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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}#mfam .mlogo{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:#fff;padding:10px 16px;height:68px;margin:0 0 18px;border:1px solid #e2e7ee}#mfam .mlogo .li{display:block;background:center\/contain no-repeat}#mfam .mlogo.sm{position:absolute;left:14px;top:96px;height:52px;padding:6px 10px;margin:0}#mfam .mlogo.sm img{max-height:38px;max-width:120px}#mfam .mlogo.xs{height:28px;padding:2px 6px;margin:0 10px 0 0;vertical-align:middle;border:0;background:transparent}#mfam .mlogo.xs img{max-height:24px;max-width:72px}#mfam .mrel{position:relative;padding-top:0}#mfam .mrel .mim{display:block;height:130px;margin:-26px -26px 44px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat}#mfam a.mname{display:inline-flex;align-items:center}#mfam span.acard{cursor:default}#mfam .pcred{font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin:10px 0 28px;line-height:1.5}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero\">\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/\">Aircraft manufacturers<\/a> &middot; Germany<\/div>\n<h1>Zeppelin-Staaken<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">Versuchsbau GmbH Gotha-Ost (VGO) &middot; Flugzeugwerft GmbH Staaken &middot; Zeppelin-Werke Staaken<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">Count Zeppelin&rsquo;s answer to the limits of his own airships: a works that built the Giants, the biggest bombers to raid London in 1917 and 1918, and then the first four-engined all-metal airliner.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1914<\/b><span>Founded<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>Defunct<\/b><span>Status<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>11<\/b><span>Aircraft on record<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Country<\/b>Germany<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Founded<\/b>1914<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Founders<\/b>Ferdinand von Zeppelin, Robert Bosch<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Headquarters<\/b>Staaken, near Berlin<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Status<\/b>Defunct<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>Zeppelin-Staaken: the company and the aircraft that made its name<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">The airship count turns to aeroplanes<\/h3>\n<p>By 1914 Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin had made his name synonymous with airships, but he could see their limits. Around the outbreak of war he turned to the opposite idea, a very large aeroplane able to carry a 1,000 kg bomb over 600 km. With the industrialist Robert Bosch he financed a private venture, the Versuchsbau Gotha-Ost, renting space in Gotha and hiring Professor Alexander Baumann to lead the design. Hellmuth Hirth and Gustav Klein, who had dreamed of a transatlantic giant before the war, joined the team. The army and navy grew interested; the War Office did not.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">The largest aeroplane in the world<\/h3>\n<p>Design work began in September 1914 and the VGO.I flew on 11 April 1915. It was, at that moment, <span class=\"imp\">the largest aeroplane in the world<\/span>, with a 42.2 m wingspan and engine nacelles big enough for a mechanic to climb into in flight. It was also badly underpowered and plagued by its new Maybach engines. In 1916 the works moved to Staaken outside Berlin, where Zeppelin had built an airship yard on drained marshland, and took the name Flugzeugwerft GmbH. Everyone called it Zeppelin-Staaken.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Giants over London<\/h3>\n<p>Its masterpiece was the R.VI, the only German Riesenflugzeug, or giant aircraft, built in any numbers. Eighteen were made, most of them by Sch&#252;tte-Lanz, Aviatik and Albatros because the job was too big for one firm. Each needed a ground crew of 50. Flying alone on moonlit nights and using the Thames as a signpost, the R.VIs of Rfa 501 made 11 raids on Britain between September 1917 and May 1918. On the night of 16 February 1918 one dropped <span class=\"imp\">the first 1,000 kg bomb to fall on England<\/span>, on the Royal Hospital Chelsea. None was shot down over Britain.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">A tragicomedy of engines<\/h3>\n<p>Behind the achievement lay endless mechanical trouble, what the historian Jack Herris called a tragicomedy of errors. The VGO.I force-landed in December 1915 after two engines failed, did the same in a pine forest in September 1916, and finally crashed into a hangar in March 1917 when its rudder jammed, killing both pilots. The R.VII crashed on operations after a clutch failure. Yet the engineering was bold: one R.VI, R.30\/16, became the earliest known aircraft to fly with a supercharger, driven by a fifth engine in the fuselage.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">The airliner the Allies broke up<\/h3>\n<p>Peace turned the works to civil flying. Adolf Rohrbach designed the E.4\/20, an 18-passenger airliner with four engines, a stressed-skin metal wing, a galley and a lavatory, the first four-engined all-metal stressed-skin airliner. It flew from September 1920, but the Inter-Allied Commission judged it a potential bomber and in 1922 ordered it broken up. Rohrbach founded his own metal aircraft company that year. The Staaken field became a Lufthansa base and, in 1935, the stage on which Hitler unveiled the Luftwaffe.