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.finflash{width:46px;height:46px} #mfam .rondel.wide{width:88px;height:33px} #mfam .finflash.tall{width:38px;height:46px} #mfam .mark .mk{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgba(255,255,255,.55);line-height:1.5;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .mark .mk b{display:block;color:#fff;letter-spacing:.2px;text-transform:none;font-size:14.5px;margin-top:2px} #mfam .statstrip .stat{border-top:3px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .statstrip .stat:first-child{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:first-child{padding:10px 6px 10px 14px;vertical-align:top} #mfam .tthumb{display:block;width:150px;height:100px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam table.oobt.fleet{table-layout:fixed;min-width:1072px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-th{width:172px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-type{width:198px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-role{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-num{width:78px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-yr{width:64px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-units{width:154px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-srv{width:104px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-rep{width:150px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet col.c-fd{width:118px} #mfam table.oobt.fleet th{white-space:normal} #mfam table.oobt.fleet.ord{min-width:900px} #mfam .ndet{display:inline} #mfam .ndet summary{display:inline;cursor:pointer;color:var(--link);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;list-style:none} #mfam .ndet summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ndet summary::after{content:' \\203A'} #mfam .ndet[open] summary{display:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{color:var(--txt2)} #mfam table.oobt.former .tthumb{filter:saturate(.55)} #mfam table.oobt.former tr:hover .tthumb{filter:none} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere} #mfam table.oobt.fleet td:last-child{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .de{color:var(--txt3);font-size:12.5px;font-family:'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none} #mfam .orgcard .de{margin:-3px 0 8px} #mfam .oob dt .de,#mfam table.oobt .de{white-space:nowrap} #mfam .qbar{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:22px 0 0} #mfam .qin{flex:1 1 280px;max-width:460px;padding:11px 13px;font:400 15px\/1.4 'Gilroy regular',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#0d1117;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;outline:0;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none} #mfam .qin:focus{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .qin::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none} #mfam .qcnt{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .qbtn{padding:10px 13px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--txt2);border:1px solid #d3d8e0;border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4} #mfam .qbtn:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .qhide{display:none!important} #mfam .qnone{display:none;padding:20px 2px;color:var(--txt2);font-size:15px} #mfam .qnone.on{display:block} #mfam .oob>div{cursor:pointer;user-select:none;align-items:center} #mfam .oob>div:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blue);outline-offset:-2px} #mfam .oob>div>i{position:relative;flex:none;width:13px;height:13px;margin-left:auto;opacity:.75} #mfam .oob>div>i::before,#mfam .oob>div>i::after{content:'';position:absolute;background:#fff;left:0;top:6px;width:13px;height:1.5px} #mfam .oob>div>i::after{transform:rotate(90deg)} #mfam .oob.open>div>i::after{transform:rotate(0)} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob>dl{display:none} #mfam .oobwrap.coll .oob.open>dl{display:grid} #mfam table.oobt.cbt td{vertical-align:top} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.crow td{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.cbt tr.cdet>td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 16px 20px;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam tr.cdet{display:none} #mfam tr.cdet.on{display:table-row} #mfam .cwho{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cserv{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.45;margin-top:3px} #mfam .cbx{padding:6px 11px;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;background:#fff;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .cbx:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .cdin{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:26px;padding-top:2px;max-width:none} #mfam .cdin p{font-size:16.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0 0 11px;max-width:66ch} #mfam .cdin p.crole{color:#0d1117} #mfam .cdl{margin:0} #mfam .cdl dt{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-top:12px} #mfam .cdl dt:first-child{margin-top:0} #mfam .cdl dd{margin:3px 0 0;font-size:14.5px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.55} #mfam .cdl dd a{color:#0d1117;border-bottom:1px solid #c3cddb} #mfam .cdl dd a:hover{color:var(--blue-ink);border-bottom-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ccav{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3);line-height:1.55;margin-top:12px;padding-left:11px;border-left:2px solid var(--line);max-width:64ch} #mfam .clink{display:inline-block;margin:0 14px 0 0;font-size:13.5px} #mfam .cwar{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .statstrip.dark{margin:22px 0 4px} #mfam ul.gl.cml{margin-top:18px!important} #mfam ul.gl.cml li{line-height:1.6} #mfam ul.gl.cml li b{color:#0d1117;font-weight:400;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cbig{display:inline-block;margin-top:22px;padding:13px 22px;background:var(--blue);color:#fff!important;border:1px solid var(--blue);border-radius:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none} #mfam .cbig:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .badge{height:66px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .badge.big{height:112px} #mfam .mjc{height:96px;width:auto;display:block;flex:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 2px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.5))} #mfam .mcol{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px} #mfam .tthumb.