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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero photo\">\n<div class=\"heroimg ph1\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/russian-aerospace-forces\/\">Russian Aerospace Forces<\/a> &middot; Air base<\/div>\n<h1>Lipetsk Air Base<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">&#1040;&#1101;&#1088;&#1086;&#1076;&#1088;&#1086;&#1084; &#1051;&#1080;&#1087;&#1077;&#1094;&#1082;-2<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">Active (the Aerospace Forces&rsquo; chief combat training and conversion centre; site of the secret German flying school of 1925&ndash;1933)<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1925<\/b><span>Opened<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>Active<\/b><span>Status<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"photocred\">Photo: Vitaly V. Kuzmin \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Operator<\/b>Russian Aerospace Forces<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Region<\/b>Lipetsk Oblast<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Coordinates<\/b>52.6350 N, 39.4450 E<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>Lipetsk Air Base: what it was built for and what flies there now<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<p>Lipetsk, about 12 km north-west of the city of the same name is where the Russian air force learns how to fight with its new aircraft. The base, made up of two medium-sized airfields joined together, houses the 4th Centre for Combat Employment and Retraining of Personnel named after Valery Chkalov, which English Wikipedia calls the chief combat training centre of the Aerospace Forces: types that have passed their state trials at Akhtubinsk come here so that instructor-pilots can write the tactics and train the first front-line crews.<\/p>\n<p>Its history begins with a secret. From 1925 to 1933 the Weimar Republic&rsquo;s Reichswehr, forbidden an air force by the Treaty of Versailles, ran a clandestine fighter school and test station here under Soviet protection, training about 120 fighter pilots on Dutch-built Fokker D.XIIIs. After the Soviet period, in which the Lipetsk centre worked up MiG-29s, Su-24s, Su-25s and Su-27s, the post-Soviet base received the regiment withdrawn from Falkenberg in East Germany and, in the 2010s and 2020s, early Yak-130s, Su-34s, Su-35Ss and Su-57s.<\/p>\n<p>Since 2024 the base has been a repeated target of Ukrainian long-range drones; the attacks and their claimed results are attributed below. Operational security: no current squadron dispositions or aircraft counts are given; strike reports are attributed to their sources. Coordinates, elevation and runway data are not given: Lipetsk-2 is a military aerodrome not in the civil AIP of Russia, and no official figures were found.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"sat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Satellite<\/div>\n<h2>Lipetsk from above<\/h2>\n<div class=\"satfig\" id=\"satfig\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Enlarge the satellite view\">\n<div class=\"satimg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Lipetsk Air Base seen from above\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"satzoom\">Click to enlarge<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"satcap\"><b>No runway dimensions are recorded for this airfield.<\/b><span>Imagery: Esri, Maxar, Earthstar Geographics and the GIS user community<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"satlb\" id=\"satlb\"><span class=\"satlbx\">Close<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"satbig\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Lipetsk Air Base seen from above, enlarged\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<style>#mfam .satimg{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=39.39000,52.61950,39.50000,52.65050\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=1600,743\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}#mfam .satbig{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=39.39330,52.61408,39.49670,52.65592\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=2048,1365\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}@media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=39.41947,52.61950,39.47053,52.65050\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=760,760\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}}<\/style>\n<div id=\"sat-data\" data-js=\"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\"><\/div>\n<p><script>(function(){var el=document.getElementById(\"sat-data\");var js=decodeURIComponent(escape(atob(el.getAttribute(\"data-js\"))));var sc=document.createElement(\"script\");sc.text=js;document.body.appendChild(sc);})();<\/script><hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>Lipetsk Air Base in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Location &amp; codes<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Country<\/dt>\n<dd>Russia<\/dd>\n<dt>Region<\/dt>\n<dd>Lipetsk Oblast<\/dd>\n<dt>Coordinates<\/dt>\n<dd>52.6350 N, 39.4450 E<\/dd>\n<dt>Usage<\/dt>\n<dd>Military<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Runways &amp; facilities<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Quick Reaction Alert<\/dt>\n<dd>None<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Command &amp; status<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Status<\/dt>\n<dd>Active<span class=\"gnote\">the Aerospace Forces&rsquo; chief combat training and conversion centre; site of the secret German flying school of 