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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero photo\">\n<div class=\"heroimg ph1\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; Zambia<\/div>\n<h1>Zambian Air Force<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">Zambia Air Force<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">The Zambia Air Force grew from a colonial air wing of Dakotas and Beavers at Livingstone in 1964, could only watch as Rhodesian jets bombed camps near Lusaka in 1978, flew Soviet MiG-21s until 2009, and today relies on Chinese K-8 and L-15Z jets and a mixed helicopter fleet.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>0<\/b><span>Combat aircraft<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>5<\/b><span>Active air bases<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1968<\/b><span>Founded<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>13<\/b><span>Types retired<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"photocred\">Photo: Bob Adams \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0)<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Country<\/b>Zambia<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Founded<\/b>1968<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Status<\/b>Active<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Headquarters<\/b>Lusaka<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Commander<\/b>Oscar M A Nyoni<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>The Zambian Air Force story: Dakotas at Livingstone, the &ldquo;Green Leader&rdquo; raid and Chinese jets after the MiG-21<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1964&ndash;1968: from Northern Rhodesia&rsquo;s air wing to an air force<\/h3>\n<p>The Zambia Air Force&rsquo;s own history begins with the Northern Rhodesian Air Wing of the colonial Federation. From 1 March 1964 it was the Northern Rhodesia Air Force, flying from Livingstone airport with two squadrons: No. 1 with four Dakotas and two Hunting Pembrokes for transport, No. 2 with six de Havilland Canada Beavers for liaison and reconnaissance. When Northern Rhodesia became the Republic of Zambia on 24 October 1964 the unit was renamed the Zambia Air Wing, and in 1968, according to the ZAF, the Zambian Air Force was established as a service in its own right; Wikipedia dates the change of name to independence itself. Group Captain Kilduff led it until 1972, when Peter Zuze took over. The service is officially the Zambia Air Force, although Wikipedia and many writers say &quot;Zambian&quot;.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">The 1970s: Yugoslav, Italian and Chinese aircraft<\/h3>\n<p>Britain supplied the first aircraft; Italian, Yugoslav, Chinese and Soviet help followed, in the ZAF&rsquo;s own words. In the late 1960s and 1970s Zambia bought Agusta-Bell 205 helicopters, which formed its first helicopter squadron, SF.260 and MB-326GB trainers from Italy, Saab Supporter and Safari primary trainers from Sweden, Soko Jastreb and Galeb jets from Yugoslavia and, from China, Shenyang F-6 fighters and FT-5 trainers, 12 of each according to Wikipedia. It was an eclectic, non-aligned fleet, and for all its variety it was not an air defence force able to meet a modern opponent. The ZAF&rsquo;s stated vision, &quot;A Modernised Combat Capable Air force&quot;, still describes a goal rather than the present.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1978&ndash;1979: the Rhodesian raids and the &quot;Green Leader&quot; message<\/h3>\n<p>That became plain in 1978. After ZIPRA, the armed wing of Joshua Nkomo&rsquo;s ZAPU, shot down the Air Rhodesia Viscount Flight 825 on 3 September 1978, Rhodesia struck ZIPRA camps in Zambia from 19 to 21 October in Operation Gatling. Canberras and Hunters bombed Westlands Farm near Lusaka, and the strike leader, Squadron Leader Chris Dixon, calling himself &quot;Green Leader&quot;, told Lusaka tower that Rhodesian Hunters were circling Zambia&rsquo;s airfields with orders to shoot down any fighter that took off. No Zambian aircraft did. Rhodesia claimed 1,500 guerrillas killed; ZAPU&rsquo;s account describes hundreds of young refugees killed at the camp, and the historians Moorcraft and McLaughlin call the Rhodesian figure considerably exaggerated. ZIPRA shot down a second Viscount in February 1979.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1980&ndash;2009: the MiG-21 years<\/h3>\n<p>The answer came from Moscow. From September 1980 the Soviet Union delivered at least 16 MiG-21bis fighters and two MiG-21UM trainers, and Rapier and S-125 missiles gave Zambia a ground-based air defence; the service at times used the title Zambia Air Force and Air Defence Command. Long-serving commanders such as Lieutenant General Hannania Lungu (1980&ndash;1990) led it through the 1980s. About 12 or 13 MiG-21s went to Israel Aerospace Industries for overhaul in 1997, and at least three never came back because Zambia could not pay for them. The whole MiG-21 fleet was withdrawn in early 2009, leaving Zambia without a supersonic fighter, a gap it has not filled since.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">2010&ndash;2026: Chinese jets, American helicopters, humanitarian work<\/h3>\n<p>The modern ZAF has rebuilt around Chinese jets and Western and Russian helicopters. It flies about 15 K-8 jet trainers and, since 2016&ndash;2017, six L-15Z advanced trainers with radar and missiles, ordered for about 100 million US dollars. SF-260TWs arrived from 2012, Mi-171 helicopters from Russia in 2015&ndash;2017, and two C-27J Spartans. The United States granted four Bell 412EPs in September 2023 and approved a possible further sale in January 2025. Under Lieutenant General Oscar Nyoni, commander since December 2023, the service stresses humanitarian work: in September 2025 it hosted the SADC Blue Lugwasho exercise, which flew maize to drought-hit districts from Livingstone, the town where it began in 1964. Accidents remain a cost of a busy training fleet: an SF-260 crash in March 2022 killed the Livingstone station commander.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"pull\">Britain supplied the first aircraft; Italian, Yugoslav, Chinese and Soviet help followed, in the ZAF&rsquo;s own words.