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"pull\">Count Zeppelin&rsquo;s answer to the limits of his own airships: a works that built the Giants, the biggest bombers to raid London in 1917 and 1918, and then the first four-engined all-metal airliner.<cite>Zeppelin-Staaken &middot; verified 2026-10-03<\/cite><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>Zeppelin-Staaken in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>The company<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>In short<\/dt>\n<dd>Founded 1914<\/p>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Founded as Versuchsbau Gotha-Ost by Count Zeppelin and Robert Bosch<\/li>\n<li>Chief designer Alexander Baumann<\/li>\n<li>Moved to Staaken near Berlin in 1916<\/li>\n<li>Renamed Flugzeugwerft GmbH, known as Zeppelin-Staaken<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Production<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Best known for<\/dt>\n<dd>Zeppelin-Staaken R.VI<\/p>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>R.VI: 18 built, the only Riesenflugzeug in series production<\/li>\n<li>VGO.I of 1915 was the largest aeroplane in the world<\/li>\n<li>E.4\/20: first four-engined all-metal stressed-skin airliner<\/li>\n<li>R.XIV and R.XV five-engined developments, three of each built<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Today<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Now<\/dt>\n<dd>Defunct<\/p>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Aircraft production stopped by the armistice and Versailles<\/li>\n<li>E.4\/20 broken up on Allied orders in 1922<\/li>\n<li>Staaken airfield closed in 1953; tower and hangars survive<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>The numbers<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>R.VI built<\/dt>\n<dd>18<\/dd>\n<dt>Raids on Britain by Rfa 501 R.VIs<\/dt>\n<dd>11 (30 sorties)<span class=\"gnote\">1917&ndash;1918<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Bombs dropped on Britain by Rfa 501<\/dt>\n<dd>27,190 kg<\/dd>\n<dt>R.VI lost<\/dt>\n<dd>4 shot down, 6 crashed, of 13 commissioned<\/dd>\n<dt>R.VI wingspan<\/dt>\n<dd>42.2 m<\/dd>\n<dt>Airships built at Staaken in WWI<\/dt>\n<dd>12<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"fleet\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The aircraft<\/div>\n<h2>Every notable Zeppelin-Staaken aircraft<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"mfrtbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Aircraft<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th>First flight<\/th>\n<th>Built<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Note<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Zeppelin-Staaken VGO.I (RML.1)<\/td>\n<td>Giant bomber prototype<\/td>\n<td>1915<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Largest aeroplane in the world when built; flew naval raids in the Baltic in 1916<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Zeppelin-Staaken VGO.II<\/td>\n<td>Giant bomber<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Zeppelin-Staaken VGO.III<\/td>\n<td>Giant bomber<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Introduced coupled engine pairs with gearboxes and clutches<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Zeppelin-Staaken R.IV<\/td>\n<td>Giant bomber<\/td>\n<td>1916<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>First to get an R designation; survived the war and dropped 25,000 kg of bombs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Zeppelin-Staaken R.VII<\/td>\n<td>Giant bomber<\/td>\n<td>1917<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Crashed on operations after a clutch failure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Zeppelin-Staaken R.VI<\/td>\n<td>Strategic bomber<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>18<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Only Riesenflugzeug built in series; raided London<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Zeppelin-Staaken Type L<\/td>\n<td>Seaplane bomber<\/td>\n<td>1917<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>R.VI on floats for the navy; crashed in testing June 1918<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Zeppelin-Staaken 8301<\/td>\n<td>Seaplane<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>R.VI wings on a new fuselage raised clear of the water<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Zeppelin-Staaken R.XIV<\/td>\n<td>Giant bomber<\/td>\n<td>1918<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Five engines; R.XIVa variant later used by Ukraine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Zeppelin-Staaken R.XV<\/td>\n<td>Giant bomber<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>No evidence of operational flights<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Zeppelin-Staaken E.4\/20<\/td>\n<td>Airliner<\/td>\n<td>1920<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>18 passengers; broken