{"id":32335,"date":"2026-10-08T14:23:02","date_gmt":"2026-10-08T12:23:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/?page_id=32335"},"modified":"2026-10-08T18:23:24","modified_gmt":"2026-10-08T16:23:24","slug":"harbin","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/nl\/aircraft-manufacturers\/harbin\/","title":{"rendered":"Harbin"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>body.page-id-32335 h1.entry-title.main_title{display:none} body.page-id-32335 #main-content .container{padding-top:0} body.page-id-32335 #left-area{padding-bottom:0} body.page-id-32335{overflow-x:hidden} body.page-id-32335 #sidebar{display:none} body.page-id-32335 #left-area{width:100%!important;float:none;padding:0} body.page-id-32335 #main-content .container::before{display:none!important;background:none!important} html{overflow-x:hidden} #mfam{width:100vw;margin-left:calc(50% - 50vw);background:#fff;color:#14181f;line-height:1.7;font-family:'Gilroy 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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}#mfam .mlogo{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:#fff;padding:10px 16px;height:68px;margin:0 0 18px;border:1px solid #e2e7ee}#mfam .mlogo .li{display:block;background:center\/contain no-repeat}#mfam .mlogo.sm{position:absolute;left:14px;top:96px;height:52px;padding:6px 10px;margin:0}#mfam .mlogo.sm img{max-height:38px;max-width:120px}#mfam .mlogo.xs{height:28px;padding:2px 6px;margin:0 10px 0 0;vertical-align:middle;border:0;background:transparent}#mfam .mlogo.xs img{max-height:24px;max-width:72px}#mfam .mrel{position:relative;padding-top:0}#mfam .mrel .mim{display:block;height:130px;margin:-26px -26px 44px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat}#mfam a.mname{display:inline-flex;align-items:center}#mfam span.acard{cursor:default}#mfam .pcred{font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin:10px 0 28px;line-height:1.5}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero photo\">\n<div class=\"heroimg ph1\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/\">Aircraft manufacturers<\/a> &middot; China<\/div>\n<h1>Harbin<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">Harbin Aircraft Industry (Group) Co., Ltd. (HAIG) &middot; Hafei &middot; &#21704;&#23572;&#28392;&#39134;&#26426;&#24037;&#19994;&#38598;&#22242;<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">Born as a repair shop in a former Japanese aircraft factory in Manchuria, Harbin assembled China&rsquo;s first helicopter and first jet bombers, put a Chinese aircraft through FAA certification and now builds the Z-20, China&rsquo;s Black Hawk.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1952<\/b><span>Founded<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>Active<\/b><span>Status<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>10<\/b><span>Aircraft on record<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>26<\/b><span>Air forces flying its types<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"photocred\">Photo: Kentaro Iemoto from Tokyo, Japan \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0)<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Country<\/b>China<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Founded<\/b>1952-04-01<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Headquarters<\/b>Pingfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Owner<\/b>AVIC, through AVIC Helicopter Co. (Zhongzhi), from 2023<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Status<\/b>Active<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>Harbin: the company and the aircraft that made its name<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">A Manchurian factory reborn<\/h3>\n<p>Harbin&rsquo;s aircraft works stands on borrowed ground. When State Factory 122 opened on 1 April 1952, one of the People&rsquo;s Republic&rsquo;s first six major aircraft plants, it moved onto the site of the old Manchuria Airplane Manufacturing Company, the Manshu factory of Japanese-ruled Manchukuo. At first it only repaired aircraft. In December 1953 it was expanded into a bomber plant, and in 1957 it took a cover name, the Weijian Machinery Factory. For years the outside world knew it, if at all, only by its number; it was not until 1978 that <span class=\"imp\">Factory 122 was opened to foreigners<\/span> as the Harbin Aircraft Factory.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">The first helicopter, the first bombers<\/h3>\n<p>The Soviet alliance gave Harbin its start. In 1958 it began building copies of Soviet aircraft, and on 14 December 1958 the Z-5, a Mil Mi-4, made the first flight of a Chinese-built helicopter. In September 1959 a Tupolev Tu-16 assembled there from Soviet parts flew as the first H-6, China&rsquo;s first jet strategic bomber, and according to Chinese sources it was a Harbin-built H-6 that <span class=\"imp\">dropped China&rsquo;s first air-delivered atomic bomb<\/span> on 14 May 1965. After the Sino-Soviet split, Harbin put the Ilyushin Il-28 into production as the H-5 without a licence, redesigning the wing structure along the way; more than 319 were built, plus 187 HJ-5 trainers.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">A hundred a year<\/h3>\n<p>By 1971 the factory was turning out 100 Z-5 helicopters and 100 H-5 bombers a year, a record it still celebrates. It also built 558 Z-5s in all, some of which still fly with North Korea, and in 1976 flew the SH-5, a big four-engine amphibious anti-submarine bomber of its own design, of which only seven were made. The H-5 had a dramatic afterlife too. In 1965 a crew defected in one to Taiwan, and on 25 August 1985 another landed in a South Korean rice field out of fuel, killing its navigator and a farmer on the ground.