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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}#mfam .mlogo{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:#fff;padding:10px 16px;height:68px;margin:0 0 18px;border:1px solid #e2e7ee}#mfam .mlogo .li{display:block;background:center\/contain no-repeat}#mfam .mlogo.sm{position:absolute;left:14px;top:96px;height:52px;padding:6px 10px;margin:0}#mfam .mlogo.sm img{max-height:38px;max-width:120px}#mfam .mlogo.xs{height:28px;padding:2px 6px;margin:0 10px 0 0;vertical-align:middle;border:0;background:transparent}#mfam .mlogo.xs img{max-height:24px;max-width:72px}#mfam .mrel{position:relative;padding-top:0}#mfam .mrel .mim{display:block;height:130px;margin:-26px -26px 44px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat}#mfam a.mname{display:inline-flex;align-items:center}#mfam span.acard{cursor:default}#mfam .pcred{font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin:10px 0 28px;line-height:1.5}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero photo\">\n<div class=\"heroimg ph1\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/\">Aircraft manufacturers<\/a> &middot; United Kingdom<\/div>\n<h1>Hawker<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">H. G. Hawker Engineering Company &middot; Hawker Aircraft Limited (from 1933)<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">Born from the wreck of Sopwith and named after a test pilot who died within a year, Hawker built the Hurricane that carried the Battle of Britain and the Hunter that set the world speed record.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1920<\/b><span>Founded<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>Merged into <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/hawker-siddeley\/\">Hawker Siddeley<\/a> in 1963<\/b><span>Status<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>17<\/b><span>Aircraft on record<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>47<\/b><span>Air forces flying its types<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"photocred\">Royal Air Force Hunter. [[User:Ad Meskens|Ad Meskens You are free to use this picture for any purpose as \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Country<\/b>United Kingdom<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Founded<\/b>1920<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Founders<\/b>Harry Hawker, Thomas Sopwith, Fred Sigrist, Bill Eyre<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Headquarters<\/b>Canbury Park Road, Kingston upon Thames; later Richmond Road (Ham), Kingston<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Owner<\/b>Hawker Siddeley (from 1935); heritage now with BAE Systems<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Status<\/b>Merged into <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/hawker-siddeley\/\">Hawker Siddeley<\/a> in 1963<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>Hawker: the company and the aircraft that made its name<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">The blacksmith&rsquo;s son from Moorabbin<\/h3>\n<p>Harry Hawker was the son of a blacksmith in Moorabbin, Victoria. At 11 he was helping to build engines in a Melbourne garage for five shillings a week; in 1910 he watched the first public demonstrations of powered flight in Australia and decided to go to England. He arrived in May 1911, and by June 1912 was a mechanic for Tom Sopwith at Brooklands. He talked Sopwith into teaching him to fly, went solo after three lessons, and that October stayed aloft for 8 hours 23 minutes to win the Michelin Cup. In 1914 he became, it appears, <span class=\"imp\">the first pilot to spin an aeroplane on purpose and recover<\/span> &mdash; at a time when spins were killing airmen.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Lost in the Atlantic<\/h3>\n<p>On 18 May 1919 Hawker and navigator Kenneth Mackenzie Grieve took off from Newfoundland in the Sopwith Atlantic, chasing the Daily Mail&rsquo;s &pound;10,000 prize for the first transatlantic flight. After fourteen and a half hours the engine overheated. They turned for the shipping lanes and ditched beside a Danish freighter, the Mary, which picked them up. The Mary had no working radio. For six days Britain believed them dead, until the ship reached the Butt of Lewis and the news broke. The Daily Mail paid them a &pound;5,000 consolation prize. Hawker named his second daughter Mary, after the ship.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Sopwith goes under<\/h3>\n<p>Sopwith had built more than 16,000 aircraft in the First World War, but peace turned the business upside down. A venture making ABC motorcycles under licence swallowed &pound;100,000 of new machinery and failed, and the taxman claimed excess wartime profits: of liabilities of &pound;705,430 in 1920, &pound;583,510 was excess profits duty. In September 1920 the company went into voluntary liquidation. Sopwith, Hawker, Fred Sigrist and Bill Eyre each put in &pound;5,000 and formed a new firm to buy the assets. To keep it clear of claims against the old one, they gave it the test pilot&rsquo;s name: <span class=\"imp\">H. G. Hawker Engineering<\/span>. For its first years it built motorcycles as well as aircraft.