{"id":24134,"date":"2026-09-20T12:49:39","date_gmt":"2026-09-20T10:49:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/?page_id=24134"},"modified":"2026-09-25T10:24:12","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T08:24:12","slug":"rivolto","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/nl\/air-bases\/rivolto\/","title":{"rendered":"Luchtmachtbasis Rivolto"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>body.page-id-24134 h1.entry-title.main_title{display:none} body.page-id-24134 #main-content .container{padding-top:0} body.page-id-24134 #left-area{padding-bottom:0} body.page-id-24134{overflow-x:hidden} body.page-id-24134 #sidebar{display:none} body.page-id-24134 #left-area{width:100%!important;float:none;padding:0} body.page-id-24134 #main-content .container::before{display:none!important;background:none!important} html{overflow-x:hidden} #mfam{width:100vw;margin-left:calc(50% - 50vw);background:#fff;color:#14181f;line-height:1.7;font-family:'Gilroy 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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero photo\">\n<div class=\"heroimg ph1\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/italian-air-force\/\">Italian Air Force<\/a> &middot; Air base<\/div>\n<h1>Rivolto Air Base<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">Aeroporto militare &quot;Mario Visintini&quot;, Rivolto<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">Active (Frecce Tricolori and the national missile wing)<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>LIPI<\/b><span>ICAO<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>2,550 m<\/b><span>Runway<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1940<\/b><span>Opened<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>Active<\/b><span>Status<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"photocred\">Photo: U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Heather Ley \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain)<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Operator<\/b>Italian Air Force<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Region<\/b>Friuli-Venezia Giulia<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Elevation<\/b>55 m<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Coordinates<\/b>45.9787 N, 13.0493 E<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>Rivolto Air Base: what it was built for and what flies there now<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<p>Rivolto sits on the Friulian plain about twenty kilometres south-west of Udine, in a frazione of the comune of Codroipo, and is named after Mario Visintini &mdash; the Regia Aeronautica&rsquo;s first ace, the highest-scoring fighter pilot of any air force in the East African campaign and the most successful biplane fighter ace of the Second World War. The airfield is closed to civil traffic, has a single runway on 06\/24, and carries a World Meteorological Organisation weather station.<\/p>\n<p>To Italians it means one thing. Since 1 March 1961 Rivolto has been the home of the Pattuglia Acrobatica Nazionale, formally the 313&deg; Gruppo Addestramento Acrobatico, universally the Frecce Tricolori. The choice of field was not accidental: Rivolto is a few minutes&rsquo; flying from Campoformido, where Colonel Rino Corso Fougier had built Italy&rsquo;s first formation-aerobatics school around the 1&deg; Stormo in the late 1920s and had put as many as twenty aircraft into the air together. The air force wanted the new national team to stand in that line.<\/p>\n<p>The team has flown three aircraft in sixty-five years &mdash; the North American F-86E Sabre, the Fiat G.91PAN and, since 1982, the Aermacchi MB-339A\/PAN &mdash; and it flies ten of them, nine in formation and one solo, which is more than any other military display team in the world. That is the fact people come to Rivolto for, and it is also the fact that makes the base inseparable from the worst accident in the history of air displays, at Ramstein on 28 August 1988, in which seventy people died.<\/p>\n<p>Rivolto is not only a display base. It is the seat of the 2&deg; Stormo &quot;Mario D&rsquo;Agostini&quot;, the air force&rsquo;s surface-to-air missile wing, which since 2011 has made the field the national reference point for ground-based air defence with the Spada system; batteries from Rivolto have covered the 2001 Genoa G8, the funeral of John Paul II in 2005 and the 2011 Libyan crisis. Since January 2016 the base has also opened at night for the organ-transplant flights of the Udine university hospital.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"sat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Satellite<\/div>\n<h2>Rivolto from above<\/h2>\n<div class=\"satfig\" id=\"satfig\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Enlarge the satellite view\">\n<div class=\"satimg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Rivolto Air Base seen from above\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"satzoom\">Click to enlarge<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"satcap\"><b>One runway, 2,550 m of asphalt.<\/b><span>Imagery: Esri, Maxar, Earthstar Geographics and the GIS user community<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"satlb\" id=\"satlb\"><span class=\"satlbx\">Close<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"satbig\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Rivolto Air Base seen from above, enlarged\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<style>#mfam .satimg{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=13.00847,45.96553,13.09013,45.99187\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=1600,743\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}#mfam .satbig{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=13.01092,45.96092,13.08768,45.99648\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=2048,1365\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}@media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=13.03035,45.96553,13.06825,45.99187\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=760,760\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}}<\/style>\n<div