{"id":17740,"date":"2026-07-17T09:31:04","date_gmt":"2026-07-17T07:31:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/fighter-aircraft-combat-statistics\/polikarpov-i-16\/"},"modified":"2026-08-02T10:28:13","modified_gmt":"2026-08-02T08:28:13","slug":"polikarpov-i-16","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/pt\/aircraft\/polikarpov-i-16\/","title":{"rendered":"Polikarpov I-16 \u2014 History, Specs &#038; Stories"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"mfam\">\n<style> @import url('https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Lora:ital,wght@0,400;0,500;1,400;1,500&display=swap'); body.page-id-17740 h1.entry-title.main_title{display:none} body.page-id-17740 #main-content .container{padding-top:0} body.page-id-17740 #left-area{padding-bottom:0} html{overflow-x:hidden} body.page-id-17740{overflow-x:hidden} body.page-id-17740 #sidebar{display:none} body.page-id-17740 #left-area{width:100%!important;float:none;padding:0} #mfam{width:100vw;margin-left:calc(50% - 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A few airworthy reproductions exist, rebuilt from recovered wartime wrecks, but they are not offered for passenger flights and the I-16 was a single-seat fighter. You can, however, fly in a range of genuine ex-military jets and warbirds today via MiGFlug.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Was the I-16 really the first of its kind?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"It is widely credited as the first mass-produced low-wing cantilever monoplane fighter with retractable landing gear to reach front-line service, combining the monoplane layout, an enclosed cockpit early on, and a retractable undercarriage in one operational fighter.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Why was the I-16 so hard to fly?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Its very short fuselage and rearward centre of gravity made it longitudinally unstable and extremely sensitive in pitch, quick to snap into a spin. Poor forward visibility, high landing speeds and a hand-cranked undercarriage made it a fighter for skilled pilots.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Where does the nickname Ishak come from?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Ishak means donkey. Some sources say the Russian pronunciation of I-16 sounded like the word; others say it reflected the plane's stubborn, hard-handling character. It is best treated as a nickname of mixed origin.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Did the I-16 fire the first air-to-air rockets?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Reportedly yes. At Khalkhin Gol in August 1939, RS-82 rocket-armed I-16s are credited with the first aircraft ever downed by air-to-air rockets, with Soviet claims ranging from around 13 to 19 Japanese aircraft.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"How many I-16s were built?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Commonly estimated at around 10,000, with counts ranging from roughly 8,600 to 10,300 depending on how two-seat trainers are tallied. Production ended in 1942 and front-line use faded through 1943.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Which countries operated the I-16?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Chiefly the Soviet Union, including its naval aviation. It also served Republican Spain, where it was locally assembled, Nationalist China, and operated from Mongolia during the 1939 Khalkhin Gol conflict.\"}}]}<\/script> <\/p>\n<header class=\"hero\">\n<div class=\"hero-media\"><img data-opt-id=2003846318  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:1536\/h:864\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/polikarpov-i-16-fighter.jpg\"  src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%201536%20864%22%20width%3D%221536%22%20height%3D%22864%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%221536%22%20height%3D%22864%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"Polikarpov I-16 Soviet monoplane fighter of the 1930s\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/\">Aircraft Museum<\/a> \u203a <span>Fighter<\/span> \u203a <span>I-16<\/span><\/div>\n<h1>Polikarpov I-16<br \/><em>\u201cIshak\u201d<\/em><\/h1>\n<p class=\"sub\">The stubby, barrel-shaped Soviet fighter that pioneered the modern monoplane \u2014 a nimble but unforgiving little machine that fought from the skies of Spain to the opening days of Operation Barbarossa.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1933<\/b><span>First flight \u00b7 test pilot Valery Chkalov<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>~490 km\/h<\/b><span>Top speed \u00b7 I-16 Type 24<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>~10,000<\/b><span>Aircraft built \u00b7 1934\u20131942<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1936\u20131945<\/b><span>Combat \u00b7 Spain to WWII<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"credit\">Photo: elchicogris \u00b7 CC BY-SA 2.0<\/div>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Role<\/b>Single-seat monoplane fighter<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Era<\/b>1930s &amp; Second World War<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Engine<\/b>1 \u00d7 Shvetsov M-63 radial<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Origin<\/b>USSR \u00b7 Polikarpov<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Status<\/b>Retired (a few replicas fly)<\/span><a class=\"chip fly\" href=\"#faq\">Want to fly a warbird yourself?<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The Story<\/div>\n<h2>The little fighter that opened the monoplane age<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<p>In the early 1930s the fighter still meant a biplane \u2014 two wings, fixed wheels, an open cockpit. Then a short, fat, barrel-shaped machine from the Soviet Union rewrote the rulebook. The <strong>Polikarpov I-16<\/strong>, designed by <strong>Nikolai Polikarpov<\/strong> and his team at the Central Design Bureau (TsKB) as the <em>TsKB-12<\/em>, is widely credited as the world\u2019s first mass-produced low-wing cantilever monoplane fighter to reach front-line service combining a retractable undercarriage and, early on, an enclosed cockpit.