, cost breakdown, weapons package, 254 million euro annual operating ceiling<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/en\/-\/the-status-of-the-f-35-programme\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Finnish Air Force: The status of the F-35 Programme (15 September 2023)<\/a><span>Rovaniemi underground construction from September 2023; Rissala works; about 2 billion euros reserved for upgrades<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/-\/katsaus-f-35-hankkeen-tilanteeseen?languageId=en_US\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ilmavoimat: Review of the F-35 Programme&rsquo;s current status (28 November 2024)<\/a><span>IOC beginning of 2028, FOC end of 2030, infrastructure budget raised by inflation, Lapland Hornets out by 2028<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/-\/suomen-ensimmainen-f-35a-monitoimihavittaja-esiteltiin-yleisolle-rollout-seremoniassa?languageId=en_US\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ilmavoimat: Finland&rsquo;s first F-35A presented at a rollout ceremony (16 December 2025)<\/a><span>JF-501 rolled out at Fort Worth 16 December 2025, first flight 8 December 2025; Minister Antti H&#228;kk&#228;nen; serials JF-501 to JF-564<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/-\/suomen-ensimmainen-f-35a-monitoimihavittaja-saapui-ebbingin-lentotukikohtaan?languageId=en_US\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ilmavoimat: Finland&rsquo;s first F-35A arrives at Ebbing Air National Guard Base (January 2026)<\/a><span>JF-501 at Ebbing on 20 January 2026; about 150 personnel in US training; JF-501 to JF-508 stay at Ebbing<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/-\/ilmavoimien-ohjaaja-lensi-ensimmaista-kertaa-f-35a-monitoimihavittajalla\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ilmavoimat: Ilmavoimien ohjaaja lensi ensimm&#228;ist&#228; kertaa F-35A-monitoimih&#228;vitt&#228;j&#228;ll&#228; (16 April 2026)<\/a><span>First Finnish pilot flight in the F-35A, JF-502 at Ebbing, 15 April 2026<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/en\/-\/finnish-air-force-to-cooperate-more-closely-with-european-f-35-users\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Finnish Air Force: Finnish Air Force to cooperate more closely with European F-35 users (17 September 2026)<\/a><span>First Finnish F-35 pilot flight in Europe at &#216;rland on 17 September 2026<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/en\/-\/finland-s-first-f-35-fighters-have-arrived-in-finland\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Finnish Air Force: Finland&rsquo;s first F-35 fighters have arrived in Finland (18 September 2026)<\/a><span>JF-510 and JF-512 landed at Rovaniemi at 17.45 on 18 September 2026; eight Lot 17 aircraft training in the US; IOC beginning of 2028; FOC end of 2030; arrival ceremony 1 October<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/en\/-\/the-finnish-air-force-aircraft-jf-511-will-arrive-in-finland-during-this-autumn\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Finnish Air Force: The Finnish Air Force aircraft JF-511 will arrive in Finland during this autumn (20 September 2026)<\/a><span>Finnish and Belgian six-aircraft ferry left the US on 15 September 2026; JF-511 held in the Azores with an avionics fault<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/en\/-\/finland-and-sweden-identify-russian-aircraft-together-for-the-first-time\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Finnish Air Force: Finland and Sweden identify Russian aircraft together for the first time (25 September 2026)<\/a><span>First joint Finnish-Swedish QRA identification, Gulf of Finland, 24 September 2026<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/puolustusvoimat.fi\/en\/hx-fighter-program\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Finnish Defence Forces: F-35 Programme<\/a><span>Programme page: Lapland Air Wing 2026, Karelia Air Wing 2028, FOC and Hornet retirement end of 2030, training at Ebbing ANGB; gives IOC as end of 2027<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/puolustusvoimat.fi\/-\/1951206\/f-35-suorituskyvyn-rakentaminen-konkretisoituu-ensimmainen-havittaja-syksylla-suomeen?languageId=en_US\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Finnish Defence Forces: Building the F-35 capability becomes concrete (30 March 2026)<\/a><span>JF-501 delivered 23 December 2025; IOC beginning of 2028; Karelia 2028; F135 engine maintenance in Finland 2030; AIM-120D-3 ordered December 2025<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/puolustusvoimat.fi\/web\/historia\/ilmavoimat\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Puolustusvoimat, Historia ja perinteet: Ilmavoimat<\/a><span>Service history: 1918 detachments, 1936 programme, type introductions, 1952 wings, 2012&ndash;2015 reform<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/puolustusvoimat.fi\/web\/historia\/lapin-lennoston-historia\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Puolustusvoimat, Historia ja perinteet: Lapin lennoston