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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero\">\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/libyan-air-force\/\">Libyan Air Force<\/a><\/div>\n<h1>Every war the Libyan Air Force has fought<\/h1>\n<p class=\"sub\">The record covers the air force of the monarchy and of Gaddafi and, since 2014, both rival air arms. Loss claims are given with the side that makes them: Egypt&rsquo;s for 1977 and Chad&rsquo;s for Ouadi Doum and Maaten al-Sarra are not independently confirmed, the account of who fired first over the Gulf of Sidra in 1981 is the US one, and the two sides&rsquo; accounts of the 1989 clash off Tobruk differ. In the war of 2014&ndash;2020 most strike and loss claims come from the side that made them, and the death toll of the Tajoura strike differs by source; the Russian-supplied aircraft reported by US Africa Command are not counted as Libyan. The targets of the 2023 Zawiya drone strikes are given as the Tripoli government described them. Where a consolidated sortie or loss figure exists in the official record it is given here; where accounts disagree, the range is shown and the disagreement named. Blank cells are blank because no figure could be verified, not because the fighting was small.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"combat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">From Mirages lent to Egypt in 1973 to the drone war over Tripoli and the Zawiya strikes of 2023.<\/p>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"warfind\" data-filter=\"#combattbl\" data-item=\"tbody tr.crow\" data-noun=\"conflicts\" placeholder=\"Search conflicts, countries, aircraft, years\" aria-label=\"Search conflicts, countries, aircraft, years\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"warfind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"warfind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt cbt\" id=\"combattbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Conflict<\/th>\n<th>Years<\/th>\n<th>Against<\/th>\n<th>Main aircraft<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Sorties<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Aircraft lost<\/th>\n<th><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd0\" data-x=\"Egypt and Sinai Libyan Arab Air Force (aircraft lent to Egypt) Alongside Egypt and Syria Mirage 5D Mirage 5DR\">\n<td>The October War<span class=\"cwho\">Libyan Mirages with the Egyptian Air Force<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Libyan Arab Air Force (aircraft lent to Egypt)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1973<\/td>\n<td>Israel<\/td>\n<td>Mirage 5D, Mirage 5DR<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd0\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd0\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Lent Mirage 5s to Egypt; they were flown by Egyptian pilots of the 69th Squadron at Tanta.<\/p>\n<p>Libya&rsquo;s first Mirages went to war before Libyan pilots were ready to fly them in combat. According to Wikipedia&rsquo;s Mirage 5 article, Egyptian pilots and 19 Libyan Mirage 5Ds plus two reconnaissance aircraft formed the 69th Squadron at Tanta during the October 1973 war. Libyan officers travelled to Tanta during the war and tried to negotiate the aircraft&rsquo;s return, but the Egyptian command refused, and the Mirages only went back to Libya in 1974. The episode is a reminder of how quickly the Libyan air force was equipped after 1969 &mdash; and how far its aircraft ran ahead of its trained crews.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Egypt returned the aircraft in 1974.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Whether any Libyan pilots also flew in the war, and how many of the Mirages were lost, was not confirmed.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Libyan Arab Air Force (aircraft lent to Egypt)<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Egypt and Sinai<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>Egypt and Syria<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Israel<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Mirage 5D, Mirage 5DR<\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dassault_Mirage_5\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd1\" data-x=\"Libyan&ndash;Egyptian border Libyan Arab Air Force No allied air arm Mirage 5\">\n<td>The Egyptian&ndash;Libyan war<span class=\"cwho\">the 1977 border war<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Libyan Arab Air Force<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1977<\/td>\n<td>Egypt<\/td>\n<td>Mirage 5<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd1\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd1\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Flew Mirage 5s in close air support of Libyan ground forces.<\/p>\n<p>Four years after lending its Mirages to Egypt, Libya fought it. In the brief border war of 1977, according to Wikipedia&rsquo;s Mirage 5 article, Libya used its Mirages for close air support, and Egypt claimed to have shot down three or four of them in air combat. The sources checked give no Libyan account of the air fighting, and no independently confirmed loss figure.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> A short war; the sources checked give no air force outcome beyond the claims.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Loss figures are Egyptian claims only.