id=\"sat-data\" data-js=\"KGZ1bmN0aW9uKCl7IHZhciBmPWRvY3VtZW50LmdldEVsZW1lbnRCeUlkKCdzYXRmaWcnKSwgYj1kb2N1bWVudC5nZXRFbGVtZW50QnlJZCgnc2F0bGInKTsgaWYoIWZ8fCFiKSByZXR1cm47IGZ1bmN0aW9uIG9wZW4oKXsgYi5jbGFzc0xpc3QuYWRkKCdvbicpOyBkb2N1bWVudC5ib2R5LnN0eWxlLm92ZXJmbG93PSdoaWRkZW4nOyB9IGZ1bmN0aW9uIHNodXQoKXsgYi5jbGFzc0xpc3QucmVtb3ZlKCdvbicpOyBkb2N1bWVudC5ib2R5LnN0eWxlLm92ZXJmbG93PScnOyB9IGYuYWRkRXZlbnRMaXN0ZW5lcignY2xpY2snLCBvcGVuKTsgZi5hZGRFdmVudExpc3RlbmVyKCdrZXlkb3duJywgZnVuY3Rpb24oZSl7IGlmKGUua2V5PT09J0VudGVyJ3x8ZS5rZXk9PT0nICcpeyBlLnByZXZlbnREZWZhdWx0KCk7IG9wZW4oKTsgfSB9KTsgYi5hZGRFdmVudExpc3RlbmVyKCdjbGljaycsIHNodXQpOyBkb2N1bWVudC5hZGRFdmVudExpc3RlbmVyKCdrZXlkb3duJywgZnVuY3Rpb24oZSl7IGlmKGUua2V5PT09J0VzY2FwZScpIHNodXQoKTsgfSk7IH0pKCk7\"><\/div>\n<p><script>(function(){var el=document.getElementById(\"sat-data\");var js=decodeURIComponent(escape(atob(el.getAttribute(\"data-js\"))));var sc=document.createElement(\"script\");sc.text=js;document.body.appendChild(sc);})();<\/script><section class=\"pqband\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"pqrow\">\n<figure class=\"pq\">\n<blockquote><p>On behalf of all Italian Airmen, I do express the deepest sympathy to all those who have lost a loved one and to all those whose body and soul had to suffer from horrible and painful wounds.<\/blockquote><figcaption><b>Claudio Gabellini<\/b><span>Major General, Senior Italian Officer and Chief of Staff at Headquarters NATO Allied Air Command, at the thirtieth anniversary commemoration at Ramstein, 28 August 2018<\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/ac.nato.int\/archive\/2018\/ramstein-air-base-commemorates-victims-of-airshow-tragedy.aspx\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NATO Allied Air Command<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"pq\">\n<blockquote><p>an abnormal separation of the formation during the &lsquo;cardioid&rsquo; maneuver required the interruption of the aerobatic program<\/blockquote><figcaption><b>Aeronautica Militare<\/b><span>official Italian Air Force statement on the collision of three Frecce Tricolori MB-339s at Pantelleria, 6 May 2025<\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/theaviationist.com\/2025\/05\/06\/frecce-tricolori-pantelleria\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Aviationist, 6 May 2025<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>Rivolto Air Base in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Location &amp; codes<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>ICAO<\/dt>\n<dd>LIPI<\/dd>\n<dt>Country<\/dt>\n<dd>Italy<\/dd>\n<dt>Region<\/dt>\n<dd>Friuli-Venezia Giulia<\/dd>\n<dt>Coordinates<\/dt>\n<dd>45.9787 N, 13.0493 E<\/dd>\n<dt>Elevation<\/dt>\n<dd>55 m <span class=\"imp\">(180 ft)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Usage<\/dt>\n<dd>Military<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Runways &amp; facilities<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Runways<\/dt>\n<dd>1<\/dd>\n<dt>Designator<\/dt>\n<dd>06\/24<\/dd>\n<dt>Length<\/dt>\n<dd>2,550 m <span class=\"imp\">(8,366 ft)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Surface<\/dt>\n<dd>Asphalt<\/dd>\n<dt>Quick Reaction Alert<\/dt>\n<dd>None<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Command &amp; status<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Status<\/dt>\n<dd>Active<span class=\"gnote\">Frecce Tricolori and the national missile wing<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Operator<\/dt>\n<dd>Italian Air Force<\/dd>\n<dt>Opened<\/dt>\n<dd>1940<\/dd>\n<dt>Military use ended<\/dt>\n<dd>&mdash;<\/dd>\n<dt>Command<\/dt>\n<dd>2&#176; Stormo &quot;Mario D&rsquo;Agostini&quot; and 313&#176; Gruppo Addestramento Acrobatico<\/dd>\n<dt>Resident units<\/dt>\n<dd>3 current, 1 former<\/dd>\n<dt>Based types<\/dt>\n<dd>2<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"units\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Resident units<\/div>\n<h2>Who flies from Rivolto Air Base<\/h2>\n<div class=\"oob\">\n<div><span>Current<\/span><em>3 units<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>313&#176; Gruppo Addestramento Acrobatico<small>Frecce Tricolori &middot; National aerobatic team &middot; regular &middot; from 1961<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/aermacchi-mb-339\/\">Aermacchi MB-339A-PAN<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Gruppo Missili<small>Surface-to-air missile squadron &middot; regular<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Spada 2000 with Aspide missiles<\/dd>\n<dt>80&#176; Gruppo OCU<small>Missile systems conversion squadron &middot; regular<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>&mdash;<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<div><span>Former<\/span><em>1 units<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt class=\"was\">14&#176; Gruppo<small>&mdash; &middot; Left Rivolto in 2004.<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/amx-international\/\" class=\"was\">AMX International AMX<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Aircraft types based here<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/aermacchi-mb-339\/\">Aermacchi MB-339A-PAN<\/a>, Spada 2000 with Aspide missiles, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/amx-international\/\" class=\"was\">AMX International AMX<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"knownfor\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Claim to fame<\/div>\n<h2>What Rivolto is known for<\/h2>\n<div class=\"kfgrid\">\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">01<\/div>\n<h3>Home of the Frecce Tricolori<\/h3>\n<p>The Italian national aerobatic team has lived here since the day it was created, and Rivolto has been its only base.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">The 313&deg; Gruppo Addestramento Acrobatico was formed at Rivolto on 1 March 1961 under Major Mario Squarcina; its first public display was flown on 1 May 1961 over Trento-Gardolo with a four-plus-one F-86 formation.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">02<\/div>\n<h3>Ten aircraft, which is the record<\/h3>\n<p>Nine jets fly the formation and a tenth flies alone against it. No other military display team in the world puts that many aircraft up at once.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">Guinness World Records recognised the Frecce Tricolori for the record set at Rimini on 18 June 2022 &mdash; the military aerobatic display team with the most jet aircraft, ten. The certificate was presented during the air force&rsquo;s centenary in Rome in March 2023.