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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero photo\">\n<div class=\"heroimg ph1\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/royal-netherlands-air-and-space-force\/\">Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force<\/a> &middot; Air base<\/div>\n<h1>Leeuwarden Air Base<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">Vliegbasis Leeuwarden<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">Active (two F-35A squadrons and the MQ-9A Reaper squadron)<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>EHLW<\/b><span>ICAO<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>2,452 m<\/b><span>Runway<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1938<\/b><span>Opened<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>Active<\/b><span>Status<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"photocred\">Photo: Defensie \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Operator<\/b>Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Province<\/b>Friesland (Frysl&#226;n)<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Elevation<\/b>1 m<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Coordinates<\/b>53.2253 N, 5.7525 E<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>Leeuwarden Air Base: what it was built for and what flies there now<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<p>Leeuwarden, just north-west of the Frisian capital, became an official aerodrome in 1938. The Luftwaffe used it during the Second World War, and in 1949 the air force took the field over from KLM. It has been a fighter base ever since: Gloster Meteors until 1956, Hawker Hunters until 1964, then the F-104 Starfighter.<\/p>\n<p>In 1979 Leeuwarden became the first Dutch base to swap the Starfighter for the F-16, and forty years later it was again first in line for the next generation: the F-35A has flown from here since the autumn of 2019. Its two F-35 squadrons have distinct jobs. 322 Squadron, formed in England in 1943, carries the quick-reaction alert that Leeuwarden and Volkel share for the Benelux; 323 Squadron is the Air Combat Development Centre, which writes tactics and hosts the international Weapons Instructor Course.<\/p>\n<p>Since 2022 the base has also been home to 306 Squadron and its MQ-9A Reapers, a system of eight aircraft and four ground stations that flies surveillance missions and is being armed: the squadron page says weapons in 2026, the aircraft page full use of weapons in 2028. The base emblem, a flying dragon, and its motto Amicis inimicis promptus (ready for friend and foe) come from Frisian chronicles of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"sat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Satellite<\/div>\n<h2>Leeuwarden from above<\/h2>\n<div class=\"satfig\" id=\"satfig\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Enlarge the satellite view\">\n<div class=\"satimg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Leeuwarden Air Base seen from above\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"satzoom\">Click to enlarge<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"satcap\"><b>2 runways, the longest 2,452 m.<\/b><span>Imagery: Esri, Maxar, Earthstar Geographics and the GIS user community<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"satlb\" id=\"satlb\"><span class=\"satlbx\">Close<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"satbig\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Leeuwarden Air Base seen from above, enlarged\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<style>#mfam .satimg{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=5.70696,53.21260,5.79810,53.23794\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=1600,743\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}#mfam .satbig{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=5.70969,53.20817,5.79537,53.24237\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=2048,1365\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}@media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=5.73137,53.21260,5.77369,53.23794\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=760,760\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}}<\/style>\n<div id=\"sat-data\" data-js=\"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\"><\/div>\n<p><script>(function(){var el=document.getElementById(\"sat-data\");var js=decodeURIComponent(escape(atob(el.getAttribute(\"data-js\"))));var sc=document.createElement(\"script\");sc.text=js;document.body.appendChild(sc);})();<\/script><section class=\"pqband\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"pqrow\">\n<figure class=\"pq\">\n<blockquote><p>Main difference is in the planning process. During Red Flag planning takes much more time, around 15 till 16 hours. During Frisian Flag this is much more compressed and takes around 12 hours with one mass debrief in the end.