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Libyan Arab Air Force<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Libyan&ndash;Egyptian border<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Egypt<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Mirage 5<\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">Egypt claimed three to four Libyan Mirages shot down in air combat; Libyan figures were not found.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dassault_Mirage_5\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd2\" data-x=\"Tanzania and Uganda Libyan Arab Air Force Alongside Uganda Tu-22\">\n<td>The Uganda&ndash;Tanzania war<span class=\"cwho\">the Mwanza raid<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Libyan Arab Air Force<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1979<\/td>\n<td>Tanzania<\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/tu-22-blinder\/\">Tu-22<\/a><\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd2\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd2\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd2\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Sent a Tu-22 to bomb Mwanza in Tanzania in support of its Ugandan allies.<\/p>\n<p>Gaddafi sent troops and aircraft to prop up Idi Amin. The air force&rsquo;s contribution, according to Wikipedia&rsquo;s Tu-22 article, was a single Tu-22 raid on the Tanzanian town of Mwanza on 29 March 1979, which achieved nothing. It was the first known combat use of Libya&rsquo;s new supersonic bombers, which would be used much more heavily in Chad.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> The raid failed.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Only the Tu-22 raid is recorded in the sources checked; other air force activity in Uganda was not confirmed.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Libyan Arab Air Force<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Tanzania and Uganda<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>Uganda<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Tanzania<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/tu-22-blinder\/\">Tu-22<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd>1<span class=\"cwho\">One recorded bombing sortie on 29 March 1979.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">No loss recorded in the sources checked.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-22\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd3\" data-x=\"Chad, northern Libya and Sudan Libyan Arab Air Force No allied air arm Tu-22 Su-22 MiG-21 MiG-23 Mirage 5 Mirage F1 L-39 SF.260 Mi-24\/25\">\n<td>The Chadian&ndash;Libyan war<span class=\"cwho\">Aouzou, Ouadi Doum and Maaten al-Sarra<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Libyan Arab Air Force<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1978&ndash;1987<\/td>\n<td>Chad and France<\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/tu-22-blinder\/\">Tu-22<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-22-fitter\/\">Su-22<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-21-fishbed\/\">MiG-21<\/a><span class=\"cwho\">and 6 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd3\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd3\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd3\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Bombed Chadian and Sudanese targets, supported Libyan garrisons from Ouadi Doum and Faya-Largeau, and flew Tu-22 raids on N&rsquo;Djamena.<\/p>\n<p>Chad was the Libyan air force&rsquo;s real war. Tu-22s flew their first Chad mission on 9 October 1980, and in September 1981 a raid on Omdurman in Sudan killed three civilians, according to Wikipedia&rsquo;s Tu-22 article. After France launched Operation &#201;pervier, a single Tu-22 flew low across the desert on 17 February 1986 and bombed N&rsquo;Djamena airport, hitting the runway; it probably crashed on the way home. The air bridge depended on Ouadi Doum in northern Chad, and when Chadian forces in Toyota pick-ups overran it in March 1987 the losses were heavy: Wikipedia lists 11 L-39s, two Tu-22s, three Mi-25s and two SF.260s destroyed or captured, and Libyan aircraft later bombed the abandoned equipment. On 5 September 1987 Chad raided Maaten al-Sarra inside Libya and claimed about 32 aircraft destroyed, including MiG-21s, MiG-23s, Su-22s and Mi-24s. Two days later a Tu-22 attacking N&rsquo;Djamena was shot down by a French Hawk battery. Wikipedia&rsquo;s account of the campaign blames divided commands and a regime that feared its own officers.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Ceasefire on 11 September 1987, after OAU mediation by Kenneth Kaunda.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Chadian loss claims are not independently confirmed. Wikipedia says the Tu-22 shot down in 1987 had an East German crew; this was not confirmed elsewhere and the crew is not named here.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Libyan Arab Air Force<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Chad, northern Libya and Sudan<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Chad and France<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/tu-22-blinder\/\">Tu-22<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-22-fitter\/\">Su-22<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-21-fishbed\/\">MiG-21<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-23-flogger\/\">MiG-23<\/a>, Mirage 5, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/dassault-mirage-f1\/\">Mirage F1<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/l-39-albatros\/\">L-39<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/sf-260\/\">SF.260<\/a>, Mi-24\/25<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">Libya had about 60 combat aircraft plus Mi-24s committed in 1987, per Wikipedia.