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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero photo\">\n<div class=\"heroimg ph1\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; Panama<\/div>\n<h1>National Aeronaval Service<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">Servicio Nacional Aeronaval (SENAN)<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">The National Aeronaval Service (SENAN), created on 20 August 2008 by merging Panama&rsquo;s air and maritime services, is a police-type force under the Ministry of Public Security rather than an air force &mdash; Panama has had no army since the US invasion of 1989 and a constitutional ban since 1994 &mdash; and it flies a mostly US-supplied fleet of helicopters, transports and patrol aircraft against drug trafficking and over the Dari&#233;n.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>0<\/b><span>Combat aircraft<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1<\/b><span>Active air bases<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>2008<\/b><span>Founded<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1<\/b><span>Types retired<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"photocred\">Photo: Aeroprints.com \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0)<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Country<\/b>Panama<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Founded<\/b>2008<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Status<\/b>Active<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Headquarters<\/b>Comando General Aeronaval, Cocol&#237;, Arraij&#225;n; air command at Base A&#233;rea Teniente Octavio Rodr&#237;guez Garrido, Panam&#225; Pac&#237;fico<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Commander<\/b>Luis Antonio De Gracia<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>The National Aeronaval Service story: Torrijos&rsquo;s air force, the 1989 invasion and a police service in the air<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1969&ndash;1989: Torrijos&rsquo;s air force and the Defence Forces<\/h3>\n<p>Panama&rsquo;s military aviation began under General Omar Torrijos. According to the Spanish-language Wikipedia account, he created a coastguard service, Operaciones Marinas, in 1968 as a department of the National Guard, and on 17 January 1969 the Panamanian Air Force (Fuerza A&#233;rea Paname&#241;a) at Tocumen International Airport under Captain Alberto Purcell. Law 20 of 29 September 1983 brought the National Guard&rsquo;s air and naval arms together in the Panama Defence Forces (Fuerzas de Defensa de Panam&#225;), the institution that General Manuel Noriega came to dominate. The aircraft it flew in those years, and their numbers, are not documented in the sources reached for this page, and they are left out rather than guessed. What matters for SENAN is the lineage: its air arm descends from a military air force that ceased to exist in 1990.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">December 1989: the invasion and the end of the Defence Forces<\/h3>\n<p>On 20 December 1989 the United States invaded Panama, in what it called Operation Just Cause, with 27,684 troops and more than 300 aircraft; fighting lasted until 31 January 1990. The figures for the dead depend on who counts. The US military gave 23 American service members killed and 325 wounded, and US Southern Command estimated 314 Panama Defence Forces soldiers killed. The Pentagon put civilian deaths at 202; an internal US Army memo estimated 1,000, the United Nations 500, Americas Watch 300, the Roman Catholic Church 673 and the former US Attorney General Ramsey Clark 3,000, while President Guillermo Endara said fewer than 600 Panamanians died in all. On 10 February 1990 Endara&rsquo;s government abolished the Defence Forces, and in October 1994 a constitutional amendment prohibited a standing army.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1990&ndash;2008: a National Air Service, then SENAN<\/h3>\n<p>Cabinet Decree 38 of 10 February 1990 replaced the Defence Forces with the Panamanian Public Forces, a civilian security apparatus that included a National Air Service (Servicio A&#233;reo Nacional) and a National Maritime Service, each with its own chain of command. Decree-Law 7 of 20 August 2008 merged the two into the Servicio Nacional Aeronaval, SENAN. It is a police-type service, not a military one: it belongs to the Public Forces, answers since 2010 to the Ministry of Public Security, uses police ranks, and describes its task as the protection, surveillance, security and defence of Panama&rsquo;s air and maritime jurisdiction. English Wikipedia gives the founding as 8 August 2008 and another article November 2008; SENAN itself marked its 17th anniversary on 20 August 2025, the date used here.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Helicopters from Washington, and losses at home<\/h3>\n<p>SENAN&rsquo;s air command has always relied on the United States. Six single-engine UH-1 helicopters donated in 2019 were replaced on 31 May 2024 by eight twin-engine UH-1STs, handed over at the Teniente Octavio Rodr&#237;guez Garrido air base at Panam&#225; Pac&#237;fico, the former US Howard Air Force Base, under the State Department&rsquo;s INL-SENAN aviation programme. US Southern Command donated a King Air in October 2022, and in September 2026 SENAN took on four US-donated K1000 drones. The cost of flying in Panama&rsquo;s mountains and jungle has been high: on 10 September 2023 helicopter AN-141 crashed near Coclesito, Cocl&#233;, killing Captain Javier Hinestroza, Major F&#233;lix Barrera and Petty Officer First Class H&#233;ctor Atencio; recovering the last body took about 94 hours.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">2024&ndash;2026: Super Tucanos without a war, and the Dari&#233;n<\/h3>\n<p>In March 2025 SENAN confirmed it was procuring four Embraer A-29 Super Tucanos and two Airbus C-295s, and felt obliged to state that &lsquo;there is no warlike or combat objective&rsquo;: the Super Tucanos were for air patrol and the C-295s for cargo, rescue and humanitarian work. Whether contracts were signed and when deliveries begin was not published by October 2026. The work is real enough without them. The Security Minister, Frank Abrego, said in October 2024 that SENAN&rsquo;s helicopters fly daily against organised crime, on medical evacuations from remote areas and on tasks linked to irregular migration through the Dari&#233;n, and SENAN reported seizing 40,029 packages of drugs in the second half of 2024. SENAN has no combat aircraft and no combat record of its own.