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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero\">\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/tunisian-air-force\/\">Tunisian Air Force<\/a><\/div>\n<h1>Every war the Tunisian Air Force has fought<\/h1>\n<p class=\"sub\">The air force flew no recorded combat in the Bizerte crisis of 1961 and made no recorded response to the Israeli raid on Hammam Chott in 1985; both are included for what they meant to the service. The Bizerte casualty figures are strongly contested &mdash; 630 Tunisian dead in the official communiqu&#233;, 20&ndash;27 French dead by France&rsquo;s count, and higher estimates of up to over 5,000 &mdash; and each is given with the side or source that makes it. The Chaambi casualty figures are the Defence Ministry&rsquo;s as reported by Reuters, and no independent tally of air strikes was found. Tunisia&rsquo;s official position is that there is no US base on its soil; the base used by US surveillance drones in 2016 was not officially identified. Where a consolidated sortie or loss figure exists in the official record it is given here; where accounts disagree, the range is shown and the disagreement named. Blank cells are blank because no figure could be verified, not because the fighting was small.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"combat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<p class=\"spx-lede\">From the Bizerte crisis of 1961 to the Chaambi mountains, the Libyan border and the UN mission in Mali.<\/p>\n<div class=\"qbar\"><input class=\"qin\" type=\"search\" id=\"warfind\" data-filter=\"#combattbl\" data-item=\"tbody tr.crow\" data-noun=\"conflicts\" placeholder=\"Search conflicts, countries, aircraft, years\" aria-label=\"Search conflicts, countries, aircraft, years\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><button class=\"qbtn\" type=\"button\" data-clear=\"warfind\">Clear<\/button><span class=\"qcnt\" data-count=\"warfind\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt cbt\" id=\"combattbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Conflict<\/th>\n<th>Years<\/th>\n<th>Against<\/th>\n<th>Main aircraft<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Sorties<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:right\">Aircraft lost<\/th>\n<th><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd0\" data-x=\"Bizerte and the Sidi Ahmed airfield Tunisian Air Force (founded 1959) No allied air arm\">\n<td>The Bizerte crisis<span class=\"cwho\">the battle for the Bizerte base<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Tunisian Air Force (founded 1959)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1961<\/td>\n<td>France<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd0\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd0\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">No recorded combat flying. The two-year-old air force had only light trainers; the fighting was on the ground and around the French base whose airfield later became its home.<\/p>\n<p>Tunisia had demanded the evacuation of the French naval base at Bizerte since independence. When the French command announced in May 1961 that it would lengthen the runway at Sidi Ahmed &mdash; works which, by the French Wikipedia account, overstepped the base boundary by 1.5 metres &mdash; Tunisia blockaded the base. From 19 July 1961 France reinforced it by air with paratroops carried in Noratlas transports, and French jets attacked Tunisian roadblocks; French Wikipedia records two Aquilon fighters strafing Tunisian forces at Sidi Ahmed. By 23 July the French had taken the town. The United Nations was unable to impose a settlement. The episode matters to the air force for two reasons: it was the defining military trauma of the new state, the yardstick against which, half a century later, Carnegie measured the losses of the Chaambi campaign; and when France at last left in 1963, Sidi Ahmed became the Tunisian Air Force&rsquo;s principal base.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> French forces took Bizerte on 23 July 1961; France finally handed the base over on 15 October 1963.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Casualty figures are strongly contested: the 630 figure is the Tunisian government&rsquo;s; French official figures are 20&ndash;27 dead; the higher estimates (1,300, 4,000 and over 5,000) come from a university, a historian and the Tunisian Red Crescent as cited by French Wikipedia. French Wikipedia gives a June 1963 date for the last French soldier&rsquo;s departure; English Wikipedia and Tunisia&rsquo;s Evacuation Day use 15 October 1963.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Tunisian Air Force (founded 1959)<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Bizerte and the Sidi Ahmed airfield<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>France<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">No Tunisian air sorties recorded in the sources checked.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">Tunisian losses: official communiqu&#233; 630 killed and 1,555 wounded; other estimates cited by French Wikipedia range from 632 to over 5,000 dead (Tunisian Red Crescent). French official losses: 20&ndash;27 killed (English Wikipedia: 24) and about 100 wounded.