<cite>Zambian Air Force &middot; verified 2026-10-01<\/cite><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>The Zambian Air Force in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Service<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Official name<\/dt>\n<dd>Zambia Air Force<span class=\"gnote\">The service&rsquo;s own spelling on airforce.mil.zm, abbreviated ZAF. The English Wikipedia article is titled &quot;Zambian Air Force&quot;<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Founded<\/dt>\n<dd>1968<span class=\"gnote\">The ZAF says it was established in 1968. Its lineage runs from the Northern Rhodesia Air Force of 1 March 1964, renamed the Zambia Air Wing at independence on 24 October 1964; Wikipedia dates the ZAF name to independence<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Part of<\/dt>\n<dd>Zambia Defence Force<span class=\"gnote\">Commander-in-Chief: President Hakainde Hichilema; Minister of Defence: Ambrose Lufuma (Wikipedia)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Commander<\/dt>\n<dd>Lt Gen Oscar M A Nyoni<span class=\"gnote\">Appointed in late December 2023 in succession to Lt Gen Colin Barry<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Deputy commander<\/dt>\n<dd>Maj Gen Henry Chiwaya<span class=\"gnote\">Deputy Air Force Commander and Chief of Air Staff<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Motto<\/dt>\n<dd>Defend and Support<span class=\"gnote\">Per Wikipedia; the ZAF website describes its strategic objective as &quot;to defend and support the nation&quot;<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Strength<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Personnel<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"gnote\">No current figure was found on the ZAF site or in the sources checked<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Combat-capable jets<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>L-15Z &mdash; 6<\/li>\n<li>K-8 &mdash; 15<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">No supersonic fighter since the MiG-21 was withdrawn in early 2009<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Trainers<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>SF.260TW &mdash; 11<\/li>\n<li>Enstrom 480B helicopters &mdash; 2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Counts from FlightGlobal 2026 via Wikipedia; defenceWeb (2022) also listed MB-326GBs and MFI-15s<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Transport<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>C-27J Spartan &mdash; 2<\/li>\n<li>Y-12 &mdash; 7<\/li>\n<li>MA60 &mdash; 1<\/li>\n<li>Cessna 208 &mdash; 2<\/li>\n<li>Beech 1900 &mdash; 1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">FlightGlobal 2026 via Wikipedia<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Helicopters<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>AB205 &mdash; about 12<\/li>\n<li>Bell 212\/412 &mdash; 6&ndash;7<\/li>\n<li>Z-9 &mdash; 7<\/li>\n<li>Mi-171 &mdash; 5&ndash;6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Bell figures differ between defenceWeb (six identified) and FlightGlobal (seven)<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Drones<\/dt>\n<dd>Hermes 450 &mdash; 3<span class=\"gnote\">The ZAF site mentions Hermes 450 and 900<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Infrastructure<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Main bases<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Lusaka<\/li>\n<li>Livingstone<\/li>\n<li>Mbala<\/li>\n<li>Mumbwa<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Wikipedia names Lusaka, Mbala and Mumbwa; defenceWeb names Livingstone Air Force Base<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Flying squadrons<\/dt>\n<dd>8 listed<span class=\"gnote\">Nos. 1, 8, 11, 14, 21, 22, 33 and 43, according to Wikipedia&rsquo;s table<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Ground-based air defence<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Rapier<\/li>\n<li>S-125<\/li>\n<li>ZU-23-2, ZPU-4 and M1939 guns<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Per Wikipedia; serviceability not published<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Founding airfield<\/dt>\n<dd>Livingstone<span class=\"gnote\">The Northern Rhodesia Air Force began there in 1964; it was the main operating base of Blue Lugwasho in 2025<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"structure\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Structure<\/div>\n<h2>How the Zambian Air Force is organised<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">The air arm of the Zambia Defence Force, headquartered in Lusaka, with eight flying squadrons listed by Wikipedia and no published basing for any of them. <span class=\"imp\">Zambia has had no supersonic fighter since its MiG-21s were withdrawn in early 2009: its combat jets are six L-15Z advanced trainers and 15 K-8s, and Wikipedia, citing IHS Jane&rsquo;s, places the combat elements at Lusaka, Mbala and Mumbwa.<\/span> Delivery of the last two of four Bell 412EPs granted by the United States has not been reported, and a further possible US helicopter sale was approved in January 2025.<\/p>\n<div class=\"org\">\n<div class=\"cmdcard\"><span class=\"cface mono\">OM<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"cmdtx\"><span class=\"crank\">Lieutenant General<\/span><b>Oscar M A Nyoni<\/b><span class=\"cmeta\">Zambia Air Force Commander &middot; in office since 2023<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"cmdorg\"><span>Zambian Air Force<\/span><em>Zambia Air Force<\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgrow\">\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Headquarters<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Zambian Air Force<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">Zambia Air Force<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Lusaka<\/div>\n<p>The air arm of the Zambia Defence Force, headquartered in Lusaka, with President Hakainde Hichilema as Commander-in-Chief. Lt Gen Oscar Nyoni replaced Lt Gen Colin Barry as commander in late December 2023, according to defenceWeb; his deputy and Chief of Air Staff is Maj Gen Henry Chiwaya. Wikipedia lists eight flying squadrons, Nos. 1, 8, 11, 14, 21, 22, 33 and 43; the ZAF does not publish where they are based.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Front line<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>No. 43 Squadron<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<p>Flies the six Hongdu L-15Z advanced trainers delivered in 2016 and 2017, ordered for about 100 million US dollars; Wikipedia describes a radar, PL-5 air-to-air missiles and a gun pod. They are the most capable combat aircraft Zambia has had since its MiG-21s were withdrawn in early 2009.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Jet training and light attack<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Nos. 8 and 21 Squadrons<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Lusaka (reported)<\/div>\n<p>Fifteen Hongdu K-8s, the ZAF&rsquo;s main jet type, according to both defenceWeb and FlightGlobal; K-8s took part in the Blue Lugwasho exercise in September 2025. Wikipedia, citing IHS Jane&rsquo;s, says the K-8s are understood to be at Lusaka, but which squadron is there is not published. Eleven SF-260TW basic trainers fly alongside them; one crashed near Livingstone on 28 March 2022, killing the station commander.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Transport<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Nos. 1 and 22 Squadrons<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Lusaka (reported)<\/div>\n<p>No. 1 Squadron flies two C-27J Spartans and No. 22 Squadron seven Harbin Y-12s; an MA60, two Cessna 208 Caravans and a Beech 1900 complete the fleet. C-27Js, Y-12s and Caravans flew maize to drought-hit districts in the SADC Blue Lugwasho exercise of September 2025. Wikipedia says the transports are reportedly stationed at Lusaka.