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">At Ouadi Doum in March 1987, Wikipedia lists two SF.260s, three Mi-25s, two Tu-22Bs and 11 L-39s destroyed or captured; Chad claimed about 32 aircraft destroyed at Maaten al-Sarra on 5 September 1987, with 1,000 Libyans killed and 300 captured. One Tu-22 was shot down by a French Hawk battery on 7 September 1987.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Toyota_War\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-22\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Libyan_Air_Force\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd4\" data-x=\"Gulf of Sidra Libyan Arab Air Force No allied air arm Su-22\">\n<td>The Gulf of Sidra incident<span class=\"cwho\">two Su-22s and two F-14s<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Libyan Arab Air Force<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1981<\/td>\n<td>United States<\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-22-fitter\/\">Su-22<\/a><\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd4\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd4\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd4\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Intercepted US Navy aircraft over waters Libya claimed as its own.<\/p>\n<p>Libya had claimed the whole Gulf of Sidra as territorial waters since 1973, with a boundary at 32&deg;30&rsquo;N that Gaddafi called the Line of Death; the United States rejected the claim and sailed through it. On 19 August 1981 two Libyan Su-22s met two F-14A Tomcats of the US Navy&rsquo;s VF-41. According to the US account summarised by Wikipedia, a Libyan pilot fired an AA-2 Atoll missile that missed, and the F-14s shot down both Su-22s with AIM-9L Sidewinders.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> No US loss.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">The account of who fired first is the US account; a Libyan official version was not found in the sources checked.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Libyan Arab Air Force<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Gulf of Sidra<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>United States<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-22-fitter\/\">Su-22<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd>2<span class=\"cwho\">Two Su-22s engaged.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>2 aircraft<span class=\"cwho\">Both Su-22s shot down; the US Navy&rsquo;s report says both pilots ejected and were recovered.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gulf_of_Sidra_incident_(1981)\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd5\" data-x=\"Tripoli and Benghazi Libyan Arab Air Force and air defence No allied air arm MiG-23 Il-76 Mi-8\">\n<td>Operation El Dorado Canyon<span class=\"cwho\">the US raid on Tripoli and Benghazi<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Libyan Arab Air Force and air defence<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1986<\/td>\n<td>United States<\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-23-flogger\/\">MiG-23<\/a>, Il-76, Mi-8<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd5\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd5\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd5\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Defended against US strikes on Benina airfield and the Tripoli military airfield; aircraft were hit on the ground.<\/p>\n<p>On 15 April 1986 US Air Force and US Navy aircraft struck targets in Tripoli and Benghazi, including Benina airfield and the former Wheelus base. Wikipedia&rsquo;s summary of US results lists numbers of MiG-23s, Il-76 transports and Mi-8 helicopters destroyed on the ground. Only one of the attacking aircraft was lost: an F-111 shot down over the Gulf of Sidra, killing Captains Fernando Ribas-Dominicci and Paul Lorence.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Libyan air defences failed to stop the raid.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">In Afterburner<\/span> <a class=\"clink\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/sr-71-libya-1986-brian-shul-walter-watson-64-17960\/\">SR-71 Over Libya, 1986: Brian Shul&rsquo;s Run Past Gaddafi&rsquo;s Missiles<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Libyan aircraft losses are US claims and the published tables disagree.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Libyan Arab Air Force and air defence<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Tripoli and Benghazi<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>United States<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-23-flogger\/\">MiG-23<\/a>, Il-76, Mi-8<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">Not applicable; no Libyan fighters engaged.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">US accounts summarised by Wikipedia list MiG-23s, Il-76s, Mi-8s and other aircraft destroyed on the ground; the exact figures vary. Libya reported about 40 casualties at first, later about 60 in all. One US F-111 was shot down and both crew killed.