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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero\">\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/brazilian-air-force\/\">Brazilian Air Force<\/a><\/div>\n<h1>Every war and armed operation of Brazilian military aviation<\/h1>\n<p class=\"sub\">Brazilian military flying began before the air force did, in the Contestado War and the Constitutionalist Revolution of 1932, whose loss and victory claims come from a single modern account cited by Wikipedia. The Araguaia campaigns of 1972&ndash;1974 are given as the court and commission findings record them: in 2010 the Inter-American Court of Human Rights found that Brazil had violated the American Convention, and the air force&rsquo;s own role was not confirmed. Guerrilla casualties in Operation Tra&#237;ra are Brazilian figures. Where a consolidated sortie or loss figure exists in the official record it is given here; where accounts disagree, the range is shown and the disagreement named. Blank cells are blank because no figure could be verified, not because the fighting was small.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"combat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">From the Contestado War in 1915 to the Amazon border interdiction that continues today.<\/p>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"warfind\" data-filter=\"#combattbl\" data-item=\"tbody tr.crow\" data-noun=\"conflicts\" placeholder=\"Search conflicts, countries, aircraft, years\" aria-label=\"Search conflicts, countries, aircraft, years\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"warfind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"warfind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt cbt\" id=\"combattbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Conflict<\/th>\n<th>Years<\/th>\n<th>Against<\/th>\n<th>Main aircraft<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Sorties<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Aircraft lost<\/th>\n<th><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd0\" data-x=\"Paran&#225; and Santa Catarina Brazilian Army aviation No allied air arm Three monoplanes\">\n<td>The Contestado War<span class=\"cwho\">the first military flying in Brazil<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Brazilian Army aviation<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1914&ndash;1915<\/td>\n<td>Contestado rebels<\/td>\n<td>Three monoplanes<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd0\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd0\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Flew reconnaissance for the army against the rebels of the Contestado.<\/p>\n<p>The Contestado was a rebellion of settlers in the disputed border region between Paran&#225; and Santa Catarina. General Setembrino de Carvalho called on Lieutenant Ricardo Kirk, who had earned his brevet at &#201;tampes in 1912, to support the land campaign from the air. Kirk and the Italian civilian pilot Ernesto Darioli flew reconnaissance from Uni&#227;o da Vit&#243;ria with three monoplanes from the remnants of an aviation school and the Aeroclube Brasileiro. On 1 March 1915 Kirk crashed near General Carneiro; Portuguese Wikipedia calls it the first fatal accident of a Brazilian aviator. He is now the patron of Brazilian Army Aviation.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> The air detachment did not continue after Kirk&rsquo;s death; the war ended in 1916.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Aircraft types and the number of sorties were not confirmed.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Brazilian Army aviation<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Paran&#225; and Santa Catarina<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Contestado rebels<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Three monoplanes<\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>1 aircraft &middot; 1 killed<span class=\"cwho\">Lieutenant Ricardo Kirk was killed in a crash on 1 March 1915, attributed to mechanical failure and poor visibility.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ricardo_Kirk\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikip&#233;dia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Contestado_War\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd1\" data-x=\"S&#227;o Paulo state Army and Naval aviation (federal government) No allied air arm Waco CSO Potez 25 TOE Savoia-Marchetti S.55 Martin PM-1 Vought O2U Corsair\">\n<td>The Constitutionalist Revolution<span class=\"cwho\">the Paulista War<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Army and Naval aviation (federal government)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1932<\/td>\n<td>S&#227;o Paulo state forces<\/td>\n<td>Waco CSO, Potez 25 TOE, Savoia-Marchetti S.55<span class=\"cwho\">and 2 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd1\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd1\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Federal army and naval aviation flew reconnaissance and bombing against the forces of S&#227;o Paulo.<\/p>\n<p>The revolt of S&#227;o Paulo against Get&#250;lio Vargas&rsquo;s provisional government ran from 9 July to 2 October 1932. The federal side had about 58 aircraft &mdash; Waco CSOs, Potez 25s, Savoia-Marchetti S.55 flying boats, Martin PM-1s and Corsairs among them &mdash; against nine or ten Paulista machines, including four Curtiss Falcons. A Paulista Potez 25, A-212, is credited by the same account with the first aerial victory in the Americas before the Chaco War. The campaign showed the government both the value and the weakness of two separate air arms, part of the case for the single service of 1941.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> S&#227;o Paulo surrendered on 2 October 1932.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Loss and victory claims come from a single modern account cited by Wikipedia.