{"id":1764,"date":"2014-01-24T13:08:30","date_gmt":"2014-01-24T13:08:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.migflug.com\/jetflights\/?p=1764"},"modified":"2026-06-26T18:43:24","modified_gmt":"2026-06-26T16:43:24","slug":"german-luftwaffe-mig-29-fulcrum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/it\/german-luftwaffe-mig-29-fulcrum\/","title":{"rendered":"German Luftwaffe and the MiG-29 Fulcrum"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>The inherited Soviet Fighter Jet<\/h2>\r\n<div id=\"attachment_3691\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img data-opt-id=629865132  fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3691\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-3691\" src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:0e0_.b970\/w:300\/h:136\/q:mauto\/ig:avif\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2014\/01\/MiG-29-Fulcrum-Farewell-USA-2003-1.jpg\" alt=\"EGLIN AIR FORCE BASE, Fla. -- This MiG-29 Fulcrum flown by Lt. Col.Tom Hahn, squadron commander of Germany's Fighter Wing 73 &quot;Steinhoff,&quot; flies over the Gulf of Mexico during a training exercise. The German MiGs are being hosted the 53rd Wing during various training missions. Unlike previous visits to the U.S. for training, this deployment will provide German pilots the opportunity to fly live-fire missions against both full-scale QF-4 drones and sub-scale drones. This MiG boasts a particularly colorful paint scheme for their &quot;Farewell USA&quot; tour. The Germans are transitioning to the new Eurofighter and this will be the last trip for the MiGs to the U.S. (U.S. Air Force photo by Tech. Sgt. Michael Ammons)\" width=\"300\" height=\"136\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:0e0_.b970\/w:300\/h:136\/q:mauto\/ig:avif\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2014\/01\/MiG-29-Fulcrum-Farewell-USA-2003-1.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:0e0_.b970\/w:768\/h:349\/q:mauto\/ig:avif\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2014\/01\/MiG-29-Fulcrum-Farewell-USA-2003-1.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:0e0_.b970\/w:1024\/h:465\/q:mauto\/ig:avif\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2014\/01\/MiG-29-Fulcrum-Farewell-USA-2003-1.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3691\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">MiG-29-Fulcrum-Farewell-USA-2003<\/p><\/div>\r\n\r\nEast Germany (DDR) bought 20 MiG-29A and 4 MiG-29UB two seaters just before the fall of the Berlin Wall, for the Luftstreitkr\u00e4fte der NVA (East German Air Force). They entered service in 1988 and 1989. After the German reunification in October 1990, these MiGs were integrated into the Luftwaffe, made NATO-compatible and stationed on Laage Fliegerhorst, with Luftwaffe Jagdgeschwader JG73 \"Steinhoff\".\r\n\r\nOberstleutnant Johannes Rudolf, German Tornado pilot and former L-39 Albatros pilot at MiGFlug, said about his experience in the MiG-29:\r\n<blockquote>The MiG-29 is a rocket. It is as simple as that.<\/blockquote>\r\n<span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">It soon turned out that claims that the MiG-29 was superior to Western fighter jets in certain areas proved correct - for example, the Helmet Mounted Weapons Sight (HMS) - a technology the US Air Force and Navy didn't have operational before 2003 - or the dogfight capability and\u00a0manoeuvrability, especially at slow speed. The MiG-29 demonstrated it's ability impressively during joint US-German dissimilar air combat training. But we'll have a closer look at that below.<\/span>\r\n\r\nIn 2003 22 MiG-29s were sold to the Polish Air Force for a symbolic 1 EUR per Fulcrum,\u00a014 were\u00a0taken into service with the 41. elt\u00a0after an\u00a0overhauled. Of the remaining two German MiGs, one had crashed after a pilot's fault, and one (the 29+03) is on display at Laage-Rostock airport.\r\n<h2>MiG-29 strengths and\u00a0weaknesses<\/h2>\r\n<div id=\"attachment_3693\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img data-opt-id=579093275  fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3693\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-3693\" src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:0e0_.b970\/w:300\/h:203\/q:mauto\/ig:avif\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2014\/01\/German-MiG-29A-Fulcrum-1.jpg\" alt=\"German-MiG-29A-Fulcrum\" width=\"300\" height=\"203\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3693\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">German-MiG-29A-Fulcrum<\/p><\/div>\r\n\r\nDuring service with German Luftwaffe, Germany and its allies the possibility to compare the MiG-29 like never before. Luftwaffe pilots who flew western jets before suddenly had the possibility to fly the state of the art multirole fighter aircraft of the Eastern Block. That said, one must be aware that Germany inherited the export version\u00a0of the<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>earliest model MiG-29A, which was inferior to the Soviet MiG-29A, e.g. they are lacking the Lazlo data link and the SRO IFF transponders. And today's latest MiG-29s are of course more advanced if not to say other aircraft, after several upgrades. A funny side note here: The NATO findings were an important source of improvement for Mikoyan OKB, to further improve the MiG-29.