{"id":32324,"date":"2026-10-08T14:22:44","date_gmt":"2026-10-08T12:22:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/?page_id=32324"},"modified":"2026-10-08T18:23:10","modified_gmt":"2026-10-08T16:23:10","slug":"hal","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/migflug.com\/ru\/aircraft-manufacturers\/hal\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0425\u0410\u041b"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>body.page-id-32324 h1.entry-title.main_title{display:none} body.page-id-32324 #main-content .container{padding-top:0} body.page-id-32324 #left-area{padding-bottom:0} body.page-id-32324{overflow-x:hidden} body.page-id-32324 #sidebar{display:none} body.page-id-32324 #left-area{width:100%!important;float:none;padding:0} body.page-id-32324 #main-content .container::before{display:none!important;background:none!important} html{overflow-x:hidden} #mfam{width:100vw;margin-left:calc(50% - 50vw);background:#fff;color:#14181f;line-height:1.7;font-family:'Gilroy 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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}#mfam .mlogo{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:#fff;padding:10px 16px;height:68px;margin:0 0 18px;border:1px solid #e2e7ee}#mfam .mlogo .li{display:block;background:center\/contain no-repeat}#mfam .mlogo.sm{position:absolute;left:14px;top:96px;height:52px;padding:6px 10px;margin:0}#mfam .mlogo.sm img{max-height:38px;max-width:120px}#mfam .mlogo.xs{height:28px;padding:2px 6px;margin:0 10px 0 0;vertical-align:middle;border:0;background:transparent}#mfam .mlogo.xs img{max-height:24px;max-width:72px}#mfam .mrel{position:relative;padding-top:0}#mfam .mrel .mim{display:block;height:130px;margin:-26px -26px 44px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat}#mfam a.mname{display:inline-flex;align-items:center}#mfam span.acard{cursor:default}#mfam .pcred{font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin:10px 0 28px;line-height:1.5}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero photo\">\n<div class=\"heroimg ph1\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/\">Aircraft manufacturers<\/a> &middot; India<\/div>\n<h1>HAL<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">Hindustan Aeronautics Limited &middot; Hindustan Aircraft Limited (1940&ndash;1964)<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">Founded by a shipping tycoon on cobra-infested scrubland in Bangalore, HAL hired the man who designed the Fw 190, built 840 MiG-21s and gave India its own fighters, helicopters and a habit of running late.<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1940<\/b><span>Founded<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>Active<\/b><span>Status<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>17<\/b><span>Aircraft on record<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>13<\/b><span>Air forces flying its types<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"photocred\">Photo: Shadman Samee from Dhaka, Bangladesh \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0)<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Country<\/b>India<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Founded<\/b>1940-12-23<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Founders<\/b>Walchand Hirachand, William Pawley, Kingdom of Mysore<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Headquarters<\/b>Bengaluru, Karnataka<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Owner<\/b>Government of India (about 71 per cent)<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Status<\/b>Active<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>HAL: the company and the aircraft that made its name<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Cobras, termites and a shipping magnate<\/h3>\n<p>In December 1940 workers in Bangalore began clearing scrubland east of the cantonment for an aerodrome. They had to deal with hundreds of termite nests and cobras first. The man behind the project was Walchand Hirachand, an industrialist who had already founded India&rsquo;s first modern shipping line and would go on to build its first shipyard and first car factory. He had found an American partner, William Pawley, won permission from the British War Cabinet, and persuaded the princely state of Mysore to put up money and 700 of the site&rsquo;s 2,100 acres. Hindustan Aircraft Limited was established on 23 December 1940. Within months <span class=\"imp\">its first aircraft, a Harlow PC-5A trainer<\/span>, took off, and licence production of the Curtiss Hawk and Vultee Vengeance followed.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">An American repair shop in Mysore<\/h3>\n<p>The war soon took the factory away from its founders. After Japan entered the conflict the Government of India took over HAL in April 1942, and that same month Japanese bombers hit Pawley&rsquo;s other aircraft factory at Loiwing on the Chinese&ndash;Burmese border, sending its equipment to Bangalore. From September 1943 the United States Army Air Forces ran the plant as a repair and overhaul base. Dakotas, Mitchells and Liberators passed through, Catalinas were test-flown off Bellandur Lake, and <span class=\"imp\">the flags of Britain, the United States and Mysore<\/span> flew at the gate. India took the factory back in December 1945. Its first home-grown design, the HT-2 trainer, flew on 5 August 1951 and replaced the Tiger Moth; 172 were built.