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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero photo\">\n<div class=\"heroimg ph1\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; Ghana<\/div>\n<h1>Ghana Air Force<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">Ghana Air Force<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">The Ghana Air Force was set up in 1959 by Israeli instructors and an Indian air commodore, taken over by the RAF within a year, and has spent most of the time since as a small transport and helicopter service with a handful of jets &mdash; in 2026 it flies four K-8 trainers, Mi-17 and Z-9 helicopters and C-295 transports, is still waiting for the light attack aircraft it has announced since 2014, and is rebuilding after the Z-9 crash of 6 August 2025 that killed Ghana&rsquo;s defence and environment ministers.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>0<\/b><span>Combat aircraft<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>4<\/b><span>Active air bases<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1959<\/b><span>Founded<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>15<\/b><span>Types retired<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"photocred\">Photo: Xanderix \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 4.0)<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Country<\/b>Ghana<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Founded<\/b>1959<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Status<\/b>Active<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Headquarters<\/b>Burma Camp, Accra<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Commander<\/b>Eric Agyen-Frempong<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>The Ghana Air Force story: Israeli instructors in 1959, a flight lieutenant in power and a long wait for combat aircraft<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1959&ndash;1966: Israeli instructors, an Indian chief and Nkrumah&rsquo;s air force<\/h3>\n<p>The Ghana Air Force began two years after independence as a flying school run by foreigners. According to Wikipedia&rsquo;s summary of the old Ghana Armed Forces history pages, a Flying Training School started on 24 July 1959 with Israeli instructors and technicians under Lieutenant Colonel Adam Shatkay of the Israeli Air Force, and the service was formally established days later; an Indian officer, Air Commodore K. Jaswant-Singh, set up headquarters in Accra as the first Chief of the Air Staff. Wikipedia&rsquo;s article on Ghana&ndash;Israel relations puts the arrangement more bluntly: Israel, with help from India, supervised the creation of the air force from April 1959, until the British persuaded Kwame Nkrumah to send the Israeli advisers home in 1960. RAF personnel took over the training that year and a small Royal Canadian Air Force team followed in 1961. On 1 March 1961 the former RAF Station Takoradi became a Ghana Air Force station with Chipmunk trainers. Nkrumah also invited the German pilot Hanna Reitsch, who ran a national gliding school at Afienya from 1962 to 1966.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">The jet era: MB-326, MB-339 and a short list of trainers<\/h3>\n<p>Nkrumah&rsquo;s air force was mostly a transport and liaison service: Chipmunks for training, de Havilland Canada Beavers, Otters and Caribous, Doves and Herons, a DH.125 jet for the president, Westland Whirlwind helicopters and Hughes helicopters for mosquito control. The first combat-capable jets were Italian. Wikipedia records nine MB-326F two-seat trainers ordered in 1965, plus single-seat MB-326KG attack aircraft built for Ghana; its own operator list says 15 MB-326s were delivered in all. Four MB-339As followed later, according to the same encyclopedia, and the inventory history also names Czechoslovak L-29 and L-39 jets, Bulldog trainers, Islanders, Skyvans, Fokker F27s, Alouette IIIs, Bell 212s and Mi-2s. Delivery dates and numbers for most of these could not be confirmed from primary sources, and this page leaves them blank rather than guess. What is clear is the pattern: a few aircraft of many types, which is expensive to keep flying.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1979&ndash;1981: a flight lieutenant takes power<\/h3>\n<p>The air force&rsquo;s best-known officer never commanded it. Jerry Rawlings joined after leaving Achimota in 1967, trained at Takoradi from March 1968 and was commissioned as a pilot officer in January 1969, winning the Speed Bird Trophy as best cadet, according to Wikipedia. As a flight lieutenant he led a failed mutiny against General Fred Akuffo&rsquo;s government on 15 May 1979 and was sentenced to death by court martial; soldiers freed him on 4 June 1979 and installed him as chairman of the Armed Forces Revolutionary Council. That council had three former heads of state &mdash; Acheampong, Akuffo and Afrifa &mdash; and other senior officers executed by firing squad, then handed power to President Hilla Limann on 24 September 1979. On 31 December 1981 Rawlings removed Limann and ruled through the Provisional National Defence Council until constitutional rule returned. Wikipedia&rsquo;s list of chiefs of the air staff shows how unsettled those years were: six chiefs between 1976 and 1982.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1990&ndash;2016: ECOMOG, UN airlift and the Mahama re-equipment drive<\/h3>\n<p>When the ECOWAS Monitoring Group landed at Monrovia from Nigerian and Ghanaian ships on 24 August 1990 under the Ghanaian Lieutenant General Arnold Quainoo, Ghanaian aircraft went too: the New York Times reported on 17 September 1990 that Ghana was said to have struck Liberian rebels, as cited by Wikipedia. Peacekeeping later became a matter of airlift. Ghana took the first of its CASA C-295s in November 2011 and a second in April 2012; one flew for the UN mission in Mali from Bamako-S&#233;nou from late September 2014, and defenceWeb reported similar UN air services in C&#244;te d&rsquo;Ivoire. President John Mahama then announced a re-equipment drive at Air Force Base Accra on 20 November 2014: four Z-9EH helicopters, paid for with a China Development Bank loan, were commissioned on 23 September 2015, a third C-295 arrived in February 2016, and four Mi-171Sh had joined the Mi-17V-5s delivered in December 2004. The four K-8 jet trainers had been bought from China under a 2005 agreement whose British broker was later convicted in the UK for brokering it without a licence.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Promises without aircraft: Super Tucano, L-39NG and pilots leaving<\/h3>\n<p>The attack aircraft have been harder. Embraer announced a contract for five A-29 Super Tucanos in June 2015; the deal depended on conditions that were never met. In December 2021 Parliament approved &#8364;111.4 million for six Aero L-39NG trainers and light combat jets, a plan defenceWeb says then stalled for lack of money. Meanwhile Parliament&rsquo;s Defence and Interior Committee reported in December 2023 that trained pilots were leaving because there were too few aircraft to fly, and noted that air combat capability was needed to watch the country&rsquo;s airspace. Embraer flew an A-29 for the Chief of the Air Staff and the defence minister at Accra on 19 February 2024, and Aero showed its L-39 Skyfox there in December 2025; neither has produced an order. defenceWeb&rsquo;s 2026 profile sums it up: the government talks of better ground support capability, but little to no progress has been made.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">2025&ndash;2026: the Z-9 crash, a grounded presidential jet and the Airbus order<\/h3>\n<p>On 6 August 2025 a Ghana Air Force Z-9 flying from Accra to Obuasi for an event against illegal mining crashed in the Adansi area of the Ashanti Region, killing all eight on board: the defence minister Edward Omane Boamah, the environment minister Ibrahim Murtala Muhammed, three other officials and politicians, and the crew of Squadron Leader Peter Bafemi Anala, Flying Officer Manaen Twum-Ampadu and Sergeant Ernest Addo Mensah. Three months later the deputy defence minister said that many of the air force&rsquo;s helicopters and jets were down, while the presidential Falcon 900EX spent eight months in France for repairs to a corroded fuel tank and engine defects. The government&rsquo;s answer was a single package: in December 2025 Parliament was asked to approve about &#8364;126 million for four Airbus helicopters and US$60.7 million for a Dassault Falcon 6X. The first H175 landed at Accra on 5 March 2026. It is the first new type in a decade &mdash; but it is a transport, not the combat aircraft that every review since 2014 has asked for.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"pull\">Nkrumah&rsquo;s air force was mostly a transport and liaison service: Chipmunks for training, de Havilland Canada Beavers, Otters and Caribous, Doves and Herons, a DH.125 jet for the president, Westland Whirlwind helicopters and Hughes helicopters for mosquito control. The first combat-capable jets were Italian.