\r\n\r\n<strong>Strengths\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Incredible turn rate. The manually controlled MiG-29 (28\u00b0\/sec) even beats the fly by wire F-16 Block 50 (26\u00b0\/sec).<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The Archer is able to target 45\u00b0 off boresight<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Superior in dogfights\/close combat to US 4th generation fighter aircraft like McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle, General Dynamic F-16 Fighting Falcon and McDonnell Douglas\u00a0F\/A-18 Hornet (as proved in dogfights with the Swiss Air Force among others).<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Helmet Mounted Sight<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nThis led Johann Koeck, Oberstleutnant at German Luftwaffe, to the analysis:\r\n<blockquote>Inside ten nautical miles I\u2019m hard to defeat, and with the IRST, helmet sight and \u2018Archer\u2019 I can\u2019t be beaten. Period.<span style=\"color: #2b2b2b; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/blockquote>\r\n<strong>Weaknesses<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Navigation system (before it got a GPS upgrade)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Limited fuel capacity, thirsty engines, no in-flight refuelling\u00a0probe. Even with two underwing tanks, the MiG-29 is inferior when it comes to range. According to Koeck, the combat radius was only 100\u2013150 nautical miles (185-278km). Especially at high speed and low altitudes, the range is very limited.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>One VHF\/UHF radio only<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Inferior radar (limited autonomous operations, poor reliability, poor display, poor situational awareness, problems with targets flying in formation)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nThe serious weaknesses of the German Luftwaffe MiG-29s led to limited missions within NATO. \u00a0According to\u00a0Koeck, it was therefore only usable as wing (not lead), point defense and as aggressor for training missions.\r\n<h2>How do these findings affect MiGFlug?<\/h2>\r\nOf course, we say this tongue-in-cheek \u2014 we are not an air force, and weapons, fuel capacity, radio systems, and radar are not important for us - and the flights in the MiG-29UB. All we want is the sheer power for the Edge of Space <a title=\"MiG-29 flight in Russia\" href=\"https:\/\/www.migflug.com\/en\/jet-fighter-flights\/flying-with-a-jet\/mig-29-fulcrum-in-russia.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">flights in the MiG-29<\/a>. The MiG-29 has a thrust\/weight ratio of 1.09, a max speed of more than 2400km\/h (Mach 2.25, 1490 mph) and a climb rate of 330m\/s!\u00a0Remember: \"It's a rocket\". Other important things for our customers: The excellent view from the backseat, the beauty of the jet and - with limitations - the manoeuvrability. For most MiGFlug MiG-29 passengers it is more than they can handle anyway, but we had some crazy guys who wanted up to 9.2g.\r\n\r\n<strong>Articles and Ressources<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>The history of <a title=\"Fighter Jet Rides for Tourists \u2013 A bit of History\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/tourist-fighter-jet-rides\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fighter jet rides for civilians<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Luftwaffengeschwader <a title=\"Taktisches Luftwaffengeschwader 73 &quot;Steinhoff&quot;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.luftwaffe.de\/portal\/a\/luftwaffe\/!ut\/p\/c4\/04_SB8K8xLLM9MSSzPy8xBz9CP3I5EyrpHK9nHK9_KJ0vZzStJJcvax0c2P9gmxHRQB5KvjZ\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">JG73 \"Steinhoff\"<\/a>\u00a0(German language)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>First <a title=\"First MiG-29 Edge of Space Video in HD\" href=\"https:\/\/www.migflug.com\/jetflights\/mig-29-edge-of-space-video-hd.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MiG-29 Edge of Space HD video<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a title=\"Fighter jet generations \u2013 A bit of military aviation history\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/fighter-jet-generations\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fighter Jet Generations<\/a> - an overview<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The <a title=\"The most expensive military aircraft\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/the-most-expensive-military-aircraft\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">most expensive military aircraft<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\n\n<!