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"pull\">On 20 December 1989 the United States invaded Panama, in what it called Operation Just Cause, with 27,684 troops and more than 300 aircraft; fighting lasted until 31 January 1990. The figures for the dead depend on who counts.<cite>National Aeronaval Service &middot; verified 2026-10-01<\/cite><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>The National Aeronaval Service in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Service<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Official name<\/dt>\n<dd>Servicio Nacional Aeronaval (SENAN)<span class=\"gnote\">As on aeronaval.gob.pa; English name National Aeronaval Service, the current English Wikipedia title. Spanish is Panama&rsquo;s official language<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Founded<\/dt>\n<dd>20 August 2008<span class=\"gnote\">Decree-Law 7 of 20 August 2008 merged the National Air Service and the National Maritime Service; English Wikipedia gives 8 August 2008, and the Panamanian Public Forces article November 2008. SENAN marked its 17th anniversary on 20 August 2025<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Nature<\/dt>\n<dd>Police-type service, not armed forces<span class=\"gnote\">Part of the Panamanian Public Forces under the Ministry of Public Security; Panama has had no army since 1990 and a constitutional ban since 1994<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Part of<\/dt>\n<dd>Ministry of Public Security<span class=\"gnote\">Ministry created by Law 15 of 14 April 2010; SENAN reorganised by Law 93 of 7 November 2013<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Director General<\/dt>\n<dd>Luis Antonio De Gracia<span class=\"gnote\">Named in December 2024; predecessor Eli&#233;cer C&#225;rdenas Quintero (from June 2023)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Personnel<\/dt>\n<dd>2,500&ndash;3,900<span class=\"gnote\">Spanish Wikipedia, citing Di&#225;logo (August 2023), gives about 2,500; English Wikipedia about 3,700 sworn officers and 200 administrative staff. No official figure was reached<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Dari&#233;n role<\/dt>\n<dd>Migration, evacuation, counter-crime flights<span class=\"gnote\">The Security Minister said in October 2024 that SENAN helicopters fly daily against organised crime, on medical evacuations and on irregular migration through the Dari&#233;n<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Strength<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Combat aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>None<span class=\"gnote\">Four A-29 Super Tucanos were being procured in 2025 for air patrol; SENAN says they have no combat purpose<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Helicopters<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Bell UH-1ST &mdash; 8<\/li>\n<li>AgustaWestland AW139 &mdash; 8<\/li>\n<li>Bell 212 &mdash; 2<\/li>\n<li>Bell 407 &mdash; 2<\/li>\n<li>Bell 412 &mdash; 1<\/li>\n<li>MD 500 &mdash; 1<\/li>\n<li>AgustaWestland AW109 &mdash; 1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">UH-1ST count from the Ministry of Public Security (May 2024); all others from English Wikipedia, which gives six UH-1s; serviceability not published<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Fixed-wing aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Beechcraft King Air &mdash; 3<\/li>\n<li>CASA C-212 Aviocar &mdash; 3<\/li>\n<li>DHC-6 Twin Otter &mdash; 2<\/li>\n<li>Cessna 208 Caravan &mdash; 2<\/li>\n<li>Piper PA-34 Seneca &mdash; 2<\/li>\n<li>Cessna 152 &mdash; 2<\/li>\n<li>Cessna 172 &mdash; 1<\/li>\n<li>Cessna 210 &mdash; 1<\/li>\n<li>Piper PA-31 Navajo &mdash; 1<\/li>\n<li>Embraer ERJ-135BJ Legacy &mdash; 1<\/li>\n<li>ENAER T-35 Pill&#225;n &mdash; 4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">English Wikipedia table; Spanish Wikipedia gave about 40 aircraft in all in August 2023<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Drones<\/dt>\n<dd>K1000 &mdash; 4<span class=\"gnote\">US-donated, incorporated September 2026; nine operators certified<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>On order<\/dt>\n<dd>4 A-29 Super Tucano, 2 C-295<span class=\"gnote\">Procurement under way in March 2025; financing still being defined; no delivery date published<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Latest fatal accident<\/dt>\n<dd>Helicopter AN-141, 10 September 2023<span class=\"gnote\">Crashed near Coclesito, Cocl&#233;; three crew killed<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Infrastructure<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Air base<\/dt>\n<dd>Base A&#233;rea Teniente Octavio Rodr&#237;guez Garrido, Panam&#225; Pac&#237;fico<span class=\"gnote\">On the former US Howard Air Force Base, handed to Panama on 1 November 1999; the main air command base, which replaced the original facility at Tocumen<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Other bases<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Comando General Aeronaval, Cocol&#237;<\/li>\n<li>Base Naval Capit&#225;n de Fragata Noel Antonio Rodr&#237;guez Justavino<\/li>\n<li>Base Aeronaval Almirante Crist&#243;bal Col&#243;n<\/li>\n<li>Estaci&#243;n Aeronaval de Quebrada de Piedra<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Named on SENAN&rsquo;s website and Spanish Wikipedia; mostly naval<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Jet bases<\/dt>\n<dd>None<span class=\"gnote\">SENAN&rsquo;s only jet is an executive Embraer ERJ-135BJ<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"structure\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Structure<\/div>\n<h2>How the National Aeronaval Service is organised<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">A police-type service of the Panamanian Public Forces under the Ministry of Public Security, not an armed force, led by a Director General from the Comando General Aeronaval at Cocol&#237;, with its air command at Panam&#225; Pac&#237;fico. <span class=\"imp\">Panama has had no army since the Defence Forces were abolished on 10 February 1990, after the US invasion, and a constitutional amendment of 1994 prohibits one; SENAN, formed on 20 August 2008 from the National Air Service and the National Maritime Service, has no combat aircraft.