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 6px,#e9eef5 6px,#e9eef5 12px)} #mfam .cflag{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:7px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:200px 20px} #mfam .nflag{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:12px;vertical-align:1px;margin-left:8px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:242px 16px} #mfam .st{display:table;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:2px 7px;margin:8px 0 0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border:1px solid currentColor;white-space:nowrap} #mfam .st.on{color:var(--green)} #mfam .st.out{color:var(--amber)} #mfam .st.ord{color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn{display:table;margin:8px 0 0;padding:4px 10px;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#fff!important;background:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--blue);white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%} #mfam .flybtn:hover{background:var(--blue-ink);border-color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .flybtn.ghost{background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)!important;letter-spacing:.9px;white-space:normal;max-width:11em} #mfam table.oobt.former td .flybtn.ghost{color:var(--blue-ink)!important} #mfam .flybtn .via{opacity:.72;letter-spacing:.8px} #mfam table.oobt td a.flybtn{border-bottom:0} #mfam table.oobt.former td a.flybtn{color:#fff!important} #mfam #structure,#mfam #former,#mfam #oob,#mfam #faq{background:var(--bg2)} #mfam .ngrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .ncard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden;text-decoration:none} #mfam .ncard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .ncim{display:block;height:158px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .ncim.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .ncbody{display:block;padding:16px 18px 20px} #mfam .ncbody time{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .nct{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:17px;line-height:1.32;color:#0d1117;margin:9px 0 8px} #mfam .ncard:hover .nct{color:var(--link)} #mfam .ncx{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--txt2)} #mfam .ncgo{display:block;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link);margin-top:14px} #mfam .nmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:26px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--link)} @media(max-width:960px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:620px){#mfam .ngrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam #gallery{background:#0d1117} #mfam #gallery h2{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .spx-lede{color:#9aa3b8} #mfam #gallery .kicker{color:var(--blue)} #mfam #gallery .acard{background:#161b24;border-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .tx b{color:#fff} #mfam #gallery .acard .im{background-color:#242c38} #mfam #gallery .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#1b212b,#1b212b 8px,#232a35 8px,#232a35 16px)} #mfam .org{margin-top:34px} #mfam .cmdcard{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--red);padding:22px 26px} #mfam .cface{display:block;flex:none;width:128px;height:128px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat;border:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cface.mono{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--blue-dim);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:44px;letter-spacing:1px;border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .cmdtx{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;text-align:left} #mfam .crank{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdtx b{display:block;font-size:21px;color:#0d1117;margin:3px 0 4px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmeta{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .cmdorg{flex:none;text-align:left;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)} #mfam .cmdorg span{display:block;font-size:13.5px;color:#0d1117;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .cmdorg em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:#8b94a5;margin-top:3px} #mfam .oloc{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin:0 0 9px} #mfam .orgcard,#mfam .orgcard h4,#mfam .orgcard p,#mfam .orgcard .de{text-align:left} #mfam .orgrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:16px} #mfam .orgcard{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding:20px 22px} #mfam .orgcard.wide{grid-column:1\/-1} #mfam .orgcard h4{margin:0 0 7px;font-size:16.5px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .orgcard p{font-size:14px;color:var(--txt2);max-width:none} #mfam .orgcard .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.4px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);border:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 8px;margin-bottom:11px;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .orgcard.new{border-top-color:var(--red)} #mfam .orgcard.new .tag{color:var(--red);border-color:var(--red)} #mfam .tfgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px;margin-top:18px} #mfam .tfcol{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:14px} #mfam .tfcol h4{margin:0 0 3px;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117} #mfam .tfn{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:8px} #mfam .tfcol p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--txt2);margin:0} #mfam .tfmore{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue)} #mfam .tfmore:hover{color:#0d1117;border-bottom-color:#0d1117} #mfam .ucol{margin-top:12px} #mfam .ucol summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;padding:7px 0} #mfam .ucol summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} #mfam .ucol summary::after{content:' +';font-family:inherit} #mfam .ucol[open] summary::after{content:' \\2013'} #mfam .ucol summary:hover{color:#0d1117} #mfam a.unit{text-decoration:none} #mfam a.unit:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);background:var(--blue-dim)} #mfam table.oobt tr.flash td{background:var(--blue-dim);transition:background .45s} @media(max-width:900px){#mfam .tfgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} #mfam .units{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:15px} #mfam .unit{font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 11px;background:var(--bg2);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--txt2);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif} #mfam .acgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin-top:32px} #mfam .acard{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .acard:hover{border-color:var(--blue)} #mfam .acard .im{display:block;height:132px;background:#eef1f6 center\/cover no-repeat} #mfam .acard .im.none{background:repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,#f3f6fa,#f3f6fa 8px,#e9eef5 8px,#e9eef5 16px)} #mfam .acard .tx{display:block;padding:14px 16px} #mfam .acard .tx b{display:block;font-size:15px;color:#0d1117;line-height:1.3} #mfam .acard .tx em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12px;color:var(--txt3);margin-top:5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums} #mfam .acard:hover .tx b{color:var(--blue-ink)} @media(max-width:1000px){#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .tthumb{width:118px;height:79px}#mfam .badge.big{height:84px}#mfam .mjc{height:74px}#mfam .mcol{gap:14px}#mfam .acgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .orgrow{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .marks{gap:20px}#mfam .photocred{position:static;display:block;padding:0 24px 12px;text-align:left;max-width:none}} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .cmdcard{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px}#mfam .cmdorg{padding-left:0;border-left:0;flex-basis:100%}#mfam .specgrid,#mfam .specgrid.three{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .relgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .statstrip{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}#mfam .oob dl{grid-template-columns:1fr}#mfam .cdin{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}#mfam .oob dd{text-align:left}#mfam .frow{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr 56px;gap:10px}#mfam .srclist{columns:1}#mfam .oobmap{height:440px}#mfam .oobmap.home{height:400px}} #mfam .pqband{background:#0d1117;padding:56px 0} #mfam .pqband .wrap{max-width:1120px} #mfam .pq{margin:0;max-width:900px} #mfam .pq blockquote{margin:0;font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-size:clamp(21px,2.6vw,28px);line-height:1.42;color:#fff;letter-spacing:-.2px} #mfam .pq blockquote:before{content:'\\201C';color:var(--blue);margin-right:2px} #mfam .pq blockquote:after{content:'\\201D';color:var(--blue);margin-left:2px} #mfam .pq figcaption{margin-top:20px;font-size:14px;color:#98a2b3;line-height:1.6} #mfam .pq figcaption b{color:#fff;font-size:14px} #mfam .pq figcaption span{display:block;color:#7c8697;font-size:13px} #mfam .pq figcaption a{color:#9db9ff;border-bottom:1px solid #3f4d6b} #mfam .pqrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:40px;max-width:1120px} #mfam .pqrow .pq blockquote{font-size:clamp(18px,2vw,21px)} #mfam .galgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:18px;margin-top:8px} #mfam .galgrid figure{margin:0;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);overflow:hidden} #mfam .galgrid 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.satlbx{position:absolute;top:18px;right:22px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase} #mfam .satcap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:22px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--txt3)} #mfam .satcap b{font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Gilroy,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--txt)} @media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{height:380px}} @media(max-width:680px){#mfam .qa summary{padding:18px 14px;font-size:17px}#mfam .qa details .a{padding:0 14px 20px}#mfam section{padding:44px 0}} #mfam .mfshare{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 6px} #mfam .mfsh-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 15px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;line-height:1} #mfam .mfsh-btn:hover{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} #mfam .mfsh-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8} #mfam .mfsh-net{display:none;align-items:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} #mfam .mfshare.on .mfsh-net{display:flex} #mfam .mfsh-net a,#mfam .mfsh-net button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;color:#3d4654;cursor:pointer;padding:0} #mfam .mfsh-net a:hover,#mfam .mfsh-net button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue-ink)} #mfam .mfsh-net svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:currentColor} #mfam .mfsh-said{font-size:12px;color:var(--green);font-family:'Gilroy semiBold',Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.6px}<\/style>\n<div id=\"mfam\">\n<div class=\"hero\">\n<div class=\"wrap hero-in\">\n<div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/\">Order of Battle<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/national-air-force-of-angola\/\">National Air Force of Angola<\/a> &middot; Air base<\/div>\n<h1>Menongue Air Base<\/h1>\n<div class=\"native\">Aeroporto Comandante Kwenha (Aeroporto de Menongue); Portuguese era: Aer&#243;dromo de Base e de Manobra n.&#186; 10<\/div>\n<p class=\"sub\">Active (civil airport and air force base: home of the 24th Training Regiment per Wikipedia; in the Cuito Cuanavale campaign of 1987&ndash;88 the forward base for Cuban and Angolan MiG-23s)<\/p>\n<div class=\"statstrip\">\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>FNME<\/b><span>ICAO<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>1973<\/b><span>Opened<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"stat\"><b>Active<\/b><span>Status<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"accent\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"chips\"><span class=\"chip\"><b>Operator<\/b>National Air Force of Angola<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Province<\/b>Cubango Province (Cuando Cubango until 2024)<\/span><span class=\"chip\"><b>Coordinates<\/b>14.6569 S, 17.7181 E<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"mfshare\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"mfsh-btn\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"12\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M8.6 10.6l6.8-4M8.6 13.4l6.8 4\"\/><\/svg>Share<\/button><span class=\"mfsh-net\"><\/span><span class=\"mfsh-said\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"story\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">The story<\/div>\n<h2>Menongue Air Base: what it was built for and what flies there now<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cols\">\n<div>\n<p>Menongue, the old Serpa Pinto, sits on the plateau of south-eastern Angola at the end of the Mo&#231;&#226;medes railway, about 150 km west of Cuito Cuanavale. Portuguese Wikipedia says the airfield was built in 1973 as the Portuguese Air Force&rsquo;s Aer&#243;dromo de Base e de Manobra n.