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col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt td.note{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td.note{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt td.note{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob-base{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob-base:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .ocx{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .ocx::before,#mfam .ocx::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .ocx::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open .ocx::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam .pq{margin:0;max-width:900px} #mfam .pq blockquote{margin:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-size:clamp(21px,2.6vw,28px);line-height:1.42;color:#fff;letter-spacing:-.2px} #mfam .pq blockquote:before{content:'\\201C';color:var(--blue);margin-right:2px} #mfam .pq blockquote:after{content:'\\201D';color:var(--blue);margin-left:2px} #mfam .pq figcaption{margin-top:20px;font-size:14px;color:#98a2b3;line-height:1.6} #mfam .pq figcaption b{color:#fff;font-size:14px} #mfam .pq figcaption span{display:block;color:#7c8697;font-size:13px} #mfam .pq figcaption a{color:#9db9ff;border-bottom:1px solid #3f4d6b} #mfam .pqrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:40px;max-width:1120px} #mfam .pqrow .pq blockquote{font-size:clamp(18px,2vw,21px)} #mfam .galgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:18px;margin-top:8px} #mfam .galgrid figure{margin:0;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .galgrid .gim{display:block;height:210px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .galgrid figcaption{padding:14px 16px 16px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .galgrid figcaption 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.satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero photo\">\n<div class=\"heroimg ph1\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/royal-canadian-air-force\/\">Royal Canadian Air Force<\/a> &middot; Air base<\/div>\n<h1>4 Wing Cold Lake<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">4e Escadre Cold Lake<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">Active (fighter main operating base; NORAD alert)<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>CYOD<\/b><span>ICAO<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>3,840 m<\/b><span>Runway<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1954<\/b><span>Opened<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>Active<\/b><span>Status<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"photocred\">Photo: Cpl. Vicky Lefrancois, DAirPA \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain)<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Operator<\/b>Royal Canadian Air Force<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Province or territory<\/b>Alberta<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Elevation<\/b>541 m<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Coordinates<\/b>54.4050 N, 110.2790 W<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>4 Wing Cold Lake: what it was built for and what flies there now<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<p>Cold Lake is Canada&rsquo;s principal fighter base and the largest air force establishment in the country, and it is where it is because of what is not there. The site on the Alberta&ndash;Saskatchewan border was chosen in 1952 for low population density, open terrain and room to shoot: personnel arrived on 31 March 1954, and in 1955 Ottawa signed an agreement with both provinces for a tract 180 kilometres by 65 kilometres covering some 11,700 square kilometres. That tract is the Cold Lake Air Weapons Range, and the base exists to use it.<\/p>\n<p>The flying has followed Canada&rsquo;s fighter history in order. Crews trained here for the CF-100 Canuck in the 1950s, for the CF-104 Starfighter and the NATO commitment in West Germany from 1962, and for the CF-188 Hornet from 1982. Today 4 Wing holds the western half of Canada&rsquo;s NORAD alert with 401 and 409 Squadrons, converts every Canadian Hornet pilot with 410 Squadron, and is being rebuilt around the F-35A. Runway 13L\/31R, at 3,840 metres, is the longest on any Canadian air force base.<\/p>\n<p>The base is also the host of Exercise Maple Flag, first flown in 1978 as a northern Red Flag, and of a range whose boreal forest and lake country was always argued to resemble northern Europe more closely than the Nevada desert does. 419 Squadron, which taught fighter lead-in first on the CF-5 and then on the CT-155 Hawk, ceased operations on 8 March 2024 and is in a hiatus expected to run into the early 2030s.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"sat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Satellite<\/div>\n<h2>4 Wing Cold Lake from above<\/h2>\n<div class=\"satfig\" id=\"satfig\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Enlarge the satellite view\">\n<div class=\"satimg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"4 Wing Cold Lake seen from above\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"satzoom\">Click to enlarge<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"satcap\"><b>3 runways, the longest 3,840 m.<\/b><span>Imagery: Esri, Maxar, Earthstar Geographics and the GIS user community<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"satlb\" id=\"satlb\"><span class=\"satlbx\">Close<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"satbig\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"4 Wing Cold Lake seen from above, enlarged\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<style>#mfam .satimg{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=-110.35240,54.38517,-110.20560,54.42483\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=1600,743\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}#mfam .satbig{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=-110.34801,54.37822,-110.20999,54.43178\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=2048,1365\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}@media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=-110.31308,54.38517,-110.24492,54.42483\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=760,760\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}}<\/style>\n<div id=\"sat-data\" data-js=\"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\"><\/div>\n<p><script>(function(){var el=document.getElementById(\"sat-data\");var js=decodeURIComponent(escape(atob(el.getAttribute(\"data-js\"))));var sc=document.createElement(\"script\");sc.text=js;document.body.appendChild(sc);})();<\/script><section class=\"pqband\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"pqrow\">\n<figure class=\"pq\">\n<blockquote><p>This accident once again demonstrates that old but hard learned lessons can sometimes be forgotten and that the low-level environment is an inherently hazardous and unforgiving region where only a few seconds of distraction can mean the difference between life and death.