<\/p>\n<p>Polikarpov built it under extraordinary duress: he had been arrested and sentenced to death on trumped-up charges, the sentence commuted to work in a prison design bureau, where he produced both the I-15 biplane and this radical monoplane. The prototype first flew on <strong>30 December 1933<\/strong>, ski-equipped, in the hands of the legendary test pilot <strong>Valery Chkalov<\/strong> \u2014 who then spun it dozens of times to map its temper. The type entered squadron service around 1935.<\/p>\n<p>The I-16 was fast and agile for its day, but it was also famously <strong>tricky to fly<\/strong>. Its very short fuselage and rearward centre of gravity made it longitudinally unstable and hair-trigger in pitch; it could flick into a spin, landed fast, and offered poor forward visibility. Raising the wheels meant spinning a hand crank roughly <strong>44 turns<\/strong>. Soviet lore held that if you could master the \u201cIshak\u201d (donkey), you could fly anything.<\/p>\n<p>Its combat debut came in the <strong>Spanish Civil War<\/strong> from November 1936, where Republican pilots nicknamed it <strong>\u201cMosca\u201d<\/strong> (fly) and their Nationalist opponents called it <strong>\u201cRata\u201d<\/strong> (rat). It fought the Japanese in China and, decisively, over Mongolia at <strong>Khalkhin Gol<\/strong> in 1939, where rocket-armed I-16s scored what are reported as the first air-to-air rocket kills in history. When Germany invaded in June 1941 the I-16 was still the most numerous Soviet fighter \u2014 by then outclassed by the Messerschmitt Bf 109, yet it fought on into 1942\u201343. Around 10,000 were built.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pull\">If you could fly an I-16, you could fly anything.<cite><b>Soviet pilots\u2019 maxim<\/b> \u2014 on the twitchy \u201cIshak\u201d<\/cite><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"deepset\">\n<details class=\"deep\">\n<summary><span class=\"no\">01<\/span><span class=\"t\">The Polikarpov I-16\u2019s revolutionary design: the world\u2019s first modern monoplane fighter<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">\n<p>Where its contemporaries were fabric-and-wire biplanes, the I-16 was a low-wing cantilever monoplane with a retractable undercarriage \u2014 a combination widely credited as the first to reach front-line fighter service anywhere in the world. The stubby fuselage was a wooden monocoque skinned in birch plywood, mated to a fat air-cooled radial chosen partly for its tolerance of battle damage. Some pilots disliked the sliding canopy so much that later batches reverted to an open cockpit. Radical and cramped, it pointed straight at the fighters of the Second World War.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Design &amp; Engineering<\/div>\n<h2>What makes it special<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cards3\">\n<div class=\"ecard\">\n<div class=\"num\">01<\/div>\n<h3>A monoplane when the world flew biplanes<\/h3>\n<p>The I-16 is widely credited as the <strong>first mass-produced low-wing cantilever monoplane fighter with retractable landing gear<\/strong> to reach front-line service. Its stubby fuselage was a wooden monocoque skinned in birch plywood, built around a fat radial engine. It was a genuine leap \u2014 a glimpse of the fighter\u2019s future while most air forces still flew open-cockpit biplanes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ecard\">\n<div class=\"num\">02<\/div>\n<h3>Agile but unforgiving: the twitchy \u201cIshak\u201d<\/h3>\n<p>That short fuselage and rearward centre of gravity made the I-16 <strong>longitudinally unstable<\/strong> and extremely sensitive in pitch \u2014 quick to turn, but quick to bite. It landed fast, saw poorly forward, and its undercarriage retracted only by a <strong>hand crank of roughly 44 turns<\/strong>. It was a fighter for skilled hands, and Soviet crews respected it accordingly.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ecard\">\n<div class=\"num\">03<\/div>\n<h3>From Spain to Barbarossa: rockets and rams<\/h3>\n<p>The I-16 pioneered the <strong>RS-82 unguided rocket<\/strong> in air combat, credited with the first air-to-air rocket kills at Khalkhin Gol in 1939. Outclassed by the Bf 109 by 1941, it soldiered on regardless \u2014 its pilots sometimes resorting to the <strong>taran<\/strong>, deliberately ramming enemy aircraft when guns or options ran out.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"deepset\">\n<details class=\"deep\">\n<summary><span class=\"no\">02<\/span><span class=\"t\">The Polikarpov I-16\u2019s handling: why it took a skilled pilot<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">\n<p>The I-16\u2019s virtues and vices came from the same source: a very short fuselage. It made the fighter light on the controls and vicious in a horizontal turn, but also unstable in pitch \u2014 it \u201creacts to the slightest deviation of the controls,\u201d as one account put it, and could snap into a spin. High approach speeds and an oil-fouled windscreen made landings a handful, and the manually cranked gear (about 44 turns) often left novices porpoising as they wound the wheels up. The maxim followed naturally: master the Ishak and you could fly anything.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"deep\">\n<summary><span class=\"no\">03<\/span><span class=\"t\">The Polikarpov I-16 at Khalkhin Gol: the first air-to-air rocket kills<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">\n<p>Over the Mongolian steppe in August 1939, a flight of I-16s under Captain N. Zvonarev carried something new beneath their wings: <strong>RS-82 rockets<\/strong>. Salvoed into Japanese formations, they are credited with the first aircraft ever downed by air-to-air rockets \u2014 Soviet claims range from around 13 to 19 machines, and should be read as claims. It was a preview of a weapon that would define the jet age, fired from a propeller fighter.