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">The designer of the Fw 190 comes to Bangalore<\/h3>\n<p>India&rsquo;s first jet fighter was designed by a German. Kurt Tank had led Focke-Wulf&rsquo;s design office from 1931 to 1945 and created the Fw 190; after the war he had worked in Argentina under the name Pedro Matthies. In 1956 HAL began work on a supersonic fighter under his leadership, and the HF-24 Marut flew in 1961. It never got the engine it was designed around. Fitted with the same un-reheated Orpheus turbojets as the Gnats HAL was building under licence, <span class=\"imp\">it could barely reach Mach 1<\/span>, and after India&rsquo;s 1974 nuclear test even spares grew scarce. Only 147 were built. Yet in December 1971 Maruts and Hunters broke up a Pakistani armoured thrust at the Battle of Longewala, flying more than 300 sorties in two weeks.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Licences by the hundred<\/h3>\n<p>For most of its life HAL has been India&rsquo;s licence-builder in chief. Hindustan Aircraft became Hindustan Aeronautics on 1 October 1964, when it merged with the Kanpur depot building the HS 748 and the new organisation set up to build the MiG-21, with factories at Nashik, Koraput and Hyderabad. <span class=\"imp\">India built 840 MiG-21s<\/span>, the largest production outside the Soviet Union, and the type served until 26 September 2025. HAL also built Gnats and turned them into the Ajeet, then MiG-27s, Jaguars, Dornier 228s, Hawks and, from the 2000s, 222 Sukhoi Su-30MKIs assembled at Nashik. The Kiran jet trainer, first flown in 1964, trained generations of Indian pilots; 190 were built.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Helicopters for the roof of the world<\/h3>\n<p>Helicopters became HAL&rsquo;s second identity. It licence-built the French Alouette III and Lama as the Chetak and Cheetah, then designed its own. The Dhruv Advanced Light Helicopter first flew on 20 August 1992 and more than 400 had been built by January 2024, though <span class=\"imp\">the fleet has been grounded several times<\/span> after crashes, including in 2005 over tail-rotor vibration. The Kargil War of 1999 showed India needed an attack helicopter that could fight at extreme altitude; the answer was the Prachand Light Combat Helicopter, first flown on 29 March 2010 and inducted in October 2022. In 2025 HAL signed a contract worth 62,777 crore rupees for 156 more. In February 2023 a new helicopter factory at Tumakuru, described as India&rsquo;s largest, was opened.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">Tejas: thirty years in the making<\/h3>\n<p>The Tejas light fighter is the programme that defines modern HAL. Designed by the Aeronautical Development Agency with HAL as manufacturer, it first flew on 4 January 2001 and entered service on 17 January 2015 &mdash; and the last aircraft of its first two orders, placed in 2006 and 2010, were delivered only in September 2026. India&rsquo;s own Kaveri engine never arrived, so the Tejas flies on American GE F404s, and slow engine deliveries have held back the improved Mk 1A, of which 180 have been ordered or cleared for purchase. On 21 November 2025 <span class=\"imp\">an Indian Air Force Tejas crashed during a display<\/span> at the Dubai Airshow, killing its pilot. A larger Tejas Mk 2 and the stealthy AMCA are in development.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"sh\">A Maharatna with a full order book<\/h3>\n<p>HAL today is one of the largest aerospace companies in Asia: 11 research centres and 21 manufacturing divisions, about 24,500 employees, and its own airport in Bengaluru, which was the city&rsquo;s only airport until 2008. In October 2024 the government granted it Maharatna status, giving it more financial autonomy. For the 2024&ndash;25 year it reported revenue from operations of about 30,400 crore rupees and <span class=\"imp\">an order book of 184,000 crore rupees<\/span>. It also builds rocket stages for ISRO, which in 2025 transferred the entire Small Satellite Launch Vehicle to HAL, and parts for Airbus, Boeing and Safran&rsquo;s LEAP engine.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"pull\">Founded by a shipping tycoon on cobra-infested scrubland in Bangalore, HAL hired the man who designed the Fw 190, built 840 MiG-21s and gave India its own fighters, helicopters and a habit of running late.