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Helicopters<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Nos. 11 and 33 Squadrons<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Lusaka (reported)<\/div>\n<p>No. 11 Squadron flies five or six Mi-171s delivered from Russia in 2015&ndash;2017, and No. 33 Squadron Bell 212s and 412s, including two Bell 412EPs that arrived in March 2024, the first of four granted by the United States, and two Enstrom 480B training helicopters. About 12 AB205s and seven Z-9s are also listed, with no squadron given.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Air defence<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Ground-based air defence<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<p>Rapier and S-125 missiles, which arrived with the MiG-21s of the 1980s to give Zambia a ground-based air defence, and ZU-23-2, ZPU-4 and M1939 guns, according to Wikipedia; their serviceability is not published.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"fleet\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">In service<\/div>\n<h2>What the Zambian Air Force flies today<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every type on charge, linked to its Book of Beasts page where one exists. <span class=\"imp\">Counts are aircraft on the books, not aircraft available on a given day.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-role\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-yr\">\n<col class=\"c-units\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">In service<\/th>\n<th>Since<\/th>\n<th>Units<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Hongdu L-15Z (JL-10)<span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Advanced trainer and light attack<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>2016<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Six ordered in 2014 and delivered in 2016 and 2017; FlightGlobal 2026, as tabulated on Wikipedia, still lists six.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/k-8-karakorum\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph2\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/k-8-karakorum\/\">Hongdu K-8 Karakorum (K-8P)<\/a><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Jet trainer and light attack<\/td>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>15 according to both defenceWeb (2022) and the FlightGlobal-based table on Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/sf-260\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph3\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/sf-260\/\">SIAI-Marchetti SF.260TW<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf10\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Italy\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Basic trainer and light attack<\/td>\n<td>11<\/td>\n<td>2012<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>11&ndash;12. defenceWeb gave 12 SF-260TWs in 2022 (six delivered in 2012, six later), before or including the one lost on 28 March 2022; the FlightGlobal-based table on Wikipedia gives 11.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph4\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Leonardo (Alenia) C-27J Spartan<span class=\"nflag nf10\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Italy\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Tactical transport<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Two.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Y-12<span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light transport<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Seven according to the FlightGlobal-based table on Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Xian MA60<span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Transport<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>One.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Cessna 208 Caravan<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility transport<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Two.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph5\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Beechcraft 1900<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility transport<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>One.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\">Mil Mi-171Sh \/ Mi-171E<\/a><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Transport helicopter<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>2015<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>5&ndash;6. defenceWeb counts about six delivered from Russia in 2015&ndash;2017; the FlightGlobal-based table on Wikipedia gives five.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph6\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bell 412EP and Agusta-Bell 412SP, Bell 212<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>2021<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>6&ndash;7. defenceWeb: three AB412SPs from Italy and South Africa (2021), one Bell 212 (June 2023) and two Bell 412EPs (March 2024); FlightGlobal 2026 via Wikipedia counts seven Bell 212\/412s.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph7\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Agusta-Bell AB205<span class=\"nflag nf10\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Italy\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>About 12 surviving (defenceWeb); 12 Bell 205s in the FlightGlobal-based table on Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Z-9<span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Seven according to the FlightGlobal-based table on Wikipedia; not mentioned in the defenceWeb helicopter lists of 2023 and 2025.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph8\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Enstrom 480B<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Training helicopter<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>2024<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Two, ordered in February 2023 and inducted in March 2024.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph9\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Elbit Hermes 450<span class=\"nflag nf6\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Israel\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Reconnaissance UAV<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Three according to the FlightGlobal-based table on Wikipedia; the ZAF website mentions Hermes 450 and 900.