<\/blockquote><figcaption><b>Directorate of Flight Safety<\/b><span>from the Canadian Armed Forces flight safety investigation into the CF-188 accident of 28 November 2016 that killed Captain Thomas McQueen<\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/canada\/edmonton\/cf-18-fighter-jet-cold-lake-crash-thomas-mcqueen-report-1.4608199\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CBC News, 3 April 2018<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"pq\">\n<blockquote><p>We practice all of our mission sets, from the air-to-air mission sets to strike missions and close-air support missions.<\/blockquote><figcaption><b>Major Christopher Horch<\/b><span>commanding officer of the Air Force Tactical Training Centre at 4 Wing Cold Lake, on what Exercise Maple Flag is for, at the close of the 2016 exercise<\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/canada\/edmonton\/after-1-900-flying-hours-exercise-maple-flag-wraps-in-cold-lake-1.3651436\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CBC News, 25 June 2016<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>4 Wing Cold Lake in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Location &amp; codes<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>ICAO<\/dt>\n<dd>CYOD<\/dd>\n<dt>Country<\/dt>\n<dd>Canada<\/dd>\n<dt>Province or territory<\/dt>\n<dd>Alberta<\/dd>\n<dt>Coordinates<\/dt>\n<dd>54.4050 N, 110.2790 W<\/dd>\n<dt>Elevation<\/dt>\n<dd>541 m <span class=\"imp\">(1,775 ft)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Usage<\/dt>\n<dd>Military<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Runways &amp; facilities<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Runways<\/dt>\n<dd>3<\/dd>\n<dt>Designator<\/dt>\n<dd>13L\/31R<\/dd>\n<dt>Length<\/dt>\n<dd>3,840 m <span class=\"imp\">(12,598 ft)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Surface<\/dt>\n<dd>Asphalt<\/dd>\n<dt>Designator 2<\/dt>\n<dd>13R\/31L<\/dd>\n<dt>Length<\/dt>\n<dd>3,048 m <span class=\"imp\">(10,000 ft)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Surface<\/dt>\n<dd>Asphalt<\/dd>\n<dt>Cavern hangars<\/dt>\n<dd>No<\/dd>\n<dt>Quick Reaction Alert<\/dt>\n<dd>NORAD alert for western Canada<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Command &amp; status<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Status<\/dt>\n<dd>Active<span class=\"gnote\">fighter main operating base; NORAD alert<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Operator<\/dt>\n<dd>Royal Canadian Air Force<\/dd>\n<dt>Opened<\/dt>\n<dd>1954<\/dd>\n<dt>Military use ended<\/dt>\n<dd>&mdash;<\/dd>\n<dt>Command<\/dt>\n<dd>4 Wing \/ CFB Cold Lake<\/dd>\n<dt>Resident units<\/dt>\n<dd>6 current, 1 former<\/dd>\n<dt>Based types<\/dt>\n<dd>2<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"units\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Resident units<\/div>\n<h2>Who flies from 4 Wing Cold Lake<\/h2>\n<div class=\"oob\">\n<div class=\"oob-base\"><span>Current<\/span><em>6 units<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>401 Tactical Fighter Squadron<small>Ram &middot; Fighter squadron &middot; regular<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fa-18-hornet\/\">CF-188 Hornet<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>409 Tactical Fighter Squadron<small>Nighthawk &middot; Fighter squadron &middot; regular<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fa-18-hornet\/\">CF-188 Hornet<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>410 Tactical Fighter Operational Training Squadron<small>Cougar &middot; Fighter conversion squadron &middot; regular<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fa-18-hornet\/\">CF-188 Hornet<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>417 Domestic Response Squadron<small>Domestic response squadron &middot; regular<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>CH-146 Griffon<\/dd>\n<dt>Fighter Operational Test and Evaluation Flight<small>Test and evaluation flight &middot; regular<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fa-18-hornet\/\">CF-188 Hornet<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>42 Radar Squadron<small>Radar squadron &middot; regular<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>&mdash;<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<div class=\"oob-base\"><span>Former<\/span><em>1 units<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt class=\"was\">419 Tactical Fighter Training Squadron<small>1975&ndash;2024 &middot; Ceased operations on 8 March 2024 with the retirement of the CT-155 Hawk and is in hiatus expected to last into the early 2030s.<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bae-hawk\/\" class=\"was\">CT-155 Hawk<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/northrop-f-5\/\" class=\"was\">CF-116 Freedom Fighter<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Aircraft types based here<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fa-18-hornet\/\">CF-188 Hornet<\/a>, CH-146 Griffon, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bae-hawk\/\" class=\"was\">CT-155 Hawk<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/northrop-f-5\/\" class=\"was\">CF-116 Freedom Fighter<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"knownfor\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Claim to fame<\/div>\n<h2>What 4 Wing Cold Lake is known for<\/h2>\n<div class=\"kfgrid\">\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">01<\/div>\n<h3>The Cold Lake Air Weapons Range<\/h3>\n<p>The base was built to serve a bombing range, not the other way round. The range sits about 70 kilometres north of the airfield and is the reason every fighter in the country eventually comes here.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">The 1955 federal agreement with Alberta and Saskatchewan covers a block 180 km by 65 km &mdash; about 11,700 square kilometres, or 1.17 million hectares. It holds more than 640 targets and about 100 target complexes, including seven simulated aerodromes with runways, tarmac, dispersals and buildings.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">02<\/div>\n<h3>Exercise Maple Flag<\/h3>\n<p>Canada&rsquo;s answer to Red Flag has been run from Cold Lake since 1978. It doubles the population of the base for a month and has drawn most of NATO plus Israel, Australia, Singapore and Brazil.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">Maple Flag 2016 ran from 30 May to 24 June with over 1,300 Canadian and more than 400 allied personnel, and produced 1,137 sorties, 1,945.08 flying hours, 1,063 simulated air-to-air kills, 257 target complexes attacked and 1,070,400 lb of fuel passed in the air.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">03<\/div>\n<h3>The longest runway in the air force<\/h3>\n<p>Cold Lake has three runways, and the main one is longer than anything else the Royal Canadian Air Force owns. It was built for aircraft taking off heavy into thin, hot prairie air with a full weapons load.