<cite>HAL &middot; verified 2026-10-03<\/cite><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>HAL in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>The company<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>In short<\/dt>\n<dd>Founded 1940<\/p>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>Established on 23 December 1940 in Bangalore by Walchand Hirachand with William Pawley and the Kingdom of Mysore<\/li>\n<li>Taken over by the Government of India in 1942; run by the USAAF as a repair base from 1943 to 1945<\/li>\n<li>Became Hindustan Aeronautics Limited on 1 October 1964<\/li>\n<li>Maharatna public-sector company since October 2024<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Production<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Best known for<\/dt>\n<dd>Marut, Tejas, Dhruv, Prachand<\/p>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>First Indian-designed jet fighter: HF-24 Marut, 147 built<\/li>\n<li>Licence production: 840 MiG-21s, 222 Su-30MKIs, Gnat, MiG-27, Jaguar, Hawk, Dornier 228<\/li>\n<li>Own helicopters: Dhruv (400+), Rudra, Prachand, Light Utility Helicopter<\/li>\n<li>Trainers: HT-2, Kiran, HPT-32, HTT-40<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Today<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Now<\/dt>\n<dd>Government-owned<\/p>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>About 24,500 employees<\/li>\n<li>Revenue from operations about 30,400 crore rupees (2024&ndash;25, provisional)<\/li>\n<li>Building Tejas Mk 1A, Su-30MKI, Prachand, Dhruv and HTT-40<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"gnote\">Revenue figures differ between provisional standalone results and consolidated annual figures.<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>The numbers<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Employees<\/dt>\n<dd>24,457<span class=\"gnote\">2023<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Revenue from operations (provisional)<\/dt>\n<dd>about 30,400 crore rupees<span class=\"gnote\">2024&ndash;25<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Revenue (consolidated, per Wikipedia infobox)<\/dt>\n<dd>33,542 crore rupees<span class=\"gnote\">2025<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Net income<\/dt>\n<dd>8,364 crore rupees<span class=\"gnote\">2025<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Order book<\/dt>\n<dd>about 184,000 crore rupees<span class=\"gnote\">2025<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Research and development centres<\/dt>\n<dd>11<\/dd>\n<dt>Manufacturing divisions<\/dt>\n<dd>21 across four production units<\/dd>\n<dt>Government shareholding<\/dt>\n<dd>about 71 per cent<\/dd>\n<dt>MiG-21s built in India<\/dt>\n<dd>840<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"fleet\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The aircraft<\/div>\n<h2>Every notable HAL aircraft<\/h2>\n<div class=\"acgrid\"><span class=\"acard\"><span class=\"im ph2\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>HAL HT-2<\/b><em>Primary trainer &middot; first flight 1951 &middot; 172 built<\/em><\/span><\/span><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hf-24-marut\/\"><span class=\"im ph3\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>HAL HF-24 Marut<\/b><em>Fighter-bomber &middot; first flight 1961 &middot; 147 built<\/em><\/span><\/a><span class=\"acard\"><span class=\"im ph4\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>HAL HJT-16 Kiran<\/b><em>Jet trainer &middot; first flight 1964 &middot; 190 built<\/em><\/span><\/span><span class=\"acard\"><span class=\"im ph5\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>HAL Ajeet<\/b><em>Light fighter &middot; first flight 1975 &middot; 89 built<\/em><\/span><\/span><span class=\"acard\"><span class=\"im ph6\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>HAL Dhruv<\/b><em>Utility helicopter &middot; first flight 1992 &middot; more than 400 built<\/em><\/span><\/span><a class=\"acard\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hal-tejas\/\"><span class=\"im ph7\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>HAL Tejas<\/b><em>Light combat aircraft &middot; first flight 2001 &middot; 45 plus 17 prototypes built<\/em><\/span><\/a><span class=\"acard\"><span class=\"im ph8\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>HAL Prachand<\/b><em>Light combat helicopter &middot; first flight 2010 &middot; 19 built<\/em><\/span><\/span><span class=\"acard\"><span class=\"im ph9\"><\/span><span class=\"tx\"><b>HAL HTT-40<\/b><em>Basic turboprop trainer &middot; first flight 2016 &middot; 3 plus 2 prototypes built<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<p class=\"pcred\">Photos: Trinidade \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0); Softeis &#183; CC BY 2.5; Aeroprints.com \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0); Colin Cooke Photo \/ Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0); Subharnab &#183; CC BY 2.0; Hindustan Aeronautics Limited \/ Wikimedia Commons (GODL-India); Government of India \/ Wikimedia Commons (GODL-India)<\/p>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"acfind\" data-filter=\"#mfrtbl\" data-item=\"tbody tr\" data-noun=\"aircraft\" placeholder=\"Search aircraft, roles, years\" aria-label=\"Search aircraft, roles, years\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"acfind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"acfind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"mfrtbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Aircraft<\/th>\n<th>Role<\/th>\n<th>First