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.hero.photo{padding:0;background:#0b0f16} #mfam .heroimg{position:absolute;inset:0;background-size:cover;background-position:center 45%;z-index:0} #mfam .hero.photo::before{z-index:1;background:linear-gradient(180deg,rgba(8,11,17,.80) 0%,rgba(8,11,17,.42) 40%,rgba(8,11,17,.90) 100%),linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(8,11,17,.72),rgba(8,11,17,.06) 62%)} #mfam .hero.photo .hero-in{padding-top:92px;padding-bottom:56px;z-index:2} #mfam .hero .accent{position:absolute;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;height:4px;z-index:4;background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--red) 0 22%,var(--blue) 22% 100%)} #mfam .photocred{position:absolute;right:16px;bottom:14px;z-index:3;font-size:10.5px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.48);letter-spacing:.3px;max-width:52ch;text-align:right;line-height:1.4} #mfam .marks{display:flex;gap:30px;align-items:center;margin-top:32px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mark{display:flex;gap:13px;align-items:center} #mfam .rondel,#mfam .finflash{display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .rondel{width:58px;height:58px} #mfam .finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero\">\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; Colombia<\/div>\n<h1>Colombian Aerospace Force<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">Fuerza Aeroespacial Colombiana<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">The Colombian Aerospace Force, created by law on 31 December 1919 and flying since 1921, fought Peru over Leticia in 1933 and has since spent most of its life in a war at home &mdash; from DC-3 gunships and Super Tucanos to the 2008 strike in Ecuador &mdash; and now, with 17 Gripens on order and its old name back in use, is trying to rebuild a fighter force it let wither.<\/p>\n<div class=\"marks\">\n<div class=\"mark\"><svg class=\"rondel\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Colombian national marking: yellow outer ring, blue ring, red centre\"><circle cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"49\" fill=\"#fcd116\"\/><circle cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"33\" fill=\"#003893\"\/><circle cx=\"50\" cy=\"50\" r=\"16.5\" fill=\"#ce1126\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"mk\">National marking<b>Yellow outer ring, blue ring, red centre.<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>11<\/b><span>Combat aircraft<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>12<\/b><span>Active air bases<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1919<\/b><span>Founded<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>17<\/b><span>Types retired<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Country<\/b>Colombia<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Founded<\/b>1919<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Status<\/b>Active<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Headquarters<\/b>Bogot&#225;<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Commander<\/b>Juan Mart&#237;nez Ossa<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>The Colombian air force story: a war on the Amazon in 1933, half a century of war at home and the Gripen<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1919&ndash;1933: a flying school, a French mission and a war on the Amazon<\/h3>\n<p>Colombian military aviation was created on paper by Law 126 of 31 December 1919 and in practice on 15 February 1921, when a French mission opened a school at Flandes with three Caudron G.3s, three G.4s and four Nieuport-Delage 21s. Money ran out and the school closed in 1922; it reopened at Madrid, near Bogot&#225;, on 8 November 1924 with Swiss help. The first real combat aircraft, a Curtiss Falcon, was shown on 28 December 1928. Four years later the service was tested. On 1 September 1932 Peruvians seized Leticia on the Amazon, and Colombia, with four Ospreys and one Falcon, bought an air force in months: Junkers, Dorniers, 20 Falcons and 30 Curtiss Hawk IIs, many flown by German pilots from the SCADTA airline under Herbert Boy. Air actions at Tarapac&#225; and G&#252;ep&#237; followed in 1933 before a ceasefire in May.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1934&ndash;1966: patrols, Thunderbolts and the first jets<\/h3>\n<p>The war made aviation a permanent arm. A Pacific base opened at Buenaventura in January 1933 and three Seversky P-35s, the first all-metal monoplane fighters, came in 1936. When Colombia broke with the Axis and a U-boat sank the schooner Resolute off San Andr&#233;s on 23 June 1942, Falcons and then AT-6 Texans patrolled the Caribbean coast until 1945. After the war the service became the Fuerza A&#233;rea Colombiana and re-equipped with American aid: P-47 Thunderbolts from 1947, B-26 Invaders, the Apiay base in the eastern plains in 1948. When Colombia sent a battalion and three frigates to Korea in 1951, the air force stayed at home; the sources checked mention no Colombian air component there. The jet age began with six T-33s in 1954 and six Canadair Sabres in 1956.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1966&ndash;1999: Mirages, Kfirs and an air force turned inward<\/h3>\n<p>The 1960s brought the C-130 Hercules, the UH-1, the T-37 and T-41, and in 1962 the state airline SATENA, run by the air force for regions no airline would serve. In 1972 eighteen Mirage 5s arrived, the first supersonic fighters, and twelve ex-Israeli Kfir C2s followed in 1989&ndash;1990; both were upgraded in Israel and refuelled from a Boeing 707 tanker. New groups were formed on the Caribbean coast (1977), San Andr&#233;s (1979) and at Marand&#250;a in the east (1983). But the real war was internal. The T-37Cs were turned into light attack aircraft in the early 1980s, A-37s came in numbers, gunships were improvised from DC-3s from 1986, and in 1991 the USAF handed over twelve OV-10 Broncos. A fighter force sized for a neighbour spent its life bombing guerrilla camps.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">1999&ndash;2016: Plan Colombia, the Super Tucano and the raid on Angostura<\/h3>\n<p>Plan Colombia, about US$10 billion of American aid from 2000, paid for radars, surveillance aircraft and helicopters, and the air force built its own Arp&#237;a gunship from the Black Hawk. Twenty-five Super Tucanos arrived from December 2006 and flew the type&rsquo;s first combat mission on 18 January 2007. Precision air power then decapitated the FARC: Ra&#250;l Reyes was killed at Angostura on 1 March 2008, Mono Jojoy in Operation Sodoma in 2010 and Alfonso Cano in Operation Odiseo in 2011. Angostura lay about 1.8 km inside Ecuador. President Uribe called it a step against terrorism that &ldquo;does not respect borders&rdquo;; President Correa called it aggression, and Ecuador broke relations on 3 March 2008. The campaign worked militarily; its diplomatic and human costs, with four Mexican students among the dead according to Spanish Wikipedia, are still argued over.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">2016&ndash;2026: peace, the Gripen and a name that would not settle<\/h3>\n<p>The 2016 peace agreement with the FARC did not end the bombing. Dissident fronts and the ELN grew, and the Defence Minister said in September 2026 that armed groups had nearly doubled to about 29,000 in four years. Under President Petro the strikes were rare but did not stop: an air strike in Guaviare on 12 November 2025 killed 19 people. Petro also chose the Saab Gripen in April 2025, the most expensive of three bids according to Infodefensa, and Saab signed for 17 on 15 November 2025. The name was the oddest fight. Law 2302 of 2023 made the service the Fuerza Aeroespacial Colombiana, the Constitutional Court struck it down in 2024, and a constitutional reform restored it that November; on 21 August 2026 the new government of Abelardo de la Espriella announced a return to Fuerza A&#233;rea Colombiana.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">What the air force is good at, and what it still lacks<\/h3>\n<p>The Colombian air force is one of the most combat-experienced in the Americas, but in a narrow way: close air support, night gunship work, helicopter assault and interdiction of drug flights, not air combat. Its fighter arm has been allowed to run down to about eleven Kfirs, eight of them flyable in November 2025, and the Gripen will not be complete before 2032. Transport is stretched: the C-130H crash at Puerto Legu&#237;zamo on 23 March 2026, which killed 69 or 70 people, came on a mission cut from two aircraft to one for lack of money, according to Infodefensa. The strikes resumed in August 2026 killed children recruited by armed groups, and the courts have now set conditions on further bombing. Those are the questions the next decade will answer.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"pull\">The war made aviation a permanent arm. A Pacific base opened at Buenaventura in January 1933 and three Seversky P-35s, the first all-metal monoplane fighters, came in 1936.<cite>Colombian Aerospace Force &middot; verified 2026-10-01<\/cite><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>The Colombian Aerospace Force in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Service<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Native name<\/dt>\n<dd>Fuerza Aeroespacial Colombiana<span class=\"gnote\">The constitutional name since the reform of November 2024. On 21 August 2026 the government of Abelardo de la Espriella announced a return to the historic name Fuerza A&#233;rea Colombiana (FAC), which the press now uses; the legal instrument for the change was not confirmed in the sources checked<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Founded<\/dt>\n<dd>31 December 1919<span class=\"gnote\">Law 126 of 1919 created military aviation; the school at Flandes opened with a French mission on 15 February 1921, the date Wikipedia&rsquo;s infobox uses. It closed in 1922 and reopened at Madrid, Cundinamarca, on 8 November 1924<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Part of<\/dt>\n<dd>Military Forces of Colombia<span class=\"gnote\">One of three services under the Commander General of the Military Forces, since August 2026 Maj. Gen. Erick Rodr&#237;guez Aparicio<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Headquarters<\/dt>\n<dd>Bogot&#225;<span class=\"gnote\">The main transport base, CATAM, is at El Dorado airport in Bogot&#225;<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Commander<\/dt>\n<dd>Maj. Gen. Juan Mart&#237;nez Ossa<span class=\"gnote\">Named in the new high command of August 2026; deputy Maj. Gen. Juan Mosquera Due&#241;as. Gen. Carlos Silva was commander at the time of the March 2026 Hercules crash<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Minister of Defence<\/dt>\n<dd>Jorge Mora<span class=\"gnote\">Minister under President Abelardo de la Espriella, who took office on 7 August 2026<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Strength<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Personnel<\/dt>\n<dd>13,500&ndash;25,000<span class=\"gnote\">Contested: Wikipedia gives about 13,500 in 2010 (2,171 officers, 3,304 NCOs, 903 cadets, 4,673 soldiers) and 25,000 active today; Spanish Wikipedia gives about 15,000 in 2017. No official 2026 figure was reachable<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Combat aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>IAI Kfir C10\/C12 &mdash; 11 (Infodefensa, Nov 2025) to 16 (Wikipedia)<\/li>\n<li>Gripen E\/F &mdash; 17 on order<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">The Kfir is due to be replaced by the Gripen from 2026; deliveries run to 2032<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Attack and gunships<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>A-29 Super Tucano &mdash; 24<\/li>\n<li>AC-47T Fantasma &mdash; 5&ndash;6<\/li>\n<li>AH-60L Arp&#237;a IV &mdash; 10<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">The counter-insurgency core of the service<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Transport and tanker<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>C-130B\/H Hercules &mdash; 9<\/li>\n<li>C295 &mdash; 7<\/li>\n<li>KC-767 &mdash; 1<\/li>\n<li>Boeing 737 &mdash; 