<\/blockquote><figcaption><b>Lt. Col. Blade Thornton<\/b><span>Commander of the Minnesota Air National Guard &ldquo;Bulldogs&rdquo; (148th Fighter Wing), comparing Red Flag with Frisian Flag at Leeuwarden in April 2019<\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/theaviationist.com\/2019\/04\/08\/minnesota-ang-f-16s-join-german-polish-french-swiss-and-dutch-combat-aircraft-for-frisian-flag-2019\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Aviationist<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"pq\">\n<blockquote><p>The declaration of IOC ushers in a new era of air power that gives the RNLAF transformational capabilities,<\/blockquote><figcaption><b>Bridget Lauderdale<\/b><span>F-35 Program Vice President and General Manager, Lockheed Martin, on the Dutch F-35 initial operational capability declared on 27 December 2021<\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/theaviationist.com\/2021\/12\/27\/rnlaf-f-35-ioc\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Aviationist<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>Leeuwarden Air Base in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Location &amp; codes<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>ICAO<\/dt>\n<dd>EHLW<\/dd>\n<dt>Country<\/dt>\n<dd>Netherlands<\/dd>\n<dt>Province<\/dt>\n<dd>Friesland<span class=\"gnote\">Frysl&#226;n<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Coordinates<\/dt>\n<dd>53.2253 N, 5.7525 E<\/dd>\n<dt>Elevation<\/dt>\n<dd>1 m <span class=\"imp\">(3 ft)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Usage<\/dt>\n<dd>Military<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Runways &amp; facilities<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Runways<\/dt>\n<dd>2<\/dd>\n<dt>Designator<\/dt>\n<dd>05\/23<\/dd>\n<dt>Length<\/dt>\n<dd>2,452 m <span class=\"imp\">(8,045 ft)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Surface<\/dt>\n<dd>Tarmac\/concrete<\/dd>\n<dt>Designator 2<\/dt>\n<dd>09\/27<\/dd>\n<dt>Length<\/dt>\n<dd>2,000 m <span class=\"imp\">(6,562 ft)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Surface<\/dt>\n<dd>Tarmac\/concrete<\/dd>\n<dt>Quick Reaction Alert<\/dt>\n<dd>Benelux QRA, shared with Belgium since 1 January 2017 and rotated between Leeuwarden and Volkel<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Command &amp; status<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Status<\/dt>\n<dd>Active<span class=\"gnote\">two F-35A squadrons and the MQ-9A Reaper squadron<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Operator<\/dt>\n<dd>Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force<\/dd>\n<dt>Opened<\/dt>\n<dd>1938<\/dd>\n<dt>Command<\/dt>\n<dd>Air Combat Command, Vliegbasis Leeuwarden<\/dd>\n<dt>Resident units<\/dt>\n<dd>3 current, 0 former<\/dd>\n<dt>Based types<\/dt>\n<dd>2<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"units\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Resident units<\/div>\n<h2>Who flies from Leeuwarden Air Base<\/h2>\n<div class=\"oob\">\n<div><span>Current<\/span><em>3 units<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>322 Squadron<small>Fighter squadron &middot; active &middot; from 1964<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-35-lightning-ii\/\">F-35A Lightning II<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>323 Squadron (Air Combat Development Centre)<small>Fighter squadron and tactics development centre &middot; active &middot; from 1949<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-35-lightning-ii\/\">F-35A Lightning II<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>306 Squadron<small>Remotely piloted aircraft squadron &middot; active &middot; from 2022<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mq-9-reaper\/\">MQ-9A Reaper<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Aircraft types based here<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-35-lightning-ii\/\">F-35A Lightning II<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mq-9-reaper\/\">MQ-9A Reaper<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"teams\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Display teams<\/div>\n<h2>The display team based at Leeuwarden<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/display-teams\/rnlaf-f-16-solo-display-team\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Solo display<\/span><span class=\"rh\">RNLAF F-16 Solo Display Team<\/span><span class=\"rp\">The Dutch solo F-16 display that toured European shows for more than three decades, rotating between squadrons and ending with the orange &ldquo;Orange Lion&rdquo; jet.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the RNLAF F-16 Solo Display Team page<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"knownfor\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Claim to fame<\/div>\n<h2>What Leeuwarden is known for<\/h2>\n<div class=\"kfgrid\">\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">01<\/div>\n<h3>The first Dutch jet fighter base<\/h3>\n<p>When Gloster Meteors of 323 Squadron flew in from Twenthe in January 1949, Leeuwarden became the first operational Dutch air base with jet fighters. It has flown fighters ever since.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">323 Squadron moved in on 28 January 1949, ten weeks after it formed at Twenthe on 15 November 1948.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">02<\/div>\n<h3>First with the F-16<\/h3>\n<p>Leeuwarden swapped the F-104 Starfighter for the F-16 before any other Dutch base, and its 322 Squadron was later the first unit to fly the upgraded mid-life update version.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">The first F-16 in Dutch service, the two-seat J-259, arrived at Leeuwarden in 1979; 322 Squadron was declared the first operational Dutch F-16 squadron on 1 May 1981.