historia<\/a><span>Luonetj&#228;rvi 1939, Rovaniemi 16 August 1973, Draken to 2000<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/puolustusvoimat.fi\/web\/historia\/karjalan-lennosto\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Puolustusvoimat, Historia ja perinteet: Karjalan lennosto<\/a><span>Antrea 1918, Utti, Rissala 1960&ndash;1961, MiG-21 to 1998<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/puolustusvoimat.fi\/web\/historia\/ilmasotakoulu\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Puolustusvoimat, Historia ja perinteet: Ilmasotakoulu<\/a><span>Kauhava 1929 to 2014, Tikkakoski 2005, merger 2015<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/logistiikkalaitos.fi\/-\/1948673\/hx-hankkeen-ensimmaiset-sopimukset-allekirjoitettu?languageId=en_US\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Defence Forces Logistics Command: First HX Fighter Programme agreements signed (11 February 2022)<\/a><span>LOAs signed by Maj. Gen. Kari Renko in Tampere; industrial participation signed by Minister Antti Kaikkonen; 64 F-35A Block 4, 2025&ndash;2030; 30 per cent industrial participation<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defmin.fi\/ajankohtaista\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Puolustusministeri&#246;: Ajankohtaista (news, September 2026)<\/a><span>Defence Minister H&#228;kk&#228;nen in releases of 18&ndash;28 September 2026<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nato.int\/cps\/en\/natohq\/news_213448.htm\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NATO: Finland joins NATO as 31st Ally (4 April 2023)<\/a><span>Accession on 4 April 2023; protocol signed 5 July 2022<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimamuseo.fi\/kokoelmat\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Suomen Ilmavoimamuseo: Kokoelmat<\/a><span>Finnish Air Force Museum, Tikkakoski; more than 3,600 objects<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimamuseo.fi\/museoesineet\/thulin-typ-d-f-1-2\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Suomen Ilmavoimamuseo: Thulin typ D (F.1)<\/a><span>Von Rosen&rsquo;s gift, flown from Ume&#229; to Vaasa on 6 March 1918 by Lt Nils Kindberg; swastikas on the wings<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimamuseo.fi\/museoesineet\/brewster\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Suomen Ilmavoimamuseo: Brewster BW-372<\/a><span>44 bought December 1939; 480 victories; 1:32 early Continuation War ratio; BW-372 raised 1998<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimamuseo.fi\/museoesineet\/fokker-d-xxi-fr-110\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Suomen Ilmavoimamuseo: Fokker D.XXI FR-110<\/a><span>Seven ordered November 1936, 90 built by the State Aircraft Factory; 191 victories, 130 in the Winter War; FR-110 9&#189; victories<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimamuseo.fi\/museoesineet\/hawker-hurricane-mk-i-hc-452\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Suomen Ilmavoimamuseo: Hawker Hurricane Mk I HC-452<\/a><span>12 bought February 1940, two lost ferrying; 5&#189; victories in all<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thedefensepost.com\/2020\/07\/02\/finlands-air-force-swastika\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Defense Post: Finland&rsquo;s air force quietly drops swastika from its emblem (2 July 2020)<\/a><span>Decision to change the emblem made in 2017; noticed publicly on 30 June 2020; roundel since 1945<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defensenews.com\/global\/europe\/2025\/08\/30\/swastikas-on-some-finland-air-force-flags-to-be-phased-out\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Defense News: Swastikas on some Finland air force flags to be phased out (30 August 2025)<\/a><span>Four unit flags from the 1950s to be replaced with an eagle design<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/aviation-safety.net\/wikibase\/509322\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Aviation Safety Network wikibase 509322: F\/A-18C HN-409<\/a><span>Crash at Rovaniemi during air-show practice, 7 May 2025; pilot ejected<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.patriagroup.com\/patria-in-finland\/media\/patria-magazine\/patria100\/hawkit-palvelleet-ilmavoimia-jo-nelja-vuosikymmenta\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Patria: Hawkit palvelleet ilmavoimia jo nelj&#228; vuosikymment&#228;<\/a><span>First Hawk 19 December 1980; 50 plus 7 plus 18; 32 modernised aircraft in service at the time of writing<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pirkkalainen.fi\/2024\/04\/26\/ilmavoimien-komentaja-lensi-ensimmaisen-hornetin-pirkkalasta-purettavaksi-eivat-sovellu-ukrainaan-vietaviksi\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Pirkkalainen: Ilmavoimien komentaja lensi ensimm&#228;isen Hornetin Pirkkalasta purettavaksi (26 April 2024)<\/a><span>First Hornet retired for spare parts; not suitable for transfer to