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Army and Naval aviation (federal government)<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>S&#227;o Paulo state<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>S&#227;o Paulo state forces<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Waco CSO, Potez 25 TOE, Savoia-Marchetti S.55, Martin PM-1, Vought O2U Corsair<\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">Per Garc&#237;a de Gabiola (2021), cited by Wikipedia: two federal Potez (both repaired), four Wacos, a Martin and a Corsair destroyed, several by accident; three Paulista aircraft destroyed.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constitutionalist_Revolution\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd2\" data-x=\"Brazilian coast and South Atlantic Brazilian Air Force Alongside United States PBY Catalina Lockheed Hudson\">\n<td>The anti-submarine war in the South Atlantic<span class=\"cwho\">the sinking of U-199<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Brazilian Air Force<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1942&ndash;1945<\/td>\n<td>Germany and Italy<\/td>\n<td>PBY Catalina, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/lockheed-hudson\/\">Lockheed Hudson<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd2\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd2\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd2\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Patrolled the coast and escorted convoys against German and Italian submarines alongside the US Navy.<\/p>\n<p>Brazil declared war on Germany and Italy on 22 August 1942 after submarine attacks on its shipping. On 31 July 1943 three aircraft found U-199 on the surface east of Rio de Janeiro: a US Navy PBM Mariner of VP-74, a Brazilian Hudson and a Brazilian Catalina named Arar&#225;, flown by Second Lieutenant Alberto M. Torres. Arar&#225;&rsquo;s depth charges sank the boat. Uboat.net gives 49 dead and 12 survivors, including the commander, Hans-Werner Kraus; the Catalina crew threw a dinghy to the men in the water and they were picked up by USS Barnegat. Torres later flew P-47s in Italy with the 1st Fighter Group.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> U-199 was sunk on 31 July 1943, with 49 dead and 12 survivors.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Credit for the sinking is shared between the US and Brazilian aircraft in uboat.net; Wikipedia attributes the fatal depth charges to the Catalina.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Brazilian Air Force<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Brazilian coast and South Atlantic<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>United States<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Germany and Italy<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>PBY Catalina, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/lockheed-hudson\/\">Lockheed Hudson<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">No consolidated figure found.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_submarine_U-199\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/uboat.net\/boats\/u199.htm\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">uboat.net<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/For%C3%A7a_A%C3%A9rea_Brasileira\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikip&#233;dia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd3\" data-x=\"Northern Italy 1st Fighter Group (1&#186; Grupo de Avia&#231;&#227;o de Ca&#231;a) Alongside United States and United Kingdom P-47D Thunderbolt Piper L-4\">\n<td>The Italian campaign<span class=\"cwho\">the 1st Fighter Group, Senta a P&#250;a!<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">1st Fighter Group (1&#186; Grupo de Avia&#231;&#227;o de Ca&#231;a)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1944&ndash;1945<\/td>\n<td>Germany and Italian Social Republic<\/td>\n<td>P-47D Thunderbolt, Piper L-4<\/td>\n<td>2,550<\/td>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd3\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd3\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd3\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Flew fighter-bomber missions with the US 350th Fighter Group against bridges, rail, vehicles and artillery, and supported the Brazilian Expeditionary Force.<\/p>\n<p>The 1st Fighter Group was formed on 18 December 1943 under Major Nero Moura with about 350 men and 43 pilots. It trained on P-40s in Florida, flew air defence in Panama and converted to the P-47 at Suffolk County, New York, before landing at Livorno on 6 October 1944. Attached to the US 350th Fighter Group, it began operations from Tarquinia in November and fought through the winter and the spring offensive in the Po valley. On 22 April 1945 it flew 11 missions and 44 sorties, the date now kept as Fighter Aviation Day. Wikipedia&rsquo;s tally, drawn from FAB sources, credits it with 1,304 motor vehicles and 13 locomotives destroyed among other targets. Its cry &ldquo;Senta a P&#250;a!&rdquo;, brought in by Lieutenant Rui Moreira Lima from the pilots at Salvador, is still the motto of the Jambock squadron at Santa Cruz.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Operations ended on 6 May 1945; the group received the US Presidential Unit Citation in 1986.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Target-destruction totals are the unit&rsquo;s own claims as reported by Wikipedia; numbers of pilots taken prisoner were not confirmed.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>1st Fighter Group (1&#186; Grupo de Avia&#231;&#227;o de Ca&#231;a)<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Northern Italy<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>United States and United Kingdom<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Germany and Italian Social Republic<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>P-47D Thunderbolt, Piper L-4<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd>2,550<span class=\"cwho\">445 missions: 2,546 offensive and 4 defensive sorties.