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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero\">\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; Syria<\/div>\n<h1>Syrian Air Force<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">&#1575;&#1604;&#1602;&#1608;&#1575;&#1578; &#1575;&#1604;&#1580;&#1608;&#1610;&#1577; &#1575;&#1604;&#1587;&#1608;&#1585;&#1610;&#1577; &middot; &#1575;&#1604;&#1602;&#1608;&#1575;&#1578; &#1575;&#1604;&#1580;&#1608;&#1610;&#1577; &#1575;&#1604;&#1593;&#1585;&#1576;&#1610;&#1577; &#1575;&#1604;&#1587;&#1608;&#1585;&#1610;&#1577;<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">The Syrian Air Force was founded in 1948, gave Syria its longest-ruling president in the former MiG pilot Hafez al-Assad, fought Israel in 1967, 1973 and over the Bekaa in 1982, and from 2012 was turned on Syrian towns with barrel bombs and, according to OPCW investigators, chemical weapons &mdash; then lost almost every aircraft in the Israeli strikes that followed the fall of the Assad government on 8 December 2024, and in 2026 is being rebuilt by the new government from a handful of helicopters and trainers.<\/p>\n<div class=\"marks\">\n<div class=\"mark\"><svg class=\"rondel\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Syrian national marking since 2025: green outer ring, white ring with three red stars, black centre\"><circle cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"49\" fill=\"#007a3d\"\/><circle cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"35\" fill=\"#ffffff\"\/><circle cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"17\" fill=\"#000000\"\/><polygon points=\"50.00,18.50 51.41,22.56 55.71,22.65 52.28,25.24 53.53,29.35 50.00,26.90 46.47,29.35 47.72,25.24 44.29,22.65 48.59,22.56\" fill=\"#ce1126\"\/><polygon points=\"28.00,57.00 29.41,61.06 33.71,61.15 30.28,63.74 31.53,67.85 28.00,65.40 24.47,67.85 25.72,63.74 22.29,61.15 26.59,61.06\" fill=\"#ce1126\"\/><polygon points=\"72.00,57.00 73.41,61.06 77.71,61.15 74.28,63.74 75.53,67.85 72.00,65.40 68.47,67.85 69.72,63.74 66.29,61.15 70.59,61.06\" fill=\"#ce1126\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"mk\">National marking<b>Green outer ring, white ring with three red stars, black centre, since 2025<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>2<\/b><span>Combat aircraft<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>3<\/b><span>Active air bases<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1948<\/b><span>Founded<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>15<\/b><span>Types retired<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Country<\/b>Syria<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Founded<\/b>1948<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Status<\/b>Active<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Headquarters<\/b>Damascus<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Commander<\/b>Asim al-Hawari<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>The Syrian Air Force story: Meteors and MiGs, Hafez al-Assad&rsquo;s air force, a civil war fought from the air and a new start after December 2024<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1948&ndash;1961: Harvards, Meteors and the first MiGs<\/h3>\n<p>The Syrian Air Force dates from 1948, two years after French and British forces left the country; its first pilot class graduated from a French-run flying school at Estabel in Lebanon. In the war of 1948 it flew North American T-6 Harvards in three squadrons and, by Wikipedia&rsquo;s account, claimed a single kill on 10 July, when a rear gunner shot down an Israeli fighter, and lost one T-6 to ground fire. Fiat G.55s and G.59s came from Italy, and under a January 1950 contract with Britain came Chipmunks, Spitfire Mk 22s and Gloster Meteor F.8 and T.7 jets, all 12 Meteors in Syria by 9 March 1953. In 1955 Damascus turned east and ordered 24 MiG-15bis and four two-seaters from Czechoslovakia, but most were still in Egypt when the Suez war began, and 20 were destroyed in British attacks on Abu Suweir. On 6 November 1956 Syrian Meteors of No. 9 Squadron shot down a Royal Air Force Canberra PR.7. Sixty MiG-17s ordered that year began arriving in January 1957; from 1958 to 1961 the service was merged into the air force of the United Arab Republic with Egypt.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1961&ndash;1973: the air force that ran Syria, and two wars with Israel<\/h3>\n<p>The air force was re-formed in 1961 with about 40 MiG-17Fs and four Il-28s, and quickly became a political base. Hafez al-Assad, commissioned as a pilot in 1955 and trained on the MiG-17 in the Soviet Union, became its commander by the end of 1964 according to his biography (the air force article dates his command from 1965) and Minister of Defence after the February 1966 coup. In June 1967 the air force flew a few strikes on northern Israel on the first day; Israel&rsquo;s Operation Focus destroyed 61 Syrian aircraft by the count in Wikipedia&rsquo;s account, while the air force article stresses that much of the fleet was dispersed to remote bases. In September 1970, when Syrian armour crossed into Jordan, the air force stayed on the ground, a decision attributed to the power struggle between Assad and Salah Jadid; two months later Assad seized power. For the October 1973 war Syria received more than 100 MiG-21M\/MFs, but the air force suffered heavy losses in air combat, and a Soviet airlift to Damascus and Aleppo began on 9 October. Loss figures for the Syrian front could not be confirmed for this page.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1974&ndash;2010: Soviet abundance, the Bekaa and the long grounding<\/h3>\n<p>Soviet aid then made the Syrian Air Force one of the largest in the region. The first MiG-23s arrived in April 1974, and a 1978 agreement brought MiG-23MFs, MiG-25 interceptors, MiG-23BN and Su-22 fighter-bombers. The force entered the 1982 Lebanon war weakened by the 1981 assassination of its commander, Mamdouh Hamdi Abaza, and a coup attempt. On 9 June 1982 Israel attacked the Syrian missile batteries in the Bekaa Valley; Israel claims 29 of 30 batteries destroyed and 82&ndash;86 Syrian aircraft shot down in the air battles of that week without losing an aircraft in air combat, while the Soviet army paper Krasnaya Zvezda reported 67 Israeli aircraft downed, a claim met with scepticism even in Moscow. In 1986 Syria ordered 24 MiG-29s and 24 Su-24s, delivered from 1987 but incomplete when Soviet aid ended in 1989. Then came the long decline: short of spares and fuel, the force was largely grounded through the 1990s and 2000s. Twenty-eight second-hand MiG-23MLDs and five MiG-23UBs came from Belarus in 2008, and the 36 Yak-130 trainers Russia announced in 2014 were never delivered.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">2011&ndash;2024: an air force turned on its own towns<\/h3>\n<p>When the uprising of 2011 became a civil war, the air force was turned on Syrian towns. Armed helicopters opened fire from 22 March 2012 and jets from 24 July 2012, starting with L-39 trainers, then MiG-21s and MiG-23s. Transport helicopters dropped improvised barrel bombs: Human Rights Watch counted more than 650 major damage sites consistent with barrel bombs in opposition-held Aleppo in the 140 days after UN Security Council resolution 2139 of 22 February 2014 demanded an end to them. The UN Commission of Inquiry found that in eastern Ghouta in 2018 Su-22s, Su-24s and Mi-8\/17 helicopters bombed civilian areas with unguided and cluster munitions, and characterised the campaign as war crimes and the crime against humanity of inhumane acts. OPCW investigators found reasonable grounds to believe the Syrian Arab Air Force used sarin at Ltamenah in March 2017 and chlorine at Saraqib and Douma in 2018; the OPCW-UN Joint Investigative Mechanism attributed the sarin attack on Khan Shaykhun on 4 April 2017 to the Syrian air force. The Assad government denied using chemical weapons. Russia&rsquo;s air campaign from Hmeimim from 30 September 2015 turned the war, and Turkey, the United States and Israel each shot down Syrian aircraft.