<\/span> Four A-29 Super Tucanos and two C-295s were being procured in March 2025 for air patrol and transport, and SENAN said there was &lsquo;no warlike or combat objective&rsquo;.<\/p>\n<div class=\"org\">\n<div class=\"cmdcard\"><span class=\"cface mono\">LA<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"cmdtx\"><span class=\"crank\">Commander<\/span><b>Luis Antonio De Gracia<\/b><span class=\"cmeta\">Director General, National Aeronaval Service &middot; in office since 2024<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"cmdorg\"><span>National Aeronaval Service<\/span><em>Servicio Nacional Aeronaval<\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgrow\">\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Headquarters<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>National Aeronaval Service<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">Servicio Nacional Aeronaval<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Cocol&#237; (Arraij&#225;n)<\/div>\n<p>A police-type service of the Panamanian Public Forces under the Ministry of Public Security, not an armed force, using police ranks; it was formed on 20 August 2008 from the National Air Service and the National Maritime Service. A Ministry of Public Security report of December 2024 names Luis Antonio De Gracia as Director General; his rank and the date of his appointment are not stated. The Comando General Aeronaval is at Cocol&#237;.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Air command<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>SENAN Air Command<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">Comando A&#233;reo<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Panam&#225; Pac&#237;fico<\/div>\n<p>Eight twin-engine UH-1ST helicopters donated by the United States were handed over at the Teniente Octavio Rodr&#237;guez Garrido air base on 31 May 2024, replacing six single-engine UH-1s of 2019, for counter-narcotics, migration control, border security, rescue and aeromedical evacuation. Spanish Wikipedia describes the base as the air command&rsquo;s headquarters, replacing the original facility at Tocumen.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Helicopters<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Other helicopters<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<p>According to English Wikipedia, eight AW139s, two Bell 212s, two Bell 407s, a Bell 412, an MD 500 and an AW109; serviceability and basing are not published. The Security Minister said in October 2024 that SENAN&rsquo;s helicopters fly daily against organised crime, on medical evacuations and on tasks linked to irregular migration through the Dari&#233;n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Fixed-wing<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Patrol, transport and training aircraft<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<p>According to English Wikipedia, three King Airs, three CASA C-212s, two Twin Otters, two Cessna 208 Caravans, an Embraer ERJ-135BJ Legacy, light Pipers and Cessnas and four T-35 Pill&#225;n trainers; four US-donated K1000 drones entered service in September 2026. SENAN has no combat aircraft; four A-29 Super Tucanos and two C-295s were being procured in March 2025, and no contract or delivery had been published by October 2026.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"fleet\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">In service<\/div>\n<h2>What the National Aeronaval Service flies today<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every type on charge, linked to its Book of Beasts page where one exists. <span class=\"imp\">Counts are aircraft on the books, not aircraft available on a given day.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-role\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-yr\">\n<col class=\"c-units\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">In service<\/th>\n<th>Since<\/th>\n<th>Units<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\">Bell UH-1ST (twin-engine UH-1 conversion)<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>2024<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Eight donated by the United States on 31 May 2024 (English Wikipedia lists six UH-1s).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>AgustaWestland AW139<span class=\"nflag nf10\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Italy\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility, search and rescue<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Eight per English Wikipedia; not confirmed by an official source.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph2\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bell 212<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Per English Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph3\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bell 407<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light helicopter<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Per English Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph4\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bell 412<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Per English Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph5\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>McDonnell Douglas MD 500<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light helicopter<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Per English Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>AgustaWestland AW109<span class=\"nflag nf10\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Italy\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light twin helicopter<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Per English Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph6\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Beechcraft King Air<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Maritime patrol and transport<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Three per English Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>CASA C-212 Aviocar<span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Tactical transport<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Per English Wikipedia; also listed by Spanish Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph7\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter<span class=\"nflag nf1\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Canada\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility transport<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Per English Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Cessna 208 Caravan<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility transport<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Per English Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph8\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Piper PA-34 Seneca<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Liaison<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Per English Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph9\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Piper PA-31 Navajo<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Liaison<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Per English Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph10\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Embraer ERJ-135BJ Legacy<span class=\"nflag nf9\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Brazil\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>VIP transport<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Per English Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph11\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Cessna 210 Centurion<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Liaison<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Per English Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph12\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Cessna 172 Skyhawk<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Trainer<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Per English Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph13\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Cessna 152<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Trainer<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Per English Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>ENAER T-35 Pill&#225;n<span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Trainer<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Per English Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>K1000 remotely piloted aircraft<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Unmanned surveillance<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>2026<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Four donated by the United States.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"fleetchart\">\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">UH-1ST<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:100%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">8<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">AW139<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:100%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">8<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">T-35<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:50%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">4<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">K1000<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:50%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">4<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">King Air<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:38%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">3<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">C-212<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:38%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">3<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Bell 212<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:25%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">2<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Bell 407<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:25%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">2<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>On order<\/h3>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet ord\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-fd\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Ordered<\/th>\n<th>First delivery<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Embraer A-29 Super Tucano<span class=\"nflag nf9\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Brazil\"><\/span><span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Being procured in March 2025 for air patrol and airspace surveillance; SENAN stated that the purchase has &lsquo;no warlike or combat objective&rsquo;. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>Financing was still being defined, and no contract signature or delivery date had been published by October 2026.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Airbus C-295<span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Being procured in March 2025 for cargo, humanitarian aid, surveillance and search and rescue. No contract or delivery date published by October 2026.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"former\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Formerly operated<\/div>\n<h2>Every type the National Aeronaval Service has retired<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">1 types, from the Bell UH-1 (single-engine) to the Bell UH-1 (single-engine). <span class=\"imp\">Peak figures are airframes taken on charge over the whole service life, not fleet strength on any one date.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet former\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-role\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-srv\">\n<col class=\"c-rep\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Peak<\/th>\n<th>Served<\/th>\n<th>Replaced by<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph14\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\" class=\"was\">Bell UH-1 (single-engine)<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>2019&ndash;2024<\/td>\n<td>UH-1ST<\/td>\n<td>Six donated by the United States in 2019.