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bizerte_crisis\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crise_de_Bizerte\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikip&#233;dia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/governance\/governance-governance\/feature-the-evolution-of-tunisias-military-and-the-role-of-foreign-security-sector-assistance\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb\/Carnegie Middle East Center<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd1\" data-x=\"Hammam Chott, near Tunis Tunisian Air Force No allied air arm\">\n<td>Israeli raid on Hammam Chott (Operation Wooden Leg)<span class=\"cwho\">the PLO headquarters raid<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Tunisian Air Force<\/span><\/td>\n<td>1985<\/td>\n<td>Israel<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd1\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd1\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Did not engage. No Tunisian air defence response is recorded.<\/p>\n<p>On 1 October 1985 Israeli F-15s, refuelled in flight by Boeing 707 tankers, flew about 2,060 km from Tel Nof to bomb the Palestine Liberation Organization&rsquo;s headquarters at Hammam Chott, south of Tunis. According to English Wikipedia, the Israeli air force commander, Amos Lapidot, saw little chance of resistance from the Tunisian Air Force or air defences, and none was recorded. The raid exposed how little the small F-5 force, delivered only the year before, could do against a determined long-range attack.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> UN Security Council Resolution 573 of 4 October 1985 (14&ndash;0, the United States abstaining) condemned the raid and found that Tunisia was entitled to reparations.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Casualty figures differ by source as given. The UN Security Council finding is that body&rsquo;s; Israel&rsquo;s casualty claim is its own.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Tunisian Air Force<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Hammam Chott, near Tunis<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Israel<\/dd>\n<dt>Sorties<\/dt>\n<dd>0<span class=\"cwho\">No Tunisian sorties recorded.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>0 aircraft<span class=\"cwho\">Deaths on the ground are contested: hospital sources 47 dead and 65 wounded; other sources 56 Palestinians and 15 Tunisians killed and about 100 wounded; Israel claimed about 60 PLO members killed (all as cited by English Wikipedia).<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Wooden_Leg\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd2\" data-x=\"The south-eastern border with Libya Tunisian Air Force No allied air arm F-5E\/F L-59T Helicopters\">\n<td>The Libyan civil war on Tunisia&rsquo;s border<span class=\"cwho\">border patrols of 2011<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Tunisian Air Force<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2011<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/northrop-f-5\/\">F-5E\/F<\/a>, L-59T, Helicopters<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd2\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd2\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd2\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Border surveillance and armed patrols by F-5s, L-59s and helicopters after Libyan fire landed on Tunisian territory.<\/p>\n<p>As Libya&rsquo;s civil war spread in 2011, fighting reached the Tunisian frontier. On 15 June 2011 Reuters, quoting a police source, reported that &quot;an F-5 plane and a helicopter were patrolling at the border with Libya&quot; after rockets fired by Libyan troops fell in the Mrabeh area; witnesses saw aircraft circling. English Wikipedia also records armed L-59 patrols along the border that year. It was the first time in decades that Tunisian combat aircraft flew real operational missions, and it set the pattern for the decade that followed: a small air force whose job was to watch a long, porous border.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Tunisia stayed out of the war; its forces policed the frontier.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Tunisian Air Force<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>The south-eastern border with Libya<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/northrop-f-5\/\">F-5E\/F<\/a>, L-59T, Helicopters<\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>0 aircraft<span class=\"cwho\">No Tunisian aircraft losses reported.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/tunisia-aircraft-survey-border-after-attack-sources\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb\/Reuters<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aero_L-59_Super_Albatros\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd3\" data-x=\"Jebel Chaambi and the western border with Algeria Tunisian Air Force No allied air arm L-59T F-5E\/F UH-60M OH-58D Maule MX-7\">\n<td>Counter-insurgency in the Chaambi mountains<span class=\"cwho\">the Mount Chaambi campaign<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Tunisian Air Force<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2012&ndash;present<\/td>\n<td>Katibat Uqba ibn Nafi (al-Qaeda-linked)<\/td>\n<td>L-59T, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/northrop-f-5\/\">F-5E\/F<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-60-black-hawk\/\">UH-60M<\/a><span class=\"cwho\">and 2 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd3\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd3\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd3\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Air strikes, armed reconnaissance and helicopter support for army operations against al-Qaeda-linked militant groups.