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">December 2024: collapse, and the Israeli strikes<\/h3>\n<p>The end came in twelve days. An opposition offensive began on 27 November 2024; the UN Commission of Inquiry records that former government forces kept up air strikes on populated areas until the very last days. On 8 December Bashar al-Assad left the country for Moscow via the coast, and the army command told its soldiers they were no longer in service. Israel then struck the abandoned arsenal. The Israel Defense Forces said they had carried out more than 480 strikes in 48 hours, about 350 of them on airfields, air defences, aircraft, missiles and weapons production, and had destroyed 70&ndash;80 per cent of Syria&rsquo;s strategic weapons; the UN Commission counted more than 350 strikes on military facilities between 8 and 17 December. Israel described the strikes as preventing weapons from falling into the hands of armed groups; the UN Secretary-General, the Arab League and several governments condemned them as violations of Syrian sovereignty and the 1974 disengagement agreement. By Wikipedia&rsquo;s summary of FlightGlobal&rsquo;s World Air Forces 2026, every Syrian aircraft had been removed from that directory by December 2025.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">2025&ndash;2026: a new air arm from almost nothing<\/h3>\n<p>The new government named Murhaf Abu Qasra Minister of Defence on 21 December 2024 and set about merging the armed factions into a single Syrian army, air force and navy. The air force it inherited is tiny: Wikipedia lists a few restored Su-22s, Mi-8\/17 and Mi-24 helicopters, Gazelles, three L-39s and a Global Express VIP jet, figures no official source has confirmed. Helicopters were seen in action during the clashes in western Syria in March 2025. Israel struck Tiyas (T-4), Hama and other air bases again in March and April 2025 &mdash; reportedly to prevent Turkish forces from deploying there &mdash; and Abu al-Duhur in August 2026, according to Al Jazeera. Turkey signed a military training agreement with Damascus in August 2025, and in July 2026 the first cadets graduated at Kuweires under two L-39s and two Mi-24s, as reported by Janes. Russia, which kept Hmeimim after Assad&rsquo;s fall, agreed on 9 August 2026 to reorganise its presence there into a joint training centre, according to the Syrian Foreign Ministry. And in September 2026 Syrian security forces began arresting former air force officers accused of bombing civilians.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"pull\">The air force was re-formed in 1961 with about 40 MiG-17Fs and four Il-28s, and quickly became a political base.<cite>Syrian Air Force &middot; verified 2026-10-01<\/cite><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>The Syrian Air Force in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Service<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Native name<\/dt>\n<dd>&#1575;&#1604;&#1602;&#1608;&#1575;&#1578; &#1575;&#1604;&#1580;&#1608;&#1610;&#1577; &#1575;&#1604;&#1587;&#1608;&#1585;&#1610;&#1577;<span class=\"gnote\">al-Quwwat al-Jawwiyah al-Suriyah, the Arabic title given by English Wikipedia for the present service. Before December 2024 the service was the Syrian Arab Air Force (&#1575;&#1604;&#1602;&#1608;&#1575;&#1578; &#1575;&#1604;&#1580;&#1608;&#1610;&#1577; &#1575;&#1604;&#1593;&#1585;&#1576;&#1610;&#1577; &#1575;&#1604;&#1587;&#1608;&#1585;&#1610;&#1577;), the name the OPCW and the UN Commission of Inquiry use in their findings<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Founded<\/dt>\n<dd>1948<span class=\"gnote\">First pilot class trained at a French-run school at Estabel in Lebanon; merged into the United Arab Republic Air Force 1958&ndash;1961 and re-formed in 1961<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Part of<\/dt>\n<dd>Syrian Armed Forces<span class=\"gnote\">Army, air force and navy under the Ministry of Defence of the government formed after 8 December 2024. Air defence was a separate command (the Air Defence Force) before 2024 and is presumed dissolved<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Headquarters<\/dt>\n<dd>Damascus<span class=\"gnote\">Ministry of Defence, Damascus. No official air force website was found<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Commander<\/dt>\n<dd>Brig. Gen. Asim al-Hawari<span class=\"gnote\">Named by Wikipedia from 2025; not confirmed on an official Syrian page<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Minister of Defence<\/dt>\n<dd>Maj. Gen. Murhaf Abu Qasra<span class=\"gnote\">Appointed 21 December 2024<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Strength<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Aircraft before the civil war<\/dt>\n<dd>About 450 (2011)<span class=\"gnote\">Wikipedia&rsquo;s estimate; it gives about 459 in 2024 and, citing CSIS, an older count of 575 fixed-wing aircraft and 191 helicopters. Serviceability was always far lower than these totals<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Combat aircraft (2026)<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Su-22M3\/M4 &mdash; 2 restored, per Wikipedia<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">FlightGlobal&rsquo;s World Air Forces 2026 removed every Syrian aircraft from its directory in December 2025 (Wikipedia&rsquo;s summary). No official inventory has been published<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Helicopters (2026)<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Mi-8\/Mi-17 &mdash; a few<\/li>\n<li>Mi-24 &mdash; 2 or more<\/li>\n<li>SA342L Gazelle &mdash; in service, number unknown<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Mi-17s and Gazelles were filmed flying in January 2025, and Mi-24s were used in the March 2025 clashes, according to Militarnyi as cited by Wikipedia<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Trainers (2026)<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Aero L-39ZO\/ZA Albatros &mdash; about 3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Two L-39s flew over the cadets&rsquo; graduation at Kuweires in July 2026 (Janes, cited by Wikipedia)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Transport (2026)<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Bombardier Global Express &mdash; 1 VIP jet<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Per Wikipedia&rsquo;s inventory table<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Pilot training abroad<\/dt>\n<dd>Turkey<span class=\"gnote\">A defence training agreement with Turkey was signed in August 2025; 21 cadets were training in Turkish academies in January 2026 (Al Jazeera, cited by Wikipedia). In February 2025 al-Sharaa said Syria was considering a defence pact with Turkey<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Infrastructure<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Air bases reported in use (2026)<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Kuweires &mdash; Military Aviation Institute<\/li>\n<li>Abu al-Duhur<\/li>\n<li>Khalid bin al-Walid<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Wikipedia&rsquo;s list; Israel struck Abu al-Duhur in August 2026 according to Al Jazeera. Which bases are fully active is unclear<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Major bases of the former air force<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Mezzeh (Damascus)<\/li>\n<li>Tiyas (T-4)<\/li>\n<li>Shayrat<\/li>\n<li>Dumayr<\/li>\n<li>Hama<\/li>\n<li>Nayrab (Aleppo)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Named in OPCW, US Department of Defense and Wikipedia accounts of the civil war<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Bases lost in the civil war<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Taftanaz and Marj al-Sultan &mdash; January 2013<\/li>\n<li>al-Dhab&rsquo;a (al-Qusayr) &mdash; April 2013<\/li>\n<li>Kshesh (Jarrah) &mdash; October 2013<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Captured by opposition forces, per Wikipedia. Kuweires was besieged from 2012 until 10 November 2015<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Hmeimim (Khmeimim)<\/dt>\n<dd>Russian air base since 2015<span class=\"gnote\">Shares the runway of Latakia&rsquo;s Bassel al-Assad airport. On 9 August 2026 Syria and Russia agreed to hand civilian facilities to Syrian management and turn the base into a joint training centre, per the Syrian Foreign Ministry as cited by Wikipedia<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Flying training<\/dt>\n<dd>Kuweires, since 1980<span class=\"gnote\">Home of the Military Aviation Institute; cadets graduated there in July 2026<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"structure\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Structure<\/div>\n<h2>How the Syrian Air Force is organised<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">The Syrian Air Force of the government formed after 8 December 2024 is one of three services under the Ministry of Defence in Damascus, rebuilt from what survived the collapse of the former air force and the Israeli strikes that followed. <span class=\"imp\">Wikipedia lists two restored Su-22s, a few Mi-8\/17s, two Mi-24s, Gazelles, about three L-39s and a Global Express VIP jet, figures no official source has confirmed; FlightGlobal&rsquo;s World Air Forces 2026 lists no Syrian aircraft at all.