5<\/li>\n<li>C-212 &mdash; 4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Wikipedia inventory figures; two KC-390 ordered in 2026<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Helicopters<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>UH-1H\/Huey II &mdash; 52<\/li>\n<li>UH-60 family &mdash; 24<\/li>\n<li>Bell 212 &mdash; 11<\/li>\n<li>MD 530 &mdash; 4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Wikipedia inventory figures; army and police fly their own helicopters<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Trainers<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Cessna 172 &mdash; 16<\/li>\n<li>T-27 Tucano &mdash; 14<\/li>\n<li>T-6C Texan II &mdash; 6&ndash;8<\/li>\n<li>Bell 206 &mdash; 47<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">The T-37 and A-37 have been retired<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Infrastructure<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Air commands<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>CACOM 1 Palanquero &mdash; Kfir<\/li>\n<li>CACOM 2 Apiay<\/li>\n<li>CACOM 3 Malambo (Barranquilla)<\/li>\n<li>CACOM 4 Melgar &mdash; helicopters<\/li>\n<li>CACOM 5 Rionegro &mdash; Black Hawk<\/li>\n<li>CACOM 6 Tres Esquinas<\/li>\n<li>CACOM 7 Cali<\/li>\n<li>CATAM Bogot&#225; &mdash; transport<\/li>\n<li>CAMAN Madrid &mdash; maintenance<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Plus the Caribbean Air Group on San Andr&#233;s and the Eastern Air Group at Marand&#250;a<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Air groups<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>GACAR San Andr&#233;s (1979)<\/li>\n<li>GAORI Marand&#250;a (1983)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Formed to extend control over the islands and the eastern plains<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Schools<\/dt>\n<dd>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>EMAVI Military Aviation School, Cali<\/li>\n<li>ESUFA NCO school, Madrid<\/li>\n<li>Military Aeronautical Institute, Bogot&#225;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Primary flying on the Cessna 172 at EMAVI<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Gripen works<\/dt>\n<dd>US$91 million at Palanquero<span class=\"gnote\">Eight bunker-type shelters, a four-position alert bunker and a 7,800 m&#178; hangar, due by 30 November 2028<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>State airline<\/dt>\n<dd>SATENA<span class=\"gnote\">Created on 12 April 1962 to serve remote regions and entrusted to the air force<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"structure\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Structure<\/div>\n<h2>How the Colombian Aerospace Force is organised<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">A headquarters in Bogot&#225; over seven combat air commands (CACOM 1 to 7), a transport command at CATAM, a maintenance command at Madrid and regional air groups on San Andr&#233;s, at Marand&#250;a and at Leticia. <span class=\"imp\">The only fighter squadron, Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 111 at Palanquero, flies about eleven Kfirs, eight of them on the flight line in November 2025 according to Infodefensa, until 17 Gripen E\/F arrive between 2026 and 2032; the counter-insurgency core is the Super Tucano.<\/span> Helicopters fly from Melgar and Rionegro, and officers learn to fly at Cali.<\/p>\n<div class=\"org\">\n<div class=\"cmdcard\"><span class=\"cface mono\">JM<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"cmdtx\"><span class=\"crank\">Major General (mayor general)<\/span><b>Juan Mart&#237;nez Ossa<\/b><span class=\"cmeta\">Commander of the Colombian Air Force &middot; in office since 2026<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"cmdorg\"><span>Colombian Aerospace Force<\/span><em>Fuerza Aeroespacial Colombiana<\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgrow\">\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Headquarters<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Colombian Aerospace Force<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">Fuerza Aeroespacial Colombiana<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Bogot&#225;<\/div>\n<p>One of the three services of the Military Forces of Colombia. Maj Gen Juan Mart&#237;nez Ossa was named commander in the high command of President Abelardo de la Espriella in August 2026, with Maj Gen Juan Mosquera Due&#241;as as deputy; the exact date was not confirmed. The name has been in the Constitution since November 2024, and on 21 August 2026 the government announced a return to Fuerza A&#233;rea Colombiana.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Front line<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Combat Air Command No. 1 (CACOM 1)<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">Comando A&#233;reo de Combate No. 1<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Palanquero<\/div>\n<p>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 111 &lsquo;Dardos&rsquo;, Colombia&rsquo;s only fighter squadron according to Wikipedia, flies the Kfir C10\/C12: Infodefensa counted 11 in November 2025, eight of them on the flight line. 17 Gripen E\/F were ordered in November 2025 for delivery from 2026 to 2032, with US$91 million of works at the base due by 30 November 2028. Wikipedia also lists AC-47T gunships, helicopters and the T-6C with Escuadrones 113 and 116.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Light attack<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Super Tucano squadrons<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Apiay, Malambo, Tres Esquinas and San Andr&#233;s<\/div>\n<p>The counter-insurgency core of the service, 24 A-29s according to Wikipedia: Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 211 &lsquo;Grifos&rsquo; and the AT-27 Tucanos of 212 at Apiay (CACOM 2), 312 &lsquo;Drakos&rsquo; at Malambo (CACOM 3) and 611 at Tres Esquinas (CACOM 6); Spanish Wikipedia adds Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 101 on San Andr&#233;s. The type flew its first-ever combat mission in Colombia on 18 January 2007.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Helicopters<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Combat Air Commands No. 4 and 5<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Melgar and Rionegro<\/div>\n<p>Melgar, the first helicopter base from 1954, houses CACOM 4 and the Joint Helicopter School, with Bell 212 &lsquo;Rapaz&rsquo;, UH-1H Huey II and MD 530 squadrons. CACOM 5 at Rionegro has been the Black Hawk centre since 1990 and flies the AH-60L Arp&#237;a IV; Infodefensa counted ten Arp&#237;a IVs in September 2026, with plans for 18.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Transport<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Military Air Transport Command (CATAM)<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">Comando A&#233;reo de Transporte Militar<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Bogot&#225;<\/div>\n<p>Grupo de Transporte A&#233;reo 81 flies the C-130B\/H Hercules, C295s, CN-235, Boeing 737s and the KC-767 tanker J&#250;piter, and Grupo de Vuelos Especiales 82 the presidential aircraft. C-130H FAC 1016 crashed on take-off at Puerto Legu&#237;zamo on 23 March 2026, killing 69 or 70 people; two KC-390s are being bought for delivery by the end of 2030.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Training and maintenance<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Military Aviation School (EMAVI)<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\">Escuela Militar de Aviaci&#243;n Marco Fidel Su&#225;rez<\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">Cali and Madrid<\/div>\n<p>The officer cadet school, where 16 Cessna 172s fly primary training; Combat Air Command No. 7 is also listed at Cali. The NCO school ESUFA, the maintenance command CAMAN, which upgraded the Kfirs and Mirages in the 1990s, and the light transports of Grupo de Transporte A&#233;reo 91 are at Madrid, Cundinamarca, where the flying school reopened in 1924.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"orgcard\"><span class=\"tag\">Regional groups<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Caribbean, Eastern and Amazon Air Groups<\/h4>\n<div class=\"de\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"oloc\">San Andr&#233;s, Marand&#250;a and Leticia<\/div>\n<p>The Caribbean Air Group, created in 1979 to defend sovereignty over San Andr&#233;s and Providencia, flies Super Tucanos, King Airs and Caravans; the Eastern Air Group, created in 1983, AC-47T gunships, helicopters and ScanEagle drones; and the Amazon Air Group Caravans, Tucanos, helicopters and a C-212, according to Spanish Wikipedia.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"fleet\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">In service<\/div>\n<h2>What the Colombian Aerospace Force flies today<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every type on charge, linked to its Book of Beasts page where one exists. <span class=\"imp\">Counts are aircraft on the books, not aircraft available on a given day.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-role\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-yr\">\n<col class=\"c-units\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">In service<\/th>\n<th>Since<\/th>\n<th>Units<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/iai-kfir\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/iai-kfir\/\">IAI Kfir C10\/C12 COA<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf6\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Israel\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Multirole fighter<\/td>\n<td>11<\/td>\n<td>1989<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Contested: Infodefensa counted 11 in November 2025, eight on the flight line and three in maintenance; the Wikipedia inventory table gives 16; 23 were listed in 2019.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/a-29-super-tucano\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/a-29-super-tucano\/\">Embraer A-29 (EMB 314) Super Tucano<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf9\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Brazil\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light attack and counter-insurgency<\/td>\n<td>24<\/td>\n<td>2006<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>25 bought; at least one lost on 11 July 2012. The Wikipedia inventory table gives 24 in service.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Basler BT-67 (AC-47T &lsquo;Fantasma&rsquo;)<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Gunship<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>1986<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Infodefensa counts six; Wikipedia&rsquo;s AC-47 article speaks of five armed BT-67s.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Boeing KC-767 MMTT &lsquo;J&#250;piter&rsquo;<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Tanker and transport<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>2010<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>One aircraft, FAC-1202.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/c-130-hercules\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/c-130-hercules\/\">Lockheed C-130B\/H Hercules<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Tactical transport<\/td>\n<td>9<\/td>\n<td>1968<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Wikipedia inventory figure, which already notes the 23 March 2026 loss; not confirmed by an official count.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph1\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Airbus C295<span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Tactical transport<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Wikipedia inventory figure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph2\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>CASA C-212 Aviocar<span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light transport<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Wikipedia inventory figure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph3\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Boeing 737<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>VIP transport and electronic warfare<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Wikipedia inventory figure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph4\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Embraer Legacy 600 and ERJ-145<span class=\"nflag nf9\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Brazil\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>VIP transport<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Two Legacy 600 per Wikipedia; Infodefensa reported the purchase of one ERJ-145 in 2026.