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">The little transport that passed the FAA<\/h3>\n<p>The aircraft that made Harbin&rsquo;s international name was modest. The Y-11 utility twin of 1975 led to the turboprop Y-12, which first flew on 14 July 1982 and in December 1985 received the first type certificate ever issued by China&rsquo;s civil aviation authority for a domestic aircraft. In March 1995 the Y-12 (IV) became <span class=\"imp\">the first Chinese-designed aircraft certified by the US FAA<\/span>. Around 300 have been delivered, many to small airlines and air forces in Africa, Asia and the Pacific, and the redesigned Y-12F added EASA approval in 2023.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Helicopters, cars and the Z-20<\/h3>\n<p>Harbin made its fortune in helicopters. From 1980 it built the French Dauphin under licence as the Z-9, more than 200 of which serve the Chinese forces, and it codeveloped the EC120 and the AC352, the Chinese twin of the Airbus H175. It ran a joint venture with Embraer from 2003 building the ERJ 145, and its Hafei car division was sold to Changan in 2009. Its most important product today is the Z-20, a ten-tonne utility helicopter in the Black Hawk class that first flew on 23 December 2013. In 2023 the group was placed under AVIC&rsquo;s listed helicopter company, Zhongzhi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"pull\">Born as a repair shop in a former Japanese aircraft factory in Manchuria, Harbin assembled China&rsquo;s first helicopter and first jet bombers, put a Chinese aircraft through FAA certification and now builds the Z-20, China&rsquo;s Black Hawk.<cite>Harbin &middot; verified 2026-10-03<\/cite><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>Harbin in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>The company<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>In short<\/dt>\n<dd>Founded 1952<\/p>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Founded 1 April 1952 as State Factory 122, on the former Manshu aircraft factory site<\/li>\n<li>Second name Weijian Machinery Factory from 1957; Harbin Aircraft Factory for foreigners from 1978<\/li>\n<li>Harbin Aircraft Manufacturing Corporation 1986; Harbin Aircraft Industry Group 1998<\/li>\n<li>Shares listed in Shanghai from December 2000<\/li>\n<li>Subsidiary of AVIC; moved under AVIC Helicopter (Zhongzhi) in 2023<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Production<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Best known for<\/dt>\n<dd>Z-5, H-5, Y-12, Z-9, Z-20<\/p>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Z-5 helicopter: 558 built<\/li>\n<li>H-5 bomber: more than 319 built plus 187 HJ-5 trainers<\/li>\n<li>Y-12 utility transport: about 300 delivered by 2023<\/li>\n<li>Z-9 helicopter: more than 200 built<\/li>\n<li>Z-20 helicopter: more than 230 built<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Today<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Now<\/dt>\n<dd>AVIC helicopter maker<\/p>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Z-20, Z-19 and Z-9 military helicopters<\/li>\n<li>Y-12 and Y-12F light transports<\/li>\n<li>AC352 medium helicopter codeveloped with Airbus Helicopters<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Figures for Chinese military production are estimates from Western references.<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>The numbers<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Employees<\/dt>\n<dd>about 6,700<\/dd>\n<dt>Record annual output<\/dt>\n<dd>100 Z-5 and 100 H-5<span class=\"gnote\">1971<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Y-12 deliveries<\/dt>\n<dd>around 300<span class=\"gnote\">2023<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Y-12 export sales<\/dt>\n<dd>61 aircraft to 13 countries<span class=\"gnote\">1995<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>H-5 and HJ-5 built<\/dt>\n<dd>more than 319 and 187<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"fleet\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The aircraft<\/div>\n<h2>Every notable Harbin aircraft<\/h2>\n<div class=\"acgrid\"><span class=\"acard\"><span class=\"im ph2\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Harbin Z-5<\/b><em>Transport helicopter (Mil Mi-4) &middot; first flight 1958 &middot; 558 built<\/em><\/span><\/span><span class=\"acard\"><span class=\"im ph3\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Harbin Y-12<\/b><em>STOL utility transport &middot; first flight 1982 &middot; about 300 built<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<p class=\"pcred\">Photos: Photo (Z-5 in a museum shown): Rob Schleiffert \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0); AeroCambodia \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0)<\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"mfrtbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Aircraft<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th>First flight<\/th>\n<th>Built<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Note<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Harbin Z-5<\/td>\n<td>Transport helicopter (Mil Mi-4)<\/td>\n<td>1958<\/td>\n<td>558<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>China&rsquo;s first helicopter; still in limited North Korean service<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Harbin-assembled H-6<\/td>\n<td>Strategic bomber (Tu-16)<\/td>\n<td>1959<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>First Chinese H-6 assembled at Harbin from Soviet parts; series production later moved to Xi&rsquo;an<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Harbin H-5<\/td>\n<td>Jet tactical bomber (Il-28)<\/td>\n<td>1966<\/td>\n<td>more than 319<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Built without licence; plus 187 HJ-5 trainers<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Harbin SH-5<\/td>\n<td>Amphibious anti-submarine