<\/span> Under the former government, as the Syrian Arab Air Force, it was organised in air divisions and brigades, with air defence a separate command.<\/p>\n<div class=\"org\">\n<div class=\"cmdcard\"><span class=\"cface mono\">AA<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"cmdtx\"><span class=\"crank\">Brigadier General<\/span><b>Asim al-Hawari<\/b><span class=\"cmeta\">Commander of the Air Force &middot; in office since 2025<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"cmdorg\"><span>Syrian Air Force<\/span><em>&#1575;&#1604;&#1602;&#1608;&#1575;&#1578; &#1575;&#1604;&#1580;&#1608;&#1610;&#1577; &#1575;&#1604;&#1587;&#1608;&#1585;&#1610;&#1577;<\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgrow\">\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Headquarters<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Syrian Air Force<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">&#1575;&#1604;&#1602;&#1608;&#1575;&#1578; &#1575;&#1604;&#1580;&#1608;&#1610;&#1577; &#1575;&#1604;&#1587;&#1608;&#1585;&#1610;&#1577;<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Damascus<\/div>\n<p>One of three services, beside the army and navy, under the Ministry of Defence of the government formed after 8 December 2024; no official air force website was found. Wikipedia names Brig Gen Asim al-Hawari as commander of the reconstituted air force from 2025 and Brig Gen Mustafa Bakour as chief of air staff; no official Syrian page confirming the appointments was reached. The Minister of Defence, Murhaf Abu Qasra, was appointed on 21 December 2024.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Training<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Military Aviation Institute (Air Force Academy)<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Kuweires<\/div>\n<p>Opened in Damascus in 1947 and at Kuweires since 1980, according to Wikipedia, which lists about three L-39s in service. SANA reported more than 1,000 cadets graduating on 23 July 2026; Wikipedia, citing Janes, places the ceremony at Kuweires, with two L-39s and two Mi-24s in the flypast. Under a training agreement signed with Turkey in August 2025, 21 cadets were in Turkish academies in January 2026.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Helicopters<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Helicopter fleet<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<p>A few Mi-8\/17s (Wikipedia lists two Mi-8s and an unknown number of Mi-17s), two Mi-24s and SA342L Gazelles in unknown number. Mi-17s and Gazelles were filmed flying in January 2025, and Mi-24s were used in the March 2025 clashes in western Syria, according to Militarnyi as cited by Wikipedia. Their units and bases have not been published.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Front line<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Combat aircraft<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<p>Two restored Su-22M3\/M4 fighter-bombers, per Wikipedia&rsquo;s 2026 table and not confirmed by an official source; FlightGlobal&rsquo;s World Air Forces 2026 removed every Syrian aircraft from its directory in December 2025. Wikipedia lists Kuweires, Abu al-Duhur and Khalid bin al-Walid as air bases in use in 2026, but which are fully active is unclear.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Transport<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>VIP transport<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<p>One Bombardier Global Express (Global 6000) government jet, per Wikipedia&rsquo;s inventory table. No transport unit has been published.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Former government, to 2024<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Air divisions and brigades of the Syrian Arab Air Force<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Shayrat, Tiyas and Dumayr<\/div>\n<p>The OPCW names the 50th Air Brigade of the 22nd Air Division at Shayrat; Wikipedia lists MiG-25, Su-24 and Su-22 squadrons at Tiyas (T-4) and MiG-21 squadrons at Dumayr. Air defence was a separate command, presumed dissolved. The force ceased to function as an organised force when the Assad government fell on 8 December 2024; the IDF said its strikes that followed destroyed 70&ndash;80 per cent of Syria&rsquo;s strategic weapons.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Foreign presence<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Russian forces at Hmeimim<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Hmeimim (Latakia)<\/div>\n<p>Russia&rsquo;s main air base in Syria since 2015, on the military side of Latakia&rsquo;s Bassel al-Assad airport, from which its air campaign began on 30 September 2015. Under a memorandum announced by SANA on 9 August 2026 the airport passes to Syrian civilian administration within three months and the Russian bases become joint training and qualification centres.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"fleet\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">In service<\/div>\n<h2>What the Syrian Air Force flies today<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every type on charge, linked to its Book of Beasts page where one exists. <span class=\"imp\">Counts are aircraft on the books, not aircraft available on a given day.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-role\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-yr\">\n<col class=\"c-units\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">In service<\/th>\n<th>Since<\/th>\n<th>Units<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-22-fitter\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph1\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-22-fitter\/\">Sukhoi Su-22M3\/M4 Fitter<\/a><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fighter-bomber<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Two restored aircraft per Wikipedia&rsquo;s 2026 table; not confirmed by an official source, and FlightGlobal&rsquo;s 2026 directory lists none.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph2\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\">Mil Mi-8 and Mi-17 Hip<\/a><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Transport helicopter<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>A few: Wikipedia lists two Mi-8s and an unknown number of Mi-17s in 2026.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-24-hind\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph3\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-24-hind\/\">Mil Mi-24D\/P (Mi-25) Hind<\/a><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Attack helicopter<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Two per Wikipedia&rsquo;s 2026 table; two flew at the Kuweires graduation in July 2026.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph4\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>A&#233;rospatiale SA342L Gazelle<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light attack and utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>In service in 2025; number not published.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/l-39-albatros\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/l-39-albatros\/\">Aero L-39ZO\/ZA Albatros<\/a><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Jet trainer and light attack<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>About three per Wikipedia&rsquo;s 2026 table.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bombardier Global Express (Global 6000)<span class=\"nflag nf1\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Canada\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>VIP transport<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>One or more per Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"fleetchart\">\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">L-39<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:100%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">3<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Su-22<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:67%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">2<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Mi-24<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:67%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">2<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Global<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:33%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">1<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"former\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Formerly operated<\/div>\n<h2>Every type the Syrian Air Force has retired<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">15 types, from the Fiat G.55, G.59B-2 and G.46-1 to the Mikoyan MiG-29 Fulcrum. <span class=\"imp\">Peak figures are airframes taken on charge over the whole service life, not fleet strength on any one date.