1925&ndash;1933<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Operator<\/dt>\n<dd>Russian Aerospace Forces<\/dd>\n<dt>Opened<\/dt>\n<dd>1925<\/dd>\n<dt>Command<\/dt>\n<dd>4th Centre for Combat Employment and Retraining of Personnel named after V. P. Chkalov, Russian Aerospace Forces<\/dd>\n<dt>Resident units<\/dt>\n<dd>2 current, 2 former<\/dd>\n<dt>Based types<\/dt>\n<dd>6<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"units\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Resident units<\/div>\n<h2>Who flies from Lipetsk Air Base<\/h2>\n<div class=\"oob\">\n<div><span>Current<\/span><em>2 units<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>4th Centre for Combat Employment and Retraining of Personnel<small>Combat training, tactics development and conversion centre &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-34-fullback\/\">Su-34<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-35-flanker-e\/\">Su-35S<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-30-flanker\/\">Su-30SM<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-29-fulcrum\/\">MiG-29<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-24-fencer\/\">Su-24M<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/yak-130\/\">Yak-130<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>968th Fighter (earlier Mixed) Aviation Regiment<small>Instructor-research regiment &middot; active &middot; from 1992<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-29-fulcrum\/\">MiG-29<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-24-fencer\/\">Su-24M<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-34-fullback\/\">Su-34<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<div><span>Former<\/span><em>2 units<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt class=\"was\">760th and 91st regiments (Soviet and early Russian period)<small>&mdash; &middot; English Wikipedia lists the 760th regiment in the early 1990s with 14 MiG-29s, 13 Su-17s, 16 Su-25s and Su-24s, Su-27s and Mi-8s, and the 91st with MiG-23s, 23 MiG-29s and 15 Su-27s. Historical figures, drawn from secondary sources.<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-29-fulcrum\/\" class=\"was\">MiG-29<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-27-flanker\/\" class=\"was\">Su-27<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-25-frogfoot\/\" class=\"was\">Su-25<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-24-fencer\/\" class=\"was\">Su-24<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-23-flogger\/\" class=\"was\">MiG-23<\/a>, Su-17<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">Reichswehr flying school and test station (WIWUPAL)<small>1926&ndash;1933 &middot; German, not Soviet. Contract signed 15 April 1925; training from spring 1926; closed 15 September 1933. About 120 fighter pilots and more than 300 ground staff trained, per English Wikipedia.<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Fokker D.XIII<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Aircraft types based here<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-34-fullback\/\">Su-34<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-35-flanker-e\/\">Su-35S<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-30-flanker\/\">Su-30SM<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-29-fulcrum\/\">MiG-29<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-24-fencer\/\">Su-24M<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/yak-130\/\">Yak-130<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-27-flanker\/\" class=\"was\">Su-27<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-25-frogfoot\/\" class=\"was\">Su-25<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-24-fencer\/\" class=\"was\">Su-24<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-23-flogger\/\" class=\"was\">MiG-23<\/a>, Su-17, Fokker D.XIII<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"teams\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Display teams<\/div>\n<h2>The display team based at Lipetsk<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/display-teams\/russian-falcons\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Formation aerobatic team<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Russian Falcons<\/span><span class=\"rp\">The Lipetsk combat training centre&rsquo;s display group, which flies front-line Flankers and shows close air combat manoeuvres at low level rather than pure formation&hellip;<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Russian Falcons page<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"knownfor\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Claim to fame<\/div>\n<h2>What Lipetsk is known for<\/h2>\n<div class=\"kfgrid\">\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">01<\/div>\n<h3>Russia&rsquo;s Nellis<\/h3>\n<p>The 4th Centre develops tactics for new types and converts instructors and front-line crews to them.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">The Aerospace Forces&rsquo; chief combat training centre, named after Valery Chkalov; the first serial Yak-130 was handed to it in February 2010.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">02<\/div>\n<h3>A secret German school<\/h3>\n<p>The Weimar Reichswehr secretly trained fighter pilots at Lipetsk in breach of the Treaty of Versailles.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">About 120 fighter pilots trained, 1926&ndash;1933; school closed on 15 September 1933.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">03<\/div>\n<h3>A school bought in Holland<\/h3>\n<p>The German school flew Fokker D.XIII fighters ordered from the Netherlands.