{"id":31708,"date":"2026-10-08T13:55:39","date_gmt":"2026-10-08T11:55:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/?page_id=31708"},"modified":"2026-10-08T18:19:26","modified_gmt":"2026-10-08T16:19:26","slug":"%d7%a7%d7%a1%d7%90%d7%a7","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/he\/aircraft-manufacturers\/casc\/","title":{"rendered":"CASC"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>body.page-id-31708 h1.entry-title.main_title{display:none} body.page-id-31708 #main-content .container{padding-top:0} body.page-id-31708 #left-area{padding-bottom:0} body.page-id-31708{overflow-x:hidden} body.page-id-31708 #sidebar{display:none} body.page-id-31708 #left-area{width:100%!important;float:none;padding:0} body.page-id-31708 #main-content .container::before{display:none!important;background:none!important} html{overflow-x:hidden} #mfam{width:100vw;margin-left:calc(50% - 50vw);background:#fff;color:#14181f;line-height:1.7;font-family:'Gilroy 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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}#mfam .mlogo{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:#fff;padding:10px 16px;height:68px;margin:0 0 18px;border:1px solid #e2e7ee}#mfam .mlogo .li{display:block;background:center\/contain no-repeat}#mfam .mlogo.sm{position:absolute;left:14px;top:96px;height:52px;padding:6px 10px;margin:0}#mfam .mlogo.sm img{max-height:38px;max-width:120px}#mfam .mlogo.xs{height:28px;padding:2px 6px;margin:0 10px 0 0;vertical-align:middle;border:0;background:transparent}#mfam .mlogo.xs img{max-height:24px;max-width:72px}#mfam .mrel{position:relative;padding-top:0}#mfam .mrel .mim{display:block;height:130px;margin:-26px -26px 44px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat}#mfam a.mname{display:inline-flex;align-items:center}#mfam span.acard{cursor:default}#mfam .pcred{font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin:10px 0 28px;line-height:1.5}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero photo\">\n<div class=\"heroimg ph1\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/\">Aircraft manufacturers<\/a> &middot; China<\/div>\n<h1>CASC<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation &middot; Zhongguo Hangtian Keji Jituan<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">China&rsquo;s giant rocket and satellite builder also runs a wind-tunnel academy whose Rainbow drones became the armed UAV of choice for air forces that could not buy American Reapers.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1999<\/b><span>Founded<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>Active<\/b><span>Status<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>7<\/b><span>Aircraft on record<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>6<\/b><span>Air forces flying its types<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"photocred\">Photo: Vojska Srbije \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 3.0 rs)<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Country<\/b>China<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Founded<\/b>1999-07<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Headquarters<\/b>Beijing<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Owner<\/b>State-owned; sole shareholder SASAC of the State Council<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Status<\/b>Active<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>CASC: the company and the aircraft that made its name<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">The rocket makers<\/h3>\n<p>CASC is best known for things that leave the atmosphere. It is the main contractor for the Chinese space programme, building the Long March family of launch vehicles, satellites and spacecraft through a series of numbered academies, and it also designs strategic and tactical missiles. The corporation in its present form was created in July 1999 when the old China Aerospace Corporation was split as part of a government reform drive, but <span class=\"imp\">its roots go back to 1956<\/span>. By the end of 2013 it employed 170,000 people and had registered capital of 294 billion yuan. In 2017 it became a limited-liability company wholly owned by the state assets commission SASAC.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">A wind-tunnel academy turns to drones<\/h3>\n<p>Among CASC&rsquo;s academies is the China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics, the institution that runs its wind tunnels. In 2000 it began developing small fixed-wing reconnaissance drones under the name Caihong, or Rainbow: the CH-1 and CH-2. The CH-3, first flown in 2007, could carry 70 kg of weapons and turned the academy into <span class=\"imp\">an armed-drone exporter<\/span>. It found buyers in Nigeria, which used it against Boko Haram from 2015, and Myanmar, which flew it in combat in 2015&ndash;2016 and later built Rainbows under licence.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Rainbow over Iraq and Yemen<\/h3>\n<p>The CH-4 made the family famous. A medium-altitude, long-endurance aircraft with a payload of 250 to 345 kg and up to 40 hours&rsquo; endurance, it looked strikingly like the American MQ-9 Reaper, and it was available to customers Washington would not sell to. Iraq began receiving CH-4s in 2015 and flew them against Islamic State; Saudi Arabia used them over Yemen, losing at least 12 by July 2022. The list of operators grew to include Pakistan, Indonesia, Algeria, Jordan, the United Arab Emirates, Sudan, Congo and, by 2026, Armenia, giving CASC <span class=\"imp\">one of the widest export footprints of any combat drone<\/span>.