bomber<\/td>\n<td>1976<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Harbin Y-11<\/td>\n<td>Utility twin<\/td>\n<td>1975<\/td>\n<td>about 50<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Harbin Y-12<\/td>\n<td>STOL utility transport<\/td>\n<td>1982<\/td>\n<td>about 300<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">In production<\/span><\/td>\n<td>First Chinese aircraft certified by the FAA, 1995<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Harbin Z-9<\/td>\n<td>Multirole helicopter (Dauphin)<\/td>\n<td>1981<\/td>\n<td>more than 200<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">In production<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Harbin Z-19<\/td>\n<td>Reconnaissance and attack helicopter<\/td>\n<td>2011<\/td>\n<td>more than 186<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Harbin Z-20<\/td>\n<td>Ten-tonne utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td>2013<\/td>\n<td>more than 230<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">In production<\/span><\/td>\n<td>In service from October 2019<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>AVIC AC352 (Z-15)<\/td>\n<td>Medium utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td>2016<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">In production<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Chinese version of the Airbus H175<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"operators\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Who flies them<\/div>\n<h2>Harbin aircraft in the world&rsquo;s air forces<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">26 air forces in the Order of Battle fly or flew Harbin types. <span class=\"imp\">24 of them still have one in service.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"opfind\" data-filter=\"#optbl\" data-item=\"tbody tr\" data-noun=\"air forces\" placeholder=\"Search air forces and types\" aria-label=\"Search air forces and types\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"opfind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"opfind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"optbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Air force<\/th>\n<th>In service<\/th>\n<th>Formerly flown<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/namibian-air-force\/\">Namibian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Y-12, Harbin Z-9, Harbin H425<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/djiboutian-air-force\/\">Djiboutian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Y-12, Harbin Z-9<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/kenya-air-force\/\">Kenya Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Y-12, Harbin Z-9<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/korean-peoples-army-air-force\/\">Korean People&rsquo;s Army Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/il-28-beagle\/\">Harbin H-5 and Ilyushin Il-28 Beagle<\/a>, Mil Mi-2 and Harbin Z-5 (Mi-4)<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/mauritania-islamic-air-force\/\">Mauritania Islamic Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Z-9, Harbin BZK-005E<\/td>\n<td>Harbin Y-12 II<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/peoples-liberation-army-naval-air-force\/\">People&rsquo;s Liberation Army Naval Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Z-9C, Z-9D and Z-9S, Harbin Z-20F and Z-20J<\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/il-28-beagle\/\" class=\"was\">Ilyushin Il-28 and Harbin H-5<\/a>, Harbin SH-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/royal-cambodian-air-force\/\">Royal Cambodian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Z-9, Harbin Y-12<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/zambian-air-force\/\">Zambian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Y-12, Harbin Z-9<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/air-vigilance-service\/\">Air Vigilance Service<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Y-12<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/cameroon-air-force\/\">Cameroon Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Z-9WE<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/equatorial-guinea-air-force\/\">Equatorial Guinea Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Z-9WE<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/eritrean-air-force\/\">Eritrean Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Y-12<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/ghana-air-force\/\">Ghana Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Z-9EH<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/guyana-defence-force-air-corps\/\">Guyana Defence Force Air Corps<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Y-12<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/lao-peoples-liberation-army-air-force\/\">Lao People&rsquo;s Liberation Army Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Z-9<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/malian-air-force\/\">Malian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Y-12E<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/myanmar-air-force\/\">Myanmar Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Y-12<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/pakistan-air-force\/\">Pakistan Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Airbus CN-235, Harbin Y-12, Gulfstream IV-SP, Embraer Phenom 100, Airbus A319 and other liaison aircraft<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/pakistan-army-aviation-corps\/\">Pakistan Army Aviation Corps<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Y-12 and Turbo Commander 690<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/pakistan-naval-air-arm\/\">Pakistan Naval Air Arm<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Z-9EC<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/peoples-liberation-army-air-force\/\">People&rsquo;s