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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero\">\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/mexican-air-force\/\">Mexican Air Force<\/a><\/div>\n<h1>Every war the Mexican Air Force has fought<\/h1>\n<p class=\"sub\">Most of the Mexican Air Force&rsquo;s wars have been fought at home, against rebels and, since 2006, in support of the army against drug-trafficking organisations. Escuadr&#243;n 201&rsquo;s record is given as the sources give it: 59 or 96 missions, and five pilots killed whose causes are contested. The use of armed PC-7s against the Zapatistas in Chiapas in 1994 rests on Wikipedia&rsquo;s account, which says the Swiss government regarded it as a breach of the training-only terms of sale; no official Mexican or EZLN account of the air operations was found. Eradication and interception figures in the cartel war are the government&rsquo;s own claims, and the 2015 loss of an EC725 is given with six or nine killed, as reports differ. Where a consolidated sortie or loss figure exists in the official record it is given here; where accounts disagree, the range is shown and the disagreement named. Blank cells are blank because no figure could be verified, not because the fighting was small.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"combat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">From the revolution of 1913 to the war against the cartels.<\/p>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"warfind\" data-filter=\"#combattbl\" data-item=\"tbody tr.crow\" data-noun=\"conflicts\" placeholder=\"Search conflicts, countries, aircraft, years\" aria-label=\"Search conflicts, countries, aircraft, years\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"warfind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"warfind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt cbt\" id=\"combattbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Conflict<\/th>\n<th>Years<\/th>\n<th>Against<\/th>\n<th>Main aircraft<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Sorties<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Aircraft lost<\/th>\n<th><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd0\" data-x=\"Sonora, Sinaloa and central Mexico Auxiliary Aerial Militia Squadron (federal) and Constitutionalist aviation, then the Arma de Aviaci&#243;n Militar No allied air arm Martin pusher &quot;Sonora&quot; Early TNCA and imported types\">\n<td>The Mexican Revolution<span class=\"cwho\">the first air war in the Americas<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Auxiliary Aerial Militia Squadron (federal) and Constitutionalist aviation, then the Arma de Aviaci&#243;n Militar<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1913&ndash;1920<\/td>\n<td>Federal army of Victoriano Huerta and later rival revolutionary factions<\/td>\n<td>Martin pusher &quot;Sonora&quot;, Early TNCA and imported types<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd0\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd0\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Reconnaissance, leaflet-dropping and improvised bombing, on both sides of the civil war.<\/p>\n<p>Both sides of Mexico&rsquo;s civil war tried aircraft within months of each other. The Huerta government created an Auxiliary Aerial Militia Squadron in April 1913. In Sonora the Constitutionalists hired the French-born Didier Masson, who flew a Martin pusher called the Sonora; on 10 May 1913 he and Joaqu&#237;n Bauche Alcalde dropped improvised bombs with about 15 kg of explosive on federal gunboats at Guaymas. They missed, but the gunboats left the harbour. Masson quit in August 1913, unpaid and unwilling to bomb cities. On 9 April 1914 Gustavo Salinas attacked a ship at sea, an action Wikipedia credits as the first of its kind; Wikipedia also notes that Masson was preceded in attacking ships from the air by the Greek aviator Aristeidis Moraitinis.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> The Constitutionalists won; Carranza turned their aviation into the Arma de Aviaci&#243;n Militar on 5 February 1915.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Accounts of who flew first and what was hit differ between sources; the 1914 attack is described here only as Wikipedia describes it.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Auxiliary Aerial Militia Squadron (federal) and Constitutionalist aviation, then the Arma de Aviaci&#243;n Militar<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Sonora, Sinaloa and central Mexico<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Federal army of Victoriano Huerta and later rival revolutionary factions<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Martin pusher &quot;Sonora&quot;, Early TNCA and imported types<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">No consolidated figure exists.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\"><\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mexican_Air_Force\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Didier_Masson\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gustavo_Salinas_Cami%C3%B1a\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd1\" data-x=\"Veracruz, Jalisco and southern Mexico Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana (Arma de Aviaci&#243;n Militar) Alongside United States (aircraft supply) DH-4B\">\n<td>The de la Huerta rebellion<span class=\"cwho\">the delahuertista rising<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana (Arma de Aviaci&#243;n Militar)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1923&ndash;1924<\/td>\n<td>Rebel forces of Adolfo de la Huerta<\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/airco-dh-4\/\">DH-4B<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd1\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd1\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Reconnaissance and bombing for the Obreg&#243;n government.