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet former\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-role\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-srv\">\n<col class=\"c-rep\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Peak<\/th>\n<th>Served<\/th>\n<th>Replaced by<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-29-fulcrum\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-29-fulcrum\/\" class=\"was\">Mikoyan MiG-29 Fulcrum<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1987&ndash;2024<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>24 ordered in 1986; deliveries began in 1987 and were still incomplete when Soviet aid ended in 1989. Later totals were not confirmed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-24-fencer\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph5\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-24-fencer\/\" class=\"was\">Sukhoi Su-24MK Fencer<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Strike aircraft<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1987&ndash;2024<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>24 ordered in 1986, delivered from 1987.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-23-flogger\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph6\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-23-flogger\/\" class=\"was\">Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23 Flogger (MF, ML, MLD, BN, UB)<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Fighter and fighter-bomber<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1974&ndash;2024<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Total not confirmed; 28 MiG-23MLDs and five MiG-23UBs came from Belarus in 2008.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-21-fishbed\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph7\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-21-fishbed\/\" class=\"was\">Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 Fishbed<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>More than 100 MiG-21M\/MFs were delivered in 1973 alone; the total was not confirmed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-25-foxbat\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph8\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-25-foxbat\/\" class=\"was\">Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25 Foxbat<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Interceptor and reconnaissance<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-7-fitter\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph9\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-7-fitter\/\" class=\"was\">Sukhoi Su-7 Fitter<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Fighter-bomber<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-17-fresco\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph10\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-17-fresco\/\" class=\"was\">Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17F and MiG-17PF Fresco<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td>60<\/td>\n<td>1957&ndash;<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Sixty ordered at the end of 1956, 20 of them radar-equipped MiG-17PFs; about 40 MiG-17Fs remained in 1961.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-15-fagot\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph11\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-15-fagot\/\" class=\"was\">Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15bis and MiG-15UTI<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td>28<\/td>\n<td>1956&ndash;<\/td>\n<td>MiG-17<\/td>\n<td>24 MiG-15bis and four MiG-15UTI ordered from Czechoslovakia in 1955; a second batch of 24 was ordered in early 1956.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/il-28-beagle\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph12\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/il-28-beagle\/\" class=\"was\">Ilyushin Il-28 Beagle<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Light bomber<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Four remained when the air force was re-formed in 1961.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/gloster-meteor\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/gloster-meteor\/\" class=\"was\">Gloster Meteor F.8, T.7 and FR.9<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td>21<\/td>\n<td>1952&ndash;<\/td>\n<td>MiG-15, MiG-17<\/td>\n<td>12 under the 1950 contract, all in Syria by 9 March 1953; seven refurbished F.8s and two FR.9s followed in 1956.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/supermarine-spitfire\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph13\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/supermarine-spitfire\/\" class=\"was\">Supermarine Spitfire F Mk 22<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1950&ndash;<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fiat-g-55-centauro\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph14\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fiat-g-55-centauro\/\" class=\"was\">Fiat G.55, G.59B-2 and G.46-1<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf10\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Italy\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fighter and trainer<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1948&ndash;<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph15\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>North American T-6 Harvard<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Trainer and light attack<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1948&ndash;<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Three squadrons in 1948.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>de Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Primary trainer<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1950&ndash;<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/l-29-delfin\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/l-29-delfin\/\" class=\"was\">Aero L-29 Delf&#237;n<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Jet trainer<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>L-39<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"bases\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Air bases<\/div>\n<h2>Where the Syrian Air Force flies from<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Black pins are active bases, hollow pins the airfields that have closed. <span class=\"imp\">Many of the former air force&rsquo;s bases, among them Kuweires, Hama, Tiyas (T-4) and Dumayr, were taken by opposition forces between 30 November and early December 2024; Wikipedia, citing Janes, lists Kuweires and Abu al-Duhur as active in 2026, while Shayrat and the other former bases have no published role.<\/span> Mezzeh, Nayrab and Deir ez-Zor are listed as civil airfields, and Hmeimim as Russia&rsquo;s base on Syrian soil. Entries with no published aerodrome data carry no pin.<\/p>\n<div class=\"mapframe\">\n<div id=\"oobmap\" class=\"oobmap\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"legend\"><span><i class=\"dot\"><\/i> Active air base<\/span><span><i class=\"dot was\"><\/i> Closed or reserve<\/span><span>Click a pin to open the base page<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"basefind\" data-filter=\"#basetbl\" data-item=\"tbody tr\" data-noun=\"air bases\" placeholder=\"Search bases, governorate, units, aircrafts\" aria-label=\"Search bases, governorate, units, aircrafts\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"basefind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"basefind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"basetbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Base<\/th>\n<th>ICAO<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Runway<\/th>\n<th>Units and aircraft<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr id=\"base-abu-al-duhur\" data-base=\"abu-al-duhur\" data-x=\"active active  \">\n<td>Abu al-Duhur<span>Idlib Governorate<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-kuweires\" data-base=\"kuweires\" data-x=\"active active  \">\n<td>Kuweires<span>Aleppo Governorate<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Military Aviation Institute (Air Force Academy)<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/l-39-albatros\/\">Aero L-39 Albatros<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"basefind\">No air base matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"oob\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Order of battle<\/div>\n<h2>Who is stationed where in the Syrian Air Force<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Flying units by base, current units first. <span class=\"imp\">The only current unit the sources place at a base is the Military Aviation Institute at Kuweires; the brigades and squadrons of the former Syrian Arab Air Force, such as the 50th Air Brigade at Shayrat named by the OPCW, are listed as former units.