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1986_United_States_bombing_of_Libya\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Libyan_Air_Force\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd6\" data-x=\"Mediterranean north of Tobruk Libyan Arab Air Force No allied air arm MiG-23\">\n<td>The air battle near Tobruk<span class=\"cwho\">two MiG-23s and two F-14s<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Libyan Arab Air Force<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1989<\/td>\n<td>United States<\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-23-flogger\/\">MiG-23<\/a><\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd6\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd6\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd6\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Two MiG-23s approached US carrier aircraft.<\/p>\n<p>On 4 January 1989 two Libyan MiG-23s flew towards two F-14As of VF-32 from the USS John F. Kennedy about 40 miles north of Tobruk. According to the US account, the MiGs repeatedly turned towards the Tomcats under ground control, and the F-14s shot both down. The Pentagon later released imagery it said showed the MiGs carried air-to-air missiles. Libya said the aircraft were unarmed reconnaissance planes on a routine mission over international waters.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> No US loss.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">The two sides&rsquo; accounts of the MiGs&rsquo; armament and intent differ.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Libyan Arab Air Force<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Mediterranean north of Tobruk<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>United States<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-23-flogger\/\">MiG-23<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd>2<span class=\"cwho\">Two MiG-23s.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>2 aircraft<span class=\"cwho\">Both MiG-23s shot down; both pilots were seen to eject, recovery not known.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1989_air_battle_near_Tobruk\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd7\" data-x=\"Libya Libyan Arab Air Force (government), defecting crews and the rebel air arm No allied air arm Mirage F1 Su-22 MiG-23 G-2 Galeb Mi-24\/25\">\n<td>The 2011 Libyan civil war and NATO intervention<span class=\"cwho\">Operation Unified Protector<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Libyan Arab Air Force (government), defecting crews and the rebel air arm<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2011<\/td>\n<td>NATO and partner air forces and anti-Gaddafi forces<\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/dassault-mirage-f1\/\">Mirage F1<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-22-fitter\/\">Su-22<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-23-flogger\/\">MiG-23<\/a><span class=\"cwho\">and 2 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td>38<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd7\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd7\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd7\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Government aircraft attacked rebel areas until the no-fly zone; crews defected; rebels flew captured aircraft from Benina.<\/p>\n<p>The revolt broke the air force in a week. On 21 February 2011 two colonels flew Mirage F1s 502 and 508 from Okba Ben Nafi to Malta, saying they had been ordered to bomb protesters in Benghazi. On 23 February a Su-22 crew ejected near Ajdabiya instead of attacking the city, and rebels took Benina, destroying one Mi-24 and capturing a Mi-25D and a Mi-14. From 1 to 19 March, Wikipedia records, the rebel air arm flew 38 combat sorties. UN Security Council resolution 1973 of 17 March authorised a no-fly zone; France, the US and Britain began strikes on 19 March, and NATO took command on 31 March. Its Operation Unified Protector lasted 222 days and flew more than 26,000 sorties, 42 per cent of them strike sorties. On 23 March Air Vice-Marshal Greg Bagwell told the BBC the Libyan air force no longer existed as a fighting force. Airwars, counting all belligerents in 2011, assesses 1,166 to 2,519 civilian deaths as fairly reported or confirmed; NATO said it confirmed none from its own strikes.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> The Gaddafi government fell in 2011.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Government aircraft losses in 2011 are not published as a confirmed total. Airwars&rsquo; civilian figures cover all parties, not NATO alone.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Libyan Arab Air Force (government), defecting crews and the rebel air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Libya<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>NATO and partner air forces and anti-Gaddafi forces<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/dassault-mirage-f1\/\">Mirage F1<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-22-fitter\/\">Su-22<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-23-flogger\/\">MiG-23<\/a>, G-2 Galeb, Mi-24\/25<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd>38<span class=\"cwho\">38 combat sorties flown by the rebel air arm between 1 and 19 March, per Wikipedia. NATO flew more than 26,000 sorties.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">Wikipedia says rebels lost two jets and a helicopter and eight pilots and gunners killed in March. Many government aircraft were destroyed by coalition strikes; no reliable total was found.