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Bigger, longer, stealthier<\/h3>\n<p>CASC&rsquo;s drones have grown with each generation. The CH-5, first flown in August 2015, carries up to 1,000 kg and can stay aloft for 60 hours with a range of 10,000 km; Iraq ordered it in 2024. The CH-6 is larger still, with a maximum take-off weight of 7,800 kg. The CH-7 is a stealthy flying wing with a 22-metre span, designed for around 920 km\/h at 13,000 metres; its first flight was planned for 2019, and an airframe was spotted in 2024. Alongside them the academy builds micro drones such as the CH-802, CH-803 and the CH-817 vertical take-off attack drone.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Sanctions and suspicion<\/h3>\n<p>CASC&rsquo;s weapons work has brought it into conflict with the United States. In 2006 the US Treasury accused its subsidiary China Great Wall Industry of a lead role in developing Iran&rsquo;s Fateh solid-fuel missile. In November 2020 an executive order barred Americans from holding shares in companies with links to the People&rsquo;s Liberation Army, CASC among them, and in August 2022 two research institutes of its 9th Academy were added to the Commerce Department&rsquo;s Entity List. None of this has slowed the Rainbow&rsquo;s spread across the Middle East, Africa and Asia.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"pull\">China&rsquo;s giant rocket and satellite builder also runs a wind-tunnel academy whose Rainbow drones became the armed UAV of choice for air forces that could not buy American Reapers.<cite>CASC &middot; verified 2026-10-03<\/cite><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>CASC in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>The company<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>In short<\/dt>\n<dd>Founded 1999<\/p>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Established July 1999 from the former China Aerospace Corporation<\/li>\n<li>Roots of the programme date to 1956<\/li>\n<li>State-owned; restructured as a limited-liability company in 2017<\/li>\n<li>Headquarters in Beijing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Production<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Best known for<\/dt>\n<dd>Rainbow (CH) drones<\/p>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>CH-3, CH-4 and CH-5 armed UAVs<\/li>\n<li>Developed by the China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics<\/li>\n<li>Also Long March rockets, satellites and missiles<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Today<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Now<\/dt>\n<dd>State-owned giant<\/p>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>CH-4 exported to Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Indonesia and others<\/li>\n<li>Licence production in Myanmar<\/li>\n<li>On US investment and entity restriction lists<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Employed 170,000 people at the end of 2013.<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>The numbers<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Employees<\/dt>\n<dd>170,000<span class=\"gnote\">2013<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Registered capital<\/dt>\n<dd>CNY 294.02 billion<span class=\"gnote\">2013<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Saudi CH-4 losses<\/dt>\n<dd>at least 12<span class=\"gnote\">2022<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Iraqi CH-4 fleet<\/dt>\n<dd>12<span class=\"gnote\">2023<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"fleet\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The aircraft<\/div>\n<h2>Every notable CASC aircraft<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"mfrtbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Aircraft<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th>First flight<\/th>\n<th>Built<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Note<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>CASC Rainbow CH-1 and CH-2<\/td>\n<td>Small reconnaissance UAV<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Development began in 2000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CASC Rainbow CH-3<\/td>\n<td>Armed UAV<\/td>\n<td>2007<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Nigeria, Myanmar, Algeria, Sudan, Turkmenistan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CASC Rainbow CH-4<\/td>\n<td>Medium-altitude long-endurance armed UAV<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">In production<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Exported to at least ten countries; licence-built in Myanmar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CASC Rainbow CH-5<\/td>\n<td>Large reconnaissance and strike UAV<\/td>\n<td>2015<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">In production<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1,000 kg payload, 60 hours endurance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CASC Rainbow CH-6<\/td>\n<td>Large UAV, strike and reconnaissance<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>In development in 2021; 7,800 kg MTOW<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CASC Rainbow CH-7<\/td>\n<td>Stealth flying-wing UCAV<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>First flight planned for 2019; airframe seen 2024<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CASC CH-817<\/td>\n<td>VTOL micro attack UAV<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"operators\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Who flies them<\/div>\n<h2>CASC aircraft in the world&rsquo;s air forces<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">6 air forces in the Order of Battle fly or flew CASC types. <span class=\"imp\">6 of them still have one in service.