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">Runway 13L\/31R is 12,599 feet by 200 feet &mdash; 3,840 m by 61 m. The parallel 13R\/31L is 9,999 feet and 04\/22 is 8,273 feet, or 3,048 m and 2,522 m.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">04<\/div>\n<h3>Where Canadian fighter pilots are made<\/h3>\n<p>410 Squadron is the Hornet operational training unit. No Canadian flies the CF-188 on an operational squadron without passing through Cold Lake first, and the Fighter Operational Test and Evaluation Flight works here too.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">410 Tactical Fighter Operational Training Squadron has converted every Canadian Hornet pilot since 1982, and was filmed doing it for the thirteen-part television series Jetstream in 2007.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">05<\/div>\n<h3>Cruise missiles down the Mackenzie<\/h3>\n<p>In the 1980s the range became the target for American air-launched cruise missile tests flown across the Canadian Arctic, and the argument about it went to court.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">The Federal Court of Canada cleared the tests in 1983 and the Canada&ndash;United States Test and Evaluation Program was signed afterwards; the missiles were released over the Beaufort Sea and flew down the Mackenzie valley to the range at a few tens of metres above ground.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">06<\/div>\n<h3>The F-35 base<\/h3>\n<p>Cold Lake and Bagotville are the two main operating bases for Canada&rsquo;s next fighter, and Cold Lake has been under construction for it since 2020.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">Canada signed for 88 F-35A aircraft on 9 January 2023 at a stated $19 billion; the first eight go to Luke Air Force Base in Arizona for training, aircraft are expected on Canadian soil in 2028, and full operational capability is quoted for 2032 to 2034.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"deep\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Go deeper<\/div>\n<h2>The long version<\/h2>\n<div class=\"deep\">\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">01<\/span><span>A base built for the ground beneath it<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>Most air bases are sited for what they can reach. Cold Lake was sited for what surrounded it. In 1952 the Royal Canadian Air Force went looking in Alberta&rsquo;s Lakeland district for somewhere it could drop live weapons without hitting anybody, and settled on a spot west of the former town of Grand Centre on the Saskatchewan border. The criteria were low population density, accessibility, weather, suitable terrain and, above all, land nobody else needed. Personnel arrived on 31 March 1954 and operations at RCAF Station Cold Lake began that day.<\/p>\n<p>The following year Ottawa signed an agreement with Alberta and Saskatchewan for a tract 180 kilometres long and 65 kilometres wide, about 11,700 square kilometres, which became the Cold Lake Air Weapons Range. The official record is careful to note that although the siting tried to avoid First Nations reserves, the range took in traditional Aboriginal and treaty areas, and the First Nations affected were eventually compensated.<\/p>\n<p>The airfield is named after a man rather than a place: Cold Lake\/Group Captain R.W. McNair Airport, for Robert Wendell &quot;Buck&quot; McNair, a Saskatchewan-born Spitfire pilot and one of the leading Canadian aces of the Second World War. It is one of only three military aerodromes in Canada named for an individual, alongside Moose Jaw and the heliport at Valcartier.<\/p>\n<p>The flying task has changed roughly once a decade. The 1950s and early 1960s were about training crews for the CF-100 Canuck all-weather interceptor. From 1962 the CF-104 Starfighter turned the base into the pipeline for Canada&rsquo;s nuclear strike and reconnaissance commitment in West Germany. From 1982 it has been the Hornet base, and from the late 2020s it will be the F-35 base. Six of its hangars and the senior non-commissioned officers&rsquo; building went on to the federal heritage register in 2000 and 2001.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">02<\/span><span>What the range is actually for<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>The Cold Lake Air Weapons Range is the largest block of controlled military airspace in Canada, and its contents are more elaborate than the phrase &quot;bombing range&quot; suggests. It holds over 640 individual targets and around 100 realistic target complexes: seven simulated aerodromes complete with runways, tarmac, parked aircraft, dispersal areas and buildings, mechanised equipment including tanks, simulated radar sites and missile launchers, mock industrial plant and command and control centres. A crew can attack something that looks like a real airfield and be scored on whether they hit the right part of it.<\/p>\n<p>Where Nevada gives the American ranges desert, Cold Lake gives heavy boreal forest and thousands of lakes. That was always presented as the point: the terrain resembles northern Europe, and for most of the Cold War northern Europe was where Canadian fighter crews expected to fight. It is also cold, which is its own training value; NASA and European Space Agency astronauts have used the area for winter survival training.<\/p>\n<p>The range put Cold Lake into the international news in the 1980s, when the United States Air Force used it as the terminus for tests of newly developed air-launched cruise missiles. The weapons were released from bombers over the Beaufort Sea and flew down the Mackenzie River valley at a few tens of metres above the ground, following the terrain, to the range. Peace groups and First Nations along the flight path objected, arguing the tests made Canada a participant in a destabilising arms race. The Federal Court of Canada ruled in 1983 that the tests could proceed, and the Canada&ndash;United States Test and Evaluation Program was signed afterwards to cover the use of Canadian airspace.<\/p>\n<p>The range has never been the air force&rsquo;s alone. Indigenous groups hunt on it under the agreed usage arrangements, and since the 1990s the oil and gas industry has moved in underneath the bombs: Canadian Natural Resources runs cyclic steam stimulation and steam-assisted gravity drainage projects at Primrose and Wolf Lake inside the range boundary, and other producers work parts of it too. Fishing and logging compete for the same ground. Managing all of that alongside live weapons delivery is now a permanent part of 4 Wing&rsquo;s job.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">03<\/span><span>Maple Flag, and why it is not Red Flag<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>Red Flag was invented because the United States Air Force worked out in Vietnam that around ninety per cent of its combat losses happened in a pilot&rsquo;s first ten missions, and that if you could give a crew those ten missions in peacetime they were far more likely to survive the real ones. Canada copied the idea almost immediately. The exercise was conceived in 1977 as Red Flag North and renamed Maple Flag for its first running in 1978. It was held twice a year until 1987 and annually thereafter.