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Technical Data<\/div>\n<h2>Full specifications<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Airframe &amp; Performance (Type 24)<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Crew<\/dt>\n<dd>1<\/dd>\n<dt>Length<\/dt>\n<dd>6.13 m<\/dd>\n<dt>Wingspan<\/dt>\n<dd>9.00 m<\/dd>\n<dt>Height<\/dt>\n<dd>3.25 m<\/dd>\n<dt>Wing area<\/dt>\n<dd>14.5 m\u00b2<\/dd>\n<dt>Empty weight<\/dt>\n<dd>~1,490 kg<\/dd>\n<dt>Max takeoff weight<\/dt>\n<dd>~2,095 kg<\/dd>\n<dt>Max speed<\/dt>\n<dd>~462\u2013490 km\/h (some sources to ~525)<\/dd>\n<dt>Service ceiling<\/dt>\n<dd>~9,000\u20139,700 m<\/dd>\n<dt>Range<\/dt>\n<dd>~700 km<\/dd>\n<dt>Rate of climb<\/dt>\n<dd>~14.7 m\/s<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Propulsion, Armament &amp; Cost<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Engine<\/dt>\n<dd>1 \u00d7 Shvetsov M-63 radial<\/dd>\n<dt>Power<\/dt>\n<dd>~1,000\u20131,100 hp<\/dd>\n<dt>Guns<\/dt>\n<dd>2 \u00d7 20 mm ShVAK + 2 \u00d7 7.62 mm ShKAS (gun-only on many Type 24)<\/dd>\n<dt>Rockets \/ bombs<\/dt>\n<dd>up to 6 \u00d7 RS-82 rockets or ~500 kg bombs<\/dd>\n<dt>First flight<\/dt>\n<dd>30 December 1933 (TsKB-12)<\/dd>\n<dt>Introduced<\/dt>\n<dd>~1935<\/dd>\n<dt>Built<\/dt>\n<dd>~10,000 (1934\u20131942)<\/dd>\n<dt>Unit cost<\/dt>\n<dd>No reliable public figure<\/dd>\n<dt>Cost per flight hour<\/dt>\n<dd>No reliable public figure<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"deepset\">\n<details class=\"deep\">\n<summary><span class=\"no\">04<\/span><span class=\"t\">The Polikarpov I-16\u2019s cost: why no reliable price exists<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">\n<p>The I-16 was a Soviet state product of the 1930s, built by the thousand in a command economy and never sold on an open market, so no dependable flyaway unit price or cost-per-flight-hour figure survives in the public record. What is documented is scale, not money: production is commonly estimated at around 10,000 airframes (counts range roughly 8,600 to 10,300 depending on how two-seat trainers are tallied). Any precise dollar figure attached to an I-16 today is, in practice, guesswork.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>From design bureau to the Eastern Front<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1933<\/div>\n<h3>Design begins<\/h3>\n<p>Polikarpov\u2019s TsKB team starts work on the TsKB-12 \u2014 a radical stubby monoplane fighter. It is ordered into production before it has even flown.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">30 Dec 1933<\/div>\n<h3>First flight<\/h3>\n<p>Test pilot Valery Chkalov lifts the ski-equipped prototype into the winter sky, powered by an M-22 radial, and later maps its spin behaviour.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1934\u201335<\/div>\n<h3>Trials and service<\/h3>\n<p>State acceptance trials run from March 1934; the I-16 enters Soviet squadron service around 1935 as the VVS\u2019s first modern monoplane fighter.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1936<\/div>\n<h3>Spanish Civil War<\/h3>\n<p>Combat debut with Republican forces from November. Republicans call it \u201cMosca\u201d (fly); Nationalists call it \u201cRata\u201d (rat). It dominates the biplanes it meets.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1937\u201339<\/div>\n<h3>China and Mongolia<\/h3>\n<p>Fights the Japanese in China with Soviet volunteer pilots, then over Mongolia at Khalkhin Gol, where rocket-armed I-16s are credited with the first air-to-air rocket kills.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">22 Jun 1941<\/div>\n<h3>Operation Barbarossa<\/h3>\n<p>Still the most numerous Soviet fighter \u2014 over 1,600 front-line \u2014 but outclassed by the Bf 109. Losses are catastrophic in the opening months.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1942\u201343<\/div>\n<h3>Fading from the line<\/h3>\n<p>Production ends in 1942 and the I-16 is steadily replaced by newer fighters, though it fights on where nothing better is available.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1945<\/div>\n<h3>Last sorties<\/h3>\n<p>Isolated operational use is reported as late as August 1945, closing out a front-line career that spanned the biplane age to the jet threshold.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Stories &amp; Eyewitnesses<\/div>\n<h2>From the front: twelve I-16 stories<\/h2>\n<div class=\"car\"><button class=\"cbtn p\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('stcar').scrollBy({left:-712,behavior:'smooth'})\">\u2039<\/button><button class=\"cbtn n\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('stcar').scrollBy({left:712,behavior:'smooth'})\">\u203a<\/button><\/p>\n<div class=\"track\" id=\"stcar\">\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">First Flight<\/div>\n<h4>Chkalov takes the barrel aloft<\/h4>\n<p>The stubby prototype flew a month after it was ordered into mass production.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">On 30 December 1933, test pilot Valery Chkalov opened the throttle of the ski-equipped TsKB-12 and lifted Polikarpov\u2019s barrel-shaped monoplane into the winter sky. Bureaucrats had already ordered it into production a month earlier, sight unseen. Chkalov later spun it dozens of times to map its temper, giving the Soviet Union its first modern monoplane fighter.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Engineering<\/div>\n<h4>Forty-four turns to fly<\/h4>\n<p>Raising the wheels was a genuine arm workout.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">The I-16\u2019s landing gear had no hydraulics. After takeoff the pilot grabbed a hand crank and spun it roughly forty-four times to drag the wheels up into the fuselage, fighting the slipstream the whole way. Novices often let the nose wander as they cranked, leaving a tell-tale porpoising climb-out that instantly marked a rookie Ishak driver.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Spanish Civil War<\/div>\n<h4>Rata versus Mosca \u2014 same plane, two names<\/h4>\n<p>One fighter, two enemies, two very different nicknames.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">When I-16s reached Spain in November 1936, Republican pilots christened the darting little fighter \u201cMosca\u201d \u2014 the fly. Franco\u2019s Nationalists, on the receiving end, called it \u201cRata\u201d \u2014 the rat, for the way it seemed to spring from nowhere. For a season it swept the skies of biplanes, until German Bf 109s arrived to change the equation.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Khalkhin Gol<\/div>\n<h4>The first rocket kills in history<\/h4>\n<p>August 1939, over Mongolia, aviation crossed a threshold.