-- mf-faq -->\n\n<div class=\"mf-faq-block\"><style>.mf-faq-block{margin:34px 0}.mf-faq-item:not([open]) .mf-faq-answer{display:none !important}.mf-faq-block h2.mf-faq-h{padding-top:22px;margin-bottom:14px}.mf-faq-item{border:1px solid #e2e8f5;border-radius:8px;margin:0 0 10px;background:#fff}.mf-faq-item summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;padding:15px 50px 15px 18px;font-weight:600;color:#1a1a1a;position:relative;line-height:1.45;user-select:none}.mf-faq-item summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.mf-faq-item summary::after{content:\"+\";position:absolute;right:18px;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);font-size:1.5em;font-weight:400;color:#5C91FF;line-height:1}.mf-faq-item[open] summary::after{content:\"\\2013\"}.mf-faq-item[open] summary{border-bottom:1px solid #eef1f8}.mf-faq-item summary:hover{background:#f5f8ff}.mf-faq-answer{padding:14px 18px;color:#333;line-height:1.6}.mf-faq-answer p{margin:0}.mf-faq-answer a{color:#5C91FF}<\/style><h2 class=\"mf-faq-h\">Related Questions<\/h2><details class=\"mf-faq-item\"><summary>Did Germany operate the MiG-29 Fulcrum?<\/summary><div class=\"mf-faq-answer\"><p>Yes. East Germany ordered 20 single-seat MiG-29A and 4 two-seat MiG-29UB fighters, which entered service in 1988 and 1989. After German reunification in October 1990, the Luftwaffe inherited these jets, made them NATO-compatible and based them at Laage with fighter wing JG73 \"Steinhoff\". This gave NATO an unusually close look at the Soviet fighter.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"mf-faq-item\"><summary>How did East Germany get its MiG-29s?<\/summary><div class=\"mf-faq-answer\"><p>East Germany bought its MiG-29 fleet from the Soviet Union just before the fall of the Berlin Wall, for the air arm of the National People's Army. Only 20 single-seaters and 4 trainers were delivered, entering service in 1988-1989. When East and West Germany reunified in 1990, the unified <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/the-mig-29-fulcrum-experience-edge-of-space-at-mach-2\/\">MiG-29<\/a> fleet passed to the Luftwaffe.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"mf-faq-item\"><summary>What were the MiG-29's main strengths?<\/summary><div class=\"mf-faq-answer\"><p>The MiG-29 Fulcrum was famous for its agility, with an excellent turn rate in a dogfight. A standout feature was its helmet-mounted sight, which let the pilot aim short-range missiles by looking at the target \u2014 technology Western air forces did not field operationally until around 2003. Combined with the R-73 \"Archer\" missile, this made the Fulcrum very dangerous in close combat.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"mf-faq-item\"><summary>What were the MiG-29's main weaknesses?<\/summary><div class=\"mf-faq-answer\"><p>The MiG-29's biggest weaknesses were short range and a limited radar. With thirsty engines, no in-flight refuelling probe and modest fuel capacity, its combat radius was only about 100 to 150 nautical miles. The radar offered poor situational awareness and struggled with formations, and early jets had a single radio and a weak navigation system before later GPS upgrades.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"mf-faq-item\"><summary>Why was the German MiG-29 considered inferior to the Soviet version?<\/summary><div class=\"mf-faq-answer\"><p>Germany inherited the export model MiG-29A, which was deliberately downgraded compared with the Soviet Union's own jets. The export versions lacked certain systems such as the data link and some identification-friend-or-foe equipment fitted to home-service Fulcrums. Later MiG-29 variants, after numerous upgrades, are far more capable and effectively different aircraft.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"mf-faq-item\"><summary>What is a helmet-mounted sight on a fighter jet?<\/summary><div class=\"mf-faq-answer\"><p>A helmet-mounted sight projects targeting information onto the pilot's visor and lets them cue weapons simply by looking at a target. On the MiG-29 it allowed off-boresight missile shots well before Western forces had the capability operationally. It remains a key advantage in close-range dogfights, where being able to aim by sight saves precious seconds.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"mf-faq-item\"><summary>What happened to Germany's MiG-29 fleet?<\/summary><div class=\"mf-faq-answer\"><p>Germany flew its MiG-29s with the Luftwaffe through the 1990s, using NATO's first-hand access to study Soviet design. One airframe was lost in an accident, and a Fulcrum, the 29+03, is preserved on display at Laage-Rostock airport. The fleet was eventually retired, with most jets passed on to Poland. Today the MiG-29 endures in several <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/north-korea-air-force-kpaaf-mig-29-ghost-fleet\/\">air forces worldwide<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"mf-faq-item\"><summary>How did NATO benefit from flying the MiG-29?