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">03<\/div>\n<h3>First home of the Dutch F-35<\/h3>\n<p>The Netherlands&rsquo; stealth fighters showed themselves here first, on a 2016 noise-test visit, and the first F-35A to be based in the country arrived here three years later.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">F-001 and F-002 landed on 23 May 2016; the first based F-35A arrived on 31 October 2019, and the air force declared initial operational capability on 27 December 2021 with 24 jets delivered.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">04<\/div>\n<h3>Host of Frisian Flag<\/h3>\n<p>Every spring Leeuwarden fills with visiting fighters for Frisian Flag, a large-force exercise named after the province and modelled on the American Red Flag.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">Begun in 1992 as DIATIT and renamed Frisian Flag in 1999, it drew more than 60 combat aircraft from eight NATO nations in 2017.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">05<\/div>\n<h3>Europe&rsquo;s fighter-tactics school<\/h3>\n<p>323 Squadron, the Air Combat Development Centre, writes F-35 tactics and runs a six-month Weapons Instructor Course for the most experienced pilots of several air forces.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">The 2021 course ran from 3 May to 22 October and trained pilots from Belgium, the Netherlands and Norway.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">06<\/div>\n<h3>Home of the Dutch Reapers<\/h3>\n<p>Since early 2022 Leeuwarden has also housed 306 Squadron and the unmanned MQ-9A Reaper, flown by a pilot and a sensor operator who need not be anywhere near the area they watch.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">One system of 8 aircraft and 4 ground control stations; the Reapers can stay aloft for up to 27 hours, and their deployment over NATO&rsquo;s eastern flank was extended on 21 September 2026 to 31 December 2027.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"deep\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Go deeper<\/div>\n<h2>The long version<\/h2>\n<div class=\"deep\">\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">01<\/span><span>From KLM halt to Fliegerhorst, 1938&ndash;1945<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>Leeuwarden began as a civil field. It opened on 24 June 1938, according to the Luftwaffe airfields study compiled by the historian Henry de Zeng, and the Ministry of Defence records that it became an official aerodrome that year, used mainly by KLM as a stop between Schiphol and Eelde near Groningen. The preserved KLM station building from that era survives on the base and now houses its Traditiekamer, the heritage room that tells the base&rsquo;s history.<\/p>\n<p>The German invasion of May 1940 changed everything. The Luftwaffe rated Leeuwarden its most important air base in northern Holland, and by late summer 1940 some 7,500 labourers were building three concrete runways of 1,500, 1,300 and 1,200 metres, hangars, workshops and flak positions, all heavily camouflaged. The Defence ministry adds that rubble from the bombing of Rotterdam went into the runways and taxiways. By November 1942 there were 74 aircraft shelters and 16 hardstands spread over three dispersal areas.<\/p>\n<p>Fighters came first: I.\/JG 51 in the summer of 1940 and II.\/JG 52 that winter, then bombers of III.\/KG 4. From November 1941 Leeuwarden became a night-fighter station, with II.\/NJG 2 until September 1942 and IV.\/NJG 1 from October 1942 to March 1944. III.\/JG 1 flew day fighters from here in 1943. The field was attacked repeatedly, and after severe raids in September 1944 it was downgraded to an advanced landing ground. Before Canadian troops arrived in April 1945 the Germans wrecked most runways and hangars.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">02<\/span><span>The first jets and NATO&rsquo;s busiest field, 1949&ndash;1979<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>After the liberation KLM briefly flew from Leeuwarden to Schiphol again, but in 1949 the air force took the field over. On 28 January 1949 323 Squadron arrived from Twenthe with Gloster Meteor F.4s, which the Defence ministry says made Leeuwarden the first operational Dutch air base with jet fighters. 322 Squadron, the unit formed from Dutch pilots in the RAF in 1943, would later settle here for good.<\/p>\n<p>In the early years of NATO the base was, in the ministry&rsquo;s own words, the most used air base in Western Europe, as allied air forces exercised from it. The fighters kept changing: the Meteor served until 1956, the Hawker Hunter from 1956 to 1964, and then the Lockheed F-104G Starfighter, which 322 and 323 Squadrons flew for fifteen years. The squadron history summarised on Wikipedia dates 322 Squadron&rsquo;s arrival at Leeuwarden with the Starfighter to April 1964.<\/p>\n<p>The Starfighter years produced one of the stranger episodes in Dutch military history. At 4.54 in the morning of 11 June 1977, as marines stormed the train hijacked near De Punt, six F-104Gs flew low over the scene to distract the hijackers. Six hijackers and two hostages were killed in the assault that ended the 20-day siege. Secondary sources attribute the low passes to 322 Squadron from Leeuwarden; no official Dutch account naming the unit was found for this page.