<cite>Ghana Air Force &middot; verified 2026-10-01<\/cite><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>The Ghana Air Force in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Service<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Official name<\/dt>\n<dd>Ghana Air Force<span class=\"gnote\">English is Ghana&rsquo;s official language; the service uses the English name, abbreviated GHF to distinguish it from the Ghana Armed Forces (GAF). English Wikipedia titles its article &quot;Ghana Air Force&quot;<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Founded<\/dt>\n<dd>July 1959<span class=\"gnote\">Wikipedia gives 24 July 1959 for the start of the Flying Training School and 29 July 1959 for the formal establishment; its article on Ghana&ndash;Israel relations dates Israeli supervision of the new air force from April 1959<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Part of<\/dt>\n<dd>Ghana Armed Forces<span class=\"gnote\">One of three services with the Ghana Army and Ghana Navy; Janes and defenceWeb report that the army and navy operate no aircraft of their own. The air force shares the rotating ceremonial guard at the Presidency, most recently taking over at Jubilee House on 14 September 2026<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Headquarters<\/dt>\n<dd>Burma Camp, Accra<span class=\"gnote\">The Accra station moved from No. 3 hangar at Accra airport to Burma Camp towards the end of 1965<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Founding help<\/dt>\n<dd>Israel, India, Britain, Canada<span class=\"gnote\">Israeli instructors and an Indian first chief in 1959; RAF from 1960, a Canadian team from 1961. Nkrumah also brought in the German glider pilot Hanna Reitsch (1962&ndash;1966). The air force&rsquo;s most famous officer, Flt Lt Jerry Rawlings, led the 1979 and 1981 seizures of power<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Chief of the Air Staff<\/dt>\n<dd>AVM Eric Agyen-Frempong<span class=\"gnote\">Appointed by President John Mahama on 24 March 2025<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Chief of the Defence Staff<\/dt>\n<dd>Lt Gen William Agyapong<span class=\"gnote\">Appointed on 24 March 2025<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Minister of Defence<\/dt>\n<dd>Dr Cassiel Ato Forson (acting, March 2026)<span class=\"gnote\">Acting minister after Edward Omane Boamah was killed in the Z-9 crash of 6 August 2025; Ernest Brogya Genfi is deputy minister. Whether the acting arrangement still applied in October 2026 was not confirmed<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Strength<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Personnel<\/dt>\n<dd>About 2,000<span class=\"gnote\">defenceWeb&rsquo;s estimate; the Ghana Armed Forces as a whole are put at 16,000&ndash;20,000 active personnel by defenceWeb and 15,500 by Wikipedia. No official air force headcount was found<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Combat-capable aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Hongdu K-8 Karakorum &mdash; 4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Jet trainers with a light attack capability; defenceWeb calls them combat capable. No other armed fixed-wing aircraft are in service; the Super Tucano and L-39NG purchases have not materialised<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Transport and VIP<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>CASA C-295 &mdash; 2&ndash;3<\/li>\n<li>Diamond DA42 &mdash; 3&ndash;4<\/li>\n<li>Dassault Falcon 900EX &mdash; 1<\/li>\n<li>Fokker F28 &mdash; 1, probably stored<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Wikipedia counts two C-295s and three DA42s; defenceWeb&rsquo;s 2026 profile lists three and four. The third C-295 was damaged in a ground overrun in January 2020<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Helicopters<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Mil Mi-17V-5 and Mi-171Sh &mdash; 5<\/li>\n<li>Harbin Z-9EH &mdash; 3<\/li>\n<li>Airbus H175 &mdash; 1 (more on order)<\/li>\n<li>Bell 412 &mdash; 1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Mi and Z-9 figures from defenceWeb (2026); the Bell 412 from Wikipedia only<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Trainers<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Cessna 172 &mdash; 0&ndash;3<\/li>\n<li>Diamond DA42 (multi-engine) &mdash; 1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">defenceWeb lists three Cessna 172s in service; Wikipedia lists the type as retired<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Defence budget<\/dt>\n<dd>GH&#8373;3.8 billion (2024, Ministry of Defence)<span class=\"gnote\">Approved by Parliament in December 2023. Wikipedia gives US$360 million, 0.4 per cent of GDP, for 2019<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Infrastructure<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Air bases<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Accra &mdash; headquarters, transport, helicopters<\/li>\n<li>Takoradi &mdash; Training Command and recruit school<\/li>\n<li>Tamale<\/li>\n<li>Bui<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">defenceWeb&rsquo;s list. Accra and Tamale share their runways with the civil airports<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Flying units<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>No. 3 Squadron &mdash; helicopters<\/li>\n<li>No. 4 Squadron &mdash; surveillance and ground attack<\/li>\n<li>Communication Squadron &mdash; transport and VIP<\/li>\n<li>Two transport squadrons<\/li>\n<li>A training squadron<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">As listed by defenceWeb; Ghana does not publish a squadron order of battle<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Training<\/dt>\n<dd>Air Force Training Command, Takoradi<span class=\"gnote\">The Air Force Recruit Training School at Takoradi passed out 293 recruits on 25 September 2026 after 26 weeks. A flying school at Tamale was announced in 2014; no opening was found. Air traffic controllers train abroad (eight officers at ATNS in South Africa, 2023&ndash;2024) and US Air Forces Africa has trained Ghanaian aeromedical evacuation instructors for UN missions (2022, 2024)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Search and rescue<\/dt>\n<dd>Coordinator for the Accra FIR<span class=\"gnote\">The air force coordinates and directs search and rescue in the Accra Flight Information Region<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Maintenance<\/dt>\n<dd>Abroad<span class=\"gnote\">Mi-8\/17 overhauls by LOM Praha in the Czech Republic (2019, 2020); the Falcon 900EX by Dassault at Le Bourget (2025)<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"structure\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Structure<\/div>\n<h2>How the Ghana Air Force is organised<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">One of the three services of the Ghana Armed Forces, and the only one with aircraft according to Janes and defenceWeb, commanded from Burma Camp in Accra by Air Vice Marshal Eric Agyen-Frempong since 24 March 2025, with about 2,000 people by defenceWeb&rsquo;s estimate. <span class=\"imp\">Its only armed jets are four K-8 trainers; the rest of the fleet is transports and helicopters, from two or three C-295s to Mi-17s, three Z-9EHs and the first of four Airbus helicopters ordered in January 2026.<\/span> Ghana does not publish a squadron order of battle; defenceWeb lists No. 3 Squadron for helicopters, No. 4 Squadron for surveillance and ground attack, a Communication Squadron, two transport squadrons and a training squadron.<\/p>\n<div class=\"org\">\n<div class=\"cmdcard\"><span class=\"cface mono\">EA<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"cmdtx\"><span class=\"crank\">Air Vice Marshal<\/span><b>Eric Agyen-Frempong<\/b><span class=\"cmeta\">Chief of the Air Staff &middot; in office since 2025<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"cmdorg\"><span>Ghana Air Force<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgrow\">\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Headquarters<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Ghana Air Force Headquarters<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Burma Camp, Accra<\/div>\n<p>One of the three services of the Ghana Armed Forces, with the Ghana Army and the Ghana Navy, which Janes and defenceWeb report operate no aircraft of their own. President John Mahama named Air Vice Marshal Eric Agyen-Frempong Chief of the Air Staff on 24 March 2025, succeeding Air Vice Marshal Frederick Asare Bekoe, with Lt Gen William Agyapong as Chief of the Defence Staff. The headquarters moved from No. 3 hangar at Accra airport to Burma Camp towards the end of 1965.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Transport<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Transport and Communication Squadrons<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Accra<\/div>\n<p>defenceWeb lists a Communication Squadron for transport and VIP flying, with the C-295M, the Fokker F28, probably stored, and the presidential Falcon 900EX, beside two transport squadrons. Wikipedia places one C-295 squadron at Air Force Base Accra; two or three of the three C-295s delivered from November 2011 are in service, and one flew for the UN mission in Mali from Bamako from late September 2014. A Falcon 6X was put before Parliament in December 2025.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Helicopters<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Helicopter squadrons<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Accra and Takoradi<\/div>\n<p>defenceWeb names the helicopter unit No. 3 Squadron without giving its base. Wikipedia places a helicopter squadron with Z-9s and Mi-17s at Accra, where the first of four Airbus helicopters ordered on 15 January 2026, an H175, landed on 5 March 2026, and names a 1 Squadron with Z-9s at Takoradi. Five Mi-17V-5 and Mi-171Sh and three Z-9EH remain after the Z-9 crash of 6 August 2025, according to defenceWeb.