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"fleetchart\">\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">K-8<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:100%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">15<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">AB205<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:80%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">12<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">SF.260<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:73%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">11<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Y-12<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:47%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">7<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Z-9<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:47%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">7<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">L-15Z<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:40%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">6<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Bell 412<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:40%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">6<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Mi-171<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:33%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">5<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>On order<\/h3>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet ord\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-fd\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Ordered<\/th>\n<th>First delivery<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bell 412EP<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>2024<\/td>\n<td>The remaining two of four granted by the United States in September 2023 (80 million US dollars with three years of support); the first two arrived in March 2024. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>Delivery of the other two was not reported in the sources checked.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bell 412EPI (possible US sale)<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>The US approved a possible Foreign Military Sale worth up to 100 million dollars on 13 January 2025, to be paid from US Foreign Military Financing and Zambian funds. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>A signed contract and the number of aircraft were not confirmed in the sources checked.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"former\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Formerly operated<\/div>\n<h2>Every type the Zambian Air Force has retired<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">13 types, from the Douglas C-47 Dakota to the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21bis and MiG-21UM. <span class=\"imp\">Peak figures are airframes taken on charge over the whole service life, not fleet strength on any one date.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet former\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-role\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-srv\">\n<col class=\"c-rep\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Peak<\/th>\n<th>Served<\/th>\n<th>Replaced by<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-21-fishbed\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph10\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-21-fishbed\/\" class=\"was\">Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21bis and MiG-21UM<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td>18<\/td>\n<td>1980&ndash;2009<\/td>\n<td>L-15Z (as the main combat type)<\/td>\n<td>At least 16 MiG-21bis and two MiG-21UM trainers.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Shenyang F-6 and FT-6<\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>MiG-21<\/td>\n<td>12 according to Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Shenyang FT-5<\/td>\n<td>Jet trainer<\/td>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>12 according to Wikipedia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph11\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Soko J-21 Jastreb<\/td>\n<td>Light attack<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph12\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Soko G-2 Galeb<\/td>\n<td>Jet trainer<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/aermacchi-mb-326\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph13\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/aermacchi-mb-326\/\" class=\"was\">Aermacchi MB-326GB<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf10\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Italy\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Jet trainer and light attack<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>K-8<\/td>\n<td>defenceWeb still listed 10 in the trainer inventory in 2022; Wikipedia lists the type as retired.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph14\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Saab MFI-15 Safari \/ MFI-17 Supporter<\/td>\n<td>Primary trainer<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>defenceWeb listed 10 MFI-15s in 2022; Wikipedia lists the type as retired.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Douglas C-47 Dakota<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Transport<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>1964&ndash;<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Four with No. 1 Squadron in 1964.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph15\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Hunting Percival Pembroke<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light transport<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>1964&ndash;<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Two with No. 1 Squadron in 1964.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph16\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>de Havilland Canada DHC-2 Beaver<span class=\"nflag nf1\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Canada\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Liaison and reconnaissance<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>1964&ndash;<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Six with No. 2 Squadron in 1964.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph17\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>de Havilland Canada DHC-4A Caribou<span class=\"nflag nf1\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Canada\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Tactical transport<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph18\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>de Havilland Chipmunk<span class=\"nflag nf5\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United Kingdom\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Primary trainer<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph19\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bell 206<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light helicopter<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"bases\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Air bases<\/div>\n<h2>Where the Zambian Air Force flies from<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Black pins are active bases; none of the airfields listed has closed. <span class=\"imp\">The ZAF does not list its bases: its headquarters airfield is Lusaka City Airport, it began in 1964 at Livingstone, where it still keeps a station, and Wikipedia, citing IHS Jane&rsquo;s, adds Mbala and Mumbwa.