<\/p>\n<p>When a large part of the army followed Adolfo de la Huerta into rebellion on 7 December 1923, the United States agreed to sell the government new DH-4B aircraft with Liberty engines, armed with Lewis and Vickers machine guns and able to carry bombs. Wikipedia credits the air arm with a share in suppressing the revolt by February 1924. It was the first time the young service had been decisive, and it set the pattern for the next fifteen years: an air force used against Mexicans, with aircraft bought in a hurry from the United States.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> The rebellion, launched on 7 December 1923, was suppressed by February 1924, partly through government air superiority according to Wikipedia.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana (Arma de Aviaci&#243;n Militar)<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Veracruz, Jalisco and southern Mexico<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>United States (aircraft supply)<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Rebel forces of Adolfo de la Huerta<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/airco-dh-4\/\">DH-4B<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\"><\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mexican_Air_Force\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd2\" data-x=\"Sonora Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana No allied air arm Not confirmed\">\n<td>The Yaqui campaign<span class=\"cwho\">Sonora 1926&ndash;27<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1926&ndash;1927<\/td>\n<td>Yaqui insurgents<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd2\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd2\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd2\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Air support for the army against the Yaqui people, who demanded by force that earlier land treaties be honoured.<\/p>\n<p>Wikipedia lists the Yaqui war of 1926&ndash;27 among the internal campaigns in which the air force took part, describing it as a territorial conflict in which the Yaqui of Sonora demanded by force that previous treaties be implemented. Details of air operations, aircraft and casualties could not be confirmed and are not given here.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> The conflict ended in 1927.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Thinly sourced: only the dates and the air force&rsquo;s participation are confirmed.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Sonora<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Yaqui insurgents<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\"><\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mexican_Air_Force\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd3\" data-x=\"Jalisco, Michoac&#225;n, Guanajuato and central-western Mexico Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana No allied air arm Not confirmed\">\n<td>The Cristero War<span class=\"cwho\">the Cristiada<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1926&ndash;1929<\/td>\n<td>Cristero rebels<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd3\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd3\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd3\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Reconnaissance and air support for the federal army against Catholic rebels.<\/p>\n<p>The Cristero War was fought between the federal government and Catholic rebels who rose against the anti-clerical laws of President Plutarco El&#237;as Calles. The air force flew for the government throughout; Wikipedia&rsquo;s article on the war also records that in at least one battle American pilots provided air support for the federal army. The war is remembered in Mexico for its civilian toll, and the air force&rsquo;s part in it, like much of the war, remains poorly documented in the sources available.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> The war ended with the 1929 settlement between the government and the Church.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">The air force&rsquo;s aircraft and operations in this war could not be confirmed in detail.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Jalisco, Michoac&#225;n, Guanajuato and central-western Mexico<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Cristero rebels<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">Wikipedia counts some 90,000 dead in the whole war: 56,882 federals, about 30,000 Cristeros (30,000&ndash;50,000 in its infobox) and numerous civilians. Air force losses were not confirmed.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mexican_Air_Force\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cristero_War\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd4\" data-x=\"Northern Mexico (Sonora, Chihuahua, Coahuila) Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana Alongside United States (aircraft supply) O2U-2M Corsair Douglas O-2M Stearman C3B Waco Taper Wing\">\n<td>The Escobar rebellion<span class=\"cwho\">the Plan de Hermosillo rising<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1929<\/td>\n<td>Rebel forces of General Jos&#233; Gonzalo Escobar<\/td>\n<td>O2U-2M Corsair, Douglas O-2M, Stearman C3B<span class=\"cwho\">and 1 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd4\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd4\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd4\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Bombing and reconnaissance for the government against rebel army units.