<\/span> Squadrons that rest on Wikipedia alone, such as those at Tiyas, are marked as such.<\/p>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"unitfind\" data-filter=\"#oobwrap\" data-item=\".oob\" data-noun=\"installations\" placeholder=\"Search squadrons, wings, aircraft, bases\" aria-label=\"Search squadrons, wings, aircraft, bases\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"unitfind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"unitfind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"oobwrap\" id=\"oobwrap\">\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Aleppo Governorate active \">\n<div><span>Kuweires &middot; <\/span><em>Active<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Military Aviation Institute (Air Force Academy)<small>Flying training establishment &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/l-39-albatros\/\">Aero L-39 Albatros<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"unitfind\">No unit matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>Syrian Air Force milestones, 1914 to today<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1948<\/div>\n<p>The air force is founded; in the war with Israel it flies T-6 Harvards and claims one Israeli fighter on 10 July.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1950<\/div>\n<p>January: a contract with Britain for Chipmunks, Spitfire Mk 22s and Gloster Meteors; all 12 Meteors are in Syria by 9 March 1953.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1956<\/div>\n<p>First MiG-15s, ordered from Czechoslovakia in 1955. 6 November: Syrian Meteors shoot down an RAF Canberra PR.7. Twenty Syrian MiG-15s are destroyed on the ground in Egypt. Sixty MiG-17s are ordered.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1958<\/div>\n<p>Union with Egypt: the air force is merged into the United Arab Republic Air Force until 1961.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1964<\/div>\n<p>Hafez al-Assad becomes commander of the air force by the end of the year; Minister of Defence from 1966.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1967<\/div>\n<p>5 June: Israel&rsquo;s Operation Focus destroys 61 Syrian aircraft, by Wikipedia&rsquo;s count.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1970<\/div>\n<p>September: the air force stays out of Syria&rsquo;s intervention in Jordan. November: Hafez al-Assad seizes power.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1973<\/div>\n<p>October war: heavy losses in air combat; a Soviet airlift begins on 9 October.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1974<\/div>\n<p>April: the first MiG-23s arrive. A 1978 agreement adds MiG-25s and Su-22s.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1982<\/div>\n<p>9 June: Israel attacks the Bekaa missile batteries; it claims 82&ndash;86 Syrian aircraft shot down that week.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1987<\/div>\n<p>Deliveries of MiG-29s and Su-24s (24 of each ordered in 1986) begin; incomplete when Soviet aid ends in 1989.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2012<\/div>\n<p>22 March: armed helicopters go into action against the opposition; jets follow on 24 July.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2015<\/div>\n<p>30 September: Russian aircraft begin strikes from Hmeimim. 10 November: the siege of Kuweires is broken.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2017<\/div>\n<p>4 April: sarin attack on Khan Shaykhun, attributed by the OPCW-UN Joint Investigative Mechanism to the Syrian air force. 7 April: 59 US Tomahawks strike Shayrat. 18 June: a US F\/A-18E shoots down a Syrian Su-22.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2020<\/div>\n<p>1 and 3 March: Turkish F-16s shoot down two Su-24s and an L-39 over Idlib.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2024<\/div>\n<p>8 December: the Assad government falls. Israel strikes Syrian air bases and aircraft; the UN Commission counts more than 350 strikes by 17 December.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2025<\/div>\n<p>A new Ministry of Defence rebuilds the armed forces; Israel strikes T-4 and Hama air bases in March and April; a training agreement is signed with Turkey in August.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2026<\/div>\n<p>July: first air force cadets graduate at Kuweires. 9 August: Syria and Russia agree to turn Hmeimim into a joint training centre. September: former air force officers are arrested over strikes on civilians.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"combat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Combat record<\/div>\n<h2>Every war the Syrian Air Force has fought<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Sorties and losses where the record gives them, and an honest blank where it does not.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip dark\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>9<\/b><span>conflicts<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1948<\/b><span>First<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>30<\/b><span>Aircraft lost<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>0<\/b><span>Killed<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"gl cml\">\n<li><b>The 1948 Arab-Israeli War<\/b> <span class=\"de\">1948&ndash;1949<\/span> Flew T-6 Harvards in support of the Syrian army<\/li>\n<li><b>The Suez Crisis<\/b> <span class=\"de\">1956<\/span> Syrian MiG-15s were in Egypt when Britain and France attacked; Syrian Meteors defended Syrian airspace<\/li>\n<li><b>The Six-Day War<\/b> <span class=\"de\">1967<\/span> Flew a few strikes on northern Israel on 5 June before Israeli attacks on its bases<\/li>\n<li><b>The October War (Yom Kippur War)<\/b> <span class=\"de\">1973<\/span> Supported the Syrian offensive on the Golan Heights and defended Syrian airspace<\/li>\n<li><b>The 1982 Lebanon War<\/b> <span class=\"de\">1982<\/span> Fought the Israeli air force over Lebanon after Israel attacked Syrian missile batteries in the Bekaa<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a class=\"cbig\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/syrian-air-force\/combat-record\/\">Open the full combat record<\/a><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"makers\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The manufacturers<\/div>\n<h2>Who built the Syrian Air Force fleet<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every company behind the aircraft on this page has its own page: the story, every type it built, the numbers and the other air forces that fly them.<\/p>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3>Current fleet and orders<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/mil\/\">Mil<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/aerospatiale\/\">A&#233;rospatiale<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/aero\/\">Aero Vodochody<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/bombardier\/\">Bombardier<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/sukhoi\/\">Sukhoi<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>Former fleet<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/mikoyan\/\" class=\"was\">Mikoyan<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/fiat\/\" class=\"was\">Fiat Aviazione<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/gloster\/\" class=\"was\">Gloster<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/ilyushin\/\" class=\"was\">Ilyushin<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/north-american-aviation\/\" class=\"was\">North American Aviation<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/supermarine\/\" class=\"was\">Supermarine<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/de-havilland-canada\/\" class=\"was\">de Havilland Canada<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"news\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">From the magazine<\/div>\n<h2>Syrian Air Force news from Afterburner<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Everything MiGFlug&rsquo;s magazine has published on the Syrian Air Force and the aircraft it flies. <span class=\"imp\">This list refreshes itself &mdash; new Afterburner stories appear here automatically.