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Cessna 208 Caravan<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility transport and reconnaissance<\/td>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Wikipedia lists 6 for reconnaissance and 10 for utility transport.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph5\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Cessna 560 Citation Ultra<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Surveillance<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Wikipedia inventory figure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Beechcraft King Air 90\/350<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Transport and electronic warfare<\/td>\n<td>11<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Wikipedia: 11, three of them for electronic warfare.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph6\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>CASA CN-235<span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Reconnaissance<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Wikipedia inventory figure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-60-black-hawk\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph7\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-60-black-hawk\/\">Sikorsky UH-60L\/AH-60L Black Hawk and Arp&#237;a<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility, rescue and attack helicopter<\/td>\n<td>24<\/td>\n<td>1990<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Wikipedia gives 24 UH-60 of all versions; Infodefensa counted ten AH-60L Arp&#237;a IV attack versions in September 2026.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph8\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\">Bell UH-1H\/Huey II<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td>52<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Wikipedia inventory figure, including two Bell 205s.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph9\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bell 212<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td>11<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Wikipedia inventory figure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph10\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>MD 530 Defender<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light helicopter<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Wikipedia inventory figure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph11\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bell 206 \/ TH-67<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Helicopter trainer<\/td>\n<td>47<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Wikipedia inventory figure; not confirmed by another source.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/emb-312-tucano\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/emb-312-tucano\/\">Embraer T-27 (EMB 312) Tucano<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf9\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Brazil\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Basic and advanced trainer<\/td>\n<td>14<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Wikipedia inventory figure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/t-6-texan-ii\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph12\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/t-6-texan-ii\/\">Beechcraft T-6C Texan II<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Advanced trainer<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Contested: Wikipedia&rsquo;s FAC article gives 8 in service with more on order; the T-6 article gives 10 ordered and six delivered by December 2023.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Cessna 172 Skyhawk<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Primary trainer<\/td>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td>2021<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>16 (FAC2470&ndash;FAC2485) in January 2026; the last three arrived in December 2025.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Elbit Hermes 450 and Hermes 900<span class=\"nflag nf6\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Israel\"><\/span><span class=\"st on\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Surveillance UAV<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Wikipedia: six Hermes 450 and two Hermes 900; plus six ScanEagle.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"fleetchart\">\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">UH-1<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:100%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">52<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Bell 206<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:90%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">47<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">A-29<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:46%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">24<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">UH-60<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:46%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">24<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">C208<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:31%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">16<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">C172<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:31%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">16<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">T-27<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:27%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">14<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"frow\"><span class=\"fname\">Kfir<\/span><span class=\"fbar\"><i style=\"width:21%\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fnum\">11<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>On order<\/h3>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet ord\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-fd\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Ordered<\/th>\n<th>First delivery<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/saab-gripen\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/saab-gripen\/\">Saab JAS 39 Gripen E\/F<\/a><span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td>17<\/td>\n<td>2026<\/td>\n<td>Contract signed 13 November 2025 and celebrated on 14 November. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>Saab gives 15 single-seat E and 2 two-seat F, EUR 3.1 billion and deliveries 2026&ndash;2032; Infodefensa reported US$4.402 billion and wrote that all would be E models. In October 2025 the defence ministry had announced 16 aircraft for 16.8 trillion pesos. US$91 million of runway, shelter and hangar works at Palanquero are due by 30 November 2028. A first delivery in Colombia was not confirmed by 1 October 2026. The new government wants eight or nine Rafael RecceLite XR pods, which the Petro government had excluded.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Embraer KC-390 Millennium<span class=\"nflag nf9\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Brazil\"><\/span><span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>President Petro ordered the purchase closed in July 2026; Infodefensa reported a US$366.43 million package with delivery by 30 December 2030, the first aircraft with air-to-air refuelling. <\/p>\n<details class=\"ndet\">\n<summary>More<\/summary>\n<p><span>Signature was expected around 4 August 2026 but was not confirmed in the sources checked.<\/span><\/details>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/t-6-texan-ii\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph12\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/t-6-texan-ii\/\">Beechcraft T-6C Texan II<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><span class=\"st ord\">On order<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Wikipedia&rsquo;s FAC article lists further T-6Cs on order (2 plus 14); the T-6 article gives 10 ordered and six delivered by December 2023. The outstanding number is not confirmed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"former\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Formerly operated<\/div>\n<h2>Every type the Colombian Aerospace Force has retired<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">17 types, from the Caudron G.3, Caudron G.4 and Nieuport-Delage NiD 21 to the Cessna A-37B Dragonfly. <span class=\"imp\">Peak figures are airframes taken on charge over the whole service life, not fleet strength on any one date.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt fleet former\">\n<colgroup>\n<col class=\"c-th\">\n<col class=\"c-type\">\n<col class=\"c-role\">\n<col class=\"c-num\">\n<col class=\"c-srv\">\n<col class=\"c-rep\">\n<col><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>Type<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Peak<\/th>\n<th>Served<\/th>\n<th>Replaced by<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/a-37-dragonfly\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/a-37-dragonfly\/\" class=\"was\">Cessna A-37B Dragonfly<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light attack<\/td>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>T-6C Texan II<\/td>\n<td>16 received.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/t-37-tweet\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph13\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/t-37-tweet\/\" class=\"was\">Cessna T-37B\/C Tweet<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Jet trainer and light attack<\/td>\n<td>14<\/td>\n<td>1968&ndash;2021<\/td>\n<td>T-6C Texan II<\/td>\n<td>4 T-37B and 10 T-37C.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/ov-10-bronco\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph14\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/ov-10-bronco\/\" class=\"was\">North American Rockwell OV-10A\/D Bronco<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Counter-insurgency<\/td>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<td>1991&ndash;2015<\/td>\n<td>A-29 Super Tucano<\/td>\n<td>12 OV-10A from the USAF in 1991 and three ex-USMC airframes for spares.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/a-26-invader\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/a-26-invader\/\" class=\"was\">Douglas B-26 (A-26) Invader<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light bomber<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/t-33-shooting-star\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph15\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/t-33-shooting-star\/\" class=\"was\">Lockheed T-33 Shooting Star<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Jet trainer<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>1954&ndash;1972<\/td>\n<td>Mirage 5<\/td>\n<td>Six in 1954.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-86-sabre\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph16\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-86-sabre\/\" class=\"was\">Canadair Sabre<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf1\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Canada\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Jet fighter<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>1956&ndash;1966<\/td>\n<td>Mirage 5<\/td>\n<td>Six; the mark is contested (Wikipedia&rsquo;s FAC article says Mk IV, the Canadair Sabre article lists them under the Mk 6).