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.hero.photo{padding:0;background:#0b0f16} #mfam .heroimg{position:absolute;inset:0;background-size:cover;background-position:center 45%;z-index:0} #mfam .hero.photo::before{z-index:1;background:linear-gradient(180deg,rgba(8,11,17,.80) 0%,rgba(8,11,17,.42) 40%,rgba(8,11,17,.90) 100%),linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(8,11,17,.72),rgba(8,11,17,.06) 62%)} #mfam .hero.photo .hero-in{padding-top:92px;padding-bottom:56px;z-index:2} #mfam .hero .accent{position:absolute;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;height:4px;z-index:4;background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--red) 0 22%,var(--blue) 22% 100%)} #mfam .photocred{position:absolute;right:16px;bottom:14px;z-index:3;font-size:10.5px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.48);letter-spacing:.3px;max-width:52ch;text-align:right;line-height:1.4} #mfam .marks{display:flex;gap:30px;align-items:center;margin-top:32px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mark{display:flex;gap:13px;align-items:center} #mfam .rondel,#mfam .finflash{display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .rondel{width:58px;height:58px} #mfam .finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero photo\">\n<div class=\"heroimg ph1\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; Eritrea<\/div>\n<h1>Eritrean Air Force<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">Eritrean Air Force<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">The Eritrean Air Force, formed in 1994 from aircraft the Ethiopian army left behind, fought Ethiopia&rsquo;s air force with MB-339s and MiG-29s in the 1998&ndash;2000 border war, then spent nine years under a UN arms embargo that cut off its maintenance; by 2025 FlightGlobal counted just two Su-27s, six Mi-24s, six Mi-17s and a handful of transports.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>0<\/b><span>Combat aircraft<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>4<\/b><span>Active air bases<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1994<\/b><span>Founded<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>2<\/b><span>Types retired<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"photocred\">Photo: U.S. Air Force photo\/Kristen Kincade \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain)<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Country<\/b>Eritrea<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Founded<\/b>1994<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Status<\/b>Active<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Headquarters<\/b>Asmara<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Commander<\/b>Teklai Habteselassie<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>The Eritrean Air Force story: aircraft the Derg left behind, MiG-29s against Su-27s and a UN arms embargo<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1994: an air force from what the Derg left behind<\/h3>\n<p>Eritrea won its independence war without an air force. The Eritrean People&rsquo;s Liberation Front fought on the ground against an Ethiopian air force that bombed it for three decades, and when it won, Ethiopian aircraft were left behind at Asmara. Wikipedia dates the Eritrean Air Force to 1994 and says it began with abandoned Ethiopian aircraft, including MiG-21s; no second source we could reach confirms that those jets flew in Eritrean colours, so they are not in the fleet list below. The founder was Habtezion Hadgu, a former Ethiopian Air Force pilot who, according to Wikipedia, had defected to the EPLF in the late 1980s and recruited other ex-Ethiopian officers. Asmara airport, opened by the Italians in 1922 as the military field of Gura, became the air force&rsquo;s home and still is. Eritrea has no official language; Tigrinya, Arabic and English are its working languages, and government English uses the name Eritrean Air Force.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1996&ndash;1998: trainers, MiGs and the first raids<\/h3>\n<p>The first real combat equipment was Italian. Eritrea ordered six Aermacchi MB-339CE jet trainers in 1996, a version of the MB-339C built for it with the Viper 680-43 engine, and Wikipedia&rsquo;s MB-339 article dates the first combat unit to 1997. When the border dispute over Badme turned into war in May 1998 the air force was tiny. Its first missions came on 5 June 1998, the day Ethiopian jets bombed Asmara airport with bombs and napalm. One Ethiopian aircraft was shot down over Asmara and its pilot, Bezabeh Petros, captured; Wikipedia notes he had already been a prisoner of the EPLF once before. In the same year Eritrea bought eight MiG-29s, in what Wikipedia calls a sort of arms race with Ethiopia&rsquo;s purchase of Su-27s. On 26 June 1998 the UN Security Council noted both governments&rsquo; pledges to stop air strikes.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Mekele, 5 June 1998: what the Claims Commission found<\/h3>\n<p>The Eritrean raid of 5 June 1998 on Mekele is the best-documented air action of the war, because an international tribunal examined it. The Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission found that four MB-339 sorties attacked Mekele that afternoon: the first strafed, the second dropped cluster bombs on the airport runway, and the third and fourth, at about five and six o&rsquo;clock, dropped cluster bombs on the Ayder School neighbourhood some seven kilometres away. It found that 53 civilians were killed, including 12 schoolchildren, and 185 wounded. Eritrea argued that the bombing was an accident incidental to legitimate military operations. The Commission, noting the long odds against two consecutive sorties making the same error and drawing adverse inferences from Eritrea&rsquo;s refusal to provide pilot testimony, held in April 2004 that Eritrea was liable for the deaths and damage caused by the third and fourth sorties. In a separate award in 2005 it held Ethiopia liable for bombing the Harsile water reservoir that supplied Assab.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1999&ndash;2000: MiG-29 against Su-27, claim against claim<\/h3>\n<p>The air war of 1999 and 2000 is told almost entirely through Ethiopian claims. Wikipedia records Ethiopian Su-27s damaging an Eritrean MiG-29 on 21 February 1999 and shooting down MiG-29s on 25 and 26 February 1999. Ethiopia claimed seven MiG-29s in all; Wikipedia says only two to four can be confirmed, and Eritrea disputes the claims of May 2000. Claims run the other way too: Wikipedia&rsquo;s Su-25 article says an Eritrean MiG-29 shot down an Ethiopian Su-25 on 15 May 2000, killing its pilot, and its MiG-23 article credits Eritrean MiG-29s with three Ethiopian MiG-23BNs. Wikipedia&rsquo;s war article lists Eritrean losses as four MiG-29As and one MB-339CE. Eritrea has published no figures of its own. The Algiers Agreement ended the war on 12 December 2000; total deaths are estimated at between 70,000 and 300,000.