<\/p>\n<p>On 3 March 1929 General Jos&#233; Gonzalo Escobar led a serious military revolt in the north. The government bought from the United States twelve new O2U-2M Corsairs with 400 hp Wasp engines, nine Douglas O-2Ms, four Stearman C3Bs and six Waco Taper Wings, and the decisive battle was fought at Jim&#233;nez, Chihuahua, in late March. The Corsairs were the start of a long relationship: Mexico licence-built 31 more as the Corsario Azc&#225;rate.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Escobar was defeated at Jim&#233;nez, Chihuahua, in late March 1929; about 6,000 prisoners were taken according to Wikipedia.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Rebel use of aircraft and the air force&rsquo;s losses were not confirmed.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Northern Mexico (Sonora, Chihuahua, Coahuila)<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>United States (aircraft supply)<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Rebel forces of General Jos&#233; Gonzalo Escobar<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>O2U-2M Corsair, Douglas O-2M, Stearman C3B, Waco Taper Wing<\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\"><\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mexican_Air_Force\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vought_O2U_Corsair\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd5\" data-x=\"San Luis Potos&#237; Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana No allied air arm V-99M Corsair mixed types\">\n<td>The Cedillo rebellion<span class=\"cwho\">San Luis Potos&#237;, 1938<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1938<\/td>\n<td>Forces of General Saturnino Cedillo<\/td>\n<td>V-99M Corsair, mixed types<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd5\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd5\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd5\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Air support against the revolt of Governor Saturnino Cedillo.<\/p>\n<p>In May 1938 the governor of San Luis Potos&#237;, General Saturnino Cedillo, declared himself in rebellion against President L&#225;zaro C&#225;rdenas. Wikipedia records that the air force deployed a mixed fleet of 17 aircraft, including some new V-99M Corsairs, against him.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> The revolt was put down; it was the last armed rebellion of the post-revolutionary era.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>San Luis Potos&#237;<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Forces of General Saturnino Cedillo<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>V-99M Corsair, mixed types<\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\"><\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mexican_Air_Force\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vought_O2U_Corsair\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd6\" data-x=\"Luzon (Philippines) and Formosa (Taiwan) Mexican Expeditionary Air Force (Fuerza A&#233;rea Expedicionaria Mexicana), Escuadr&#243;n 201 Alongside United States P-47D Thunderbolt\">\n<td>The Second World War: Escuadr&#243;n 201 in the Philippines<span class=\"cwho\">the Aztec Eagles<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Mexican Expeditionary Air Force (Fuerza A&#233;rea Expedicionaria Mexicana), Escuadr&#243;n 201<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1942&ndash;1945<\/td>\n<td>Japan<\/td>\n<td>P-47D Thunderbolt<\/td>\n<td>791<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd6\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd6\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd6\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Fighter-bomber close support and sweeps with the 58th Fighter Group, US Fifth Air Force.<\/p>\n<p>U-boats sank the Mexican tankers Potrero del Llano on 13 May 1942 and Faja de Oro on 20 May, and on 22 May President Manuel &#193;vila Camacho asked Congress for a state of war. In July 1944 a group of about 300 airmen was formed and trained in the United States, finishing at Majors Field, Greenville, Texas; the Senate authorised its deployment on 29 December 1944. Under Colonel Antonio C&#225;rdenas Rodr&#237;guez, with Captain Radam&#233;s Gaxiola Andrade leading Escuadr&#243;n 201, the unit sailed from San Francisco on the Fairisle on 27 March 1945 and reached Manila on 30 April. Flying 25 P-47Ds from Porac, near Clark Field, it began combat flying in early June 1945 &mdash; on 1 or 4 June depending on the source &mdash; supporting American and Filipino troops on Luzon, sweeping Formosa in July and bombing Karenko on 8 August. Its pilots wore the name &quot;Aztec Eagles&quot;, which the air force&rsquo;s display team now carries.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> The squadron returned to a victory parade in Mexico City on 18 November 1945. It remains the only Mexican unit ever to fight overseas; the Philippines awarded it the Legion of Honour in 2004.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Mission counts (59 or 96) and the circumstances of the five pilot deaths differ between sources; both are given. No Mexican Gulf of Mexico anti-submarine claims are included because none could be confirmed.