{"id":12791347,"date":"2026-08-16T12:04:43","date_gmt":"2026-08-16T10:04:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/sud-aviation-caravelle-rear-engine-jet-pioneer\/"},"modified":"2026-08-16T12:05:11","modified_gmt":"2026-08-16T10:05:11","slug":"sud-aviation-caravelle-rear-engine-jet-pioneer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/fr\/sud-aviation-caravelle-rear-engine-jet-pioneer\/","title":{"rendered":"The French Jet That Everyone Copied"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.et_pb_title_container h1.entry-title { padding-top: 40px !important; }<\/style><p>Look at almost any small jet airliner of the 1960s and 1970s, the Douglas DC-9, the Boeing 727, the BAC One-Eleven, the Fokker F28, and you will see the same clever idea: the engines mounted at the tail, leaving the wing clean and the cabin quiet. That idea did not come from Seattle or Long Beach. It came from Toulouse, and from a graceful French aircraft called the <strong>Caravelle<\/strong>.<\/p><p>The Sud Aviation Caravelle was the world's first successful short- and medium-haul jetliner, and it introduced a layout so sensible that half the industry copied it. France, which had spent the early jet age watching Britain and America lead, suddenly found itself setting the template.<\/p>\r\n<div style=\"background:#f5f5f5;padding:20px;border-radius:8px;margin:24px 0\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 10px;font-weight:700;font-size:18px;color:#111\">Informations cl\u00e9s<\/p><table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:15px\"><tr><td style=\"padding:6px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#333;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\">A\u00e9ronef<\/td><td style=\"padding:6px 12px;color:#444\">Sud Aviation SE 210 Caravelle<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:6px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#333;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\">Premier vol<\/td><td style=\"padding:6px 12px;color:#444\">27 May 1955, from Toulouse<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:6px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#333;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\">Entered service<\/td><td style=\"padding:6px 12px;color:#444\">1959, with Air France and SAS<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:6px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#333;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\">R\u00e9clamation<\/td><td style=\"padding:6px 12px;color:#444\">First short\/medium-haul jet airliner; first with rear-mounted engines<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:6px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#333;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\">Moteurs<\/td><td style=\"padding:6px 12px;color:#444\">Two Rolls-Royce Avon turbojets, mounted at the tail<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:6px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#333;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\">A borrowed nose<\/td><td style=\"padding:6px 12px;color:#444\">Its cockpit and nose were taken from the de Havilland Comet<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:6px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#333;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\">Construit<\/td><td style=\"padding:6px 12px;color:#444\">282 (1958 to 1972)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"padding:6px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#333;vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap\">H\u00e9ritage<\/td><td style=\"padding:6px 12px;color:#444\">The rear-engine layout was adopted by the DC-9, 727, F28 and One-Eleven<\/td><\/tr><\/table><\/div>\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">A Clean Idea<\/h2><p>When Sud Aviation set out to build a jet for shorter routes, it made a bold choice. Instead of hanging engines under the wing, as the Comet and the 707 did, it bolted two Rolls-Royce Avon turbojets to the rear fuselage, either side of the tail. The payoff was elegant: an aerodynamically clean wing that could be optimised purely for lift, a quieter cabin well forward of the engines, and a tidy, balanced silhouette.<\/p>\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img data-opt-id=857327222  fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:Nf24.ccc4\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:mauto\/ig:avif\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/08\/sud-caravelle-air-france-rear-engines.jpg\" alt=\"A Caravelle showing its rear-mounted engines\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block;border-radius:6px\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">The Caravelle signature: two Avon jets mounted on the rear fuselage, leaving the wing clean. The idea defined a generation of short-haul jets. Photo: Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #1565c0;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7;display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:flex-start\"><div><em>&ldquo;The Sud Aviation Caravelle: the dawn of the modern commercial jet.