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#mfam .rondel{width:58px;height:58px} #mfam .finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero\">\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/uzbekistan-air-and-air-defence-forces\/\">Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces<\/a><\/div>\n<h1>Every war the Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces have fought<\/h1>\n<p class=\"sub\">Uzbekistan&rsquo;s air force went to war within weeks of its creation: for the Tajik government against the United Tajik Opposition, which regarded the intervention as outside interference, against the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan in Kyrgyzstan in 1999&ndash;2000, and over northern Afghanistan in 2001. Uzbekistan has published no official account of these operations, so the record rests on Human Rights Watch and on secondary sources, each of them named. Where a consolidated sortie or loss figure exists in the official record it is given here; where accounts disagree, the range is shown and the disagreement named. Blank cells are blank because no figure could be verified, not because the fighting was small.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"combat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">From the Soviet war in Afghanistan to the Afghan aircraft that crossed the border in 2021.<\/p>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"warfind\" data-filter=\"#combattbl\" data-item=\"tbody tr.crow\" data-noun=\"conflicts\" placeholder=\"Search conflicts, countries, aircraft, years\" aria-label=\"Search conflicts, countries, aircraft, years\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"warfind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"warfind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt cbt\" id=\"combattbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Conflict<\/th>\n<th>Years<\/th>\n<th>Against<\/th>\n<th>Main aircraft<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Sorties<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Aircraft lost<\/th>\n<th><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd0\" data-x=\"Afghanistan, from bases in the Uzbek SSR Soviet Air Forces and Air Defence Forces of the Turkestan Military District (49th Air Army from 1988) Alongside Democratic Republic of Afghanistan MiG-29 (115th Guards Fighter Regiment, Kokaydy) Soviet helicopter regiments at Kagan and Chirchiq\">\n<td>Soviet&ndash;Afghan War<span class=\"cwho\">the predecessor regiments on the Afghan border<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Soviet Air Forces and Air Defence Forces of the Turkestan Military District (49th Air Army from 1988)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1979&ndash;1989<\/td>\n<td>Afghan mujahideen<\/td>\n<td>MiG-29 (115th Guards Fighter Regiment, Kokaydy), Soviet helicopter regiments at Kagan and Chirchiq<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd0\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd0\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Units that Uzbekistan later inherited sat on the Afghan border and supported the 40th Army; Uzbekistan itself did not exist as a state.<\/p>\n<p>The Turkestan Military District, headquartered in Tashkent, was the rear of the Soviet war in Afghanistan, and the airfields of the Uzbek SSR were its nearest bases. Wikipedia says the MiG-29s that Uzbekistan inherited had belonged to the 115th Guards Fighter Regiment at Kokaydy, near Termez, and had provided air cover for Soviet forces in Afghanistan. The district&rsquo;s helicopter regiments at Kagan and Chirchiq, with Mi-6, Mi-8 and Mi-24V helicopters in 1988, were also taken over by Uzbekistan. The sources checked do not give sortie counts or losses for these units, so none are given here.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Soviet withdrawal completed in February 1989; the units passed to Uzbekistan in 1992.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Regiment-level involvement rests on Wikipedia; it was not verified in primary sources.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Soviet Air Forces and Air Defence Forces of the Turkestan Military District (49th Air Army from 1988)<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Afghanistan, from bases in the Uzbek SSR<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>Democratic Republic of Afghanistan<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Afghan mujahideen<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>MiG-29 (115th Guards Fighter Regiment, Kokaydy), Soviet helicopter regiments at Kagan and Chirchiq<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">No sortie figures for the regiments later taken over by Uzbekistan were found.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">Losses of the units later inherited by Uzbekistan were not established.