&#186; 10, an auxiliary base for the colonial war, two years before independence.<\/p>\n<p>Its fame comes from 1987&ndash;88. When the Angolan army (FAPLA) drove south-east towards UNITA&rsquo;s Mavinga in August 1987, its brigades were supported from the air base at Menongue, MiG-23s included, according to English and Spanish Wikipedia. After South African artillery made the Cuito Cuanavale airstrip unusable, the Cubans pulled their aircraft back to Menongue, and the relief of Cuito Cuanavale was staged from here.<\/p>\n<p>After the war the airport was enlarged between 2008 and 2014 and reopened as Aeroporto Comandante Kwenha. defenceWeb lists Menongue among the seven bases of the National Air Force today, and Wikipedia places the 24th Training Regiment here.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"sat\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Satellite<\/div>\n<h2>Menongue from above<\/h2>\n<div class=\"satfig\" id=\"satfig\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Enlarge the satellite view\">\n<div class=\"satimg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Menongue Air Base seen from above\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"satzoom\">Click to enlarge<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"satcap\"><b>No runway dimensions are recorded for this airfield.<\/b><span>Imagery: Esri, Maxar, Earthstar Geographics and the GIS user community<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"satlb\" id=\"satlb\"><span class=\"satlbx\">Close<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"satbig\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Menongue Air Base seen from above, enlarged\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<style>#mfam .satimg{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=17.68356,-14.67244,17.75256,-14.64144\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=1600,743\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}#mfam .satbig{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=17.68563,-14.67786,17.75049,-14.63602\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=2048,1365\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}@media(max-width:820px){#mfam .satimg{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/server.arcgisonline.com\/ArcGIS\/rest\/services\/World_Imagery\/MapServer\/export?bbox=17.70204,-14.67244,17.73408,-14.64144\\26 bboxSR=4326\\26 imageSR=3857\\26 size=760,760\\26 format=jpg\\26 f=image\")!important}}<\/style>\n<div id=\"sat-data\" data-js=\"KGZ1bmN0aW9uKCl7IHZhciBmPWRvY3VtZW50LmdldEVsZW1lbnRCeUlkKCdzYXRmaWcnKSwgYj1kb2N1bWVudC5nZXRFbGVtZW50QnlJZCgnc2F0bGInKTsgaWYoIWZ8fCFiKSByZXR1cm47IGZ1bmN0aW9uIG9wZW4oKXsgYi5jbGFzc0xpc3QuYWRkKCdvbicpOyBkb2N1bWVudC5ib2R5LnN0eWxlLm92ZXJmbG93PSdoaWRkZW4nOyB9IGZ1bmN0aW9uIHNodXQoKXsgYi5jbGFzc0xpc3QucmVtb3ZlKCdvbicpOyBkb2N1bWVudC5ib2R5LnN0eWxlLm92ZXJmbG93PScnOyB9IGYuYWRkRXZlbnRMaXN0ZW5lcignY2xpY2snLCBvcGVuKTsgZi5hZGRFdmVudExpc3RlbmVyKCdrZXlkb3duJywgZnVuY3Rpb24oZSl7IGlmKGUua2V5PT09J0VudGVyJ3x8ZS5rZXk9PT0nICcpeyBlLnByZXZlbnREZWZhdWx0KCk7IG9wZW4oKTsgfSB9KTsgYi5hZGRFdmVudExpc3RlbmVyKCdjbGljaycsIHNodXQpOyBkb2N1bWVudC5hZGRFdmVudExpc3RlbmVyKCdrZXlkb3duJywgZnVuY3Rpb24oZSl7IGlmKGUua2V5PT09J0VzY2FwZScpIHNodXQoKTsgfSk7IH0pKCk7\"><\/div>\n<p><script>(function(){var el=document.getElementById(\"sat-data\");var js=decodeURIComponent(escape(atob(el.getAttribute(\"data-js\"))));var sc=document.createElement(\"script\");sc.text=js;document.body.appendChild(sc);})();<\/script><hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"glance\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">At a glance<\/div>\n<h2>Menongue Air Base in numbers<\/h2>\n<div class=\"specgrid three\">\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Location &amp; codes<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>ICAO<\/dt>\n<dd>FNME<\/dd>\n<dt>Country<\/dt>\n<dd>Angola<\/dd>\n<dt>Province<\/dt>\n<dd>Cubango Province<span class=\"gnote\">Cuando Cubango until 2024<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Coordinates<\/dt>\n<dd>14.6569 S, 17.7181 E<\/dd>\n<dt>Usage<\/dt>\n<dd>Military<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Runways &amp; facilities<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Runways<\/dt>\n<dd>1<\/dd>\n<dt>Designator<\/dt>\n<dd>13\/31<\/dd>\n<dt>Surface<\/dt>\n<dd>Asphalt<\/dd>\n<dt>Quick Reaction Alert<\/dt>\n<dd>None<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"spectable\">\n<h4>Command &amp; status<\/h4>\n<dl>\n<dt>Status<\/dt>\n<dd>Active<span class=\"gnote\">civil airport and air force base: home of the 24th Training Regiment per Wikipedia; in the Cuito Cuanavale campaign of 1987&ndash;88 the forward base for Cuban and Angolan MiG-23s<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Operator<\/dt>\n<dd>National Air Force of Angola<\/dd>\n<dt>Opened<\/dt>\n<dd>1973<\/dd>\n<dt>Command<\/dt>\n<dd>24th Training Regiment, Southern Air Region, National Air Force of Angola<span class=\"gnote\">per Wikipedia and defenceWeb<\/span><\/dd>\n<dt>Resident units<\/dt>\n<dd>1 current, 0 former<\/dd>\n<dt>Based types<\/dt>\n<dd>6<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"units\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Resident units<\/div>\n<h2>Who flies from Menongue Air Base<\/h2>\n<div class=\"oob\">\n<div><span>Current<\/span><em>1 units<\/em><\/div>\n<dl>\n<dt>24th Training Regiment (8th Training Squadron)<small>Training