Liberation Army Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Z-8, Z-20 and other Airborne Corps helicopters<\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/il-28-beagle\/\" class=\"was\">Ilyushin Il-28 and Harbin H-5<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/seychelles-air-force\/\">Seychelles Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Y-12<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/sri-lanka-air-force\/\">Sri Lanka Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Y-12 II and IV<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/tanzania-air-force-command\/\">Tanzania Air Force Command<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Y-12<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/albanian-air-force\/\">Albanian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/il-28-beagle\/\" class=\"was\">Ilyushin Il-28 and Harbin H-5<\/a>, Harbin Z-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/romanian-air-force\/\">Romanian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/il-28-beagle\/\" class=\"was\">Ilyushin Il-28 and Harbin H-5<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"people\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Places, people, records<\/div>\n<h2>Where Harbin built, who led it, what it achieved<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3>Factories<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li><b>Factory 122<\/b> &middot; Pingfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang &mdash; Former Manchuria Airplane Manufacturing Company site; main works since 1952<\/li>\n<li><b>Harbin Embraer Aircraft Industry<\/b> &middot; Harbin &mdash; Joint venture with Embraer founded 16 December 2003 for the ERJ 145 and later Legacy 650<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>Records and firsts<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>First helicopter built in China: Z-5, 14 December 1958<\/li>\n<li>Y-12 II received the first CAAC type certificate for a Chinese-built civil aircraft, December 1985<\/li>\n<li>Y-12 IV the first Chinese-designed aircraft certified by the FAA, March 1995<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>Harbin, year by year<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1952<\/div>\n<p>State Factory 122 founded as an aircraft repair works<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1953<\/div>\n<p>Expanded into a bomber factory<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1957<\/div>\n<p>Takes the name Weijian Machinery Factory<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1958<\/div>\n<p>Z-5 makes the first flight of a Chinese-built helicopter<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1959<\/div>\n<p>First Harbin-assembled H-6 bomber flies<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1965<\/div>\n<p>H-6 makes China&rsquo;s first air-dropped atomic bomb test<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1966<\/div>\n<p>First flight of the H-5 jet bomber<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1971<\/div>\n<p>Record output of 100 Z-5 and 100 H-5<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1976<\/div>\n<p>First flight of the SH-5 amphibian<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1980<\/div>\n<p>Licence for the French Dauphin helicopter, built as the Z-9<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1982<\/div>\n<p>First flight of the Y-12<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1995<\/div>\n<p>Y-12 IV certified by the FAA<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1998<\/div>\n<p>Renamed Harbin Aircraft Industry Group<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2003<\/div>\n<p>Joint venture with Embraer founded<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2013<\/div>\n<p>First flight of the Z-20<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2023<\/div>\n<p>Transfer to AVIC Helicopter (Zhongzhi) announced<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about Harbin<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>What does Harbin Aircraft build?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Mainly helicopters for the Chinese armed forces, including the Z-20, Z-19 and Z-9, plus the Y-12 light transport and parts for foreign aerospace companies.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is Hafei?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Hafei is the short Chinese name of Harbin Aircraft Industry Group. Its former car division, Hafei Motor, was sold to Changan in 2009.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Who owns Harbin Aircraft Industry Group?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">It belongs to the state-owned Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC) and in 2023 was placed under AVIC&rsquo;s listed helicopter company, Zhongzhi.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is the Harbin Z-20 a copy of the Black Hawk?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The Z-20 is a Chinese design in the same ten-tonne class as the Sikorsky UH-60, with similar layout and specifications.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Was the Y-12 certified in the West?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. The Y-12 IV received FAA type certification in March 1995, the first Chinese-designed aircraft to do so; the Y-12F was certified by the FAA in 2016 and EASA in 2023.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What does Harbin Aircraft build?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Mainly helicopters for the Chinese armed forces, including the Z-20, Z-19 and Z-9, plus the Y-12 light transport and parts for foreign aerospace companies.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is Hafei?