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mikoyan_MiG-29\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkestan_Military_District\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ww2.dk\/new\/air%20force\/regiment\/iap\/115gviap.htm\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Michael Holm, ww2.dk<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd1\" data-x=\"Southern and eastern Tajikistan Uzbekistan Air Force Alongside Government of Tajikistan (Popular Front) and Russia MiG-29 Su-17M Su-24 Su-25 Mi-8 Mi-24\">\n<td>Tajikistani Civil War<span class=\"cwho\">air support for the Tajik government<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Uzbekistan Air Force<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1992&ndash;1993<\/td>\n<td>United Tajik Opposition<\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-29-fulcrum\/\">MiG-29<\/a>, Su-17M, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-24-fencer\/\">Su-24<\/a><span class=\"cwho\">and 3 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd1\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd1\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Uzbek jets and helicopters supported the Tajik government side against the United Tajik Opposition, according to Wikipedia citing Drozdov (2021).<\/p>\n<p>Within weeks of taking over its Soviet regiments, Uzbekistan used them in its neighbour&rsquo;s civil war. Wikipedia, citing the Russian aviation historian Drozdov, says helicopter regiments from Chirchiq and Kagan and fighter-bomber regiments from Dzhizak and Kokaydy, with the mixed regiment at Tashkent-Vostochny, supported the government side against the Islamist-led United Tajik Opposition from September 1992 to May 1993, and were later used against opposition positions in eastern Tajikistan. Losses were one Su-24, two Mi-8s and one Mi-24. HRW recorded that a Su-24M was brought down by a Stinger on 3 May 1993. Wikipedia&rsquo;s article on the war says Russian and Uzbek help allowed the Popular Front to rout the opposition in 1992. Casualty estimates for the whole war vary from 20,000 to 150,000.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> With Russian and Uzbek help the Popular Front routed the opposition in 1992 (Wikipedia); the war went on until the peace agreement of 27 June 1997, with an estimated 20,000&ndash;150,000 killed.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">The air campaign is documented mainly through one secondary source (Drozdov, via Wikipedia); Uzbekistan has published no official account. The UTO regarded Uzbek intervention as outside interference.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Uzbekistan Air Force<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Southern and eastern Tajikistan<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>Government of Tajikistan (Popular Front) and Russia<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>United Tajik Opposition<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-29-fulcrum\/\">MiG-29<\/a>, Su-17M, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-24-fencer\/\">Su-24<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-25-frogfoot\/\">Su-25<\/a>, Mi-8, Mi-24<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">No sortie figures were found.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>4 aircraft<span class=\"cwho\">One Su-24, two Mi-8s and one Mi-24 (Drozdov via Wikipedia); a Su-24M was shot down by a Stinger on 3 May 1993 (HRW via Wikipedia). Crew casualties were not found.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uzbekistan_Air_and_Air_Defence_Forces\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sukhoi_Su-24\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tajikistani_Civil_War\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd2\" data-x=\"Southern Kyrgyzstan, northern Tajikistan and southern Uzbekistan Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces Alongside Kyrgyzstan Su-17 Su-24 Mi-8 Mi-24\">\n<td>Batken conflict and IMU incursions<span class=\"cwho\">Kara-Teyit, 1999<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1999&ndash;2000<\/td>\n<td>Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan<\/td>\n<td>Su-17, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-24-fencer\/\">Su-24<\/a>, Mi-8<span class=\"cwho\">and 1 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd2\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd2\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd2\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Uzbek aircraft attacked Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan fighters who had crossed from Tajikistan into Kyrgyzstan&rsquo;s Batken region, and again during the 2000 incursions.<\/p>\n<p>In August 1999 several hundred IMU fighters &mdash; 500 to 1,000 by HRW&rsquo;s account &mdash; entered southern Kyrgyzstan from Tajikistan and took hostages, including four Japanese geologists. Uzbekistan sent aircraft to support the Kyrgyz offensive. Human Rights Watch reported that on 29 August 1999 the Uzbek air force mistakenly bombed the Kyrgyz village of Kara-Teyit, killing four, injuring 280 and leaving 31 families homeless, and that the Tajik government and the UTO blamed Uzbekistan for bombing Tajik territory. Wikipedia, citing Drozdov, lists Su-17s, Su-24s, Mi-8s and Mi-24s, one Su-24 shot down, and two Mi-8s lost in operations in November&ndash;December 1999 and August&ndash;September 2000.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> The 1999 incursion was pushed back by Kyrgyz forces in the autumn (Wikipedia); new incursions followed in August&ndash;September 2000.