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Libyan_Air_Force\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/theaviationist.com\/2011\/02\/22\/mirage-malta\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Aviationist<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nato.int\/cps\/en\/natohq\/topics_71652.htm\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NATO<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2011_military_intervention_in_Libya\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/airwars.org\/conflict\/all-belligerents-in-libya-2011\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Airwars<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd8\" data-x=\"Benghazi, Derna, Tripoli, Misrata, Sirte, the Fezzan LNA air arm; Tripoli and Misrata-aligned air units Alongside UAE, Egypt and Russian contractors (LNA side, per US and HRW statements) and Turkey (Tripoli side) MiG-21 MiG-23 Mirage F1 Su-22 L-39 G-2 Galeb Mi-24\/35 Bayraktar TB2 Wing Loong\">\n<td>The second Libyan civil war and the Tripoli war<span class=\"cwho\">Operation Dignity to the Geneva ceasefire<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">LNA air arm; Tripoli and Misrata-aligned air units<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2014&ndash;2020<\/td>\n<td>Each other<\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-21-fishbed\/\">MiG-21<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-23-flogger\/\">MiG-23<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/dassault-mirage-f1\/\">Mirage F1<\/a><span class=\"cwho\">and 6 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd8\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd8\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd8\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Both air arms flew strikes with ex-Gaddafi jets and helicopters; foreign-supplied drones and aircraft decided the 2019&ndash;2020 war for Tripoli.<\/p>\n<p>Khalifa Haftar launched Operation Dignity on 16 May 2014 and the air force divided with the country. Haftar&rsquo;s air arm, led from January 2015 by Saqr Geroushi, flew old MiG-21s, MiG-23s and Mirages from Benina; the Tripoli and Misrata side kept Mitiga, Misrata and its own aircraft. Outsiders joined early: in August 2014 the United States said the UAE and Egypt had bombed Tripoli. When the LNA advanced on Tripoli on 4 April 2019 it struck Mitiga, the capital&rsquo;s only working airport, repeatedly. HRW attributes the 2 July 2019 Tajoura detention centre strike, which killed at least 44 migrants, and the 4 August 2019 Murzuq strikes, which killed more than 40, to the LNA; the LNA first said it had hit a weapons depot at Tajoura and later denied involvement. HRW reported that the UAE supplied the LNA with armed drones and Turkey supplied Tripoli; on 13 April 2019 Libya Observer, citing unnamed military sources and flight trackers, reported two cargo aircraft from Abu Dhabi landing at Benina with UAE drone operators. HRW also reported that a UAE-supplied drone killed 26 cadets in Tripoli in January 2020. In May 2020 AFRICOM said at least 14 MiG-29s and several Su-24s had flown from Russia via Syria to Al Jufra, flown by contractors. A UN Panel of Experts report of March 2021, as summarised by Wikipedia, said a Turkish-made Kargu-2 drone had hunted down and attacked LNA forces in 2020.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Tripoli&rsquo;s forces took Al Watiya on 18 May 2020 and pushed the LNA back to Sirte and Al Jufra; a permanent ceasefire was signed in Geneva on 23 October 2020.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Most strike and loss claims come from the side that made them. Tajoura deaths: at least 44 (HRW) or at least 53 (Wikipedia). The January 2020 cadet strike: 26 killed (HRW) or 28 (Wikipedia). The LNA&rsquo;s air chief Saqr al-Jaroushi promised &quot;the largest aerial campaign in Libyan history&quot; on 21 May 2020; Russia&rsquo;s position on the AFRICOM statement was not found in the sources checked.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>LNA air arm; Tripoli and Misrata-aligned air units<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Benghazi, Derna, Tripoli, Misrata, Sirte, the Fezzan<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>UAE, Egypt and Russian contractors (LNA side, per US and HRW statements) and Turkey (Tripoli side)<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Each other<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-21-fishbed\/\">MiG-21<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-23-flogger\/\">MiG-23<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/dassault-mirage-f1\/\">Mirage F1<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-22-fitter\/\">Su-22<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/l-39-albatros\/\">L-39<\/a>, G-2 Galeb, Mi-24\/35, Bayraktar TB2, Wing Loong<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">HRW cites about 900 drone deployments by all parties.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">Wikipedia records manned losses on both sides, among them a Tripoli L-39 (10 April 2019), MiG-21MF (14 April 2019) and Mirage F1 (7 May 2019) and an LNA MiG-23ML (December 2019), and many drones; no reliable totals exist.