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Front line<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>No. 4 Squadron<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<p>Listed by defenceWeb for surveillance and ground attack, with the four K-8 jet trainers, Ghana&rsquo;s only armed jets, and the DA42 surveillance aircraft; its base is not published. K-8s flew at Air Force Base Accra during the Super Tucano demonstration of 19 February 2024. Neither the Super Tucano nor the six L-39NGs approved by Parliament in December 2021 has been bought.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Training<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Air Force Training Command<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Takoradi<\/div>\n<p>Commanded by Air Commodore Richard Danso, who reviewed the passing-out of 293 recruits from the Air Force Recruit Training School after 26 weeks on 25 September 2026. Wikipedia lists a Flight Training School with DA42s at the base, which has trained Ghanaian pilots since it became a Ghana Air Force station flying Chipmunks on 1 March 1961.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"fleet\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">In service<\/div>\n<h2>What the Ghana Air Force flies today<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every type on charge, linked to its Book of Beasts page where one exists. <span class=\"imp\">Counts are aircraft on the books, not aircraft available on a given day.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-role\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-yr\">\n<col class=\"c-units\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">In service<\/th>\n<th>Since<\/th>\n<th>Units<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/k-8-karakorum\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph2\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/k-8-karakorum\/\">Hongdu K-8 Karakorum<\/a><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Jet trainer and light attack<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Four, per defenceWeb (2026) and Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Airbus (CASA) C-295M<span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Tactical transport<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2011<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2&ndash;3. Three delivered (November 2011, April 2012, February 2016); Wikipedia counts two in service, defenceWeb&rsquo;s 2026 profile three.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph3\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Diamond DA42<span class=\"nflag nf0\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Austria\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Maritime surveillance, reconnaissance and multi-engine training<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>3&ndash;4. Wikipedia: two for surveillance and one trainer; defenceWeb: four.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph4\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Dassault Falcon 900EX<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Presidential transport<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>One.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph5\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fokker F28 Fellowship<span class=\"nflag nf7\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the Netherlands\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>VIP transport<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>One, described by defenceWeb as likely in storage.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\">Mil Mi-17V-5 and Mi-171Sh<\/a><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Transport helicopter<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>2005<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Five in 2026 (defenceWeb). Four Mi-17V-5 arrived in December 2004 and four Mi-171Sh in 2013; President Mahama spoke of ten Mi-17s in November 2014.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph6\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Z-9EH<span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility and maritime helicopter<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>2015<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Three; four were delivered and one was lost on 6 August 2025.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Airbus Helicopters H175<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Transport, SAR and VIP helicopter<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>2026<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>One of three H175s delivered by October 2026 as far as found.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph7\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bell 412<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>One, per Wikipedia only.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph8\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Cessna 172<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Basic trainer<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0&ndash;3: defenceWeb lists three in service, Wikipedia lists the type as retired.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"fleetchart\">\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Mi-17<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:100%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">5<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">K-8<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:80%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">4<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Z-9<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:60%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">3<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Falcon 900EX<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:20%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">1<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">F28<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:20%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">1<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">H175<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:20%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">1<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Bell 412<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:20%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">1<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>On order<\/h3>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet ord\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-fd\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Ordered<\/th>\n<th>First delivery<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Airbus Helicopters H175M and ACH160<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>2026<\/td>\n<td>Ordered on 15 January 2026 with one ACH175 (two H175M, one ACH175, one ACH160); Parliament had been asked in December 2025 to approve &#8364;125.97 million for the four. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>One H175 arrived on 5 March 2026; the remaining delivery dates were not published. Parliament&rsquo;s committee spoke of deliveries over four years from 2026.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Dassault Falcon 6X<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>US$60.68 million contract laid before Parliament on 3 December 2025. Wikipedia lists it as on order; defenceWeb&rsquo;s 2026 profile lists one in the fleet. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span><\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Mil Mi-35<span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>The Chief of the Air Staff said in January 2016 that one was being acquired; Wikipedia still lists one on order. No delivery was found.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Aero L-39NG<span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Parliament approved &#8364;111.4 million for six in December 2021; defenceWeb reported in January 2026 that the plan had stalled for lack of funding. Not a live order in practice.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"former\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Formerly operated<\/div>\n<h2>Every type the Ghana Air Force has retired<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">15 types, from the de Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk to the de Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk. <span class=\"imp\">Peak figures are airframes taken on charge over the whole service life, not fleet strength on any one date.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet former\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-role\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-srv\">\n<col class=\"c-rep\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Peak<\/th>\n<th>Served<\/th>\n<th>Replaced by<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph9\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>de Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk<span class=\"nflag nf1\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Canada\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Basic trainer<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1961&ndash;<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Not found.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>de Havilland Canada Beaver, Otter and Caribou<span class=\"nflag nf1\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Canada\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light and tactical transport<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Not found.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>de Havilland Dove, Heron and DH.125<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Communications and VIP transport<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Not found.