flight<\/th>\n<th>Built<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Note<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Harlow PC-5A<\/td>\n<td>Trainer (licence)<\/td>\n<td>1941<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>HAL&rsquo;s first aircraft<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>HAL HT-2<\/td>\n<td>Primary trainer<\/td>\n<td>1951<\/td>\n<td>172<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>First HAL design to enter production; exported to Ghana<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>HAL HUL-26 Pushpak<\/td>\n<td>Light aircraft<\/td>\n<td>1958<\/td>\n<td>more than 160<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Based on the Aeronca Chief<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Folland Gnat (licence)<\/td>\n<td>Light fighter<\/td>\n<td>1958<\/td>\n<td>more than 175<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>First flight date is the first IAF Gnat, flown in Britain; HAL took over assembly and then production<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hf-24-marut\/\">HAL HF-24 Marut<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Fighter-bomber<\/td>\n<td>1961<\/td>\n<td>147<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>First Indian-developed jet fighter, designed by Kurt Tank; 18 were two-seat trainers; retired 1990<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>HAL HJT-16 Kiran<\/td>\n<td>Jet trainer<\/td>\n<td>1964<\/td>\n<td>190<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">In service<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 (licence)<\/td>\n<td>Supersonic fighter<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>840<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Largest production outside the USSR; retired by the IAF on 26 September 2025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>HAL HA-31 Basant<\/td>\n<td>Agricultural aircraft<\/td>\n<td>1972<\/td>\n<td>39<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>HAL Ajeet<\/td>\n<td>Light fighter<\/td>\n<td>1975<\/td>\n<td>89<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Improved Gnat; total includes 10 converted Gnats<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>HAL HPT-32 Deepak<\/td>\n<td>Basic trainer<\/td>\n<td>1977<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Retired<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Retired in 2009 after engine problems<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>HAL Dhruv<\/td>\n<td>Utility helicopter<\/td>\n<td>1992<\/td>\n<td>more than 400<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">In production<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Count as of January 2024; armed version is the Rudra<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Sukhoi Su-30MKI (licence)<\/td>\n<td>Multirole fighter<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>222<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">In production<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Licence-built at Nashik with engines from Koraput; 272 ordered in total including 50 Russian-built<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hal-tejas\/\">HAL Tejas<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Light combat aircraft<\/td>\n<td>2001<\/td>\n<td>45 plus 17 prototypes<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">In production<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Designed by ADA, built by HAL; 83 Mk 1A ordered in 2021 and 97 more cleared in August 2025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>HAL HJT-36 Yashas<\/td>\n<td>Intermediate jet trainer<\/td>\n<td>2003<\/td>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">In production<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Formerly Sitara; service entry planned for 2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>HAL Prachand<\/td>\n<td>Light combat helicopter<\/td>\n<td>2010<\/td>\n<td>19<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">In production<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Built for high-altitude operations; 156 more ordered in 2025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>HAL HTT-40<\/td>\n<td>Basic turboprop trainer<\/td>\n<td>2016<\/td>\n<td>3 plus 2 prototypes<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">In production<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>HAL Light Utility Helicopter<\/td>\n<td>Light helicopter<\/td>\n<td>2016<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">In production<\/span><\/td>\n<td>To be built at Tumakuru; replaces Chetak and Cheetah<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"operators\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Who flies them<\/div>\n<h2>HAL aircraft in the world&rsquo;s air forces<\/h2>\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">13 air forces in the Order of Battle fly or flew HAL types. <span class=\"imp\">10 of them still have one in service.