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ngrid\" id=\"newsgrid\" data-cats=\"664,670,666\" data-term=\"syria\" data-match=\"\\bsyria|damascus|shayrat\" data-reject=\"Syrian Air\\b|Airlines|Cham Wings\"><a class=\"ncard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/israel-strikes-abu-duhur-airbase-syria-2026\/\"><span class=\"ncim ph16\"><\/span><span class=\"ncbody\"><time datetime=\"2026-08-21\">21 August 2026<\/time><span class=\"nct\">Israel Bombs Syrian Airbase To Block Turkey<\/span><span class=\"ncx\">It started before dawn. Eight strikes, one runway, and a message aimed squarely at Ankara. Overnight on 18-19 August 2026, Israeli jets&hellip;<\/span><span class=\"ncgo\">Read the story<\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"ncard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/americas-secret-missile-tech-found-intact-in-syria\/\"><span class=\"ncim ph17\"><\/span><span class=\"ncbody\"><time datetime=\"2026-04-09\">9 April 2026<\/time><span class=\"nct\">America&rsquo;s Secret Missile Tech Found Intact in Syria<\/span><span class=\"ncx\">Somewhere in southwestern Syria, near the ancient city of Suwayda, a piece of technology that was never supposed to touch the ground in one&hellip;<\/span><span class=\"ncgo\">Read the story<\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"ncard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/thaad-seeker-found-intact-in-syrian-desert\/\"><span class=\"ncim ph18\"><\/span><span class=\"ncbody\"><time datetime=\"2026-04-07\">7 April 2026<\/time><span class=\"nct\">THAAD Seeker Found Intact in Syrian Desert<\/span><span class=\"ncx\">Quick Facts What Was Found Infrared seeker head from a THAAD (Terminal High Altitude Area Defense) interceptor kill vehicle Location Near&hellip;<\/span><span class=\"ncgo\">Read the story<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<p><a class=\"nmore\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/afterburner\/\">All stories in Afterburner<\/a><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about the Syrian Air Force<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>Does Syria still have an air force?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes, but a very small one. After the Assad government fell on 8 December 2024, Israeli strikes destroyed most of the former air force&rsquo;s aircraft, and FlightGlobal&rsquo;s World Air Forces 2026 listed no Syrian aircraft at all. The new government has a few helicopters (<a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\">Mi-8\/17<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-24-hind\/\">Mi-24<\/a>, Gazelle), about three <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/l-39-albatros\/\">L-39<\/a> trainers and possibly two restored <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-22-fitter\/\">Su-22<\/a>s, according to Wikipedia, and graduated its first cadets at Kuweires in July 2026.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is the Syrian Air Force called in Arabic?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The present service is &#1575;&#1604;&#1602;&#1608;&#1575;&#1578; &#1575;&#1604;&#1580;&#1608;&#1610;&#1577; &#1575;&#1604;&#1587;&#1608;&#1585;&#1610;&#1577; (al-Quwwat al-Jawwiyah al-Suriyah), the name given by English Wikipedia. Before December 2024 it was the Syrian Arab Air Force, &#1575;&#1604;&#1602;&#1608;&#1575;&#1578; &#1575;&#1604;&#1580;&#1608;&#1610;&#1577; &#1575;&#1604;&#1593;&#1585;&#1576;&#1610;&#1577; &#1575;&#1604;&#1587;&#1608;&#1585;&#1610;&#1577;, the name used by the OPCW and the UN Commission of Inquiry in their findings. No official air force website was found to confirm the current spelling.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What happened to the Syrian Air Force in December 2024?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">It collapsed with the Assad government on 8 December 2024, and Israel then struck its bases. The Israel Defense Forces said they carried out more than 480 strikes in 48 hours, about 350 of them against airfields, aircraft, air defences and weapons sites, and destroyed 70&ndash;80 per cent of Syria&rsquo;s strategic weapons; the UN Commission of Inquiry counted more than 350 strikes between 8 and 17 December. Israel called it preventive; the UN Secretary-General and many governments condemned it.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Did the Syrian Air Force use chemical weapons?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">International investigators have found that it did. The OPCW&rsquo;s Investigation and Identification Team found reasonable grounds to believe the Syrian Arab Air Force dropped sarin on Ltamenah in March 2017 from <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-22-fitter\/\">Su-22s<\/a> flying from Shayrat, and chlorine on Saraqib and Douma in 2018 from helicopters; the OPCW-UN Joint Investigative Mechanism attributed the Khan Shaykhun sarin attack of 4 April 2017 to the Syrian air force. The Assad government denied every attack.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What are barrel bombs, and who dropped them in Syria?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Cheap, unguided bombs made from oil drums, gas cylinders or water tanks filled with explosives and rolled out of helicopters. Human Rights Watch documented more than 650 major damage sites consistent with barrel bombs in opposition-held Aleppo in 140 days of 2014, dropped by Syrian government helicopters, and the UN Commission of Inquiry names <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\">Mi-8\/17<\/a> helicopters among the aircraft that bombed eastern Ghouta in 2018.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Who commands the Syrian Air Force?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Brigadier General Asim al-Hawari, according to Wikipedia, which names him commander of the reconstituted air force from 2025; no official Syrian page confirming the appointment was reached. He serves under Defence Minister Murhaf Abu Qasra, appointed on 21 December 2024, and President Ahmed al-Sharaa.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Was Hafez al-Assad a fighter pilot?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. He was commissioned as an air force pilot in 1955, flew the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/gloster-meteor\/\">Meteor<\/a> and trained on the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-17-fresco\/\">MiG-17<\/a> in the Soviet Union in 1957, and commanded the air force from the mid-1960s before seizing power in November 1970. His son Bashar ruled until December 2024.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What happened in the 1982 Bekaa Valley air battle?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">On 9 June 1982 Israel attacked the Syrian missile batteries in Lebanon&rsquo;s Bekaa Valley and then fought the Syrian air force for several days. Israel claims it destroyed 29 of 30 batteries and shot down 82&ndash;86 Syrian aircraft, mainly <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-21-fishbed\/\">MiG-21s<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-23-flogger\/\">MiG-23s<\/a>, without losing an aircraft in air combat; the Soviet press claimed 67 Israeli aircraft. No independent count exists.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Does Russia still use Hmeimim air base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Russia kept Hmeimim after the fall of the Assad government, although it withdrew some equipment. On 9 August 2026 Syria and Russia agreed, according to the Syrian Foreign Ministry as cited by Wikipedia, to hand the civilian facilities to Syrian management and reorganise the base into a joint training centre over three months.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What fighter jets did Syria fly?