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">Over the Mongolian steppe in August 1939, a flight of I-16s under Captain Zvonarev carried something new: RS-82 rockets slung beneath the wings. Salvoing them into Japanese formations, they are credited with the first aircraft ever downed by air-to-air rockets \u2014 reportedly more than a dozen. A weapon that would define the jet age was born on a propeller fighter.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Nickname<\/div>\n<h4>Why Soviet pilots called it \u201cdonkey\u201d<\/h4>\n<p>Ishak \u2014 little donkey \u2014 was equal parts insult and affection.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">Soviet crews nicknamed the I-16 \u201cIshak\u201d or \u201cIshachok\u201d \u2014 donkey, little donkey. Some say the Russian for \u201cI-16\u201d simply sounded like the word; others insist the name fit a stubborn, hard-handling machine that bit careless pilots. Either way it stuck: a tough, unglamorous workhorse you had to respect, because mastering it meant you could fly anything.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Taran<\/div>\n<h4>When the guns ran dry, they rammed<\/h4>\n<p>Desperation turned the little fighter into a weapon itself.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">In the chaos of 1941, Soviet pilots out of ammunition or out of options resorted to the taran \u2014 deliberately ramming enemy aircraft with wing or propeller. Nimble I-16s featured in these attacks, chopping into German bombers and sometimes surviving to land. It was doctrine born of desperation, and a grim measure of the Red Air Force\u2019s early plight.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Barbarossa<\/div>\n<h4>Everywhere, and already obsolete<\/h4>\n<p>On 22 June 1941 it was the most numerous Soviet fighter \u2014 and outclassed.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">When Germany invaded, the I-16 was still the most numerous Soviet fighter, over 1,600 lining front-line airfields. But the Bf 109 was faster, better armed and higher-climbing. Hundreds of Ishaks were destroyed in the opening days. Those that got airborne relied on their one edge \u2014 a vicious horizontal turn \u2014 to survive against a superior enemy.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Aces<\/div>\n<h4>Safonov of the Arctic<\/h4>\n<p>The Northern Fleet\u2019s greatest ace made his name on the little Polikarpov.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">Boris Safonov flew I-16s with the Northern Fleet\u2019s 72nd Regiment in 1941, guarding the Arctic convoy ports. Across many sorties he logged around a dozen kills on the type before moving to newer fighters \u2014 and became one of the Soviet Union\u2019s leading early-war aces, a leader reputedly as generous with victories as he was deadly.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Trainer<\/div>\n<h4>The two-seat Ishak<\/h4>\n<p>To tame a killer, they built a double-seat version.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">Because the single-seat I-16 was so unforgiving, Polikarpov\u2019s bureau built the UTI-4 \u2014 a two-seat trainer with a second cockpit for an instructor. Produced into the early 1940s, it let student pilots learn the fighter\u2019s twitchy manners with a mentor aboard. An unusually large number of two-seaters were built for any fighter of the era.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Rivalry<\/div>\n<h4>Ishak against Emil<\/h4>\n<p>Speed against the turn \u2014 the I-16 met its match in the Bf 109.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">Against the Messerschmitt Bf 109E, the I-16 was outgunned and outrun \u2014 the German was some tens of km\/h faster and climbed better. Yet in a tight horizontal turn the stubby Soviet fighter could still hold its own, even out-turn the Emil. Survival meant dragging the fight down and around, never letting the 109 dictate a vertical duel.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Companion<\/div>\n<h4>The monoplane and its biplane brother<\/h4>\n<p>Polikarpov fielded two fighters at once \u2014 and used them as a team.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">Alongside the I-16, Polikarpov built the I-15 and I-153 \u201cChaika\u201d biplanes, nicknamed \u201cChato\u201d in Spain. In Spanish and Chinese skies the two worked in concert: agile biplanes turning tightly at low level while faster I-16 monoplanes slashed in from above. Together they marked the Soviet transition from the biplane age to the modern fighter.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mscard\">\n<div class=\"tag\">Survivors<\/div>\n<h4>Raised from Russian lakes, flying again<\/h4>\n<p>A handful of Ishaks fly today \u2014 rebuilt from wartime wrecks.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>Read the full story<\/summary>\n<div class=\"full\">In the 1990s New Zealander Sir Tim Wallis and his Alpine Fighter Collection contracted a Novosibirsk bureau to remanufacture six I-16s from wrecks recovered around Karelia in northern Russia \u2014 some rebuilt by men who had worked the original production line. Airworthy Ishaks now grace collections from Wanaka to a Madrid-based foundation, the barrel-fuselage fighter roaring once more.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Gallery<\/div>\n<h2>The I-16 in pictures<\/h2>\n<div class=\"car\"><button class=\"cbtn p\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('gal').scrollBy({left:-660,behavior:'smooth'})\">\u2039<\/button><button class=\"cbtn n\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('gal').scrollBy({left:660,behavior:'smooth'})\">\u203a<\/button><\/p>\n<div class=\"track gal\" id=\"gal\">\n<figure data-full=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:1280\/h:960\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/polikarpov-i-16-republican-reproduction.jpg\"><img data-opt-id=204594402  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:980\/h:735\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/polikarpov-i-16-republican-reproduction.jpg\"  class=\"ph\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20980%20735%22%20width%3D%22980%22%20height%3D%22735%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22980%22%20height%3D%22735%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"A restored I-16 in Republican colours  the worlds first modern monoplane fighter.