<\/span> In April 2024 the cabinet approved handing Mbala and Southdowns near Kitwe to the air force; completion was not confirmed. Entries with no published aerodrome data carry no pin.<\/p>\n<div class=\"mapframe\">\n<div id=\"oobmap\" class=\"oobmap\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"legend\"><span><i class=\"dot\"><\/i> Active air base<\/span><span><i class=\"dot was\"><\/i> Closed or reserve<\/span><span>Click a pin to open the base page<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"basefind\" data-filter=\"#basetbl\" data-item=\"tbody tr\" data-noun=\"air bases\" placeholder=\"Search bases, province, units, aircrafts\" aria-label=\"Search bases, province, units, aircrafts\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"basefind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"basefind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"basetbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Base<\/th>\n<th>ICAO<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Runway<\/th>\n<th>Units and aircraft<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr id=\"base-livingstone\" data-base=\"livingstone\" data-x=\"active active Zambia Air Force Livingstone Station LVI\">\n<td>Livingstone Air Force Base<small>Harry Mwaanga Nkumbula International Airport<\/small><span>Southern Province, Livingstone<\/span><\/td>\n<td>FLHN<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>10\/28<\/span>2,292 m<span>paved<\/span><\/span><span><span>15\/33<\/span>1,372 m<span>paved<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Zambia Air Force Livingstone Station<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/sf-260\/\">SIAI-Marchetti SF-260TW<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span>No. 1 Squadron, Northern Rhodesia Air Force<\/span>: <span>Douglas C-47 Dakota (4), Hunting Percival Pembroke C.1 (2)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span>No. 2 Squadron, Northern Rhodesia Air Force<\/span>: <span>de Havilland Canada DHC-2 Beaver (6)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-lusaka-city\" data-base=\"lusaka-city\" data-x=\"active active Zambia Air Force Headquarters, Lusaka \">\n<td>Lusaka Air Force Base<small>Lusaka City Airport<\/small><span>Lusaka Province<\/span><\/td>\n<td>FLLC<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>08\/26<\/span>2,010 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>K-8 squadron (number not published for this base)<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/k-8-karakorum\/\">Hongdu K-8 Karakorum<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Transport and utility helicopter squadrons<\/span>: <span>Leonardo C-27J Spartan, Harbin Y-12, Cessna 208 Caravan, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\">Mil Mi-171<\/a>, Bell 212\/412<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-mbala\" data-base=\"mbala\" data-x=\"active active Zambia Air Force MMQ\">\n<td>Mbala Airport<small>Zambia Air Force<\/small><span>Northern Province, Mbala<\/span><\/td>\n<td>FLBA<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>12\/30<\/span>2,500 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-mumbwa\" data-base=\"mumbwa\" data-x=\"active active Zambia Air Force \">\n<td>Mumbwa<small>Zambia Air Force base<\/small><span>Central Province, Mumbwa District<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-southdowns\" data-base=\"southdowns\" data-x=\"active active Zambia Airports Corporation Limited, transferring to the Zambia Air Force KIW\">\n<td>Southdowns Airport, Kitwe<small>transfer to the Zambia Air Force approved<\/small><span>Copperbelt Province, Kalulushi District near Kitwe<\/span><\/td>\n<td>FLSO<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>11\/29<\/span>2,015 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"basefind\">No air base matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"oob\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Order of battle<\/div>\n<h2>Who is stationed where in the Zambian Air Force<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Units by base, current units first. <span class=\"imp\">Zambia does not publish which squadron flies from which base, so only units named at a base in the sources are listed: the K-8s and the transports and helicopters that Wikipedia, citing IHS Jane&rsquo;s, reports at Lusaka, and the station at Livingstone.<\/span> The two founding squadrons of the Northern Rhodesia Air Force at Livingstone in 1964 are listed as former units.<\/p>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"unitfind\" data-filter=\"#oobwrap\" data-item=\".oob\" data-noun=\"installations\" placeholder=\"Search squadrons, wings, aircraft, bases\" aria-label=\"Search squadrons, wings, aircraft, bases\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"unitfind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"unitfind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"oobwrap\" id=\"oobwrap\">\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Lusaka Province active Zambia Air Force Headquarters, Lusaka\">\n<div><span>Lusaka Air Force Base (Lusaka City Airport) &middot; FLLC<\/span><em>Zambia Air Force Headquarters, Lusaka<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>K-8 squadron (number not published for this base)<small>Jet training and light attack &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/k-8-karakorum\/\">Hongdu K-8 Karakorum<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Transport and utility helicopter squadrons<small>Transport and helicopter squadrons &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Leonardo C-27J Spartan, Harbin Y-12, Cessna 208 Caravan, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\">Mil Mi-171<\/a>, Bell 212\/412<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Southern Province, Livingstone active Zambia Air Force Livingstone Station\">\n<div><span>Livingstone Air Force Base (Harry Mwaanga Nkumbula International Airport) &middot; FLHN<\/span><em>Zambia Air Force Livingstone Station<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Zambia Air Force Livingstone Station<small>Air force station &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/sf-260\/\">SIAI-Marchetti SF-260TW<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">No. 1 Squadron, Northern Rhodesia Air Force<small>1964&ndash;<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Douglas C-47 Dakota (4), Hunting Percival Pembroke C.1 (2)<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">No. 2 Squadron, Northern Rhodesia Air Force<small>1964&ndash;<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">de Havilland Canada DHC-2 Beaver (6)<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"unitfind\">No unit matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>Zambian Air Force milestones, 1914 to today<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1964<\/div>\n<p>1 March: the Northern Rhodesia Air Force is formed at Livingstone with Dakotas, Pembrokes and Beavers. 