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">2003&ndash;2018: the Flankers arrive, the embargo bites<\/h3>\n<p>After the war the air force bought Flankers of its own. Milavia records the first Su-27s arriving in summer 2003, with at least one single-seater and one Su-27UB two-seater; Wikipedia&rsquo;s Su-27 article says two came from Ukraine in 2002&ndash;2003. Habtezion Hadgu, suspended after the war according to Wikipedia, left command in January 2003; Major General Teklai Habteselassie has led the service since. Then the money and the spare parts ran out. On 23 December 2009 the Security Council imposed an arms embargo on Eritrea over alleged support for al-Shabaab and the border dispute with Djibouti, and Wikipedia says the Russian maintenance contract ended because it breached the ban, leaving the fighters rarely flown. In 2012, Wikipedia records, two officers flew a government jet to Saudi Arabia and sought asylum. From September 2015 the UAE turned Assab airport into a base for its war in Yemen, which UN monitors said in 2016 could itself breach the embargo.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">2018&ndash;2026: a small fleet, a training role and a tense border<\/h3>\n<p>The embargo was lifted by resolution 2444 in 2018, the year Eritrea and Ethiopia made peace, but there is no published sign of a re-equipment programme. FlightGlobal&rsquo;s 2025 directory counts one Su-27 fighter and one Su-27 trainer, six Mi-24s, six Mi-17\/171s, one Bell 412, four Harbin Y-12s and a King Air 200, and no MiG-29s; Wikipedia&rsquo;s MiG-29 list says none were operational by 2026, against seven counted in 2023. What the government publishes instead is training: 250 cadets graduated in Asmara in May 2019, the College of Aviation held its first commencement in 2022, and from 2022 Somali soldiers trained at the air force headquarters. In the Tigray war of 2020&ndash;2022 Eritrean ground forces fought on Ethiopia&rsquo;s side; what the air force did is largely unreported. Since 2024 Ethiopia&rsquo;s talk of access to the sea has brought the two countries back to the edge of conflict.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"pull\">The first real combat equipment was Italian. Eritrea ordered six Aermacchi MB-339CE jet trainers in 1996, a version of the MB-339C built for it with the Viper 680-43 engine, and Wikipedia&rsquo;s MB-339 article dates the first combat unit to 1997.<cite>Eritrean Air Force &middot; verified 2026-10-01<\/cite><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>The Eritrean Air Force in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Service<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Native name<\/dt>\n<dd>Eritrean Air Force<span class=\"gnote\">Eritrea has no official language; Tigrinya, Arabic and English are the working languages. The Ministry of Information uses Eritrean Air Force in English. We could not reach a government page giving the Tigrinya or Arabic form, so none is published here<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Founded<\/dt>\n<dd>1994<span class=\"gnote\">Formed after independence, according to Wikipedia; no official founding date has been published<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Part of<\/dt>\n<dd>Eritrean Defence Forces<span class=\"gnote\">One of three branches with the army and navy; President Isaias Afwerki is commander-in-chief<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Headquarters<\/dt>\n<dd>Asmara<span class=\"gnote\">Asmara International Airport is a joint civil and military airfield; Somalia&rsquo;s state news agency calls the site the Eritrean Air Force headquarters<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Commander<\/dt>\n<dd>Maj. Gen. Teklai Habteselassie<span class=\"gnote\">Named as commander by the Ministry of Information in 2019 and in August 2026; in post since about 2003 according to Wikipedia<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>UN arms embargo<\/dt>\n<dd>2009&ndash;2018<span class=\"gnote\">Imposed by resolution 1907 on 23 December 2009 over alleged support for al-Shabaab and the Djibouti border dispute; the Eritrea regime was terminated by resolution 2444 in 2018<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Chief of Staff, Defence Forces<\/dt>\n<dd>Gen. Filipos Woldeyohannes<span class=\"gnote\">As listed by Wikipedia; Eritrea publishes little on its command structure<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Strength<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Personnel<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"gnote\">Neither the government nor the sources we reached give a figure<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Combat aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Su-27SK and Su-27UB &mdash; 2 (FlightGlobal); 2&ndash;8 delivered by other accounts<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">FlightGlobal lists one Su-27 as a combat aircraft and one as a trainer. The MiG-29s no longer appear<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Helicopters<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Mi-24\/35 &mdash; 6<\/li>\n<li>Mi-17\/171 &mdash; 6<\/li>\n<li>Bell 412 &mdash; 1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">FlightGlobal groups all three under combat helicopters<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Transport<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Harbin Y-12 &mdash; 4<\/li>\n<li>Beechcraft King Air 200 &mdash; 1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">FlightGlobal 2025<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Total aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>20<span class=\"gnote\">Sum of the FlightGlobal 2025 entries; how many are airworthy is not published. Wikipedia says the Russian-built fighters are rarely flown for lack of maintenance<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>On order<\/dt>\n<dd>Nothing published<span class=\"gnote\">FlightGlobal lists no orders<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Infrastructure<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Air bases<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Asmara International Airport &mdash; headquarters<\/li>\n<li>Assab International Airport &mdash; joint civil and military<\/li>\n<li>Massawa &mdash; Fenkil Air Force Camp<\/li>\n<li>Sawa &mdash; airstrip at the national training centre<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Wikipedia lists Asmara, Assab, Sawa and Massawa; the Ministry of Information names the Fenkil Air Force Camp at Massawa<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Training<\/dt>\n<dd>College of Aviation of Eritrea<span class=\"gnote\">First commencement in 2022; a three-year pilot course. 