Ukraine<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/-\/grob-kalusto-uudistaa-alkeis-ja-peruslentokoulutusta-ilmavoimissa\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ilmavoimat: Grob-kalusto uudistaa alkeis- ja peruslentokoulutusta (January 2018)<\/a><span>28 Grob G 115E<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ruotuvaki.fi\/-\/vinkan-korvaaja-nostaa-koulutuksen-uudelle-tasolle\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ruotuv&#228;ki: Vinka-alkeiskoulukoneiden korvaaja nostaa koulutuksen uudelle tasolle<\/a><span>Vinka farewell at Tikkakoski 31 August 2022<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/-\/kuljetus-ja-yhteyskonekoulutusta-jamijarven-lentopaikalla\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ilmavoimat: Kuljetus- ja yhteyskonekoulutusta J&#228;mij&#228;rven lentopaikalla (30 April 2020)<\/a><span>Supporting Air Operations Squadron types: C-295M, PC-12NG, Learjet 35A\/S<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/en\/midnight-hawks-en\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Finnish Air Force: Midnight Hawks aerobatic team<\/a><span>Fighter Squadron 41 instructors, four Hawks, since 1997<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lentoposti.fi\/uutiset\/pirkkalan_jattavat_hornetit_tervehtivat_satakuntaa_ja_pirkanmaata_paivystys_ei_lopu\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Lentoposti: Pirkkalan j&#228;tt&#228;v&#228;t Hornetit terveht&#228;v&#228;t Satakuntaa ja Pirkanmaata (5 June 2014)<\/a><span>Fighter Squadron 21 farewell 6 June 2014<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/lentoposti.fi\/uutiset\/lapin_lennosto_operoi_vuoden_2028_alussa_vain_f_35_kalustolla_foc_saavutetaan_2030_loppuun_menness\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Lentoposti: Lapin lennosto operoi vuoden 2028 alussa vain F-35 -kalustolla (18 September 2026)<\/a><span>Lapland Air Wing F-35 only from early 2028<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/maavoimat.fi\/en\/utti-jaeger-regiment\/about-us\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Finnish Army: Utti Jaeger Regiment, About us<\/a><span>Army Helicopter Battalion: 20 NH90 and seven MD 500 (not Air Force)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ais.fi\/eaip\/06%20AUG%202026_2026_08_06\/index.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">eAIP Suomi \/ Finland, AD 2 aerodrome data (AIRAC AMDT 06 AUG 2026)<\/a><span>Aerodrome data for EFRO, EFKU, EFTP, EFJY and closed bases<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/en\/lapland-air-command\/about-us\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Finnish Air Force: Lapland Air Wing, About us<\/a><span>Personnel, commander, Fighter Squadron 11, cross-border training<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/karjalan-lennosto\/tietoa-meista\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ilmavoimat: Karjalan lennosto, Tietoa meist&#228;<\/a><span>Location, personnel, Fighter Squadron 31 readiness for southern Finland<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/en\/satakunta-air-command\/about-us\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Finnish Air Force: Satakunta Air Wing, About us<\/a><span>Organisation, commander, missions<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/ilmasotakoulu\/tietoa-meista\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ilmavoimat: Ilmasotakoulu, Tietoa meist&#228;<\/a><span>Hawk and Grob G 115 training at Tikkakoski<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/-\/hawkien-paluu\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ilmavoimat: Hawkit palasivat kotikent&#228;lle Tikkakoskelle (20 February 2024)<\/a><span>Temporary move to Pirkkala due to runway damage<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/-\/lennosto_50_vuotta_rovaniemella\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ilmavoimat: Lapin lennoston juhlatapahtuma Rovaniemell&#228; 18. elokuuta (August 2023)<\/a><span>Move from Luonetj&#228;rvi to Rovaniemi in summer 1973<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/-\/hallin-ilmailu-80-vuotta\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ilmavoimat: Hallin ilmailu 80 vuotta (8 October 2020)<\/a><span>Airfield and factory 1940; Test Flight Centre to Pirkkala 2013; Patria<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/puolustusvoimat.fi\/web\/historia\/satakunnan-lennosto\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Puolustusvoimat, Historia ja perinteet: Satakunnan lennosto<\/a><span>Pori main base to 1985, Aitovuori 1965, Pirkkala 1985, Draken 1985<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pirkkalainen.fi\/2026\/04\/23\/satakunnan-lennoston-tukilentolaivue-jarjestaa-pristine-flank-26-harjoituksen\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Pirkkalainen: Satakunnan lennoston Tukilentolaivue j&#228;rjest&#228;&#228; Pristine Flank 26 -harjoituksen (23 April 2026)<\/a><span>Tukilentolaivue at Pirkkala with C-295M, Learjet 35A\/S and PC-12NG<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/yle.fi\/a\/3-7005709\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Yle: Hallin varuskunta hiljenee, mutta lentokentt&#228; s&#228;ilyy sotilask&#228;yt&#246;ss&#228; (31 December 2013)<\/a><span>Garrison closure 31 December 2013; airfield stays in military use<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/lapin-lennosto\/tietoa-meista\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ilmavoimat: Lapin lennosto, Tietoa meist&#228;<\/a><span>Finnish-language unit page: squadrons, radar stations from northern Lapland to Kainuu; gives staff as about 450.