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Mexican Expeditionary Air Force (Fuerza A&#233;rea Expedicionaria Mexicana), Escuadr&#243;n 201<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Luzon (Philippines) and Formosa (Taiwan)<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>United States<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Japan<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>P-47D Thunderbolt<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd>791<span class=\"cwho\">Wikipedia&rsquo;s P-47 article gives 791 sorties. Mission counts differ: 59 (English Wikipedia, Mexican Expeditionary Air Force; 50 judged successful) or 96 (Spanish Wikipedia and the Mexican Air Force article, including 53 ground-support missions, four sweeps over Formosa, a dive-bombing raid on Karenko and training missions). Spanish Wikipedia gives more than 1,900 flying hours.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>5 killed<span class=\"cwho\">Spanish Wikipedia and the Mexico in World War II article count five pilots killed on operations and three more in training accidents; the P-47 article says the squadron lost no pilots or aircraft to enemy action. The causes of the five deaths are therefore contested.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mexican_Expeditionary_Air_Force\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Escuadr%C3%B3n_201\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia (es)<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republic_P-47_Thunderbolt\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mexico_in_World_War_II\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mexican_Air_Force\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd7\" data-x=\"Chiapas Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana No allied air arm Bell 212 MD 530F\/MG UH-60L PC-7\">\n<td>The Zapatista rising in Chiapas<span class=\"cwho\">Operation Arco Iris<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1994&ndash;1998<\/td>\n<td>Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN)<\/td>\n<td>Bell 212, MD 530F\/MG, UH-60L<span class=\"cwho\">and 1 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd7\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd7\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd7\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Troop lift, reconnaissance and armed support for the army against the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN).<\/p>\n<p>The EZLN seized towns in Chiapas on 1 January 1994, the day NAFTA came into force. The air force sent almost every available helicopter &mdash; up to 40 at first, from the 214th and 215th Special Operations Squadrons with Bell 212s and MD 530Fs. By December 1994 it had bought twelve armed MD 530MG Defenders and four UH-60L Black Hawks for a new 216th Special Operations Squadron, used in Operation Arco Iris to retake towns held by the rebels. Wikipedia&rsquo;s PC-7 article states that armed PC-7s attacked Zapatista units, which the Swiss government regarded as illegal because the aircraft had been sold for training, and that Switzerland then stopped sales to Mexico. The Mexican government&rsquo;s own account of the air strikes was not found in the sources checked.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> A ceasefire was declared on 12 January 1994; the air force kept a helicopter force in Chiapas for years afterwards.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Claims about air attacks rest on Wikipedia&rsquo;s secondary accounts; no official Mexican or EZLN figures for air operations were found.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Chiapas<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN)<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Bell 212, MD 530F\/MG, UH-60L, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/pc-7-turbo-trainer\/\">PC-7<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">Wikipedia gives 153 deaths for the fighting of 1&ndash;12 January 1994, without a breakdown. Air force losses were not confirmed.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mexican_Air_Force\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pilatus_PC-7\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zapatista_uprising\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd8\" data-x=\"Nationwide, especially Sinaloa, Jalisco, Michoac&#225;n, Guerrero and Durango Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana No allied air arm Bell 407GX Bell 206 UH-60M H225M Mi-17 Cessna 182\/206 T-6C F-5E\">\n<td>Counter-narcotics operations and the war against the cartels<span class=\"cwho\">the Mexican drug war<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2006&ndash;present<\/td>\n<td>Drug-trafficking organisations, including the Cartel Jalisco Nueva Generaci&#243;n<\/td>\n<td>Bell 407GX, Bell 206, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-60-black-hawk\/\">UH-60M<\/a><span class=\"cwho\">and 5 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td>3,166<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd8\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd8\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd8\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Drug-crop eradication, troop transport, reconnaissance, airspace interception and support to army operations.<\/p>\n<p>Mexico&rsquo;s armed forces have been deployed against the cartels since December 2006, and the air force&rsquo;s part has been the unglamorous one: spraying poppy and marijuana fields from Bell 407GXs escorted by Bell 206s, flying troops and police into the mountains, and tracking drug flights from the south. Its most serious loss came on 1 May 2015, at the start of Operation Jalisco against the Cartel Jalisco Nueva Generaci&#243;n, when an EC725 Cougar was hit in the tail rotor by a rocket-propelled grenade near Villa Purificaci&#243;n and forced down. On 22 February 2026 the cartel&rsquo;s leader, Nemesio Oseguera Cervantes, was mortally wounded in a military operation at Tapalpa, Jalisco, with US intelligence support according to Wikipedia; the air force&rsquo;s role in that operation was not published. Cenavi, which coordinates with 12 countries, says the interceptor force &mdash; F-5s, King Airs, EMB 145s, T-6Cs and helicopters &mdash; deterred 86 per cent of illicit flights between 2018 and 2024.