regiment &middot; active<\/small><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/l-39-albatros\/\">Aero L-39ZA Albatros<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/emb-312-tucano\/\">Embraer EMB 312 Tucano<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/pc-9\/\">Pilatus PC-9<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/pc-7-turbo-trainer\/\">Pilatus PC-7<\/a>, Aero L-29 Delf&#237;n, Cessna 172<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Aircraft types based here<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/l-39-albatros\/\">Aero L-39ZA Albatros<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/emb-312-tucano\/\">Embraer EMB 312 Tucano<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/pc-9\/\">Pilatus PC-9<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/pc-7-turbo-trainer\/\">Pilatus PC-7<\/a>, Aero L-29 Delf&#237;n, Cessna 172<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"knownfor\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Claim to fame<\/div>\n<h2>What Menongue is known for<\/h2>\n<div class=\"kfgrid\">\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">01<\/div>\n<h3>The MiG-23 base behind Cuito Cuanavale<\/h3>\n<p>In August 1987 FAPLA&rsquo;s brigades on the Lomba river were supported from the air base at Menongue, including MiG-23 ground-attack missions, according to Wikipedia.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">4 brigades supported: the 16th, 21st, 47th and 59th.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">02<\/div>\n<h3>The fallback when Cuito was shelled<\/h3>\n<p>South African artillery bombarded the Cuito Cuanavale airstrip, and the Cubans withdrew their aircraft to Menongue.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">About 150 km from Cuito Cuanavale, according to South African History Online.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">03<\/div>\n<h3>A Portuguese base first<\/h3>\n<p>The airfield was built by the Portuguese Air Force as an auxiliary base during the colonial war.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">Opened in 1973 as Aer&#243;dromo de Base e de Manobra n.&#186; 10.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">04<\/div>\n<h3>One of Angola&rsquo;s long runways<\/h3>\n<p>The single asphalt runway runs 13\/31; Portuguese Wikipedia says it can take a Boeing 777-300.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">3,500&ndash;3,750 m long, depending on the source.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"kf\">\n<div class=\"kfn\">05<\/div>\n<h3>A training base today<\/h3>\n<p>Wikipedia places the 24th Training Regiment here with jet and turboprop trainers.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"kff\">6 types in the regiment&rsquo;s Wikipedia list, from the Cessna 172 to the L-39.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"deep\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Go deeper<\/div>\n<h2>The long version<\/h2>\n<div class=\"deep\">\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">01<\/span><span>Serpa Pinto: a colonial-war airfield<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>Before independence the town was called Serpa Pinto, after the Portuguese explorer Alexandre de Serpa Pinto. It lies on the high plateau of the south-east, at the eastern end of the railway from the port of Mo&#231;&#226;medes, and it was the natural gateway to the vast, thinly populated Cuando Cubango.<\/p>\n<p>Portuguese Wikipedia says the present airfield was built in 1973 as Aer&#243;dromo de Base e de Manobra n.&#186; 10, to serve as an auxiliary base of the Portuguese Air Force in the Angolan War of Independence. English Wikipedia&rsquo;s article on the South African Border War records that, in the Portuguese era, South Africa posted two permanent liaison officers at Menongue and Cuito Cuanavale to coordinate air operations. Within two years of the airfield&rsquo;s completion Portugal had left Angola; by the mid-1980s the field was in use by the new People&rsquo;s Air Force of Angola (FAPA\/DAA) and its Cuban allies.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">02<\/span><span>1987&ndash;88: the air war over the Lomba and Cuito Cuanavale<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>In August 1987 FAPLA launched four brigades &mdash; the 16th and 21st light infantry, 47th armoured and 59th mechanised &mdash; towards UNITA&rsquo;s base area around Mavinga. English Wikipedia, citing Vanneman, says they received air support from the airbase at Menongue, including MiG-23s deployed in ground attacks; Spanish Wikipedia also names the &quot;MIG-23 de la base a&#233;rea de Menongue&quot;. Wikipedia&rsquo;s account of the South African Operation Moduler describes MiG-23 attacks on South African combat groups and on a tactical headquarters in November 1987.<\/p>\n<p>The forward airstrip at Cuito Cuanavale, closer to the front, did not survive the South African counter-offensive. The SADF shelled the town and the airfield for weeks; English Wikipedia says the strip was extensively bombarded, causing the Cubans to withdraw their aircraft to Menongue and abandon it, and that although it was kept in repair it could not safely be used by fixed-wing aircraft. Menongue, out of artillery range, became the air base for the battle.<\/p>\n<p>Each side tells the air war differently. English Wikipedia quotes the view that South Africa&rsquo;s ageing air force, limited by the arms embargo, was outclassed by the Soviet-supplied air defences and aircraft fielded by the Cubans and Angolans; it also records Cuban figures of six FAR aircraft shot down, seven Cuban aircrew killed and three captured by UNITA. Neither set of claims is independently confirmed here.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">03<\/span><span>The road to Cuito Cuanavale<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>Menongue was also the rear base for the ground relief. South African History Online describes an initial contingent of 120 Cuban troops rushed to Cuito Cuanavale from Menongue, 150 kilometres away, and English Wikipedia describes a large Cuban and FAPLA column on its way from Menongue to relieve the town, slowed by the rainy season. Wikipedia&rsquo;s Moduler article records South African plans to have 32 Battalion attack the FAPLA supply lines between Menongue and Cuito Cuanavale.