<\/p>\n<p>Since December 2012 Jebel Chaambi near the Algerian border has been the scene of repeated military operations against militants hiding in its caves. After eight soldiers were ambushed and killed in July 2013 &mdash; one of the deadliest attacks on Tunisian forces in decades, Reuters wrote &mdash; Tunisian warplanes struck militant hideouts in August 2013, according to an army source; the aircraft type was not named. English Wikipedia records L-59s flying reconnaissance and counter-insurgency strike missions over the mountains in April 2014, when thousands of troops were deployed there. The attack on 16 July 2014, as soldiers broke their Ramadan fast, killed at least 14 and wounded more than 20. The campaign drove the re-equipment that followed: armed UH-60M Black Hawks for rapid reaction and medical evacuation, OH-58D Kiowa Warriors for armed reconnaissance, and Maule and Caravan surveillance aircraft &mdash; all bought, the US government said, for counter-terrorism and border security.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> Ongoing low-level campaign; Carnegie reports that the army killed the KUIN leader Khaled al-Shayeb in 2015 and reportedly his brother in October 2019.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">Casualty figures are the Tunisian Defence Ministry&rsquo;s as reported by Reuters; Carnegie also gives fourteen for July 2014. No independent tally of air strikes or of militants killed from the air was found.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Tunisian Air Force<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Jebel Chaambi and the western border with Algeria<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>No allied air arm<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Katibat Uqba ibn Nafi (al-Qaeda-linked)<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>L-59T, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/northrop-f-5\/\">F-5E\/F<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-60-black-hawk\/\">UH-60M<\/a>, OH-58D, Maule MX-7<\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">No air force losses confirmed. Army losses include eight soldiers killed in July 2013 and at least 14 killed on 16 July 2014 (Defence Ministry); Carnegie calls the 2014 attack the worst military loss since Bizerte.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jebel_ech_Chambi\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/security\/national-security\/tunisia-bombs-islamist-militants-in-mountain-hideouts\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb\/Reuters<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/security\/civil-security\/at-least-14-tunisian-troops-killed-in-mountain-ambushes\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb\/Reuters<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/governance\/governance-governance\/feature-the-evolution-of-tunisias-military-and-the-role-of-foreign-security-sector-assistance\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb\/Carnegie Middle East Center<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aero_L-59_Super_Albatros\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/tunisia-getting-more-black-hawks-scaneagle-support\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd4\" data-x=\"The south-eastern border with Libya Tunisian Air Force Alongside United States and Germany Maule MX-7 C-208B Grand Caravan EX Anka-S UH-60M\">\n<td>Islamic State and the Libyan border<span class=\"cwho\">Ben Guerdane and border surveillance<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Tunisian Air Force<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2015&ndash;present<\/td>\n<td>Islamic State<\/td>\n<td>Maule MX-7, C-208B Grand Caravan EX, Anka-S<span class=\"cwho\">and 1 more<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd4\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd4\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd4\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Surveillance of the Libyan border with manned ISR aircraft and, from 2021, Anka-S drones; Tunisia also allowed unarmed US surveillance drones to fly over the border.<\/p>\n<p>With the Islamic State holding Sirte and training camps in western Libya, Tunisia&rsquo;s south-eastern frontier became its most dangerous. In March 2016 IS fighters attacked police and army posts at Ben Guerdane; the attack was beaten off. Tunisia built a fence of about 125 miles (200 km) along the border, and a US-German programme launched in 2016 added sensors and command systems. In November 2016 President Beji Caid Essebsi confirmed on television that unarmed US drones were flying over the border &mdash; &quot;it was at our request&quot; &mdash; while repeating that there was no US base in Tunisia; US officials told Reuters the drones flew from a Tunisian air base, which was not named. The air force&rsquo;s own surveillance fleet grew with 12 Maules in 2016, Anka-S drones from 2021 and four Caravans in 2024.