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"opfind\" data-filter=\"#optbl\" data-item=\"tbody tr\" data-noun=\"air forces\" placeholder=\"Search air forces and types\" aria-label=\"Search air forces and types\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"opfind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"opfind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"optbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Air force<\/th>\n<th>In service<\/th>\n<th>Formerly flown<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/indian-air-force\/\">Indian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/su-30-flanker\/\">Sukhoi\/HAL Su-30MKI<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/sepecat-jaguar\/\">SEPECAT\/HAL Jaguar IS\/IB\/IM (Shamsher)<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hal-tejas\/\">HAL Tejas Mk1<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/bae-hawk\/\">BAE\/HAL Hawk Mk 132<\/a>, HAL HJT-16 Kiran, HAL HTT-40 and 7 more<\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/mig-27-flogger\/\" class=\"was\">HAL MiG-27ML\/UPG Bahadur<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/hf-24-marut\/\" class=\"was\">HAL HF-24 Marut<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/folland-gnat\/\" class=\"was\">Folland\/HAL Gnat and HAL Ajeet<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/de-havilland-vampire\/\" class=\"was\">de Havilland\/HAL Vampire FB.52, NF.54, T.55<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/army-aviation-corps-india\/\">Army Aviation Corps (India)<\/a><\/td>\n<td>HAL Prachand (Light Combat Helicopter), HAL Rudra (ALH WSI), HAL Dhruv (ALH), HAL Cheetah (SA 315B Lama), HAL Cheetal, HAL Chetak (Alouette III) and 1 more<\/td>\n<td>HAL Pushpak, HAL HAOP-27 Krishak<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/indian-naval-air-arm\/\">Indian Naval Air Arm<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Dornier\/HAL 228, HAL HJT-16 Kiran, HAL Dhruv (ALH), HAL Chetak (Alouette III), Dornier\/HAL 228 (upgraded)<\/td>\n<td>HAL HT-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/mauritius-police-force-air-wing\/\">Mauritius Police Force Air Wing<\/a><\/td>\n<td>HAL Dornier 228, HAL Chetak (SA316B Alouette III), HAL Dhruv Mk I, HAL Dhruv Mk III<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/namibian-air-force\/\">Namibian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>HAL Chetak (Alouette III), HAL Cheetah (Lama)<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/nepalese-army-air-service\/\">Nepalese Army Air Service<\/a><\/td>\n<td>HAL Cheetah and Lancer, HAL Dhruv<\/td>\n<td>HAL Chetak (Alouette III)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/guyana-defence-force-air-corps\/\">Guyana Defence Force Air Corps<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Hindustan Aeronautics (HAL) Dornier 228-201<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/maldives-national-defence-force-air-corps\/\">Maldives National Defence Force Air Corps<\/a><\/td>\n<td>HAL Dhruv (ALH, incl. Mk III)<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/myanmar-air-force\/\">Myanmar Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>HAL HJT-16 Kiran<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/suriname-air-force\/\">Suriname Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td>Hindustan Aeronautics (HAL) Chetak<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/ecuadorian-air-force\/\">Ecuadorian Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>HAL Dhruv<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/ghana-air-force\/\">Ghana Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Scottish Aviation Bulldog and HAL HT-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"was\">\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/seychelles-air-force\/\">Seychelles Air Force<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>HAL Chetak (Alouette III)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"people\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Places, people, records<\/div>\n<h2>Where HAL built, who led it, what it achieved<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<h3>Factories<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li><b>Bangalore complex and HAL Airport<\/b> &middot; Bengaluru, Karnataka &mdash; Original 1940 site; Tejas, Dhruv and Prachand lines; HAL Airport was the city&rsquo;s only airport until 2008<\/li>\n<li><b>Nashik division<\/b> &middot; Ozar, Nashik, Maharashtra &mdash; MiG-21 and Su-30MKI final assembly; third Tejas line from 2024<\/li>\n<li><b>Koraput division<\/b> &middot; Koraput, Odisha &mdash; Engines, including AL-31FP for the Su-30MKI<\/li>\n<li><b>Transport Aircraft Division<\/b> &middot; Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh &mdash; Built the HS 748; builds the Dornier 228<\/li>\n<li><b>Helicopter factory<\/b> &middot; Tumakuru, Karnataka &mdash; Opened February 2023; Light Utility Helicopter and Prachand lines<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>People<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li><b>Walchand Hirachand<\/b> &middot; founder &mdash; Industrialist who also founded India&rsquo;s first modern shipyard and car factory<\/li>\n<li><b>William