250 cadets graduated in May 2019 in technical, air defence and pilot courses<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Air defence<\/dt>\n<dd>Part of the air force<span class=\"gnote\">Graduates in 2019 were trained on air defence missile and radar systems; the UN monitors reported Ukrainian air traffic control and radar technicians in Asmara from July 2016<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Foreign presence<\/dt>\n<dd>UAE at Assab, 2015&ndash;2021<span class=\"gnote\">The UAE upgraded Assab airport from September 2015 for its Yemen intervention and began a partial withdrawal in 2021<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"structure\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Structure<\/div>\n<h2>How the Eritrean Air Force is organised<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">One of the three branches of the Eritrean Defence Forces, beside the army and navy, with its headquarters and main base at Asmara International Airport. <span class=\"imp\">FlightGlobal&rsquo;s 2025 directory counts 20 aircraft: two Su-27s, one of them a trainer, six Mi-24s, six Mi-17\/171s, a Bell 412, four Y-12s and a King Air 200, and no MiG-29s.<\/span> The air force includes the air defence and trains its pilots at the College of Aviation of Eritrea; the government publishes no units or base dispositions.<\/p>\n<div class=\"org\">\n<div class=\"cmdcard\"><span class=\"cface mono\">TH<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"cmdtx\"><span class=\"crank\">Major General<\/span><b>Teklai Habteselassie<\/b><span class=\"cmeta\">Commander of the Eritrean Air Force &middot; in office since 2003<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"cmdorg\"><span>Eritrean Air Force<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgrow\">\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Headquarters<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Eritrean Air Force<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Asmara<\/div>\n<p>One of the three branches of the Eritrean Defence Forces, with the army and navy, headquartered at Asmara International Airport. The Ministry of Information named Maj. Gen. Teklai Habteselassie as commander in 2019 and again in August 2026; Wikipedia dates his appointment to about 2003, after the founder, Brig. Gen. Habtezion Hadgu, left in January 2003. President Isaias Afwerki is commander-in-chief.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Front line<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Su-27 fighters<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<p>FlightGlobal&rsquo;s 2025 directory lists two Su-27s, one as a combat aircraft and one as a trainer; Milavia dates the first delivery to summer 2003, and delivered figures range from two to about eight. Wikipedia says Russian maintenance ended under the 2009 UN arms embargo and that the fighters are rarely flown. The MiG-29s bought in 1998 no longer appear, and the unit that flies the Su-27s is not published.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Helicopters<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Helicopter fleet<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<p>FlightGlobal lists six Mi-24\/35 attack helicopters, six Mi-17\/171 transports and a Bell 412. In 2016 the UN Monitoring Group reported an air force delegation in Italy, allegedly seeking helicopter spare parts; two of its helicopter pilots did not return. Units and bases are not published.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Transport<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Transport fleet<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<p>Four Harbin Y-12 light transports and a King Air 200, according to FlightGlobal 2025, which lists nothing on order. Delivery dates and the units that fly them are not published.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Training<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>College of Aviation of Eritrea<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Asmara (2019 graduation)<\/div>\n<p>Held its first commencement in 2022, with a three-year pilot course. On 31 May 2019, 250 cadets graduated at the air force base in Asmara in aircraft technology, air defence missile and radar, aviation theory and fighter pilot courses, and in July 2024 Somali troops were training at the air force headquarters. Wikipedia says the air force commander also commands the Sawa training camp.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Air defence<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Air defence<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<p>Part of the air force: the 2019 graduates included air defence missile and radar courses, and UN monitors reported 16 Ukrainian air traffic control and radar technicians arriving in Asmara on 18 July 2016 on a two-year contract, while the UN embargo was in force. Systems and units are not published.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"fleet\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">In service<\/div>\n<h2>What the Eritrean Air Force flies today<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every type on charge, linked to its Book of Beasts page where one exists. <span class=\"imp\">Counts are aircraft on the books, not aircraft available on a given day.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-role\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-yr\">\n<col class=\"c-units\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">In service<\/th>\n<th>Since<\/th>\n<th>Units<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-27-flanker\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-27-flanker\/\">Sukhoi Su-27SK and Su-27UB<\/a><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fighter and two-seat trainer<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>2003<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>FlightGlobal 2025 lists one in the combat list and one in the trainer list. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>Milavia counts about eight Su-27SK\/UB delivered but confirms only one single-seater and one two-seater; Wikipedia&rsquo;s Su-27 article says two were bought. Delivered figures therefore range from 2 to about 8.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-24-hind\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph2\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-24-hind\/\">Mil Mi-24\/Mi-35<\/a><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Attack helicopter<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>FlightGlobal 2025; Wikipedia gives the variant as Mi-35.