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">03<\/div>\n<h3>Ramstein, 28 August 1988<\/h3>\n<p>Three of the team&rsquo;s aircraft collided over the American base at Ramstein and one fell into the crowd. It remains the deadliest air display accident in Europe, and was the deadliest anywhere until Sknyliv in 2002.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">Seventy people died &mdash; sixty-seven on the ground and the three Italian pilots &mdash; thirty-one of them on impact and the rest of their injuries in the following weeks; around 500 were injured.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">04<\/div>\n<h3>The tricolour smoke<\/h3>\n<p>The green, white and red smoke is not a gimmick added later; it was built into the team from the beginning and is still mixed on the base.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">The three-colour system was designed in 1961 by Captain Angelo Luca Nardella; since the 1990s the closing manoeuvre has drawn a flag roughly five kilometres long.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">05<\/div>\n<h3>The national missile wing<\/h3>\n<p>Behind the display hangars sits the unglamorous half of the base: Italy&rsquo;s ground-based air defence school and its deployable missile batteries.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">The 2&deg; Stormo has been the air force&rsquo;s national reference for ground-based air defence at Rivolto since 2011, operating the Spada 2000 system with Aspide missiles.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">06<\/div>\n<h3>Open at night for transplants<\/h3>\n<p>A military field with no civil traffic keeps its lights on after dark for one civilian reason: organ-transplant aircraft for the regional transplant centre.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">Rivolto has opened at night for the Udine university hospital&rsquo;s transplant flights since January 2016; sixteen lives were credited to the arrangement in 2016 alone.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"deep\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Go deeper<\/div>\n<h2>The long version<\/h2>\n<div class=\"deep\">\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">01<\/span><span>Why the national team ended up in Friuli<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>Italian formation aerobatics did not begin in 1961. It began at Campoformido, outside Udine, in the late 1920s, when Colonel Rino Corso Fougier ran the 1&deg; Stormo Caccia and built a school around the idea that fighter pilots should fly tied together. At its most extravagant he had twenty aircraft in the air in one formation. Rivolto is a few minutes&rsquo; flying from that field, and when the air force decided to stop letting every wing run its own display team it put the new national unit here deliberately, to inherit that address.<\/p>\n<p>The teams it replaced were good and they were a problem. Through the 1950s the Cavallino Rampante of the 4&amp;ordf; Aerobrigata flew Vampires and then Sabres, the Getti Tonanti of the 5&amp;ordf; flew F-84Gs, the Tigri Bianche and the Lancieri Neri flew Sabres for the 51&amp;ordf; and 2&amp;ordf;, and the Diavoli Rossi of the 6&amp;ordf; flew F-84F Thunderstreaks. Five wings were each carrying the cost, the training burden and the risk of a display team, and none of them could be the national one.<\/p>\n<p>On 1 March 1961 the 313&deg; Gruppo Addestramento Acrobatico was constituted at Rivolto and Major Mario Squarcina, who had led the Diavoli Rossi, was told to build one team out of the survivors of five. It began with six F-86E Sabres. The first public display was flown on 1 May 1961 over Trento-Gardolo, a four-plus-one formation, and the name Frecce Tricolori followed the smoke rather than the other way round.<\/p>\n<p>The cost of learning showed immediately. On 3 May 1961, two days after that first display, two of the new team&rsquo;s aircraft collided in training at Rivolto and a pilot was killed. The base has never been a museum piece: it is a working training field where the same figures are flown several times a day from March to October, and the accident record over sixty-five years reflects that.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">02<\/span><span>Ten aeroplanes, and why it is ten<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>The Frecce Tricolori fly nine aircraft in formation and one alone. The soloist, Pony 10, flies opposition &mdash; rolls, Schneider loops, inverted passes &mdash; while the nine hold the set pieces, and the two halves of the display are built to cross. The configuration settled in 1963 and has not changed since, which makes it the largest permanent display formation of any air force in the world; Guinness World Records put a certificate on that on 26 March 2023.<\/p>\n<p>The call signs are &quot;Pony&quot;, which is not a joke about size. It is a reference to the prancing horse of Francesco Baracca, worn by the 4&amp;ordm; Stormo, whose Cavallino Rampante team was one of the five the Frecce replaced. The commander flies as Pony 0, the formation leader as Pony 1, and the soloist as Pony 10.<\/p>\n<p>Three aircraft have carried the team. Six F-86E Sabres from 1961 to 1963; the Fiat G.91PAN, a purpose-modified version of the Italian light fighter, from the 1963&ndash;64 conversion until the 1981 season; and the Aermacchi MB-339A\/PAN from 1982 to the present, later brought up to a mid-life standard. On 12 September 2024 the air force announced at Istrana that the successor would be the Leonardo M-346, chosen over the smaller M-345 because the lighter aircraft was not judged suitable for large-formation aerobatics. The team will stay at ten.<\/p>\n<p>The smoke was there from the start. Captain Angelo Luca Nardella designed a system in 1961 that fed dyed mineral oil into the exhaust and could produce all three national colours from one aircraft. The wingtip tanks came off for aerobatic reasons and the oil was moved into mixed underwing tanks carrying both smoke fluid and fuel. Since the 1990s the closing figure has drawn a tricolour roughly five kilometres long, usually over the music.