24 October: independence; it becomes the Zambia Air Wing.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1968<\/div>\n<p>The Zambian Air Force is established, according to the ZAF&rsquo;s own history.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1972<\/div>\n<p>Lt Gen Peter Zuze succeeds Group Captain Kilduff, commander since 1964.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1978<\/div>\n<p>19&ndash;21 October: Operation Gatling; Rhodesian aircraft bomb ZIPRA camps near Lusaka and warn Zambian fighters not to take off.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1980<\/div>\n<p>September: the Soviet Union begins delivering at least 16 MiG-21bis and two MiG-21UM.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1997<\/div>\n<p>About 12&ndash;13 MiG-21s go to Israel Aerospace Industries for overhaul; at least three are never returned.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2009<\/div>\n<p>Early in the year the MiG-21 fleet is withdrawn.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2012<\/div>\n<p>The first six SF-260TW trainers are delivered.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2014<\/div>\n<p>Zambia orders six Hongdu L-15Z advanced trainers. January: an MFI-17 crashes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2015<\/div>\n<p>Mi-171 helicopters begin arriving from Russia (to 2017).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2016<\/div>\n<p>The L-15Z enters service and is shown at Africa Aerospace and Defence in South Africa.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2021<\/div>\n<p>Three Agusta-Bell 412SPs arrive from Italy and South Africa; Lt Gen Colin Barry succeeds Lt Gen David Muma.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2022<\/div>\n<p>28 March: an SF-260TW crashes near Livingstone, killing the station commander and a second lieutenant.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2023<\/div>\n<p>September: the US announces an 80 million dollar grant of four Bell 412EPs. December: Lt Gen Oscar Nyoni takes command.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2024<\/div>\n<p>March: two Bell 412EPs and two Enstrom 480Bs enter service. 22&ndash;26 April: the ZAF hosts the first Aviation Week Africa.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2025<\/div>\n<p>13 January: US approval of a possible Bell 412 sale. 9&ndash;26 September: Zambia hosts the SADC Blue Lugwasho drought-relief exercise.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"combat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Combat record<\/div>\n<h2>Every war the Zambian Air Force has fought<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Sorties and losses where the record gives them, and an honest blank where it does not.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip dark\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1<\/b><span>conflicts<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1978<\/b><span>First<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>0<\/b><span>Aircraft lost<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>0<\/b><span>Killed<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"gl cml\">\n<li><b>Rhodesian raids on Zambia<\/b> <span class=\"de\">1978<\/span> None recorded in the air<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a class=\"cbig\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/zambian-air-force\/combat-record\/\">Open the full combat record<\/a><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"makers\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The manufacturers<\/div>\n<h2>Who built the Zambian Air Force fleet<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every company behind the aircraft on this page has its own page: the story, every type it built, the numbers and the other air forces that fly them.<\/p>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3>Current fleet and orders<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/bell\/\">Bell<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/agusta\/\">Agusta<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/harbin\/\">Harbin<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/hongdu\/\">Hongdu<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/beechcraft\/\">Beechcraft<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/cessna\/\">Cessna<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/elbit\/\">Elbit Systems<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/enstrom\/\">Enstrom<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/leonardo\/\">Leonardo<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/mil\/\">Mil<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/siai-marchetti\/\">SIAI-Marchetti<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/xian\/\">Xi&#8217;an<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>Former fleet<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/soko\/\" class=\"was\">SOKO<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/shenyang\/\" class=\"was\">Shenyang<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/de-havilland-canada\/\" class=\"was\">de Havilland Canada<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/aermacchi\/\" class=\"was\">Aermacchi<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/douglas\/\" class=\"was\">Douglas<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/hunting\/\" class=\"was\">Hunting Aircraft<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/mikoyan\/\" class=\"was\">Mikoyan<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/saab\/\" class=\"was\">Saab<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/de-havilland\/\" class=\"was\">de Havilland<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about the Zambian Air Force<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>What aircraft does the Zambia Air Force fly?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">According to FlightGlobal&rsquo;s World Air Forces 2026, as tabulated on Wikipedia, six Hongdu L-15Z advanced trainers and 15 <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/k-8-karakorum\/\">K-8<\/a> jet trainers are its combat-capable jets, with 11 <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/sf-260\/\">SF.260<\/a>s, two C-27J Spartans, seven Y-12s, an MA60, AB205, Bell 412, Z-9 and <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\">Mi-171<\/a> helicopters, and three Hermes 450 drones.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is it the Zambia Air Force or the Zambian Air Force?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The service calls itself the Zambia Air Force (ZAF) on its official website, airforce.mil.zm, which is the spelling used here for the official name. Wikipedia&rsquo;s article is titled &quot;Zambian Air Force&quot;, and the ZAF&rsquo;s own history page also says &quot;Zambian Air Force&quot; once, so both are common.