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Western_Libya_campaign\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Libyan_Civil_War\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/world-report\/2015\/country-chapters\/libya\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Human Rights Watch<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/world-report\/2020\/country-chapters\/libya\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Human Rights Watch<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/world-report\/2021\/country-chapters\/libya\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Human Rights Watch<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/theaviationist.com\/2020\/05\/26\/u-s-africa-command-confirms-russia-deployed-military-fighter-aircraft-to-libya-shares-images\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Aviationist<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/theaviationist.com\/2020\/06\/18\/u-s-africa-command-releases-new-evidence-of-russian-aircraft-active-in-libyan-airspace\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Aviationist<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/theaviationist.com\/2020\/05\/21\/lets-talk-about-the-claim-that-russia-moved-six-mig-29s-and-two-su-24s-escorted-by-ruaf-su-35s-to-libya\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Aviationist<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/STM_Kargu\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/airwars.org\/conflict\/all-belligerents-in-libya\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Airwars<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saqr_Geroushi\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/libyaobserver.ly\/inbrief\/aircraft-carrying-uae-officers-military-equipment-lands-benina-airport-benghazi\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Libya Observer<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd9\" data-x=\"Zawiya and the western coast Tripoli government (GNU) forces No allied air arm Armed drones\">\n<td>Drone strikes around Zawiya<span class=\"cwho\">Tripoli government operation on the west coast<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Tripoli government (GNU) forces<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2023<\/td>\n<td>Armed groups in Zawiya, per the GNU<\/td>\n<td>Armed drones<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd9\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd9\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd9\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Drone strikes on targets the government described as smuggling and trafficking gangs.<\/p>\n<p>In late May 2023 the Government of National Unity began drone strikes in and around Zawiya, west of Tripoli. Its spokesman Mohamed Hammouda said the operation was launched on the direct orders of Prime Minister Abdul Hamid Dbeibah to purge the west coast of trafficking criminals and gangs; targets reported by Libya Review included militia headquarters and fuel smugglers. On 28 May the Presidential Council&rsquo;s deputy head, Abdullah al-Lafi, said that &quot;our Turkish friends have a prominent role&quot; in helping start the operations. The eastern-based House of Representatives condemned the strikes.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> The House of Representatives condemned the strikes.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Casualty figures and the drone type were not confirmed. Turkey&rsquo;s role is as described by the Presidential Council official; no Turkish statement was found.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Tripoli government (GNU) forces<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Zawiya and the western coast<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Armed groups in Zawiya, per the GNU<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Armed drones<\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/libyareview.com\/34838\/libyas-presidential-council-turkey-participated-in-al-zawiya-drone-strike\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Libya Review<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/libyareview.com\/34829\/new-drone-strikes-reported-in-west-libya\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Libya Review<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"warfind\">Nothing matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every figure, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nato.int\/cps\/en\/natohq\/topics_71652.htm\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NATO: NATO and Libya (2011) &ndash; Operation Unified Protector<\/a><span>31 March &ndash; 31 October 2011; over 26,000 sorties, 42 per cent strike sorties, about 6,000 targets; 250-plus aircraft.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/airwars.org\/conflict\/all-belligerents-in-libya\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Airwars: All belligerents in Libya (2012&ndash;present)<\/a><span>551 alleged incidents; 512&ndash;747 civilian deaths assessed fair or confirmed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/airwars.org\/conflict\/all-belligerents-in-libya-2011\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Airwars: All belligerents in Libya, 2011<\/a><span>216 incidents in 2011; 1,166&ndash;2,519 civilian deaths assessed fair or confirmed, all belligerents.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/world-report\/2015\/country-chapters\/libya\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Human Rights Watch: World Report 2015, Libya<\/a><span>Hifter&rsquo;s May 2014 operation; US statement that the UAE and Egypt struck Tripoli on 18 and 23 August 2014.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/world-report\/2020\/country-chapters\/libya\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Human Rights Watch: World Report 2020, Libya<\/a><span>Tajoura strike of July 2019 (at least 44 killed), Murzuq strikes of 4 August 2019, Mitiga strikes, drone supply by the UAE and Turkey.