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">03<\/span><span>Ramstein, 28 August 1988<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>At about 15:44 on Sunday 28 August 1988, in front of a crowd variously estimated at 30,000 and 300,000 at the American air base at Ramstein in the Rhineland-Palatinate, the Frecce Tricolori were flying the cardioide: nine aircraft split into two groups trace a heart in coloured smoke along the display line and the soloist crosses through the point where they meet, several hundred feet above them.<\/p>\n<p>The soloist, Lieutenant Colonel Ivo Nutarelli, did not arrive where he was supposed to. His load factor fell away during the set-up, his climbing path straightened, he cut the inverted segment short and came down steeper and faster than the figure allowed. At roughly 33 metres his tailplane destroyed the cockpit of the number two aircraft, flown by Captain Giorgio Alessio; a fraction of a second later he struck the leader, Lieutenant Colonel Mario Naldini. Alessio and Naldini were killed in the air. Nutarelli&rsquo;s aircraft, doing something close to 300 knots, went through the barrier and into the crowd, and burning fuel went with it. Naldini&rsquo;s aircraft threw a wing into the UH-60 standing by as the medical evacuation helicopter.<\/p>\n<p>Thirty-one spectators were killed at once. Thirty-six more died of their injuries in the following days and weeks &mdash; which is where the frequently quoted figure of sixty-seven comes from &mdash; and with the three Italian pilots the official total is seventy, recorded when the count was formally closed on 21 November 1988. Among the sixty-seven was Captain Kim Jon Strader of the US Army, the medevac pilot, who died of burns on 17 September. Around 500 people were injured and 336 were taken to hospital on the day. Some German sources add an unborn child and give seventy-one.<\/p>\n<p>The Italian Air Force board of inquiry found that human factors were the principal cause: an error by the soloist both in setting up the manoeuvre and in judging the timing of his corrections. That is the finding, and it has not been overturned. Because Naldini and Nutarelli had flown the TF-104G that squawked an emergency code near the Itavia DC-9 on the night of the Ustica disaster in 1980, and were regarded by the later judicial inquiry as significant witnesses, the crash has attracted conspiracy theories for nearly forty years. No investigation has ever found evidence linking the two events, and the Ramstein finding stands on its own.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">04<\/span><span>What Ramstein changed, across Europe<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>Germany stopped flying displays the next day. The ban was total and it held for three years. When aerobatic displays returned in 1991 they came back under conditions that are now taken for granted across Europe: a mandatory minimum height, a mandatory separation between the display line and the public, no manoeuvre flown over the crowd or pointed at it, and every routine approved in advance rather than agreed on the day.<\/p>\n<p>The German rules went further than most. Displays must be flown parallel to the safety line; for jets the line sits at least 230 metres from the crowd and for tactical demonstrations 350 metres, with a minimum display height of 450 feet for jets. Foreign military jet teams did not display in Germany again until the Patrouille de France appeared at the ILA in 2000, and complex formation breaks &mdash; the family of manoeuvre that killed people at Ramstein &mdash; stayed prohibited until ILA 2012.<\/p>\n<p>The effect was not confined to Germany. NATO asked member nations to review their display manoeuvres and revised the alliance&rsquo;s air display safety standard, STANAG 3533. The principle that opposing or crossing manoeuvres must never be aimed at the crowd line, and that the crossing point must be displaced away from it, is now standard practice in British, French and Italian display regulation. The plain summary is uncomfortable but true: the rules that now exist would have prohibited the manoeuvre that killed those people.<\/p>\n<p>The disaster also rewrote German emergency medicine. Incompatible infusion fittings between German and allied rescue services led to the adoption of the international Luer standard; the role of the Leitender Notarzt, a senior doctor who commands a mass-casualty response instead of treating patients, was established; and the first German victim-support group was set up, which is the ancestor of today&rsquo;s crisis-intervention teams. Ramstein is remembered in Germany at least as much for that as for the aircraft.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">05<\/span><span>The other half of the base<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>Rivolto is the seat of the 2&deg; Stormo &quot;Mario D&rsquo;Agostini&quot;, which is not a flying wing at all. The 2&deg; began as a fighter unit, formed at Turin on 25 December 1925, fought in Africa, flew F-104Gs from Treviso-Sant&rsquo;Angelo and AMXs in the 1990s, moved to Rivolto in 1994, gave up its aircraft in 2002 and converted to the surface-to-air missile role, the 313&#176; Gruppo reverting to autonomous status on 1 July 2007. It is the air force&rsquo;s national reference point for ground-based air defence.<\/p>\n<p>Its Gruppo Missili operates the Spada 2000 point-defence system with Aspide missiles, and the 80&deg; Gruppo OCU trains its crews. The batteries travel: they have covered the Genoa G8 in 2001, the funeral of John Paul II in 2005, and a battery was flown to Trapani-Birgi at short notice during the Libyan crisis in 2011. The 14&deg; Gruppo, the last fast-jet squadron resident at Rivolto, left with its AMXs in 2004.<\/p>\n<p>The base is also a fixture of the Italian calendar in a way few military airfields are. Rivolto has hosted the team&rsquo;s anniversary air shows since the 1960s; the sixtieth, on 18 and 19 September 2021, brought most of Europe&rsquo;s display teams to Friuli. And in the spring of 2020, with the country shut down, the Frecce flew the Giro d&rsquo;Italia: five days from 25 to 29 May over all twenty regional capitals, beginning at Codogno and Milan and finishing over Rome on 2 June.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>Rivolto, year by year<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1961<\/div>\n<p>1 March: the 313&deg; Gruppo Addestramento Acrobatico is constituted at Rivolto under Major Mario Squarcina with six F-86E Sabres.