<\/p>\n<p>It has been cancelled when the air force had somewhere more pressing to be, which is a fair summary of Canadian defence policy: in 1991 for the Gulf War, in 1999 for Operation Allied Force over Kosovo, in 2011 for Operation Mobile over Libya, and in 2015 for Operations Impact and Reassurance. It was paused again in 2019 so the infrastructure and the mandate could be brought up to date.<\/p>\n<p>The numbers from a single recent edition give the scale. Maple Flag 2016 ran from 30 May to 24 June with more than 1,300 Canadian Armed Forces personnel and over 400 from six allied and partner nations, including the United States Air Force and Marine Corps, the Royal Air Force, the French Air Force, German paratroopers and a Belgian artillery unit. It generated 1,137 sorties and 1,945.08 flying hours, recorded 1,063 simulated air-to-air kills, attacked 257 target complexes, dropped eight live and 69 inert weapons and passed 1,070,400 lb of fuel in the air.<\/p>\n<p>The opposing force has changed hands. American F-16s of the 64th Aggressor Squadron have flown Redland for years, but in October 2017 Discovery Air Defence won the ten-year Contracted Airborne Training Services contract to provide Canada&rsquo;s adversary air with modernised Alpha Jets. The contractor&rsquo;s aircraft &mdash; Alpha Jets and A-4 Skyhawks, now under the Top Aces name &mdash; are based at Cold Lake, which means the base is permanently home to jets that are not the air force&rsquo;s.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">04<\/span><span>The fighter pipeline, and the hole in the middle of it<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>Cold Lake is the only place in Canada where a pilot becomes a fighter pilot. 410 Tactical Fighter Operational Training Squadron has run the Hornet conversion course since the type arrived, and the Fighter Operational Test and Evaluation Flight does the work of proving weapons, software and tactics on the same ramp. In 2007 a television crew followed eight students through the 410 course for the series Jetstream, which remains the closest thing Canada has to a public record of what the course demands.<\/p>\n<p>Ahead of the conversion course sat lead-in training, and that is the piece that has gone. 419 Squadron re-formed at Cold Lake on 2 May 1975 as a tactical fighter training squadron, flew the CF-5 until the type retired in 1995, was stood down, and re-formed again on 23 July 2000 with nine CT-155 Hawks under the NATO Flying Training in Canada programme. On 8 March 2024 it ceased operations and went into hiatus, and the Hawk left Canadian service with it.<\/p>\n<p>The consequence is blunt: Canada has no domestic fighter lead-in training. Students are sent to Euro-NATO Joint Jet Pilot Training at Sheppard Air Force Base in Texas, to Finland and to the International Flight Training School in Italy, then come back to Cold Lake for the Hornet. The air force intends to reactivate 419 in the early 2030s with a new trainer.<\/p>\n<p>The squadron carries one of the heavier names in the Canadian order of battle. 419 was formed at Mildenhall in 1941, flew 4,325 operational sorties with Bomber Command and lost 129 aircraft on them, and was the squadron of Pilot Officer Andrew Mynarski, who was posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross for trying to free a trapped gunner from a burning Lancaster on the night of 12\/13 June 1944. Its &quot;Moose&quot; name comes from its first commanding officer, Wing Commander John &quot;Moose&quot; Fulton, killed on operations in 1942, and every commanding officer since has carried the nickname.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">05<\/span><span>Rebuilding the base around the F-35<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>The physical work started before the aircraft was chosen. On 27 August 2020 the government awarded a $9.2 million design contract for future fighter facilities at Cold Lake; a parallel award for Bagotville followed on 2 October 2020. Both bases were named as the two main operating bases for whatever aircraft won, and both needed new squadron buildings, maintenance facilities and, at Bagotville, a purpose-built quick reaction alert compound.<\/p>\n<p>The aircraft was settled on 9 January 2023, when Canada finalised an agreement for 88 F-35A aircraft at a stated $19 billion covering equipment, sustainment set-up, services and infrastructure. First deliveries were anticipated from 2026 and full operational capability between 2032 and 2034.<\/p>\n<p>Then the politics moved. On 14 March 2025 Prime Minister Mark Carney ordered a review of the purchase, in the middle of a tariff dispute with the United States, with the first sixteen aircraft already paid for and the balance reconsidered. As of September 2026 the government is still weighing the options, including a mixed fleet. The first Canadian aircraft are going to Luke Air Force Base in Arizona, where Canadian pilots will train; aircraft are expected on Canadian soil in 2028.<\/p>\n<p>What that means at Cold Lake is a base spending most of a decade under construction for an aeroplane whose final number nobody will state. The CF-188s it is replacing are older than most of the people flying them, and the squadrons have to keep the western half of the NORAD alert commitment running through all of it, which is the part of the argument that does not appear in the press releases.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>4 Wing Cold Lake, year by year<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1952<\/div>\n<p>Construction begins on a new air weapons training base in Alberta&rsquo;s Lakeland district, west of Grand Centre.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1954<\/div>\n<p>31 March: personnel arrive and RCAF Station Cold Lake begins operations.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1955<\/div>\n<p>Ottawa signs an agreement with Alberta and Saskatchewan for a 180 km by 65 km tract &mdash; the Cold Lake Air Weapons Range, about 11,700 square kilometres.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1962<\/div>\n<p>The CF-104 Starfighter arrives and the base becomes the pipeline for Canada&rsquo;s NATO commitment in West Germany.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1968<\/div>\n<p>1 February: unification makes RCAF Station Cold Lake into CFB Cold Lake under Air Defence Command.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1975<\/div>\n<p>2 May: 419 Squadron re-forms at Cold Lake as a tactical fighter training squadron on the CF-5.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1978<\/div>\n<p>The first Exercise Maple Flag is flown, a year after it was conceived as Red Flag North.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1982<\/div>\n<p>The CF-188 Hornet arrives and Cold Lake becomes the training focal point for the type.