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Westland Whirlwind and Wessex<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Helicopter<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Not found.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Hughes light helicopters<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility helicopter (mosquito control)<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Not found.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/aermacchi-mb-326\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph10\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/aermacchi-mb-326\/\" class=\"was\">Aermacchi MB-326F and MB-326KG<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf10\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Italy\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Jet trainer and ground attack<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>13&ndash;15. Wikipedia lists nine MB-326F two-seaters and four single-seat MB-326KGs built for Ghana, and separately says Ghana received 15 MB-326s.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/aermacchi-mb-339\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph11\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/aermacchi-mb-339\/\" class=\"was\">Aermacchi MB-339A<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf10\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Italy\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Jet trainer and light attack<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>K-8<\/td>\n<td>Four delivered.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/l-29-delfin\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph12\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/l-29-delfin\/\" class=\"was\">Aero L-29 Delf&#237;n<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Jet trainer<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Not found.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/l-39-albatros\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph13\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/l-39-albatros\/\" class=\"was\">Aero L-39ZO Albatros<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Jet trainer<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Not found.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Scottish Aviation Bulldog and HAL HT-2<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Basic trainer<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Not found.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fokker F27 Friendship<span class=\"nflag nf7\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the Netherlands\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Transport<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Not found.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Short Skyvan, Britten-Norman Islander and Beagle Husky<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light transport and liaison<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Not found.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>A&#233;rospatiale Alouette III<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light helicopter<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Not found.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph14\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bell 212<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Not found.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph15\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>PZL Mil Mi-2<\/td>\n<td>Light helicopter<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Not found.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"bases\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Air bases<\/div>\n<h2>Where the Ghana Air Force flies from<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Black pins are active bases; the gliding school at Afienya, run from 1962 to 1966, is listed for its history and the tactical air base reported under construction at Jogboi as planned. <span class=\"imp\">The air force flies from four bases by defenceWeb&rsquo;s count: Accra, its main base beside the headquarters at Burma Camp; Takoradi, a wartime RAF ferry base and its first station from 1961; Tamale in the north; and Bui, about which nothing more was found.<\/span> Accra and Tamale share their runways with civil airports. Coordinates are from English Wikipedia because the Ghana AIP could not be reached; Bui, Jogboi and Afienya carry no pin.<\/p>\n<div class=\"mapframe\">\n<div id=\"oobmap\" class=\"oobmap\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"legend\"><span><i class=\"dot\"><\/i> Active air base<\/span><span><i class=\"dot was\"><\/i> Closed or reserve<\/span><span>Click a pin to open the base page<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"basefind\" data-filter=\"#basetbl\" data-item=\"tbody tr\" data-noun=\"air bases\" placeholder=\"Search bases, region, units, aircrafts\" aria-label=\"Search bases, region, units, aircrafts\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"basefind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"basefind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"basetbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Base<\/th>\n<th>ICAO<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Runway<\/th>\n<th>Units and aircraft<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr id=\"base-accra\" data-base=\"accra\" data-x=\"active active Air Force Base Accra, Ghana Air Force (Base Commander Air Commodore Elvis King Arneson, as named in December 2025) ACC\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/accra\/\">Air Force Base Accra<\/a><span>Greater Accra Region<\/span><\/td>\n<td>DGAA<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>03\/21<\/span>3,403 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Transport squadron (C295)<\/span>: <span>Airbus (CASA) C295M<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Helicopter squadron<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\">Mil Mi-17V-5 and Mi-171Sh<\/a>, Harbin Z-9EH, Airbus H175 (from March 2026)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>K-8 jet trainers<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/k-8-karakorum\/\">Hongdu K-8 Karakorum<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-bui\" data-base=\"bui\" data-x=\"active active Ghana Air Force \">\n<td>Air Force Base Bui<span>Bui area (the Bui Dam lies on the border of the Savannah and Bono regions)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-takoradi\" data-base=\"takoradi\" data-x=\"active active Air Force Base Takoradi, Ghana Air Force (Base Commander Group Captain Kwabena Krampah Antwi, as named in September 2026) TKD\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/takoradi\/\">Air Force Base Takoradi<\/a><span>Western Region<\/span><\/td>\n<td>DGTK<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>03\/21<\/span>1,751 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Air Force Training Command (AFTRAC)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Air Force Recruit Training School<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Flying Training School<\/span>: <span>Diamond DA42, de Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk (from 1961; retired)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Helicopter squadron (Z-9)<\/span>: <span>Harbin Z-9EH<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span>RAF Takoradi (aircraft assembly and ferry base)<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\">Hawker Hurricane<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bristol-blenheim\/\">Bristol Blenheim IV<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/supermarine-spitfire\/\">Supermarine Spitfire<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span>No. 26 Squadron, South African Air Force<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/wellington\/\">Vickers Wellington<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-tamale\" data-base=\"tamale\" data-x=\"active active Air Force Base Tamale, Ghana Air Force TML\">\n<td>Air Force Base Tamale<span>Northern Region<\/span><\/td>\n<td>DGLE<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>05\/23<\/span>&mdash; m<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Helicopter detachment<\/span>: <span>Harbin Z-9EH<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-jogboi\" data-base=\"jogboi\" data-x=\"active planned Ghana Air Force \" class=\"was\">\n<td>Jogboi tactical air base<small>planned<\/small><span>Northern Ghana (region not stated in the source)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Closed<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"basefind\">No air base matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"oob\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Order of battle<\/div>\n<h2>Who is stationed where in the Ghana Air Force<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Flying units by base, current units first. <span class=\"imp\">Ghana does not publish squadron numbers, and its sources disagree: Wikipedia names a 1 Squadron with Z-9s at Takoradi, while defenceWeb calls the helicopter unit No. 3 Squadron and gives no base.<\/span> The RAF ferry organisation and the South African Wellington squadron that flew from Takoradi in the Second World War are listed and marked as not Ghanaian. Where a unit&rsquo;s base or number rests on one source, the entry says so.