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Uzbekistan did not publish its own account; the Kara-Teyit figures are HRW&rsquo;s and the losses are Drozdov&rsquo;s via Wikipedia.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Southern Kyrgyzstan, northern Tajikistan and southern Uzbekistan<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>Kyrgyzstan<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Su-17, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-24-fencer\/\">Su-24<\/a>, Mi-8, Mi-24<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">No sortie figures were found.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>3 aircraft<span class=\"cwho\">One Su-24 shot down in the first fighting and two Mi-8s lost in later operations (Drozdov via Wikipedia). On 29 August 1999 Uzbek aircraft killed four civilians at Kara-Teyit, Kyrgyzstan, and injured 280 (HRW).<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/legacy\/wr2k\/Eca-13.htm\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Human Rights Watch World Report 2000<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/legacy\/wr2k\/Eca-19.htm\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Human Rights Watch World Report 2000<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uzbekistan_Air_and_Air_Defence_Forces\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Batken_Conflict\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd3\" data-x=\"Northern Afghanistan, near the Uzbek border Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces No allied air arm Su-24\">\n<td>Afghan civil war<span class=\"cwho\">the Su-24 lost near Hairatan<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2001<\/td>\n<td>Taliban<\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-24-fencer\/\">Su-24<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd3\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd3\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd3\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Uzbek aircraft attacked Taliban positions near the border before the US intervention, according to secondary sources.<\/p>\n<p>Little is on record about Uzbek air operations over Afghanistan before 11 September 2001. FlightGlobal reported on 2 October 2001 that an Uzbek Su-24 had been shot down by the Taliban. Wikipedia&rsquo;s Su-24 article, citing the Air Combat Information Group, dates the loss to 6 June 2001 near Hairatan, opposite Termez, during an attack on Taliban positions, and says both crew were killed.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Isolated action; Uzbekistan gave the US access to Karshi-Khanabad in October 2001.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">No Uzbek official statement on the loss was found; details rest on ACIG and FlightGlobal.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Northern Afghanistan, near the Uzbek border<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Taliban<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-24-fencer\/\">Su-24<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">No sortie figures were found.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>1 aircraft &middot; 2 killed<span class=\"cwho\">One Su-24 shot down on 6 June 2001 near Hairatan, both crew killed (ACIG, via Wikipedia).<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sukhoi_Su-24\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flightglobal.com\/news\/articles\/russia-opens-way-for-us-attack-137003\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">FlightGlobal \/ Flight International<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd4\" data-x=\"Karshi-Khanabad and Termez Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces (host) Alongside United States and Germany US and German aircraft only\">\n<td>Operation Enduring Freedom (host nation)<span class=\"cwho\">Karshi-Khanabad (K2)<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces (host)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2001&ndash;2005<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>US and German aircraft only<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd4\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd4\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd4\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Host nation: US forces flew from Karshi-Khanabad and Germany from Termez; no Uzbek combat sorties are recorded.<\/p>\n<p>Uzbekistan gave the United States access to Karshi-Khanabad on 5 October 2001. The base, K2 or Camp Stronghold Freedom, held about 7,000 US personnel between 2001 and 2005 and was used for special forces, combat search and rescue and airlift into Afghanistan. Germany was allowed a transport base at Termez for its ISAF contingent, with about 163 troops by the CRS count. After the Andijan events of May 2005 and Western criticism, Uzbekistan restricted night and heavy-transport flights in June and at the end of July demanded that the Americans leave within six months; they left on 21 November 2005. Uzbekistan later let NATO use Navoi airport for supplies from 2009.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Uzbekistan demanded at the end of July 2005 that the US leave within six months; US operations at K2 ended on 21 November 2005.