{"id":2519,"date":"2015-03-14T20:14:30","date_gmt":"2015-03-14T20:14:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.migflug.com\/jetflights\/?p=2519"},"modified":"2026-09-04T09:47:53","modified_gmt":"2026-09-04T07:47:53","slug":"the-weirdest-aircraft-by-looks-bartini-beriev-vva-14","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/the-weirdest-aircraft-by-looks-bartini-beriev-vva-14\/","title":{"rendered":"The weirdest aircraft by looks &#8211; Bartini Beriev VVA-14"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">Throughout the Cold<\/span> War the Soviet Union and the United States were constantly trying to check each other's military power. This drive for each country to outdo the other led to some truly bizarre pieces of military hardware.\u00a0The\u00a0Bartini Beriev VVA-14\u00a0Vertikal`no-Vzletayuschaya Amphibia (vertical take-off amphibious aircraft) was developed in the Soviet Union during the 1970s.<\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin:20px 0;\"><iframe style=\"position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/bkXHx0i2vHs\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Designed to be able to take-off from the water and fly at high speed over long distances, it was to make true flights at high altitude, but also have the capability of 'flying' efficiently just above the sea surface, using ground effect. <span style=\"color: #000000\">\u00a0After extensive research, including the development of the small prototype\u00a0Be-1\u00a0wing in ground effect aircraft, the first Bartini Beriev VVA-14 prototype was completed in 1972. Its first flight was from a conventional runway on 4 September 1972.\u00a0In 1974 the inflatable pontoons were installed, though their operation caused many problems. Flotation and water taxi tests followed, culminating in the start of flight testing of the amphibious aircraft on 11 June 1975.\u00a0<\/span>The VVA-14 was designed by Robert <strong>Bartini<\/strong> in answer to a perceived requirement by the Russians to destroy United States Navy Polaris missile submarines. The aircraft needs just THREE persons crew, which is very little for the gigantic aircraft!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/03\/Bartini-Beriev-VVA-14.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-2521\" src=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/03\/Bartini-Beriev-VVA-14.jpg\" alt=\"Bartini-Beriev-VVA-14\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/03\/Bartini-Beriev-VVA-14.jpg 640w, https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/03\/Bartini-Beriev-VVA-14-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Aircraft specifications -<\/p>\n\n<ul style=\"color: #000000;text-align: justify\">\n\t<li><b>Crew:<\/b>\u00a03<\/li>\n\t<li><b>Length:<\/b>\u00a025.97 m (85 ft 2 in)<\/li>\n\t<li><b>Wingspan:<\/b>\u00a030 m (98 ft 5 in)<\/li>\n\t<li><b>Height:<\/b>\u00a06.79 m (22 ft 3 in)<\/li>\n\t<li><b>Wing area:<\/b>\u00a0217.79 m<sup>2<\/sup>\u00a0(2344 ft<sup>2<\/sup>)<\/li>\n\t<li><strong>Armament<\/strong>:\u00a0ordnance 2000 kg \/\u00a02 aerial torpedoes \/\u00a08 m IGMD-500<\/li>\n\t<li><b>Empty weight:<\/b>\u00a023,236 kg (51,119 lb)<\/li>\n\t<li><b>Gross weight:<\/b>\u00a052,000 kg (114,400 lb)<\/li>\n\t<li><b>Powerplant:<\/b>\u00a0<b>(Cruise)<\/b>\u00a02 \u00d7 D-30M turbofans, 67 kN (15062 lbf) thrust\u00a0each<\/li>\n\t<li><b>Maximum speed:<\/b>\u00a0760 km\/h (472 mph)<\/li>\n\t<li><b>Cruising speed:<\/b>\u00a0640 km\/h (398 mph)<\/li>\n\t<li><b>Range:<\/b>\u00a02,450 km (1,522 miles)<\/li>\n\t<li><b>Service ceiling:<\/b>\u00a08,000-10,000 m (26,247-32,808 ft)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #252525\">Bartini, in joint collaboration with the\u00a0<\/span>Beriev Design Bureau<span style=\"color: #252525\">\u00a0intended to develop the prototype VVA-14 in three phases. The\u00a0<\/span><b style=\"color: #252525\">VVA-14M1<\/b><span style=\"color: #252525\">\u00a0was to be an aerodynamics and technology test-bed, initially with rigid and robust\u00a0pontoons on the ends of the central wing section, and later with these replaced by inflatable pontoons. In 1974 the inflatable pontoons were installed, though their operation caused many problems. Flotation and water taxi tests followed, culminating in the start of flight testing of the amphibious aircraft on 11 June 1975. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #252525\">The\u00a0<\/span><b style=\"color: #252525\">VVA-14M2<\/b><span style=\"color: #252525\">\u00a0was to be more advanced, with two starting engines to blast into the cavity under the wing to give lift and later with a battery of lift engines to give VTOL capability, and with\u00a0<\/span>fly-by-wire flight controls<span style=\"color: #252525\">. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #252525\">The\u00a0<\/span><b style=\"color: #252525\">VVA-14M3<\/b><span style=\"color: #252525\">\u00a0would see the VTOL vehicle fully equipped with armament and with the Burevestnik computerised ASW (<\/span>anti-submarine warfare<span style=\"color: #252525\">) system, Bor-1 MAD (<\/span>magnetic anomaly detector<span style=\"color: #252525\">) and other operational equipment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #252525;text-align: justify\">In 1974 the inflatable pontoons were installed, though their operation caused many problems. Flotation and water taxi tests followed, culminating in the start of flight testing of the amphibious aircraft on 11 June 1975.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #252525;text-align: justify\">After Bartini's death in 1974, the project began to slow down gradually\u00a0and eventually drew to a complete stop, after years of getting faded out, the aircraft having conducted 107 flights, with a total flight time of 103 hours. The only remaining VVA-14, No. 19172, was retired to the\u00a0Russian Federation Central Air Force Museum, Monino in 1987. The aircraft still resides at the museum in a dismantled state, where it carries the number '10687' and 'Aeroflot'.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #252525;text-align: justify\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/03\/Bartini-Beriev-VVA-14-Monino.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-2522\" src=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/03\/Bartini-Beriev-VVA-14-Monino.jpg\" alt=\"Bartini-Beriev-VVA-14-Monino\" width=\"640\" height=\"350\" srcset=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/03\/Bartini-Beriev-VVA-14-Monino.jpg 640w, https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/03\/Bartini-Beriev-VVA-14-Monino-300x164.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #252525;text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000000\">The VVA-14 first flight was held on September 4, 1972. It was tested by pilot Yu. Kupriyanov and navigator L. Kusnetsov. In 1975 the test program was completed, the plane performed 107 flights with a total flight time 103 hours.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;text-align: justify\">The plane's all round\u00a0metal airframe comprises a fuselage, middle portions of central wing, two side sections with floats, torsion-box central wing, two removable wing portions, tail, cruising engines' nacelles over fuselage.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;text-align: justify\">The side sections are intended to fix horizontal and vertical tail, floats and main units of tricycle wheeled landing gear. The removable wing portions have slats, slotted flaps, and ailerons. The tail is provided with elevators and rudders.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;text-align: justify\">Above the evolution speed, the plane is controlled with aerodynamic control surfaces. During vertical takeoff and landing as well as during transient process, the plane is controlled with jet vanes. The plane control system includes the SAU-M automatic control system.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;text-align: justify\">Design, test and production of a LG pneumatic retractable floats was a complicated problem. It was solved only two years after the first plane's flight.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;text-align: justify\">The powerplant comprises two cruising D-30M bypass turbojet engines designed by P. Solovyov and 12 lift RD-36-35PR turbofan engines designed by P.Kolesov as well as TA-6A turbo generator - an auxiliary airborne unit. There are fuel (15,500 kg of fuel capacity), deicing, and fire extinguishing systems.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000;text-align: justify\">The \"Burevestnik\" search-and-aim system was especially developed to let the crew detect, track, and destroy hostile submarines with high accuracy. The \"Bor-1\" airborne search magnitometer, radio sonobuoys and weapons automatic release mechanism, flight-and-navigation system operate jointly with this search-and-aim system. Crew members (a pilot, navigator and operator) are accommodated in ejection cockpit capsule that provide the possibility to save the crew in all flight attitudes and to stay for long time in it after landing to the ground or water. The third copy of the plane is supposed to use for the ejection cockpit capsule testing.<\/p>\nAdditional Reading \u2013\n<ul>\n\t<li>Read about the strangest and weirdest\u00a0<a title=\"Strangest and weirdest planes on earth\" href=\"https:\/\/www.migflug.com\/afterburner\/strangest-and-weirdest-planes-on-earth.html\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a>!<\/li>\n\t<li>Fighter Jets in comparison right\u00a0<a title=\"Fighter Jets in Comparison\" href=\"https:\/\/www.migflug.com\/afterburner\/fighter-jets-in-comparison.html\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a>!