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Sydney Camm arrives<\/h3>\n<p>Harry Hawker did not live to see what his name became. On 12 July 1921, practising for the Aerial Derby, his Nieuport Goshawk crashed while climbing away from Hendon; doctors believed he had suffered a haemorrhage in the air. He was 32. The company&rsquo;s first prototype, the Duiker, flew in July 1923, and that November a former carpenter from Windsor named Sydney Camm joined as a senior draughtsman. His first design was the Cygnet, and by 1925 he was chief designer. With Sigrist, Camm devised a cheap form of metal construction from jointed tubes, and from it came the Hart, the Fury and their many relatives. <span class=\"imp\">At one point in the 1930s, 84 per cent of RAF aircraft were Camm designs.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">The thousand-fighter gamble<\/h3>\n<p>Hawker grew rich in the Depression. In 1933 it became Hawker Aircraft Ltd, in 1934 it bought Gloster for its room to expand, and in 1935 it took over Armstrong Siddeley, Armstrong Whitworth and Avro to form Hawker Siddeley Aircraft. Camm&rsquo;s new monoplane fighter, the Hurricane, first flew on 6 November 1935 with George Bulman at the controls. Early in 1936, without an official order and at its own expense, the Hawker board decided to tool up for 1,000 of them. That gamble put Hurricanes in squadrons when it mattered. In the Battle of Britain they outnumbered all other British fighters combined and, by Fighter Command&rsquo;s count, accounted for 55 per cent of the 2,739 German losses.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Typhoon, Tempest, Fury<\/h3>\n<p>The Hurricane&rsquo;s successors were heavier hitters. The Typhoon, plagued at first by flutter and buffeting, became a feared ground-attack aircraft over Normandy, where it devastated the German armies in the Falaise Pocket; 3,317 were built. The Tempest, refined from it, proved <span class=\"imp\">deadly against the V-1 flying bomb<\/span>, its squadrons destroying 638 of the 1,846 shot down by aircraft. The last of the line, the Sea Fury, reached 460 mph, the fastest of all Hawker piston fighters, and in August 1952 a Royal Navy Sea Fury over Korea was credited with shooting down a MiG-15 jet. Today a dozen or so race at Reno.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Hunters, hovering and the end of a name<\/h3>\n<p>Neville Duke first flew the Hunter on 20 July 1951, and on 7 September 1953 he took a modified one to a world airspeed record of 727.63 mph over Littlehampton. The RAF&rsquo;s Black Arrows looped 22 Hunters in formation; 1,972 were built and 21 overseas air forces flew them. Then came the radical P.1127, which first hovered in October 1960 and led to the Harrier. In 1963 Hawker Siddeley dropped its founding names, and the P.1127 was the last aircraft to carry the Hawker badge. Sir Sydney Camm, credited with 52 types and some 26,000 aircraft, died on a golf course in 1966. Hawker&rsquo;s name outlived it all, revived by Raytheon in 1993 for a family of business jets.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"pull\">to avoid any muddle if we had gone on building aeroplanes and called them Sopwiths &ndash; there was bound to be a muddle somewhere &ndash; we called the company the Hawker Company. I didn&rsquo;t mind. He was largely responsible for our growth during the war.<cite>Thomas Sopwith &middot; co-founder, on naming the company after Harry Hawker<\/cite><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"pull\">The nation had lost one of its most distinguished airmen.<cite>King George V &middot; message of condolence on the death of Harry Hawker, July 1921<\/cite><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>Hawker in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>The company<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>In short<\/dt>\n<dd>Founded 1920<\/p>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Formed in late 1920 from the assets of the liquidated Sopwith Aviation Company<\/li>\n<li>Founders Harry Hawker, Thomas Sopwith, Fred Sigrist and Bill Eyre, &pound;5,000 each<\/li>\n<li>Renamed Hawker Aircraft Ltd in 1933; bought Gloster in 1934<\/li>\n<li>Formed Hawker Siddeley Aircraft in 1935<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Production<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Best known for<\/dt>\n<dd>Hurricane, Hunter<\/p>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Hart family biplanes of the 1930s<\/li>\n<li>Hurricane: 14,487 built in Britain and Canada<\/li>\n<li>Typhoon, Tempest and Sea Fury piston fighters<\/li>\n<li>Hunter jet fighter (1,972 built) and P.1127, ancestor of the Harrier<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Today<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Now<\/dt>\n<dd>Part of BAE Systems heritage<\/p>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Hawker name dropped by Hawker Siddeley in 1963<\/li>\n<li>Hawker Siddeley became part of British Aerospace in 1977, today BAE Systems<\/li>\n<li>Kingston factory closed in 1993; Dunsfold used until 1998<\/li>\n<li>Name revived by Raytheon and Hawker Beechcraft for business jets<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Sopwith and Hawker designs together exceed 45,000 aircraft since 1912, according to a Royal Aeronautical Society history.