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>When was the Zambia Air Force founded?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The ZAF says the Northern Rhodesia Air Force was formed on 1 March 1964 at Livingstone, became the Zambia Air Wing at independence that October, and that the Zambian Air Force was established in 1968. Wikipedia dates the change of name to independence in October 1964.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Does Zambia have fighter jets?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Not supersonic ones. Its MiG-21s, delivered from 1980, were withdrawn in early 2009. Its most capable combat aircraft are six L-15Z advanced trainers, which can carry PL-5 air-to-air missiles and a gun pod, and about 15 K-8 light attack trainers.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Who commands the Zambia Air Force?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Lieutenant General Oscar M A Nyoni, who took over from Lieutenant General Colin Barry in late December 2023, according to defenceWeb; the ZAF website names him as commander. His deputy and Chief of Air Staff is Major General Henry Chiwaya.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What was the &quot;Green Leader&quot; raid?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">On 19 October 1978 Rhodesian Canberras and Hunters bombed the ZAPU camp at Westlands Farm near Lusaka. The strike leader, Squadron Leader Chris Dixon, radioed Lusaka tower as &quot;Green Leader&quot; to say Rhodesian Hunters would shoot down any Zambian fighter that took off. None did. The casualty figures are disputed: Rhodesia claimed 1,500 guerrillas, ZAPU described hundreds of young refugees killed.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Did Zambia fly MiG-21s?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. The Soviet Union delivered at least 16 MiG-21bis fighters and two MiG-21UM trainers from September 1980. About a dozen went to Israel for overhaul in 1997, at least three never came back because of unpaid bills, and the fleet was withdrawn in early 2009.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why did the US give helicopters to Zambia?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">In September 2023 US Africa Command announced an 80 million dollar grant of four Bell 412EP helicopters with three years of support, for domestic needs, regional security and UN peacekeeping; two arrived in March 2024. On 13 January 2025 the US approved a possible further sale worth up to 100 million dollars.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Where are the Zambia Air Force bases?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Wikipedia names Lusaka, Mbala and Mumbwa; Livingstone, where the service began in 1964, is an air force base and was the main operating base of the SADC Blue Lugwasho exercise in September 2025.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What aircraft does the Zambia Air Force fly?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"According to FlightGlobal\\u2019s World Air Forces 2026, as tabulated on Wikipedia, six Hongdu L-15Z advanced trainers and 15 K-8 jet trainers are its combat-capable jets, with 11 SF.260s, two C-27J Spartans, seven Y-12s, an MA60, AB205, Bell 412, Z-9 and Mi-171 helicopters, and three Hermes 450 drones.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is it the Zambia Air Force or the Zambian Air Force?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The service calls itself the Zambia Air Force (ZAF) on its official website, airforce.mil.zm, which is the spelling used here for the official name. Wikipedia\\u2019s article is titled \\\"Zambian Air Force\\\", and the ZAF\\u2019s own history page also says \\\"Zambian Air Force\\\" once, so both are common.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"When was the Zambia Air Force founded?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The ZAF says the Northern Rhodesia Air Force was formed on 1 March 1964 at Livingstone, became the Zambia Air Wing at independence that October, and that the Zambian Air Force was established in 1968. Wikipedia dates the change of name to independence in October 1964.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Does Zambia have fighter jets?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Not supersonic ones. Its MiG-21s, delivered from 1980, were withdrawn in early 2009. 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The casualty figures are disputed: Rhodesia claimed 1,500 guerrillas, ZAPU described hundreds of young refugees killed.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Did Zambia fly MiG-21s?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. The Soviet Union delivered at least 16 MiG-21bis fighters and two MiG-21UM trainers from September 1980. About a dozen went to Israel for overhaul in 1997, at least three never came back because of unpaid bills, and the fleet was withdrawn in early 2009.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Why did the US give helicopters to Zambia?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"In September 2023 US Africa Command announced an 80 million dollar grant of four Bell 412EP helicopters with three years of support, for domestic needs, regional security and UN peacekeeping; two arrived in March 2024. On 13 January 2025 the US approved a possible further sale worth up to 100 million dollars.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Where are the Zambia Air Force bases?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Wikipedia names Lusaka, Mbala and Mumbwa; Livingstone, where the service began in 1964, is an air force base and was the main operating base of the SADC Blue Lugwasho exercise in September 2025.\"}}]}<\/script><hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"gallery\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Read the aircraft the Zambian Air Force flew<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every type with a page in the Book of Beasts, in service first, then by the year it left the fleet.<\/p>\n<div class=\"acgrid\"><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/k-8-karakorum\/\"><span class=\"im ph2\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Hongdu K-8 Karakorum (K-8P)<\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/sf-260\/\"><span class=\"im ph3\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>SIAI-Marchetti SF.260TW<span class=\"nflag nf10\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Italy\"><\/span><\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\"><span class=\"im none\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Mil Mi-171Sh \/ Mi-171E<\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/aermacchi-mb-326\/\"><span class=\"im ph13\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Aermacchi MB-326GB<span class=\"nflag nf10\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Italy\"><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-21-fishbed\/\"><span class=\"im ph10\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21bis and MiG-21UM<\/b><em>1980&ndash;2009<\/em><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.airforce.mil.zm\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zambia Air Force: official website<\/a><span>Official name &quot;Zambia Air Force (ZAF)&quot;; commander Lt Gen Oscar M A Nyoni; deputy commander and Chief of Air Staff Maj Gen Henry Chiwaya; roles; aircraft pictured; news of the US Bell 412EP grant.