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">03<\/span><span>Forty-two years of F-16s, 1979&ndash;2021<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>In 1979 Leeuwarden became the first Dutch base to exchange the Starfighter for the F-16. The first F-16 in Dutch service was a two-seat B model, J-259, delivered here. 322 Squadron began converting in 1980 and, according to its published squadron history, became the first operational Dutch F-16 squadron on 1 May 1981. From 1981 the Dutch F-16 force also carried the quick-reaction alert for Dutch airspace, a task it would hold for 43 years.<\/p>\n<p>Leeuwarden&rsquo;s F-16s were again first when the fleet was modernised: the Defence ministry records that 322 Squadron was the first to fly the mid-life update version, the F-16AM. Secondary sources list the squadron&rsquo;s F-16 deployments to Operation Enduring Freedom in 2002&ndash;2003, to ISAF in Afghanistan between 2005 and 2014 and to Libya in 2011. At home, 323 Squadron became the tactical training, evaluation and standardisation squadron, TACTES, which Wikipedia records as standing down on 31 October 2014 before the number returned for the F-35.<\/p>\n<p>The base also held a search and rescue flight. 303 Squadron flew three Agusta-Bell 412SP helicopters from Leeuwarden over the Wadden Sea and North Sea until it stood down on 1 January 2015 (the stand-down date is from a secondary source). The last F-16 flight by 322 Squadron came on 5 July 2021, when four aircraft left for Volkel; the type left Dutch service altogether in September 2024.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">04<\/span><span>Frisian Flag and the Weapons Instructor Course<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>Leeuwarden has been the air force&rsquo;s centre for fighter tactics since the 1950s, helped by the empty airspace over the North Sea and the Vliehors bombing range on Vlieland. Today that role belongs to 323 Squadron, the Air Combat Development Centre, which the Defence ministry calls the European knowledge centre for tactical fighter operations. It develops and tests F-35 tactics, organises Frisian Flag and runs the Weapons Instructor Course.<\/p>\n<p>Frisian Flag began in 1992 as DIATIT, in the wake of NATO&rsquo;s intervention over Bosnia, and took its present name in 1999. Specialist press counted more than 60 combat aircraft from eight NATO nations in 2017, with tankers at Eindhoven and NATO AWACS aircraft from Geilenkirchen, and more than 50 aircraft from six nations in 2019, when the Minnesota Air National Guard alone sent ten F-16s, 24 pilots and 160 support staff. Missions launch twice a day into Dutch, German and Danish airspace.<\/p>\n<p>The Weapons Instructor Course lasts six months. In 2021 it ran from 3 May to 22 October: four weeks of theory, an air-to-air phase from late June, air-to-surface work in August and an examination phase in October, with Belgian, Dutch and Norwegian pilots. From 2021 Patriot operators, intelligence officers and air battle managers could also qualify as instructors. The course has its own hazards: in July 2021 a Belgian F-16 attending it jumped its chocks on start-up and hit a building.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">05<\/span><span>The first Dutch F-35 base<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>The F-35 came to Leeuwarden in two steps. On 23 May 2016 the first two Dutch F-35As, F-001 and F-002, landed here after crossing the Atlantic from Edwards Air Force Base with KDC-10 tanker support, flown by Colonel Bert de Smit and Major Pascal Smaal. They stayed to conduct noise tests in the air and on the ground, flew over the North Sea ranges and appeared at the Open Days air show.<\/p>\n<p>Permanent basing began on 31 October 2019, when the first F-35A assembled at Cameri in Italy was ferried in by the commander of 323 Test and Evaluation Squadron; the airport fire crews, having forgotten to switch their tanks after an earlier call-out, greeted it with foam instead of the traditional water salute. 322 Squadron converted, and on 27 December 2021 the Netherlands declared initial operational capability, the eighth country to do so, with 24 F-35As delivered, 55 pilots and 262 maintainers.<\/p>\n<p>In March 2024 the F-16 handed quick-reaction alert to the F-35, and the Defence ministry now lists Leeuwarden, Volkel and Luke Air Force Base in Arizona as the F-35 bases. 322 Squadron stands on alert for NATO air defence and takes part in air policing on Europe&rsquo;s eastern border; the Benelux alert rotates with Volkel and, since 1 January 2017, with Belgium.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">06<\/span><span>Reapers and the eastern flank<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>306 Squadron was first formed in 1953 as a photo-reconnaissance unit, flew over the former Yugoslavia in the 1990s, was disbanded in 2010 and was revived in September 2018 for the MQ-9A Reaper. The Defence ministry says the Reaper has been based at Leeuwarden since early 2022. Wikipedia&rsquo;s base article gives 2020 for the first aircraft; the official date is used here. The system comprises eight aircraft and four ground control stations.<\/p>\n<p>A pilot and a sensor operator fly each mission through a satellite link with a delay of half a second to a second. The squadron&rsquo;s processing, exploitation and dissemination cell turns the imagery into intelligence, and has supported the Resolute Support mission in Afghanistan and Inherent Resolve in the Middle East. Since August 2024 Dutch Reapers have flown from Romania over NATO&rsquo;s eastern flank; on 21 September 2026 the government extended that deployment to 31 December 2027, noting that the American contribution was ending.