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/karjalan-lennosto\/tietoa-meista\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Karjalan lennosto: tietoa meist&#228;<\/a><span>About 500 personnel, about 250 conscripts; unit list; HavLLv 31 rapid readiness for southern Finland with the 5th and 7th Command Centres; Flight Technical Squadron 168 people.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ilmavoimat.fi\/-\/f-35-havittajien-infran-rakennustyot-karjalan-lennostossa-etenevat-aikataulussaan\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">F-35-h&#228;vitt&#228;jien infran rakennusty&#246;t Karjalan lennostossa etenev&#228;t aikataulussaan (1 October 2025)<\/a><span>Planning 2022, building from 2023, mostly done in 2027, first F-35s during 2028; shelters, maintenance, training and storage buildings; barracks early 2025; Highway 9 alternate landing site autumn 2025; Colonel Tomi B&#246;hm commander; Lt Col Samuli Tanttu quote.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/puolustusvoimat.fi\/web\/historia\/ilmavoimien-esikunta\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Puolustusvoimat, Historia ja perinteet: Ilmavoimien esikunta<\/a><span>Founded Mikkeli 28 April 1918; Munkkiniemi 1942&ndash;1973; move to Tikkakoski 18 December 1973<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lskbusinesspark.fi\/info\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">LSK Business Park: info<\/a><span>Current owner of the former school area. Name chronology incl. Lentosotakoulu 1 Feb 1941&ndash;1 Dec 1952; purchase 30 April 2014; 420 ha, 45,000 m2, about 50 tenants.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/lentopaikat.fi\/kauhava-efka\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Kauhava (EFKA)<\/a><span>Finnish aerodrome directory. Runway 17\/35 2,700 x 60 m asphalt; owner LSK Business Park Oy, operator Ilmasotakoulun Lentokerho ry; no winter maintenance.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Figures verified 2026-09-28. Order of Battle pages are regenerated from a single dataset; if a number here disagrees with a Book of Beasts page, this page is the more recent of the two.<\/p>\n<p class=\"verified\">Photographs: Photo: Julian Herzog (Website) \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 4.0) &middot; Photo: U.S. Air Force photo by Airman 1st Class Tabatha Chapman \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: James from Cheltenham, Gloucestershire \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0) &middot; Photo: Colin Cooke Photo \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0) &middot; Photo: Anna Zvereva from Tallinn, Estonia \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0) &middot; Photo: MKFI \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: Ruuhinen \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0) &middot; Photo: nezn&#225;m&#253; (unknown) \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: Unknown authorUnknown author \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: Sot.virk. P.J&#228;nis \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: Sot.virk. V.Hollming \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: Sot.virk. A.Viitasalo \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: Heikki Roivainen, \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: SA-kuva \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: Template:Erik Lyly \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: SA-kuva is a photograph archive site storing solely photographs from the 20th-century wart \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: unknown \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: Sot.virk. Niilo Helander \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: born1945 from Hillsboro, Oregon, USA \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0) &middot; Photo: Heikki Immonen \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 3.0) &middot; Photo: Jyrki Laukkanen \/ Suomen Ilmailumuseo \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 2.0)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .ph1{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/w4-hero-finnish-air-force.jpg)!important}#mfam .ph2{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:07Oi.d752\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/w4-fi-t-01.jpg)!important}#mfam .ph3{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:07Oi.d752\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/w4-fi-t-02.jpg)!important}#mfam 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