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1983<\/div>\n<p>The Federal Court of Canada clears American cruise missile testing over Canadian airspace to the range; CANUSTEP follows.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1984<\/div>\n<p>409 &quot;Nighthawk&quot; Squadron transfers to Cold Lake to convert to the CF-18 before deploying to Baden-Soellingen.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1995<\/div>\n<p>419 Squadron disbands with the retirement of the CF-5; the USAF 366th Air Base Wing deploys here for a fourteen-day readiness inspection.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2000<\/div>\n<p>23 July: 419 Squadron re-forms with nine CT-155 Hawks for NATO Flying Training in Canada; six hangars go on the federal heritage register in 2000 and 2001.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2006<\/div>\n<p>6 July: 409 Tactical Fighter Squadron re-forms at Cold Lake from the consolidation of 416 and 441 Squadrons.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2007<\/div>\n<p>The television series Jetstream films eight students through the 410 Squadron Hornet course.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2016<\/div>\n<p>17 July: a privately owned T-28B strikes the ground during the Cold Lake air show, killing its pilot. 28 November: Captain Thomas McQueen is killed in a CF-188 crash near the base.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2020<\/div>\n<p>27 August: a $9.2 million design contract is awarded for future fighter facilities at Cold Lake.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2023<\/div>\n<p>9 January: Canada finalises the purchase of 88 F-35A aircraft at a stated $19 billion, with Cold Lake and Bagotville as the two main operating bases.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2024<\/div>\n<p>8 March: 419 Squadron ceases operations and the CT-155 Hawk leaves Canadian service, ending domestic fighter lead-in training.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"video\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">On film<\/div>\n<h2>4 Wing Cold Lake on film<\/h2>\n<div class=\"vidwrap\">\n<div class=\"vidfr\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/ZPnX7JQF_XI\" title=\"Welcome to 4 Wing Cold Lake - Home of the CF-18!\" loading=\"lazy\" allow=\"accelerometer; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<div class=\"vidcap\"><b>Welcome to 4 Wing Cold Lake &#8211; Home of the CF-18!<\/b> Cold Lake Air Show, via YouTube.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"incidents\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Incidents &amp; stories<\/div>\n<h2>What happened here<\/h2>\n<div class=\"inc\">\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">28 November 2016<\/div>\n<h3>The crash that came back to an old lesson<\/h3>\n<p>Captain Thomas McQueen, 29, a ten-year veteran of the Royal Canadian Air Force, was killed when his CF-188 Hornet struck the ground near Cold Lake during a training weapons delivery. The flight safety investigation found no mechanical failure, no bird strike and no incapacitation. It concluded that he had not adequately monitored the aircraft&rsquo;s flight path while manoeuvring at low level, allowed an overbank and a nose drop, and that circumstantial evidence suggested he had been distracted while trying to spot where his weapon had hit. The report called the accident preventable and noted that different people read the minimum altitude rule differently.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/canada\/edmonton\/cf-18-fighter-jet-cold-lake-crash-thomas-mcqueen-report-1.4608199\">CBC News<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">17 July 2016<\/div>\n<h3>A Trojan goes in at the air show<\/h3>\n<p>A privately registered North American T-28B struck the ground during an aerobatic display at the Cold Lake air show. The pilot was killed. There was no post-impact fire, there was minor damage to airfield infrastructure, and no air show personnel or spectators were hurt. The Transportation Safety Board of Canada investigated the accident as file A16W0094 and published its investigation brief on 5 January 2018. It remains the only display fatality in the air show&rsquo;s history.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tsb.gc.ca\/eng\/medias-media\/communiques\/aviation\/2018\/a16w0094-20180105.html\">Transportation Safety Board of Canada<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">1983&ndash;1984<\/div>\n<h3>Cruise missiles over the Mackenzie<\/h3>\n<p>The Cold Lake Air Weapons Range became the target for United States Air Force tests of newly developed air-launched cruise missiles. The weapons were released from bombers over the Beaufort Sea and flew down the Mackenzie River valley at a few tens of metres above the ground before running in to the range. Peace groups and First Nations along the route argued the tests made Canada a party to a destabilising arms race. The Federal Court of Canada ruled in 1983 that they could proceed, and the Canada&ndash;United States Test and Evaluation Program was signed to cover the use of Canadian airspace.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CFB_Cold_Lake\">Wikipedia: CFB Cold Lake<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">1995<\/div>\n<h3>An American wing moves in for a fortnight<\/h3>\n<p>The United States Air Force 366th Air Base Wing from Mountain Home Air Force Base in Idaho deployed to Cold Lake for its operational readiness inspection. The exercise ran about fourteen days and involved three fighter squadrons and numerous support units airlifting in enough people and equipment to stand up a front-line combat air base from nothing and then start flying combat operations from it. It is the largest single foreign deployment the base has hosted outside Maple Flag.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CFB_Cold_Lake\">Wikipedia: CFB Cold Lake<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">2007<\/div>\n<h3>Eight students, thirteen episodes<\/h3>\n<p>A television crew was given access to 410 Tactical Fighter Operational Training Squadron and followed eight pilots through the CF-18 conversion course for the series Jetstream. One of the students, then Captain Riel &quot;Guns&quot; Erickson, went on to instruct with 419 Squadron. The series is unusual in Canadian military broadcasting for showing students failing checks as well as passing them, and it is still the most widely seen record of what Cold Lake&rsquo;s core job actually involves.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CFB_Cold_Lake\">Wikipedia: CFB Cold Lake<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">8 March 2024<\/div>\n<h3>The Hawks stop and the Moose stands down<\/h3>\n<p>419 Tactical Fighter Training Squadron ceased operations at 4 Wing and the CT-155 Hawk left Canadian service with it. The squadron went into a hiatus expected to last into the early 2030s, and Canada was left with no fighter lead-in training of its own: students now go to Sheppard Air Force Base in Texas, to Finland and to the International Flight Training School in Italy before returning to Cold Lake to convert on to the Hornet. The air force intends to reactivate 419 with a new trainer.