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">50 D.XIIIs among 100 aircraft ordered from Fokker in 1923.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">04<\/div>\n<h3>Home of the returning regiments<\/h3>\n<p>When Soviet forces left Germany, a regiment from Falkenberg moved to Lipetsk.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">The 968th regiment; by 2004 it flew only MiG-29s, later adding the Su-24M and the Su-34.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">05<\/div>\n<h3>A drone target<\/h3>\n<p>Ukraine has claimed repeated drone strikes on the base since 2024.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">8 August 2024: a warehouse of guided bombs reported hit and six people injured, according to reporting cited by Wikipedia.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"deep\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Go deeper<\/div>\n<h2>The long version<\/h2>\n<div class=\"deep\">\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">01<\/span><span>WIWUPAL: the Reichswehr&rsquo;s secret school, 1925&ndash;1933<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>The Treaty of Versailles, signed on 28 June 1919, forbade Germany a military air force. The Treaty of Rapallo of 1922 normalised German relations with Soviet Russia, and both sides saw an opportunity: Germany could train and test in secret, and the Soviet Union would gain access to German technology. On 15 April 1925 Colonel Hermann von der Lieth-Thomsen, the Reichswehr&rsquo;s permanent representative in Moscow, signed the contract for a flying school at Lipetsk.<\/p>\n<p>It was run under cover names, among them the Wissenschaftliche Versuchs- und Personalausbildungsstation (scientific experimental and personnel training station), shortened to WIWUPAL. Training began in the spring of 1926. The aircraft came from the Netherlands: in 1923 the German army had ordered 100 new aircraft from Fokker, 50 of them the newly developed D.XIII fighter, and they formed the school&rsquo;s fleet.<\/p>\n<p>English Wikipedia puts the numbers at about 120 fighter pilots and more than 300 ground personnel trained, with an administrative and training staff of 450; some 140 Germans were at Lipetsk in summer and 40 in winter, alongside 340 Soviet employees. At its peak the school cost 4 million Reichsmarks a year. It closed by mutual agreement on 15 September 1933, and the site became the Soviet air base.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">02<\/span><span>The Chkalov centre: where tactics are written<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>Lipetsk is home to the 4th Centre for Combat Employment and Retraining of Personnel, named after the test pilot Valery Chkalov. English Wikipedia dates it to the 1960s and describes it as the chief combat training centre of the Aerospace Forces. The distinction from Akhtubinsk, the flight test centre on the Volga, is important: Akhtubinsk proves that an aircraft and its weapons work; Lipetsk works out how squadrons should fight with them and trains the instructors who will teach everybody else.<\/p>\n<p>The centre has always been a mixed bag of types. For the early 1990s English Wikipedia lists the 760th regiment with 14 MiG-29s, 13 Su-17s and 16 Su-25s as well as Su-24s, Su-27s and Mi-8 helicopters, and the 91st with MiG-23s, 23 MiG-29s and 15 Su-27s. The collapse of the Soviet Union brought another resident: the 968th regiment, withdrawn from Falkenberg in East Germany, which became a mixed aviation regiment in 1992&ndash;1993, flew only MiG-29s by 2004 and later took the Su-24M.<\/p>\n<p>The city itself advertises the connection; its English Wikipedia article calls Lipetsk the home of the main training base of the Russian aerospace forces.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">03<\/span><span>First in line for new aircraft<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>Almost every new Russian combat type of the past two decades has passed through Lipetsk. The first serial Yak-130 advanced trainer was handed to the training centre there in February 2010; a pre-series Yak-130 crashed at the base during testing on 29 May 2010. After the Su-35S completed its state tests, which began at Akhtubinsk in May 2011, several were transferred to Lipetsk to develop combat tactics and train personnel.<\/p>\n<p>The Su-34 strike aircraft followed the same route, and the base&rsquo;s 968th regiment received the last two aircraft of the 2012 production contract in December 2020. On 25 December 2020 the Russian Ministry of Defence announced that the first production Su-57 had entered service; English Wikipedia says some Su-57s are based at Lipetsk and Akhtubinsk for development and trials.<\/p>\n<p>The work carries risk. On 6 September 2019 two Su-34s collided in the air near Lipetsk; according to a Russian source cited by English Wikipedia the collision was due to pilot error, and both aircraft landed. Earlier, Aviation Week had reported that air force pilots described weapons trials of the Su-27M at Akhtubinsk and Lipetsk in the 1990s as a &ldquo;negative experience&rdquo;, largely because of the single pilot&rsquo;s workload.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">04<\/span><span>Under drone attack, 2024&ndash;2025<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>Lipetsk lies within range of Ukrainian long-range drones, and since the summer of 2024 it has been one of the Russian air bases most often named in Ukrainian strike claims. English Wikipedia, citing DW, CNBC, the New York Times and Ukrainska Pravda, reports a drone attack on 8 August 2024 that caused numerous explosions and fires at a warehouse of guided aerial bombs, with six people reported injured; NASA&rsquo;s FIRMS satellite fire data showed a fire on the base.