<\/p>\n<p>The battle ended inconclusively in March 1988 and is claimed as a victory by both sides: Cuba and Angola point to the town that was never taken, South Africa to the halted FAPLA offensive on Mavinga. The negotiations that followed led to the New York Accords of 22 December 1988, Namibian independence and the Cuban withdrawal.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"ddet\">\n<summary><span class=\"dn\">04<\/span><span>Comandante Kwenha: rebuilt for peace<\/span><span class=\"dx\">Read<\/span><\/summary>\n<div class=\"dbody\">\n<p>After the civil war ended in 2002 the airfield was rebuilt. English Wikipedia dates the expansion of the terminal and the lengthening of the runway to 2008&ndash;2014. Portuguese Wikipedia gives a runway of 3,750 by 45 metres, a 4,000 m&#178; terminal for 200 departing and 200 arriving passengers, and capacity for a Boeing 777-300; English Wikipedia gives the runway as 3,500 m. The reopening was reported by ANGOP in November 2014.<\/p>\n<p>The new name honours &quot;Comandante Kwenha&quot;, a child member of the MPLA&rsquo;s Pioneers Organisation (OPA) who, Portuguese Wikipedia says, led the &quot;Kwenha squadron&quot; in the campaign for Luanda. Wikipedia places the 8th Training Squadron of the 24th Training Regiment at Menongue, with a list of L-39, Tucano, PC-7, PC-9, L-29 and Cessna 172 trainers; that list is undated, and defenceWeb reports the newer K-8W jets at Catumbela. In 2024 Cuando Cubango province was split, and Menongue ceased to be its capital.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"timeline\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Timeline<\/div>\n<h2>Menongue, year by year<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tl\">\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1967<\/div>\n<p>South Africa posts two liaison officers at Menongue (then Serpa Pinto) and Cuito Cuanavale, per Wikipedia.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1973<\/div>\n<p>The Portuguese Air Force builds Aer&#243;dromo de Base e de Manobra n.&#186; 10 as an auxiliary base.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1975<\/div>\n<p>11 November: independence; the airfield passes to the new Angolan air force.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1987<\/div>\n<p>August: FAPLA&rsquo;s four-brigade offensive towards Mavinga is supported by MiG-23s from Menongue.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1987<\/div>\n<p>Late 1987: South African shelling closes the Cuito Cuanavale airstrip; the Cubans withdraw their aircraft to Menongue.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1988<\/div>\n<p>Cuban and FAPLA reinforcements for Cuito Cuanavale move up from Menongue; the battle ends inconclusively in March.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">1988<\/div>\n<p>22 December: the New York Accords lead to Namibian independence and the Cuban withdrawal.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2002<\/div>\n<p>The civil war ends.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2008<\/div>\n<p>Expansion of the terminal and runway begins, per Wikipedia.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2014<\/div>\n<p>November: the airport reopens as Aeroporto Comandante Kwenha, as reported by ANGOP.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2024<\/div>\n<p>Cuando Cubango is split into Cuando and Cubango provinces.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tl-item\">\n<div class=\"yr\">2025<\/div>\n<p>defenceWeb lists Menongue among the seven air bases of the National Air Force.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"incidents\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Incidents &amp; stories<\/div>\n<h2>What happened here<\/h2>\n<div class=\"inc\">\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">August&ndash;September 1987<\/div>\n<h3>MiG-23s over the Lomba<\/h3>\n<p>As FAPLA&rsquo;s 16th, 21st, 47th and 59th brigades advanced on Mavinga, they received air support from the airbase at Menongue, including MiG-23 ground attacks, according to English Wikipedia citing Vanneman. On 27 September, Wikipedia&rsquo;s Operation Moduler article says, six South African Mirage F1CZs tried to intercept Angolan MiG-23s and one Mirage was damaged by an air-to-air missile and crash-landed on return. Which airfield those MiG-23s flew from that day is not stated in the sources read.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Cuito_Cuanavale\">Wikipedia, Battle of Cuito Cuanavale<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">Late 1987 to early 1988<\/div>\n<h3>Cuito&rsquo;s airstrip is shelled shut<\/h3>\n<p>South African artillery south of the Mianei river shelled Cuito Cuanavale and its airfield for weeks. English Wikipedia says the strip was so extensively bombarded that the Cubans withdrew their aircraft to Menongue and abandoned it; it was kept in repair but, under constant observation by South African artillery and aircraft, could not safely be used by fixed-wing aircraft. Spanish Wikipedia likewise says it was repaired again and again after each attack. From then on Menongue carried the air war.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Operation_Moduler\">Wikipedia, Operation Moduler<\/a><\/article>\n<article>\n<div class=\"incd\">1987&ndash;88<\/div>\n<h3>Reinforcements from Menongue<\/h3>\n<p>South African History Online records an initial contingent of 120 Cuban troops rushed to Cuito Cuanavale from Menongue, 150 kilometres away, after Cuba decided to reinforce the town. English Wikipedia adds that a large Cuban and FAPLA column was on its way from Menongue for the relief of Cuito Cuanavale, its progress slowed by the rainy season. South African planners, for their part, tasked 32 Battalion with raiding the supply road between the two towns.