<\/p>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"unitfind\" data-filter=\"#oobwrap\" data-item=\".oob\" data-noun=\"installations\" placeholder=\"Search squadrons, wings, aircraft, bases\" aria-label=\"Search squadrons, wings, aircraft, bases\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"unitfind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"unitfind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"oobwrap\" id=\"oobwrap\">\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Greater Accra Region active Air Force Base Accra, Ghana Air Force (Base Commander Air Commodore Elvis King Arneson, as named in December 2025)\">\n<div><span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/accra\/\">Air Force Base Accra<\/a> &middot; DGAA<\/span><em>Air Force Base Accra, Ghana Air Force<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Transport squadron (C295)<small>Transport squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Airbus (CASA) C295M<\/dd>\n<dt>Helicopter squadron<small>Helicopter squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\">Mil Mi-17V-5 and Mi-171Sh<\/a>, Harbin Z-9EH, Airbus H175 (from March 2026)<\/dd>\n<dt>K-8 jet trainers<small>Jet trainer and light attack &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/k-8-karakorum\/\">Hongdu K-8 Karakorum<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Western Region active Air Force Base Takoradi, Ghana Air Force (Base Commander Group Captain Kwabena Krampah Antwi, as named in September 2026)\">\n<div><span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/takoradi\/\">Air Force Base Takoradi<\/a> &middot; DGTK<\/span><em>Air Force Base Takoradi, Ghana Air Force<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Air Force Training Command (AFTRAC)<small>Training command &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><\/dd>\n<dt>Air Force Recruit Training School<small>Recruit school &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><\/dd>\n<dt>Flying Training School<small>Flying training &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Diamond DA42, de Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk (from 1961; retired)<\/dd>\n<dt>Helicopter squadron (Z-9)<small>Helicopter squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Harbin Z-9EH<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">RAF Takoradi (aircraft assembly and ferry base)<small>1940&ndash;<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Hawker Hurricane, Bristol Blenheim IV, Supermarine Spitfire<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">No. 26 Squadron, South African Air Force<\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Vickers Wellington<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Northern Region active Air Force Base Tamale, Ghana Air Force\">\n<div><span>Air Force Base Tamale &middot; DGLE<\/span><em>Air Force Base Tamale, Ghana Air Force<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Helicopter detachment<small>Helicopter detachment &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Harbin Z-9EH<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"unitfind\">No unit matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>Ghana Air Force milestones, 1914 to today<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1959<\/div>\n<p>April: Israel, with Indian help, begins supervising the creation of an air force (Wikipedia). 24 July: the Flying Training School opens under Lt Col Adam Shatkay of the Israeli Air Force; Air Commodore K. Jaswant-Singh of India becomes the first Chief of the Air Staff.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1960<\/div>\n<p>Nkrumah withdraws the Israeli advisers under British pressure; the RAF takes over training.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1961<\/div>\n<p>A Royal Canadian Air Force team joins. 1 March: RAF Station Takoradi becomes a Ghana Air Force station, flying Chipmunks.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1962<\/div>\n<p>Hanna Reitsch founds the national gliding school at Afienya, which she runs until 1966. J. E. S. de Graft-Hayford becomes the first Ghanaian Chief of the Air Staff (Wikipedia gives both 1961 and 1962).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1965<\/div>\n<p>Nine MB-326F jet trainers ordered from Italy (Wikipedia, uncited). Late in the year the Accra station moves to Burma Camp.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1979<\/div>\n<p>15 May: Flight Lieutenant Jerry Rawlings leads a failed mutiny; 4 June: freed by soldiers, he heads the Armed Forces Revolutionary Council, which hands over to President Limann on 24 September.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1981<\/div>\n<p>31 December: Rawlings takes power again and forms the Provisional National Defence Council.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1990<\/div>\n<p>24 August: ECOMOG lands at Monrovia under Ghana&rsquo;s Lt Gen Arnold Quainoo. In September the New York Times reports Ghanaian air strikes on Liberian rebels.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2004<\/div>\n<p>December: four Mi-17V-5 helicopters arrive; they are commissioned in January 2005.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2005<\/div>\n<p>June: agreement for four K-8 jet trainers from China; two are delivered before February 2007.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2011<\/div>\n<p>November: the first CASA C-295 arrives; the second follows in April 2012.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2013<\/div>\n<p>Four Mi-171Sh helicopters delivered; Ghana offers C-295s to the UN.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2014<\/div>\n<p>Late September: a C-295 deploys to Bamako for MINUSMA. 20 November: President Mahama announces Super Tucanos, Z-9s, Mi-17s and a third C-295.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2015<\/div>\n<p>June: Embraer announces a contract for five A-29 Super Tucanos, never completed. 23 September: four Z-9EH helicopters commissioned.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2021<\/div>\n<p>December: Parliament approves &#8364;111.4 million for six L-39NGs; the purchase later stalls.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2025<\/div>\n<p>24 March: Air Vice Marshal Eric Agyen-Frempong becomes Chief of the Air Staff. 6 August: a Z-9 crashes in the Ashanti Region, killing eight, including two ministers.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2026<\/div>\n<p>15 January: four Airbus helicopters ordered. 5 March: the first H175 arrives at Accra.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"combat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Combat record<\/div>\n<h2>Every war the Ghana Air Force has fought<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Sorties and losses where the record gives them, and an honest blank where it does not.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip dark\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>3<\/b><span>conflicts<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1990<\/b><span>First<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>0<\/b><span>Aircraft lost<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>0<\/b><span>Killed<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"gl cml\">\n<li><b>ECOMOG intervention in the First Liberian Civil War<\/b> <span class=\"de\">1990<\/span> Supported the ECOWAS Monitoring Group; Ghanaian aircraft were reported to have struck rebel targets<\/li>\n<li><b>UN airlift in C&#244;te d&rsquo;Ivoire (UNOCI)<\/b> <span class=\"de\">by 2014<\/span> Flew UN air services for the UN Operation in C&#244;te d&rsquo;Ivoire<\/li>\n<li><b>UN airlift in Mali (MINUSMA)<\/b> <span class=\"de\">2014&ndash;<\/span> One C-295 flew passengers and cargo within Mali for the UN mission<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a class=\"cbig\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/ghana-air-force\/combat-record\/\">Open the full combat record<\/a><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"makers\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The manufacturers<\/div>\n<h2>Who built the Ghana Air Force fleet<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every company behind the aircraft on this page has its own page: the story, every type it built, the numbers and the other air forces that fly them.<\/p>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3>Current fleet and orders<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/airbus-helicopters\/\">Airbus Helicopters<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/dassault\/\">Dassault Aviation<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/mil\/\">Mil<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/aero\/\">Aero Vodochody<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/airbus\/\">Airbus<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/bell\/\">Bell<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/cessna\/\">Cessna<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/diamond\/\">Diamond Aircraft<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/fokker\/\">Fokker<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/harbin\/\">Harbin<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/hongdu\/\">Hongdu<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>Former fleet<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/aermacchi\/\" class=\"was\">Aermacchi<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/de-havilland-canada\/\" class=\"was\">de Havilland Canada<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/aerospatiale\/\" class=\"was\">A&#233;rospatiale<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/beagle\/\" class=\"was\">Beagle Aircraft<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/britten-norman\/\" class=\"was\">Britten-Norman<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/hal\/\" class=\"was\">HAL<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/hughes\/\" class=\"was\">Hughes<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/pzl-swidnik\/\" class=\"was\">PZL-&#346;widnik<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/scottish-aviation\/\" class=\"was\">Scottish Aviation<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/short-brothers\/\" class=\"was\">Short Brothers<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/westland\/\" class=\"was\">Westland<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/de-havilland\/\" class=\"was\">de Havilland<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about the Ghana Air Force<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>What is the Ghana Air Force called officially?