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"optbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Air force<\/th>\n<th>In service<\/th>\n<th>Formerly flown<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/serbian-air-force-and-air-defence\/\">Serbian Air Force and Air Defence<\/a><\/td>\n<td>CASC CH-92A, CASC CH-95<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/air-force-of-the-democratic-republic-of-the-congo\/\">Air Force of the Democratic Republic of the Congo<\/a><\/td>\n<td>CASC CH-4 (Caihong 4), CASC CH-4 (balance of order)<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/chadian-air-force\/\">Chadian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>CASC Caihong-4 (CH-4)<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/indonesian-air-force\/\">Indonesian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>CASC CH-4B Rainbow<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/nigerian-air-force\/\">Nigerian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>CASC CH-4 and CH-3<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/turkmen-air-force\/\">Turkmen Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>CASC Rainbow CH-3A<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"people\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Places, people, records<\/div>\n<h2>Where CASC built, who led it, what it achieved<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3>Factories<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li><b>China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics (11th Academy)<\/b> &middot; Beijing &mdash; Developer and builder of the Rainbow drones<\/li>\n<li><b>Myanmar licence production<\/b> &middot; Myanmar &mdash; CH-3 and CH-4B produced locally<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>CASC, year by year<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1956<\/div>\n<p>Origins of China&rsquo;s space and missile programme<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1999<\/div>\n<p>CASC established from the China Aerospace Corporation<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2000<\/div>\n<p>Rainbow CH-1 development begins<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2006<\/div>\n<p>US Treasury accuses Great Wall Industry over Iran&rsquo;s Fateh missile<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2007<\/div>\n<p>CH-3 first flight<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2015<\/div>\n<p>Iraq receives CH-4s; Nigeria uses CH-3 against Boko Haram<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2015<\/div>\n<p>CH-5 first flight<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2017<\/div>\n<p>Restructured as a wholly state-owned limited-liability company<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2020<\/div>\n<p>Named in US executive order on PLA-linked companies<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2022<\/div>\n<p>Two 9th Academy institutes added to the US Entity List<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2024<\/div>\n<p>Iraq orders the CH-5<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about CASC<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>Who makes the Rainbow CH-4 drone?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics, part of the state-owned China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC).<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Which countries operate the CH-4?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Operators include Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Indonesia, Algeria, Jordan, the UAE, Sudan, Congo, Myanmar and Armenia.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is CASC the same as CASIC?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">No. CASC (Aerospace Science and Technology) and CASIC (Aerospace Science and Industry) are separate state-owned corporations.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What else does CASC build?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">It is the main contractor for China&rsquo;s space programme, building launch vehicles, satellites and spacecraft, as well as missiles.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Who makes the Rainbow CH-4 drone?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": 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class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Around CASC<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/harbin\/\"><span class=\"rk\">China<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Harbin<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Born as a repair shop in a former Japanese aircraft factory in Manchuria, Harbin assembled China&rsquo;s first helicopter and first jet bombers, put a Chinese aircraft&hellip;<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Harbin page<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/chengdu\/\"><span class=\"rk\">China<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Chengdu<\/span><span class=\"rp\">A Soviet-aided plant known only as Factory 132 turned an incomplete MiG-21 package into thousands of J-7s, then gave China the J-10, Asia&rsquo;s first stealth fighter&hellip;<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Chengdu page<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The index<\/span><span class=\"rh\">All aircraft manufacturers<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Every company that built an aircraft flown by the air forces in the Order of Battle, current and historic.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Open the list<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China_Aerospace_Science_and_Technology_Corporation\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CASC_Rainbow\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CASC Rainbow, Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Verified 2026-10-03.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam 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