<\/p>\n<p>The Reapers are flown unarmed for now. Official sources disagree on the timing of armament: the squadron page says the MQ-9s will be fitted with weapons in 2026, while the aircraft page says the munitions can be fully used in 2028. Both dates are official; which describes the current plan is not stated. The aircraft page gives the Reaper an endurance of up to 27 hours and a ceiling of 15 kilometres.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>Leeuwarden, year by year<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1938<\/div>\n<p>Leeuwarden opens as a civil aerodrome on 24 June, a KLM stop between Schiphol and Eelde.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1940<\/div>\n<p>The Luftwaffe takes over in May; some 7,500 labourers build three concrete runways by late summer.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1942<\/div>\n<p>IV.\/NJG 1 night fighters arrive in October and stay until March 1944.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1944<\/div>\n<p>About 90 B-26 Marauders crater the runways on 24 February; severe raids in September reduce the field to an advanced landing ground.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1945<\/div>\n<p>The Germans wreck most runways and hangars before Canadian forces take the airfield in April.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1949<\/div>\n<p>The air force takes over; 323 Squadron&rsquo;s Meteors arrive on 28 January, the first Dutch jets at an operational base.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1956<\/div>\n<p>The Hawker Hunter replaces the Meteor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1964<\/div>\n<p>The F-104G Starfighter replaces the Hunter; 322 Squadron reforms at Leeuwarden in April (secondary source).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1977<\/div>\n<p>Six F-104Gs fly low over the hijacked train at De Punt on 11 June to distract the hijackers.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1979<\/div>\n<p>The first Dutch F-16, the two-seat J-259, arrives; Leeuwarden is the first F-16 base.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1981<\/div>\n<p>322 Squadron becomes the first operational Dutch F-16 squadron on 1 May.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1992<\/div>\n<p>The exercise that becomes Frisian Flag begins as DIATIT; it is renamed in 1999.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2012<\/div>\n<p>A KLM Cityhopper Fokker 70 and a US F-15C come within 722 metres during Frisian Flag on 19 April.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2016<\/div>\n<p>The first two Dutch F-35As land on 23 May; on 9 June two Patrouille Suisse F-5Es collide near the base.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2018<\/div>\n<p>306 Squadron is reactivated in September for the MQ-9A Reaper.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2019<\/div>\n<p>The first F-35A to be based in the Netherlands arrives on 31 October.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2021<\/div>\n<p>322 Squadron flies its last F-16 sortie on 5 July; F-35 initial operational capability is declared on 27 December.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2022<\/div>\n<p>The MQ-9A Reaper is based at Leeuwarden from early in the year.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"incidents\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Incidents &amp; stories<\/div>\n<h2>What happened here<\/h2>\n<div class=\"inc\">\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">24 February 1944<\/div>\n<h3>Marauders crater the Fliegerhorst<\/h3>\n<p>Leeuwarden was one of the Luftwaffe&rsquo;s key night-fighter stations, and the Allies attacked it repeatedly. The Luftwaffe airfields study records that about 90 B-26 Marauders bombed it on 24 February 1944, cratering the runways, destroying five hangars and damaging many other buildings. Earlier raids had already cost the Germans aircraft on the ground: on 30 April 1942 two Bf 110s of II.\/NJG 2 were destroyed. German casualty figures for these raids were not found and are not given here.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ww2.dk\/Airfields%20-%20Netherlands.pdf\">Henry L. de Zeng IV, Luftwaffe Airfields 1935&ndash;45: Netherlands<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">16&ndash;17 September 1944<\/div>\n<h3>The raids that ended the Fliegerhorst<\/h3>\n<p>In the days around Operation Market Garden the Royal Air Force bombed Leeuwarden heavily; Wikipedia&rsquo;s base article dates the attacks to 16 and 17 September 1944. The Luftwaffe airfields study says severe Allied raids that month forced the Luftwaffe to downgrade the base to an advanced landing ground. The Defence ministry records that during the liberation in April 1945 the Germans destroyed most of the runways and hangars.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ww2.dk\/Airfields%20-%20Netherlands.pdf\">Henry L. de Zeng IV, Luftwaffe Airfields 1935&ndash;45: Netherlands<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">11 June 1977<\/div>\n<h3>Starfighters over the train at De Punt<\/h3>\n<p>After a 20-day siege of a train hijacked near De Punt in Drenthe, the government ordered an assault at dawn. At 4.54 six F-104G Starfighters flew low over the train to distract the hijackers while explosives were set off and marines opened fire. Six hijackers and two hostages were killed. The squadron history summarised on Wikipedia credits the low passes to 322 Squadron from Leeuwarden; no official source confirming the unit was found, so the attribution is secondary.