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>16 aircraft &middot; 8 killed<span class=\"cwho\">16 P-47s shot down; 5 pilots killed in combat and 3 in accidents; several pilots became prisoners of war (Wikipedia).<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1st_Brazilian_Fighter_Squadron\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brazilian_Air_Force\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd4\" data-x=\"Par&#225; (Jacareacanga, Santar&#233;m) Rebel Brazilian Air Force officers No allied air arm AT-11 (seized)\">\n<td>The Jacareacanga revolt<span class=\"cwho\">an air force mutiny against Kubitschek<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Rebel Brazilian Air Force officers<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1956<\/td>\n<td>Brazilian federal government<\/td>\n<td>AT-11 (seized)<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd4\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd4\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd4\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Air force officers seized aircraft and airfields in the Amazon against the new president, Juscelino Kubitschek.<\/p>\n<p>On 10 February 1956 Major Haroldo Veloso and Captain Jos&#233; Chaves Lameir&#227;o took an aircraft from Rio de Janeiro and seized the airfield at Jacareacanga in Par&#225;, then Santar&#233;m and smaller towns. They opposed Kubitschek, whom they saw as Get&#250;lio Vargas&rsquo;s heir, after the crisis of November 1955. Portuguese Wikipedia, citing CPDOC\/FGV, says the government had difficulty containing the revolt because the air force was reluctant to act against its own officers. It ended on 29 February 1956.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> The revolt ended after 19 days in a government victory; Major Veloso was imprisoned and some rebels fled abroad.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">A second air force revolt at Aragar&#231;as in 1959 was not covered by the sources checked and is not included.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Rebel Brazilian Air Force officers<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Par&#225; (Jacareacanga, Santar&#233;m)<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Brazilian federal government<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>AT-11 (seized)<\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\"><\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Revolta_de_Jacareacanga\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikip&#233;dia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd5\" data-x=\"North-east Brazilian coast, Fernando de Noronha Brazilian Air Force No allied air arm B-17 P-2 Neptune S-2 Tracker\">\n<td>The Lobster War<span class=\"cwho\">the fishing dispute with France<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Brazilian Air Force<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1961&ndash;1963<\/td>\n<td>France (no fighting)<\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/b-17-flying-fortress\/\">B-17<\/a>, P-2 Neptune, S-2 Tracker<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd5\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd5\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd5\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Maritime patrol aircraft tracked French fishing boats and the warships sent to protect them.<\/p>\n<p>The dispute was over whether lobsters on the Brazilian continental shelf were a sedentary resource of the shelf or a free-swimming fishery open to French boats. In February 1963 France sent the destroyer Tartu. A FAB P-2 Neptune made radar contact on 26 February and a B-17 photographed the ship the next day; from then on Brazilian aircraft visited it day and night, and Wikipedia recounts a low pass in which two aircraft approached with all lights off and switched them on over the destroyer. Brazil had a B-17 squadron of five, a Neptune squadron of 12 and four S-2 Trackers available. Diplomacy, not force, ended the stand-off.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> France withdrew its ships by 10 March 1963; an agreement was signed on 10 December 1964.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">The aircraft numbers are Wikipedia&rsquo;s, citing Poggio (2016) and Neto (2021).<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Brazilian Air Force<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>North-east Brazilian coast, Fernando de Noronha<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>France (no fighting)<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/b-17-flying-fortress\/\">B-17<\/a>, P-2 Neptune, S-2 Tracker<\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>0 aircraft &middot; 0 killed<span class=\"cwho\">No shots were fired.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lobster_War\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd6\" data-x=\"Araguaia river basin (Par&#225;, Goi&#225;s, Maranh&#227;o) Brazilian Air Force, with the Army and Navy No allied air arm Not confirmed\">\n<td>The Araguaia guerrilla campaigns<span class=\"cwho\">counter-insurgency under the military government<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Brazilian Air Force, with the Army and Navy<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1972&ndash;1974<\/td>\n<td>PCdoB guerrillas<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd6\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd6\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd6\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Supported Army counter-insurgency operations against guerrillas of the Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB).<\/p>\n<p>The campaigns took place under the military governments that ruled Brazil from 1964 to 1985. Wikipedia describes three phases: Operation Parrot (April&ndash;October 1972), when, according to a National Truth Commission report it cites, three areas were bombed with napalm; Operation Anaconda (1973), based on intelligence work; and Operation Marajoara (October 1973 &ndash; October 1974), in which about 400 counter-insurgency specialists were deployed. Wikipedia lists the Army, Navy and Air Force on the government side but does not say which service dropped the napalm. The fate of the disappeared remains the subject of court and commission findings rather than settled history.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> The guerrilla was destroyed by 1974. On 14 December 2010 the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (Gomes Lund v. Brazil) found that Brazil had violated the American Convention by using its amnesty law to avoid punishing violations.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">The specific air force role, aircraft and sorties were not confirmed; English Wikipedia separately lists T-6 and B-26 counter-guerrilla operations in 1970&ndash;1974 without detail.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Brazilian Air Force, with the Army and Navy<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Araguaia river basin (Par&#225;, Goi&#225;s, Maranh&#227;o)<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>PCdoB guerrillas<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">Wikipedia gives more than 90 guerrillas dead or missing, about 60 of them still listed as disappeared; air force losses were not confirmed.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Araguaia_Guerrilla_War\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brazilian_Air_Force\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd7\" data-x=\"Tra&#237;ra river, Amazonas, Brazil&ndash;Colombia border Brazilian Air Force, with the Army and Navy Alongside Colombia (consent and coordination) AT-27 Tucano H-1H C-130 Hercules C-115 Buffalo\">\n<td>Operation Tra&#237;ra<span class=\"cwho\">the FARC raid on the Tra&#237;ra river<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Brazilian Air Force, with the Army and Navy<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1991<\/td>\n<td>FARC<\/td>\n<td>AT-27 Tucano, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\">H-1H<\/a>, C-130 Hercules<span class=\"cwho\">and 1 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd7\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd7\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd7\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Flew troops, attack and logistics for the Army&rsquo;s response to a FARC attack on a border detachment.<\/p>\n<p>On 26 February 1991 about 40 FARC guerrillas calling themselves the Comando Sim&#243;n Bol&#237;var crossed into Brazil and attacked a 17-man Army detachment on the Tra&#237;ra river, killing three soldiers, wounding nine and taking weapons. President Fernando Collor authorised a response with the knowledge of Colombia&rsquo;s President C&#233;sar Gaviria; the two governments met at Leticia on 9 March. The air force sent six H-1H troop-carrying helicopters, six AT-27 Tucano attack aircraft and C-130 and C-115 transports.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Portuguese Wikipedia, citing Pinheiro and Mendel (US Foreign Military Studies Office, 1995), reports 12 guerrillas killed and most stolen weapons recovered.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Guerrilla casualty figures are Brazilian-sourced and were not independently confirmed; the FARC&rsquo;s position was not found.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Brazilian Air Force, with the Army and Navy<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Tra&#237;ra river, Amazonas, Brazil&ndash;Colombia border<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>Colombia (consent and coordination)<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>FARC<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>AT-27 Tucano, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\">H-1H<\/a>, C-130 Hercules, C-115 Buffalo<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">Six AT-27 Tucanos and six H-1H helicopters deployed.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">Three Brazilian soldiers were killed and nine wounded in the initial FARC attack on 26 February 1991; no air force losses were reported in the source checked.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Opera%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Tra%C3%ADra\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikip&#233;dia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brazilian_Air_Force\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd8\" data-x=\"Amazon and western borders Brazilian Air Force No allied air arm A-29 Super Tucano A-1 AMX E-99 R-99 AH-2 Sabre\">\n<td>Amazon border interdiction and the shoot-down law<span class=\"cwho\">Operation &#193;gata and air policing of unregistered flights<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Brazilian Air Force<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2002&ndash;<\/td>\n<td>Drug-trafficking and illegal-mining flights<\/td>\n<td>A-29 Super Tucano, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/amx-international\/\">A-1 AMX<\/a>, E-99<span class=\"cwho\">and 2 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd8\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd8\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd8\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Intercepts unregistered aircraft, mostly suspected drug flights, and attacks clandestine airstrips in joint operations.<\/p>\n<p>Decree 5,144 regulates article 303 of the Aeronautical Code in four steps: averigua&#231;&#227;o (identification by approach and radio or visual signals), interven&#231;&#227;o (an order to change course and land), persuas&#227;o (warning shots with tracer) and destrui&#231;&#227;o, applied only when the others fail. English Wikipedia records six AMX jets destroying clandestine airstrips in October 2002, A-29s firing warning shots at a drug-trafficking Cessna on 3 June 2009, and two A-29s destroying a clandestine runway in Operation &#193;gata 4 on 12 March 2012; the &#193;gata series of joint border operations began in August 2011. The AH-2 Sabre was bought in part to complement the Super Tucano in interceptions of slow aircraft.