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Over 76 years: <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/gloster-meteor\/\">Gloster Meteors<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/supermarine-spitfire\/\">Spitfires<\/a> from Britain, then Soviet types &mdash; <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-15-fagot\/\">MiG-15<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-17-fresco\/\">MiG-17<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-21-fishbed\/\">MiG-21<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-23-flogger\/\">MiG-23<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-25-foxbat\/\">MiG-25<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-29-fulcrum\/\">MiG-29<\/a> fighters, and <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-22-fitter\/\">Su-22<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-24-fencer\/\">Su-24<\/a> strike aircraft. Almost all that remained were destroyed in December 2024.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Does Syria still have an air force?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes, but a very small one. After the Assad government fell on 8 December 2024, Israeli strikes destroyed most of the former air force\\u2019s aircraft, and FlightGlobal\\u2019s World Air Forces 2026 listed no Syrian aircraft at all. The new government has a few helicopters (Mi-8\/17, Mi-24, Gazelle), about three L-39 trainers and possibly two restored Su-22s, according to Wikipedia, and graduated its first cadets at Kuweires in July 2026.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the Syrian Air Force called in Arabic?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The present service is \\u0627\\u0644\\u0642\\u0648\\u0627\\u062a \\u0627\\u0644\\u062c\\u0648\\u064a\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0633\\u0648\\u0631\\u064a\\u0629 (al-Quwwat al-Jawwiyah al-Suriyah), the name given by English Wikipedia. Before December 2024 it was the Syrian Arab Air Force, \\u0627\\u0644\\u0642\\u0648\\u0627\\u062a \\u0627\\u0644\\u062c\\u0648\\u064a\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0639\\u0631\\u0628\\u064a\\u0629 \\u0627\\u0644\\u0633\\u0648\\u0631\\u064a\\u0629, the name used by the OPCW and the UN Commission of Inquiry in their findings. No official air force website was found to confirm the current spelling.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What happened to the Syrian Air Force in December 2024?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"It collapsed with the Assad government on 8 December 2024, and Israel then struck its bases. The Israel Defense Forces said they carried out more than 480 strikes in 48 hours, about 350 of them against airfields, aircraft, air defences and weapons sites, and destroyed 70\\u201380 per cent of Syria\\u2019s strategic weapons; the UN Commission of Inquiry counted more than 350 strikes between 8 and 17 December. Israel called it preventive; the UN Secretary-General and many governments condemned it.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Did the Syrian Air Force use chemical weapons?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"International investigators have found that it did. The OPCW\\u2019s Investigation and Identification Team found reasonable grounds to believe the Syrian Arab Air Force dropped sarin on Ltamenah in March 2017 from Su-22s flying from Shayrat, and chlorine on Saraqib and Douma in 2018 from helicopters; the OPCW-UN Joint Investigative Mechanism attributed the Khan Shaykhun sarin attack of 4 April 2017 to the Syrian air force. The Assad government denied every attack.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What are barrel bombs, and who dropped them in Syria?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Cheap, unguided bombs made from oil drums, gas cylinders or water tanks filled with explosives and rolled out of helicopters. Human Rights Watch documented more than 650 major damage sites consistent with barrel bombs in opposition-held Aleppo in 140 days of 2014, dropped by Syrian government helicopters, and the UN Commission of Inquiry names Mi-8\/17 helicopters among the aircraft that bombed eastern Ghouta in 2018.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Who commands the Syrian Air Force?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Brigadier General Asim al-Hawari, according to Wikipedia, which names him commander of the reconstituted air force from 2025; no official Syrian page confirming the appointment was reached. He serves under Defence Minister Murhaf Abu Qasra, appointed on 21 December 2024, and President Ahmed al-Sharaa.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Was Hafez al-Assad a fighter pilot?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. He was commissioned as an air force pilot in 1955, flew the Meteor and trained on the MiG-17 in the Soviet Union in 1957, and commanded the air force from the mid-1960s before seizing power in November 1970. His son Bashar ruled until December 2024.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What happened in the 1982 Bekaa Valley air battle?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"On 9 June 1982 Israel attacked the Syrian missile batteries in Lebanon\\u2019s Bekaa Valley and then fought the Syrian air force for several days. Israel claims it destroyed 29 of 30 batteries and shot down 82\\u201386 Syrian aircraft, mainly MiG-21s and MiG-23s, without losing an aircraft in air combat; the Soviet press claimed 67 Israeli aircraft. No independent count exists.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Does Russia still use Hmeimim air base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Russia kept Hmeimim after the fall of the Assad government, although it withdrew some equipment. On 9 August 2026 Syria and Russia agreed, according to the Syrian Foreign Ministry as cited by Wikipedia, to hand the civilian facilities to Syrian management and reorganise the base into a joint training centre over three months.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What fighter jets did Syria fly?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Over 76 years: Gloster Meteors and Spitfires from Britain, then Soviet types \\u2014 MiG-15, MiG-17, MiG-21, MiG-23, MiG-25 and MiG-29 fighters, and Su-22 and Su-24 strike aircraft. Almost all that remained were destroyed in December 2024.\"}}]}<\/script><hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"gallery\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Read the aircraft the Syrian Air Force flew<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every type with a page in the Book of Beasts, in service first, then by the year it left the fleet.<\/p>\n<div class=\"acgrid\"><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-22-fitter\/\"><span class=\"im ph1\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Sukhoi Su-22M3\/M4 Fitter<\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\"><span class=\"im ph2\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Mil Mi-8 and Mi-17 Hip<\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-24-hind\/\"><span class=\"im ph3\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Mil Mi-24D\/P (Mi-25) Hind<\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/l-39-albatros\/\"><span class=\"im none\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Aero L-39ZO\/ZA Albatros<\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-25-foxbat\/\"><span class=\"im ph8\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25 Foxbat<\/b><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-7-fitter\/\"><span class=\"im ph9\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Sukhoi Su-7 Fitter<\/b><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-17-fresco\/\"><span class=\"im ph10\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17F and MiG-17PF Fresco<\/b><em>1957&ndash;<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-15-fagot\/\"><span class=\"im ph11\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15bis and MiG-15UTI<\/b><em>1956&ndash;<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/il-28-beagle\/\"><span class=\"im ph12\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Ilyushin Il-28 Beagle<\/b><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/gloster-meteor\/\"><span class=\"im none\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Gloster Meteor F.8, T.7 and FR.9<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/b><em>1952&ndash;<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/supermarine-spitfire\/\"><span class=\"im ph13\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Supermarine Spitfire F Mk 22<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/b><em>1950&ndash;<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/fiat-g-55-centauro\/\"><span class=\"im ph14\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Fiat G.55, G.59B-2 and G.46-1<span class=\"nflag nf10\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Italy\"><\/span><\/b><em>1948&ndash;<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/l-29-delfin\/\"><span class=\"im none\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Aero L-29 Delf&#237;n<\/b><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-29-fulcrum\/\"><span class=\"im none\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Mikoyan MiG-29 Fulcrum<\/b><em>1987&ndash;2024<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-24-fencer\/\"><span class=\"im ph5\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Sukhoi Su-24MK Fencer<\/b><em>1987&ndash;2024<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-23-flogger\/\"><span class=\"im ph6\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23 Flogger (MF, ML, MLD, BN, UB)<\/b><em>1974&ndash;2024<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-21-fishbed\/\"><span class=\"im ph7\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 Fishbed<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/hrbodies\/hrcouncil\/sessions-regular\/session58\/advance-version\/a-hrc-58-66-auv.