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/p-47-thunderbolt\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph17\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/p-47-thunderbolt\/\" class=\"was\">Republic P-47 Thunderbolt<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fighter-bomber<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1947&ndash;1957<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Curtiss Falcon (O-1 and F-8F)<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Observation and attack<\/td>\n<td>21<\/td>\n<td>1928&ndash;1943<\/td>\n<td>AT-6 Texan<\/td>\n<td>One O-1 before the war and 20 F-8F bought for it.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Caudron G.3, Caudron G.4 and Nieuport-Delage NiD 21<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>First military aircraft<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>1921&ndash;1922<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>3 G.3, 3 G.4 and 4 NiD 21.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Dassault Mirage 5COA\/COR\/COD<span class=\"nflag nf4\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in France\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fighter-bomber and reconnaissance<\/td>\n<td>18<\/td>\n<td>1972&ndash;<\/td>\n<td>Kfir C10\/C12<\/td>\n<td>14 5COA, two 5COR reconnaissance and two 5COD two-seaters.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb ph18\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Lockheed F-80 Shooting Star<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Jet fighter<\/td>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Sixteen delivered.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>North American AT-6 Texan<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Trainer and coastal patrol<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1943&ndash;<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Seversky P-35 (2PA Guardsman)<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>1936&ndash;<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Three bought in 1936.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Curtiss Hawk II (F11C)<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Fighter<\/td>\n<td>30<\/td>\n<td>1932&ndash;<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>30 ordered during the Leticia war.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Curtiss-Wright CW-14R Osprey<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Light attack<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Four in September 1932.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/junkers-ju-52\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"tthumb ph19\"><\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/junkers-ju-52\/\" class=\"was\">Junkers Ju 52\/3m<\/a><span class=\"nflag nf3\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Germany\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Bomber and transport<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>1932&ndash;<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Six bought in 1932&ndash;1933.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"tthumb none\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Junkers F 13, W 34 and K 43; Dornier Wal and Merkur<span class=\"nflag nf3\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Germany\"><\/span><\/td>\n<td>Transport, floatplane bombing and patrol<\/td>\n<td>17<\/td>\n<td>1932&ndash;<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>4 F 13, 4 W 34, 3 K 43, 4 Dornier Wal, 2 Dornier Merkur.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"bases\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Air bases<\/div>\n<h2>Where the Colombian Aerospace Force flies from<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Black pins are active bases, hollow pins the airfields that have closed. <span class=\"imp\">Palanquero, chosen during the Leticia crisis of 1932 because it lies in the middle of the country, has been the fighter base since the Sabres of the 1950s and is being rebuilt for the Gripen.<\/span> Palanquero, Apiay and Malambo were among the installations opened to US forces by the 2009 defence cooperation agreement, which the Constitutional Court held could not take effect without approval by Congress. Several commands share runways with civil airports, among them CATAM at El Dorado and Rionegro at Medell&#237;n&rsquo;s airport. Entries with no published aerodrome data carry no pin.<\/p>\n<div class=\"mapframe\">\n<div id=\"oobmap\" class=\"oobmap\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"legend\"><span><i class=\"dot\"><\/i> Active air base<\/span><span><i class=\"dot was\"><\/i> Closed or reserve<\/span><span>Click a pin to open the base page<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"basefind\" data-filter=\"#basetbl\" data-item=\"tbody tr\" data-noun=\"air bases\" placeholder=\"Search bases, department, units, aircrafts\" aria-label=\"Search bases, department, units, aircrafts\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"basefind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"basefind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"basetbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Base<\/th>\n<th>ICAO<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Runway<\/th>\n<th>Units and aircraft<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr id=\"base-apiay\" data-base=\"apiay\" data-x=\"active active Comando A&#233;reo de Combate No. 2, Colombian Aerospace Force API\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/apiay\/\">Apiay<small>Captain Luis F. G&#243;mez Ni&#241;o<\/small><\/a><span>Meta (Villavicencio)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>SKAP<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>10\/28<\/span>2,501 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 211 &lsquo;Grifos&rsquo;<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/a-29-super-tucano\/\">Embraer A-29B Super Tucano<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 212 &lsquo;Tucanos&rsquo;<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/emb-312-tucano\/\">Embraer AT-27 Tucano<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate T&#225;ctico 213<\/span>: <span>Basler BT-67 (AC-47T Fantasma), <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-60-black-hawk\/\">Sikorsky AH-60L Arp&#237;a IV<\/a>, CASA C-212-300, Cessna 208 Caravan, Schweizer SA2-37B, Cessna SR-560 Citation (surveillance)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Escuadr&#243;n 217 &lsquo;Quimera&rsquo;<\/span>: <span>Elbit Hermes 450 and Hermes 900<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span>Pilot training and early jet units<\/span>: <span>North American AT-6 Texan, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/t-34-mentor\/\">Beechcraft T-34 Mentor<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/a-26-invader\/\">Douglas B-26 Invader<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/t-33-shooting-star\/\">Lockheed T-33<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/t-37-tweet\/\">Cessna T-37<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-catam\" data-base=\"catam\" data-x=\"active active Comando A&#233;reo de Transporte Militar, Colombian Aerospace Force; the airport is civil BOG\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/catam\/\">CATAM, Bogot&#225;<small>Brigadier General Camilo Daza<\/small><\/a><span>Bogot&#225;, Capital District<\/span><\/td>\n<td>SKBO<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>14L\/32R<\/span>3,800 m<\/span><span><span>14R\/32L<\/span>3,800 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Grupo de Transporte A&#233;reo 81 (Escuadr&#243;n 811)<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/c-130-hercules\/\">Lockheed C-130B\/H Hercules<\/a>, Airbus C295, CASA CN-235, Boeing KC-767 MMTT &lsquo;J&#250;piter&rsquo;, Boeing 737<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Grupo de Vuelos Especiales 82<\/span>: <span>Boeing 737 BBJ, Learjet 60, Embraer Legacy 600<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Escuadr&#243;n 831<\/span>: <span>Beechcraft King Air 300\/350 (ELINT and reconnaissance)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-leticia\" data-base=\"leticia\" data-x=\"active active Grupo A&#233;reo del Amazonas, Colombian Aerospace Force LET\">\n<td>Leticia<small>Amazon Air Group<\/small><span>Amazonas (Leticia)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>SKLT<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>03\/21<\/span>2,010 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Escuadr&#243;n Aerot&#225;ctico 102<\/span>: <span>Cessna 208 Caravan, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/emb-312-tucano\/\">Embraer AT-27 Tucano<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\">Bell UH-1N<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-60-black-hawk\/\">Sikorsky UH-60A<\/a>, CASA C-212<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span>Amazon seaplane service<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/pby-catalina\/\">Consolidated PBY Catalina<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-madrid-caman\" data-base=\"madrid-caman\" data-x=\"active active Comando A&#233;reo de Mantenimiento, Colombian Aerospace Force \">\n<td>Madrid (CAMAN), Cundinamarca<span>Cundinamarca (Madrid)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Comando A&#233;reo de Mantenimiento (CAMAN)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Grupo de Transporte A&#233;reo 91<\/span>: <span>Beechcraft C90 King Air, CASA C-212-300<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Escuela de Suboficiales Capit&#225;n Andr&#233;s Mar&#237;a D&#237;az D&#237;az (ESUFA)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span>Colombian air arm in the war with Peru<\/span>: <span>Junkers, Curtiss and other types of the 1930s<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-malambo\" data-base=\"malambo\" data-x=\"active active Comando A&#233;reo de Combate No. 3, Colombian Aerospace Force BAQ\">\n<td>Malambo<small>Major General Alberto Pauwels Rodr&#237;guez<\/small><span>Atl&#225;ntico (Malambo, Barranquilla)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>SKBQ<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>05\/23<\/span>3,000 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 312 &lsquo;Drakos&rsquo;<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/a-29-super-tucano\/\">Embraer A-29B Super Tucano<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate T&#225;ctico 313<\/span>: <span>Bell 212, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\">Bell UH-1H Huey II<\/a>, Schweizer SA2-37B<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 311 &lsquo;Dragones&rsquo;<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/a-37-dragonfly\/\">Cessna A-37B Dragonfly<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span>Coastal patrol squadron<\/span>: <span>Curtiss Falcon F-8, North American AT-6 Texan<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-marandua\" data-base=\"marandua\" data-x=\"active active Grupo A&#233;reo del Oriente, Colombian Aerospace Force \">\n<td>Marand&#250;a<small>Eastern Air Group<\/small><span>Vichada (Marand&#250;a)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Escuadrilla de Combate T&#225;ctico 1113<\/span>: <span>Basler BT-67 (AC-47T Fantasma), Bell 212 Rapaz, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\">Bell UH-1H<\/a>, Boeing Insitu ScanEagle (UAV)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-cali-emavi\" data-base=\"cali-emavi\" data-x=\"active active Escuela Militar de Aviaci&#243;n Marco Fidel Su&#225;rez, Colombian Aerospace Force \">\n<td>Marco Fidel Su&#225;rez, Cali<small>Military Aviation School<\/small><span>Valle del Cauca (Cali)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>SKGB<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>06\/24<\/span>1,900 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Escuela Militar de Aviaci&#243;n Marco Fidel Su&#225;rez (EMAVI)<\/span>: <span>Cessna 172 Skyhawk<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-melgar\" data-base=\"melgar\" data-x=\"active active Comando A&#233;reo de Combate No. 4, Colombian Aerospace Force \">\n<td>Melgar<small>Lieutenant Colonel Luis F. Pinto Parra<\/small><span>Tolima (Melgar)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>SKME<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>05\/23<\/span>1,154 m<\/span><span><span>04\/22<\/span>402 m<span>concrete<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 411 &lsquo;Rapaz&rsquo;<\/span>: <span>Bell 212 Rapaz<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Escuadr&#243;n de Asalto A&#233;reo 412<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\">Bell UH-1H Huey II<\/a>, Cessna 208 Caravan<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Escuadrilla de Ataque 413 &lsquo;Escorpi&#243;n&rsquo;<\/span>: <span>MD 500E \/ MD 530MG<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Escuela Conjunta de Helic&#243;pteros (Joint Helicopter School)<\/span>: <span>Bell 206 \/ TH-67<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-palanquero\" data-base=\"palanquero\" data-x=\"active active Comando A&#233;reo de Combate No. 1, Colombian Aerospace Force PAL\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/palanquero\/\">Palanquero<small>Captain Germ&#225;n Olano Moreno<\/small><\/a><span>Cundinamarca (Puerto Salgar)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>SKPQ<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>18\/36<\/span>3,044 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 111 &lsquo;Dardos&rsquo; (Combat Squadron 111)<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/iai-kfir\/\">IAI Kfir C10\/C12<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate T&#225;ctico 113 &lsquo;Fantasma&rsquo;<\/span>: <span>Basler BT-67 (AC-47T Fantasma), Bell 212 Rapaz, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-60-black-hawk\/\">Sikorsky AH-60L Arp&#237;a IV<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 116<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/t-6-texan-ii\/\">Beechcraft T-6C Texan II<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/t-37-tweet\/\">Cessna T-37B\/C Tweet (retired 2021)<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span>Mirage 5 fighter unit<\/span>: <span>Dassault Mirage 5COA\/COR\/COD<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"was\"><span>Sabre and Invader units<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-86-sabre\/\">Canadair Sabre Mk 4<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/a-26-invader\/\">Douglas B-26 (A-26C) Invader<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-rionegro-cacom5\" data-base=\"rionegro-cacom5\" data-x=\"active active Comando A&#233;reo de Combate No. 5, Colombian Aerospace Force MDE\">\n<td>Rionegro<small>Brigadier General Arturo Lema Posada<\/small><span>Antioquia (Rionegro)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>SKRG<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>01\/19<\/span>3,557 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 511<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-60-black-hawk\/\">Sikorsky AH-60L Arp&#237;a IV<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Escuadr&#243;n 512<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-60-black-hawk\/\">Sikorsky AH-60L Arp&#237;a IV \/ UH-60<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Escuadr&#243;n 513<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-60-black-hawk\/\">Sikorsky UH-60A\/L Halc&#243;n<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-san-andres\" data-base=\"san-andres\" data-x=\"active active Grupo A&#233;reo del Caribe, Colombian Aerospace Force ADZ\">\n<td>San Andr&#233;s<small>Caribbean Air Group<\/small><span>San Andr&#233;s, Providencia and Santa Catalina<\/span><\/td>\n<td>SKSP<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>06\/24<\/span>2,375 m<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 101<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/a-29-super-tucano\/\">Embraer A-29 Super Tucano<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Escuadrilla de Combate T&#225;ctico 1013<\/span>: <span>Beechcraft C90 King Air, Cessna 208 Caravan<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr id=\"base-tres-esquinas\" data-base=\"tres-esquinas\" data-x=\"active active Comando A&#233;reo de Combate No. 6, Colombian Aerospace Force TQS\">\n<td>Tres Esquinas<small>Captain Ernesto Esguerra Cubides<\/small><span>Caquet&#225; (Solano)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>SKTQ<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span><span>07\/25<\/span>1,896 m<span>concrete<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 611<\/span>: <span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/emb-312-tucano\/\">Embraer AT-27 Tucano<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/a-29-super-tucano\/\">Embraer A-29B Super Tucano<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate T&#225;ctico 613<\/span>: <span>Basler BT-67 (AC-47T Fantasma), Bell 212, CASA C-212-300, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\">Bell UH-1H Huey II<\/a>, Boeing Insitu ScanEagle (UAV)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"basefind\">No air base matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"oob\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Order of battle<\/div>\n<h2>Who is stationed where in the Colombian Aerospace Force<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Flying units by base, current units first. <span class=\"imp\">Most Colombian squadrons take their first digit from their combat air command &mdash; 111 &lsquo;Dardos&rsquo; at CACOM 1, 211 &lsquo;Grifos&rsquo; at CACOM 2, 312 &lsquo;Drakos&rsquo; at CACOM 3, 411 &lsquo;Rapaz&rsquo; at CACOM 4, 511 to 513 at CACOM 5 and 611 at CACOM 6.<\/span> Former units such as the Mirage 5s and Sabres at Palanquero and the A-37s of Escuadr&#243;n 311 are marked as former. Where English and Spanish Wikipedia list different squadrons or aircraft, the entry says so.<\/p>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"unitfind\" data-filter=\"#oobwrap\" data-item=\".oob\" data-noun=\"installations\" placeholder=\"Search squadrons, wings, aircraft, bases\" aria-label=\"Search squadrons, wings, aircraft, bases\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"unitfind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"unitfind\"><\/span><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-toggleall=\"#oobwrap\">Expand all<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"oobwrap coll\" id=\"oobwrap\">\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Cundinamarca (Puerto Salgar) active Comando A&#233;reo de Combate No. 1, Colombian Aerospace Force\">\n<div><span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/palanquero\/\">Palanquero Air Base (Captain Germ&#225;n Olano Moreno Air Base)<\/a> &middot; SKPQ<\/span><em>Comando A&#233;reo de Combate No. 1, Colombian Aerospace Force<\/em><i><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 111 &lsquo;Dardos&rsquo; (Combat Squadron 111)<small>Dardos &middot; Fighter squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/iai-kfir\/\">IAI Kfir C10\/C12<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate T&#225;ctico 113 &lsquo;Fantasma&rsquo;<small>Fantasma &middot; Tactical combat squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Basler BT-67 (AC-47T Fantasma), Bell 212 Rapaz, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-60-black-hawk\/\">Sikorsky AH-60L Arp&#237;a IV<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 116<small>Advanced and lead-in training squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/t-6-texan-ii\/\">Beechcraft T-6C Texan II<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/t-37-tweet\/\">Cessna T-37B\/C Tweet (retired 2021)<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">Mirage 5 fighter unit<small>1972&ndash;<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Dassault Mirage 5COA\/COR\/COD<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">Sabre and Invader units<small>1955&ndash;<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Canadair Sabre Mk 4, Douglas B-26 (A-26C) Invader<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Meta (Villavicencio) active Comando A&#233;reo de Combate No. 2, Colombian Aerospace Force\">\n<div><span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/apiay\/\">Apiay Air Base (Captain Luis F. G&#243;mez Ni&#241;o Air Base)<\/a> &middot; SKAP<\/span><em>Comando A&#233;reo de Combate No. 2, Colombian Aerospace Force<\/em><i><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 211 &lsquo;Grifos&rsquo;<small>Grifos &middot; Light attack squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/a-29-super-tucano\/\">Embraer A-29B Super Tucano<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 212 &lsquo;Tucanos&rsquo;<small>Tucanos &middot; Light attack and training squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/emb-312-tucano\/\">Embraer AT-27 Tucano<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate T&#225;ctico 213<small>Tactical combat squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Basler BT-67 (AC-47T Fantasma), <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-60-black-hawk\/\">Sikorsky AH-60L Arp&#237;a IV<\/a>, CASA C-212-300, Cessna 208 Caravan, Schweizer SA2-37B, Cessna SR-560 Citation (surveillance)<\/dd>\n<dt>Escuadr&#243;n 217 &lsquo;Quimera&rsquo;<small>Quimera &middot; Unmanned aircraft squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Elbit Hermes 450 and Hermes 900<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">Pilot training and early jet units<small>1956&ndash;<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">North American AT-6 Texan, Beechcraft T-34 Mentor, Douglas B-26 Invader, Lockheed T-33, Cessna T-37<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Bogot&#225;, Capital District active Comando A&#233;reo de Transporte Militar, Colombian Aerospace Force; the airport is civil\">\n<div><span><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-bases\/catam\/\">CATAM, Bogot&#225; (Brigadier General Camilo Daza Air Base)<\/a> &middot; SKBO<\/span><em>Comando A&#233;reo de Transporte Militar, Colombian Aerospace Force; the airport is civil<\/em><i><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Grupo de Transporte A&#233;reo 81 (Escuadr&#243;n 811)<small>Strategic transport and tanker group &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/c-130-hercules\/\">Lockheed C-130B\/H Hercules<\/a>, Airbus C295, CASA CN-235, Boeing KC-767 MMTT &lsquo;J&#250;piter&rsquo;, Boeing 737<\/dd>\n<dt>Grupo de Vuelos Especiales 82<small>VIP and special flights group &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Boeing 737 BBJ, Learjet 60, Embraer Legacy 600<\/dd>\n<dt>Escuadr&#243;n 831<small>Intelligence and reconnaissance squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Beechcraft King Air 300\/350 (ELINT and reconnaissance)<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Atl&#225;ntico (Malambo, Barranquilla) active Comando A&#233;reo de Combate No. 3, Colombian Aerospace Force\">\n<div><span>Malambo (Major General Alberto Pauwels Rodr&#237;guez) &middot; SKBQ<\/span><em>Comando A&#233;reo de Combate No. 3, Colombian Aerospace Force<\/em><i><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 312 &lsquo;Drakos&rsquo;<small>Drakos &middot; Light attack squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/a-29-super-tucano\/\">Embraer A-29B Super Tucano<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate T&#225;ctico 313<small>Tactical combat squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Bell 212, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\">Bell UH-1H Huey II<\/a>, Schweizer SA2-37B<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 311 &lsquo;Dragones&rsquo;<\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Cessna A-37B Dragonfly<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">Coastal patrol squadron<small>1942&ndash;1945<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Curtiss Falcon F-8, North American AT-6 Texan<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Tolima (Melgar) active Comando A&#233;reo de Combate No. 4, Colombian Aerospace Force\">\n<div><span>Melgar (Lieutenant Colonel Luis F. Pinto Parra) &middot; SKME<\/span><em>Comando A&#233;reo de Combate No. 4, Colombian Aerospace Force<\/em><i><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 411 &lsquo;Rapaz&rsquo;<small>Rapaz &middot; Combat helicopter squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Bell 212 Rapaz<\/dd>\n<dt>Escuadr&#243;n de Asalto A&#233;reo 412<small>Air assault squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\">Bell UH-1H Huey II<\/a>, Cessna 208 Caravan<\/dd>\n<dt>Escuadrilla de Ataque 413 &lsquo;Escorpi&#243;n&rsquo;<small>Escorpi&#243;n &middot; Light attack helicopter flight &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>MD 500E \/ MD 530MG<\/dd>\n<dt>Escuela Conjunta de Helic&#243;pteros (Joint Helicopter School)<small>Helicopter training school &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Bell 206 \/ TH-67<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Antioquia (Rionegro) active Comando A&#233;reo de Combate No. 5, Colombian Aerospace Force\">\n<div><span>Rionegro (Brigadier General Arturo Lema Posada) &middot; SKRG<\/span><em>Comando A&#233;reo de Combate No. 5, Colombian Aerospace Force<\/em><i><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 511<small>Attack helicopter squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-60-black-hawk\/\">Sikorsky AH-60L Arp&#237;a IV<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Escuadr&#243;n 512<small>Attack and special operations helicopter squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-60-black-hawk\/\">Sikorsky AH-60L Arp&#237;a IV \/ UH-60<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Escuadr&#243;n 513<small>Utility helicopter squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-60-black-hawk\/\">Sikorsky UH-60A\/L Halc&#243;n<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Caquet&#225; (Solano) active Comando A&#233;reo de Combate No. 6, Colombian Aerospace Force\">\n<div><span>Tres Esquinas (Captain Ernesto Esguerra Cubides) &middot; SKTQ<\/span><em>Comando A&#233;reo de Combate No. 6, Colombian Aerospace Force<\/em><i><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 611<small>Light attack squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/emb-312-tucano\/\">Embraer AT-27 Tucano<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/a-29-super-tucano\/\">Embraer A-29B Super Tucano<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate T&#225;ctico 613<small>Tactical combat squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Basler BT-67 (AC-47T Fantasma), Bell 212, CASA C-212-300, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\">Bell UH-1H Huey II<\/a>, Boeing Insitu ScanEagle (UAV)<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Valle del Cauca (Cali) active Escuela Militar de Aviaci&#243;n Marco Fidel Su&#225;rez, Colombian Aerospace Force\">\n<div><span>Marco Fidel Su&#225;rez, Cali (Military Aviation School) &middot; SKGB<\/span><em>Escuela Militar de Aviaci&#243;n Marco Fidel Su&#225;rez, Colombian Aerospace Force<\/em><i><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Escuela Militar de Aviaci&#243;n Marco Fidel Su&#225;rez (EMAVI)<small>Officer cadet and flying school &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Cessna 172 Skyhawk<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Cundinamarca (Madrid) active Comando A&#233;reo de Mantenimiento, Colombian Aerospace Force\">\n<div><span>Madrid (CAMAN), Cundinamarca &middot; <\/span><em>Comando A&#233;reo de Mantenimiento, Colombian Aerospace Force<\/em><i><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Comando A&#233;reo de Mantenimiento (CAMAN)<small>Maintenance and upgrade command &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><\/dd>\n<dt>Grupo de Transporte A&#233;reo 91<small>Light transport group &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Beechcraft C90 King Air, CASA C-212-300<\/dd>\n<dt>Escuela de Suboficiales Capit&#225;n Andr&#233;s Mar&#237;a D&#237;az D&#237;az (ESUFA)<small>Non-commissioned officer school &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">Colombian air arm in the war with Peru<small>1924&ndash;1933<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Junkers, Curtiss and other types of the 1930s<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"San Andr&#233;s, Providencia and Santa Catalina active Grupo A&#233;reo del Caribe, Colombian Aerospace Force\">\n<div><span>San Andr&#233;s (Caribbean Air Group) &middot; SKSP<\/span><em>Grupo A&#233;reo del Caribe, Colombian Aerospace Force<\/em><i><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Escuadr&#243;n de Combate 101<small>Light attack squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/a-29-super-tucano\/\">Embraer A-29 Super Tucano<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Escuadrilla de Combate T&#225;ctico 1013<small>Tactical flight &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Beechcraft C90 King Air, Cessna 208 Caravan<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Vichada (Marand&#250;a) active Grupo A&#233;reo del Oriente, Colombian Aerospace Force\">\n<div><span>Marand&#250;a (Eastern Air Group) &middot; <\/span><em>Grupo A&#233;reo del Oriente, Colombian Aerospace Force<\/em><i><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Escuadrilla de Combate T&#225;ctico 1113<small>Tactical combat flight &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Basler BT-67 (AC-47T Fantasma), Bell 212 Rapaz, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\">Bell UH-1H<\/a>, Boeing Insitu ScanEagle (UAV)<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oob\" data-x=\"Amazonas (Leticia) active Grupo A&#233;reo del Amazonas, Colombian Aerospace Force\">\n<div><span>Leticia (Amazon Air Group) &middot; SKLT<\/span><em>Grupo A&#233;reo del Amazonas, Colombian Aerospace Force<\/em><i><\/i><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>Escuadr&#243;n Aerot&#225;ctico 102<small>Tactical air squadron &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd>Cessna 208 Caravan, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/emb-312-tucano\/\">Embraer AT-27 Tucano<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\">Bell UH-1N<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-60-black-hawk\/\">Sikorsky UH-60A<\/a>, CASA C-212<\/dd>\n<dt class=\"was\">Amazon seaplane service<\/dt>\n<dd class=\"was\">Consolidated PBY Catalina<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"unitfind\">No unit matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>Colombian Aerospace Force milestones, 1914 to today<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1919<\/div>\n<p>31 December: Law 126 authorises military aviation under President Marco Fidel Su&#225;rez.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1921<\/div>\n<p>15 February: the military aviation school opens at Flandes with a French mission; it closes in 1922.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1924<\/div>\n<p>8 November: the school reopens at Madrid, Cundinamarca, with Swiss support.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1932<\/div>\n<p>1 September: Peruvians seize Leticia; Colombia buys Junkers, Dorniers, Falcons and 30 Curtiss Hawk IIs.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1933<\/div>\n<p>14 February: air action over Tarapac&#225;. 26 March: eleven Colombian aircraft bomb G&#252;ep&#237;. 24 May: ceasefire.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1942<\/div>\n<p>23 June: a German submarine sinks the schooner Resolute near San Andr&#233;s; coastal patrols follow until 1945.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1954<\/div>\n<p>The jet age begins with six T-33s; Melgar becomes the first helicopter base. Six Sabres follow in 1956.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1962<\/div>\n<p>12 April: SATENA is created and placed under the air force.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1972<\/div>\n<p>Eighteen Mirage 5s arrive, Colombia&rsquo;s first supersonic fighters.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1989<\/div>\n<p>The first ex-Israeli Kfir C2s are delivered; twelve plus one TC2 by 1990.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1991<\/div>\n<p>Twelve OV-10A Broncos are transferred by the USAF; the DC-3 gunships are re-engined.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2006<\/div>\n<p>14 December: the first three Super Tucanos land at CATAM. 18 January 2007: first combat mission of the type.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2008<\/div>\n<p>1 March: the strike on Ra&#250;l Reyes&rsquo; camp at Angostura in Ecuador; Ecuador breaks relations on 3 March.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2010<\/div>\n<p>November: the KC-767 tanker J&#250;piter is delivered.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2016<\/div>\n<p>24 August: final peace accord with the FARC; a revised agreement is approved by Congress in November.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2023<\/div>\n<p>Law 2302 renames the service Fuerza Aeroespacial Colombiana; the Constitutional Court strikes it down in 2024 and a constitutional reform adopts it in November 2024.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2025<\/div>\n<p>April: Petro announces the Gripen and the Kfir&rsquo;s retirement. 12 November: air strike in Guaviare kills 19. 13&ndash;15 November: Gripen contract for 17 aircraft.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2026<\/div>\n<p>23 March: C-130H crash at Puerto Legu&#237;zamo. 21 August: return to the name Fuerza A&#233;rea Colombiana announced. August&ndash;September: strikes resume and courts set conditions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"combat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Combat record<\/div>\n<h2>Every war the Colombian Aerospace Force has fought<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Sorties and losses where the record gives them, and an honest blank where it does not.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip dark\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>6<\/b><span>conflicts<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1932<\/b><span>First<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>4<\/b><span>Aircraft lost<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>9<\/b><span>Killed<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"gl cml\">\n<li><b>Colombia&ndash;Peru War<\/b> <span class=\"de\">1932&ndash;1933<\/span> Built an air arm almost from nothing to support river flotillas and bomb Peruvian garrisons<\/li>\n<li><b>Second World War coastal patrols<\/b> <span class=\"de\">1941&ndash;1945<\/span> Patrolled the Caribbean coast after Colombia broke with the Axis; no combat with enemy forces is recorded<\/li>\n<li><b>Internal armed conflict<\/b> <span class=\"de\">1964&ndash;<\/span> Close air support, bombing of guerrilla camps, night gunship work, helicopter assault, transport and surveillance<\/li>\n<li><b>Operation Phoenix<\/b> <span class=\"de\">2008<\/span> Bombed the FARC camp of Ra&#250;l Reyes about 1<\/li>\n<li><b>Air Bridge Denial and drug-flight interdiction<\/b> <span class=\"de\">2003&ndash;<\/span> Intercepts suspect aircraft, forces them to land and, under the programme&rsquo;s rules, may use force against those that refuse<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a class=\"cbig\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/colombian-aerospace-force\/combat-record\/\">Open the full combat record<\/a><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"teams\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Display teams<\/div>\n<h2>The Colombian Aerospace Force display team<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Each team has its own page: history, aircraft, the display, the accidents and the sources.<\/p>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/display-teams\/arpia-51\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Helicopter display team &middot; Active<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Arp&#237;a 51<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Colombia&rsquo;s attack-helicopter display team flies stripped-down AH-60L Arp&#237;a Black Hawks through loops and vertical manoeuvres rarely seen with the type&hellip;<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Arp&#237;a 51 page<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"makers\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The manufacturers<\/div>\n<h2>Who built the Colombian Aerospace Force fleet<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every company behind the aircraft on this page has its own page: the story, every type it built, the numbers and the other air forces that fly them.