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"bases\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Air bases<\/div>\n<h2>Where the National Aeronaval Service flies from<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Black pins are active bases; Tocumen, where the Panamanian Air Force was founded in 1969, is listed for its history and carries no pin because no aerodrome data were reached. <span class=\"imp\">SENAN&rsquo;s air command flies from the former US Howard Air Force Base, opened in 1942 and handed to Panama on 1 November 1999 under the canal treaties, which reopened as Panam&#225; Pac&#237;fico International Airport in 2014.<\/span> Coordinates are from Wikipedia, because the Panamanian AIP was not reached.<\/p>\n<div class=\"mapframe\">\n<div id=\"oobmap\" class=\"oobmap\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"legend\"><span><i class=\"dot\"><\/i> Active air base<\/span><span><i class=\"dot was\"><\/i> Closed or reserve<\/span><span>Click a pin to open the base page<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"basefind\" data-filter=\"#basetbl\" data-item=\"tbody tr\" data-noun=\"air bases\" placeholder=\"Search bases, province, units, aircrafts\" aria-label=\"Search bases, province, units, aircrafts\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"basefind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"basefind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"basetbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Base<\/th>\n<th>ICAO<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Runway<\/th>\n<th>Units and aircraft<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr id=\"base-panama-pacifico\" data-base=\"panama-pacifico\" data-x=\"active active Servicio Nacional Aeronaval (Comando A&#233;reo) BLB\">\n<td>Base A&#233;rea Teniente Octavio Rodr&#237;guez Garrido, Panam&#225; Pac&#237;fico<small>former Howard Air Force Base<\/small><span>Panam&#225; Oeste (Arraij&#225;n)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>MPHO<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>SENAN Air Command (Comando A&#233;reo)<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\">Bell UH-1ST<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-tocumen\" data-base=\"tocumen\" data-x=\"active former Panamanian Air Force (to 1990); National Air Service; SENAN \" class=\"was\">\n<td>Tocumen International Airport<small>former Panamanian Air Force base<\/small><span>Panam&#225;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Closed<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"was\"><span>Fuerza A&#233;rea Paname&#241;a (Panamanian Air Force)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"basefind\">No air base matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"oob\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Order of battle<\/div>\n<h2>Who is stationed where in the National Aeronaval Service<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Flying units by base, current units first. <span class=\"imp\">SENAN publishes no squadrons, so its Air Command is listed as one unit at Panam&#225; Pac&#237;fico with the eight UH-1STs handed over there in May 2024, and the Panamanian Air Force of 1969&ndash;1990 at Tocumen as a former unit.<\/span> Where the rest of the fleet is kept day to day has not been published, and the entries do not assign it.<\/p>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"unitfind\" data-filter=\"#oobwrap\" data-item=\".oob\" data-noun=\"installations\" placeholder=\"Search squadrons, wings, aircraft, bases\" aria-label=\"Search squadrons, wings, aircraft, bases\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"unitfind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"unitfind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"oobwrap\" id=\"oobwrap\">\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Panam&#225; Oeste (Arraij&#225;n) active Servicio Nacional Aeronaval (Comando A&#233;reo)\">\n<div><span>Base A&#233;rea Teniente Octavio Rodr&#237;guez Garrido, Panam&#225; Pac&#237;fico (former Howard Air Force Base) &middot; MPHO<\/span><em>Servicio Nacional Aeronaval<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>SENAN Air Command (Comando A&#233;reo)<small>Air command of a police-type service &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\">Bell UH-1ST<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"unitfind\">No unit matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>National Aeronaval Service milestones, 1914 to today<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1968<\/div>\n<p>General Omar Torrijos creates Operaciones Marinas, a coastguard department of the National Guard.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1969<\/div>\n<p>17 January: the Panamanian Air Force is created at Tocumen under Captain Alberto Purcell.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1983<\/div>\n<p>29 September: Law 20 creates the Panama Defence Forces, uniting the air force and navy.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1989<\/div>\n<p>20 December: the United States invades Panama (Operation Just Cause); fighting ends on 31 January 1990.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1990<\/div>\n<p>10 February: the Defence Forces are abolished; Cabinet Decree 38 creates the Public Forces, with a National Air Service and a National Maritime Service.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1994<\/div>\n<p>October: a constitutional amendment prohibits a standing army.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1999<\/div>\n<p>1 November: Howard Air Force Base is handed to Panama; it later becomes Panam&#225; Pac&#237;fico and SENAN&rsquo;s main air base.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2008<\/div>\n<p>20 August: Decree-Law 7 merges the air and maritime services into SENAN.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2010<\/div>\n<p>14 April: Law 15 creates the Ministry of Public Security, to which SENAN answers.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2013<\/div>\n<p>7 November: Law 93 reorganises SENAN.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2019<\/div>\n<p>The United States donates six single-engine UH-1 helicopters.