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\">Mil Mi-17\/Mi-171<\/a><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Transport helicopter<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>FlightGlobal 2025.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph3\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bell 412<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>FlightGlobal 2025.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph4\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Harbin Y-12<span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light transport<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>FlightGlobal 2025.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Beechcraft Super King Air 200<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility transport<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>FlightGlobal 2025.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"fleetchart\">\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Mi-24<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:100%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">6<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Mi-17<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:100%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">6<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Y-12<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:67%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">4<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Su-27<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:33%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">2<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Bell 412<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:17%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">1<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">King Air 200<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:17%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">1<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"former\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Formerly operated<\/div>\n<h2>Every type the Eritrean Air Force has retired<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">2 types, from the Aermacchi MB-339CE to the Mikoyan MiG-29 and MiG-29UB. <span class=\"imp\">Peak figures are airframes taken on charge over the whole service life, not fleet strength on any one date.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet former\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-role\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-srv\">\n<col class=\"c-rep\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Peak<\/th>\n<th>Served<\/th>\n<th>Replaced by<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-29-fulcrum\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph5\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-29-fulcrum\/\" class=\"was\">Mikoyan MiG-29 and MiG-29UB<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1998&ndash;<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>8 received in 1998 (Wikipedia operator list). <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>Wikipedia&rsquo;s Eritrean Air Force article adds six bought from Moldova in 2000, a claim Moldovan fleet totals leave no room for, so it is not counted. Wikipedia lists four lost in the war; seven were still counted in 2022 and none was operational by 2026.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/aermacchi-mb-339\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph6\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/aermacchi-mb-339\/\" class=\"was\">Aermacchi MB-339CE<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf10\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Italy\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Jet trainer and light attack<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>1997&ndash;<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Six ordered in 1996. Wikipedia&rsquo;s war article lists one lost; its MB-339 operator list still shows five, but FlightGlobal 2025 lists none.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"bases\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Air bases<\/div>\n<h2>Where the Eritrean Air Force flies from<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Black pins are active bases; none of the airfields listed has closed. <span class=\"imp\">Asmara, built by Italy as a military airfield in 1922, is the headquarters and main base, and was struck by Ethiopian jets on 5 June 1998, the day of Eritrea&rsquo;s first air missions of the border war.<\/span> Assab hosted an Emirati military base built from 2015 for the Yemen war and partly dismantled from 2021; the Ministry of Information names a Fenkil Air Force Camp at Massawa, and Sawa, listed by Wikipedia at the national service training centre, could not be located. Coordinates come from Wikipedia, as Eritrea&rsquo;s AIP could not be reached. Entries with no published aerodrome data carry no pin.<\/p>\n<div class=\"mapframe\">\n<div id=\"oobmap\" class=\"oobmap\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"legend\"><span><i class=\"dot\"><\/i> Active air base<\/span><span><i class=\"dot was\"><\/i> Closed or reserve<\/span><span>Click a pin to open the base page<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"basefind\" data-filter=\"#basetbl\" data-item=\"tbody tr\" data-noun=\"air bases\" placeholder=\"Search bases, region, units, aircrafts\" aria-label=\"Search bases, region, units, aircrafts\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"basefind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"basefind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"basetbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Base<\/th>\n<th>ICAO<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Runway<\/th>\n<th>Units and aircraft<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr id=\"base-asmara\" data-base=\"asmara\" data-x=\"active active Eritrean Air Force headquarters ASM\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/asmara\/\">Asmara<\/a><span>Central Region (Maekel)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>HHAS<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>07\/25<\/span>3,000 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-assab\" data-base=\"assab\" data-x=\"active active  ASA\">\n<td>Assab International Airport<span>Southern Red Sea Region (Debubawi Keyih Bahri)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>HHSB<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>12\/30<\/span>3,515 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-massawa\" data-base=\"massawa\" data-x=\"active active  MSW\">\n<td>Massawa International Airport<span>Northern Red Sea Region (Semenawi Keyih Bahri)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>HHMS<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>07\/25<\/span>3,500 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-sawa\" data-base=\"sawa\" data-x=\"active active  \">\n<td>Sawa<span>Gash-Barka Region<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"basefind\">No air base matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"oob\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Order of battle<\/div>\n<h2>Who is stationed where in the Eritrean Air Force<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Flying units by base, current units first. <span class=\"imp\">Eritrea publishes no order of battle, and no squadron, wing or other unit designation appears in the sources reached, so no units are listed by base.