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1961<\/div>\n<p>1 May: first public display, over Trento-Gardolo, with a four-plus-one formation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1963<\/div>\n<p>Conversion to the Fiat G.91PAN begins; the ten-aircraft configuration &mdash; nine plus a soloist &mdash; settles.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1973<\/div>\n<p>2 June: two aircraft collide during the Republic Day flypast over Torvaianica, near Rome; Captain Angelo Gays is killed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1974<\/div>\n<p>March: two aircraft collide near Codroipo, a few kilometres from the base; Sottotenenti Sandro Santilli and Ivano Poffe are killed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1981<\/div>\n<p>2 September: Antonio Gallus, who had survived the 1973 collision, is killed in a flying accident at Rivolto.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1982<\/div>\n<p>The Aermacchi MB-339A\/PAN replaces the G.91PAN after eighteen seasons.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1988<\/div>\n<p>28 August: the Ramstein disaster. Three Frecce Tricolori aircraft collide during the cardioide; seventy people die.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1993<\/div>\n<p>The 2&deg; Stormo moves to Rivolto; in 2002 it gives up its aircraft and the Frecce Tricolori pass under its command.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2004<\/div>\n<p>The 14&deg; Gruppo leaves Rivolto with its AMXs, ending resident fast-jet operations.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2011<\/div>\n<p>Rivolto becomes the national reference point for Italian ground-based air defence with the Spada system.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2016<\/div>\n<p>January: the base begins opening at night for organ-transplant flights for the Udine university hospital.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2020<\/div>\n<p>25&ndash;29 May and 2 June: the Giro d&rsquo;Italia flypast, over all twenty regional capitals, ending over Rome.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2021<\/div>\n<p>18&ndash;19 September: the sixtieth anniversary air show at Rivolto.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2023<\/div>\n<p>26 March: Guinness World Records certifies the team as the military display team with the most jet aircraft.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2023<\/div>\n<p>16 September: a Frecce MB-339 crashes on take-off from Turin-Caselle after a bird strike; a five-year-old girl on the ground is killed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2024<\/div>\n<p>12 September: the Leonardo M-346 is announced at Istrana as the team&rsquo;s next aircraft.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2025<\/div>\n<p>6 May: three aircraft touch during the cardioide at Pantelleria; all three land, one pilot is injured.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"video\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">On film<\/div>\n<h2>Rivolto on film<\/h2>\n<div class=\"vidwrap\">\n<div class=\"vidfr\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/U7W6cIqbzwM\" title=\"60th anniversary of the Frecce Tricolori at Rivolto, day one\" loading=\"lazy\" allow=\"accelerometer; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<div class=\"vidcap\"><b>60th anniversary of the Frecce Tricolori at Rivolto, day one<\/b> Aeronautica Militare, via YouTube.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"incidents\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Incidents &amp; stories<\/div>\n<h2>What happened here<\/h2>\n<div class=\"inc\">\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">3 May 1961<\/div>\n<h3>Two days after the first display<\/h3>\n<p>The Frecce Tricolori flew their first public display on 1 May 1961 over Trento-Gardolo. On 3 May two of the team&rsquo;s F-86Es collided during a training flight at Rivolto and a pilot was killed. It is a blunt opening to the record and worth keeping in view: the base is a working aerobatic training field, not a showground, and the team flies the same figures over its own runway several times a day through a season that runs from spring to autumn.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Frecce_Tricolori\">Wikipedia: Frecce Tricolori<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">2 June 1973<\/div>\n<h3>Torvaianica<\/h3>\n<p>During the Republic Day flypast near Rome, the aircraft of Captain Angelo Gays collided with that of Antonio Gallus over Torvaianica. Gays was killed instantly; Gallus was injured and survived. Gallus returned to flying and was himself killed in an accident at Rivolto on 2 September 1981. Republic Day remains the team&rsquo;s most public fixture &mdash; the flypast over the Altare della Patria in Rome on 2 June &mdash; and it is flown to a timing that allows no second attempt.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tgcom24.mediaset.it\/cronaca\/ramstein-incidenti-frecce-troclori_69961211-202302k.shtml\">TGCOM24<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">March 1974<\/div>\n<h3>Two lost within sight of the base<\/h3>\n<p>Two Frecce Tricolori aircraft collided in flight near Codroipo, a few kilometres from Rivolto, killing Sottotenente Sandro Santilli, aged 29, and Sottotenente Ivano Poffe, aged 28. Both were early-career pilots. Italian coverage of the team&rsquo;s accident record generally treats the mid-1970s as its worst training period, before the move to the MB-339 and the tightening of training rules that followed Ramstein.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tgcom24.mediaset.it\/cronaca\/ramstein-incidenti-frecce-troclori_69961211-202302k.shtml\">TGCOM24<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">28 August 1988<\/div>\n<h3>Ramstein<\/h3>\n<p>During the cardioide at the American base at Ramstein, the soloist arrived at the crossing point early and low, struck the number two and then the leader, and went into a crowd of about 300,000 at close to 300 knots with burning fuel. Thirty-one spectators died at once and the rest of their injuries in the days and weeks that followed; with the three pilots &mdash; Lieutenant Colonel Mario Naldini, Captain Giorgio Alessio and Lieutenant Colonel Ivo Nutarelli &mdash; the official total of seventy was recorded when the count closed on 21 November 1988. Around 500 were injured. The Italian board of inquiry found the principal cause to be an error by the soloist in setting up the manoeuvre and in timing his corrections.