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Ongoing. Cenavi reports an 86 per cent fall in illicit flights between 2018 and 2024.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Casualty figures for 2015 differ (six or nine killed). Government statistics on eradication and interceptions are official claims; no independent figure was found.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Nationwide, especially Sinaloa, Jalisco, Michoac&#225;n, Guerrero and Durango<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Drug-trafficking organisations, including the Cartel Jalisco Nueva Generaci&#243;n<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Bell 407GX, Bell 206, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-60-black-hawk\/\">UH-60M<\/a>, H225M, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\">Mi-17<\/a>, Cessna 182\/206, T-6C, F-5E<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd>3,166<span class=\"cwho\">3,166 herbicide-spraying operations (4,257 flying hours) between 1 September 2023 and 31 July 2024, according to defence ministry data reported by Infodefensa; 1,173 eradication operations and 1,842 reconnaissance flights in 2024, according to the air force commander.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">An EC725 was brought down by a rocket-propelled grenade in Jalisco on 1 May 2015: six soldiers killed and 12 wounded according to the EC725 article; nine killed according to the article on Nemesio Oseguera Cervantes. No consolidated air force loss figure has been published.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/5140944\/fuerza-aerea-realizo-3166-operaciones-erradicacion-apoyo-mandos-territoriales-ejercito-mexicano\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/5176306\/inaugura-base-aerea-militar-numero-20-durante-dia-fuerza-aerea-mexicana\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/5165626\/blindaje-espacio-aereo-redujo-86-vuelos-ilicitos-defensa\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eurocopter_EC725\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nemesio_Oseguera_Cervantes\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jalisco_New_Generation_Cartel\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"warfind\">Nothing matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every figure, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/5176306\/inaugura-base-aerea-militar-numero-20-durante-dia-fuerza-aerea-mexicana\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa: M&#233;xico inaugura la Base A&#233;rea Militar N.&#186; 20 (11 February 2025)<\/a><span>BAM 20 Tulum opened 10 February 2025; personnel 10,538; 209 aircraft, 117 helicopters, 7 drones; 2024 operations; &#193;guilas Aztecas.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/5140944\/fuerza-aerea-realizo-3166-operaciones-erradicacion-apoyo-mandos-territoriales-ejercito-mexicano\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa: La Fuerza A&#233;rea Mexicana realiza 3.166 operaciones de aspersi&#243;n (19 January 2025)<\/a><span>3,166 spraying operations, September 2023 to July 2024; aircraft used.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/5165626\/blindaje-espacio-aereo-redujo-86-vuelos-ilicitos-defensa\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa: Blindaje del espacio a&#233;reo mexicano redujo 86% los vuelos il&#237;citos (2025)<\/a><span>Cenavi: 106 personnel; aircraft used; 86 per cent fall 2018&ndash;2024.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Figures verified 2026-10-01. <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/mexican-air-force\/\">Back to the Mexican Air Force<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .nflag{background-image:url(https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/aircraft-manufacturer-country-flags-v4.png)!important}#mfam .nf0{background-position:-2px -2px}#mfam .nf1{background-position:-24px -2px}#mfam .nf2{background-position:-46px -2px}#mfam .nf3{background-position:-68px -2px}#mfam .nf4{background-position:-90px -2px}#mfam .nf5{background-position:-112px -2px}#mfam .nf6{background-position:-134px -2px}#mfam .nf7{background-position:-156px -2px}#mfam .nf8{background-position:-178px -2px}#mfam .nf9{background-position:-200px -2px}#mfam .nf10{background-position:-222px -2px}<\/style>\n<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com\/ajax\/libs\/maplibre-gl\/4.7.1\/maplibre-gl.css\"><script src=\"https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com\/ajax\/libs\/maplibre-gl\/4.7.1\/maplibre-gl.js\"><\/script><div id=\"cmb-data\" 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Escuadr&#243;n 201&rsquo;s record is given as the sources give it: 59 or 96 missions, and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":29443,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-29445","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mexican Air Force combat record | MiGFlug<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/pt\/forcas-aereas\/forca-aerea-mexicana\/historico-de-combate\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mexican Air Force combat record | MiGFlug\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Order of Battle &middot; Mexican Air Force Every war the Mexican Air Force has fought Most of the Mexican Air Force&rsquo;s wars have been fought at home, against rebels and, since 2006, in support of the army against drug-trafficking organisations. 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