<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>The numbers<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Founding capital<\/dt>\n<dd>&pound;20,000 (four partners at &pound;5,000 each)<span class=\"gnote\">1920<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Hurricanes built<\/dt>\n<dd>14,487 (Hawker 9,986; Gloster 2,750; Canadian Car and Foundry 1,451; Austin 300)<\/dd>\n<dt>Share of German losses in the Battle of Britain credited to Hurricanes<\/dt>\n<dd>55 per cent of 2,739 (Fighter Command figures)<span class=\"gnote\">1940<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Hunters built<\/dt>\n<dd>1,972<\/dd>\n<dt>Overseas air forces flying the Hunter<\/dt>\n<dd>21<\/dd>\n<dt>V-1s destroyed by Tempests<\/dt>\n<dd>638 of 1,846 destroyed by aircraft<span class=\"gnote\">1944<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft types designed by Sydney Camm at Hawker<\/dt>\n<dd>52, with some 26,000 built<\/dd>\n<dt>Sopwith and Hawker designs built since 1912<\/dt>\n<dd>more than 45,000<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"fleet\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The aircraft<\/div>\n<h2>Every notable Hawker aircraft<\/h2>\n<div class=\"acgrid\"><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hart\/\"><span class=\"im ph2\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Hawker Hart<\/b><em>Light bomber &middot; first flight 1928 &middot; at least 1,004 built<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-fury\/\"><span class=\"im ph3\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Hawker Fury<\/b><em>Biplane fighter &middot; first flight 1931 &middot; 275 built<\/em><\/span><\/a><span class=\"acard\"><span class=\"im ph4\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Hawker Hind<\/b><em>Light bomber &middot; first flight 1934 &middot; 528 built<\/em><\/span><\/span><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\"><span class=\"im ph5\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Hawker Hurricane<\/b><em>Fighter &middot; first flight 1935 &middot; 14,487 built<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-typhoon\/\"><span class=\"im ph6\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Hawker Typhoon<\/b><em>Fighter-bomber &middot; first flight 1940 &middot; 3,317 built<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-tempest\/\"><span class=\"im ph7\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Hawker Tempest<\/b><em>Fighter &middot; first flight 1942 &middot; 1,702 built<\/em><\/span><\/a><span class=\"acard\"><span class=\"im ph3\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Hawker Sea Fury<\/b><em>Carrier fighter-bomber &middot; first flight 1944 &middot; about 860 built<\/em><\/span><\/span><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/sea-hawk\/\"><span class=\"im ph8\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Hawker Sea Hawk<\/b><em>Carrier jet fighter &middot; first flight 1947 &middot; 542 built<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\"><span class=\"im ph9\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Hawker Hunter<\/b><em>Jet fighter &middot; first flight 1951 &middot; 1,972 built<\/em><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<p class=\"pcred\">Photos: Royal Air Force Hart. [[User:Ad Meskens|Ad Meskens You are free to use this picture for any purpose as \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0); Alan Wilson from Stilton, Peterborough, Cambs, UK \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0); Photo (Hawker Hind in other markings shown): Alan Wilson from Stilton, Peterborough, Cambs, UK \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0); Royal Air Force official photographer &#183; Public domain (IWM CM131); RAF official photographer &#183; IWM (CL 570) &#183; Public domain; RAF official &#183; Public domain; Royal Navy official photographer &#183; IWM &#183; Public domain; Ossobe &#183; CC BY-SA 4.0<\/p>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"acfind\" data-filter=\"#mfrtbl\" data-item=\"tbody tr\" data-noun=\"aircraft\" placeholder=\"Search aircraft, roles, years\" aria-label=\"Search aircraft, roles, years\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"acfind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"acfind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"mfrtbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Aircraft<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th>First flight<\/th>\n<th>Built<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Note<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Hawker Duiker<\/td>\n<td>Parasol reconnaissance prototype<\/td>\n<td>1923<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Hawker&rsquo;s first prototype<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Hawker Woodcock<\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td>1923<\/td>\n<td>64<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Hawker Horsley<\/td>\n<td>Bomber \/ torpedo bomber<\/td>\n<td>1925<\/td>\n<td>124<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hart\/\">Hawker Hart<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Light bomber<\/td>\n<td>1928<\/td>\n<td>at least 1,004<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Most produced British aeroplane before the Second World War, with many derivatives<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Hawker Tomtit<\/td>\n<td>Trainer<\/td>\n<td>1928<\/td>\n<td>36<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-fury\/\">Hawker Fury<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Biplane fighter<\/td>\n<td>1931<\/td>\n<td>275<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-siddeley-nimrod\/\">Hawker Nimrod<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Naval fighter<\/td>\n<td>1931<\/td>\n<td>92<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Hawker Hind<\/td>\n<td>Light bomber<\/td>\n<td>1934<\/td>\n<td>528<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Flew