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Simply the Ghana Air Force: English is Ghana&rsquo;s official language, and that is the name used by the Ghana Armed Forces and by the current English Wikipedia article. Its aircraft carry the code GHF, which also distinguishes the air force from the Ghana Armed Forces (GAF) as a whole.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What aircraft does the Ghana Air Force fly in 2026?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Four <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/k-8-karakorum\/\">K-8 Karakorum<\/a> jet trainers, two or three CASA C-295 transports, DA42 surveillance aircraft, a Falcon 900EX presidential jet, five <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\">Mi-17<\/a>-family helicopters, three Z-9EH helicopters and, since March 2026, an Airbus H175, according to defenceWeb and Wikipedia. More H175s, an ACH160 and a Falcon 6X are on order.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Does Ghana have fighter jets?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">No. Its only armed jets are four Chinese K-8 trainers with a light attack capability. Earlier it flew Italian <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/aermacchi-mb-326\/\">MB-326<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/aermacchi-mb-339\/\">MB-339<\/a> jets. Five A-29 Super Tucanos announced in 2015 and six L-39NGs approved by Parliament in 2021 were never delivered, and in December 2023 a parliamentary committee warned that pilots were leaving for lack of aircraft.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Who helped found the Ghana Air Force?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Israel and India. Israeli instructors under Lt Col Adam Shatkay ran the Flying Training School that opened on 24 July 1959, and India&rsquo;s Air Commodore K. Jaswant-Singh was the first Chief of the Air Staff. The British persuaded Nkrumah to remove the Israelis in 1960, after which the RAF and, from 1961, a Canadian team took over training.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Who commands the Ghana Air Force?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Air Vice Marshal Eric Agyen-Frempong, appointed Chief of the Air Staff by President John Mahama on 24 March 2025, as reported by the Daily Graphic. He reports to the Chief of the Defence Staff, Lieutenant General William Agyapong.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What happened in the Ghana Air Force helicopter crash of August 2025?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">On 6 August 2025 a Z-9 flying from Accra to Obuasi crashed in the Adansi area of the Ashanti Region, killing all eight on board: the defence minister Edward Omane Boamah, the environment minister Ibrahim Murtala Muhammed, three other passengers and the three crew. The government called it a national tragedy; a state funeral was held in Accra on 15 August. No published cause was found in the sources checked.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Was Jerry Rawlings a Ghana Air Force pilot?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. He was commissioned as a pilot officer in January 1969 after training at Takoradi, and was a flight lieutenant when he led the failed mutiny of 15 May 1979. Freed by soldiers on 4 June 1979, he headed the Armed Forces Revolutionary Council, handed over to an elected government in September 1979, and took power again on 31 December 1981.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Did Hitler&rsquo;s test pilot Hanna Reitsch work for Ghana?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. Nkrumah invited her, and from 1962 to 1966 she ran Ghana&rsquo;s national gliding school at Afienya, which was commanded by Air Commodore J. E. S. de Graft-Hayford. Wikipedia&rsquo;s Ghana Air Force article also says she flew Nkrumah personally.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Did the Ghana Air Force fight in Liberia?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">It supported the ECOMOG intervention of 1990, which was commanded by Ghana&rsquo;s Lt Gen Arnold Quainoo, and the New York Times reported in September 1990 that Ghana had struck Liberian rebels. Details of the aircraft and missions were not found.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What new aircraft is Ghana buying?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Two H175Ms, one ACH175 and one ACH160 from Airbus, ordered on 15 January 2026 (Parliament was asked for about &#8364;126 million), and a Dassault Falcon 6X for US$60.68 million. The first H175 arrived on 5 March 2026. Embraer said in June 2026 it was still ready to sell Ghana the Super Tucano, but no light attack aircraft has been ordered.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the Ghana Air Force called officially?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Simply the Ghana Air Force: English is Ghana\\u2019s official language, and that is the name used by the Ghana Armed Forces and by the current English Wikipedia article. Its aircraft carry the code GHF, which also distinguishes the air force from the Ghana Armed Forces (GAF) as a whole.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What aircraft does the Ghana Air Force fly in 2026?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Four K-8 Karakorum jet trainers, two or three CASA C-295 transports, DA42 surveillance aircraft, a Falcon 900EX presidential jet, five Mi-17-family helicopters, three Z-9EH helicopters and, since March 2026, an Airbus H175, according to defenceWeb and Wikipedia. More H175s, an ACH160 and a Falcon 6X are on order.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Does Ghana have fighter jets?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"No. Its only armed jets are four Chinese K-8 trainers with a light attack capability. Earlier it flew Italian MB-326 and MB-339 jets. Five A-29 Super Tucanos announced in 2015 and six L-39NGs approved by Parliament in 2021 were never delivered, and in December 2023 a parliamentary committee warned that pilots were leaving for lack of aircraft.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Who helped found the Ghana Air Force?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Israel and India. Israeli instructors under Lt Col Adam Shatkay ran the Flying Training School that opened on 24 July 1959, and India\\u2019s Air Commodore K. Jaswant-Singh was the first Chief of the Air Staff. The British persuaded Nkrumah to remove the Israelis in 1960, after which the RAF and, from 1961, a Canadian team took over training.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Who commands the Ghana Air Force?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Air Vice Marshal Eric Agyen-Frempong, appointed Chief of the Air Staff by President John Mahama on 24 March 2025, as reported by the Daily Graphic. He reports to the Chief of the Defence Staff, Lieutenant General William Agyapong.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What happened in the Ghana Air Force helicopter crash of August 2025?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"On 6 August 2025 a Z-9 flying from Accra to Obuasi crashed in the Adansi area of the Ashanti Region, killing all eight on board: the defence minister Edward Omane Boamah, the environment minister Ibrahim Murtala Muhammed, three other passengers and the three crew. The government called it a national tragedy; a state funeral was held in Accra on 15 August. No published cause was found in the sources checked.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Was Jerry Rawlings a Ghana Air Force pilot?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. He was commissioned as a pilot officer in January 1969 after training at Takoradi, and was a flight lieutenant when he led the failed mutiny of 15 May 1979. Freed by soldiers on 4 June 1979, he headed the Armed Forces Revolutionary Council, handed over to an elected government in September 1979, and took power again on 31 December 1981.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Did Hitler\\u2019s test pilot Hanna Reitsch work for Ghana?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. Nkrumah invited her, and from 1962 to 1966 she ran Ghana\\u2019s national gliding school at Afienya, which was commanded by Air Commodore J. E. S. de Graft-Hayford. Wikipedia\\u2019s Ghana Air Force article also says she flew Nkrumah personally.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Did the Ghana Air Force fight in Liberia?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"It supported the ECOMOG intervention of 1990, which was commanded by Ghana\\u2019s Lt Gen Arnold Quainoo, and the New York Times reported in September 1990 that Ghana had struck Liberian rebels. Details of the aircraft and missions were not found.