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/world-report\/2021\/country-chapters\/libya\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Human Rights Watch: World Report 2021, Libya<\/a><span>2020: UN civilian casualty count, January 2020 cadet strike, US accusation over Russian jets and Wagner, Geneva ceasefire.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/theaviationist.com\/2011\/02\/22\/mirage-malta\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Aviationist: Two Libyan Mirages defect to Malta (22 February 2011)<\/a><span>Two Mirage F1s, serials 502 and 508, landed in Malta on 21 February 2011; pilots said they had been ordered to bomb protesters.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/theaviationist.com\/2020\/05\/26\/u-s-africa-command-confirms-russia-deployed-military-fighter-aircraft-to-libya-shares-images\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Aviationist: AFRICOM confirms Russia deployed military fighter aircraft to Libya (26 May 2020)<\/a><span>AFRICOM statement and General Stephen Townsend&rsquo;s quote.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/theaviationist.com\/2020\/06\/18\/u-s-africa-command-releases-new-evidence-of-russian-aircraft-active-in-libyan-airspace\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Aviationist: AFRICOM releases new evidence of Russian aircraft active in Libyan airspace (18 June 2020)<\/a><span>At least 14 MiG-29s and several Su-24s at Al Jufra, per AFRICOM.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/theaviationist.com\/2020\/05\/21\/lets-talk-about-the-claim-that-russia-moved-six-mig-29s-and-two-su-24s-escorted-by-ruaf-su-35s-to-libya\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Aviationist: The claim that Russia moved six MiG-29s and two Su-24s to Libya (21 May 2020)<\/a><span>GNA interior minister Fathi Bashagha&rsquo;s claim; LNA air chief Saqr al-Jaroushi&rsquo;s statement of 21 May 2020.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/libyaobserver.ly\/inbrief\/aircraft-carrying-uae-officers-military-equipment-lands-benina-airport-benghazi\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Libya Observer: Aircraft carrying UAE officers, military equipment lands at Benina Airport (13 April 2019)<\/a><span>Two cargo aircraft from Abu Dhabi, per unnamed military sources and flight trackers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/libyareview.com\/34838\/libyas-presidential-council-turkey-participated-in-al-zawiya-drone-strike\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Libya Review: Presidential Council says Turkey participated in Al-Zawiya drone strike (28 May 2023)<\/a><span>Statement by Presidential Council deputy head Abdullah al-Lafi.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/libyareview.com\/34829\/new-drone-strikes-reported-in-west-libya\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Libya Review: New drone strikes reported in west Libya (27 May 2023)<\/a><span>GNU spokesman: strikes ordered by Dbeibah against smugglers and gangs on the west coast.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Figures verified 2026-10-01. <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/libyan-air-force\/\">Back to the Libyan Air Force<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam 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el=document.getElementById(\"cmb-data\");var js=decodeURIComponent(escape(atob(el.getAttribute(\"data-js\"))));var sc=document.createElement(\"script\");sc.text=js;document.body.appendChild(sc);})();<\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Order of Battle &middot; Libyan Air Force Every war the Libyan Air Force has fought The record covers the air force of the monarchy and of Gaddafi and, since 2014, both rival air arms. Loss claims are given with the side that makes them: Egypt&rsquo;s for 1977 and Chad&rsquo;s for Ouadi Doum and Maaten al-Sarra are not independently confirmed, the account of who fired first over the Gulf of Sidra in 1981 is the US one, and the two sides&rsquo; accounts of the 1989 clash off Tobruk differ. In the war of 2014&ndash;2020 most strike and loss claims come from the side that made them, and the death toll of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":29115,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-29117","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Libyan Air Force combat record | MiGFlug<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/ja\/\u7a7a\u8ecd\/\u30ea\u30d3\u30a2\u7a7a\u8ecd\/\u6226\u95d8\u8a18\u9332\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ja_JP\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Libyan Air Force combat record | MiGFlug\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Order of Battle &middot; Libyan Air Force Every war the Libyan Air Force has fought The record covers the air force of the monarchy and of Gaddafi and, since 2014, both rival air arms. Loss claims are given with the side that makes them: Egypt&rsquo;s for 1977 and Chad&rsquo;s for Ouadi Doum and Maaten al-Sarra are not independently confirmed, the account of who fired first over the Gulf of Sidra in 1981 is the US one, and the two sides&rsquo; accounts of the 1989 clash off Tobruk differ. 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Loss claims are given with the side that makes them: Egypt&rsquo;s for 1977 and Chad&rsquo;s for Ouadi Doum and Maaten al-Sarra are not independently confirmed, the account of who fired first over the Gulf of Sidra in 1981 is the US one, and the two sides&rsquo; accounts of the 1989 clash off Tobruk differ. 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