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2022<\/div>\n<p>17 October: US Southern Command donates a King Air.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2023<\/div>\n<p>22 June: Eli&#233;cer C&#225;rdenas Quintero is appointed Director General. 10 September: helicopter AN-141 crashes near Coclesito; three crew killed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2024<\/div>\n<p>31 May: eight twin-engine UH-1STs are handed over. 1 October: US$7.3 million approved for helicopter maintenance.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2025<\/div>\n<p>12 March: SENAN confirms the procurement of four A-29 Super Tucanos and two C-295s. 20 August: 17th anniversary.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2026<\/div>\n<p>September: four US-donated K1000 drones enter service.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"combat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Combat record<\/div>\n<h2>SENAN&rsquo;s predecessor and the 1989 invasion<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">No SENAN sorties or aircraft losses in combat to record.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip dark\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1<\/b><span>conflicts<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1989<\/b><span>First<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>0<\/b><span>Aircraft lost<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>0<\/b><span>Killed<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"gl cml\">\n<li><b>The United States invasion of Panama<\/b> <span class=\"de\">1989&ndash;1990<\/span> The Panama Defence Forces, including their air force, were the invaded side<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a class=\"cbig\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/national-aeronaval-service\/combat-record\/\">Open the full combat record<\/a><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"makers\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The manufacturers<\/div>\n<h2>Who built the National Aeronaval Service fleet<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every company behind the aircraft on this page has its own page: the story, every type it built, the numbers and the other air forces that fly them.<\/p>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3>Current fleet and orders<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/bell\/\">Bell<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/cessna\/\">Cessna<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/agustawestland\/\">AgustaWestland<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/embraer\/\">Embraer<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/piper\/\">Piper<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/airbus\/\">Airbus<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/beechcraft\/\">Beechcraft<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/casa\/\">CASA<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/enaer\/\">ENAER<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/mcdonnell-douglas\/\">McDonnell Douglas<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/de-havilland-canada\/\">de Havilland Canada<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"news\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">From the magazine<\/div>\n<h2>National Aeronaval Service news from Afterburner<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Everything MiGFlug&rsquo;s magazine has published on the National Aeronaval Service and the aircraft it flies. <span class=\"imp\">This list refreshes itself &mdash; new Afterburner stories appear here automatically.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ngrid\" id=\"newsgrid\" data-cats=\"664,670,666\" data-term=\"panama\" data-match=\"panama\" data-reject=\"Copa|Airlines|Airways|Air Lines\"><a class=\"ncard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/f-117-nighthawk-first-combat-panama-just-cause-1989\/\"><span class=\"ncim ph15\"><\/span><span class=\"ncbody\"><time datetime=\"2026-06-19\">19 June 2026<\/time><span class=\"nct\">Before Iraq, the Stealth Fighter Bombed Panama<\/span><span class=\"ncx\">At one minute past one in the morning on December 20, 1989, the warm tropical dark outside the Panamanian Defense Force barracks at Rio&hellip;<\/span><span class=\"ncgo\">Read the story<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<p><a class=\"nmore\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/\">All stories in Afterburner<\/a><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about the National Aeronaval Service<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>Does Panama have an air force?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">No. Panama abolished its Defence Forces in 1990 and a 1994 constitutional amendment prohibits a standing army. Its military-style flying is done by the National Aeronaval Service (Servicio Nacional Aeronaval, SENAN), a police-type service of the Panamanian Public Forces under the Ministry of Public Security.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is SENAN?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The Servicio Nacional Aeronaval, created by Decree-Law 7 of 20 August 2008 from the National Air Service and the National Maritime Service. It patrols Panama&rsquo;s air and maritime space against drug trafficking, illegal fishing and smuggling and flies rescue and medical evacuation missions. The official name is the one on aeronaval.gob.pa; the English name follows the current English Wikipedia title.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is SENAN military or police?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Police. It is part of the Panamanian Public Forces, answers to the Ministry of Public Security, and uses police ranks such as commissioner. Its Director General is appointed by the President.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What aircraft does SENAN fly?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Mostly helicopters and light transports: eight twin-engine Bell UH-1STs donated by the United States in 2024, and, according to English Wikipedia, eight AW139s, smaller Bells, King Airs, CASA C-212s, Twin Otters, Cessnas, an Embraer Legacy and T-35 Pill&#225;n trainers. Four US-donated K1000 drones joined in September 2026.