\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>A restored I-16 in Republican colours \u2014 the world\u2019s first modern monoplane fighter.<span>Photo: elchicogris \u00b7 CC BY-SA 2.0<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure data-full=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/polikarpov-i-16-mosca-in-flight.jpg\"><img data-opt-id=489801870  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/polikarpov-i-16-mosca-in-flight.jpg\"  class=\"ph\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20100%%20100%%22%20width%3D%22100%%22%20height%3D%22100%%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22100%%22%20height%3D%22100%%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"An I-16 airborne in Spanish Republican markings  the Mosca the Nationalists called Rata.\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>An I-16 airborne in Spanish Republican markings \u2014 the \u201cMosca\u201d the Nationalists called \u201cRata.\u201d<span>Photo: \u00c1lvaro from Getafe \u00b7 CC BY 2.0<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure data-full=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:1280\/h:960\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/polikarpov-i-16-mosca-spanish-markings.jpg\"><img data-opt-id=888319981  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:980\/h:735\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/polikarpov-i-16-mosca-spanish-markings.jpg\"  class=\"ph\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20980%20735%22%20width%3D%22980%22%20height%3D%22735%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22980%22%20height%3D%22735%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"A preserved I-16 in Spanish Republican Mosca colours  combat debut, 1936.\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>A preserved I-16 in Spanish Republican Mosca colours \u2014 combat debut, 1936.<span>Photo: Andrea from Turin \u00b7 CC BY 2.0<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure data-full=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/polikarpov-i-16-china-aviation-museum.jpg\"><img data-opt-id=2056671838  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:980\/h:595\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/polikarpov-i-16-china-aviation-museum.jpg\"  class=\"ph\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20980%20595%22%20width%3D%22980%22%20height%3D%22595%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22980%22%20height%3D%22595%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"An I-16 in Chinese markings  the type fought the Japanese over China from 1937.\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>An I-16 in Chinese markings \u2014 the type fought the Japanese over China from 1937.<span>Photo: Flavio Mucia \u00b7 CC BY 2.0<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure data-full=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:1280\/h:853\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/polikarpov-i-16-radial-engine-cowling.jpg\"><img data-opt-id=138511918  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:980\/h:653\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/polikarpov-i-16-radial-engine-cowling.jpg\"  class=\"ph\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20980%20653%22%20width%3D%22980%22%20height%3D%22653%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22980%22%20height%3D%22653%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"The barrel fuselage and fat radial engine that gave the Ishak its unmistakable stubby profile.\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>The barrel fuselage and fat radial engine that gave the Ishak its unmistakable stubby profile.<span>Photo: Clemens Vasters \u00b7 CC BY 2.0<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure data-full=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:1280\/h:941\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/polikarpov-i-16-monino-soviet-markings.jpg\"><img data-opt-id=108257156  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:980\/h:721\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/polikarpov-i-16-monino-soviet-markings.jpg\"  class=\"ph\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20980%20721%22%20width%3D%22980%22%20height%3D%22721%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22980%22%20height%3D%22721%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"An I-16 with Soviet red stars, preserved at Monino  the fighter of Barbarossa.\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>An I-16 with Soviet red stars, preserved at Monino \u2014 the fighter of Barbarossa.<span>Photo: Fighter Pilot \u00b7 CC BY-SA 4.0<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Watch<\/div>\n<h2>The I-16 in motion<\/h2>\n<p>A verified documentary feature for the I-16 is still being sourced \u2014 <em>video coming soon<\/em>. In the meantime, explore the photo gallery and stories above.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Operations<\/div>\n<h2>Where the I-16 flew<\/h2>\n<div id=\"sr71-map-widget\" style=\"font-family:'Gilroy semiBold','Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,Lucida,sans-serif;max-width:1080px;width:100%;\">\n<div id=\"sr71-map-container\" style=\"width:100%;position:relative\"><svg id=\"sr71-map-svg\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;display:block\"><\/svg><\/p>\n<div id=\"sr71-tooltip\" style=\"position:fixed;background:#1a1a2e;color:#fff;padding:10px 16px;border-radius:0;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:.3px;pointer-events:auto;opacity:0;transition:opacity .15s;z-index:1000;max-width:360px;line-height:1.5\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"sr71-controls\" style=\"display:flex;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;margin-top:12px;\"> <button class=\"sr71-toggle active\" data-cat=\"migflug\" data-full=\"Origin &amp; first operator\" data-short=\"Origin\" style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;padding:8px 12px;border:2px solid #5C91FF;border-radius:0;background:#fff;cursor:pointer;font-family:inherit;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;color:#1a1a2e;white-space:nowrap;transition:all .25s\"><\/p>\n<div style=\"width:14px;height:14px;border-radius:0;flex-shrink:0;background:#5C91FF\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"sr71-label\">Origin &amp; first operator<\/span><span class=\"sr71-check\" style=\"font-size:10px;opacity:1;transition:opacity .2s\">\u2713<\/span><\/button> <button class=\"sr71-toggle active\" data-cat=\"combat\" data-full=\"Combat operators\" data-short=\"Combat\" style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;padding:8px 12px;border:2px solid #6B8E23;border-radius:0;background:#fff;cursor:pointer;font-family:inherit;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;color:#1a1a2e;white-space:nowrap;transition:all .25s\"><\/p>\n<div 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style=\"font-size:10px;opacity:1;transition:opacity .2s\">\u2713<\/span><\/button> <button class=\"sr71-toggle active\" data-cat=\"former\" data-full=\"Former operators\" data-short=\"Former\" style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;padding:8px 12px;border:2px solid #bbb;border-radius:0;background:#fff;cursor:pointer;font-family:inherit;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;color:#1a1a2e;white-space:nowrap;transition:all .25s\"><\/p>\n<div style=\"width:14px;height:14px;border-radius:0;flex-shrink:0;background:#C0C0C0\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"sr71-label\">Former operators<\/span><span class=\"sr71-check\" style=\"font-size:10px;opacity:1;transition:opacity .2s\">\u2713<\/span><\/button> <\/div>\n<div id=\"sr71-count\" style=\"text-align:left;font-size:14px;color:#666;margin-top:12px;line-height:1.7;width:100%\"><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<style> #sr71-map-widget .sr71-toggle:hover{border-color:#999!important} #sr71-map-widget 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\"><\/div>\n<p><script>(function(){var el=document.getElementById(\"sr71-data\");var js=decodeURIComponent(escape(atob(el.getAttribute(\"data-js\"))));var sc=document.createElement(\"script\");sc.text=js;document.body.appendChild(sc);})();<\/script><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Combat Record<\/div>\n<h2>The score that defines it<\/h2>\n<p>The I-16 was a first-generation monoplane thrown into a decade of war \u2014 Spain, China, Mongolia and the Eastern Front. Its record is one of pioneering firsts and stubborn endurance rather than a tidy kill tally: it dominated the biplanes it first met, pioneered the air-to-air rocket, and fought on long after newer fighters had passed it by.<\/p>\n<div class=\"combat\">\n<div class=\"cstat\"><b>1936<\/b><span>Combat debut in Spain (\u201cMosca\u201d \/ \u201cRata\u201d)<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"cstat\"><b>1939<\/b><span>First reported air-to-air rocket kills, Khalkhin Gol<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"cstat\"><b>~1,600+<\/b><span>Front-line Soviet fighters on 22 June 1941<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Compare the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/fighter-jet-combat-statistics\/\">combat record of every military aircraft<\/a>. Figures are commonly cited estimates.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about the I-16<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open=\"\">\n<summary>Can I fly in an I-16?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">No \u2014 there are no public I-16 rides. A few airworthy reproductions exist (rebuilt from recovered wartime wrecks), but they are not available for passenger flights, and the I-16 was a single-seat fighter. You <b>can<\/b>, however, fly in a range of genuine ex-military jets and warbirds today \u2014 see <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/\">migflug.com\/flights-prices\/<\/a>.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Was the I-16 really the first of its kind?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">It is widely credited as the first mass-produced low-wing cantilever monoplane fighter with retractable landing gear to reach front-line service. Contemporaries like the Boeing P-26 were monoplanes but kept fixed gear; the I-16 combined the monoplane layout, an enclosed cockpit (early on) and a retractable undercarriage in one operational fighter.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why was the I-16 so hard to fly?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Its very short fuselage and rearward centre of gravity made it longitudinally unstable and extremely sensitive in pitch \u2014 it reacted to the slightest input and could snap into a spin. Add poor forward visibility, high landing speeds and a hand-cranked undercarriage, and it demanded a skilled, attentive pilot.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Where does the nickname \u201cIshak\u201d come from?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">\u201cIshak\u201d means donkey. Sources disagree: some say the Russian pronunciation of \u201cI-16\u201d simply sounded like the word; others say it reflected the plane\u2019s stubborn, hard-handling character. Both explanations circulate, so it is best treated as a nickname of mixed origin.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Did the I-16 really fire the first air-to-air rockets?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Reportedly yes. At Khalkhin Gol in August 1939, RS-82 rocket-armed I-16s under Captain Zvonarev are credited with the first aircraft ever downed by air-to-air rockets \u2014 claims range from around 13 to 19 Japanese aircraft. These are Soviet claims and are commonly hedged.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How did the I-16 compare to the Messerschmitt Bf 109?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">By 1941 it was outclassed: the Bf 109E\/F was faster, climbed better and hit harder. The I-16\u2019s one advantage was horizontal manoeuvrability \u2014 it could out-turn the 109 in the flat. Skilled pilots exploited that edge, but it could not offset the German fighter\u2019s overall superiority.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How many I-16s were built?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Commonly estimated at around 10,000 (some counts range from roughly 8,600 to 10,300, depending on how two-seat trainers are tallied). Production wound down in 1941\u201342; front-line use faded through 1943, with isolated operational sorties reported as late as 1945.