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"incs\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sahistory.org.za\/article\/battle-cuito-cuanavale-1988\">South African History Online<\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"map\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Location<\/div>\n<h2>Menongue Air Base and its neighbours<\/h2>\n<div class=\"mapframe\">\n<div id=\"oobmap\" class=\"oobmap\" style=\"height:440px\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"legend\"><span><i class=\"dot\"><\/i> Active air base<\/span><span><i class=\"dot was\"><\/i> Closed or reserve<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"tscroll\">\n<table class=\"oobt\" id=\"nearbytbl\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Nearby base<\/th>\n<th>ICAO<\/th>\n<th>Status<\/th>\n<th>Based types<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr data-base=\"kuito\">\n<td>Kuito Air Base<\/td>\n<td>FNKU<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill\">Active<\/span><\/td>\n<td>Sukhoi Su-30K (13th Squadron), Sukhoi Su-27\/Su-27UB (13th Squadron), MiG-23ML\/UB (12th Squadron), MiG-21 (11th Squadron)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-base=\"cuito-cuanavale\" class=\"was\">\n<td>Cuito Cuanavale airfield<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"pill was\">Closed<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section id=\"faq\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Questions &amp; Answers<\/div>\n<h2>Everything people ask about Menongue Air Base<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<details open>\n<summary>What is Menongue Air Base known for?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">It was the air base behind the Battle of Cuito Cuanavale in 1987&ndash;88: MiG-23s from Menongue supported FAPLA&rsquo;s offensive in August 1987, and when South African artillery closed the Cuito Cuanavale airstrip the Cubans withdrew their aircraft here. Today it is a civil airport, Aeroporto Comandante Kwenha, and an air force training base.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Which units are based at Menongue?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">English Wikipedia places the 24th Training Regiment, with its 8th Training Squadron, at Menongue, flying L-39s, Tucanos, PC-7s, PC-9s and Cessna 172s. The list is undated and is not confirmed by an Angolan government source; defenceWeb confirms Menongue as one of seven air force bases.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Did Cuban MiG-23s fly from Menongue?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes, according to English and Spanish Wikipedia, which name MiG-23s of the air base at Menongue in support of the 1987 FAPLA offensive. Many MiG-23s in the campaign were flown by Cuban pilots; the sources read do not say which squadrons or how many aircraft were based here.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How far is Menongue from Cuito Cuanavale?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">About 150 km, according to South African History Online. That distance put Menongue out of reach of the South African artillery that shelled the Cuito Cuanavale airstrip.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>When was Menongue airfield built?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Portuguese Wikipedia says it was built in 1973 as the Portuguese Air Force&rsquo;s Aer&#243;dromo de Base e de Manobra n.&#186; 10, an auxiliary base for the colonial war. It was enlarged between 2008 and 2014.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Who was Comandante Kwenha?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">A child member of the MPLA&rsquo;s Pioneers Organisation (OPA) who, according to Portuguese Wikipedia, led the &quot;Kwenha squadron&quot; in the campaign for Luanda. The rebuilt airport was named after him.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How long is the runway at Menongue?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Sources disagree: English Wikipedia gives 3,500 m and Portuguese Wikipedia 3,750 by 45 m, for the single asphalt runway 13\/31. The Angolan AIP could not be checked.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Is Menongue Air Base still an active military air base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Yes. Active (civil airport and air force base: home of the 24th Training Regiment per Wikipedia; in the Cuito Cuanavale campaign of 1987&ndash;88 the forward base for Cuban and Angolan MiG-23s). The National Air Force of Angola operates it as 24th Training Regiment, Southern Air Region, National Air Force of Angola (per Wikipedia and defenceWeb).<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is the ICAO code of Menongue Air Base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">The ICAO code of Menongue Air Base is FNME. The airfield sits in Cubango Province (Cuando Cubango until 2024), at 14.6569 S, 17.7181 E.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Which squadrons are based at Menongue Air Base?<\/summary>\n<div class=\"a\">Menongue Air Base currently hosts 24th Training Regiment (8th Training Squadron) flying the Aero L-39ZA Albatros, Embraer EMB 312 Tucano, Pilatus PC-9, Pilatus PC-7, Aero L-29 Delf&#237;n, Cessna 172.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is Menongue Air Base known for?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"It was the air base behind the Battle of Cuito Cuanavale in 1987\\u201388: MiG-23s from Menongue supported FAPLA\\u2019s offensive in August 1987, and when South African artillery closed the Cuito Cuanavale airstrip the Cubans withdrew their aircraft here. Today it is a civil airport, Aeroporto Comandante Kwenha, and an air force training base.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Which units are based at Menongue?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"English Wikipedia places the 24th Training Regiment, with its 8th Training Squadron, at Menongue, flying L-39s, Tucanos, PC-7s, PC-9s and Cessna 172s. The list is undated and is not confirmed by an Angolan government source; defenceWeb confirms Menongue as one of seven air force bases.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Did Cuban MiG-23s fly from Menongue?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes, according to English and Spanish Wikipedia, which name MiG-23s of the air base at Menongue in support of the 1987 FAPLA offensive. Many MiG-23s in the campaign were flown by Cuban pilots; the sources read do not say which squadrons or how many aircraft were based here.