<\/summary><div class=\"mf-faq-answer\"><p>Reunified Germany gave NATO a unique chance to fly and evaluate a frontline Soviet fighter from the inside. Pilots who had flown Western jets could directly compare handling, sensors and weapons. The findings shaped NATO tactics against the Fulcrum and, ironically, even highlighted areas the design bureau later improved on the MiG-29 itself.<\/p><\/div><\/details><\/div>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Did Germany operate the MiG-29 Fulcrum?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Yes. East Germany ordered 20 single-seat MiG-29A and 4 two-seat MiG-29UB fighters, which entered service in 1988 and 1989. After German reunification in October 1990, the Luftwaffe inherited these jets, made them NATO-compatible and based them at Laage with fighter wing JG73 \\\"Steinhoff\\\". This gave NATO an unusually close look at the Soviet fighter.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"How did East Germany get its MiG-29s?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"East Germany bought its MiG-29 fleet from the Soviet Union just before the fall of the Berlin Wall, for the air arm of the National People's Army. Only 20 single-seaters and 4 trainers were delivered, entering service in 1988-1989. When East and West Germany reunified in 1990, the unified <a href=\\\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/the-mig-29-fulcrum-experience-edge-of-space-at-mach-2\/\\\">MiG-29<\/a> fleet passed to the Luftwaffe.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What were the MiG-29's main strengths?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The MiG-29 Fulcrum was famous for its agility, with an excellent turn rate in a dogfight. A standout feature was its helmet-mounted sight, which let the pilot aim short-range missiles by looking at the target \u2014 technology Western air forces did not field operationally until around 2003. Combined with the R-73 \\\"Archer\\\" missile, this made the Fulcrum very dangerous in close combat.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What were the MiG-29's main weaknesses?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The MiG-29's biggest weaknesses were short range and a limited radar. With thirsty engines, no in-flight refuelling probe and modest fuel capacity, its combat radius was only about 100 to 150 nautical miles. 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On the MiG-29 it allowed off-boresight missile shots well before Western forces had the capability operationally. It remains a key advantage in close-range dogfights, where being able to aim by sight saves precious seconds.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What happened to Germany's MiG-29 fleet?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Germany flew its MiG-29s with the Luftwaffe through the 1990s, using NATO's first-hand access to study Soviet design. One airframe was lost in an accident, and a Fulcrum, the 29+03, is preserved on display at Laage-Rostock airport. The fleet was eventually retired, with most jets passed on to Poland. Today the MiG-29 endures in several <a href=\\\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/jetflights\/north-korea-air-force-kpaaf-mig-29-ghost-fleet\/\\\">air forces worldwide<\/a>.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"How did NATO benefit from flying the MiG-29?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Reunified Germany gave NATO a unique chance to fly and evaluate a frontline Soviet fighter from the inside. Pilots who had flown Western jets could directly compare handling, sensors and weapons. The findings shaped NATO tactics against the Fulcrum and, ironically, even highlighted areas the design bureau later improved on the MiG-29 itself.\"}}]}<\/script><!-- \/mf-faq -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The inherited Soviet Fighter Jet East Germany (DDR) bought 20 MiG-29A and 4 MiG-29UB two seaters just before the fall of the Berlin Wall, for the Luftstreitkr\u00e4fte der NVA (East German Air Force). They entered service in 1988 and 1989. After the German reunification in October 1990, these MiGs were integrated into the Luftwaffe, made [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1795,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,664],"tags":[231,248,249,331,332,369,423],"class_list":["post-1764","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fighter-jets","category-military-aviation","tag-fliegerhorst-laage","tag-german-air-force","tag-german-luftwaffe","tag-luftstreitkrafte-der-ddr","tag-luftstreitkrafte-der-nva","tag-mig-29-fulcrum","tag-nva"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>German Luftwaffe and the MiG-29 Fulcrum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"How the German Luftwaffe inherited 24 MiG-29 Fulcrums after reunification 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