<\/p>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3>Current fleet and orders<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/embraer\/\">Embraer<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/beechcraft\/\">Beechcraft<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/bell\/\">Bell<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/cessna\/\">Cessna<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/boeing\/\">Boeing<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/casa\/\">CASA<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/airbus\/\">Airbus<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/basler\/\">Basler Turbo Conversions<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/elbit\/\">Elbit Systems<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/iai\/\">Israel Aerospace Industries<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/lockheed\/\">Lockheed<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/md-helicopters\/\">MD Helicopters<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/saab\/\">Saab<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/sikorsky\/\">Sikorsky<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>Former fleet<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/curtiss\/\" class=\"was\">Curtiss<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/junkers\/\" class=\"was\">Junkers<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/canadair\/\" class=\"was\">Canadair<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/caudron\/\" class=\"was\">Caudron<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/curtiss-wright\/\" class=\"was\">Curtiss-Wright<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/dassault\/\" class=\"was\">Dassault Aviation<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/dornier\/\" class=\"was\">Dornier<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/douglas\/\" class=\"was\">Douglas<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/nieuport\/\" class=\"was\">Nieuport<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/north-american-aviation\/\" class=\"was\">North American Aviation<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/republic\/\" class=\"was\">Republic Aviation<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/rockwell\/\" class=\"was\">Rockwell International<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/seversky\/\" class=\"was\">Seversky<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about the Colombian Aerospace Force<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>What is the Colombian Aerospace Force called in Spanish, and is it the air force again?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Its constitutional name since November 2024 is Fuerza Aeroespacial Colombiana; Law 2302 of 2023 first made the change, the Constitutional Court struck that law down in 2024, and Congress then wrote the name into the Constitution. On 21 August 2026 the government of Abelardo de la Espriella announced a return to the historic name Fuerza A&#233;rea Colombiana (FAC), according to Infodefensa, and the press now uses it. The English Wikipedia article is still titled Colombian Aerospace Force, which is why this page uses that name.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>When was the Colombian Air Force founded?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Law 126 of 31 December 1919 created military aviation, and the first school opened at Flandes with a French mission on 15 February 1921. It closed in 1922 and reopened at Madrid, near Bogot&#225;, on 8 November 1924. The service became the Fuerza A&#233;rea Colombiana after the Second World War.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What fighter jets does Colombia fly?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Its only fighter is the <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/iai-kfir\/\">IAI Kfir<\/a> in C10\/C12 form; Infodefensa counted 11 in November 2025, eight of them on the flight line. Seventeen <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/saab-gripen\/\">Saab Gripen E\/F<\/a> were ordered on 13&ndash;15 November 2025, with deliveries from 2026 to 2032.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Why did Colombia choose the Gripen?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">President Gustavo Petro announced the choice in April 2025. Infodefensa reported that the Gripen was the most expensive of the three bids, ahead of the F-16 Block 70 and the Rafale, at about US$4.36 billion. The contract signed in November 2025 includes weapons, training, support and two offset agreements; Saab puts it at EUR 3.1 billion.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Has the Kfir been retired?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Not yet. Petro announced its retirement in April 2025 and the first aircraft was withdrawn in May 2025, but Kfirs were still flying armed patrols over the Caribbean coast in November 2025 and in September 2026. They will stay until enough Gripens arrive.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What happened in the Colombia&ndash;Peru war of 1932&ndash;1933?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Peruvians seized Leticia on 1 September 1932 and Colombia bought an air force in months, much of it flown by German pilots from the SCADTA airline. Colombian aircraft fought at Tarapac&#225; and bombed G&#252;ep&#237; in 1933 before a ceasefire in May 1933; the 1934 Rio Protocol confirmed Leticia as Colombian. Each side&rsquo;s air-combat claims differ.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Did the Colombian Air Force fight in Korea?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">No. Colombia sent an infantry battalion and three frigates to the Korean War from 1951, but the sources checked record no Colombian air force unit, aircraft or pilot there.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What was Operation Phoenix?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The bombing on 1 March 2008 of the FARC camp of Ra&#250;l Reyes at Angostura, about 1.8 km inside Ecuador, followed by a helicopter-borne assault. Colombia called it a strike against terrorists who did not respect borders; Ecuador called it a violation of its sovereignty and broke relations on 3 March. Reyes and about 20 others were killed, including, according to Spanish Wikipedia, four Mexican students.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is the AC-47 &lsquo;Fantasma&rsquo;?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">A turboprop Basler conversion of the DC-3 armed with GAU-19 heavy machine guns and a FLIR sensor, used for night close support. Infodefensa says the FAC has flown such gunships since 1986 and has six; Wikipedia notes they are not variants of the Vietnam-era <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/ac-47-spooky\/\">AC-47 Spooky<\/a>.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What caused the Hercules crash of March 2026?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">C-130H FAC 1016 crashed on take-off at Puerto Legu&#237;zamo on 23 March 2026, killing 69 (Wikipedia) or 70 (Infodefensa) people. President Petro blamed the aircraft&rsquo;s age; the air force said it had been properly maintained, and Infodefensa reported that the investigation pointed to a take-off performance error.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the Colombian Aerospace Force called in Spanish, and is it the air force again?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Its constitutional name since November 2024 is Fuerza Aeroespacial Colombiana; Law 2302 of 2023 first made the change, the Constitutional Court struck that law down in 2024, and Congress then wrote the name into the Constitution. On 21 August 2026 the government of Abelardo de la Espriella announced a return to the historic name Fuerza A\\u00e9rea Colombiana (FAC), according to Infodefensa, and the press now uses it. 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President Petro blamed the aircraft\\u2019s age; the air force said it had been properly maintained, and Infodefensa reported that the investigation pointed to a take-off performance error.\"}}]}<\/script><hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"gallery\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Read the aircraft the Colombian Aerospace Force flew<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">Every type with a page in the Book of Beasts, in service first, then by the year it left the fleet.<\/p>\n<div class=\"acgrid\"><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/iai-kfir\/\"><span class=\"im none\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>IAI Kfir C10\/C12 COA<span class=\"nflag nf6\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Israel\"><\/span><\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/a-29-super-tucano\/\"><span class=\"im none\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Embraer A-29 (EMB 314) Super Tucano<span class=\"nflag nf9\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Brazil\"><\/span><\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/c-130-hercules\/\"><span class=\"im none\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Lockheed C-130B\/H Hercules<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-60-black-hawk\/\"><span class=\"im ph7\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Sikorsky UH-60L\/AH-60L Black Hawk and Arp&#237;a<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-1-huey\/\"><span class=\"im ph8\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Bell UH-1H\/Huey II<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/emb-312-tucano\/\"><span class=\"im none\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Embraer T-27 (EMB 312) Tucano<span class=\"nflag nf9\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Brazil\"><\/span><\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/t-6-texan-ii\/\"><span class=\"im ph12\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Beechcraft T-6C Texan II<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/b><em>In service<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/junkers-ju-52\/\"><span class=\"im ph19\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Junkers Ju 52\/3m<span class=\"nflag nf3\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Germany\"><\/span><\/b><em>1932&ndash;<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/a-37-dragonfly\/\"><span class=\"im none\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Cessna A-37B Dragonfly<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/t-37-tweet\/\"><span class=\"im ph13\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Cessna T-37B\/C Tweet<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/b><em>1968&ndash;2021<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/ov-10-bronco\/\"><span class=\"im ph14\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>North American Rockwell OV-10A\/D Bronco<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/b><em>1991&ndash;2015<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/a-26-invader\/\"><span class=\"im none\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Douglas B-26 (A-26) Invader<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/t-33-shooting-star\/\"><span class=\"im ph15\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Lockheed T-33 Shooting Star<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/b><em>1954&ndash;1972<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/f-86-sabre\/\"><span class=\"im ph16\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Canadair Sabre<span class=\"nflag nf1\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in Canada\"><\/span><\/b><em>1956&ndash;1966<\/em><\/span><\/a><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/p-47-thunderbolt\/\"><span class=\"im ph17\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>Republic P-47 Thunderbolt<span class=\"nflag nf8\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Built in the United States\"><\/span><\/b><em>1947&ndash;1957<\/em><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/5990663\/140-colombia-colombia-devuelve-fuerza-aerea-denominacion-historica\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa: Colombia devuelve a su Fuerza A&#233;rea su denominaci&#243;n hist&#243;rica (25 August 2026)<\/a><span>Law 2302 of 2023 renamed the service; Constitutional Court struck it down in 2024; constitutional reform of November 2024; government of Abelardo de la Espriella announced the return to Fuerza A&#233;rea Colombiana on 21 August 2026.