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What new aircraft is Ghana buying?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Two H175Ms, one ACH175 and one ACH160 from Airbus, ordered on 15 January 2026 (Parliament was asked for about \\u20ac126 million), and a Dassault Falcon 6X for US$60.68 million. The first H175 arrived on 5 March 2026. Embraer said in June 2026 it was still ready to sell Ghana the Super Tucano, but no light attack aircraft has been ordered.\"}}]}<\/script><hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"gallery\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Read the aircraft the Ghana Air Force flew<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every type with a page in the Book of Beasts, in service first, then by the year it left the fleet.<\/p>\n<div class=\"acgrid\"><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/k-8-karakorum\/\"><span class=\"im ph2\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Hongdu K-8 Karakorum<\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\"><span class=\"im none\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Mil Mi-17V-5 and Mi-171Sh<\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/aermacchi-mb-326\/\"><span class=\"im ph10\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Aermacchi MB-326F and MB-326KG<span class=\"nflag nf10\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Italy\"><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/aermacchi-mb-339\/\"><span class=\"im ph11\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Aermacchi MB-339A<span class=\"nflag nf10\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Italy\"><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/l-29-delfin\/\"><span class=\"im ph12\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Aero L-29 Delf&#237;n<\/b><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/l-39-albatros\/\"><span class=\"im ph13\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Aero L-39ZO Albatros<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.graphic.com.gh\/news\/politics\/president-mahama-promotes-new-chief-of-defence-staff-and-service-chiefs.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Daily Graphic: President Mahama promotes new Chief of Defence Staff and Service Chiefs (24 March 2025)<\/a><span>AVM Eric Agyen-Frempong Chief of the Air Staff; Lt Gen William Agyapong CDS.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2025\/08\/06\/africa\/ghana-ministers-killed-helicopter-crash-intl\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CNN: Ghana&rsquo;s defence and environment ministers among eight killed in helicopter crash (6 August 2025)<\/a><span>Z-9, Accra to Obuasi, eight killed; names of passengers and crew; &quot;national tragedy&quot;.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.janes.com\/osint-insights\/defence-news\/defence\/ghana-orders-military-helicopters-from-airbus\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Janes: Ghana orders military helicopters from Airbus (January 2026)<\/a><span>Two H175M, one ACH175, one ACH160; army and navy operate no aircraft.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/ghana-mod-orders-multiple-helicopters-from-airbus\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Ghana MoD orders multiple helicopters from Airbus (21 January 2026)<\/a><span>Order of 15 January 2026; fleet of five Mi-17V-5\/Mi-171Sh and three Z-9EH.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/ghanas-air-force-receives-first-h175-helicopter-from-airbus\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Ghana&rsquo;s Air Force receives first H175 helicopter from Airbus (10 March 2026)<\/a><span>First H175 at Accra on 5 March 2026; &#8364;125 million helicopter contract and US$60 million Falcon 6X approved December 2025; acting defence minister Cassiel Ato Forson.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.myjoyonline.com\/ghana-air-force-welcomes-first-airbus-h175-helicopter-in-major-fleet-modernisation-drive\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">MyJoyOnline: Ghana Air Force welcomes first Airbus H175 helicopter (March 2026)<\/a><span>Arrival ceremony with the CDS and acting defence minister; further H175s, an H160 and a Falcon 6X planned.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/security\/african-militaries\/ghana\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: African militaries &ndash; Ghana (2026 profile)<\/a><span>Air force about 2,000 personnel; CAS Agyen-Frempong; bases Accra, Takoradi, Tamale, Bui; fleet by type; squadrons; little progress on combat capability.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/land\/land-land\/african-military-profile-ghana-2\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: African Military Profile: Ghana (May 2026)<\/a><span>Ghana Armed Forces 16,000&ndash;20,000 active personnel, three services.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/ghana-confirms-super-tucano-z-9-acquisitions\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Ghana confirms Super Tucano, Z-9 acquisitions (18 February 2015)<\/a><span>Mahama on 13 February 2015: five Super Tucanos, four Z-9s; C-295 with MINUSMA.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/ghana-air-force-receives-z-9-helicopters\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Ghana Air Force receives Z-9 helicopters (5 October 2015)<\/a><span>Four Z-9EH commissioned 23 September 2015; China Development Bank loan; roles.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/ghana-acquires-third-c295-as-airbus-finalises-further-african-orders\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Ghana acquires third C295 (12 November 2015)<\/a><span>C-295s delivered November 2011 and April 2012; third seen at Seville October 2015.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/additional-aircraft-for-ghana-air-force\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Additional aircraft for Ghana Air Force (7 January 2016)<\/a><span>CAS Michael Samson-Oje: third C-295 due January 2016; Super Tucano plans; one Mi-35.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/ghana-to-acquire-super-tucanos-z-9s-mi-17s-and-c-295s\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Ghana to acquire Super Tucanos, Z-9s, Mi-17s and C-295s (25 November 2014)<\/a><span>Mahama at Air Force Base Accra on 20 November 2014; flying school planned at Tamale.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/ghana-air-force-c295-supporting-un-ops-in-mali\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Ghana Air Force C295 supporting UN ops in Mali (9 January 2015)<\/a><span>C-295 at Bamako-S&#233;nou from late September 2014; UN air services in C&#244;te d&rsquo;Ivoire.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/british-arms-broker-sentenced-over-ghana-jets\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: British arms broker sentenced over Ghana jets (6 February 2013)<\/a><span>K-8 agreement June 2005, two delivered before February 2007; four Mi-17V-5 arrived December 2004.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/lom-praha-overhauls-ghanaian-mi-171\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Lom Praha overhauls Ghanaian Mi-171 (9 December 2021)<\/a><span>Mi-171Sh GHF697 overhauled 2020; four Mi-171Sh acquired 2013; Mi-8MTV-5 GHF690 overhauled 2019.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/embraer-and-snc-demonstrate-super-tucano-to-ghana-air-force\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Embraer and SNC demonstrate Super Tucano to Ghana Air Force (20 February 2024)<\/a><span>Demonstration at Accra on 19 February 2024; CAS Bekoe and minister Nitiwul quoted.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/embraer-ready-to-support-possible-super-tucano-sale-to-ghana\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Embraer ready to support possible Super Tucano sale to Ghana (23 June 2026)<\/a><span>2015 contract never completed; Embraer still ready to sell.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/aero-vodochody-promotes-l-39-skyfox-to-african-air-forces\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Aero Vodochody promotes L-39 Skyfox to African air forces (13 January 2026)<\/a><span>Skyfox shown at Accra on 17 December 2025; 2021 L-39NG plan stalled for lack of funding.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/ghana-air-force-officers-complete-atc-training-in-south-africa\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Ghana Air Force officers complete ATC training in South Africa (30 September 2024)<\/a><span>Eight officers trained at ATNS; CAS Bekoe.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/us-air-force-advisors-train-ghanaian-armed-forces-in-aeromedical-evacuation-for-un-deployment\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: US Air Force advisors train Ghanaian Armed Forces in aeromedical evacuation (12 April 2022)<\/a><span>C-295 and Mi-17 used; Ghana contributes nearly 3,000 personnel to nine UN missions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.usafe.af.mil\/News\/Article-Display\/Article\/3776945\/advancing-aeromedical-evacuation-capabilities-in-ghana-through-us-ghanaian-part\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">USAFE-AFAFRICA: Advancing aeromedical evacuation capabilities in Ghana (15 May 2024)<\/a><span>UN aeromedical evacuation team training in Accra, May 2024, for Ghana&rsquo;s South Sudan deployment.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.myjoyonline.com\/ghana-air-force-pilots-abandoning-force-due-to-lack-of-aircraft-report-reveals\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">MyJoyOnline: Ghana Air Force pilots abandoning force due to lack of aircraft &ndash; report (18 December 2023)<\/a><span>Defence and Interior Committee report; GH&#8373;3.8 billion for the Ministry of Defence.