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/ramstein-1988-airshow-disaster-display-rules\/\">MiGFlug Afterburner<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">16 September 2023<\/div>\n<h3>Turin-Caselle<\/h3>\n<p>A Frecce Tricolori MB-339, Pony 4, flown by Major Oscar Del D&amp;ograve;, suffered an engine failure shortly after take-off from Turin-Caselle during preparations for an air show. The pilot ejected and survived; the aircraft came down on a road beside the airport and struck a car. A five-year-old girl in the car was killed and her parents and twelve-year-old brother were injured. It is the only fatality among the uninvolved public caused by the team in Italy, and it reopened the argument in Italy about display flying over built-up ground.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2023_National_Aerobatic_Team_Aermacchi_MB-339_crash\">Wikipedia: 2023 National Aerobatic Team Aermacchi MB-339 crash<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">6 May 2025<\/div>\n<h3>Pantelleria<\/h3>\n<p>During a training flight for the Pantelleria air show, three MB-339s &mdash; aircraft 6, 8 and 9 &mdash; touched in the air. The air force stated that an abnormal separation of the formation during the cardioide required the display programme to be interrupted. Aircraft 6 and 9 took serious tail damage; aircraft 8 left the runway on landing after a nosewheel control problem. One pilot was taken to hospital with a suspected fractured leg and nobody on the ground was hurt. That it was the same figure as Ramstein was not lost on anyone.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/theaviationist.com\/2025\/05\/06\/frecce-tricolori-pantelleria\/\">The Aviationist<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">25 May to 2 June 2020<\/div>\n<h3>The Giro d&rsquo;Italia<\/h3>\n<p>With Italy under pandemic restrictions, the Frecce Tricolori flew from Rivolto over all twenty regional capitals in five days, beginning on 25 May at Trento, Codogno, Milan, Aosta and Turin and finishing over the Altare della Patria in Rome on 2 June, the 74th anniversary of the Republic. Codogno was the first Italian town placed under lockdown. It was the largest single national tasking the team has ever flown and it was flown to empty streets, which is a strange thing for a display team to do and the reason people remember it.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aviation-report.com\/festa-della-repubblica-dal-25-maggio-2020-frecce-tricolori-sorvoleranno-capoluoghi-regione\/\">Aviation Report<\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"map\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Location<\/div>\n<h2>Rivolto Air Base and its neighbours<\/h2>\n<div class=\"mapframe\">\n<div id=\"oobmap\" class=\"oobmap\" style=\"height:440px\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"legend\"><span><i class=\"dot\"><\/i> Active air base<\/span><span><i class=\"dot was\"><\/i> Closed or reserve<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"nearbytbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Nearby base<\/th>\n<th>ICAO<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Based types<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr data-base=\"istrana\">\n<td>Istrana Air Base<\/td>\n<td>LIPS<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Eurofighter F-2000A Typhoon, AMX International A-11B Ghibli<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"treviso-sant-angelo\">\n<td>Treviso-Sant&rsquo;Angelo<\/td>\n<td>LIPH<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td>&mdash;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"aviano\">\n<td>Aviano Air Base<\/td>\n<td>LIPA<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td>General Dynamics F-16C\/D Fighting Falcon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about Rivolto Air Base<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>What is Rivolto Air Base known for?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Rivolto is the home of the Frecce Tricolori, the Italian national aerobatic team, and has been since the team was formed there on 1 March 1961. It is the only base the team has ever had. Rivolto is also the seat of the 2&deg; Stormo, the Italian Air Force&rsquo;s surface-to-air missile wing and its national reference point for ground-based air defence since 2011.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why do the Frecce Tricolori fly ten aircraft?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Nine aircraft fly the formation and a tenth flies as the soloist, Pony 10, providing opposition and crossing manoeuvres against the group. The configuration settled in 1963 and has never changed, and it makes the Frecce the largest permanent military display formation in the world. Guinness World Records certified that on 26 March 2023.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What happened at Ramstein on 28 August 1988?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">While flying the cardioide, or pierced heart, the team&rsquo;s soloist arrived at the crossing point early and too low, struck the number two aircraft and then the leader, and crashed into the spectator area with burning fuel. The Italian Air Force board of inquiry found the principal cause to be an error by the soloist in setting up the manoeuvre and in judging the timing of his corrections.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How many people died at Ramstein?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Seventy. Thirty-one spectators were killed immediately and thirty-six more died of their injuries in the following days and weeks, which gives the sixty-seven usually quoted as spectators; the three Italian pilots make seventy. The count was formally closed on 21 November 1988. Around 500 people were injured and 336 were hospitalised on the day. Some German accounts add an unborn child and give seventy-one.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Who were the three pilots killed at Ramstein?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Lieutenant Colonel Mario Naldini, who was leading the formation as Pony 1; Captain Giorgio Alessio, flying as Pony 2; and Lieutenant Colonel Ivo Nutarelli, the soloist, Pony 10. Captain Kim Jon Strader of the US Army, the pilot of the medical evacuation helicopter struck by wreckage, died of burns on 17 September 1988 and is counted among the sixty-seven.