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.airforce.mil.zm\/about%20us.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zambia Air Force: About us<\/a><span>Official history: Northern Rhodesian Air Wing; Northern Rhodesia Air Force from 1 March 1964 at Livingstone with Dakotas, Pembrokes and Beavers; Zambia Air Wing after independence; &quot;in 1968 the Zambian Air Force was established&quot;; vision and values.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.airforce.mil.zm\/commanders.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zambia Air Force: Commanders<\/a><span>Official list of commanders from Group Captain Kilduff (1964&ndash;1972) to Lt Gen Colin Barry (2021&ndash;2023) and Lt Gen Oscar Nyoni.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ainonline.com\/aviation-news\/defense\/2016-09-16\/chinas-l-15-jet-displayed-zambia-south-africa\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Aviation International News: China&rsquo;s L-15 jet displayed by Zambia in South Africa (16 September 2016)<\/a><span>Zambian L-15Z shown at Africa Aerospace and Defence 2016 with Chinese weapons, described as an advanced trainer and light attack aircraft.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defenceweb.co.za\/tag\/zambia-air-force\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: articles tagged Zambia Air Force<\/a><span>Headlines and dates, including Enstrom 480B order (20 April 2023), helicopter crash (17 September 2015) and MFI-17 crash (20 January 2014).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/two-dead-in-zambian-sf-260-crash\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Two dead in Zambian SF-260 crash (29 March 2022)<\/a><span>SF-260TW AF-545 crashed near Livingstone on 28 March 2022, killing the Livingstone station commander and a second lieutenant; trainer inventory.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/us-donates-helicopters-to-the-zambia-air-force\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: US donating helicopters to the Zambia Air Force (15 September 2023)<\/a><span>AFRICOM&rsquo;s Gen Michael Langley announced an 80 million US dollar grant for four Bell 412EPs with three years of support; helicopter fleet.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/zambia-air-force-to-host-first-ever-aviation-week-africa-event\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Zambia Air Force to host first ever Aviation Week Africa event (13 March 2024)<\/a><span>Aviation Week Africa, 22&ndash;26 April 2024; Lt Gen Colin Barry replaced by Lt Gen Oscar M Nyoni in late December 2023.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/zambia-aiming-to-buy-more-bell-412-helicopters\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Zambia aiming to buy more Bell 412 helicopters (14 January 2025)<\/a><span>US approval of a possible 100 million dollar sale on 13 January 2025; two grant Bell 412EPs delivered in March 2024; helicopter fleet details.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/six-sadc-air-forces-bolster-ex-blue-lugwasho-with-aircraft-contributions\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Six SADC air forces bolster Ex Blue Lugwasho with aircraft contributions (19 September 2025)<\/a><span>SADC drought-relief exercise hosted by Zambia, 9&ndash;26 September 2025, main operating base Livingstone Air Force Base; ZAF aircraft involved.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/south-african-and-zambian-air-forces-cement-ties\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: South African and Zambian air forces cement ties (21 November 2025)<\/a><span>Lt Gen Oscar Nyoni&rsquo;s visit to the SAAF, 17&ndash;21 November 2025; training exchanges; ZAF&rsquo;s Ndeke Agriculture Company.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defenceweb.co.za\/security\/african-militaries\/zambia\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Zambia (African militaries profile, Armand Liebenberg, 7 January 2026, updated 28 May 2026)<\/a><span>Air force headquarters in Lusaka; squadron structure by aircraft type (L-15, two K-8 squadrons, a training squadron, two transport squadrons, a government unit, two helicopter squadrons), without bases.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zambiamonitor.com\/cabinet-announces-transfer-of-southdowns-mbala-airports-to-zambia-air-force\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Zambia Monitor: Cabinet announces transfer of Southdowns, Mbala airports to Zambia Air Force (14 April 2024)<\/a><span>Cited as summarised by Wikipedia (archived 8 May 2024); the live link returned 404 on 1 October 2026 and the article itself was not read.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Figures verified 2026-10-01. Order of Battle pages are regenerated from a single dataset; if a number here disagrees with a Book of Beasts page, this page is the more recent of the two.<\/p>\n<p class=\"verified\">Photographs: Photo: Bob Adams \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0) &middot; Photo: Sir James \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 3.0) &middot; Photo: Armando Olivo Mart&#237;n del Campo \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Ronnie Macdonald from Chelmsford and Largs, United Kingdom \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 2.0) &middot; Photo: Carlos E. Perez S.L \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Rob Schleiffert \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0) &middot; Photo: ZLEA \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Gerald L. Nino \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: Landolso \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC0) &middot; Photo: Sr&#273;an Popovi&#263; \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Sr&#273;an Popovi&#263; \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0) &middot; Photo: Anidaat \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Julian Herzog \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 4.0) &middot; Photo: Arpingstone \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: Jim van de Burgt from Wijk bij Duurstede, Netherlands \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC0) &middot; Photo: Balon Greyjoy \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC0) &middot; Photo: Bidgee \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0 au) &middot; Photo: Mfield &#8211; Matthew Field, http:\/\/www.photography.mattfield.com \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 2.5)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam 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