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is Panama buying Super Tucanos?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">In March 2025 SENAN confirmed it was procuring four Embraer A-29 Super Tucanos and two Airbus C-295s, stating that the Super Tucanos were for air patrol and that there was &lsquo;no warlike or combat objective&rsquo;. No contract or delivery date had been published by October 2026.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What happened to Panama&rsquo;s air force in 1989?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The Panamanian Air Force was part of the Panama Defence Forces, which were defeated in the US invasion of 20 December 1989 and abolished on 10 February 1990. The fate of its individual aircraft is not documented in the sources reached for this page.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How many people died in the 1989 invasion of Panama?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">It depends on the source. The US military gave 23 Americans killed; US Southern Command estimated 314 Defence Forces dead; civilian estimates range from 202 (Pentagon) through 300 (Americas Watch), 500 (UN), 673 (Catholic Church) and 1,000 (an internal US Army memo) to 3,000 (Ramsey Clark).<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What does SENAN do in the Dari&#233;n?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">According to the Security Minister, Frank Abrego, in October 2024, SENAN&rsquo;s helicopters fly daily against organised crime, on medical evacuations from hard-to-reach areas and on tasks linked to irregular migration through the Dari&#233;n. The 2024 UH-1STs were donated partly for migration control and border security.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Where is SENAN&rsquo;s air base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">At the Teniente Octavio Rodr&#237;guez Garrido air base at Panam&#225; Pac&#237;fico, on the former US Howard Air Force Base handed to Panama in 1999. Panama&rsquo;s first air force was founded at Tocumen in 1969.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Does Panama have an air force?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"No. Panama abolished its Defence Forces in 1990 and a 1994 constitutional amendment prohibits a standing army. Its military-style flying is done by the National Aeronaval Service (Servicio Nacional Aeronaval, SENAN), a police-type service of the Panamanian Public Forces under the Ministry of Public Security.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is SENAN?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The Servicio Nacional Aeronaval, created by Decree-Law 7 of 20 August 2008 from the National Air Service and the National Maritime Service. It patrols Panama\\u2019s air and maritime space against drug trafficking, illegal fishing and smuggling and flies rescue and medical evacuation missions. The official name is the one on aeronaval.gob.pa; the English name follows the current English Wikipedia title.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is SENAN military or police?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Police. It is part of the Panamanian Public Forces, answers to the Ministry of Public Security, and uses police ranks such as commissioner. Its Director General is appointed by the President.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What aircraft does SENAN fly?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Mostly helicopters and light transports: eight twin-engine Bell UH-1STs donated by the United States in 2024, and, according to English Wikipedia, eight AW139s, smaller Bells, King Airs, CASA C-212s, Twin Otters, Cessnas, an Embraer Legacy and T-35 Pill\\u00e1n trainers. Four US-donated K1000 drones joined in September 2026.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is Panama buying Super Tucanos?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"In March 2025 SENAN confirmed it was procuring four Embraer A-29 Super Tucanos and two Airbus C-295s, stating that the Super Tucanos were for air patrol and that there was \\u2018no warlike or combat objective\\u2019. No contract or delivery date had been published by October 2026.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What happened to Panama\\u2019s air force in 1989?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The Panamanian Air Force was part of the Panama Defence Forces, which were defeated in the US invasion of 20 December 1989 and abolished on 10 February 1990. The fate of its individual aircraft is not documented in the sources reached for this page.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How many people died in the 1989 invasion of Panama?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"It depends on the source. The US military gave 23 Americans killed; US Southern Command estimated 314 Defence Forces dead; civilian estimates range from 202 (Pentagon) through 300 (Americas Watch), 500 (UN), 673 (Catholic Church) and 1,000 (an internal US Army memo) to 3,000 (Ramsey Clark).\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What does SENAN do in the Dari\\u00e9n?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"According to the Security Minister, Frank Abrego, in October 2024, SENAN\\u2019s helicopters fly daily against organised crime, on medical evacuations from hard-to-reach areas and on tasks linked to irregular migration through the Dari\\u00e9n. The 2024 UH-1STs were donated partly for migration control and border security.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Where is SENAN\\u2019s air base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"At the Teniente Octavio Rodr\\u00edguez Garrido air base at Panam\\u00e1 Pac\\u00edfico, on the former US Howard Air Force Base handed to Panama in 1999. Panama\\u2019s first air force was founded at Tocumen in 1969.\"}}]}<\/script><hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"gallery\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Read the aircraft the National Aeronaval Service flew<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every type with a page in the Book of Beasts, in service first, then by the year it left the fleet.