up on Allied orders in 1922<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"people\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Places, people, records<\/div>\n<h2>Where Zeppelin-Staaken built, who led it, what it achieved<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3>Factories<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li><b>Gotha-Ost<\/b> &middot; Gotha, Thuringia &mdash; Rented facilities, 1914&ndash;1916<\/li>\n<li><b>Staaken works and airfield<\/b> &middot; Staaken, west of Berlin &mdash; Zeppelin airship yard bought July 1915; aircraft works from 1916<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>People<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li><b>Ferdinand von Zeppelin<\/b> &middot; founder &mdash; Airship pioneer who backed giant aeroplanes from 1914<\/li>\n<li><b>Robert Bosch<\/b> &middot; co-founder and financier<\/li>\n<li><b>Alexander Baumann<\/b> &middot; chief designer &mdash; Led the VGO giant aircraft project<\/li>\n<li><b>Adolf Rohrbach<\/b> &middot; designer &mdash; Designed the E.4\/20; founded Rohrbach Metall-Flugzeugbau in 1922<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>Records and firsts<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>VGO.I was the largest aeroplane in the world in 1915<\/li>\n<li>R.30\/16 was the earliest known supercharged aircraft to fly<\/li>\n<li>First 1,000 kg bomb dropped on England, Royal Hospital Chelsea, 16\/17 February 1918<\/li>\n<li>E.4\/20 was the first four-engined, all-metal, stressed-skin airliner<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>Zeppelin-Staaken, year by year<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1914<\/div>\n<p>Count Zeppelin and Robert Bosch form Versuchsbau Gotha-Ost<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1914<\/div>\n<p>Design work on the VGO.I begins<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1915<\/div>\n<p>VGO.I first flight, the largest aeroplane in the world<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1915<\/div>\n<p>Zeppelin buys land at Staaken for an airship yard<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1916<\/div>\n<p>Works moves to Staaken and becomes Flugzeugwerft GmbH<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1916<\/div>\n<p>VGO.I, as RML.1, bombs targets on the Baltic coast<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1916<\/div>\n<p>R.IV first flight<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1917<\/div>\n<p>First R.VI delivered to the army<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1917<\/div>\n<p>First R.VI raid on Britain by Rfa 501<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1918<\/div>\n<p>First 1,000 kg bomb dropped on England<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1918<\/div>\n<p>Last R.VI raid on Britain<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1918<\/div>\n<p>R.XIV shot down near Doullens by a Sopwith Camel of No. 151 Squadron<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1920<\/div>\n<p>E.4\/20 airliner begins test flights<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1922<\/div>\n<p>E.4\/20 broken up on the orders of the Inter-Allied Commission<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"lineage\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The family tree<\/div>\n<h2>Before and after Zeppelin-Staaken<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/zeppelin\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Came before<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Luftschiffbau Zeppelin<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Count Zeppelin&rsquo;s airship company; founder and Staaken landlord, 1914&ndash;1916<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Luftschiffbau Zeppelin page<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/rohrbach\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Came after<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Rohrbach Metall-Flugzeugbau<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Founded in 1922 by E.4\/20 designer Adolf Rohrbach; carried on the metal-airliner work, not a corporate successor<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Rohrbach Metall-Flugzeugbau page<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about Zeppelin-Staaken<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>What was Zeppelin-Staaken?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">A German aircraft works founded in 1914 by Count Zeppelin and Robert Bosch to build giant bombers, first at Gotha and from 1916 at Staaken near Berlin.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Did Zeppelin-Staaken bombers attack London?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. R.VI giants of Rfa 501 made 11 raids on Britain between September 1917 and May 1918, and none was shot down over Britain.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How big was the Zeppelin-Staaken R.VI?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Its wingspan was 42.2 m, close to that of the Second World War B-29 Superfortress, and it needed a ground crew of 50.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How many Zeppelin-Staaken R.VI were built?