<\/span> The Emirati base built at Assab from 2015 is described with that airfield and is not part of the Eritrean Air Force.<\/p>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"unitfind\" data-filter=\"#oobwrap\" data-item=\".oob\" data-noun=\"installations\" placeholder=\"Search squadrons, wings, aircraft, bases\" aria-label=\"Search squadrons, wings, aircraft, bases\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"unitfind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"unitfind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"oobwrap\" id=\"oobwrap\"><\/div>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"unitfind\">No unit matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>Eritrean Air Force milestones, 1914 to today<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1922<\/div>\n<p>The Italian colonial administration opens the military airfield of Gura at Asmara, today Asmara International Airport and the air force&rsquo;s headquarters.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1994<\/div>\n<p>The Eritrean Air Force is formed after independence under Habtezion Hadgu, a former Ethiopian Air Force pilot, starting with aircraft left by the Ethiopian army.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1996<\/div>\n<p>Six Aermacchi MB-339CE jet trainers are ordered from Italy; Wikipedia dates the first combat unit to 1997.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1998<\/div>\n<p>5 June: four MB-339 sorties strike Mekele and Ethiopian jets bomb Asmara airport; an Ethiopian jet is shot down and its pilot Bezabeh Petros captured. 26 June: Resolution 1177 notes pledges to end air strikes. Eight MiG-29s are delivered.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1999<\/div>\n<p>21, 25 and 26 February: Ethiopia reports its Su-27s damaging one Eritrean MiG-29 and shooting down two.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2000<\/div>\n<p>15 May: an Eritrean MiG-29 is credited with shooting down an Ethiopian Su-25, killing its pilot. 12 December: the Algiers Agreement ends the war.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2003<\/div>\n<p>January: Habtezion Hadgu leaves command; Teklai Habteselassie takes over. Summer: the first Su-27s arrive, according to Milavia.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2004<\/div>\n<p>28 April: the Claims Commission holds Eritrea liable for the civilian deaths caused by the third and fourth sorties against Mekele on 5 June 1998.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2005<\/div>\n<p>19 December: the Commission holds Ethiopia liable for bombing the Harsile water reservoir near Assab but rejects the claim that its whole air campaign was indiscriminate.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2009<\/div>\n<p>23 December: Resolution 1907 imposes an arms embargo on Eritrea; Wikipedia says the Russian maintenance contract for the fighters ended as a result.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2012<\/div>\n<p>Two air force officers fly a government jet to Saudi Arabia and seek asylum, according to Wikipedia.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2015<\/div>\n<p>September: the United Arab Emirates begins upgrading Assab airport as a base for its intervention in Yemen.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2016<\/div>\n<p>July: UN monitors report an air force delegation in Italy seeking helicopter parts and 16 Ukrainian air traffic control and radar technicians arriving in Asmara.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2018<\/div>\n<p>Peace with Ethiopia in July; Resolution 2444 terminates the UN sanctions regime on Eritrea.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2019<\/div>\n<p>31 May: 250 cadets graduate at the air force base in Asmara before President Isaias Afwerki.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2020<\/div>\n<p>14 November: Tigrayan forces fire missiles at Asmara, saying they targeted sites used for air strikes; they missed, according to Wikipedia.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2022<\/div>\n<p>The College of Aviation of Eritrea holds its first commencement.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2025<\/div>\n<p>FlightGlobal&rsquo;s World Air Forces counts 20 aircraft and no MiG-29s.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"combat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Combat record<\/div>\n<h2>Every war the Eritrean Air Force has fought<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Sorties and losses where the record gives them, and an honest blank where it does not.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip dark\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>2<\/b><span>conflicts<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1998<\/b><span>First<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>5<\/b><span>Aircraft lost<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>0<\/b><span>Killed<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"gl cml\">\n<li><b>Eritrean&ndash;Ethiopian War<\/b> <span class=\"de\">1998&ndash;2000<\/span> Strikes on Mekele and other Ethiopian targets with MB-339s, air defence of Asmara, and MiG-29 interceptions against the Ethiopian Air Force<\/li>\n<li><b>Tigray War<\/b> <span class=\"de\">2020&ndash;2022<\/span> Eritrean ground forces fought alongside the Ethiopian federal army; the air force&rsquo;s own role is largely unreported<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a class=\"cbig\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/eritrean-air-force\/combat-record\/\">Open the full combat record<\/a><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"makers\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The manufacturers<\/div>\n<h2>Who built the Eritrean Air Force fleet<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every company behind the aircraft on this page has its own page: the story, every type it built, the numbers and the other air forces that fly them.