Pawley<\/b> &middot; American co-founder &mdash; Also ran the Loiwing aircraft factory bombed by Japan in 1942<\/li>\n<li><b>Kurt Tank<\/b> &middot; designer of the HF-24 Marut &mdash; Former Focke-Wulf chief designer, creator of the Fw 190<\/li>\n<li><b>D. K. Sunil<\/b> &middot; chairman and managing director<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>Records and firsts<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"gl\">\n<li>India&rsquo;s first aircraft factory, 1940<\/li>\n<li>First Indian-developed jet fighter: HF-24 Marut, 1961<\/li>\n<li>Largest MiG-21 production outside the Soviet Union: 840 aircraft<\/li>\n<li>First complete transfer of an ISRO rocket&rsquo;s technology to a single company: SSLV, 2025<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>HAL, year by year<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1940<\/div>\n<p>Hindustan Aircraft Limited established in Bangalore<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1941<\/div>\n<p>First aircraft, a Harlow PC-5A, flies<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1942<\/div>\n<p>Government of India takes over the company<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1943<\/div>\n<p>US Army Air Forces begin running the plant as a repair base<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1945<\/div>\n<p>Indian government resumes control<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1951<\/div>\n<p>HT-2, the first HAL design, first flies<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1957<\/div>\n<p>Licence production of Orpheus jet engines begins<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1961<\/div>\n<p>HF-24 Marut first flies<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1964<\/div>\n<p>Becomes Hindustan Aeronautics Limited after merging with the MiG-21 and Kanpur organisations<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1967<\/div>\n<p>First production Marut delivered to the IAF<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1971<\/div>\n<p>Maruts fly close support at the Battle of Longewala<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1992<\/div>\n<p>Dhruv helicopter first flies<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2001<\/div>\n<p>Tejas first flies<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2010<\/div>\n<p>Light Combat Helicopter (Prachand) first flies<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2015<\/div>\n<p>Tejas enters IAF service<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2023<\/div>\n<p>Tumakuru helicopter factory inaugurated<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2024<\/div>\n<p>Granted Maharatna status<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2025<\/div>\n<p>IAF retires the MiG-21<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2025<\/div>\n<p>IAF Tejas crashes at the Dubai Airshow, killing its pilot<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2026<\/div>\n<p>Last aircraft of the first two Tejas orders delivered<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about HAL<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>Who founded HAL?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Industrialist Walchand Hirachand, with American businessman William Pawley and the Kingdom of Mysore, founded Hindustan Aircraft Limited in Bangalore on 23 December 1940.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What was the first fighter jet built in India?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The HAL HF-24 Marut, designed under German engineer Kurt Tank and first flown in 1961. It was the first Indian-developed jet fighter; 147 were built.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Does HAL make the Tejas?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. The Tejas was designed by India&rsquo;s Aeronautical Development Agency and is built by HAL in Bengaluru and Nashik. It entered Indian Air Force service in 2015.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Who owns Hindustan Aeronautics Limited?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">HAL is a public-sector company majority-owned by the Government of India, which holds about 71 per cent, and managed under the Ministry of Defence.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What helicopters does HAL build?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The Dhruv Advanced Light Helicopter and its armed Rudra version, the Prachand Light Combat Helicopter and the Light Utility Helicopter, as well as licence-built Chetak and Cheetah helicopters.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Who founded HAL?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Industrialist Walchand Hirachand, with American businessman William Pawley and the Kingdom of Mysore, founded Hindustan Aircraft Limited in Bangalore on 23 December 1940.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What was the first fighter jet built in India?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The HAL HF-24 Marut, designed under German engineer Kurt Tank and first flown in 1961. It was the first Indian-developed jet fighter; 147 were built.