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/419_Tactical_Fighter_Training_Squadron\">Wikipedia: 419 Squadron<\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"map\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Location<\/div>\n<h2>4 Wing Cold Lake and its neighbours<\/h2>\n<div class=\"mapframe\">\n<div id=\"oobmap\" class=\"oobmap\" style=\"height:440px\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"legend\"><span><i class=\"dot\"><\/i> Active air base<\/span><span><i class=\"dot was\"><\/i> Closed or reserve<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Nearby base<\/th>\n<th>ICAO<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Based types<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr data-base=\"moose-jaw\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/moose-jaw\/\">15 Wing Moose Jaw<\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">CYMJ<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">CT-156 Harvard II, CT-157 Siskin II, CT-114 Tutor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"edmonton-namao\">\n<td>3rd Canadian Division Support Base Edmonton (CFB Namao)<\/td>\n<td class=\"num\">CYED<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td class=\"sub\">CH-146 Griffon, CC-130 Hercules, CC-138 Twin Otter, CH-113 Labrador<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about 4 Wing Cold Lake<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>What is Cold Lake known for?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">4 Wing Cold Lake is Canada&rsquo;s main fighter base and its largest air force establishment. It is known for the Cold Lake Air Weapons Range, the largest block of controlled military airspace in the country at around 11,700 square kilometres; for Exercise Maple Flag, the Canadian equivalent of Red Flag, run here since 1978; for training every Canadian Hornet pilot through 410 Squadron; and for holding the western half of Canada&rsquo;s NORAD alert commitment.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How big is the Cold Lake Air Weapons Range?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The 1955 agreement with Alberta and Saskatchewan covers a tract about 180 kilometres long by 65 kilometres wide, roughly 11,700 square kilometres or 1.17 million hectares, about 70 kilometres north of the airfield. It contains more than 640 targets and around 100 target complexes, including seven simulated aerodromes with runways, tarmac, dispersal areas, buildings and parked aircraft, plus tanks, simulated radar and missile sites and mock industrial plant.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How long is the runway at Cold Lake?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The main runway, 13L\/31R, is 12,599 feet by 200 feet, which is 3,840 metres by 61 metres &mdash; the longest runway on any Canadian air force base. The parallel runway 13R\/31L is 9,999 feet, or 3,048 metres, and the cross runway 04\/22 is 8,273 feet, or 2,522 metres. The ICAO code is CYOD and the field elevation is 1,775 feet, about 541 metres.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is Exercise Maple Flag?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Maple Flag is Canada&rsquo;s large-scale air combat exercise, flown from Cold Lake over the weapons range. It was conceived in 1977 as Red Flag North, first run in 1978, held twice a year until 1987 and annually afterwards. The 2016 edition ran from 30 May to 24 June with more than 1,700 Canadian and allied personnel and produced 1,137 sorties and 1,945.08 flying hours. It has been cancelled in years when the air force was committed elsewhere, including 1991, 1999, 2011 and 2015.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Will the F-35 be based at Cold Lake?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. Cold Lake and Bagotville are the two main operating bases for Canada&rsquo;s future fighter, and construction for it at Cold Lake began with a $9.2 million design contract in August 2020. Canada signed for 88 F-35A aircraft on 9 January 2023 at a stated $19 billion. The purchase went under government review on 14 March 2025 and the review has not reported; the first aircraft go to Luke Air Force Base in Arizona for training and are expected on Canadian soil in 2028.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why is Cold Lake named after a person?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The aerodrome is formally Cold Lake\/Group Captain R.W. McNair Airport, after Robert Wendell &quot;Buck&quot; McNair, a Saskatchewan-born Spitfire pilot and one of Canada&rsquo;s leading Second World War aces. It is one of only three military aerodromes in Canada named for an individual, alongside Moose Jaw and the heliport at Valcartier.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Has anyone been killed at Cold Lake?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes, and 2016 was a bad year. On 17 July a privately registered T-28B struck the ground during the air show, killing its pilot; the Transportation Safety Board investigated it as file A16W0094. On 28 November Captain Thomas McQueen, 29, was killed when his CF-188 hit the ground during a low-level training weapons delivery near the base. The flight safety report found the accident preventable and attributed it to inadequate flight path monitoring, probably while the pilot was trying to spot his weapon impact.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is 4 Wing Cold Lake still an active military air base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. Active (fighter main operating base; NORAD alert). The Royal Canadian Air Force operates it as 4 Wing \/ CFB Cold Lake.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is the ICAO code of 4 Wing Cold Lake?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The ICAO code of 4 Wing Cold Lake is CYOD. The airfield sits at 541 m above sea level in Alberta, at 54.4050 N, 110.2790 W.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How long is the runway at 4 Wing Cold Lake?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">4 Wing Cold Lake has 3 runways: 13L\/31R, 3,840 m (12,598 ft), asphalt; 13R\/31L, 3,048 m (10,000 ft), asphalt; 04\/22, 2,522 m (8,274 ft), asphalt.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Which squadrons are based at 4 Wing Cold Lake?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">4 Wing Cold Lake currently hosts 401 Tactical Fighter Squadron flying the CF-188 Hornet; 409 Tactical Fighter Squadron flying the CF-188 Hornet; 410 Tactical Fighter Operational Training Squadron flying the CF-188 Hornet; 417 Domestic Response Squadron flying the CH-146 Griffon; Fighter Operational Test and Evaluation Flight flying the CF-188 Hornet; 42 Radar Squadron flying the &mdash;.