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> The Ben Guerdane attack was defeated; a border barrier and surveillance system has been built with US and German help, with Phase III approved in April 2026.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">The base used by US drones was not officially identified. Tunisia&rsquo;s official position is that there is no US base on its soil.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Tunisian Air Force<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>The south-eastern border with Libya<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>United States and Germany<\/dd>\n<dt>Against<\/dt>\n<dd>Islamic State<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd>Maule MX-7, C-208B Grand Caravan EX, Anka-S, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/uh-60-black-hawk\/\">UH-60M<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd><span class=\"cwho\">No air force losses reported. The Islamic State attack on Ben Guerdane in March 2016 left at least 53 people dead (defenceWeb); the air force&rsquo;s part in repelling it was not documented in the sources checked.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/tunisia-confirms-us-drones-over-libyan-border-monitor-islamic-state\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb\/Reuters<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/governance\/governance-governance\/feature-the-evolution-of-tunisias-military-and-the-role-of-foreign-security-sector-assistance\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb\/Carnegie Middle East Center<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/security\/border-security\/us-approves-95-million-next-phase-of-tunisian-border-security-project\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.armadainternational.com\/2017\/02\/tunisian-maule-isr-package-revealed\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Armada International<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/tunisia-receives-caravan-aircraft\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/TAI_Anka\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"crow\" data-more=\"cd5\" data-x=\"Mali, from Bamako Tunisian Air Force Alongside United Nations C-130J-30\">\n<td>MINUSMA, Mali<span class=\"cwho\">the first UN air mission<\/span><span class=\"cserv\">Tunisian Air Force<\/span><\/td>\n<td>2019&ndash;2023<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/c-130-hercules\/\">C-130J-30<\/a><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td><button class=\"cbx\" type=\"button\" data-more=\"cd5\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"cd5\">Detail<\/button><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"cdet\" id=\"cd5\">\n<td colspan=\"7\">\n<div class=\"cdin\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"crole\">Air transport and medical evacuation for the UN stabilisation mission with a C-130J.<\/p>\n<p>Defence Minister Abdelkarim Zbidi announced in January 2019 that a C-130J with 75 personnel would deploy to Bamako from 1 February 2019 for an extendable year, to move people and equipment and fly medical evacuations &mdash; the first time, defenceWeb noted, that the Tunisian Air Force had taken part in a UN mission. Tunisia later planned a quick reaction force of 750 special forces and 120 military police; Wikipedia records 103 Tunisian personnel in MINUSMA in September 2021. How long the Hercules detachment stayed was not confirmed.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"cwar\">Outcome<\/span> The UN Security Council ended MINUSMA&rsquo;s mandate on 30 June 2023; withdrawal was to be complete by 31 December 2023.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ccav\">The end date of the air detachment itself was not found; 2023 is the end of the mission.<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<dl class=\"cdl\">\n<dt>Flying for<\/dt>\n<dd>Tunisian Air Force<\/dd>\n<dt>Where<\/dt>\n<dd>Mali, from Bamako<\/dd>\n<dt>Alongside<\/dt>\n<dd>United Nations<\/dd>\n<dt>Aircraft<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/c-130-hercules\/\">C-130J-30<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Losses<\/dt>\n<dd>0 aircraft<span class=\"cwho\">No air force losses reported in the sources checked.<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Sources<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/tunisia-to-send-aircraft-to-support-minusma\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations_Multidimensional_Integrated_Stabilization_Mission_in_Mali\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"qnone\" data-none=\"warfind\">Nothing matches that search.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every figure, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.armadainternational.com\/2017\/02\/tunisian-maule-isr-package-revealed\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Armada International: Tunisian Maule ISR package revealed (14 February 2017)<\/a><span>12 Maules, $20 million, handed over May 2016 at El Aouina.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/tunisia-receives-caravan-aircraft\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Tunisia receives Caravan aircraft (17 September 2024)<\/a><span>Four C-208B Grand Caravan EX, $54 million, El Aouina; 4,500 personnel.