&rdquo;<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>Curbside Classic<\/strong> &mdash; Automotive and aviation history publication<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ArDgIQx5_gg\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;border-radius:8px\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\r\n<p>There was a very French pragmatism to the rest of it, too. Rather than design a new nose and cockpit from scratch, Sud Aviation simply licensed the ones from Britain's de Havilland Comet, the pioneering jetliner whose own tragic story was unfolding at the same time. The Caravelle wore the Comet's face on a body all its own.<\/p><h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">A Star of the Jet Age<\/h2><p>First flown on 27 May 1955 and in service by 1959 with Air France and SAS, the Caravelle was an immediate hit. Passengers loved its smoothness and its distinctive triangular windows; airlines loved that it made jet travel viable on routes too short for the big four-engine machines. It sold across Europe, into Africa and South America, and even to the United States, where United Airlines flew it.<\/p>\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin:0 0 24px;width:100%\"><img data-opt-id=331442018  fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" width=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:Nf24.ccc4\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:mauto\/ig:avif\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2026\/08\/sud-caravelle-air-france-2.jpg\" alt=\"An Air France Caravelle in flight\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;display:block;border-radius:6px\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;text-align:center;margin-top:6px;font-style:italic\">An Air France Caravelle aloft. The type carried the tricolour, and the modern jet layout, around the world. Photo: Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:20px 22px;margin:18px 0 24px;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7;display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:flex-start\"><div><em>&ldquo;The Caravelle introduced the rear-engine configuration that would be adopted by many later jet airliners.&rdquo;<\/em><div style=\"margin-top:10px;font-size:14px;color:#555\"><strong>Mus\u00e9e national de l&#039;air et de l&#039;espace<\/strong> &mdash; Smithsonian Institution<\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Y08ZGnx0uQA\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;border-radius:8px\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\r\n<h2 style=\"padding-top:22px\">The Template France Left Behind<\/h2><p>In all, 282 Caravelles were built before production ended in 1972. That is a modest number beside the thousands of 727s and DC-9s that followed. But the Caravelle's true output cannot be counted in airframes. It is measured in every rear-engined jet that came after, each one quietly acknowledging that the French had got there first.<\/p><p>Today the Caravelle is a museum piece, its triangular windows and tail-mounted engines a little dated to modern eyes. Yet it deserves to be remembered as one of the most influential airliners ever built: elegant, clever, and quietly revolutionary. Not bad for a jet that borrowed its nose.<\/p>\r\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:24px 0\"><iframe class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/_Uaz0MJVun8\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;border-radius:8px\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\r\n<p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#777;font-style:italic\">Sources: Wikipedia; National Air and Space Museum; Curbside Classic; SlashGear; Suren Ratwatte (Medium).<\/p>\r\n<div style=\"background:#f0f4ff;border-left:4px solid #5C91FF;padding:16px 20px;margin:32px 0 8px;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0\"><p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:600;color:#333\">Articles similaires<\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/de-havilland-comet-first-jet-airliner-metal-fatigue-square-windows\/\">De Havilland Comet: First, Beautiful, Deadly<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/convair-990-coronado-fastest-jetliner\/\">The Convair 990 Coronado: Fastest Jetliner<\/a><\/p><p style=\"margin:4px 0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/baade-152-east-germany-first-jet-airliner-crash\/\">Baade 152: East Germany\u2019s First Jet Airliner<\/a><\/p><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Look at almost any small jet airliner of the 1960s and 1970s, the Douglas DC-9, the Boeing 727, the BAC One-Eleven, the Fokker F28, and you will see the same clever idea: the engines mounted at the tail, leaving the wing clean and the cabin quiet. That idea did not come from Seattle or Long [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":12790946,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[665,666],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12791347","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aviation-world","category-history-and-legends"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Sud Aviation Caravelle: The Jet Everyone Copied<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Sud Aviation Caravelle was the first short-haul jet and pioneered rear-mounted engines, the layout later copied by the DC-9, 727 and more.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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