<\/p>\n<p>On 20 October 2024 Ukraine reported another drone attack aimed, in its words, at fuel, equipment and ammunition (RBC-Ukraine, as cited by Wikipedia). On 21 December 2025 Ukrainian sources claimed that long-range drones had destroyed a Su-30 and a Su-27 at the base (Ukrinform, as cited by Wikipedia). These are claims by one side; Russia does not publish losses, and none of the claimed aircraft losses at Lipetsk has been independently confirmed in the sources read for this dataset.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>Lipetsk, year by year<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1919<\/div>\n<p>28 June: the Treaty of Versailles forbids Germany a military air force.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1923<\/div>\n<p>The German army orders 100 aircraft from Fokker, 50 of them D.XIII fighters, later used at Lipetsk.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1925<\/div>\n<p>15 April: the contract for a German flying school at Lipetsk is signed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1926<\/div>\n<p>Spring: flying training begins at the secret school, WIWUPAL.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1933<\/div>\n<p>15 September: the German school closes by mutual agreement.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1992<\/div>\n<p>The 968th regiment arrives from Falkenberg in East Germany and becomes a mixed aviation regiment in 1992&ndash;1993.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2010<\/div>\n<p>February: the first serial Yak-130 is handed to the Lipetsk training centre. 29 May: a pre-series Yak-130 crashes at the base.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2019<\/div>\n<p>6 September: two Su-34s collide in the air near Lipetsk; both land.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2020<\/div>\n<p>December: the last two Su-34s of the 2012 contract are delivered to the 968th regiment.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2024<\/div>\n<p>8 August: a drone attack sets a guided-bomb warehouse on fire; six injured, per reporting cited by Wikipedia. 20 October: another attack reported by Ukraine.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2025<\/div>\n<p>21 December: Ukrainian sources claim a Su-30 and a Su-27 destroyed at the base.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"incidents\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Incidents &amp; stories<\/div>\n<h2>What happened here<\/h2>\n<div class=\"inc\">\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">29 May 2010<\/div>\n<h3>A trainer lost in testing<\/h3>\n<p>A pre-series Yak-130, the advanced trainer that was about to replace the L-39 in Russian service, crashed at Lipetsk during testing, according to English Wikipedia. It came only three months after the first serial Yak-130 had been handed to the Lipetsk training centre in February 2010. The source does not report casualties, and none are given here.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yakovlev_Yak-130\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">6 September 2019<\/div>\n<h3>Two Su-34s touch<\/h3>\n<p>Two Su-34 strike aircraft collided in the air near Lipetsk. English Wikipedia, citing a Russian source, says the cause was pilot error and that both aircraft managed to land. It was not the first mid-air collision of the type: Wikipedia records an earlier one, which is why it says the aircraft &ldquo;again&rdquo; collided. No injuries are reported in the source.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sukhoi_Su-34\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">8 August 2024<\/div>\n<h3>The bomb store<\/h3>\n<p>A Ukrainian drone attack on the base caused numerous explosions and fires at a warehouse holding guided aerial bombs, according to English Wikipedia, which cites DW, CNBC, the New York Times and Ukrainska Pravda; six injuries were reported and NASA FIRMS satellite data confirmed a fire. The Russian Ministry of Defence did not confirm damage in the sources read.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lipetsk_Air_Base\">Wikipedia, citing DW, CNBC and the New York Times<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">21 December 2025<\/div>\n<h3>Claimed Flanker losses<\/h3>\n<p>Ukrainian sources claimed that long-range drones had destroyed a Su-30 and a Su-27 at Lipetsk, according to Ukrinform as cited by English Wikipedia. This is a Ukrainian claim; it has not been confirmed by the Russian Ministry of Defence or, in the sources read for this dataset, by independent visual evidence.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lipetsk_Air_Base\">Wikipedia, citing Ukrinform<\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"map\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Location<\/div>\n<h2>Lipetsk Air Base and its neighbours<\/h2>\n<div class=\"mapframe\">\n<div id=\"oobmap\" class=\"oobmap\" style=\"height:440px\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"legend\"><span><i class=\"dot\"><\/i> Active air base<\/span><span><i class=\"dot was\"><\/i> Closed or reserve<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"nearbytbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Nearby base<\/th>\n<th>ICAO<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Based types<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr data-base=\"kubinka\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/kubinka\/\">Kubinka Air Base<\/a><\/td>\n<td>UUMB<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Su-27 (1991&ndash;2016), Su-30SM (from October 2016), Su-35S (from 2019 or 2020), MiG-29 and MiG-29UB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"morozovsk\">\n<td>Morozovsk Air Base<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Su-34, Su-24M (earlier)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"millerovo\">\n<td>Millerovo Air Base<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about Lipetsk Air Base<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>What is Lipetsk Air Base known for?