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1977_Dutch_train_hijacking\">Wikipedia (finding aid): 1977 Dutch train hijacking<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">19 April 2012<\/div>\n<h3>Airliner and F-15 near miss during Frisian Flag<\/h3>\n<p>During Frisian Flag, run from Leeuwarden from 16 to 27 April 2012, a US Air Force F-15C came within 722 metres horizontally and 156 metres vertically of a KLM Cityhopper Fokker 70 carrying 45 people in German airspace. The Dutch Safety Board found the Dutch fighter controller had apparently lost the overview, and that the air force had not been told in advance of the airliner&rsquo;s route or planned for civil traffic. The US Air Force did not fully cooperate; the F-15 pilot did not answer the board&rsquo;s questions.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/onderzoeksraad.nl\/pers\/bijna-botsing-vliegtuigen-door-onvoldoende-voorbereiding-militaire\/\">Dutch Safety Board (Onderzoeksraad voor Veiligheid)<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">9 June 2016<\/div>\n<h3>Patrouille Suisse collision before the Open Days<\/h3>\n<p>At about 4 pm, while rehearsing for the air force Open Days at Leeuwarden on 10 and 11 June, two Northrop F-5E Tiger IIs of the Swiss display team Patrouille Suisse collided near the base. The pilot of aircraft number three ejected with minor injuries and came down on a greenhouse; his jet crashed into a pond. Number two returned damaged but safely. The Swiss military led the investigation, and the Dutch Safety Board published its own report in English on 1 November 2018.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/onderzoeksraad.nl\/onderzoek\/botsing-in-de-lucht-tijdens-training-voor-een-luchtvaartvertoning\/\">Dutch Safety Board (Onderzoeksraad voor Veiligheid)<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">31 October 2019<\/div>\n<h3>Foam instead of water for the first F-35<\/h3>\n<p>The first F-35A to be based in the Netherlands, ferried from the Cameri assembly line in Italy, was meant to receive the traditional water-cannon salute on arrival at Leeuwarden. Instead the base fire crews covered it in firefighting foam: according to a report relayed by The Aviationist, they had forgotten to switch their tanks from foam to water after answering an emergency earlier that day. The aircraft was flown in by the commander of 323 Test and Evaluation Squadron.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/theaviationist.com\/2019\/11\/01\/ooops-first-dutch-f-35a-accidentally-gets-foam-party-instead-of-water-salute\/\">The Aviationist<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">1 July 2021<\/div>\n<h3>A runaway Belgian F-16 hits a building<\/h3>\n<p>A Belgian Air Force F-16, FA130 of 2 Wing from Florennes, was taking part in the Weapons Instructor Course when, according to details released by the Royal Netherlands Air Force, it accelerated on its own during engine start while the crew chief was still working on it. It jumped its chocks and crashed into a building opposite the flight line. The pilot ejected and landed near the base; both he and the crew chief were injured and taken to hospital. Investigation findings were not found.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/theaviationist.com\/2021\/07\/01\/belgian-f-16-mishap-leeuwarden\/\">The Aviationist<\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"map\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Location<\/div>\n<h2>Leeuwarden Air Base and its neighbours<\/h2>\n<div class=\"mapframe\">\n<div id=\"oobmap\" class=\"oobmap\" style=\"height:440px\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"legend\"><span><i class=\"dot\"><\/i> Active air base<\/span><span><i class=\"dot was\"><\/i> Closed or reserve<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"nearbytbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Nearby base<\/th>\n<th>ICAO<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Based types<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr data-base=\"volkel\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/volkel\/\">Volkel Air Base<\/a><\/td>\n<td>EHVK<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td>F-35A Lightning II<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"de-kooy\">\n<td>De Kooy Naval Air Station<\/td>\n<td>EHKD<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td>NH90 NFH<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"twenthe\" class=\"was\">\n<td>Twenthe Air Base<\/td>\n<td>EHTW<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Closed 2007<\/span><\/td>\n<td>F-16A\/B Fighting Falcon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about Leeuwarden Air Base<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>Where is Leeuwarden Air Base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The base lies just north-west of Leeuwarden, the capital of Friesland (Frysl&#226;n) in the north of the Netherlands. Its ICAO code is EHLW. The Dutch military AIP gives two runways, 05\/23 of about 2,452 metres and 09\/27 of about 2,000 metres, and an elevation of roughly 1 metre.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What flies from Leeuwarden today?