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Does HAL make the Tejas?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. The Tejas was designed by India\\u2019s Aeronautical Development Agency and is built by HAL in Bengaluru and Nashik. It entered Indian Air Force service in 2015.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Who owns Hindustan Aeronautics Limited?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"HAL is a public-sector company majority-owned by the Government of India, which holds about 71 per cent, and managed under the Ministry of Defence.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What helicopters does HAL build?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The Dhruv Advanced Light Helicopter and its armed Rudra version, the Prachand Light Combat Helicopter and the Light Utility Helicopter, as well as licence-built Chetak and Cheetah helicopters.\"}}]}<\/script><hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Around HAL<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft-manufacturers\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The index<\/span><span class=\"rh\">All aircraft manufacturers<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Every company that built an aircraft flown by the air forces in the Order of Battle, current and historic.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Open the list<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hindustan_Aeronautics_Limited\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Hindustan Aeronautics Limited &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HAL_HF-24_Marut\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">HAL HF-24 Marut &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HAL_HT-2\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">HAL HT-2 &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HAL_Tejas\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">HAL Tejas &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HAL_Dhruv\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">HAL Dhruv &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HAL_Prachand\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">HAL Prachand &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HAL_HJT-16_Kiran\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">HAL HJT-16 Kiran &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HAL_Ajeet\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">HAL Ajeet &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Folland_Gnat\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Folland Gnat &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sukhoi_Su-30MKI\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Sukhoi Su-30MKI &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-21\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Walchand_Hirachand\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Walchand Hirachand &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kurt_Tank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Kurt Tank &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thefinancialworld.com\/hal-reports-steady-revenue-growth-amid-challenges-in-fy-2024-25\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">HAL reports steady revenue growth amid challenges in FY 2024-25 (The Financial World)<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/simple.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2025_HAL_Tejas_Dubai_Air_Show_crash\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">2025 HAL Tejas Dubai Air Show crash &ndash; Simple English Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HAL_HTT-40\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">HAL HTT-40 &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HAL_Light_Utility_Helicopter\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">HAL Light Utility Helicopter &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HAL_HA-31_Basant\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">HAL HA-31 Basant &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HAL_HUL-26_Pushpak\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">HAL HUL-26 Pushpak &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HAL_HJT-36_Yashas\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">HAL HJT-36 Yashas &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HAL_HPT-32_Deepak\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">HAL HPT-32 Deepak &ndash; Wikipedia<\/a><span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Verified 2026-10-03.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .ph1{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/w11-np-t-154.jpg)!important}#mfam .ph2{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/w16-in-t-1549.jpg)!important}#mfam .ph3{background-image:url(https:\/\/ml5psubhxdln.i.optimole.com\/cb:78--.b845\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:96\/f:best\/https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/hal-hf-24-marut.jpg)!important}#mfam 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