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">It houses the 4th Centre for Combat Employment and Retraining of Personnel, the Russian Aerospace Forces&rsquo; chief combat training centre, where tactics for new aircraft are developed and instructors trained. Between 1926 and 1933 it was also the site of a secret German fighter-pilot school.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Did Germany really train pilots in the Soviet Union?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. Forbidden an air force by the Treaty of Versailles, the Weimar Reichswehr ran a clandestine school at Lipetsk from 1926, under a contract signed on 15 April 1925, until 15 September 1933. English Wikipedia puts the output at about 120 fighter pilots and more than 300 ground personnel, trained on Fokker D.XIII fighters bought from the Netherlands.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is the difference between Lipetsk and Akhtubinsk?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Akhtubinsk is the state flight test centre, where new aircraft and weapons are proven. Lipetsk takes them afterwards to develop combat tactics and train the first instructors and crews; the Su-35S, for example, began state tests at Akhtubinsk in 2011 and was later transferred to Lipetsk.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Which aircraft are at Lipetsk?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Open sources have placed the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-34-fullback\/\">Su-34<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-35-flanker-e\/\">Su-35S<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-29-fulcrum\/\">MiG-29<\/a>, Su-24M and <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/yak-130\/\">Yak-130<\/a> at Lipetsk over the years, and some Su-57s for development and trials. Current numbers are not published here.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Has Lipetsk been attacked by Ukraine?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes, according to Ukrainian claims and media reports. A drone attack on 8 August 2024 set a guided-bomb warehouse on fire, with six people reported injured; Ukraine reported another attack on 20 October 2024 and claimed a Su-30 and a Su-27 destroyed on 21 December 2025. The aircraft claims have not been independently confirmed.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Where is Lipetsk Air Base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">About 12 km north-west of the city of Lipetsk in central European Russia, several hundred kilometres south of Moscow. It is separate from Lipetsk&rsquo;s civil airport and consists of two medium-sized airfields joined together.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is Lipetsk Air Base still an active military air base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. Active (the Aerospace Forces&rsquo; chief combat training and conversion centre; site of the secret German flying school of 1925&ndash;1933). The Russian Aerospace Forces operates it as 4th Centre for Combat Employment and Retraining of Personnel named after V. P. Chkalov, Russian Aerospace Forces.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Where is Lipetsk Air Base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Lipetsk Air Base is in Lipetsk Oblast, at 52.6350 N, 39.4450 E.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Which squadrons are based at Lipetsk Air Base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Lipetsk Air Base currently hosts 4th Centre for Combat Employment and Retraining of Personnel flying the Su-34, Su-35S, Su-30SM, MiG-29, Su-24M, Yak-130; 968th Fighter (earlier Mixed) Aviation Regiment flying the MiG-29, Su-24M, Su-34.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Which aircraft used to fly from Lipetsk Air Base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Over its history Lipetsk Air Base has hosted 760th and 91st regiments (Soviet and early Russian period) (&mdash;) with the MiG-29, Su-27, Su-25, Su-24, MiG-23, Su-17; Reichswehr flying school and test station (WIWUPAL) (1926&ndash;1933) with the Fokker D.XIII.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is Lipetsk Air Base known for?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"It houses the 4th Centre for Combat Employment and Retraining of Personnel, the Russian Aerospace Forces\\u2019 chief combat training centre, where tactics for new aircraft are developed and instructors trained. Between 1926 and 1933 it was also the site of a secret German fighter-pilot school.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Did Germany really train pilots in the Soviet Union?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. Forbidden an air force by the Treaty of Versailles, the Weimar Reichswehr ran a clandestine school at Lipetsk from 1926, under a contract signed on 15 April 1925, until 15 September 1933. English Wikipedia puts the output at about 120 fighter pilots and more than 300 ground personnel, trained on Fokker D.XIII fighters bought from the Netherlands.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the difference between Lipetsk and Akhtubinsk?