<\/p>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3>Current fleet and orders<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/mil\/\">Mil<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/beechcraft\/\">Beechcraft<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/bell\/\">Bell<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/harbin\/\">Harbin<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/sukhoi\/\">Sukhoi<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>Former fleet<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/aermacchi\/\" class=\"was\">Aermacchi<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/mikoyan\/\" class=\"was\">Mikoyan<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about the Eritrean Air Force<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>What aircraft does the Eritrean Air Force fly?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">FlightGlobal&rsquo;s World Air Forces 2025 lists 20 aircraft: two <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-27-flanker\/\">Su-27<\/a> Flankers (one fighter, one two-seat trainer), six <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-24-hind\/\">Mi-24\/35<\/a> attack helicopters, six <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\">Mi-17\/171<\/a> transport helicopters, a Bell 412, four Harbin Y-12 light transports and a King Air 200. How many of them fly is not published; Wikipedia says the Russian fighters are rarely flown for lack of maintenance.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Does Eritrea still have MiG-29s?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Not as an operational type, as far as published sources show. Eritrea received eight <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-29-fulcrum\/\">MiG-29s<\/a> in 1998 and seven were still counted in 2022, but FlightGlobal&rsquo;s 2025 directory lists none and Wikipedia&rsquo;s operator list says none were operational by 2026. A claim that six more came from Moldova in 2000 does not fit Moldova&rsquo;s own fleet numbers.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>When was the Eritrean Air Force founded?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">In 1994, according to Wikipedia, shortly after Eritrean independence. It started with aircraft the Ethiopians had left behind and was built up by Habtezion Hadgu, a former Ethiopian Air Force pilot. The government has not published an official founding date.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is the Eritrean Air Force called in Tigrinya and Arabic?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Eritrea has no official language: its constitution treats all Eritrean languages as equal, and Tigrinya, Arabic and English are the working languages, according to Wikipedia. The Ministry of Information&rsquo;s English site, shabait.com, calls the service the Eritrean Air Force. We could not reach an official Tigrinya or Arabic page naming it, so we do not print a native-script name here rather than guess one.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Who commands the Eritrean Air Force?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Major General Teklai (also spelt Teklay) Habteselasie, whom the Ministry of Information named as commander in May 2019, January 2026 and August 2026. Wikipedia says he has held the post since about 2003, when the founding commander, Brigadier General Habtezion Hadgu, left; it also says Teklai commands the Sawa training camp.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Did Eritrean jets bomb a school in Mekele in 1998?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">An international tribunal found that they did. The Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission found that on 5 June 1998 the third and fourth of four <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/aermacchi-mb-339\/\">MB-339<\/a> sorties dropped cluster bombs on the Ayder School area of Mekele, killing 53 civilians including 12 schoolchildren and wounding 185. Eritrea said it was an accident during an attack on the airport; the Commission held Eritrea liable in April 2004 for failing to take all feasible precautions.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Who won the air war between Eritrea and Ethiopia?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Ethiopia had more and better aircraft and claims the upper hand: it says its Su-27s shot down seven Eritrean MiG-29s, though Wikipedia says only two to four can be confirmed and Eritrea disputes the May 2000 claims. Eritrean MiG-29s are credited with an Ethiopian Su-25 on 15 May 2000 and three MiG-23BNs. Eritrea has never published its own figures, so every tally is one side&rsquo;s claim.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why are Eritrea&rsquo;s fighters rarely flown?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Mainly because of the UN arms embargo of December 2009. Wikipedia says Eritrea&rsquo;s maintenance contract with Russian firms ended because it breached resolution 1907, which barred military technical assistance, leaving the fleet with a chronic lack of maintenance. The embargo was lifted by resolution 2444 in 2018, but no new aircraft purchase has been published since.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is there a foreign air base in Eritrea?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">There was. From September 2015 the United Arab Emirates upgraded Assab airport to support its intervention in Yemen, and UN monitors described an apparent military base with permanent structures there in 2016. Wikipedia says a partial withdrawal began in 2021. The UN Monitoring Group said hosting the coalition could amount to prohibited military assistance under the embargo then in force.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Where is the Eritrean Air Force based?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Its headquarters and main base are at Asmara International Airport, a joint civil and military field that began as an Italian military airfield in 1922. Wikipedia also lists Assab, Massawa and Sawa, and the Ministry of Information mentions the Fenkil Air Force Camp at Massawa. Somali soldiers have trained at the Asmara headquarters since 2022; Somalia&rsquo;s president visited them there on 9 July 2024.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What aircraft does the Eritrean Air Force fly?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"FlightGlobal\\u2019s World Air Forces 2025 lists 20 aircraft: two Su-27 Flankers (one fighter, one two-seat trainer), six Mi-24\/35 attack helicopters, six Mi-17\/171 transport helicopters, a Bell 412, four Harbin Y-12 light transports and a King Air 200. How many of them fly is not published; Wikipedia says the Russian fighters are rarely flown for lack of maintenance.