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">The Uzbek government linked the eviction to foreign criticism; the US reaction to Andijan is described in US sources.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces (host)<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Karshi-Khanabad and Termez<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>United States and Germany<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>US and German aircraft only<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">The US 416th Air Expeditionary Group averaged about 200 passengers and 100 tons of cargo a day (GlobalSecurity).<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>0 aircraft &middot; 0 killed<span class=\"cwho\">No Uzbek losses recorded.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/www.everycrsreport.com\/reports\/RS21238.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Congressional Research Service RS21238<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/facility\/khanabad.htm\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">GlobalSecurity.org<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Karshi-Khanabad_Air_Base\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.militarytimes.com\/news\/pentagon-congress\/2020\/02\/27\/post-911-veterans-attribute-deadly-cancers-to-contaminants-at-us-base-in-uzbekistan\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Military Times<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uzbekistan-United_States_relations\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2005_Andijan_unrest\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd5\" data-x=\"Surxondaryo region and Termez airport Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces No allied air arm MiG-29\">\n<td>Afghan aircraft entering Uzbek airspace<span class=\"cwho\">Termez, August 2021<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2021<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-29-fulcrum\/\">MiG-29<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd5\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd5\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd5\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Air defence response to 46 Afghan military aircraft crossing the border as the Islamic Republic collapsed.<\/p>\n<p>As Kabul fell on 15 August 2021, Afghan Air Force crews flew north. Uzbekistan said 46 aircraft &mdash; 22 fixed-wing and 24 helicopters &mdash; had been &ldquo;forced&rdquo; to land, with 585 servicemen aboard. An A-29 Super Tucano came down after crossing the border. Initial reports said it had been shot down; The War Zone later reported it had collided with an Uzbek MiG-29, with the loss of both aircraft, and Wikipedia notes that the Uzbek authorities issued conflicting accounts of the cause. Satellite images of Termez on 16 August showed at least six A-29s, about 11 PC-12s, about seven Black Hawks and about 19 Mi-17-type helicopters.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> The aircraft were impounded at Termez; in August 2024 the US said they would stay in Uzbekistan.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">The cause of the A-29 loss and the fate of the MiG-29 were never settled in an official Uzbek statement available to us.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Surxondaryo region and Termez airport<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-29-fulcrum\/\">MiG-29<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">No official figures.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>1 aircraft &middot; 0 killed<span class=\"cwho\">An Afghan A-29 was lost after crossing the border and, by The War Zone&rsquo;s account, an Uzbek MiG-29 was also lost in a collision; the Afghan pilots ejected. Uzbek casualties were not reported.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/www.twz.com\/42040\/dozens-of-u-s-bought-afghan-air-force-aircraft-are-now-orphaned-at-an-uzbek-airfield\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The War Zone<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fall_of_Kabul_(2021)\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/kun.uz\/en\/news\/2025\/09\/12\/uzbekistans-mfa-calls-reports-on-helicopter-transfer-to-afghanistan-fake-news\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Kun.uz<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.khaama.com\/us-and-uzbekistan-agree-on-afghanistan-military-aircraft\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Khaama Press<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/kun.uz\/en\/news\/2022\/09\/20\/us-may-give-about-50-former-afghan-aircraft-to-uzbekistan-and-tajikistan\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Kun.uz<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"warfind\">Nothing matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every figure, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flightglobal.com\/news\/articles\/russia-opens-way-for-us-attack-137003\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">FlightGlobal \/ Flight International: Russia opens way for US attack (2 October 2001, Paul Lewis)<\/a><span>Uzbekistan flies MiG-29s, Su-17s and Su-24s; an Uzbek Su-24 was shot down by the Taliban; Tuzel and Chirchiq offered; US 82nd Airborne and C-17s at Chirchiq in 1997.