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Eighteen, most of them by Sch&#252;tte-Lanz, Aviatik and Albatros under the Staaken design.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What was the Zeppelin-Staaken E.4\/20?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">A 1920 four-engined, all-metal airliner for 18 passengers designed by Adolf Rohrbach. The Allies ordered it broken up in 1922.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What was Zeppelin-Staaken?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"A German aircraft works founded in 1914 by Count Zeppelin and Robert Bosch to build giant bombers, first at Gotha and from 1916 at Staaken near Berlin.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Did Zeppelin-Staaken bombers attack London?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. R.VI giants of Rfa 501 made 11 raids on Britain between September 1917 and May 1918, and none was shot down over Britain.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How big was the Zeppelin-Staaken R.VI?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Its wingspan was 42.2 m, close to that of the Second World War B-29 Superfortress, and it needed a ground crew of 50.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How many Zeppelin-Staaken R.VI were built?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Eighteen, most of them by Sch\\u00fctte-Lanz, Aviatik and Albatros under the Staaken design.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What was the Zeppelin-Staaken E.4\/20?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"A 1920 four-engined, all-metal airliner for 18 passengers designed by Adolf Rohrbach. The Allies ordered it broken up in 1922.\"}}]}<\/script><hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Around Zeppelin-Staaken<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/dornier\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Germany<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Dornier<\/span><span class=\"rp\">The Lake Constance firm that built a 12-engine flying boat for 169 people, dodged Versailles by building in Italy and Switzerland, and went bankrupt twelve days after&hellip;<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Dornier page<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/mbb\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Germany<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Messerschmitt-B&#246;lkow-Blohm (MBB)<\/span><span class=\"rp\">West Germany&rsquo;s postwar aerospace champion fused Messerschmitt, Bolkow and the Hamburg shipbuilders&rsquo; aircraft arm, built the helicopter that could loop, and&hellip;<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Messerschmitt-B&#246;lkow-Blohm (MBB) page<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The index<\/span><span class=\"rh\">All aircraft manufacturers<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Every company that built an aircraft flown by the air forces in the Order of Battle, current and historic.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Open the list<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zeppelin-Staaken\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zeppelin-Staaken, Wikipedia (English)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zeppelin-Staaken_R.VI\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zeppelin-Staaken R.VI, Wikipedia (English)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zeppelin-Staaken_E-4\/20\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zeppelin-Staaken E-4\/20, Wikipedia (English)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zeppelin-Staaken_R.XIV\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zeppelin-Staaken R.XIV, Wikipedia (English)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zeppelin-Staaken_VGO.I\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zeppelin-Staaken VGO.I, Wikipedia (English)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zeppelin-Staaken_R.IV\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zeppelin-Staaken R.IV, Wikipedia (English)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flugplatz_Staaken\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Flugplatz Staaken, Wikipedia (German)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zeppelin-Staaken_R.VII\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zeppelin-Staaken R.VII, Wikipedia (English)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Verified 2026-10-03.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .nflag{background-image:url(https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/aircraft-manufacturer-country-flags-v4.png)!important}#mfam .nf0{background-position:-2px -2px}#mfam .nf1{background-position:-24px -2px}#mfam .nf2{background-position:-46px -2px}#mfam .nf3{background-position:-68px -2px}#mfam .nf4{background-position:-90px -2px}#mfam .nf5{background-position:-112px -2px}#mfam .nf6{background-position:-134px -2px}#mfam .nf7{background-position:-156px -2px}#mfam .nf8{background-position:-178px -2px}#mfam .nf9{background-position:-200px -2px}#mfam .nf10{background-position:-222px -2px}<\/style>\n<link rel=\"stylesheet\" 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