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Which countries operated the I-16?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Chiefly the Soviet Union (air force and naval aviation). It also served Republican Spain (where it was locally assembled), Nationalist China, and operated from Mongolia during the 1939 Khalkhin Gol conflict. A handful of captured examples were evaluated by Finland.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<div class=\"ad\">\n<div class=\"adin\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The part of the collection you can touch<\/div>\n<h2>You can\u2019t fly the I-16.<br \/>These, you can.<\/h2>\n<p class=\"adp\">Some legends only live in museums \u2014 others are fuelled and waiting. MiGFlug has put civilians in real military jet cockpits since 2004.<\/p>\n<div class=\"car\"><button class=\"cbtn p\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('flycar').scrollBy({left:-520,behavior:'smooth'})\">\u2039<\/button><button class=\"cbtn n\" onclick=\"document.getElementById('flycar').scrollBy({left:520,behavior:'smooth'})\">\u203a<\/button><\/p>\n<div class=\"track\" id=\"flycar\"><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"Aero L-39 Albatros side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the L-39 Albatros<\/b><span>The world\u2019s most-flown jet trainer \u2014 aerobatics included<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/f104-starfighter-flight\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"Lockheed F-104 Starfighter side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the F-104 Starfighter<\/b><span>\u201cThe missile with a man in it\u201d<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/mig-21-launch\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the MiG-21<\/b><span>The Cold War\u2019s most-produced jet<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/t-33-in-canada\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"Lockheed T-33 Shooting Star side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the T-33 Shooting Star<\/b><span>America\u2019s first jet trainer<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/vampire-flight-near-london\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"de Havilland Vampire side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the DH Vampire<\/b><span>A piece of early jet history<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/s-211-jet-flight-munich\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"SIAI-Marchetti S.211 side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the S.211<\/b><span>Agile Italian jet trainer<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/l-39-mb-326-jet-provost-in-italy\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAACQCAMAAAARFs1KAAAAYFBMVEVHcExlaUNbseJssstwfl1vdUx0fFBze05ygWBzelJpttiNk2ywtaR0fE+NlWpQUDRmakRawv91eVRAQCR7gldrcEhfX0FvdkuFi2PAwKVNTDGRnHkKMn5YWTtGRiovdLqSyISMAAAADXRSTlMA1\/7sG6PR\/kB1l9L451oyxAAAC0pJREFUeNrtnQtbozoQhrcKpFhDI4bLlkX\/\/788mVwg4VawJNTnzId7Vj2rbfMyt2SS\/vmDQqFQKBQKhUKhUCgUCoVCoVAoFAqFQqFQqF+i87IiHKGwipKaLylJEUlYpZxQR8S+iEByxkEKCoRWjoZ4CKdIJCgQVrb2VdERkQRHKWQQOVWFpZLRoQiPcZgCKub26JcloWOh0woKhPSirCUTJoJOK2hUt1W0BZ0gkuI4hQsiObWMopoIIkIcnVY4JU4lUpYTFoJO6yggIohMRnV0WscFkbKYAoKZVsAg4g59yfikiSQ4qXUIEBFEGGPVGEiG5eExUb0oy7JllLgeq86yBp1WqCDiAIHycFCvEy54CKHTCqPzcAZeWEnluiupBp3WUUAqUa\/339M8BBHMfcNE9WSYVxGrXicdj6y5oNMKoni0atgHEYsHOq1jojqoq9cJzWyh0zqgVicFK5hZOSS1CwSdVqAgYpsIa0UpYiZQMlfotAKVhoM1kaqqBhmWAYLlYfha3VoTGXgsdFrHBJF+TWQMBON6kCCSOxNXrCvUJ4DgnFYI5TNrIoSPgWTotAIEEToMImQ6y0KndUhpaC2sT5kIOi3vGswvMmu2t55yWjhivqO6C8SZ7Z2K61gehq3VSWvN9lJ0Ws8QRMjU\/DuWh+GA1MSdPbGXDNFpHRLVySCIUMy0jg0ilM60+E5Wh+i0PMtdNSSspMthHcvDkEBgn0h1B0iWodPyGtXd1ji3xXeSR4PlYchKZLrvBJ1WOCWuz7IqkTkg6LQ8A5lrXpwFgk7LbxAZrYmQhflFdFreS8NBb5YVRLJ5\/XKnFTl6sifnAiHdFPx8CPml5WEUyYOO3oReQS8fHx\/yk1fxnSc6A2kYREQlQubW1X+l0zqf0zdFARAs6AXIpIcbf0qcU2jMjvUlA\/kdc1rGGD7ucBhKWMyhLy4tXbXsvoE8caYlYgKAeN1IYUTl7bDYci5YAW293VWQ+wbyfE5LcEiF4uRBEpYHezvGUsbbRFYYyPNkWiJSp7FQkuRcnpK3GxDQIUycY2iIWh8h9C6PQ51WJA0iAeUaBGyThGe+KxDhuy5voX3XYNVwrYEIpyUSxXBPNtJ5K7glqm4crkDIrFDfSQbIy\/c\/oe\/H6TRZ3QQ2k\/Few\/sRRLfEZ5dLnKY+83fwSBAcYvFIwilxw8DsHCajfZKSwcs\/rU1EvkHuTzR1XYvvBEUyFUTqbKUaQSVPEvDi+xmMCtDiV14uF\/kQIOGXlGGQqVNZeiCvMI6Gx7\/vDUF8guGr4NGoz85Bg8jwWKZsg7j2HZzmSS7dOlgN0IFpiWglAjhJOI3Ti5RGDVLY4WEIXSTRGbdtIFuA\/BtbFfDIui\/OoXzzEAjZxCOjlt\/g1PEp4N6V9RhZhzWbb4El9ObWZBqCwmA\/DF0lCCI9kPU+63sM8aVWDqvLuQIhSflPHRbITgnsRK1jdF+rHpCuFKl3A9LUmXZYXWkSIo+PE7I5w7I91p07VyWjZOkfrDHJei0QWmU2kO\/tQAzEpgsgVlDxaSQRwMgJ5484rNV37qLfrx\/mbhNpdgHyOnBYfo0E0skEPL5O4++1Nuxw5y66mR2BwBlGzBpdpQ9zrQDy3QUQYyDwC7pIEu0PQ9RW4LrJ2JeQbQFk0527ZCJ302u+\/rfVfWIAWVIz0OuEXl5fLCDSRDKbB\/zPb62d3dZZzvpwTqbd+laH9aDH6mb966GGgT8vFsUYM39YkYtfmHeq5FdWCiGhcV5zeJjavgHNg8u6x3ZYFiywn\/Nu5ZYMGZy6NKxZrO5IpkHOOfZU+uLVYFhsle71pGq7z1ih5r2LKgdYWW9cdc41XvH3Hrv2VchQEaMvsKwMVYcTbt+a4lP9LOTNB8+2fxWdFl6qS4ONr15FPtBGC+lMLa\/gprdtLZuyOMuAxreTfH2loMLrOT00XwQhQ9joxNSPwCC8hnouZqSvt+vtdvu6Xa3h7sdNP\/XCMoyqv9x3wHDnkIl8NPei\/eeyDnQ\/nGt98lDbRWVf6euaU136I+u+rycFauO6xA3AgAq8c0Sr3kGitP8wdoJyN\/oBDB0yctdLVQBB3+hXqZvW1ajialJEBn6eU3HBV8oJc863h+6R+krybuxanTxsLKPmkgiFRbzk7jL\/UX\/DWNTVKYk3mUpkMls1HrBkLjF0g24DGOhW8NkhtZ0ddVdSfOVZNdlkITupsaxNmZn1LbBayI5okq7tWElr4EEqZQ8tuKO1ul0rSvZIaXcaxxkL4ebA550tZO0sHjy0nMAjyZp1iJhIDi2YwhdYw221pt4uwacW28DAQmRcYnZKJ8KUOr2I00OA1N1pb+AdIAlKRFyJlifWKzsD2SQaWhMDCcmRoNCq0Nq2Ayu2Uj2Rb1TaaQYDMnAgCgpNlsLKOeFPM94rTURHU8hy2qudblwnwl1n9IYQlBI0u1dE7aMJJ6oXlinN59zXOZbpXDO+OHk6JHJmTNQFrB3kexsEP1YWOe9XVbw5rJkFGmWn4o6Kpxulzm9\/J1U\/mY0IDqJUbH9MYgiFVXVwAxn6r2QaSfT2\/pRATJsIAZtol3PwH0AREaZu\/Ef0pdc3\/\/ac6fuTAVHOlkI6rlBcPeiz+evPca1ZUYbJiRki52ezEAEDMnJPKJS+mr\/v781RBmKQzBB5fw4g+mVUqkr1CMMA+fvuyUBWv+D8\/KxAdJNqVZTt1TuMzkL8mMj6qc65N0w9HIiMGQWDkBGAhW8gGxaUZ940agSEB7eQoiyDGIYL5G9zXATRUznnZ7QQ3wE8rIVsqqr5MwIpgtMwQb05NILI1s3oCYGU1wMEQJrsYI9F1wb1sDGE3Q4B4qkK2eCxZguRgy2EsNKsewXTrfRWpW+Zw57Zi9mI8PYOdVIHJPhsL8xZmdUy3xEF2jQ+r76mF1dW6VJzh1RedEOF6q8QcHj14Cr4I9O6pSrU\/XCRMKS4H49V3wMh9\/vDqnnBZvcq92vzsBpS13XVd\/V0XTvB5rG4NBe332IfGF9Cn0ZFQCAdBqtbsDjNN9RdGrttommyYZeh7MOErr2ejy9AZgkH+i\/Yl9RtZxRKLPMLhFjGMDGap6X1ddirB03ItaaS5ey+nKbAHXp9Bq4LJrXsMVRo1q8W6n86BuEXSF1rUygWhq4SOBb7T0xrnqQCv7ZgP9Cgb\/MBPux6+1ySgvM12xTzNY9hbyCmMbVrQa3uDlN1itP77aSXvmNSRJGc7aNRd+0qMyJFef30Lvaj4bfHX4Q73QFs9x3fGRAWr2sxlacfXMxO45wVBfMmHY6cHiT3tAhYoWq\/jgbi7n6AWyWfADDUAgt2ire3YZ9TwSU+nU7C1VWFTy5LFiVhiXrxyx+VQrqbzOqGN73v0KpsNcAvj\/9IkzFcpI2nOI0e3KIAe5IFmGKYsAUEJHPfmw8qXwXVN3ulBn3bsK8HIm4tgLHXxip5hAigATLzu2+8QtElyb5cSpr7UeXaO4NDLPwdsqPZnNjJ9jGsCIJFbZGATuTH0ZR57hGIumNPpzTYATwajnJqJxlxmCyDQnm3Uk18XU2Wq3TPTelC89YW3njkXHioE\/ioA0\/N1H5NA5KIWNXvo2J+TMikamajmbuZbqDSLmZzP+5KZgRJnB55gmk0Yz5Rd2BJnMbagobZlH144C4+rWCsmLtyO23dl4L+tUkShz0j7HEnB5QiY0jG150GuGY3Nj+myoM1cMUB9n38IhArQP2J7BOAYqWTuobErCNrzbUKXLUTA8Uh0YeApef\/3VsK6QO\/R8c2gStM1Uds6eTIMjf+gGBXa6IsAc6Q+lWO6aBA1l0DWQdwRfoj3aDu557yGHgUCoVCoVAoFAqFQqFQKBQKhUKhUCgUCoVC+dB\/CKPAjcVDJ\/8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=\" alt=\"Aermacchi