with Afghanistan until 1955<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\">Hawker Hurricane<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td>1935<\/td>\n<td>14,487<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Backbone of Fighter Command in the Battle of Britain<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Hawker Hector<\/td>\n<td>Army co-operation<\/td>\n<td>1936<\/td>\n<td>179<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Hawker Henley<\/td>\n<td>Light bomber \/ target tug<\/td>\n<td>1937<\/td>\n<td>202<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-typhoon\/\">Hawker Typhoon<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Fighter-bomber<\/td>\n<td>1940<\/td>\n<td>3,317<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-tempest\/\">Hawker Tempest<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td>1942<\/td>\n<td>1,702<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Its squadrons destroyed 638 V-1 flying bombs in 1944<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Hawker Sea Fury<\/td>\n<td>Carrier fighter-bomber<\/td>\n<td>1944<\/td>\n<td>about 860<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fastest Hawker piston fighter; raced at Reno today<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/sea-hawk\/\">Hawker Sea Hawk<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Carrier jet fighter<\/td>\n<td>1947<\/td>\n<td>542<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\">Hawker Hunter<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Jet fighter<\/td>\n<td>1951<\/td>\n<td>1,972<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>World airspeed record 1953; still flown by contract aggressor firms<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Hawker P.1127<\/td>\n<td>Experimental V\/STOL<\/td>\n<td>1960<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Last aircraft to carry the Hawker name; led to the Harrier<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"operators\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Who flies them<\/div>\n<h2>Hawker aircraft in the world&rsquo;s air forces<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">47 air forces in the Order of Battle fly or flew Hawker types. <span class=\"imp\">0 of them still have one in service.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"opfind\" data-filter=\"#optbl\" data-item=\"tbody tr\" data-noun=\"air forces\" placeholder=\"Search air forces and types\" aria-label=\"Search air forces and types\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"opfind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"opfind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"optbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Air force<\/th>\n<th>In service<\/th>\n<th>Formerly flown<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/afghan-air-force\/\">Afghan Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Hawker Hind<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/air-force-of-zimbabwe\/\">Air Force of Zimbabwe<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter FGA.9<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/belgian-air-force\/\">Belgian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter F.6<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter F.4<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hurricane Mk.I<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/canadian-naval-and-army-aviation\/\">Canadian Naval and Army Aviation<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Hawker Sea Fury FB.11<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/chilean-air-force\/\">Chilean Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/cuban-revolutionary-air-and-air-defense-force\/\">Cuban Revolutionary Air and Air Defense Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Hawker Sea Fury FB.11 and T.20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/czech-air-force\/\">Czech Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hurricane I and II<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/egyptian-air-force\/\">Egyptian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hurricane<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/estonian-air-force\/\">Estonian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hart\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hart (Estonian export version)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/finnish-air-force\/\">Finnish Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hurricane Mk I<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/fleet-air-arm\/\">Fleet Air Arm<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Hawker Sea Fury, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/sea-hawk\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Sea Hawk<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/fleet-air-arm-ran\/\">Fleet Air Arm (Royal Australian Navy)<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Hawker Sea Fury FB.11<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/german-naval-aviation\/\">German Naval Aviation<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Hawker Sea Hawk Mk 100 and Mk 101<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/hellenic-air-force\/\">Hellenic Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hurricane I\/II<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/indian-air-force\/\">Indian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter F.56\/T.66<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-tempest\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Tempest II<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hurricane<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/indian-naval-air-arm\/\">Indian Naval Air Arm<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/sea-hawk\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Sea Hawk FGA.6, Mk 100 and Mk 101<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/iraqi-air-force\/\">Iraqi Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Hawker Audax (Nisr), Hawker Fury F.Mk.1 (land-based Sea Fury), <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/irish-air-corps\/\">Irish Air Corps<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hurricane I, IIA, IIB and IIC<\/a>, Hawker Hector, Hawker Hind I<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/islamic-republic-of-iran-air-force\/\">Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-fury\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Fury<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hart\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hart<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/kenya-air-force\/\">Kenya Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/kuwait-air-force\/\">Kuwait Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter FGA.57 and T.67<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/latvian-air-force\/\">Latvian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Hawker Hind (Latvian)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/lebanese-air-force\/\">Lebanese Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter F.6, FGA.70\/70A, T.66C and T.69<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/myanmar-air-force\/\">Myanmar Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Hawker Sea Fury FB.11 and T.20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/pakistan-air-force\/\">Pakistan Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Hawker Fury FB.60 and T.61, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-tempest\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Tempest II<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/peruvian-air-force\/\">Peruvian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter F.52 and T.62<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/polish-air-force\/\">Polish Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hurricane<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/portuguese-air-force\/\">Portuguese Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hurricane IIB\/IIC<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/qatar-emiri-air-force\/\">Qatar Emiri Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/republic-of-singapore-air-force\/\">Republic of Singapore Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter FGA.74, FR.74 and T.75<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/romanian-air-force\/\">Romanian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hurricane Mk I<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/united-kingdom-royal-air-force\/\">Royal Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hurricane<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-typhoon\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Typhoon<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-tempest\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Tempest<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hart\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hart<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-fury\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Fury<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/royal-air-force-of-oman\/\">Royal Air Force of Oman<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/royal-australian-air-force\/\">Royal Australian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hurricane<\/a>, Hawker Demon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/royal-canadian-air-force\/\">Royal Canadian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hurricane<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/royal-danish-air-force\/\">Royal Danish Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter F.51 and T.53<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/royal-jordanian-air-force\/\">Royal Jordanian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/royal-netherlands-air-and-space-force\/\">Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter F.4, F.6 and T.7<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/royal-saudi-air-force\/\">Royal Saudi Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter F.60 and T.7<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/russian-naval-aviation\/\">Russian Naval Aviation<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hurricane<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/serbian-air-force-and-air-defence\/\">Serbian Air Force and Air Defence<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hurricane I (Royal Yugoslav AF) and IIC\/IV (1944&ndash;1945)<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-fury\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Fury II<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/somali-air-force\/\">Somali Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/south-african-air-force\/\">South African Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hurricane Mk I and II<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hart\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hart, Hind, Audax