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/security\/border-security\/us-approves-95-million-next-phase-of-tunisian-border-security-project\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: US approves $95 million next phase of Tunisian border security project (29 April 2026)<\/a><span>Phase III approved 27 April 2026; programme since 2016.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/tunisia-getting-more-black-hawks-scaneagle-support\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Tunisia getting more Black Hawks, ScanEagle support (3 October 2016)<\/a><span>UH-60M contracts; navy ScanEagles; counter-terrorism purpose.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/tunisia-to-send-aircraft-to-support-minusma\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Tunisia to send aircraft to support Minusma (24 January 2019)<\/a><span>C-130J and 75 personnel to Bamako from 1 February 2019; first UN mission.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/tunisia-aircraft-survey-border-after-attack-sources\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb\/Reuters: Tunisia aircraft survey border after attack (15 June 2011)<\/a><span>F-5 and helicopter patrol after Libyan rockets hit Mrabeh.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/security\/national-security\/tunisia-bombs-islamist-militants-in-mountain-hideouts\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb\/Reuters: Tunisia bombs Islamist militants in mountain hideouts (13 August 2013)<\/a><span>Air strikes on Chaambi; July 2013 ambush.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/security\/civil-security\/at-least-14-tunisian-troops-killed-in-mountain-ambushes\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb\/Reuters: At least 14 Tunisian troops killed in mountain ambushes (17 July 2014)<\/a><span>Defence Ministry casualty figures, 16 July 2014.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/governance\/governance-governance\/feature-the-evolution-of-tunisias-military-and-the-role-of-foreign-security-sector-assistance\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb\/Carnegie Middle East Center: The evolution of Tunisia&rsquo;s military and the role of foreign security sector assistance (12 May 2020)<\/a><span>Budget figures; 2014 Chaambi toll; Ben Guerdane; border fence; US assistance.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/tunisia-confirms-us-drones-over-libyan-border-monitor-islamic-state\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb\/Reuters: Tunisia confirms U.S. drones over Libyan border (23 November 2016)<\/a><span>President Essebsi on unarmed US drones; Ben Guerdane toll.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Figures verified 2026-10-01. <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/tunisian-air-force\/\">Back to the Tunisian Air Force<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .nflag{background-image:url(https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/aircraft-manufacturer-country-flags-v4.png)!important}#mfam .nf0{background-position:-2px -2px}#mfam .nf1{background-position:-24px -2px}#mfam .nf2{background-position:-46px -2px}#mfam .nf3{background-position:-68px -2px}#mfam .nf4{background-position:-90px -2px}#mfam .nf5{background-position:-112px -2px}#mfam .nf6{background-position:-134px -2px}#mfam .nf7{background-position:-156px -2px}#mfam .nf8{background-position:-178px -2px}#mfam .nf9{background-position:-200px -2px}#mfam .nf10{background-position:-222px -2px}<\/style>\n<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com\/ajax\/libs\/maplibre-gl\/4.7.1\/maplibre-gl.css\"><script src=\"https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com\/ajax\/libs\/maplibre-gl\/4.7.1\/maplibre-gl.js\"><\/script><div id=\"cmb-data\" data-js=\"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\"><\/div>\n<p><script>(function(){var el=document.getElementById(\"cmb-data\");var js=decodeURIComponent(escape(atob(el.getAttribute(\"data-js\"))));var sc=document.createElement(\"script\");sc.text=js;document.body.appendChild(sc);})();<\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Order of Battle &middot; Tunisian Air Force Every war the Tunisian Air Force has fought The air force flew no recorded combat in the Bizerte crisis of 1961 and made no recorded response to the Israeli raid on Hammam Chott in 1985; both are included for what they meant to the service. The Bizerte casualty [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":29109,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-29111","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Tunisian Air Force combat record | MiGFlug<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/tr\/hava-kuvvetleri\/tunisian-air-force\/savas-kaydi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tunisian Air Force combat record | MiGFlug\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Order of Battle &middot; Tunisian Air Force Every war the Tunisian Air Force has fought The air force flew no recorded combat in the Bizerte crisis of 1961 and made no recorded response to the Israeli raid on Hammam Chott in 1985; both are included for what they meant to the service. 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