<\/p>\n<div class=\"acgrid\"><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\"><span class=\"im none\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Bell UH-1ST (twin-engine UH-1 conversion)<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\"><span class=\"im ph14\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Bell UH-1 (single-engine)<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/b><em>2019&ndash;2024<\/em><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aeronaval.gob.pa\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Servicio Nacional Aeronaval: home page<\/a><span>17th anniversary 20 August 2025; four US-donated K1000 RPAS incorporated September 2026; bases named. (senan.gob.pa did not resolve.)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aeronaval.gob.pa\/?op=lainstitucion\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Servicio Nacional Aeronaval: La Instituci&#243;n<\/a><span>Under the Ministry of Public Security; organisation into directorates and four operational groups including the Comando A&#233;reo.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.minseg.gob.pa\/estados-unidos-dona-a-panama-8-helicopteros-uh-1st-para-la-lucha-contra-el-narcotrafico\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ministerio de Seguridad P&#250;blica: Estados Unidos dona a Panam&#225; 8 helic&#243;pteros UH-1ST para la lucha contra el narcotr&#225;fico (31 May 2024)<\/a><span>Eight twin-engine UH-1ST at Base A&#233;rea Teniente Octavio Rodr&#237;guez Garrido, Panam&#225; Pac&#237;fico; INL-SENAN programme; B\/.11.3 million; replaced six single-engine UH-1s of 2019.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.minseg.gob.pa\/aeronaves-en-proceso-de-adquisicion-solo-tienen-capacidad-de-patrullaje-rescate-y-carga\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ministerio de Seguridad P&#250;blica: Aeronaves en proceso de adquisici&#243;n solo tienen capacidad de patrullaje, rescate y carga (12 March 2025)<\/a><span>Four A-29 Super Tucano and two C-295 in procurement; &lsquo;No existe ning&#250;n objetivo b&#233;lico o de combate&rsquo;.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.minseg.gob.pa\/ministro-abrego-obtiene-aprobacion-para-mantenimiento-de-helicopteros\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ministerio de Seguridad P&#250;blica: Ministro Abrego obtiene aprobaci&#243;n para mantenimiento de helic&#243;pteros (1 October 2024)<\/a><span>US$7.3 million transfer; helicopters used daily against organised crime, for evacuations and on irregular migration through the Dari&#233;n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.minseg.gob.pa\/senan-despide-con-honores-a-los-tripulantes-del-helicoptero-accidentado-an-141\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ministerio de Seguridad P&#250;blica: Senan despide con honores a los tripulantes del helic&#243;ptero accidentado AN-141 (20 September 2023)<\/a><span>Crash of 10 September 2023 near Coclesito, Ol&#225;, Cocl&#233;; three crew named; recovery took about 94 hours.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.minseg.gob.pa\/senan-recibe-donacion-de-una-aeronave-king-air-402-para-combatir-el-narcotrafico-y-la-pesca-ilegal\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ministerio de Seguridad P&#250;blica: Senan recibe donaci&#243;n de una aeronave King Air 402 para combatir el narcotr&#225;fico y la pesca ilegal (17 October 2022)<\/a><span>King Air donated by US Southern Command (Gen. Laura Richardson) (search listing).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.minseg.gob.pa\/presidente-de-la-republica-designa-nuevo-director-general-del-senan\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ministerio de Seguridad P&#250;blica: Presidente de la Rep&#250;blica designa nuevo director general del Senan (22 June 2023)<\/a><span>Commissioner Eli&#233;cer C&#225;rdenas Quintero appointed (search listing).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.minseg.gob.pa\/senan-incauto-40-mil-29-paquetes-de-sustancias-ilicitas-en-los-ultimos-seis-meses-de-2024\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ministerio de Seguridad P&#250;blica: Senan incaut&#243; 40 mil 29 paquetes de sustancias il&#237;citas en los &#250;ltimos seis meses de 2024 (23 December 2024)<\/a><span>Director General Luis Antonio De Gracia; 40,029 packages seized July-December 2024.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Figures verified 2026-10-01. Order of Battle pages are regenerated from a single dataset; if a number here disagrees with a Book of Beasts page, this page is the more recent of the two.<\/p>\n<p class=\"verified\">Photographs: Photo: Aeroprints.com \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0) &middot; Photo: Hans Hillewaert \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Chme82 \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Carlos E. Perez S.L \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: VynedJ \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 4.0) &middot; Photo: Gordon Leggett \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Daniel Case \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0) &middot; Photo: Petr Kadlec \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0) &middot; Photo: Acroterion \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Arpingstone \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: Md Shaifuzzaman \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Matti Blume \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Don Ramey Logan \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .ph1{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/w17-hero-national-aeronaval-service.jpg)!important}#mfam 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Cocol&#237;, Arraij&#225;n; air command at Base A&#233;rea Teniente [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":22996,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-29499","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>National Aeronaval Service | MiGFlug<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/ja\/\u7a7a\u8ecd\/\u56fd\u5bb6\u822a\u7a7a\u6d77\u8ecd\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ja_JP\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"National Aeronaval Service | MiGFlug\" \/>\n<meta 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