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How far is Menongue from Cuito Cuanavale?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"About 150 km, according to South African History Online. That distance put Menongue out of reach of the South African artillery that shelled the Cuito Cuanavale airstrip.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"When was Menongue airfield built?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Portuguese Wikipedia says it was built in 1973 as the Portuguese Air Force\\u2019s Aer\\u00f3dromo de Base e de Manobra n.\\u00ba 10, an auxiliary base for the colonial war. It was enlarged between 2008 and 2014.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Who was Comandante Kwenha?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"A child member of the MPLA\\u2019s Pioneers Organisation (OPA) who, according to Portuguese Wikipedia, led the \\\"Kwenha squadron\\\" in the campaign for Luanda. The rebuilt airport was named after him.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How long is the runway at Menongue?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Sources disagree: English Wikipedia gives 3,500 m and Portuguese Wikipedia 3,750 by 45 m, for the single asphalt runway 13\/31. The Angolan AIP could not be checked.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is Menongue Air Base still an active military air base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. Active (civil airport and air force base: home of the 24th Training Regiment per Wikipedia; in the Cuito Cuanavale campaign of 1987\\u201388 the forward base for Cuban and Angolan MiG-23s). The National Air Force of Angola operates it as 24th Training Regiment, Southern Air Region, National Air Force of Angola (per Wikipedia and defenceWeb).\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the ICAO code of Menongue Air Base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The ICAO code of Menongue Air Base is FNME. The airfield sits in Cubango Province (Cuando Cubango until 2024), at 14.6569 S, 17.7181 E.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Which squadrons are based at Menongue Air Base?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Menongue Air Base currently hosts 24th Training Regiment (8th Training Squadron) flying the Aero L-39ZA Albatros, Embraer EMB 312 Tucano, Pilatus PC-9, Pilatus PC-7, Aero L-29 Delf\\u00edn, Cessna 172.\"}}]}<\/script><hr class=\"divider\">\n<section>\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Continue the tour<\/div>\n<h2>Around Menongue Air Base<\/h2>\n<div class=\"relgrid\"><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/air-forces\/national-air-force-of-angola\/\"><span class=\"rk\">The operator<\/span><span class=\"rh\">National Air Force of Angola<\/span><span class=\"rp\">Fleet, bases and order of battle of the service that flies from here.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the National Air Force of Angola page<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/l-39-albatros\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Based here<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Aero L-39ZA Albatros<\/span><span class=\"rp\">History, specifications and stories in the Book of Beasts.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Aero L-39ZA Albatros story<\/span><\/a><a class=\"rel\" href=\"https:\/\/migflug.com\/aircraft\/emb-312-tucano\/\"><span class=\"rk\">Based here<\/span><span class=\"rh\">Embraer EMB 312 Tucano<\/span><span class=\"rp\">History, specifications and stories in the Book of Beasts.<\/span><span class=\"go\">Read the Embraer EMB 312 Tucano story<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<hr class=\"divider\">\n<section style=\"padding:48px 0 64px\">\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Sources &amp; Further Reading<\/div>\n<h2>Every fact, checked<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"srclist\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/security\/african-militaries\/angola-2\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: African Militaries &mdash; Angola (4 December 2025)<\/a><span>Air force of about 6,000; commander Virg&#237;nio Ant&#243;nio da Cunha Pinto since 2023; type-by-type inventory with storage status; air bases; Northern and Southern Air Regions; Aksungur on order with no update since 2023.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/aerospace\/aerospace-aerospace\/angola-receives-final-k-8w-jets-from-china\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Angola receives final K-8W jets from China (5 February 2021)<\/a><span>12 K-8W from CATIC via Simportex; six in January 2020, six on 14 December 2020 at Catumbela; two MA60s delivered in 2019.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sahistory.org.za\/article\/battle-cuito-cuanavale-1988\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">South African History Online: The Battle of Cuito Cuanavale 1988<\/a><span>Both readings of the battle: the SADF&rsquo;s stated limited aims, including preventing use of the airstrip, and the view that it was thwarted; the battle led to the talks that ended the war.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/defenceweb.co.za\/security\/african-militaries\/angola\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">defenceWeb: Angola (5 February 2013, updated 19 November 2025)<\/a><span>Same seven bases; older three-region structure (North, Centre, South) and which kinds of unit each housed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ourairports.com\/airports\/FNME\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">OurAirports: Menongue Airport (FNME)<\/a><span>Coordinates and elevation (4,469 ft), which differs from Wikipedia.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"verified\">Verified 2026-10-01.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>#mfam .cflag{background-image:url(https:\/\/migflug.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/swiss-canton-flags-sprite-v2.png)!important}#mfam .cf0{background-position:-2px -2px}#mfam .cf1{background-position:-22px -2px}#mfam .cf2{background-position:-42px 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