MB-326 side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the MB-326<\/b><span>The classic Aermacchi jet<\/span><\/a><a class=\"flycard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/mig-15-fagot-czech-republic\/\"><span class=\"fico\"><img data-opt-id=791639987  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\" alt=\"Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 side profile\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><b>Fly the MiG-15<\/b><span>The Soviet legend of the Korean War<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><a class=\"btn\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/flights-prices\/\">See all flights &amp; prices<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-top:44px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Related Aircraft<\/div>\n<h2>Continue the tour<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/il-2-sturmovik\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Red Air Force<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Ilyushin Il-2 Sturmovik<\/span><span class=\"rp\">The armoured \u201cflying tank\u201d that carried the Soviet air war on its back as the I-16 faded from the line.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Il-2 story<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/yak-3\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The Answer<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Yakovlev Yak-3<\/span><span class=\"rp\">The nimble late-war Soviet fighter that finally gave Red Air Force pilots an edge over the Luftwaffe.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Yak-3 story<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/messerschmitt-bf-109\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The Rival<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Messerschmitt Bf 109<\/span><span class=\"rp\">The German fighter that outclassed the I-16 over the Eastern Front and defined the air war in the West.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Bf 109 story<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyofwar.org\/articles\/weapons_polikarpov_I-16.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">History of War \u2014 Polikarpov I-16<\/a><span>Development, variant table, and combat numbers for Spain, China, Khalkhin Gol and Barbarossa.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/naval-encyclopedia.com\/naval-aviation\/ww2\/ussr\/polikarpov-i16.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Naval Encyclopedia \u2014 Polikarpov I-16<\/a><span>Design significance, handling and the \u201cIshak\u201d nickname, plus naval-aviation service and operators.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.militaryaviationmuseum.org\/aircraft\/polikarpov-i-16\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Military Aviation Museum<\/a><span>Polikarpov\u2019s imprisonment, the \u201cfirst monoplane with retractable gear\u201d claim, and restoration history.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/warbirdsresourcegroup.org\/AARG\/poli16.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Warbirds Resource Group<\/a><span>First-flight chronology, Chkalov\u2019s spin testing, and Spain and China delivery figures.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.liquisearch.com\/polikarpov_i-16\/specifications_i-16_type_24\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Liquisearch \u2014 I-16 Type 24 specifications<\/a><span>Dimensions, weights, M-63 power, speed, ceiling, range and armament data.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/vintageaviationnews.com\/warbird-articles\/randys-warbird-profiles-polikarpov-i-16-type-24-s-n-2421014.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vintage Aviation News<\/a><span>The Alpine Fighter Collection remanufacture of I-16s from Karelian wrecks and today\u2019s flying examples.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/irondice.org\/2024\/08\/05\/little-ishak-that-could\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Iron Dice \u2014 The Little Ishak That Could<\/a><span>Nickname origins, 1941 front-line strength, and turn-fighting tactics against the Bf 109.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gw2ru.com\/history\/1900-which-soviet-airplane-was-called-donkey\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gw2ru \u2014 Donkey, Rat and Fly<\/a><span>The nicknames and the aircraft\u2019s twitchy handling character.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div id=\"galfix71\" data-js=\"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\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n<p><script>(function(){var el=document.getElementById(\"galfix71\");var js=decodeURIComponent(escape(atob(el.getAttribute(\"data-js\"))));var sc=document.createElement(\"script\");sc.text=js;document.body.appendChild(sc);})();<\/script><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aircraft Museum \u203a Fighter \u203a I-16 Polikarpov I-16\u201cIshak\u201d The stubby, barrel-shaped Soviet fighter that pioneered the modern monoplane \u2014 a nimble but unforgiving little machine that fought from the skies of Spain to the opening days of Operation Barbarossa. 1933First flight \u00b7 test pilot Valery Chkalov ~490 km\/hTop speed \u00b7 I-16 Type 24 ~10,000Aircraft built [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19902,"parent":15960,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-17740","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - 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