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Does Eritrea still have MiG-29s?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Not as an operational type, as far as published sources show. Eritrea received eight MiG-29s in 1998 and seven were still counted in 2022, but FlightGlobal\\u2019s 2025 directory lists none and Wikipedia\\u2019s operator list says none were operational by 2026. A claim that six more came from Moldova in 2000 does not fit Moldova\\u2019s own fleet numbers.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"When was the Eritrean Air Force founded?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"In 1994, according to Wikipedia, shortly after Eritrean independence. It started with aircraft the Ethiopians had left behind and was built up by Habtezion Hadgu, a former Ethiopian Air Force pilot. 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Wikipedia says he has held the post since about 2003, when the founding commander, Brigadier General Habtezion Hadgu, left; it also says Teklai commands the Sawa training camp.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Did Eritrean jets bomb a school in Mekele in 1998?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"An international tribunal found that they did. The Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission found that on 5 June 1998 the third and fourth of four MB-339 sorties dropped cluster bombs on the Ayder School area of Mekele, killing 53 civilians including 12 schoolchildren and wounding 185. Eritrea said it was an accident during an attack on the airport; the Commission held Eritrea liable in April 2004 for failing to take all feasible precautions.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Who won the air war between Eritrea and Ethiopia?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Ethiopia had more and better aircraft and claims the upper hand: it says its Su-27s shot down seven Eritrean MiG-29s, though Wikipedia says only two to four can be confirmed and Eritrea disputes the May 2000 claims. Eritrean MiG-29s are credited with an Ethiopian Su-25 on 15 May 2000 and three MiG-23BNs. Eritrea has never published its own figures, so every tally is one side\\u2019s claim.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Why are Eritrea\\u2019s fighters rarely flown?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Mainly because of the UN arms embargo of December 2009. Wikipedia says Eritrea\\u2019s maintenance contract with Russian firms ended because it breached resolution 1907, which barred military technical assistance, leaving the fleet with a chronic lack of maintenance. The embargo was lifted by resolution 2444 in 2018, but no new aircraft purchase has been published since.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is there a foreign air base in Eritrea?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"There was. From September 2015 the United Arab Emirates upgraded Assab airport to support its intervention in Yemen, and UN monitors described an apparent military base with permanent structures there in 2016. Wikipedia says a partial withdrawal began in 2021. The UN Monitoring Group said hosting the coalition could amount to prohibited military assistance under the embargo then in force.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Where is the Eritrean Air Force based?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Its headquarters and main base are at Asmara International Airport, a joint civil and military field that began as an Italian military airfield in 1922. Wikipedia also lists Assab, Massawa and Sawa, and the Ministry of Information mentions the Fenkil Air Force Camp at Massawa. Somali soldiers have trained at the Asmara headquarters since 2022; Somalia\\u2019s president visited them there on 9 July 2024.\"}}]}<\/script><hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"gallery\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Read the aircraft the Eritrean Air Force flew<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every type with a page in the Book of Beasts, in service first, then by the year it left the fleet.<\/p>\n<div class=\"acgrid\"><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-27-flanker\/\"><span class=\"im none\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Sukhoi Su-27SK and Su-27UB<\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-24-hind\/\"><span class=\"im ph2\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Mil Mi-24\/Mi-35<\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mi-8-hip\/\"><span class=\"im none\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Mil Mi-17\/Mi-171<\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-29-fulcrum\/\"><span class=\"im ph5\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Mikoyan MiG-29 and MiG-29UB<\/b><em>1998&ndash;<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/aermacchi-mb-339\/\"><span class=\"im ph6\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Aermacchi MB-339CE<span class=\"nflag nf10\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Italy\"><\/span><\/b><em>1997&ndash;<\/em><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flightglobal.com\/download?ac=113841\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">FlightGlobal: World Air Forces 2025<\/a><span>Eritrean Air Force: combat aircraft Su-27 1; transport King Air 200 1, Y-12 4; combat helicopters Bell 412 1, Mi-17\/171 6, Mi-24 6; training Su-27 1; nothing on order. The cover read World Air Forces 2025 when fetched; Wikipedia cites the same link as the 2026 edition.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/shabait.com\/2019\/06\/01\/eritrean-air-force-graduates-250-cadets\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Shabait (Ministry of Information): Eritrean Air Force graduates 250 cadets (1 June 2019)<\/a><span>Ceremony on 31 May 2019 at the air force base in Asmara, presided over by President Isaias Afwerki; Maj. Gen. Teklai Habteselasie named as commander; courses in aircraft technology, air defence missiles and radar, aviation theory and fighter pilot training.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/shabait.com\/2022\/03\/23\/i-think-the-aviation-college-is-very-crucial-for-the-future-of-the-eritrean-air-force-second-lieutenant-hana-kidane\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Shabait: interview with Second Lieutenant Hana Kidane on the aviation college (23 March 2022)<\/a><span>College of Aviation of Eritrea held its first commencement in 2022; pilot programme of three years, two theoretical and one practical.