and Hartbees<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-fury\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Fury I<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/swedish-air-force\/\">Swedish Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter Mk 50 (J 34)<\/a>, Hawker Hart (B 4)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/swiss-air-force\/\">Swiss Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter F.58\/F.58A\/T.68<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/turkish-air-force\/\">Turkish Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hurricane\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hurricane I\/II<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/united-arab-emirates-air-force\/\">United Arab Emirates Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hawker-hunter\/\" class=\"was\">Hawker Hunter<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"people\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Places, people, records<\/div>\n<h2>Where Hawker built, who led it, what it achieved<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3>Factories<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li><b>Canbury Park Road<\/b> &middot; Kingston upon Thames, Surrey &mdash; Sopwith&rsquo;s wartime works and Hawker&rsquo;s first head office<\/li>\n<li><b>Ham works, Richmond Road<\/b> &middot; Kingston upon Thames, Surrey &mdash; Taken over in 1948 as the main factory; closed 1993<\/li>\n<li><b>Brooklands<\/b> &middot; Weybridge, Surrey &mdash; Final assembly and flight test; Hurricane assembly 1937&ndash;1942<\/li>\n<li><b>Langley<\/b> &middot; near Slough &mdash; Factory and airfield, Hurricane production 1939&ndash;1944<\/li>\n<li><b>Dunsfold<\/b> &middot; Surrey &mdash; Flight test airfield from 1951 until 1998<\/li>\n<li><b>Hucclecote<\/b> &middot; Gloucestershire &mdash; Gloster factory, acquired with Gloster in 1934<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>People<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li><b>Harry Hawker<\/b> &middot; co-founder, test pilot &mdash; 1889&ndash;1921; killed at Hendon a year after the company was formed<\/li>\n<li><b>Sir Thomas Sopwith<\/b> &middot; co-founder, chairman<\/li>\n<li><b>Fred Sigrist<\/b> &middot; co-founder, managing director &mdash; Developed Hawker&rsquo;s tubular metal construction with Camm<\/li>\n<li><b>Sir Sydney Camm<\/b> &middot; chief designer 1925&ndash;1965 &mdash; Hart, Fury, Hurricane, Typhoon, Tempest, Hunter, P.1127<\/li>\n<li><b>George Bulman<\/b> &middot; chief test pilot &mdash; First flew the Hurricane in 1935<\/li>\n<li><b>Neville Duke<\/b> &middot; chief test pilot &mdash; First flew the Hunter; world airspeed record 1953<\/li>\n<li><b>Bill Bedford<\/b> &middot; chief test pilot<\/li>\n<li><b>Roy Chaplin<\/b> &middot; designer &mdash; Chief designer from 1957<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>Records and firsts<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>World airspeed record, 727.63 mph, Hunter, Neville Duke, 7 September 1953 (h7)<\/li>\n<li>Formation loop of 22 Hunters by the RAF Black Arrows (h7)<\/li>\n<li>Only Victoria Cross to a Fighter Command pilot in WWII, Flt Lt James Nicolson, Hurricane, 16 August 1940 (h6)<\/li>\n<li>Michelin Cup endurance flight of 8 hours 23 minutes by Harry Hawker, October 1912 (h2)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>Hawker, year by year<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1912<\/div>\n<p>Harry Hawker joins Sopwith as a mechanic<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1919<\/div>\n<p>Hawker&rsquo;s transatlantic attempt ends in the sea; rescued by the Mary<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1920<\/div>\n<p>Sopwith Aviation goes into voluntary liquidation<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1920<\/div>\n<p>H. G. Hawker Engineering formed by Hawker, Sopwith, Sigrist and Eyre<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1921<\/div>\n<p>Harry Hawker killed near Hendon<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1923<\/div>\n<p>First flight of the Duiker, Hawker&rsquo;s first prototype<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1923<\/div>\n<p>Sydney Camm joins as senior draughtsman<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1928<\/div>\n<p>First flight of the Hart<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1933<\/div>\n<p>Renamed Hawker Aircraft Ltd<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1934<\/div>\n<p>Buys the Gloster Aircraft Company<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1935<\/div>\n<p>Hawker Siddeley Aircraft formed with Armstrong Siddeley, Armstrong Whitworth and Avro<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1935<\/div>\n<p>Hurricane prototype first flies<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1940<\/div>\n<p>Hurricanes bear the brunt of the Battle of Britain<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1940<\/div>\n<p>First flight of the Typhoon<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1942<\/div>\n<p>First flight of the Tempest<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1951<\/div>\n<p>Neville Duke flies the Hunter prototype<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1953<\/div>\n<p>Hunter sets world airspeed record of 727.63 mph<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1960<\/div>\n<p>P.1127 V\/STOL prototype first hovers and