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.myjoyonline.com\/ghana-air-force-investigates-cause-of-aircraft-overrun\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">MyJoyOnline: Ghana Air Force investigates cause of aircraft overrun (23 January 2020)<\/a><span>C-295 GHF552, delivered February 2016, overran at Accra on 22 January 2020.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.myjoyonline.com\/ghana-air-force-passes-out-293-recruits-after-six-months-of-intensive-training\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">MyJoyOnline: Ghana Air Force passes out 293 recruits (September 2026)<\/a><span>Air Force Recruit Training School, Takoradi, 25 September 2026; Air Force Training Command.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.myjoyonline.com\/photos-vice-president-jane-naana-reviews-changing-of-guard-as-ghana-air-force-takes-over-at-presidency\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">MyJoyOnline: Ghana Air Force takes over guard at the Presidency (September 2026)<\/a><span>46th ceremonial changing of the guard, 14 September 2026.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.myjoyonline.com\/parliamentary-committee-recommends-e178m-for-five-gaf-aircraft\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">MyJoyOnline: Parliamentary Committee recommends &#8364;178m for five GAF aircraft (4 December 2025)<\/a><span>Falcon 6X US$60.7 million; four helicopters &#8364;126 million; deliveries over four years from 2026.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.myjoyonline.com\/contract-agreements-for-four-helicopters-and-presidential-jet-laid-in-parliament\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">MyJoyOnline: Contract agreements for four helicopters and presidential jet laid in Parliament (3 December 2025)<\/a><span>&#8364;125.97 million for four Airbus helicopters; US$60.68 million for a Falcon 6X.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.myjoyonline.com\/presidential-jet-returns-to-ghana-after-eight-month-overhaul-in-france\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">MyJoyOnline: Presidential jet returns to Ghana after eight-month overhaul in France (November 2025)<\/a><span>Returned to Ghana Air Force custody on 10 November 2025.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.myjoyonline.com\/were-reviewing-the-entire-fleet-brogya-genfi-on-grounded-presidential-jet\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">MyJoyOnline: &quot;We&rsquo;re reviewing the entire fleet&quot; &ndash; Brogya Genfi (7 November 2025)<\/a><span>Falcon 900EX grounded; &quot;many of our helicopters and jets are down&quot;.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibiblio.org\/hyperwar\/UN\/UK\/UK-RAF-I\/UK-RAF-I-9.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Denis Richards, Royal Air Force 1939&ndash;1945, Volume I: The Fight at Odds (HMSO, 1953), chapter IX, via HyperWar<\/a><span>Official history, pp. 247&ndash;248: the advance party of 14 July 1940, the route stages and the first convoy of September 1940.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibiblio.org\/hyperwar\/AAF\/I\/AAF-I-9.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">W. F. Craven and J. L. Cate (eds.), The Army Air Forces in World War II, Volume I, chapter 9 (John D. Carter), via HyperWar<\/a><span>Official US history, pp. 319&ndash;324: the Takoradi assembly base and Pan American Airways-Africa at Accra, 1941.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gacl.com.gh\/kotoka-international-airport\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Accra (Kotoka) International Airport &mdash; Ghana Airports Company Limited<\/a><span>Airport operator: reference coordinates, elevation 63.5 m, RAF origins, handover to civil authority in 1946.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ourairports.com\/airports\/DGAA\/runways.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">DGAA runways &mdash; OurAirports<\/a><span>Runway 03\/21, 3,403 m by 61 m, asphalt; secondary data, used because the Ghana AIP could not be reached.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.myjoyonline.com\/kotoka-international-airport-renamed-accra-international-airport\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Kotoka International Airport renamed Accra International Airport, MyJoyOnline, 23 February 2026<\/a><span>Ministry of Transport reasons; ICAO and IATA codes unchanged; criticism.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.myjoyonline.com\/all-3-helicopter-crew-were-from-takoradi-air-force-base\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">All 3 helicopter crew were from Takoradi Air Force Base, MyJoyOnline, 7 August 2025<\/a><span>Crew posted at Takoradi; departure from Accra at 09:12 GMT; Western Regional Minister&rsquo;s words.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.myjoyonline.com\/vigil-at-takoradi-air-force-base-honours-fallen-helicopter-crew\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Vigil at Takoradi Air Force Base honours fallen helicopter crew, MyJoyOnline, August 2025<\/a><span>Vigil of 8 August 2025; crew names.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.myjoyonline.com\/takoradi-air-force-base-faces-growing-land-encroachment-threat\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Takoradi Air Force Base faces growing land encroachment threat, MyJoyOnline, 20 February 2025<\/a><span>More than 600 acres allocated, about 88 encroached; base commander&rsquo;s words.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.myjoyonline.com\/air-commodore-atiemo-assumes-command-at-air-force-base-takoradi\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Air Commodore Atiemo assumes command at Air Force Base Takoradi, MyJoyOnline, August 2024<\/a><span>Change of command of 28 August 2024 after nine months without a commander; wings and Flying Group named.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/security\/national-security\/ghanas-president-commissions-new-surveillance-aircraft-hangars-ships\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ghana&rsquo;s President commissions new surveillance aircraft, hangars, ships, defenceWeb, 29 October 2012<\/a><span>Three DA42s and two hangars commissioned at Takoradi on 19 October 2012.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gacl.com.gh\/tamale-airport\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Tamale International Airport &mdash; Ghana Airports Company Limited<\/a><span>Airport operator: wartime origin in December 1940, Air Force staffing, runway extension figures.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ourairports.com\/airports\/DGLE\/runways.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">DGLE runways &mdash; OurAirports<\/a><span>Runway 05\/23 listed at 2,438 m by 45 m; secondary data.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/ghanaian-z-9eh-makes-an-emergency-landing\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ghanaian Z-9EH makes an emergency landing, defenceWeb, 29 June 2020<\/a><span>Z-9EH GHF 630 from Air Force Base Tamale, 25 June 2020; Ghana Armed Forces statement.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/african-news\/ghana-reinforces-northern-border-as-sahel-violence-encroaches\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ghana reinforces northern border as Sahel violence encroaches, defenceWeb (Africa Defense Forum), 29 December 2025<\/a><span>Reports the Ghana Air Force&rsquo;s announcement of a tactical air base at Jogboi.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Figures verified 2026-10-01. Order of Battle pages are regenerated from a single dataset; if a number here disagrees with a Book of Beasts page, this page is the more recent of the two.<\/p>\n<p class=\"verified\">Photographs: Photo: Xanderix \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 4.0) &middot; Photo: Md Shaifuzzaman Ayon \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Anil &#214;ztas \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Kecko \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 2.0) &middot; Photo: Bob Adams from George, South Africa \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0) &middot; Photo: LudwigJoelAdjete \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Carlos E. Perez S.L \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Md Shaifuzzaman \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Bidgee \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0 au) &middot; Photo: Anidaat \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Just a Man \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 4.0) &middot; Photo: Photographer: Mosbatho \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 4.0) &middot; Photo: Ank Kumar \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Hans Hillewaert \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: &#321;ukasz Golowanow and Maciek Hyp&#347;, Konflikty.pl \/ Wikimedia Commons (Attribution)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .ph1{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/w17-hero-ghana-air-force.jpg)!important}#mfam 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-2px}<\/style>\n<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com\/ajax\/libs\/maplibre-gl\/4.7.1\/maplibre-gl.css\"><script src=\"https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com\/ajax\/libs\/maplibre-gl\/4.7.1\/maplibre-gl.js\"><\/script><div id=\"oob-pins\" hidden 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