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Akhtubinsk is the state flight test centre, where new aircraft and weapons are proven. Lipetsk takes them afterwards to develop combat tactics and train the first instructors and crews; the Su-35S, for example, began state tests at Akhtubinsk in 2011 and was later transferred to Lipetsk.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Which aircraft are at Lipetsk?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Open sources have placed the Su-34, Su-35S, MiG-29, Su-24M and Yak-130 at Lipetsk over the years, and some Su-57s for development and trials. Current numbers are not published here.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Has Lipetsk been attacked by Ukraine?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes, according to Ukrainian claims and media reports. A drone attack on 8 August 2024 set a guided-bomb warehouse on fire, with six people reported injured; Ukraine reported another attack on 20 October 2024 and claimed a Su-30 and a Su-27 destroyed on 21 December 2025. The aircraft claims have not been independently confirmed.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Where is Lipetsk Air Base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"About 12 km north-west of the city of Lipetsk in central European Russia, several hundred kilometres south of Moscow. It is separate from Lipetsk\\u2019s civil airport and consists of two medium-sized airfields joined together.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is Lipetsk Air Base still an active military air base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. Active (the Aerospace Forces\\u2019 chief combat training and conversion centre; site of the secret German flying school of 1925\\u20131933). The Russian Aerospace Forces operates it as 4th Centre for Combat Employment and Retraining of Personnel named after V. P. Chkalov, Russian Aerospace Forces.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Where is Lipetsk Air Base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Lipetsk Air Base is in Lipetsk Oblast, at 52.6350 N, 39.4450 E.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Which squadrons are based at Lipetsk Air Base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Lipetsk Air Base currently hosts 4th Centre for Combat Employment and Retraining of Personnel flying the Su-34, Su-35S, Su-30SM, MiG-29, Su-24M, Yak-130; 968th Fighter (earlier Mixed) Aviation Regiment flying the MiG-29, Su-24M, Su-34.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Which aircraft used to fly from Lipetsk Air Base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Over its history Lipetsk Air Base has hosted 760th and 91st regiments (Soviet and early Russian period) (\\u2014) with the MiG-29, Su-27, Su-25, Su-24, MiG-23, Su-17; Reichswehr flying school and test station (WIWUPAL) (1926\\u20131933) with the Fokker D.XIII.\"}}]}<\/script><hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Around Lipetsk Air Base<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/russian-aerospace-forces\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The operator<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Russian Aerospace Forces<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Fleet, bases and order of battle of the service that flies from here.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Russian Aerospace Forces page<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-34-fullback\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Based here<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Su-34<\/span><span class=\"rp\">History, specifications and stories in the Book of Beasts.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Su-34 story<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-35-flanker-e\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Based here<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Su-35S<\/span><span class=\"rp\">History, specifications and stories in the Book of Beasts.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Su-35S story<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ourairports.com\/data\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">OurAirports airport database (public domain)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Verified 2026-09-30.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .ph1{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/w8-hero-lipetsk.jpg)!important}<\/style>\n<style>#mfam .cflag{background-image:url(https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/swiss-canton-flags-sprite-v2.png)!important}#mfam 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Kuzmin \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) OperatorRussian Aerospace ForcesRegionLipetsk OblastCoordinates52.6350 N, 39.4450 E Share The [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":22998,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-26569","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Lipetsk Air Base | MiGFlug<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/pt\/bases-aereas\/lipetsk\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lipetsk Air Base | MiGFlug\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Order of Battle &middot; Russian Aerospace Forces &middot; Air base Lipetsk Air Base &#1040;&#1101;&#1088;&#1086;&#1076;&#1088;&#1086;&#1084; &#1051;&#1080;&#1087;&#1077;&#1094;&#1082;-2 Active (the Aerospace Forces&rsquo; chief combat training and conversion centre; site of the secret German flying school of 1925&ndash;1933) 1925Opened ActiveStatus Photo: Vitaly V. 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