flies<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1963<\/div>\n<p>Hawker name dropped; types rebranded Hawker Siddeley<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1966<\/div>\n<p>Sir Sydney Camm dies<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"lineage\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The family tree<\/div>\n<h2>Before and after Hawker<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/sopwith\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Came before<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Sopwith<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Assets, patents and contracts bought on Sopwith&rsquo;s liquidation in 1920<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Sopwith page<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/hawker-siddeley\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Came after<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Hawker Siddeley<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Formed by Hawker in 1935; absorbed the Hawker name in 1963<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Hawker Siddeley page<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/hawker-beechcraft\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Came after<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Hawker Beechcraft<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Name only: Raytheon revived the Hawker brand for business jets in 1993<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Hawker Beechcraft page<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about Hawker<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>Who founded Hawker Aircraft?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Harry Hawker, Thomas Sopwith, Fred Sigrist and Bill Eyre founded H. G. Hawker Engineering in 1920, each putting in &pound;5,000, after the Sopwith Aviation Company was liquidated.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why is Hawker named after Harry Hawker?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The partners wanted to keep the new firm clear of claims against the old Sopwith company, so they named it after their Australian test pilot, whom Sopwith credited with much of the wartime growth.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How many Hawker Hurricanes were built?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">14,487 Hurricanes were built in Britain and Canada: 9,986 by Hawker, 2,750 by Gloster, 1,451 by Canadian Car and Foundry and 300 by Austin.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Did the Hurricane or the Spitfire shoot down more aircraft in the Battle of Britain?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The Hurricane. By Fighter Command&rsquo;s figures Hurricanes accounted for 55 per cent of the 2,739 German losses, against 42 per cent for Spitfires.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Who designed the Hawker Hurricane?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Sydney Camm, Hawker&rsquo;s chief designer from 1925 to 1965, who also designed the Hart, Fury, Typhoon, Tempest, Hunter and the P.1127 that led to the Harrier.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What happened to Hawker?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Hawker formed Hawker Siddeley in 1935, and the Hawker name was dropped in 1963. Hawker Siddeley became part of British Aerospace in 1977, today BAE Systems.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Who founded Hawker Aircraft?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Harry Hawker, Thomas Sopwith, Fred Sigrist and Bill Eyre founded H. G. Hawker Engineering in 1920, each putting in \\u00a35,000, after the Sopwith Aviation Company was liquidated.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Why is Hawker named after Harry Hawker?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The partners wanted to keep the new firm clear of claims against the old Sopwith company, so they named it after their Australian test pilot, whom Sopwith credited with much of the wartime growth.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How many Hawker Hurricanes were built?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"14,487 Hurricanes were built in Britain and Canada: 9,986 by Hawker, 2,750 by Gloster, 1,451 by Canadian Car and Foundry and 300 by Austin.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Did the Hurricane or the Spitfire shoot down more aircraft in the Battle of Britain?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The Hurricane. By Fighter Command\\u2019s figures Hurricanes accounted for 55 per cent of the 2,739 German losses, against 42 per cent for Spitfires.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Who designed the Hawker Hurricane?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Sydney Camm, Hawker\\u2019s chief designer from 1925 to 1965, who also designed the Hart, Fury, Typhoon, Tempest, Hunter and the P.1127 that led to the Harrier.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What happened to Hawker?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Hawker formed Hawker Siddeley in 1935, and the Hawker name was dropped in 1963. Hawker Siddeley became part of British Aerospace in 1977, today BAE Systems.