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Two F-35A Lightning II squadrons, 322 Squadron and 323 Squadron (the Air Combat Development Centre), and 306 Squadron with the MQ-9A Reaper. Support squadrons 921 and 922 handle logistics, weapons, air traffic control, fire services and security.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>When did the F-35 arrive at Leeuwarden?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The first two Dutch F-35As visited on 23 May 2016 for noise tests and the Open Days. The first F-35A to be based in the Netherlands arrived on 31 October 2019, and initial operational capability was declared on 27 December 2021.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Was Leeuwarden really the first Dutch jet base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes, according to the Defence ministry. 323 Squadron brought its Gloster Meteors from Twenthe on 28 January 1949, making Leeuwarden the first operational Dutch base with jet fighters. Meteors were followed by Hunters in 1956, Starfighters in 1964 and F-16s in 1979.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is Frisian Flag?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">An annual large-force exercise run from Leeuwarden, begun in 1992 as DIATIT and renamed in 1999. It brings fighters, tankers and AWACS from several NATO nations together; more than 60 combat aircraft from eight nations took part in 2017.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Does Leeuwarden keep fighters on quick-reaction alert?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. 322 Squadron stands ready to defend NATO airspace, and the Benelux quick-reaction alert rotates between Leeuwarden and Volkel and, since 1 January 2017, is shared with Belgium. Dutch F-16s held the task from 1981 until the F-35 took over in March 2024.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Are the Leeuwarden Reapers armed?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Not yet. Official sources disagree on timing: the squadron page says the MQ-9s will be armed in 2026, while the aircraft page says munitions can be fully used from 2028. The system has 8 aircraft and 4 ground control stations and is deployed over NATO&rsquo;s eastern flank until at least the end of 2027.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What does the base emblem mean?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The flying dragon recalls sixteenth- and seventeenth-century chronicles of dragons sighted in south-west Friesland, and stands for protecting the region. The motto, Amicis inimicis promptus, means ready for friend and foe.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is Leeuwarden Air Base still an active military air base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. Active (two F-35A squadrons and the MQ-9A Reaper squadron). The Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force operates it as Air Combat Command, Vliegbasis Leeuwarden.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is the ICAO code of Leeuwarden Air Base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The ICAO code of Leeuwarden Air Base is EHLW. The airfield sits at 1 m above sea level in Friesland (Frysl&#226;n), at 53.2253 N, 5.7525 E.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How long is the runway at Leeuwarden Air Base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Leeuwarden Air Base has 2 runways: 05\/23, 2,452 m (8,045 ft), tarmac\/concrete; 09\/27, 2,000 m (6,562 ft), tarmac\/concrete.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Which squadrons are based at Leeuwarden Air Base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Leeuwarden Air Base currently hosts 322 Squadron flying the F-35A Lightning II; 323 Squadron (Air Combat Development Centre) flying the F-35A Lightning II; 306 Squadron flying the MQ-9A Reaper.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Where is Leeuwarden Air Base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The base lies just north-west of Leeuwarden, the capital of Friesland (Frysl\\u00e2n) in the north of the Netherlands. Its ICAO code is EHLW. The Dutch military AIP gives two runways, 05\/23 of about 2,452 metres and 09\/27 of about 2,000 metres, and an elevation of roughly 1 metre.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What flies from Leeuwarden today?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Two F-35A Lightning II squadrons, 322 Squadron and 323 Squadron (the Air Combat Development Centre), and 306 Squadron with the MQ-9A Reaper. Support squadrons 921 and 922 handle logistics, weapons, air traffic control, fire services and security.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"When did the F-35 arrive at Leeuwarden?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The first two Dutch F-35As visited on 23 May 2016 for noise tests and the Open Days. The first F-35A to be based in the Netherlands arrived on 31 October 2019, and initial operational capability was declared on 27 December 2021.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Was Leeuwarden really the first Dutch jet base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes, according to the Defence ministry. 323 Squadron brought its Gloster Meteors from Twenthe on 28 January 1949, making Leeuwarden the first operational Dutch base with jet fighters. Meteors were followed by Hunters in 1956, Starfighters in 1964 and F-16s in 1979.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is Frisian Flag?