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">UN Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic: report A\/HRC\/58\/66 (14 March 2025)<\/a><span>Fall of the government on 8 December 2024; air strikes by pro-government forces until the last days (para. 15); more than 350 Israeli strikes 8&ndash;17 December 2024 (para. 27).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/hrbodies\/hrc\/regularsessions\/session38\/documents\/A_HRC_38_CRP_3_EN%20%281%29.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">UN Commission of Inquiry: The siege and recapture of eastern Ghouta, A\/HRC\/38\/CRP.3 (20 June 2018)<\/a><span>Su-22, Su-24 and Mi-8\/17 aircraft (para. 16); over 1,100 civilians killed 18 February&ndash;11 March 2018; war crimes and crime against humanity findings (paras. 71&ndash;72).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/en\/hr-bodies\/hrc\/iici-syria\/independent-international-commission\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">OHCHR: Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic<\/a><span>Established 22 August 2011 by Human Rights Council resolution S-17\/1; mandate.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/en\/hr-bodies\/hrc\/iici-syria\/documentation\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">OHCHR: Commission of Inquiry on Syria &ndash; documentation<\/a><span>Report index: A\/HRC\/34\/64 (Aleppo, 2017), A\/HRC\/36\/55 (chemical weapons, 2017), A\/HRC\/37\/72 (2018).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.opcw.org\/media-centre\/news\/2020\/04\/opcw-releases-first-report-investigation-and-identification-team\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">OPCW: OPCW releases first report by Investigation and Identification Team (8 April 2020)<\/a><span>Ltamenah 24, 25 and 30 March 2017: Su-22s of the 50th Brigade, 22nd Air Division, from Shayrat (sarin); helicopter from Hama (chlorine); perpetrators individuals of the Syrian Arab Air Force.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.opcw.org\/media-centre\/news\/2021\/04\/opcw-releases-second-report-investigation-and-identification-team\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">OPCW: OPCW releases second report by Investigation and Identification Team (12 April 2021)<\/a><span>Saraqib, 4 February 2018: a Syrian Arab Air Force helicopter under the control of the Tiger Forces dropped a chlorine cylinder; 12 people affected.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.opcw.org\/media-centre\/news\/2023\/01\/opcw-releases-third-report-investigation-and-identification-team\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">OPCW: OPCW releases third report by Investigation and Identification Team (27 January 2023)<\/a><span>Douma, 7 April 2018: chlorine cylinders dropped by helicopter; 43 named individuals killed; Syrian Arab Air Force the perpetrators.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2014\/07\/30\/syria-barrage-barrel-bombs\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Human Rights Watch: Syria: Barrage of Barrel Bombs (30 July 2014)<\/a><span>Over 650 damage sites consistent with barrel bombs in Aleppo in 140 days after resolution 2139; dropped by government helicopters; VDC figure of 1,655 civilians killed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/snhr.org\/blog\/2024\/11\/29\/between-pain-and-agony-12-years-of-chemical-weapons-crimes-in-syria\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Syrian Network for Human Rights: Between Pain and Agony &ndash; 12 Years of Chemical Weapons Crimes in Syria (29 November 2024)<\/a><span>At least 1,514 people killed in chemical attacks in Syria, per SNHR.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/airwars.org\/conflict\/russian-military-in-syria\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Airwars: Russian military in Syria<\/a><span>Russian campaign from 30 September 2015; 4,993 alleged incidents; 4,431&ndash;6,522 civilian deaths assessed as fair or confirmed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defense.gov\/News\/Releases\/Release\/Article\/1144598\/statement-from-pentagon-spokesman-capt-jeff-davis-on-us-strike-in-syria\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">US Department of Defense: Statement from Pentagon spokesman Capt. Jeff Davis on U.S. strike in Syria (6 April 2017)<\/a><span>59 Tomahawks against aircraft, shelters, fuel, ammunition, air defences and radars at Shayrat.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2026\/9\/18\/syria-arrests-five-former-al-assad-era-officers-over-strikes-on-civilians\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Al Jazeera: Syria arrests five former al-Assad-era officers over strikes on civilians (18 September 2026)<\/a><span>Five former air force officers arrested in Tartous; nine former pilots arrested earlier in September 2026.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2026\/9\/21\/poor-storage-or-sabotage-series-of-explosions-in-syria-raises-fears\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Al Jazeera: Poor storage or sabotage? Series of explosions in Syria raises fears (21 September 2026)<\/a><span>Israeli strikes on Abu al-Duhur air base in August 2026; Reuters count of 16 explosions at arms facilities since December 2024.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/sana.sy\/en\/syria\/2335254\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">SANA: Syria, Russia agree to reorganize Russian military presence under new memorandum (9 August 2026)<\/a><span>Hmeimim airport to Syrian civilian administration within three months; Russian bases to become joint training and qualification centres.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/sana.sy\/en\/syria\/2277863\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">SANA: Dozens of Cadet Officers Join Syrian Air Force Academy (15 November 2025)<\/a><span>Academy director Brig. Gen. Ammar al-Nimr; location not given.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/sana.sy\/en\/syria\/2331569\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">SANA: Defense Ministry holds graduation ceremony for 1000 Air force academy cadets (23 July 2026)<\/a><span>More than 1,000 cadets; Air Force Commander Brig. Gen. Asem Hawari; SANA datelines the report Damascus and does not name the airfield.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Figures verified 2026-10-01. Order of Battle pages are regenerated from a single dataset; if a number here disagrees with a Book of Beasts page, this page is the more recent of the two.<\/p>\n<p class=\"verified\">Photographs: Photo: Thuringius \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC0) &middot; Photo: SGT. Kimberly Yearyean \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: Filip.vidinovski \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Oren Rozen \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0) &middot; Photo: SDASM Archives \/ Wikimedia Commons (No restrictions) &middot; Photo: Mztourist \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: Igor123121 \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 4.0) &middot; Photo: brewbooks from near Seattle, USA \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0) &middot; Photo: Eric Friedebach \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 2.0) &middot; Photo: ChowellsNoise reduction and shadows lifted by Diliff. \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.5) &middot; Photo: Lorenzo Tomasi \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: Leo za1 \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam 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