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Which aircraft used to fly from 4 Wing Cold Lake?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Over its history 4 Wing Cold Lake has hosted 419 Tactical Fighter Training Squadron (1975&ndash;2024) with the CT-155 Hawk, CF-116 Freedom Fighter.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is Cold Lake known for?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"4 Wing Cold Lake is Canada\\u2019s main fighter base and its largest air force establishment. It is known for the Cold Lake Air Weapons Range, the largest block of controlled military airspace in the country at around 11,700 square kilometres; for Exercise Maple Flag, the Canadian equivalent of Red Flag, run here since 1978; for training every Canadian Hornet pilot through 410 Squadron; and for holding the western half of Canada\\u2019s NORAD alert commitment.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How big is the Cold Lake Air Weapons Range?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The 1955 agreement with Alberta and Saskatchewan covers a tract about 180 kilometres long by 65 kilometres wide, roughly 11,700 square kilometres or 1.17 million hectares, about 70 kilometres north of the airfield. It contains more than 640 targets and around 100 target complexes, including seven simulated aerodromes with runways, tarmac, dispersal areas, buildings and parked aircraft, plus tanks, simulated radar and missile sites and mock industrial plant.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How long is the runway at Cold Lake?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The main runway, 13L\/31R, is 12,599 feet by 200 feet, which is 3,840 metres by 61 metres \\u2014 the longest runway on any Canadian air force base. The parallel runway 13R\/31L is 9,999 feet, or 3,048 metres, and the cross runway 04\/22 is 8,273 feet, or 2,522 metres. The ICAO code is CYOD and the field elevation is 1,775 feet, about 541 metres.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is Exercise Maple Flag?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Maple Flag is Canada\\u2019s large-scale air combat exercise, flown from Cold Lake over the weapons range. It was conceived in 1977 as Red Flag North, first run in 1978, held twice a year until 1987 and annually afterwards. The 2016 edition ran from 30 May to 24 June with more than 1,700 Canadian and allied personnel and produced 1,137 sorties and 1,945.08 flying hours. It has been cancelled in years when the air force was committed elsewhere, including 1991, 1999, 2011 and 2015.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Will the F-35 be based at Cold Lake?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. Cold Lake and Bagotville are the two main operating bases for Canada\\u2019s future fighter, and construction for it at Cold Lake began with a $9.2 million design contract in August 2020. Canada signed for 88 F-35A aircraft on 9 January 2023 at a stated $19 billion. The purchase went under government review on 14 March 2025 and the review has not reported; the first aircraft go to Luke Air Force Base in Arizona for training and are expected on Canadian soil in 2028.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Why is Cold Lake named after a person?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The aerodrome is formally Cold Lake\/Group Captain R.W. McNair Airport, after Robert Wendell \\\"Buck\\\" McNair, a Saskatchewan-born Spitfire pilot and one of Canada\\u2019s leading Second World War aces. It is one of only three military aerodromes in Canada named for an individual, alongside Moose Jaw and the heliport at Valcartier.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Has anyone been killed at Cold Lake?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes, and 2016 was a bad year. On 17 July a privately registered T-28B struck the ground during the air show, killing its pilot; the Transportation Safety Board investigated it as file A16W0094. On 28 November Captain Thomas McQueen, 29, was killed when his CF-188 hit the ground during a low-level training weapons delivery near the base. The flight safety report found the accident preventable and attributed it to inadequate flight path monitoring, probably while the pilot was trying to spot his weapon impact.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is 4 Wing Cold Lake still an active military air base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. Active (fighter main operating base; NORAD alert). The Royal Canadian Air Force operates it as 4 Wing \/ CFB Cold Lake.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the ICAO code of 4 Wing Cold Lake?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The ICAO code of 4 Wing Cold Lake is CYOD. The airfield sits at 541 m above sea level in Alberta, at 54.4050 N, 110.2790 W.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How long is the runway at 4 Wing Cold Lake?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"4 Wing Cold Lake has 3 runways: 13L\/31R, 3,840 m (12,598 ft), asphalt; 13R\/31L, 3,048 m (10,000 ft), asphalt; 04\/22, 2,522 m (8,274 ft), asphalt.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Which squadrons are based at 4 Wing Cold Lake?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"4 Wing Cold Lake currently hosts 401 Tactical Fighter Squadron flying the CF-188 Hornet; 409 Tactical Fighter Squadron flying the CF-188 Hornet; 410 Tactical Fighter Operational Training Squadron flying the CF-188 Hornet; 417 Domestic Response Squadron flying the CH-146 Griffon; Fighter Operational Test and Evaluation Flight flying the CF-188 Hornet; 42 Radar Squadron flying the \\u2014.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Which aircraft used to fly from 4 Wing Cold Lake?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Over its history 4 Wing Cold Lake has hosted 419 Tactical Fighter Training Squadron (1975\\u20132024) with the CT-155 Hawk, CF-116 Freedom Fighter.\"}}]}<\/script><section id=\"fly\">\n<div class=\"ad\">\n<div class=\"adin\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The part of the collection you can fly<\/div>\n<h2>You cannot borrow a Hornet. You can fly a real military jet with your hands on the stick.<\/h2>\n<p class=\"adp\">MiGFlug flies the L-39 Albatros &mdash; the Czech jet trainer that taught a generation of Warsaw Pact fighter pilots, the other side of the fence the CF-104s at Baden-Soellingen and Zweibr&#252;cken spent thirty years watching. A real military aircraft, a real second seat, aerobatics and time on the controls.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/l-39-albatros-in-switzerland\/\">Fly the L-39 Albatros<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Around 4 Wing Cold Lake<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/royal-canadian-air-force\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The operator<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Royal Canadian Air Force<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Fleet, bases and order of battle of the service that flies from here.