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"An annual large-force exercise run from Leeuwarden, begun in 1992 as DIATIT and renamed in 1999. It brings fighters, tankers and AWACS from several NATO nations together; more than 60 combat aircraft from eight nations took part in 2017.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Does Leeuwarden keep fighters on quick-reaction alert?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. 322 Squadron stands ready to defend NATO airspace, and the Benelux quick-reaction alert rotates between Leeuwarden and Volkel and, since 1 January 2017, is shared with Belgium. Dutch F-16s held the task from 1981 until the F-35 took over in March 2024.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Are the Leeuwarden Reapers armed?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Not yet. Official sources disagree on timing: the squadron page says the MQ-9s will be armed in 2026, while the aircraft page says munitions can be fully used from 2028. The system has 8 aircraft and 4 ground control stations and is deployed over NATO\\u2019s eastern flank until at least the end of 2027.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What does the base emblem mean?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The flying dragon recalls sixteenth- and seventeenth-century chronicles of dragons sighted in south-west Friesland, and stands for protecting the region. The motto, Amicis inimicis promptus, means ready for friend and foe.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is Leeuwarden Air Base still an active military air base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. Active (two F-35A squadrons and the MQ-9A Reaper squadron). The Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force operates it as Air Combat Command, Vliegbasis Leeuwarden.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the ICAO code of Leeuwarden Air Base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The ICAO code of Leeuwarden Air Base is EHLW. The airfield sits at 1 m above sea level in Friesland (Frysl\\u00e2n), at 53.2253 N, 5.7525 E.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How long is the runway at Leeuwarden Air Base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Leeuwarden Air Base has 2 runways: 05\/23, 2,452 m (8,045 ft), tarmac\/concrete; 09\/27, 2,000 m (6,562 ft), tarmac\/concrete.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Which squadrons are based at Leeuwarden Air Base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Leeuwarden Air Base currently hosts 322 Squadron flying the F-35A Lightning II; 323 Squadron (Air Combat Development Centre) flying the F-35A Lightning II; 306 Squadron flying the MQ-9A Reaper.\"}}]}<\/script><hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Around Leeuwarden Air Base<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/royal-netherlands-air-and-space-force\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The operator<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Fleet, bases and order of battle of the service that flies from here.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force page<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-35-lightning-ii\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Based here<\/span><span class=\"rh\">F-35A Lightning II<\/span><span class=\"rp\">History, specifications and stories in the Book of Beasts.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the F-35A Lightning II story<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mq-9-reaper\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Based here<\/span><span class=\"rh\">MQ-9A Reaper<\/span><span class=\"rp\">History, specifications and stories in the Book of Beasts.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the MQ-9A Reaper story<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defensie.nl\/onderwerpen\/m\/materieel\/vliegtuigen-en-helikopters\/mq-9-reaper\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">MQ-9 Reaper &mdash; Defensie.nl<\/a><span>8 aircraft, 4 ground stations, 306 Squadron, Romania 2024, armament by 2028<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/english.defensie.nl\/site\/binaries\/site-content\/collections\/documents\/2026\/07\/24\/milaip-09-26-part-3-ad2\/milaip-09-2026split-ad-deel-2-lw-vk-wo.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">MilAIP Netherlands 09\/26, AD part 2 &mdash; Defensie<\/a><span>Leeuwarden, Volkel and Woensdrecht aerodrome data<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defensie.nl\/organisatie\/luchtmacht\/vliegbases-en-luchtmachtonderdelen\/leeuwarden\/squadrons\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Defensie: Vliegbasis Leeuwarden, squadrons<\/a><span>322 (formed 12 June 1943 in England), 323 (15 November 1948, ACDC), 306 (1953, reactivated September 2018, MQ-9).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Verified 2026-09-28.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .ph1{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/w4-hero-leeuwarden.jpg)!important}<\/style>\n<style>#mfam .cflag{background-image:url(https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/swiss-canton-flags-sprite-v2.png)!important}#mfam .cf0{background-position:-2px -2px}#mfam .cf1{background-position:-22px -2px}#mfam .cf2{background-position:-42px -2px}#mfam .cf3{background-position:-62px -2px}#mfam .cf4{background-position:-82px 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