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/facility\/khanabad.htm\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">GlobalSecurity.org: Karshi-Khanabad (K2)<\/a><span>US access granted 5 October 2001; 10th Mountain Division troops; 416th Air Expeditionary Group; after Andijan night flying and heavy transports were restricted in June 2005.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.everycrsreport.com\/reports\/RS21238.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Congressional Research Service RS21238: Uzbekistan: Recent Developments and U.S. Interests (21 August 2013)<\/a><span>K2 agreement October 2001; demand at the end of July 2005 to leave within six months; US ceased operations at K2 on 21 November 2005; German base at Termez with about 163 troops; Navoi opened for NATO supplies in 2009; CSTO: left 1999, rejoined December 2006, suspended 20 June 2012; EU arms embargo lifted October 2009.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.militarytimes.com\/news\/pentagon-congress\/2020\/02\/27\/post-911-veterans-attribute-deadly-cancers-to-contaminants-at-us-base-in-uzbekistan\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Military Times: Post-9\/11 veterans attribute deadly cancers to contaminants at US base in Uzbekistan (27 February 2020, Patricia Kime)<\/a><span>About 7,000 US personnel at K2 2001&ndash;2005; contaminants listed in DoD documents; H.R. 5957.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ww2.dk\/new\/air%20force\/regiment\/iap\/115gviap.htm\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Michael Holm, ww2.dk: 115th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment<\/a><span>At Kokaydy October 1947&ndash;May 1992; MiG-15 to MiG-29; taken over by Uzbekistan May 1992, renamed 61st Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment in 1993.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/legacy\/wr2k\/Eca-13.htm\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Human Rights Watch World Report 2000: Kyrgyzstan<\/a><span>On 29 August 1999 the Uzbek air force mistakenly bombed Kara-Teyit, killing four, injuring 280 and leaving 31 families homeless; IMU incursion of 22 August 1999.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/legacy\/wr2k\/Eca-19.htm\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Human Rights Watch World Report 2000: Tajikistan<\/a><span>Uzbekistan blamed by the Tajik government and the UTO for bombing Tajik territory while supporting the Kyrgyz offensive in 1999.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.twz.com\/42040\/dozens-of-u-s-bought-afghan-air-force-aircraft-are-now-orphaned-at-an-uzbek-airfield\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The War Zone: Dozens of U.S.-bought Afghan Air Force aircraft are now orphaned at an Uzbek airfield (17 August 2021, Joseph Trevithick)<\/a><span>Uzbek statement: 46 aircraft (22 fixed-wing, 24 helicopters) forced to land; satellite image of 16 August at Termez; one A-29 lost, first reported shot down, later said to have collided with an Uzbek MiG-29 with the loss of both aircraft; the A-29 pilots ejected.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.khaama.com\/us-and-uzbekistan-agree-on-afghanistan-military-aircraft\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Khaama Press: US and Uzbekistan agree on Afghanistan military aircraft (27 August 2024)<\/a><span>22 aircraft and 24 helicopters entered Uzbekistan in August 2021; Taliban defence minister Mohammad Yaqoob&rsquo;s warnings.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/kun.uz\/en\/news\/2022\/09\/20\/us-may-give-about-50-former-afghan-aircraft-to-uzbekistan-and-tajikistan\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Kun.uz: US may give about 50 former Afghan aircraft to Uzbekistan and Tajikistan (20 September 2022)<\/a><span>Citing Politico: about 46 aircraft, about 25 per cent of usable Afghan aircraft; Uzbekistan says they belong to the United States.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/kun.uz\/en\/news\/2025\/09\/12\/uzbekistans-mfa-calls-reports-on-helicopter-transfer-to-afghanistan-fake-news\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Kun.uz: Uzbekistan&rsquo;s MFA calls reports on helicopter transfer to Afghanistan fake news (12 September 2025)<\/a><span>Afghan media claimed 57 helicopters would be returned; MFA spokesman Ahror Burkhanov: &ldquo;this is fake news&rdquo;; 22 aircraft, 24 helicopters and 585 servicemen entered in August 2021.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Figures verified 2026-09-30. <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/uzbekistan-air-and-air-defence-forces\/\">Back to the Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .nflag{background-image:url(https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/aircraft-manufacturer-country-flags-v4.png)!important}#mfam .nf0{background-position:-2px -2px}#mfam .nf1{background-position:-24px -2px}#mfam .nf2{background-position:-46px -2px}#mfam .nf3{background-position:-68px -2px}#mfam .nf4{background-position:-90px -2px}#mfam .nf5{background-position:-112px -2px}#mfam .nf6{background-position:-134px 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