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What aircraft do the Frecce Tricolori fly?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The Aermacchi MB-339A\/PAN, in service with the team since 1982. Before that they flew six North American F-86E Sabres from 1961 to 1963 and the Fiat G.91PAN from the 1963&ndash;64 conversion to the 1981 season. On 12 September 2024 the Italian Air Force announced that the Leonardo M-346 will replace the MB-339, with the formation staying at ten aircraft.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why are the Frecce Tricolori based at Rivolto and not somewhere more central?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Because of Campoformido, a few minutes&rsquo; flying away, where Colonel Rino Corso Fougier built Italy&rsquo;s first formation-aerobatics school around the 1&deg; Stormo in the late 1920s. When the air force consolidated five separate wing display teams into one national unit in 1961, it deliberately placed it in that corner of Friuli to inherit the lineage.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Can you visit Rivolto Air Base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Not routinely &mdash; it is an operational military airfield closed to civil traffic. The base does open for the team&rsquo;s anniversary air shows, which are among the largest public aviation events in Italy; the sixtieth anniversary show was held at Rivolto on 18 and 19 September 2021 with most of Europe&rsquo;s national display teams present.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is Rivolto Air Base still an active military air base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. Active (Frecce Tricolori and the national missile wing). The Italian Air Force operates it as 2&#176; Stormo &quot;Mario D&rsquo;Agostini&quot; and 313&#176; Gruppo Addestramento Acrobatico.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is the ICAO code of Rivolto Air Base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The ICAO code of Rivolto Air Base is LIPI. The airfield sits at 55 m above sea level in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, at 45.9787 N, 13.0493 E.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How long is the runway at Rivolto Air Base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Rivolto Air Base has one runway: 06\/24, 2,550 m (8,366 ft), asphalt.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Which squadrons are based at Rivolto Air Base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Rivolto Air Base currently hosts 313&#176; Gruppo Addestramento Acrobatico flying the Aermacchi MB-339A-PAN; Gruppo Missili flying the Spada 2000 with Aspide missiles; 80&#176; Gruppo OCU flying the &mdash;.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Which aircraft used to fly from Rivolto Air Base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Over its history Rivolto Air Base has hosted 14&#176; Gruppo (&mdash;) with the AMX International AMX.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is Rivolto Air Base known for?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Rivolto is the home of the Frecce Tricolori, the Italian national aerobatic team, and has been since the team was formed there on 1 March 1961. It is the only base the team has ever had. Rivolto is also the seat of the 2\\u00b0 Stormo, the Italian Air Force\\u2019s surface-to-air missile wing and its national reference point for ground-based air defence since 2011.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Why do the Frecce Tricolori fly ten aircraft?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Nine aircraft fly the formation and a tenth flies as the soloist, Pony 10, providing opposition and crossing manoeuvres against the group. The configuration settled in 1963 and has never changed, and it makes the Frecce the largest permanent military display formation in the world. Guinness World Records certified that on 26 March 2023.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What happened at Ramstein on 28 August 1988?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"While flying the cardioide, or pierced heart, the team\\u2019s soloist arrived at the crossing point early and too low, struck the number two aircraft and then the leader, and crashed into the spectator area with burning fuel. The Italian Air Force board of inquiry found the principal cause to be an error by the soloist in setting up the manoeuvre and in judging the timing of his corrections.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How many people died at Ramstein?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Seventy. Thirty-one spectators were killed immediately and thirty-six more died of their injuries in the following days and weeks, which gives the sixty-seven usually quoted as spectators; the three Italian pilots make seventy. The count was formally closed on 21 November 1988. Around 500 people were injured and 336 were hospitalised on the day. Some German accounts add an unborn child and give seventy-one.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Who were the three pilots killed at Ramstein?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Lieutenant Colonel Mario Naldini, who was leading the formation as Pony 1; Captain Giorgio Alessio, flying as Pony 2; and Lieutenant Colonel Ivo Nutarelli, the soloist, Pony 10. Captain Kim Jon Strader of the US Army, the pilot of the medical evacuation helicopter struck by wreckage, died of burns on 17 September 1988 and is counted among the sixty-seven.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What aircraft do the Frecce Tricolori fly?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The Aermacchi MB-339A\/PAN, in service with the team since 1982. Before that they flew six North American F-86E Sabres from 1961 to 1963 and the Fiat G.91PAN from the 1963\\u201364 conversion to the 1981 season. On 12 September 2024 the Italian Air Force announced that the Leonardo M-346 will replace the MB-339, with the formation staying at ten aircraft.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Why are the Frecce Tricolori based at Rivolto and not somewhere more central?