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Hafei is the short Chinese name of Harbin Aircraft Industry Group. Its former car division, Hafei Motor, was sold to Changan in 2009.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Who owns Harbin Aircraft Industry Group?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"It belongs to the state-owned Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC) and in 2023 was placed under AVIC\\u2019s listed helicopter company, Zhongzhi.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is the Harbin Z-20 a copy of the Black Hawk?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The Z-20 is a Chinese design in the same ten-tonne class as the Sikorsky UH-60, with similar layout and specifications.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Was the Y-12 certified in the West?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. The Y-12 IV received FAA type certification in March 1995, the first Chinese-designed aircraft to do so; the Y-12F was certified by the FAA in 2016 and EASA in 2023.\"}}]}<\/script><hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Around Harbin<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/chengdu\/\"><span class=\"rk\">China<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Chengdu<\/span><span class=\"rp\">A Soviet-aided plant known only as Factory 132 turned an incomplete MiG-21 package into thousands of J-7s, then gave China the J-10, Asia&rsquo;s first stealth fighter&hellip;<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Chengdu page<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/hongdu\/\"><span class=\"rk\">China<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Hongdu<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Born as a joint venture between Chiang Kai-shek and Mussolini, the Nanchang works became China&rsquo;s school of the air, building thousands of trainers, the Q-5 attack&hellip;<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Hongdu page<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The index<\/span><span class=\"rh\">All aircraft manufacturers<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Every company that built an aircraft flown by the air forces in the Order of Battle, current and historic.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Open the list<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harbin_Aircraft_Industry_Group\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Harbin Aircraft Industry Group, Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%93%88%E5%B0%94%E6%BB%A8%E9%A3%9E%E6%9C%BA%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Harbin Aircraft Industry Group, Wikipedia (Chinese)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harbin_Aircraft_Manufacturing_Corporation\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Harbin Aircraft Manufacturing Corporation history, Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harbin_Y-12\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Harbin Y-12, Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ilyushin_Il-28\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Ilyushin Il-28 (Harbin H-5), Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harbin_Z-5\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Harbin Z-5, Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harbin_SH-5\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Harbin SH-5, Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harbin_Y-11\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Harbin Y-11, Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harbin_Z-9\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Harbin Z-9, Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harbin_Z-19\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Harbin Z-19, Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Harbin_Z-20\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Harbin Z-20, Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Airbus_Helicopters_H175\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Airbus Helicopters H175 and AVIC AC352, Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Verified 2026-10-03.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .ph1{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/w12-mm-t-89.jpg)!important}#mfam .ph2{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/w7-al-t-77.jpg)!important}#mfam .ph3{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/w12-kh-t-31.jpg)!important}<\/style>\n<style>#mfam .nflag{background-image:url(https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/aircraft-manufacturer-country-flags-v4.png)!important}#mfam .nf0{background-position:-2px -2px}#mfam .nf1{background-position:-24px -2px}#mfam .nf2{background-position:-46px -2px}#mfam .nf3{background-position:-68px -2px}#mfam 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(HAIG) &middot; Hafei &middot; &#21704;&#23572;&#28392;&#39134;&#26426;&#24037;&#19994;&#38598;&#22242; Born as a repair shop in a former Japanese aircraft factory in Manchuria, Harbin assembled China&rsquo;s first helicopter and first jet bombers, put a Chinese aircraft through FAA certification and now builds the Z-20, China&rsquo;s [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":31477,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-32335","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Harbin | MiGFlug<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/nl\/vliegtuigfabrikanten\/harbin\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"nl_NL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Harbin | MiGFlug\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Order of Battle &middot; Aircraft manufacturers &middot; China Harbin Harbin Aircraft Industry (Group) Co., Ltd. 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