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/5988754\/139-colombia-colombia-define-nueva-cupula-fuerzas-militares\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa: Colombia define la nueva c&#250;pula de sus Fuerzas Militares (August 2026)<\/a><span>Maj. Gen. Juan Mart&#237;nez Ossa named air force commander, Maj. Gen. Juan Mosquera Due&#241;as deputy; Maj. Gen. Erick Rodr&#237;guez Aparicio commander of the Military Forces.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/6024705\/185-colombia-espriella-ordena-patrullas-kfir-sobre-norte-pais-paro-armado-acsn\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa: Colombia despliega cazas Kfir en el norte del pa&#237;s tras el paro armado de las ACSN (23 September 2026)<\/a><span>Kfir C10\/C12 patrols over Santa Marta ordered by President De La Espriella.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/5669545\/159-colombia-kfir-armados-misiles-israelies-patrullan-norte-colombia\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa: Aviones de combate Kfir, armados con misiles israel&#237;es, patrullan el norte de Colombia (23 November 2025)<\/a><span>11 Kfir (8 on the flight line, 3 in maintenance), 27 J79 engines; Derby and Python 5 missiles; patrols during the CELAC summit.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/5667674\/156-colombia-colombiafirma-saab-compra-17-aviones-gripen-e\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa: Colombia firma con Saab la compra de 17 aviones Gripen E (November 2025)<\/a><span>Signed 13 November 2025, ceremony 14 November; US$4.402 billion; replaces the Kfir C10\/C12; infrastructure included; CONPES 4155 and Decree 1001 of 2025.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/5470952\/145-colombia\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa: Colombia pagar&#225; 4.300 millones de d&#243;lares por la compra de sus 16 aviones Gripen (20 October 2025)<\/a><span>Announcement by defence minister Pedro S&#225;nchez; 16 aircraft for 16.8 trillion pesos; reported competing bids for Rafale F3 and F-16 Block 70.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/5752821\/019-colombia-colombia-invertira-91-millones-dolares-infraestructura-futura-operacion-gripen\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa: Colombia invertir&#225; 91 millones de d&#243;lares en infraestructura para la futura operaci&#243;n de sus Gripen (31 January 2026)<\/a><span>US$91 million of works at CACOM 1 Palanquero, due 30 November 2028.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/6017933\/175-colombia\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa: Colombia buscar&#225; incorporar el sistema de reconocimiento RecceLite a sus Gripen E\/F (September 2026)<\/a><span>New government seeks eight or nine RecceLite XR pods that the previous government had excluded.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.saab.com\/newsroom\/press-releases\/2025\/saab-signs-contract-for-gripen-ef-with-colombia\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Saab: Saab signs contract for Gripen E\/F with Colombia (15 November 2025)<\/a><span>15 Gripen E and 2 Gripen F; EUR 3.1 billion; deliveries 2026&ndash;2032; weapons, training and support included.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/5973438\/124-colombia-colombia-firma-esta-primera-semana-agosto-compra-kc-390-millennium-us366-millones\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa: Colombia prev&#233; firmar esta semana la compra de dos KC-390 por 366,4 millones de d&#243;lares (3 August 2026)<\/a><span>Two KC-390, US$366.43 million, deliveries by 30 December 2030; first with air-to-air refuelling.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/5951217\/110-colombia\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa: El presidente de Colombia ordena cerrar la compra de dos KC-390 de Embraer para la FAC (14 July 2026)<\/a><span>Petro orders the purchase closed; C-130J and A400M had been evaluated.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/5856340\/069-colombia-error-humano-causa-accidente-avion-hercules-colombiano\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa: El reciente accidente del avi&#243;n C-130 habr&#237;a ocurrido por error humano (2026)<\/a><span>C-130H FAC 1016 crash at Puerto Legu&#237;zamo, 23 March 2026; 70 dead and 57 injured as reported; probable cause reported as a take-off performance error.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/5822671\/050-colombia-fuerza-aerea-colombiana-desmiente-version-petro-sobre-avion-hercules\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa: La FAC desmiente la versi&#243;n del presidente Petro sobre la causa principal del accidente del Hercules (March 2026)<\/a><span>Petro called the aircraft scrap; commander Gen. Carlos Silva cited maintenance in 2021, 2023 and 2024; FAC 1016 built 1983, in Colombian service since 2020.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/5934237\/103-colombia-chatarra-heroes-hercules-petro-llevan-ayuda-venezuela\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa: Dos C-130 Hercules de la Fuerza Aeroespacial Colombiana arriban a Venezuela transportando rescatistas (27 June 2026)<\/a><span>Two C-130H flew 63 rescuers and over 12 tonnes of aid to Maiquet&#237;a after earthquakes in Venezuela.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/5479067\/152-colombia-colombia-despliega-ac-47t-fantasma-contra-disidencias-farc\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa: Colombia despliega un AC-47T &lsquo;Fantasma&rsquo; contra las disidencias de las FARC (1 November 2025)<\/a><span>Six AC-47 gunships since 1986, re-engined in 1991; GAU-19A guns and FLIR; close support against FARC dissidents in Cauca.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/6004071\/159-colombia-colombia-proyecta-ampliar-18-helicopteros-flota-arpia-iv\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa: Colombia proyecta ampliar a 18 helic&#243;pteros su flota de Arp&#237;a IV (5 September 2026)<\/a><span>Ten Arp&#237;a IV in service; plan for 18; Spike NLOS, ER and LR missiles.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/texto-diario\/mostrar\/5720628\/005-colombia-colombia-completa-inventario-16-entrenadores-cessna-172\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa: La Fuerza Aeroespacial de Colombia completa un inventario de 16 entrenadores Cessna 172 (7 January 2026)<\/a><span>16 Cessna 172 (FAC2470&ndash;FAC2485) with Primary Flight Squadron 111 at EMAVI.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infodefensa.com\/colombia-aire.php\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Infodefensa: Colombia &mdash; Aire (section index, pages 1&ndash;4, consulted 1 October 2026)<\/a><span>Headlines only: ERJ-145 for VIP transport; L-410 NG proposed to replace the C-212; electronic-warfare fit of two Boeing 737s completed in Switzerland; Cessna 172 additions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eltiempo.com\/justicia\/conflicto-y-narcotrafico\/primicia-juez-levanta-suspension-de-bombardeos-y-aclara-los-criterios-para-realizar-las-operaciones-aereas-cuando-haya-menores-reclutados-3586598\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">El Tiempo: Juez levanta suspensi&#243;n de bombardeos y aclara los criterios&hellip; (16 September 2026)<\/a><span>Bogot&#225; Family Court 34 lifts its suspension with an enhanced-precaution standard; August 2026 strikes and minors killed per the Ombudsman and Medicina Legal.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eltiempo.com\/justicia\/cortes\/la-batalla-judicial-por-los-bombardeos-cambia-de-escenario-expediente-del-guaviare-llega-a-bogota-3584699\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">El Tiempo: La batalla judicial por los bombardeos cambia de escenario (9 September 2026)<\/a><span>Strikes of August 2026 in Catatumbo and Guaviare; at least six minors killed per Medicina Legal; tutelas consolidated 7 September 2026.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eltiempo.com\/justicia\/conflicto-y-narcotrafico\/mindefensa-defiende-los-bombardeos-tenemos-que-atacar-con-todas-las-capacidades-3586561\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">El Tiempo: Mindefensa defiende los bombardeos (16 September 2026)<\/a><span>Defence minister Jorge Mora defends air strikes; armed groups estimated at about 29,000 members.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eltiempo.com\/noticias\/bombardeos\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">El Tiempo: Bombardeos (topic index, consulted 1 October 2026)<\/a><span>Headlines: a third tutela suspending strikes in Cauca where minors or civilians are present (10 September 2026); the government appealed the ruling (21 September 2026).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.corteconstitucional.gov.co\/relatoria\/autos\/2010\/a288-10.htm\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Corte Constitucional de Colombia, Auto 288 de 2010 (17 August 2010), expedientes D-7964 and D-7965<\/a><span>The 30 October 2009 US-Colombia agreement lists Palanquero, Malambo, Apiay, Tolemaida, Larandia, Cartagena and Bah&#237;a M&#225;laga; held to be a treaty that cannot take effect without congressional approval.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.everycrsreport.com\/reports\/RL32250.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Congressional Research Service, Colombia: Background, U.S. Relations, and Congressional Interest (RL32250, 28 November 2012)<\/a><span>October 2009 base agreement let US troops use seven facilities and &ldquo;further inflamed&rdquo; President Ch&#225;vez.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/aviation-safety.net\/database\/record.php?id=20090218-0\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Aviation Safety Network: Basler BT-67 FAC-1670, 18 February 2009<\/a><span>Training flight from Palanquero; crashed about 8 km from the base; five crew killed.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Figures verified 2026-10-01. Order of Battle pages are regenerated from a single dataset; if a number here disagrees with a Book of Beasts page, this page is the more recent of the two.<\/p>\n<p class=\"verified\">Photographs: Photo: Jakub Ha&#322;un \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Ministerio de Defensa del Per&#250; \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 2.0) &middot; Photo: Tony Hisgett from Birmingham, UK \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 2.0) &middot; Photo: Markus Eigenheer from Gen&#232;ve \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0) &middot; Photo: Aeroprints.com \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0) &middot; Photo: U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Lolita Lewis \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: Neoreich (talk) \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0) &middot; Photo: Hans Hillewaert \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photo: Staff Sgt. Jared Duhon \/ Wikimedia Commons (Public domain) &middot; Photo: Mfield &#8211; Matthew Field, http:\/\/www.photography.mattfield.com \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 2.5) &middot; Photo: Matti Blume \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) &middot; Photos: US Air Force \/ Wikimedia Commons (public domain) &middot; Photo: Clemens Vasters from Viersen, Germany, Germany \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 2.0)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .ph1{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/w16-co-t-824.jpg)!important}#mfam .ph2{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/w16-co-t-825.jpg)!important}#mfam 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