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Continuing. Decree 5,144 of 16 July 2004 allows destruction of an aircraft classified as hostile, as a last resort, on the Air Force Commander&rsquo;s authority.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Whether any aircraft has actually been shot down under the decree was not confirmed in the sources checked; only warning shots are documented here.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Brazilian Air Force<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Amazon and western borders<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Drug-trafficking and illegal-mining flights<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>A-29 Super Tucano, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/amx-international\/\">A-1 AMX<\/a>, E-99, R-99, AH-2 Sabre<\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">At least four Super Tucanos lost in service overall (Wikipedia); losses in interdiction were not broken out.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/www.planalto.gov.br\/ccivil_03\/_ato2004-2006\/2004\/decreto\/d5144.htm\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Planalto<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brazilian_Air_Force\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Embraer_EMB_314_Super_Tucano\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aereo.jor.br\/2022\/02\/10\/forca-aerea-brasileira-vai-desativar-os-helicopteros-de-ataque-mi-35m-ah-2\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Poder A&#233;reo<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"warfind\">Nothing matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every figure, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aereo.jor.br\/2022\/02\/10\/forca-aerea-brasileira-vai-desativar-os-helicopteros-de-ataque-mi-35m-ah-2\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Poder A&#233;reo: For&#231;a A&#233;rea Brasileira vai desativar os helic&#243;pteros de ataque Mi-35M (AH-2) (10 February 2022)<\/a><span>12 AH-2 in four batches; a circulated (unpublished) plan put retirement between 1 March and 31 December 2022; Esquadr&#227;o Poti (2&#186;\/8&#186; GAV) at Porto Velho to switch to the H-60.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/uboat.net\/boats\/u199.htm\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">uboat.net: U-199<\/a><span>Sunk 31 July 1943 at 23.54S, 42.54W by a US Mariner (VP-74) and Brazilian Catalina and Hudson; 49 dead and 12 survivors.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.planalto.gov.br\/ccivil_03\/_ato2004-2006\/2004\/decreto\/d5144.htm\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Planalto: Decreto n&#186; 5.144, de 16 de julho de 2004<\/a><span>Regulates article 303 of the Aeronautical Code: averigua&#231;&#227;o, interven&#231;&#227;o, persuas&#227;o (warning shots), destrui&#231;&#227;o; destruction authorised by the Air Force Commander (art. 10).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Figures verified 2026-10-01. <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/brazilian-air-force\/\">Back to the Brazilian Air Force<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .nflag{background-image:url(https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/aircraft-manufacturer-country-flags-v4.png)!important}#mfam .nf0{background-position:-2px -2px}#mfam .nf1{background-position:-24px -2px}#mfam .nf2{background-position:-46px -2px}#mfam .nf3{background-position:-68px -2px}#mfam .nf4{background-position:-90px -2px}#mfam .nf5{background-position:-112px -2px}#mfam .nf6{background-position:-134px -2px}#mfam .nf7{background-position:-156px -2px}#mfam .nf8{background-position:-178px -2px}#mfam .nf9{background-position:-200px -2px}#mfam .nf10{background-position:-222px -2px}<\/style>\n<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com\/ajax\/libs\/maplibre-gl\/4.7.1\/maplibre-gl.css\"><script src=\"https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com\/ajax\/libs\/maplibre-gl\/4.7.1\/maplibre-gl.js\"><\/script><div id=\"cmb-data\" 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The Araguaia campaigns of 1972&ndash;1974 are given as the court and commission findings record them: in 2010 the Inter-American Court of Human Rights found that Brazil had violated the American Convention, and the air force&rsquo;s own role was not confirmed. Guerrilla casualties in Operation Tra&#237;ra are Brazilian figures. Where a consolidated sortie or loss figure exists in the official record it [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":29339,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-29341","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Brazilian Air Force combat record | MiGFlug<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/ja\/\u7a7a\u8ecd\/\u30d6\u30e9\u30b8\u30eb\u7a7a\u8ecd\/\u6226\u95d8\u8a18\u9332\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ja_JP\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Brazilian Air Force combat record | MiGFlug\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Order of Battle &middot; Brazilian Air Force Every war and armed operation of Brazilian military aviation Brazilian military flying began before the air force did, in the Contestado War and the Constitutionalist Revolution of 1932, whose loss and victory claims come from a single modern account cited by Wikipedia. The Araguaia campaigns of 1972&ndash;1974 are given as the court and commission findings record them: in 2010 the Inter-American Court of Human Rights found that Brazil had violated the American Convention, and the air force&rsquo;s own role was not confirmed. Guerrilla casualties in Operation Tra&#237;ra are Brazilian figures. 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