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/shabait.com\/2026\/08\/06\/eritrean-air-force-sports-competitions-commence\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Shabait: Eritrean Air Force sports competitions commence (6 August 2026)<\/a><span>Maj. Gen. Teklay Habteselasie, Commander of the Eritrean Air Force, in Asmara; competitions held every two years among eight clubs.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/shabait.com\/2026\/01\/07\/christmas-celebrated-at-fenkil-air-force-camp\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Shabait: Christmas celebrated at Fenkil Air Force Camp (7 January 2026)<\/a><span>Fenkil Air Force Camp in Massawa; Maj. Gen. Teklai Habteselasie, Commander of the Eritrean Air Force, attended.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/shabait.com\/?s=air+force\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Shabait: search results for &quot;air force&quot;<\/a><span>Ministry of Information articles on the air force 2013&ndash;2026, including the road to the Air Force area in Asmara (2013).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pca-cpa.org\/en\/cases\/71\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Permanent Court of Arbitration: Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission (case page)<\/a><span>List of the Commission&rsquo;s partial and final awards; final damages awards 17 August 2009.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pcacases.com\/web\/sendAttach\/754\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission: Partial Award, Central Front, Ethiopia&rsquo;s Claim 2 (28 April 2004)<\/a><span>Four MB-339 sorties on Mekele on 5 June 1998; the third and fourth dropped cluster bombs near Ayder School, killing 53 civilians including 12 schoolchildren and wounding 185; Eritrea held liable for failing to take all feasible precautions; Adigrat claims dismissed for lack of proof.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pcacases.com\/web\/sendAttach\/757\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission: Partial Award, Western Front, Aerial Bombardment and Related Claims (19 December 2005)<\/a><span>Ethiopia&rsquo;s bombing campaign as a whole not found indiscriminate despite &quot;regrettable errors&quot;; Ethiopia liable for attacks on the Harsile water reservoir, an object indispensable to Assab&rsquo;s civilians.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.milavia.net\/aircraft\/su-27\/su-27_ops.htm\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Milavia: Sukhoi Su-27 operator list<\/a><span>Eritrea: about eight Su-27SK\/UB, first delivered summer 2003; &quot;at least one Su-27 single-seater and one Su-27UB two-seater have been supplied&quot;; splinter camouflage.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/main.un.org\/securitycouncil\/en\/sanctions\/751\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">UN Security Council: Committee pursuant to resolution 751 (1992) concerning Somalia<\/a><span>&quot;With the adoption of resolution 2444 (2018), which terminated the Eritrea sanctions regime, the Committee&rsquo;s name was changed&quot;.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.securitycouncilreport.org\/atf\/cf\/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7D\/s_2015_802.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">UN Monitoring Group on Somalia and Eritrea: report on Eritrea, S\/2015\/802 (19 October 2015)<\/a><span>Paras 29&ndash;32: the UAE understood to have leased the port of Assab for 30 years; unconfirmed reports of some 400 Eritrean soldiers with the UAE contingent in Yemen. No aircraft detail.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.securitycouncilreport.org\/atf\/cf\/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7D\/s_2016_920.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">UN Monitoring Group on Somalia and Eritrea: report on Eritrea, S\/2016\/920 (31 October 2016)<\/a><span>Para 34: apparent military base with permanent structures at the south-eastern end of Assab airport; para 40: support to the coalition could be technical assistance under resolution 1907; paras 42&ndash;46: attempts to buy aircraft materials and air operations training, an air force delegation under Maj. Gen. Teklai Habteselassie in Italy in July 2016, 16 Ukrainian air traffic control and radar technicians in Asmara from 18 July, two helicopter pilots who did not return.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/world-report\/2026\/country-chapters\/eritrea\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Human Rights Watch: World Report 2026 &ndash; Eritrea<\/a><span>Tensions with Ethiopia over sea access; national service extended indefinitely since 1998; Eritrean forces still in parts of Tigray.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/sonna.so\/en\/president-hassan-visits-somali-national-army-training-at-the-eritrean-air-force-hq-in-asmara\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">SONNA: President Hassan visits Somali National Army training at the Eritrean Air Force HQ in Asmara (9 July 2024)<\/a><span>Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, with President Isaias Afwerki, visited Somali troops training at the Eritrean Air Force headquarters in Asmara during a two-day visit.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2017\/06\/22\/yemen-uae-backs-abusive-local-forces\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Yemen: UAE Backs Abusive Local Forces (Human Rights Watch, 22 June 2017)<\/a><span>Reports that the UAE moved high-profile detainees out of Yemen, including to its base at Assab; cites security analysts and the Middle East Institute that the base includes a port, airbase and a training facility for Yemeni forces. No UAE response is quoted.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Figures verified 2026-10-01. Order of Battle pages are regenerated from a single dataset; if a number here disagrees with a Book of Beasts page, this page is the more recent of the two.<\/p>\n<p class=\"verified\">Photographs: Photo: U.S. Air Force photo\/Kristen Kincade \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: Filip.vidinovski \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Carlos E. Perez S.L \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Kentaro Iemoto from Tokyo, Japan \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0) &middot; Photo: &#321;ukasz Golowanow \/ Wikimedia Commons (Attribution) &middot; Photo: Just a Man \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 4.0)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .ph1{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/w17-hero-eritrean-air-force.jpg)!important}#mfam .ph2{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/w15-er-t-219.jpg)!important}#mfam .ph3{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/w15-er-t-221.jpg)!important}#mfam 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