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Royal Canadian Air Force page<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fa-18-hornet\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Based here<\/span><span class=\"rh\">CF-188 Hornet<\/span><span class=\"rp\">History, specifications and stories in the Book of Beasts.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the CF-188 Hornet story<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/air-force\/corporate\/who-we-are\/organizational-structure\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Royal Canadian Air Force: Organizational structure<\/a><span>divisions, wings and squadrons as the service lists them<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/air-force\/corporate\/who-we-are\/organizational-structure\/1-canadian-air-division\/4-wing.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">4 Wing Cold Lake<\/a><span>fighter wing, squadrons, air weapons range<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/department-national-defence\/maple-leaf\/rcaf\/2024\/03\/rcaf-embarks-bridge-flit-419-squadron-begins-hiatus.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">RCAF embarks on Bridge FLIT as 419 Squadron begins hiatus<\/a><span>8 March 2024 stand-down, the CT-155 Hawk&rsquo;s end and the interim training arrangements in Texas, Finland and Italy<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.navcanada.ca\/en\/flight-planning\/aeronautical-information-products.aspx\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Canada Flight Supplement and Military Flight Supplement, NAV CANADA<\/a><span>runway designators, lengths and surfaces; lengths are published in feet and converted to metres here<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ourairports.com\/data\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">OurAirports open aerodrome and runway data<\/a><span>coordinates, elevations and runway dimensions, cross-checked against AIP Canada where available; lengths converted from feet to metres<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/department-national-defence\/news\/2016\/05\/royal-canadian-air-force-hosts-exercise-maple-flag.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Royal Canadian Air Force hosts Exercise MAPLE FLAG (news release)<\/a><span>the 30 May to 24 June 2016 dates, the 1,300 Canadian and 400-plus allied personnel and the participating nations and aircraft types<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/canada\/edmonton\/after-1-900-flying-hours-exercise-maple-flag-wraps-in-cold-lake-1.3651436\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">After 1,900 flying hours, Exercise Maple Flag wraps in Cold Lake<\/a><span>the 1,137 sorties, 1,945.08 flying hours, 1,063 simulated kills, 257 target complexes, 1,070,400 lb of fuel passed and the eight live and 69 inert weapons, and the Major Christopher Horch quotation<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/canada\/edmonton\/cf-18-fighter-jet-cold-lake-crash-thomas-mcqueen-report-1.4608199\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Distraction, pilot error blamed in fatal CF-18 crash near Cold Lake, Alta.<\/a><span>the 28 November 2016 accident, Captain Thomas McQueen&rsquo;s age and service, and the verbatim findings of the flight safety investigation<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tsb.gc.ca\/eng\/medias-media\/communiques\/aviation\/2018\/a16w0094-20180105.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Investigation brief: Accident during 2016 Cold Lake Air Show, Alberta<\/a><span>the 17 July 2016 T-28B accident, the single fatality, the absence of post-impact fire and the minor damage to airfield infrastructure<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/skyvector.com\/airport\/CYOD\/Cold-Lake-Group-Captain-R-W-Airport\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">SkyVector: CYOD Cold Lake\/Group Captain R.W. Airport<\/a><span>runway designators, lengths and widths in feet (12,599 x 200, 9,999 x 150 and 8,273 x 200), field elevation 1,775 ft and the published coordinates; converted to metres here. Source publishes in feet; the Canada Flight Supplement itself is not freely retrievable<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/public-services-procurement\/news\/2023\/01\/canada-finalizes-agreement-to-purchase-new-fighter-jets-for-royal-canadian-air-force.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Canada finalizes agreement to purchase new fighter jets for the Royal Canadian Air Force<\/a><span>the 9 January 2023 agreement for 88 aircraft at a stated $19 billion, the Cold Lake and Bagotville fighter squadron facilities and the 2032&ndash;2034 full operational capability<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.19fortyfive.com\/2026\/09\/canadas-first-f-35s-reach-luke-air-force-base-this-year-and-canadian-soil-in-2028-saabs-jas-39-gripen-could-join-them\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Canada&rsquo;s First F-35s Reach Luke Air Force Base This Year and Canadian Soil in 2028<\/a><span>the state of the F-35 review as of September 2026, the sixteen committed aircraft, the Luke Air Force Base training arrangement and the 2028 arrival in Canada<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/department-national-defence\/news\/2020\/08\/government-awards-design-contract-for-future-fighter-infrastructure-in-cold-lake.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Government awards design contract for future fighter infrastructure in Cold Lake<\/a><span>the 27 August 2020 $9.2 million design contract for future fighter facilities at 4 Wing<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Verified 2026-09-21.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .ph1{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ca-hero-cold-lake-1.jpg)!important}<\/style>\n<style>#mfam .cflag{background-image:url(https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/swiss-canton-flags-sprite-v2.png)!important}#mfam 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Vicky Lefrancois, DAirPA \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) OperatorRoyal Canadian Air ForceProvince or territoryAlbertaElevation541 mCoordinates54.4050 N, 110.2790 W Share The story 4 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":22998,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-24736","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>4 Wing Cold Lake | MiGFlug<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/nl\/luchtbases\/koud-meer\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"nl_NL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"4 Wing Cold Lake | MiGFlug\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Order of Battle &middot; Royal Canadian Air Force &middot; Air base 4 Wing Cold Lake 4e Escadre Cold Lake Active (fighter main operating base; NORAD alert) CYODICAO 3,840 mRunway 1954Opened ActiveStatus Photo: Cpl. 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