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Because of Campoformido, a few minutes\\u2019 flying away, where Colonel Rino Corso Fougier built Italy\\u2019s first formation-aerobatics school around the 1\\u00b0 Stormo in the late 1920s. When the air force consolidated five separate wing display teams into one national unit in 1961, it deliberately placed it in that corner of Friuli to inherit the lineage.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Can you visit Rivolto Air Base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Not routinely \\u2014 it is an operational military airfield closed to civil traffic. The base does open for the team\\u2019s anniversary air shows, which are among the largest public aviation events in Italy; the sixtieth anniversary show was held at Rivolto on 18 and 19 September 2021 with most of Europe\\u2019s national display teams present.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is Rivolto Air Base still an active military air base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. Active (Frecce Tricolori and the national missile wing). The Italian Air Force operates it as 2\\u00b0 Stormo \\\"Mario D\\u2019Agostini\\\" and 313\\u00b0 Gruppo Addestramento Acrobatico.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the ICAO code of Rivolto Air Base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The ICAO code of Rivolto Air Base is LIPI. The airfield sits at 55 m above sea level in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, at 45.9787 N, 13.0493 E.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How long is the runway at Rivolto Air Base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Rivolto Air Base has one runway: 06\/24, 2,550 m (8,366 ft), asphalt.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Which squadrons are based at Rivolto Air Base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Rivolto Air Base currently hosts 313\\u00b0 Gruppo Addestramento Acrobatico flying the Aermacchi MB-339A-PAN; Gruppo Missili flying the Spada 2000 with Aspide missiles; 80\\u00b0 Gruppo OCU flying the \\u2014.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Which aircraft used to fly from Rivolto Air Base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Over its history Rivolto Air Base has hosted 14\\u00b0 Gruppo (\\u2014) with the AMX International AMX.\"}}]}<\/script><section id=\"fly\">\n<div class=\"ad\">\n<div class=\"adin\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The part of the collection you can touch<\/div>\n<h2>You cannot fly from an Italian air base. You can fly the jet.<\/h2>\n<p class=\"adp\">MiGFlug flies the L-39 Albatros out of Florida &mdash; a real military jet trainer, a real second seat, aerobatics and time on the controls. Italian military airfields do not sell flights; this is the nearest thing there is.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/l-39-albatros-florida\/\">Fly the L-39 Albatros in Florida<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Around Rivolto Air Base<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/italian-air-force\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The operator<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Italian Air Force<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Fleet, bases and order of battle of the service that flies from here.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Italian Air Force page<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/aermacchi-mb-339\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Based here<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Aermacchi MB-339A-PAN<\/span><span class=\"rp\">History, specifications and stories in the Book of Beasts.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Aermacchi MB-339A-PAN story<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aeronautica.difesa.it\/home\/noi-siamo-l-am\/organizzazione\/reparti\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Aeronautica Militare: I reparti dell&rsquo;Aeronautica Militare<\/a><span>mission and equipment of each wing, training unit and support unit; note that parts of the page lag behind the retirement of the AMX and the AB-212<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ourairports.com\/countries\/IT\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">OurAirports: aerodrome and runway data<\/a><span>coordinates, elevations, runway designators, lengths and surfaces. AIP Italia (aim.enav.it) could not be reached from this environment, so these figures are OurAirports data cross-checked against the Italian Wikipedia infoboxes; where the two disagree the discrepancy is noted in the research report<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Verified 2026-09-19.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .ph1{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ital-hero-rivolto.jpg)!important}<\/style>\n<style>#mfam .cflag{background-image:url(https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/swiss-canton-flags-sprite-v2.png)!important}#mfam .cf0{background-position:-2px -2px}#mfam .cf1{background-position:-22px -2px}#mfam .cf2{background-position:-42px -2px}#mfam .cf3{background-position:-62px -2px}#mfam .cf4{background-position:-82px -2px}#mfam .cf5{background-position:-102px -2px}#mfam .cf6{background-position:-122px -2px}#mfam 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Heather Ley \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) OperatorItalian Air ForceRegionFriuli-Venezia GiuliaElevation55 mCoordinates45.9787 N, 13.0493 E Share [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":22998,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-24134","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Rivolto Air Base | MiGFlug<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/nl\/luchtbases\/rivolto\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"nl_NL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Rivolto Air Base | MiGFlug\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Order of Battle &middot; Italian Air Force &middot; Air base Rivolto Air Base Aeroporto militare &quot;Mario Visintini&quot;, Rivolto Active (Frecce Tricolori and the national missile wing) LIPIICAO 2,550 mRunway 1940Opened ActiveStatus Photo: U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. 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