<\/li>\n\t<li>How they built the\u00a0<a title=\"How they built the SR71 Blackbird\" href=\"https:\/\/www.migflug.com\/afterburner\/how-they-built-the-sr71-blackbird.html\" target=\"_blank\">SR-71<\/a>, one of the most interesting facts!<\/li>\n\t<li>Some of the best\u00a0<a title=\"A pilot\u2019s temptation of buzzing photographers\" href=\"https:\/\/www.migflug.com\/afterburner\/a-pilots-temptation-of-buzzing-photographers.html\">low landings<\/a> ever seen<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nSources \u2013\n<ul>\n\t<li>wikipedia.org<\/li>\n\t<li>g1886.com<\/li>\n\t<li>testpilot.ru<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nAuthor \u2013 Jake Meilak\n\n<!-- mf-faq -->\n\n<div class=\"mf-faq-block\"><style>.mf-faq-block{margin:34px 0}.mf-faq-item:not([open]) .mf-faq-answer{display:none !important}.mf-faq-block h2.mf-faq-h{padding-top:22px;margin-bottom:14px}.mf-faq-item{border:1px solid #e2e8f5;border-radius:8px;margin:0 0 10px;background:#fff}.mf-faq-item summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;padding:15px 50px 15px 18px;font-weight:600;color:#1a1a1a;position:relative;line-height:1.45;user-select:none}.mf-faq-item summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.mf-faq-item summary::after{content:\"+\";position:absolute;right:18px;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);font-size:1.5em;font-weight:400;color:#5C91FF;line-height:1}.mf-faq-item[open] summary::after{content:\"\\2013\"}.mf-faq-item[open] summary{border-bottom:1px solid #eef1f8}.mf-faq-item 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Its name stands for vertical take-off amphibious aircraft. It was designed to take off from water, fly at high speed and high altitude over long distances, and also skim efficiently just above the sea surface using ground effect \u2014 one of the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/the-craziest-soviet-machines\/\">strangest machines the USSR ever built<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"mf-faq-item\"><summary>Who designed the VVA-14?<\/summary><div class=\"mf-faq-answer\"><p>The VVA-14 was designed by Robert Bartini, an inventive Italian-born Soviet aircraft designer, working with the Beriev Design Bureau. Bartini was known for unconventional ideas, and the VVA-14 reflected his ambition to merge an aircraft, a seaplane and a ground-effect vehicle into a single machine.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"mf-faq-item\"><summary>What was the VVA-14 designed to do?<\/summary><div class=\"mf-faq-answer\"><p>The VVA-14 was conceived as a sub-hunter. The Soviets wanted an aircraft able to find and destroy United States Navy Polaris missile submarines. Later planned versions were to carry an anti-submarine warfare system and a magnetic anomaly detector \u2014 the same kind of mission flown for decades by the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/p-3-orion-submarine-hunter-60-years-retirement\/\">Lockheed P-3 Orion<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"mf-faq-item\"><summary>How does a ground-effect vehicle fly?<\/summary><div class=\"mf-faq-answer\"><p>A ground-effect vehicle flies just a few metres above water or flat ground, riding on a cushion of high-pressure air trapped between its wings and the surface. This greatly reduces drag and boosts efficiency. The Soviets explored the idea most famously with the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/caspian-sea-monster-ekranoplan\/\">Caspian Sea Monster ekranoplan<\/a>, and the VVA-14 was meant to use the same effect.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"mf-faq-item\"><summary>When did the VVA-14 first fly?<\/summary><div class=\"mf-faq-answer\"><p>The first VVA-14 prototype was completed in 1972 and made its first flight from a conventional runway on 4 September 1972. Inflatable pontoons were fitted in 1974 but caused many problems, and flight testing of the amphibious version began on 11 June 1975.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"mf-faq-item\"><summary>How big was the VVA-14?<\/summary><div class=\"mf-faq-answer\"><p>The VVA-14 was a large aircraft: about 25.97 metres long with a 30-metre wingspan and a gross weight of roughly 52,000 kg. It was powered by two D-30M turbofans, reached a maximum speed of about 760 km\/h and had a range of around 2,450 km \u2014 yet needed a crew of only three.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details class=\"mf-faq-item\"><summary>Why was the VVA-14 never put into service?<\/summary><div class=\"mf-faq-answer\"><p>The program ran into persistent technical trouble, especially with the inflatable pontoons and the complex vertical take-off systems that were never fully realised. The planned advanced versions with lift engines and full anti-submarine equipment were not completed, and the ambitious project was eventually abandoned.<\/p><\/div><\/details><\/div>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What was the Bartini Beriev VVA-14?