\"}}]}<\/script><hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Around Hawker<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/de-havilland\/\"><span class=\"rk\">United Kingdom<\/span><span class=\"rh\">de Havilland<\/span><span class=\"rp\">The Hatfield firm that put Britain&rsquo;s flying clubs in Moths, built a bomber out of furniture wood, gave the world its first jet airliner &mdash; and lost it to a&hellip;<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the de Havilland page<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/westland\/\"><span class=\"rk\">United Kingdom<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Westland<\/span><span class=\"rp\">An oil-engine firm in Somerset that flew the first aircraft over Everest, slipped agents into occupied France, set a helicopter speed record still unbroken and once&hellip;<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Westland page<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The index<\/span><span class=\"rh\">All aircraft manufacturers<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Every company that built an aircraft flown by the air forces in the Order of Battle, current and historic.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Open the list<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawker_Aircraft\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hawker Aircraft (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harry_Hawker\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Harry Hawker (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sydney_Camm\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Sydney Camm (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sopwith_Aviation_Company\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Sopwith Aviation Company (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gracesguide.co.uk\/Hawker\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hawker, Grace&rsquo;s Guide to British Industrial History<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawker_Hurricane\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hawker Hurricane (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawker_Hunter\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hawker Hunter (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawker_Tempest\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hawker Tempest (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawker_Sea_Fury\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hawker Sea Fury (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawker_Siddeley\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hawker Siddeley (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.loughborough-raes.org.uk\/ewExternalFiles\/150120%20Kingston%20Aircraft-2.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">100 Years of World Class Aircraft from Kingston-upon-Thames, RAeS Loughborough Branch<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawker_Typhoon\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hawker Typhoon (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawker_Hart\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hawker Hart (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawker_Fury\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hawker Fury (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawker_Hind\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hawker Hind (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawker_Sea_Hawk\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hawker Sea Hawk (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawker_Siddeley_P.1127\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hawker Siddeley P.1127 (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawker_Woodcock\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hawker Woodcock (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawker_Horsley\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hawker Horsley (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawker_Nimrod\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hawker Nimrod (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawker_Henley\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hawker Henley (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawker_Hector\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hawker Hector (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawker_Tomtit\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hawker Tomtit (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawker_Duiker\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hawker Duiker (Wikipedia)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Verified 2026-10-03.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam 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G. Hawker Engineering Company &middot; Hawker Aircraft Limited (from 1933) Born from the wreck of Sopwith and named after a test pilot who died within a year, Hawker built the Hurricane that carried the Battle of Britain and the Hunter that set the world [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":31477,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-32340","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Hawker | MiGFlug<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/he\/\u05d9\u05e6\u05e8\u05e0\u05d9-\u05de\u05d8\u05d5\u05e1\u05d9\u05dd\/hawker\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"he_IL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hawker | MiGFlug\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Order of Battle &middot; Aircraft manufacturers &middot; United Kingdom Hawker H. 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