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The Bartini Beriev VVA-14 was an experimental Soviet aircraft developed in the 1970s. Its name stands for vertical take-off amphibious aircraft. It was designed to take off from water, fly at high speed and high altitude over long distances, and also skim efficiently just above the sea surface using ground effect \u2014 one of the <a href=\\\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/the-craziest-soviet-machines\/\\\">strangest machines the USSR ever built<\/a>.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Who designed the VVA-14?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The VVA-14 was designed by Robert Bartini, an inventive Italian-born Soviet aircraft designer, working with the Beriev Design Bureau. Bartini was known for unconventional ideas, and the VVA-14 reflected his ambition to merge an aircraft, a seaplane and a ground-effect vehicle into a single machine.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What was the VVA-14 designed to do?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The VVA-14 was conceived as a sub-hunter. The Soviets wanted an aircraft able to find and destroy United States Navy Polaris missile submarines. Later planned versions were to carry an anti-submarine warfare system and a magnetic anomaly detector \u2014 the same kind of mission flown for decades by the <a href=\\\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/p-3-orion-submarine-hunter-60-years-retirement\/\\\">Lockheed P-3 Orion<\/a>.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"How does a ground-effect vehicle fly?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"A ground-effect vehicle flies just a few metres above water or flat ground, riding on a cushion of high-pressure air trapped between its wings and the surface. This greatly reduces drag and boosts efficiency. The Soviets explored the idea most famously with the <a href=\\\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/caspian-sea-monster-ekranoplan\/\\\">Caspian Sea Monster ekranoplan<\/a>, and the VVA-14 was meant to use the same effect.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"When did the VVA-14 first fly?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The first VVA-14 prototype was completed in 1972 and made its first flight from a conventional runway on 4 September 1972. Inflatable pontoons were fitted in 1974 but caused many problems, and flight testing of the amphibious version began on 11 June 1975.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"How big was the VVA-14?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The VVA-14 was a large aircraft: about 25.97 metres long with a 30-metre wingspan and a gross weight of roughly 52,000 kg. It was powered by two D-30M turbofans, reached a maximum speed of about 760 km\/h and had a range of around 2,450 km \u2014 yet needed a crew of only three.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Why was the VVA-14 never put into service?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The program ran into persistent technical trouble, especially with the inflatable pontoons and the complex vertical take-off systems that were never fully realised. The planned advanced versions with lift engines and full anti-submarine equipment were not completed, and the ambitious project was eventually abandoned.\"}}]}<\/script><!-- \/mf-faq -->\n<!-- mfsh:bottom -->\n\n<button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-trigger mfsh-bottom\" data-mfsh-placement=\"bottom\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\"><svg><use href=\"#mfsh-i-share\"\/><\/svg>Share this story<\/button>\n\n<!-- \/mfsh:bottom -->\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Throughout the Cold War the Soviet Union and the United States were constantly trying to check each other&#8217;s military power. This drive for each country to outdo the other led to some truly bizarre pieces of military hardware.\u00a0The\u00a0Bartini Beriev VVA-14\u00a0Vertikal`no-Vzletayuschaya Amphibia (vertical take-off amphibious aircraft) was developed in the Soviet Union during the 1970s. Designed [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2520,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,666,664],"tags":[89,124,131],"class_list":["post-2519","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bomber-aircrafts","category-history-and-legends","category-military-aviation","tag-beriev","tag-cold-war","tag-cool-aircraft"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Bartini Beriev VVA-14: The Weirdest Soviet Aircraft | Afterburner - MiGFlug&#039;s Magazine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Bartini Beriev VVA-14 was a bizarre Soviet vertical take-off amphibious aircraft from the 1970s. 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